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Journal articles on the topic 'Powders (Pharmacy) ; Pharmaceutical chemistry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

DELGADO, G. E., L. M. BELANDRIA, M. GUILLEN, A. J. MORA, and L. E. SEIJAS. "STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 2-AMINO-2-OXOACETIC ACID BY X-RAY POWDER DIFFRACTION AND QUANTUM CHEMISTRY." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 33 (March 20, 2019): 516–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n33.2019.531_periodico33_pgs_516_523.pdf.

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2-amino-2-oxoacetic acid, carbamoyl formic acid, or oxamic acid is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) of great importance mainly because is an inhibitor of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). It acts as an inhibitor to the metabolic pathways of the tumor cells and exhibited significant anticancer activity against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells in vitro and can be considered as a potential drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Also, this compound could be used as a building block in the design of supramolecular architectures based on hydrogen bonds through the complimentary hydrogen-bond functionalities of the carbonyl and amide functional groups present. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction is the most powerful technique for crystal structure determination of small molecules. However, for several materials, including oxamic acid, it could be complicated to grow single crystals of suitable size and quality that make them appropriated to structure analysis. For this reason, the structural study was conducted with powder X-ray diffraction which is a process significantly more challenging than structure determination from single-crystal data. Oxamic acid has been characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques, thermal TGA-DSC analysis, semi-empirical PM7 calculations, and X-ray powder diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system with space group Cc, Z=4, and unit cell parameters a= 9.4994(4) Å, b= 5.4380(2) Å, c= 6.8636(3) Å, b= 107.149(2)°, V= 338.79(2) Å3. The molecule has a trans conformation. The molecular structure and crystal packing are stabilized mainly by intra- and intermolecular O--H···O and N--H···O hydrogen bonds. The structural characterization of this type of API compound is important to understand its mechanisms of action due to its considerable biological effects. In particular, for oxamic acid, this structural study would allow subsequent examination of its medicinal properties as an antitumor and antidiabetic agent.

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CRUZ, Emison Tarcisio Luz, Gubbio Matos DA SILVA, Rivelilson Mendes FREITAS, Edson Cavalcanti da Silva FILHO, and Lívio Cesar Cunha NUNES. "COAL ACTIVE BABASSU ADSORPTION IN COLOUR FOR THE TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE." Periódico Tchê Química 09, no. 18 (August 20, 2012): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v9.n18.2012.33_periodico18_pgs_33_40.pdf.

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The presence of chemical residues in aquatic environment can cause noticeable adverse physiological effects in humans and animals. In view of this, one needs methods to try to control its disposal, among these methods highlight the adsorption. The adsorption on solids is a phenomenon that focus on the surface of existing substances in liquids or gases. Due to the adsorption capacity of the derivatives of babassu (Orbignya phalerata, Mart.) and its abundance geographical took place this study was conducted with the purpose of transforming the coal into a potent babassu adsorbent useful for the treatment of industrial effluents, including pharmaceutical. The sieve analysis was performed and showed charcoal powder with a mean diameter of 500.475 mM, obtaining therefore a coarse powder. Potential adsorption system was elevated. According to the spectrophotometric reading, the initial concentration of methylene blue (3,85 mg/ml) was reduced to 0.106 g/ml in the system containing activated charcoal, thus resulting in a percentage adsorption equivalent to 97%. This study noted a keen perspective on the adsorption capacity of activated carbon from babassu front of the methodology employed. This material shows great potential for use in the manufacture of filters for the decontamination of industrial waste.

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DELGADO, G. E., Asiloé J. MORA, T. GONZÁLEZ, I. SANTOS, P. RIVAS, and L. E. SEIJAS. "SOLVENT-FREE SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF rac-2-THIOHYDANTOIN-VALINE." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 31 (January 20, 2019): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n31.2019.353_periodico31_pgs_347_352.pdf.

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Thiohydantoins have been used in the manufacture of medicines and in industrial processes. Depending on the nature and type of substitution on the heterocyclic ring, these compounds may display pharmaceutical and biological activity with a variety of applications as antiepileptic, antitumoral, antiinflammatory, and principally for the treatment of prostate cancer. In this study, a new thiohydantoin was synthetized from the valine amino acid and structurally characterized. The title compound, C6H10N2O2S, with systematic name rac-5-isopropyl-2-tioxoimidazolidin-4-one, has been synthetized by a solvent-free synthesis. The heterocyclic compound was characterized by spectroscopic infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). This material crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c. In the supramolecular structure, the molecules are joined by N- --H···O and N---H···S hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric R2 2(8) dimers and C2 2(9) chains that run along the [001] direction in an infinite one-dimensional network.

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4

LUPANOVA, Irina A., Praskovya G. MIZINA, Nikolay I. SIDELNIKOV, and Alexander S. GULENKOV. "SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPLEX IN LIQUID HERBAL DRUG EXTRACTS, STUDIED UNDER DIFFERENT DRYING CONDITIONS." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 31 (January 20, 2019): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n31.2020.490_periodico31_pgs_484_490.pdf.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different methods of extraction solvents removal from liquid herbal drugs extracts on their pharmacological activity (immunomodulating, adaptogene, antioxidant and antibacterial). The authors used specific enzyme biotest systems in vitro based on key enzymes of antioxidant protection system - glutathione reductase and catalase, as well as on limiting enzyme of phagocytosis terminal phase – NADPH-oxidase, that allow the researchers to identify adaptogene, antioxidant, antibacterial and immunomodulating BAS activity and to estimate possible alterations in bioactivity of the studied objects. The obtained results showed that the drying temperature of liquid combined herbal drugs extracts does not influence significantly on its BAS complex bioactivity. Extract samples, dried at different temperatures, have immunomodulating and antibacterial activity. Best results were shown by the two samples: 1) dried at t=60 ± 1°С without vacuum application, and 2) preliminary adsorbed on the mix of powder like excipients isomalt GalenIQ® and Aeroperl® 300 Pharma, and then dried at room temperature. The materials of this article can be useful for specialists in pharmaceutical technology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. The obtained results contribute to the development of new advanced drug formulations based on BAS of herbal drugs extracts.

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5

Rieger, Christy. "Chemical Romance: Genre andMateria Medicain Late-Victorian Drug Fiction." Victorian Literature and Culture 47, no. 2 (2019): 409–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015031800150x.

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Despite Macfie's vivid assertion, studies of Victorian medicine and literature have not paid special attention to the pharmaceutical field, perhaps because of its messy associations with trade or inferiority to more respected healing practices. After all, it is Doctor Lydgate's refusal to prescribe the expected drugs inMiddlemarchthat proves his commitment to evidence-based Parisian medicine. As I aim to demonstrate, however, pharmacy and its products have a distinct and two-edged history in late-Victorian England. Medical writers increasingly assert the scientific authority and physiological promise of pharmacology. At the same time, they begin to show interest in the romance of drugs: their origins in alchemy and the occult, harvesting in the furthest outreaches of empire, and, at home, display in the magical space of the chemist's shop. This productive tension between medicinal drugs as stuff of ancient mystery and sign of medical progress informs their depiction in the transforming drug narratives of Robert Louis Stevenson'sStrange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde(1886), Arthur Machen's “Novel of the White Powder” (1895), and Rudyard Kipling's “Wireless” (1902). Bringing romance and drugs together invites readers to think about their respective claims to invigorate, transport, even remake the self.

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6

Morral, Jordi. "Linking a Pharmaceutical Chemistry Workshop to Pharmacy Practice." Scientia Pharmaceutica 83, no. 1 (2015): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.1410-03.

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7

McLoughlin, C. M., W. A. M. McMinn, and T. R. A. Magee. "Microwave-Vacuum Drying of Pharmaceutical Powders." Drying Technology 21, no. 9 (December 31, 2003): 1719–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/drt-120025505.

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8

Schott, Hans. "Surfactant Systems: Their Chemistry, Pharmacy and Biology." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 74, no. 10 (July 1985): 1140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600741040.

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9

Sadeghnejad, G. R., P. York, and N. G. Stanley-Wood. "Water Vapour Interaction with Pharmaceutical Cellulose Powders." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 12, no. 11-13 (January 1986): 2171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639048609042629.

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10

Lampert, Markus L., Stephan Krähenbühl, Kurt E. Hersberger, and Raymond G. Schlienger. "Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care: Patient-Oriented Application of Pharmaceutical Expertise." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 60, no. 1 (February 23, 2006): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/000942906777675254.

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11

Buckton, Graham. "Assessment of the wettability of pharmaceutical powders." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 7, no. 3 (January 1993): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856193x00664.

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12

PORTELA, Fernando Cunha, João Bosco Lucena OLIVEIRA, Raimundo Filho RODRIGUES, Antonio Carlos Gomes ARAUJO, and Luciana GAMA. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Ni-Cu-Zn FERRITES PREPARED BY COMBUSTION REACTION." Periódico Tchê Química 05, no. 10 (August 20, 2008): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v5.n10.2008.agosto/1_pgs_6_13.pdf.

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The synthesis by combustion reaction is distinguished as one alternate technique for powders preparation with high pureness degree , nanometric size of particles, and low cost. Thus, this work had as objective the synthesis and characterization of Ni0,5-xCuxZn0,5FeO4 ferrites powders with x=0,0; 0,1; 0,2; 0,3; 0,4 and 0,5 mol prepared by combustion reaction. The influence of the simultaneous substitution of Ni for Cu in the synthesis and the final characteristics of the powders also was investigated. The powders were characterized by BET, DRX, MEV, and sedimentation. The results showed that the combustion reaction synthesis is an adequate process to get crystalline powders of Ni-Cu-Zn ferrite with cristaline sizes between 30,0 - 47,5 nm. The increase of Cu addition lead to a slight increase of the cristalite size due to an increase in the time and temperature of combustion flame.

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13

Farrel, G., W. A. M. McMinn, and T. R. A. Magee. "Microwave-Vacuum Drying Kinetics of Pharmaceutical Powders." Drying Technology 23, no. 9-11 (September 2005): 2131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373930500212354.

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14

Wunderli-Allenspach, Heidi. "From Pharmacy to Pharmaceutical Sciences – The New Curriculum." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 58, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 684–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/000942904777677407.

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15

Roth, Christian, Zaira Künsch, Axel Sonnenfeld, and Philipp Rudolf von Rohr. "Plasma surface modification of powders for pharmaceutical applications." Surface and Coatings Technology 205 (July 2011): S597—S600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.10.046.

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16

McMinn, W. A. M., C. M. McLoughlin, and T. R. A. Magee. "Temperature Characteristics of Pharmaceutical Powders During Microwave Drying." Drying Technology 24, no. 5 (June 2006): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373930600626438.

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17

Bruzzone, Liliana. "Room-Temperature Phosphorimetry of Salicylic Acid in Pharmaceutical Powders." Microchemical Journal 58, no. 1 (January 1998): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mchj.1997.1518.

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18

Hickey, Anthony J. "Complexity in Pharmaceutical Powders for Inhalation: A perspective." KONA Powder and Particle Journal 35 (2018): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14356/kona.2018007.

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19

Hervieu, P., F. Dehont, E. Jerome, A. Delacourte, and J. C. Guyot. "Granulation of Pharmaceutical Powders by Compaction an Experimental Study." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 20, no. 1 (January 1994): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639049409047214.

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20

Kreimer, Manuel, Isabella Aigner, Daniel Lepek, and Johannes Khinast. "Continuous Drying of Pharmaceutical Powders Using a Twin-Screw Extruder." Organic Process Research & Development 22, no. 7 (June 5, 2018): 813–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00087.

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21

CESÁRIO, Moisés Rômolos, Daniel Araújo MACEDO, Bráulio Silva BARROS, Patrícia Mendonça PIMENTEL, Marcus Antonio de Feitas MELO, and Dulce Maria de Araújo MELO. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LSM/SDC FILMS AS COMPOSITE CATHODES FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS." Periódico Tchê Química 07, no. 14 (August 20, 2010): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v7.n14.2010.17_periodico14r_pgs_16_22.pdf.

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The study of the strontium-doped lanthanum manganites in the form of films covers a large area of technological applications, such as ceramics semiconductors and solid oxide fuel cell cathode. Strontium-doped lanthanum manganite and samarium-doped ceria has been used as composite cathode of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because of its excellent performance in electronic and ionic conductivity. In this work, we produced films of the cathode LSM / SDC on yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes. La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM) and Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) powders were synthesized by a synthesis route similar to the Pechini method, in which the gelatin replaced the ethylene glycol as polymerizing agent. Precursor powders of LSM and SDC phases were calcined at 900 ºC. In the step of films production were prepared suspensions of the LSM and SDC powders with addition of ethyl cellulose as a pore-forming agent. The ceramic suspensions were deposited on YSZ electrolyte using the spin coating method. After sintering to 1150 °C for 4 h the films were characterized by XRD and SEM. The film with 10 wt.% ethyl cellulose presented porous and strongly adhered to the YSZ substrate.

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22

Hickey, Anthony J., and Neville M. Concessio. "Flow Properties of Selected Pharmaceutical Powders from a Vibrating Spatula." Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 11, no. 6 (December 1994): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110609.

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23

Öblom, Heidi, Erica Sjöholm, Maria Rautamo, and Niklas Sandler. "Towards Printed Pediatric Medicines in Hospital Pharmacies: Comparison of 2D and 3D-Printed Orodispersible Warfarin Films with Conventional Oral Powders in Unit Dose Sachets." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11070334.

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To date, the lack of age-appropriate medicines for many indications results in dose manipulation of commercially available dosage forms, commonly resulting in inaccurate doses. Various printing technologies have recently been explored in the pharmaceutical field due to the flexible and precise nature of the techniques. The aim of this study was, therefore, to compare the currently used method to produce patient-tailored warfarin doses at HUS Pharmacy in Finland with two innovative printing techniques. Dosage forms of various strengths (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg) were prepared utilizing semisolid extrusion 3D printing, inkjet printing and the established compounding procedure for oral powders in unit dose sachets (OPSs). Orodispersible films (ODFs) drug-loaded with warfarin were prepared by means of printing using hydroxypropylcellulose as a film-forming agent. The OPSs consisted of commercially available warfarin tablets and lactose monohydrate as a filler. The ODFs resulted in thin and flexible films showing acceptable ODF properties. Moreover, the printed ODFs displayed improved drug content compared to the established OPSs. All dosage forms were found to be stable over the one-month stability study and suitable for administration through a naso-gastric tube, thus, enabling administration to all possible patient groups in a hospital ward. This work demonstrates the potential of utilizing printing technologies for the production of on-demand patient-specific doses and further discusses the advantages and limitations of each method.

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24

Holzgrabe, Ulrike, Bernd W. K. Diehl, and Iwona Wawer. "NMR spectroscopy in pharmacy." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 17, no. 4-5 (August 1998): 557–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0731-7085(97)00276-8.

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25

Caprile, Kelli A. "Veterinary Pharmacy." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2, no. 2 (April 1989): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719008900200205.

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Veterinary pharmacy is a specialized area of practice within the field of pharmacy as a whole. It is in the veterinary academic setting that pharmacists have established themselves as an integral and important part of the veterinary health care team in that veterinary hospital pharmacists are engaged in many different activities involving drug distribution, clinical services, teaching, and research. The average veterinary hospital pharmacy provides services that are equivalent in quality and quantity to those found in many hospitals for humans. Veterinary hospital pharmacists also play an important role as drug therapy consultants often being called upon to design dosage regimens for various types of patients. In order to be maximally effective in this setting, the veterinary pharmacist must combine knowledge of drug chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology with an understanding of those unique anatomic, metabolic, and behavioral aspects that exist for each species of animal. Veterinary pharmacists are also often involved in clinical research with veterinary hospital clinicians and, less often, in areas of basic research with other faculty members of the veterinary school. Veterinary pharmacy is predicted to continue to grow, expand, and evolve in those areas in which it has already become established, namely, the veterinary schools and their associated teaching hospitals. There is also ample opportunity and need for pharmacists to become involved in other areas, such as the veterinary pharmaceutical industry, veterinary regulatory agencies, and agricultural and livestock production, which affect not only veterinary medicine but also public health as a whole.

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26

López-Sánchez, Macarena, María José Ruedas-Rama, Antonio Ruiz-Medina, Antonio Molina-Díaz, and María José Ayora-Cañada. "Pharmaceutical powders analysis using FT-Raman spectrometry: Simultaneous determination of sulfathiazole and sulfanilamide." Talanta 74, no. 5 (February 15, 2008): 1603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.10.015.

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27

Sarraguça, Mafalda C., Ana V. Cruz, Sandra O. Soares, Helena R. Amaral, Paulo C. Costa, and João A. Lopes. "Determination of flow properties of pharmaceutical powders by near infrared spectroscopy." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 52, no. 4 (August 2010): 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2010.01.038.

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28

Soriano, M., M. Melgosa, M. S�nchez-Mara��n, G. Delgado, E. G�miz, and R. Delgado. "Whiteness of talcum powders as a quality index for pharmaceutical uses." Color Research & Application 23, no. 3 (June 1998): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6378(199806)23:3<178::aid-col10>3.0.co;2-a.

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29

Carter, P. A., G. Rowley, E. J. Fletcher, and E. A. Hill. "An experimental investigation of triboelectrification in cohesive and non-cohesive pharmaceutical powders." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 18, no. 14 (January 1992): 1505–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639049209040855.

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30

Chow, Albert H. L., and Molly W. M. Leung. "A study of the Mechanisms of Wet Spherical Agglomeration of Pharmaceutical Powders." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 22, no. 4 (January 1996): 357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639049609042001.

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31

Keskes, Sonia, Salah Hanini, Mohamed Hentabli, and Maamar Laidi. "Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Modelling of the Drying Kinetics of Pharmaceutical Powders." Kemija u industriji 69, no. 3-4 (2020): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15255/kui.2019.038.

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The study aims at modelling the drying kinetics of a pharmaceutical powder with active ingredient Candesartan Cilexetil. The kinetics was carried out in a vacuum dryer at different temperature levels, pressure, initial mass, and water content. The effect of some operating parameters on the drying time was studied. The modelling of drying times was based on the use of experimental design method. The data obtained were adjusted using 17 semi-empirical models, one proposed, a static ANN and DA_SVMR, regrouping all studied kinetics. The proposed model and DA_SVMR model were chosen as the most appropriate to describe the drying kinetics.

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32

Jamal, Jamia Azdina, Choong Lai Yuan, Adliah Mhd Ali, Khairana Husain, Juriyati Jalil, Malina Jasamai, and Mohd Makmor Bakry. "Instrument to Assess Pharmacist's Perception on Application of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Subjects in Pharmacy Practice." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 60 (October 2012): 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.432.

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33

Maccaroni, Elisabetta, Luciana Malpezzi, and Norberto Masciocchi. "Structures from powders: Bupropion hydrochloride." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 50, no. 2 (September 2009): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2009.04.021.

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34

Elliott, James, and Bruno Hancock. "Pharmaceutical Materials Science: An Active New Frontier in Materials Research." MRS Bulletin 31, no. 11 (November 2006): 869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2006.205.

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AbstractThe discipline of materials science has most commonly been associated with the study of structural or functional materials for engineering applications, such as metals, ceramics, and composites, but there are now, increasingly, great opportunities involving applications to soft matter, including polymers, powders, and biomaterials. The emerging discipline of pharmaceutical materials science attempts to apply physical principles common in materials science to challenges in such areas as drug delivery, control of drug form, manufacture and processing of nanoscopic and microscopic particle systems, and the structure and properties of bulk powders and their assemblies (e.g., tablets) for use in pharmaceutical applications. In this issue of MRS Bulletin, we have attempted to capture a snapshot of this rapidly developing new area of materials research, in order to bring it to the attention of the wider materials science community.

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35

Potseluyeva, L. A. "Higher pharmaceutical education in the Republic of Tatarstan: sources of formation of educational basis, it’s development, improvement, results and achievements." Kazan medical journal 93, no. 5 (October 15, 2012): 705–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj1692.

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The analysis of historical and bibliographic data of pharmaceutical education foundation in the Republic of Tatarstan is presented. Over than 200-year history of higher education in Kazan, started in 1804, determined the development of not only medical, but also pharmaceutical sciences. In Kazan Emperor’s University 4 faculties were founded, including the Faculty of Medical Sciences, that included the combined Department of chemistry, technology and pharmacy (pharmaceutics), which actually consisted of several departments. The Pharmaceutical Faculty was established in Kazan Medical Institute in 1975. Departments of Pharmaceutical, analytical and toxicological chemistry, Pharmaceutical technologies, Pharmacognosy and botany, Organization and economics of pharmacy were created. First pharmacists were graduated at 1980. By June 2012, 2472 full-time students were granted the diplomas of pharmacists, 2418 were Russian citizens, 54 - foreigners. In 1998, Department of part-time education was established at Pharmaceutical Faculty, which has already graduated 606 pharmacists. Alumni of Pharmaceutical Faculty of Kazan State Medical University occupy the highest supervising posts at pharmacy network and pharmaceutical industry, which is the clear evidence of the highest quality of education they have received at the University.

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36

Solomun, Ljiljana, Svetlana Ibric, Vlatka Vajs, Ivan Vuckovic, and Zorica Vujic. "Methylprednisolone and its related substances in freeze dried powders for injections." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 75, no. 10 (2010): 1441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc100115087s.

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In this work behavior of active pharmaceutical substances - methylprednisolone (in a form of methylprednisolone sodium succinate) in finished pharmaceutical dosage form - freeze dried powder for injections was examined. The goal was to evaluate the chemical stabilities of methylprednisolone sodium succinate packaged in dual chamber vial, as a specific container closure system. The effect of different parameters: temperature, moisture and light were monitored. USP method for assay was used to determine concentrations of methylprednisolone, as a sum of the concentration of methylprednisolone esters (17-hydrogen succinate and 21-hydrogen succinate) and free methylprednisolone. HPLC method was used for stability evaluation of active substance and related substances determination. Four main degradation products were noted. Temperature has a major impact on degradation process and appearance of 3 degradation products (impurities B, C and D), while the presence of light caused increasing content of impurity A. Identification of impurity B, C and D has been done using mass and NMR spectroscopy as well. All three substances are related substances of methylprednisolone.

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37

McMinn, W. A. M., G. Farrell, and T. R. A. Magee. "Prediction of Microwave Drying Behavior of Pharmaceutical Powders Using Thin-Layer Models." Drying Technology 25, no. 9 (September 5, 2007): 1551–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373930701539761.

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38

McMinn, W. A. M. "Application of Bi–SDrying Correlation to Microwave Drying Data of Pharmaceutical Powders." Drying Technology 22, no. 9 (December 31, 2004): 2065–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/drt-200034214.

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39

Belay, I. M., V. I. Dary, V. O. Demchenko, A. I. Belay, N. P. Krasko, and A. A. Ostapenko. "IMPROVEMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL SPECIALISTS DURING THE PERIOD OF REFORMING MEDICINE AND PHARMACY IN UKRAINE." Innovative Solution in Modern Science 5, no. 41 (August 17, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26886/2414-634x.5(41)2020.2.

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The article describes the need to determine the main directions and priorities of the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine, which is conditioned by real political and socioeconomic processes. The main element here is the introduction and development of a formular system - a complex of management methods for the application of rational, organizational and cost-effective methods of supplying and using drugs to ensure, in specific conditions, high quality medical care and optimal use of available resources.Key words: pharmaceutical industry, pharmacist, pharmacist, higher education.

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PIMENTEL, P. M., A. M. G. PEDROSA, H. K. S. SOUZA, C. N. S. JÚNIOR, R. C. A. PINTO, and D. M. A. MELO. "PECHINI SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Eu3+ DOPED ZnCo2O4 SPINELS." Periódico Tchê Química 03, no. 2 (January 20, 2005): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v2.n03.2005.janeiro/4_pgs_24_29.pdf.

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Spinel oxides with the composition ZnCo2O4 and ZnCo2O4:Eu3+ have been synthesized by the Pechini method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. IR spectroscopy revealed the presence of n1 and n2 bands, typical of spinel structures. The formation of monophase cubic spinel structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction patterns. Extra lines corresponding to other phase has been observed in the powders calcined at 900 ºC. The results showed the extremely lower synthesis temperature than those presents in conventional methods.

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Pedersen, Troels, Jukka Rantanen, Kaisa Naelapää, and Erik Skibsted. "Near infrared analysis of pharmaceutical powders with empirical target distribution optimization (ETDO)." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 181 (March 2020): 113059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113059.

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Ferreira, Elizabeth Igne, Eliezer L. Barreiro, and Carolina Horta Andrade. "XII National Meeting of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Professors: could we have now a subarea of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry in the CNPq Pharmacy Comittee?" Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 49, no. 1 (March 2013): v—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502013000100001.

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Wu, Chuan-Yu, Serena M. Best, A. Craig Bentham, Bruno C. Hancock, and William Bonfield. "Predicting the Tensile Strength of Compacted Multi-Component Mixtures of Pharmaceutical Powders." Pharmaceutical Research 23, no. 8 (July 19, 2006): 1898–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-006-9005-6.

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Walker, G. M., S. E. J. Bell, G. Andrews, and D. Jones. "Co-melt fluidised bed granulation of pharmaceutical powders: Improvements in drug bioavailability." Chemical Engineering Science 62, no. 1-2 (January 2007): 451–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2006.08.074.

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Sun, Zhigang, Sharnay Torrance, Fraser K. McNeil-Watson, and Eva M. Sevick-Muraca. "Application of Frequency Domain Photon Migration to Particle Size Analysis and Monitoring of Pharmaceutical Powders." Analytical Chemistry 75, no. 7 (April 2003): 1720–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac0261597.

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Ma, H., G. P. Andrews, D. S. Jones, and G. M. Walker. "Low shear granulation of pharmaceutical powders: Effect of formulation on granulation and tablet properties." Chemical Engineering Journal 164, no. 2-3 (November 1, 2010): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.11.014.

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Devinyak, Oleg, Iryna Stan, Viktoriya Syatynya, Yaroslava Deyak, Olena Lytvyn, and Ivan Kachur. "PHARMACY STUDY PLANS IN VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES AND UKRAINE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS." Ukrainian Scientific Medical Youth Journal 121, no. 1 (March 21, 2021): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32345/usmyj.1(121).2021.13-21.

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Careful design of study plan is a key element of any successful educational program. Till 2018 Ministry of Health of Ukraine regulated the structure of Pharmacy study plans through the adoption of unified Ministerial study plan. Now the responsibility of educational programs and corresponding study plans design in Ukraine is fully transferred to universities. The purpose of this study is to compare the structure and content of pharmacy study plans in Visegrad Group countries with the most recent unified Pharmacy study plan in Ukraine. Methods. The official documents of Warsaw Medical University, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Charles University, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Comenius University, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Semmelweis University and University of Debrecen were studied and data on required courses and corresponding ECTS credits extracted and compared with Ukrainian study plan. Results. Ukrainian unified study plan in Pharmacy pays much more attention to Humanity, Social and Economics section (9 ECTS credits plus 6 ECTS credits of Foreign Language), Computer and IT skills (8 ECTS credits), Hygiene and Ecology (3 ECTS credits), Life Safety, Labor Safety and Bioethics (6 ECTS credits in total), Extreme Medicine and Military Training (6 ECTS credits in total), Toxicological and Forensic Chemistry (4 ECTS credits), Organization and Economics of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Management and Marketing (12 ECTS credits in total) as compared to foreign universities. While natural science courses receive less ECTS credits in Ukraine, and some courses in rapidly evolving sciences like Molecular Biology, Immunology or Clinical Biochemistry are significantly underrepresented. Conclusions. The Pharmacy study plans of Visegrad Group universities show greater similarity with each other and tend to differ from the Ukrainian Ministerial study plan. The necessary steps to harmonize Pharmacy study plans of Ukrainian universities with V4 countries include the introduction of Molecular Biology, Immunology, Clinical Biochemistry courses, and strengthening the basic medical and chemical science courses like Human Anatomy and Physiology, Organic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Pharmacology, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry.

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Gergov, K., H. Burgazliev, E. Hristov, G. Shopov, and S. Ognyanov. "Employment of Students From Pharmaceutical Specialties – A Pilot, Retrospective-Prospective, Longitudinal, Questionnaire Survey in Two Centers in Bulgaria." Acta Medica Bulgarica 48, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2021-0025.

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Abstract Aim To investigate the employment, the desire to work, the work habits and preferences of the students from the pharmaceutical specialties in Bulgaria. Secondary objectives: To analyze the possibilities for employment, to assess its lawfulness, to analyze existing vicious practices, to establish the main problem in fitting together the academic learning process and the work activity. Materials and methods This was a pilot, retrospective-prospective, longitudinal survey in two centers. We developed a survey questionnaire containing 28 questions of both the open-ended and closed-ended types. The data collection was done using the “Direct individual poll” method. he target group consisted of 165 students from pharmaceutical specialties – pharmacy students from Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University “Sv. Kliment Ohridski”, and Bachelor-pharmacists from the Medical College, University “Prof. Dr. Assen Zlatarov”, Bourgas. The data were processed with the SPSS software. Results The results are presented in two parts: the first part refers to Bachelors of Pharmacy, and the second – to Masters of Pharmacy. In their majority, the pharmacy students work during their academic studies – 86.4%. The main stimulus for starting work is of financial origin. Of all students working, 56.8% were hired on an employment contract, while up to one-third worked without any contract at all. In the case of assistant pharmacists 4 45.3% of the respondents worked, and the majority of the respondents did it for financial reasons (66.7%). 86.2% had a signed employment contract, but 67.9% were insured on the basis of the minimum salary. Most commonly the students were working in the field of their future specialty in the pharmacy network. Conclusion The students indicated difficulties in the process of combining their work activity and their studies, a negative attitude to the legal framework and easily discernible negative attitude towards the main field of fulfillment also by the Masters of Pharmacy – working in a pharmacy.

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Mainka, David L., and Andreas Link. "Near-infrared spectroscopic identification and quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients in closed capsules: a feasibility study for pediatric doses." Analytical Methods 11, no. 40 (2019): 5185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ay01241a.

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Zhang, Hui, Qian Yun Zhang, and Hui Quan Jing. "Application for the Method of PBL in Pharmaceutical Chemistry Teaching." Advanced Materials Research 271-273 (July 2011): 1670–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.271-273.1670.

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To assess the effectiveness of assisted problem-based learning (PBL) compared to a didactic approach in a pharmaceutics course. The comparison was performed among 215 in a 3-year pharmacy program. They were divided into 2 groups, each consisting of about 107 students. The control group was identified as the ‘traditional teaching’ group and studied pharmaceutical chemistry under a didactic model. The experimental group was identified as the ‘PBL teaching’ group and studied similar object under accomplished learning model. At the end of the experiment, there was a questionnaire answered by the students to write their opinions on PBL teaching. The scores of the students in the final examination and the results of the questionnaire were statistically evaluated through SPSS 13.0. PBL students scored significantly higher on the final examinations than the traditional class students. Moreover, the results to the questionnaire show that students are more willing to learn through PBL. Introducing PBL into pharmaceutics improves educational quality and effectiveness. Digital PBL cases stimulate interest in self-learning and motivate students to learn by themselves.

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