Relevant bibliographies by topics / Power leveling

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Power leveling'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Power leveling"

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Murai, Akira, Norio Tahara, and Tsuyoshi Nakajima. "Power Leveling Using Ozone Storage Method." Ozone: Science & Engineering 27, no. 4 (2005): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01919510591008173.

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Murai, Akira, Norio Tahara, and Tsuyoshi Nakajima. "Ozone Storage Oriented to Power Load Leveling." Ozone: Science & Engineering 24, no. 3 (2002): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01919510208901608.

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Bobanova, Zhanna, Vladimir Petrenko, Natalia Tsyntsaru, and Alexandr Dikusar. "Leveling Power of Co-W and Fe-W Electrodeposited Coatings." Key Engineering Materials 813 (July 2019): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.248.

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The leveling power of gluconate and citrate electrolytes used to obtain the Co-W and Fe-W alloys was studied. The leveling power parameter P was calculated according to the results of profilographic measurements of microprofile carried out before and after deposition of the coating on surface. It was shown that deposition of said alloys occurs with preferential coating thickness increase on microprofile peaks and low microlevelling power.
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Oki, Reina, Yugo Tsuneoka, Shingo Yamaguchi, et al. "Proposal and Evaluation of an Equipment Operating Method Using Solar Radiation Prediction in a Zero Energy House." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911105003.

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Because of the increasing promotion of renewable energy such as photovoltaic (PV) panels in Japanese houses, the voltage increase and frequency adjustment of a city electrical distribution network sys-tem will be of concern. Therefore, self-consuming surplus electricity and leveling the reverse power flow is important in terms of reducing the smart grid network load and reducing the peak load of the smart grid network. The aim of this study was to acquire knowledge regarding methods of self-consuming surplus power as well as leveling the reverse power flow. An equipment operation method, termed “schedule control,” was proposed that changes the operational time of a heat pump water heater and the charging time of a storage battery according to solar radiation prediction. Because PV power fluctuates depending on weather and time zone, this method helps in self-consuming as much PV power generation as possible. By actual measurement and simulation results, it was confirmed that the schedule control of the heat pump water heater and storage battery was useful in self-consuming surplus power and leveling reverse power flow.
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Dai, Xingjian, Kunpeng Wei, and Xiaozhang Zhang. "Analysis of the Peak Load Leveling Mode of a Hybrid Power System with Flywheel Energy Storage in Oil Drilling Rig." Energies 12, no. 4 (2019): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040606.

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The load frequently oscillates in large amplitude like pulses when the draw-works lift or lower in the oil well drilling rig, and that makes the diesel engine run uneconomically. A new solution for the pulse load problem is to add a motor/generator set and a flywheel energy storage (FES) unit to the diesel engine mechanical drive system to form a hybrid power system with energy storage. The storage capacity of the power and energy, and the charging-discharging operation modes are discussed for the first time. The engine power output in frequent fluctuation was measured in the oil well drilling engineering practice. The configuration and the theoretical model of the hybrid power system with energy storage and peak load leveling were established. Furthermore, 1% to 12% saving of fuel is possible for the case of single engine in the load leveling running mode compared to bi-engines in a traditional running mode for the peak load between 900 to 1200 kW and the valley load between 200 to 600 kW. The experimental verification of the load leveling with FES confirmed that the diesel engine worked more smoothly with less smoke emission. In addition, 5% to 10% more fuel was consumed in the load leveling test compared to the traditional running mode with the drive-by 800 kW diesel engine. However, 21% fuel saving was obtained in the load leveling test with the drive-by 400 kW diesel generator.
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FUNAKUBO, Toshiaki, and Yasuhiro ENDO. "Threshold Determination Method for Power Leveling Based on Residual Quantity Transition of Energy Storage and Its Application to Power Leveling Control." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 49, no. 2 (2013): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr.49.255.

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Ganti, Vijay Chand, Bhim Singh, Shiv Kumar Aggarwal, and Tara Chandra Kandpal. "DFIG-Based Wind Power Conversion With Grid Power Leveling for Reduced Gusts." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 3, no. 1 (2012): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tste.2011.2170862.

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Singh, Rajkiran, Seyedfoad Taghizadeh, Nadia Mei Lin Tan, and Jagadeesh Pasupuleti. "Battery Energy Storage System for PV Output Power Leveling." Advances in Power Electronics 2014 (December 16, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/796708.

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Fluctuating photovoltaic (PV) output power reduces the reliability in power system when there is a massive penetration of PV generators. Energy storage systems that are connected to the PV generators using bidirectional isolated dc-dc converter can be utilized for compensating the fluctuating PV power. This paper presents a grid connected energy storage system based on a 2 kW full-bridge bidirectional isolated dc-dc converter and a PWM converter for PV output power leveling. This paper proposes two controllers: a current controller using the d-q synchronous reference and a phase-shift controller. The main function of the current controller is to regulate the voltage at the high-side dc, so that the voltage ratio of the high-voltage side (HVS) with low-voltage side (LVS) is equal to the transformer turns ratio. The phase-shift controller is employed to manage the charging and discharging modes of the battery based on PV output power and battery voltage. With the proposed system, unity power factor and efficient active power injection are achieved. The feasibility of the proposed control system is investigated using PSCAD simulation.
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Senjyu, Tomonobu, Daisuke Hayashi, Ryosei Sakamoto, Naomitu Urasaki, and Toshihisa Funabashi. "Generating Power Leveling of Renewable Energy for Small Power System in Isolated Island." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 125, no. 12 (2005): 1209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes.125.1209.

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Lizell, M. "DYNAMIC LEVELING A LOW POWER ACTIVE SUSPENSION WITH ADAPTATIVE CONTROL." Vehicle System Dynamics 20, sup1 (1992): 385–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00423119208969411.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Power leveling"

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Wickham, M. E. "DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADVANCED MICROWAVE POWER LEVELING LOOP." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615548.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1985 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada
An advanced microwave power leveling loop (MPLL) was conceived, designed, fabricated, tested, and used during spacecraft in-orbit testing. The primary function of the MPLL is to maintain constant RF power transmitted from an earth station antenna during spacecraft in-orbit transponder testing. The MPLL utilizes nonlinear analog electronics with flexible signal path routing under microprocessor control. It achieves a power control dynamic range of greater than 50 dB with better than 0.1 dB of control resolution. Power level step changes of 20 dB can be accomplished in under 10 ms. The MPLL is IEEE-488 bus controllable and is designed for use in automated in-orbit test systems to facilitate the measurement process and produce more repeatable results than have previously been possible. Measurements performed with the aid of the MPLL include transponder frequency response, group delay, gain, and saturation level. The system can also be operated in a manual mode, and utilizes state-ofthe-art human interfacing techniques such as a display/entry panel and a rotary encoder control knob. This paper describes the MPLL design process, including computer simulation work and breadboard testing. Performance and temperature chamber test results are presented for breadboard and manufactured units.
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Spaizman, Daniel. "Grid-Scale Energy Storage: A Proposed Control Algorithm for Sodium Sulfur Batteries." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1279.

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With carbon dioxide levels in our atmosphere reaching record highs and 2020 quickly approaching, California is expected to pave the way for the United States in terms of replacing fossil fuel generation facilities with various renewable energy power plants. It is well documented that the inherent variability and limited duty cycle of renewables has hindered their growth. Energy storage technologies represent the bridge that can help us cross the divide from where we stand to where we must stand in the next 6 years. Utility companies value services such as peak shaving, voltage support, and frequency regulation, all of which energy storage technologies can provide. Commercial and residential clients’ of the utility will begin to install their own storage systems once properly incentivized. In this paper, a control algorithm for Sodium Sulfur batteries is proposed with hopes that the aforementioned services will be provided to the utilities while system owners realize profit.
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Diko, Mpho. "An investigation into the use of the vanadium redox flow energy storage system for peak-shaving and load-leveling." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53276.

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Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigates the credibility of the vanadium redox flow energy storage system, sometimes termed vanadium redox battery (VRB). The focus is on the use of this technology in peak-shaving and load-leveling applications. The initial problem is to find a suitable mathematical model for representing the daily load profile. A sinusoidal function is identified as an elementary approximation of the first order. Due to the periodicity characteristics that are inherent in a daily load profile, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm is identified as a mathematical model that closely resembles a load profile. The main theme in this thesis is the determination of an optimal solution during the peak-shaving process. In this particular context, the optimal solution refers to the following: With the energy capacity of the VRB and the power rating of the entire system considered as the constraints, the interest is on (i) the constant power that the VRB can deliver in order to bring down the maximum demand quite significantly, (ii) and the time interval in which this constant power is delivered. Therefore, the VRB power delivered during peak-shaving (PVRB) and the corresponding time interval are the main two parameters under consideration in the optimization process. The mathematical algorithm that can be used to determine suitable values for these two parameters is developed. Maple" V 5.1 is used for determining the solution analytically. The obtained results are verified by simulation with Excel". The investigation into the economic benefits that may be derived from the utilization of the vanadium energy storage device is also presented.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die waarde en toepassing van die vadium "redox" vloei energie stoorstelsel (VRB). Die fokus is op die gebruik van hierdie tegnologie om pieklas te verminder en om laste meer egalig te maak. Die aanvanklike probleem is om 'n geskikte wiskundige model vir die daaglikse las-profiel te kry. Deur gebruik te maak van sinus-komponente en die toepassing van die Vinnige Fourier Transform (FFT) is hierdie probleem opgelos. Die hooftema van hierdie werk is om 'n analitiese oplossing te vind vir die optimale toepassing van die konsep vir pieklas vermindering. In hierdie konteks verwys die optimale oplossing na die volgende: Met die gegewe verrnoe van die VRB stelsel en drywingsvermoe van die kragelektronika is die vrae rondom (i) die konstante drywing wat die VRB kan lewer om die maksimum aanvraag van die las beduidend te verminder en (ii) die tydsduur waarin dit plaasvind. Dus is die twee veranderlikes waarvoor oplossings in die optimale proses gesoek word die drywing (PVRS) en die tyd-interval daarvan. Die wiskundige algoritme is met die hulp van Maple® V5.1 ontwikkel. Die resultate is daarna met behulp van simulasies in Excel® getoets. 'n Analise van die moontlike ekonomiese voordele is ook ondersoek.
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Henningsson, Nils, and Marcus Sjöberg. "Nivellerande vinschsystem till ett vågkraftverk." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264430.

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Detta projekt undersöker konstruktionsmöjligheterna för ett nivellerande vinschsystem till ett vågkraftverk. Kedjekonstruktionen till detta vinschsystem består av länkar med låg tolerans för vrid- och skjuvspänningar och har begränsad böjlighet vilket innebär att vinschsystemet behöver kunna vinkelkompensera för att kedjan inte ska brista. Initialt togs flera koncept fram genom att utvärdera en kravspecifikation och se vilka problem som fanns. Dessa konceptförslag modellerades sedan i Solid Edge och en ny utvärdering gjordes där förslagen utvärderades med avseende på komplexitet, vinkelstyrning, servicebarhet och energiåtgång från styrsystemen. Det förslag som var mest lovande utifrån denna utvärdering består av en vagga i vilken vinschtrumman är upphängd. Lutningen av denna vagga kan styras av två motorer och rotationsrörelsen styrs av ett rälssystem med boggier. Detta förslag vidareutvecklades sedan med hjälp av ANSYS Workbench för att göra konstruktionen lättare, undersöka utmattningsproblem samt se var spänningskoncentrationer uppstår. Från denna analys togs kravprofiler fram för ett antal komponenter som konstruktionen kräver för att kunna drivas. Vidare analys av växel, motor, lager samt energiåtgång kommer krävas för att utvärdera om hurvida konstruktionen är lönsam att bygga.
This project examines the design possiblilites for a self-leveling winch system for a wave power converter. The chain design for this winch consists of links with limited resistance to torsional shear and bending shear stress and with limited bending capabilities, which requires the winch construction to be able to compensate for angular changes to prevent the chain from breaking. Initially several designs were made by evaluating a specification of requirements and by examining the problems facing a winch based wave power converter. These designs were modelled in Solid Edge and evaluated based on complexity, angular steering, servicability and energy requirements for the control systems. The most promising of these designs is composed of a cradle in which the winch drum is mounted. The inclination of the cradle is controlled by electric motors and the rotation is controlled by a rail system with boggies. The design was then further improved upon by utilising ANSYS Workbench to decrease the mass of the design, examining problems related to fatigue failure, and studying stress concentrations. Based on this analysis a set of requirements were specified for a number of key components required for controlling the winch system. Further analysis of the transmission, motor, bearings and energy requirements for the control systems will be needed to evaluate wether the design is profitable to build.
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Bergman, Anton, Robin Eriksson, and Lars-Fredrik Grahn. "Self-levelling Platform Concept for a Winch-based, Single Point Absorbing, Wave Energy Converter." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Avd.), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-273720.

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This report covers a bachelor thesis project to design a concept for a levelling system to a point absorbing wave energy converter that uses a winch with a chain, which has restricted capabilities to bending and thus requires a system which compensates for this. First of all, a literature study was made to see if there were any technologies that could be used, and also a wide search for information about the wave conditions in the Baltic sea were performed to find what requirements would be necessary for the concept to be able to withstand the conditions faced there. Following this, several brainstorming sessions were had to get ideas for different types of constructions that could solve the problem. After multiple ideas had been conceptualized, they were rated in a Pugh matrix with five different criteria which were: 1. mechanical complexity 2. complexity of required motion control 3. complexity of the structure 4. amount of potential critical weak points 5. mass of the system and lastly 6. how symmetrical it could be made. The concept that was deemed most viable out of all them is a cradle that holds the winch-drum and is controlled by a motor to compensate for one angular shift, and this is paired with a mooring system that limits the yawing motion of the entire buoy and thus removes the need for the compensation of that angle. This concept was then modelled in Solid Edge and following this; a stress analysis was made to determine the forces that would act upon the system. These were then used to determine whether the system would live up to the requirements or not with fatigue calculations. Lastly a list of recommended future work is presented.
Denna rapport täcker ett kandidatarbetsprojekt för att utforma ett koncept för ett nivelleringssystem till ett punktabsorberande vågkraftverk som använder en kedjevinsch med begränsad kapacitet till böjning och därmed kräver ett system som kompenserar för detta. Först gjordes en litteraturstudie för att se om det fanns teknik som kunde användas, och även en bred sökning efter information om vågförhållandena i Östersjön gjordes för att hitta vilka krav som skulle vara nödvändiga för att konceptet skulle kunna motstå dessa förhållanden. Efter detta hölls flera brainstormingssessioner för att få idéer för olika typer av konstruktioner som kunde lösa problemet. Efter att flera idéer hade konceptualiserats, bedömdes de i en Pugh-matris med fem olika kriterier som var: 1. mekanisk komplexitet 2. komplexitet för krävd rörelsekontroll 3. Strukturellkomplexitet 4. Antalet potentiella svaga punkter 5. Massan på systemet och slutligen 6. Hur symmetriskt systemet kunde göras. Det koncept som bedömdes vara mest genomförbart av dem alla var en vagga som håller vinschtrumman och styrs av en motor för att kompensera för en vinkelförskjutning, och detta är kombinerat med ett förtöjningssystem som begränsar girrörelsen för hela bojen och tar således bort behovet av kompensation av den vinkeln. Detta koncept modellerades sedan med Solid Edge och efter detta gjordes en kraftanalys för att bestämma krafterna som skulle agera på systemet. Dessa användes sedan för att bestämma om systemet skulle uppfylla kraven eller inte med utmattningsberäkningar. Till sist presenteras en lista med framtida arbete som rekommenderar.
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Adler, Jeanette. "Film Formation and Surface Tension Studies of Powder Coatings." Thesis, KTH, Fibre and Polymer Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3935.

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In industrial use of paint systems a swift processing is crucial. Another very important issue is to improve the quality of the final coating. This report investigates the film formation process of powder coatings, specially the spreading of individual powder particles. The obtained results can be used to understand and control the film formation process. In this way the desired levelling can be achieved and thus the desired gloss or other surface characteristics that may be required. This means that the method could be used when evaluating different polymer and additive combinations that could be used to change film formation behaviour or curing time for powder coating systems to suit various substrates. It makes it possible to avoid and minimize different surface defects as orange peel or cratering in the powder coated film.

We used a reflection optical microscope to better understand the film formation process and especially the spreading of a powder melt on surfaces with various surface energies. The obtained data were: the particle diameter, the area, area ratio and the contact angle of the powder particle as a function of time and temperature. This information can be used to derive the surface tension of any powder melt.

In this report we evaluate the dependencies of temperature, heat rate and surface energy for powder coatings on different substrates. The method provides information that can be used to optimize the film formation of a specific powder coating/substrate combination. This method can be used to evaluate the powder spreading and levelling on different substrates from a surface tension point of view.

We found, as expected, that the powder flows out on a hydrophilic surface and is inhibited by a hydrophobic. The increase of the area ratio on a hydrophilic surface was about five times as the initial area coverage and on a hydrophobic surface only two times the initial area coverage. The contact angle between the melted powder particle on the different surface types could be calculated. The melt surface tension could be calculated since three substrates surfaces with various surface energies were used. The melt surface tension was found to be about 18.5 mN/m.


Sammanfattning

Vid industriell användning av ett färgsystem är det viktigt med en snabb och smidig målningsprocess. En viktig del är att förbättra kvaliteten på den färdiga ytan. Denna rapport undersöker filmbildningsprocessen för pulverfärg, närmare bestämt spridningen av individuella pulverpartiklar. Resultaten från utvärderingen av denna metod kan användas för att bättre förstå och få kontroll över filmbildningsprocessen. Med denna undersökningsmetod kan den önskade utslätningen uppnås och därmed den önskade glansen eller annan yteffekt som kan vara önskvärd.

Metoden kan användas för att utvärdera olika polymer- och additivkombinationer som kan användas för att ändra filmbildningens uppförande eller bestämma härdningstiden för en pulverfärg att passa ett visst substrat. Metoden gör det möjligt att förhindra och minska olika ytdefekter såsom apelsinskals- eller kratereffekter i pulverfärgens yta.

Ett optiskt reflectionsmikroskop användes för att bättre kunna förstå filmbildningsprocessen och särskilt spridningen av smält pulver på substrat med olika ytenergier. De mätdata vi fick var partikeldiameter, area, areaförändring och kontaktvinkeln för pulverpartiklar som funktion av tid och temperatur. Ur denna information kunde pulversmältans ytenergier härledas.

I denna rapport utvärderas pulvrets beroende av temperatur, uppvärmning och ytenergi på olika substrat. Denna metod ger information som kan användas för att optimera filmbildningen av en specifik kombination av pulverfärg och substrat. Denna metod kan också användas för att utvärdera pulverspridning och utjämning av färgfilmen på olika substrat med avseende på ytenergierna.

Som förväntat flyter pulvret ut på hydrofila ytor och utflytningen ändras på en hydrofob yta. På en hydrofil yta sprider sig partikeln till fem gånger den ursprungliga arean över substratet och motsvarande två gånger för en hydrofob yta. Kontaktvinkeln mellan en smält pulverpartikel på olika sorters substrat från utförda mätningar beräknas utifrån utförda mätningar. Kontaktvinklar mellan pulver och olika substrat kan användas för att beräkna smältans ytspänning. Smältans ytspänning kan beräknas då experiment gjorts på tre sorters ytor med olika kända ytenergier. Smältans ytspänning var 18,5 mN/m.

Slutsatsen är att det går att observera och utvärdera resultaten av utsmältningsförloppet för pulverfärg med denna metod.

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Djebarri, Sofiane. "Contribution à la modélisation et à la conception optimale de génératrices à aimants permanents pour hydroliennes." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0012/document.

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L'amélioration des performances des chaînes de conversion dédiées à la récupération d'énergie par les hydroliennes est un point particulièrement important pour rendre cette ressource économiquement attractive. La minimisation du coût de l'énergie produite passe nécessairement par une amélioration des performances de la chaîne de conversion électromécanique et une réduction des coûts de maintenance et de production des éléments la constituant. Dans ce contexte particulier, les génératrices à aimants permanents apparaissent particulièrement intéressantes dans la mesure où elles sont bien adaptées à un fonctionnement à basse vitesse et à fort couple. Ceci permet d'éliminer des systèmes mécaniques très complexes, encombrants et exigeants en maintenance, tels que le multiplicateur de vitesse et/ou le système d'orientation des pales. L'objectif de cette thèse est d’explorer un certain nombre de pistes concernant les outils, les concepts et les règles de conception à mettre en oeuvre pour dimensionner une génératrice associée en entraînement direct à une turbine hydrolienne à pas fixe. Les outils mis au point dans ces travaux englobent des modèles multi-physiques intégrés dans une démarche de conception qui se veut la plus globale possible. Cette méthodologie tient compte de la caractéristique de la ressource (courants de marées), de celle de la turbine (hélice), des spécifications de la génératrice à aimants permanents, de la mise en oeuvre d’une stratégie de pilotage associant MPPT et limitation de puissance par défluxage à fort courants de marées, en plus des contraintes liées au convertisseur. L'environnement de conception développé est basé sur un couplage des modèles dans une procédure d'optimisation. Les résultats obtenus mettent en lumière les points clés associés au développement d’une telle génératrice pour un contexte hydrolien
The improvements of marine current turbines drive train are key features to ensure safe operation and to make tidal energy resource cost-attractive. In this context, eliminating mechanical systems that demand high-level of maintenance can be an interesting way to improve the global behavior of tidal turbines. For that purposes, the presented studies focus on design methodologies and concepts of direct-driven generators associated with fixed-pitch turbines. The proposed designs are based on multiphysics models of the generator that are integrated in an optimization process taking into account the drive train environment. For these reasons, several models have been integrated into a global design strategy in order to find solutions that improve marine current turbines performances. This strategy is based on the use of an optimization process that combines electromagnetic model, thermal model, turbine performances model, and tidal resource velocity profile. This methodology integrates also an efficient control strategy based on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) approach at low tidal speed and a flux-weakening power limitation control at high tidal speed. This control at high tidal velocities is in this work achieved by considering only the generator electrical control without using blade pitching systems. The obtained results highlight trends that could lead to an improvement of the design and they help designers to set relevant technological choices in order to ensure significant cost reduction and highly improve the reliability of marine current turbines
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Elnashar, Mohab. "Enabling High Wind Penetration in Electrical Grids." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6425.

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Wind generation has become one of the most popular choices of technology for adding new generation capacity to power systems worldwide. Several factors have contributed to the increased integration of wind generation, including environmental concerns and the continual increase in fossil fuel prices. As well, recent regulations have moved toward limitations on greenhouse gases, especially in the European Union (EU). Similar laws are currently under consideration in the US and other parts of the world. Other factors have also promoted the use of wind energy, such as advances in manufacturing and control technology and the attractiveness of wind as a “green” source of energy. The large-scale integration of wind power into an electricity system introduces planning and operational challenges because of the intermittent nature of wind speed and the difficulty involved in predicting it. For these reasons, wind energy is often considered an unreliable energy source. Additional problems are associated with the integration of large-scale wind farms into an electrical grid, among which wind power fluctuation is the most challenging. To maximize the penetration level of wind energy in a grid, a reliable technology must be developed in order to eliminate or at least decrease wind power fluctuation. The primary goal of this thesis was to develop methods of maximizing the penetration level of wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) into a grid, which requires mitigating wind power fluctuation. A robust control technique has therefore been developed for mitigating wind power fluctuation. This control technique exploits historical environmental data collected over a number of years in order to evaluate the profile of the output power of a variety of wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). The developed control technique was applied to Types A and C WECSs modifying the pitch angle controller of Type A WECS and the back-to-back converter control of Type C WECS. The Attachment of a storage device to the WECSs after the control technique is applied was investigated from both an economic and a technical point of view. The optimum sizing and siting of the wind energy conversion system equipped with the proposed control technique was also studied. This research is expected to contribute to the advancement of WECS technology by presenting a feasible solution to the problems associated with the integration of large-scale WECSs into electrical grids.
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Books on the topic "Power leveling"

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Saxman, Donald. Electric utility leveling: U.S. technology and markets. Business Communications Co., 2001.

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Wrathall, Mark A., ed. Heidegger on the Connection between Nihilism, Technology, Art, and Politics (1992). Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796220.003.0010.

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Dreyfus defines nihilism as the leveling of all meaningful differences, as a result of which existence no longer has inherent meaning. Human existence loses its goal or direction, and thus nothing can have authority for us, make a claim on us, or demand a commitment from us. Dreyfus follows Heidegger in arguing that modern nihilism is ultimately rooted in background practices that subject everything—including our moral knowledge—to detached reflection. We rightly celebrate our ability to get everything clear and under control—an ability fostered by foreground practices as diverse as power stations, the fast food industry, and global information technologies. But these practices for the total organization of the world depend on our background practices revealing everything as a resource to be optimized and controlled.
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Book chapters on the topic "Power leveling"

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Weik, Martin H. "power leveling." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_14414.

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Weik, Martin H. "refractive-index power leveling." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_15874.

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Duggal, Prakhar, R. K. Tomar, and N. D. Kaushika. "Enhancement of Incident Solar Energy on Panels and Indoor Load Leveling Due to Seasonal Adjustment of Rooftop Solar PV Arrays." In Advances in Solar Power Generation and Energy Harvesting. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3635-9_17.

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Varga, L. "Stochastic Scheduling for Risk-Levelling Maintenance Scheduling in Electric Power Systems." In European Consortium for Mathematics in Industry. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09834-8_58.

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"Fuel Cell Network System Considering Reduction in Fuel Cell Capacity Using Load Leveling and Heat Release Loss." In Power Systems. Springer London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-340-8_4.

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Ferguson, Robert A. "Do Americans Like to Punish?" In Metamorphosis. Yale University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300230833.003.0003.

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This chapter addresses the question of whether Americans like to punish. The United States clearly punishes more heavily and for longer periods than other countries, with comparable social and political values. One can land in an American prison for life over minor offenses—a punishment not used for serious offenses in Western Europe. The leading comparativist on criminology, James Whitman, argues that a politics of dignity has instilled mercy and mildness in European systems, while leveling impulses, distrust of authority, and too much power in the people is said to have left the United States with a criminal justice system long in degradation and short on mercy.
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Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald, and Dustin Avent-Holt. "Expanding the Moral Circle." In Relational Inequalities. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190624422.003.0009.

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Relational inequality theory (RIT) is summarized, and its implications for social science practice, data collection, and causal attributions are outlined. To advance equality and justice agendas RIT also implies a series of global goals including moving from tribalism to universalism, from hierarchy to citizenship rights, and from markets to human dignity. Robotic recipes, particularly the religious reliance on market solutions, economic growth, and expanding education, will not solve the problems associated with rising inequality and the denial of human dignity. At the center of all three goals is the leveling of categorical distinctions and their associated status and power differentials and simultaneously making human dignity the central cultural framework through which organizational decisions should be made and policy goals identified.
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Andreas, Joel. "Reforming the Work Unit System." In Disenfranchised. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190052607.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 looks at the impact on factory governance of the initial reforms carried out during the first decade and a half after Mao’s death in 1976. These reforms left the fundamental features of the work unit system—public ownership and permanent job tenure—in place, and institutional forms of participation, including staff and workers congresses, were revived and enhanced. During the “long 1980s” workers enjoyed substantial influence, especially with regard to the distribution of wages and bonuses, housing, and other welfare entitlements. Although the Chinese Communist Party had by then renounced its original class-leveling mission, workers effectively resisted new distribution policies that violated the egalitarian ethos that had long prevailed under the work unit system. The latter years of this period, however, also marked the beginning of the erosion of industrial citizenship as temporary employment was expanded and the power of the factory director was reinforced in the second half of the decade.
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Culliney, John L., and David Jones. "The Quickening of Chemistry." In The Fractal Self. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824866617.003.0003.

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For billions of years, competition and cooperation (or attractive forces) oscillated in influence in the evolution of the universe. Consistently, the latter prevailed with a slight edge in that affinitive entities in the universe were free to associate, bond, assemble, facilitate, and cooperate, rise above the leveling action of competition, and generate emergence on progressively higher levels: chemical, biological, and social. This chapter returns to cooperation and examines its constructive power in what might be termed ascendant chemistry—the self-organization of molecules and catalysis that led through pathways of burgeoning complexity to the threshold of biology and the evolution of life on earth. Against the illogic of “creation science,” modern biochemical research illuminates how life arose as an assemblage of complex molecules with strong cooperative tendencies within and among themselves. Carbon’s capacity to build with itself and other elements tremendously variable molecular structures with interlocking functions—most notably of the four basic complex chemicals of life: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)—ultimately led to the evolution of living cells.
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Gardner, Hunter H. "Imperial Receptions." In Pestilence and the Body Politic in Latin Literature. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796428.003.0006.

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Chapter 6 explores the appropriation of late Republican and Augustan treatments of pestilence in Imperial literature. Seneca’s version of Oedipus’ tragedy turns to Latin epic, rather than Sophocles, to articulate conditions of pestilence in Thebes. This language reflects upon Oedipus’ traditional role as φαρμακός‎, both infected “carrier” and saviour to the civic body, clarifying how competing claims of individuality and collectivity have determined the pathology of earlier literary treatments of plague. By inscribing plague within a text that questions standards of good government, Seneca secures the role of contagion as a tool for examining the health of the body politic in Neronian Rome. The epics of Silius Italicus and Lucan also invoke the plagues of their predecessors in contexts of Roman civil discord, and use the plague’s power to enact the dissolution of individual identity as a way of indicting competition for political distinction. Lucan relies on the symptomology of his predecessors in his account of pestilence afflicting Pompey’s soldiers, but emphasizes the link between contagion and internal conflict by casting both the disease and the fervour for civil war as rabies. Silius, in the Punica, describes an outbreak of pestilence during the Punic Wars that brings about widespread destruction. But in answer to the status-leveling and dehumanizing effects characterizing preceding plague narratives, he depicts the Roman general Marcellus escaping the plague and recovering distinction or “exemplarity” in a way that does not threaten the health of the body politic.
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Conference papers on the topic "Power leveling"

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Hatori. "A power management approach for load leveling." In 2003. 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing - EcoDesign'03. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecodim.2003.1322695.

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Hatori, M. "A power management approach for load leveling." In 2003 IEEE 58th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC 2003-Fall (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37484). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2003.239861.

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Sun, Chungeng, Jianhua Wei, Jinhui Fang, Chengzhang Huang, and Mingjie Li. "Co-Simulation ADAMS-Simulink for Analysis of Passive Four-Point Leveling System of the Hydraulic Press." In BATH/ASME 2016 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2016-1725.

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The four-point leveling hydraulic system (FLHS) is a key component of high-precision hydraulic press. To meet the development trend of leveling system of hydraulic press, such as large stroke, anti-bias load ability, big leveling torque, principle of passive FLHS with four axis synchronous controlling has been proposed, using four high-precision displacement sensors and four high-response servo-proportional valves (HSPV). Because the HSPV has a certain predictive opening, during the process of passive leveling operating, linearization of the mathematic model at operating point is necessary. In this paper, a simulation model of the system, which uses the average type synchronous control strategy, is built with ADAMS and MATLAB / Simulink, as well as the operational parameters of the model. The result of the simulation shows that the system using the average type synchronous control strategy is able to ensure the synchronization error among the four axis of the leveling system. It also suggests that the proposed leveling and the control strategy are reasonable, effective and feasible.
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Hamasaki, Shin-ichi, Hirotaka Fukuda, Yoshihiro Yano, and Mineo Tsuji. "Deadbeat control of power leveling system with EDLC." In INTELEC 2015 - 2015 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intlec.2015.7572313.

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Singh, Bhim, Ram Niwas, Ambrish Chandra, and Rezkallah Miloud. "Voltage control and load leveling of synchronous reluctance generator based DG set." In 2014 6th IEEE Power India International Conference (PIICON). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/poweri.2014.7117611.

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Bertoluzzo, Manuele, Giuseppe Buja, and Mattia Forato. "Transferred Power Leveling/Energy Maximization in Dynamic WPT Systems." In IECON 2018 - 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2018.8591222.

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Martens, J. "Improved power leveling in mm-wave/sub-THz systems." In 2012 42nd European Microwave Conference (EuMC 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eumc.2012.6459409.

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Zhang, Bin, Tatsuya Matsumoto, Koji Morita, et al. "Numerical Simulation of the Self-Leveling Phenomenon by Modified SIMMER-III." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54684.

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During a hypothetical core-disruptive accident in a sodium-cooled FBR, degraded core material can form debris beds on the core-support structure and/or in the lower inlet plenum of the reactor vessel, due to the rapid quenching and fragmentation of the core material melt. Heat convection and vaporization of the sodium will lead ultimately to leveling the debris bed that is of crucial importance to the relocation of the molten core, the recriticality evaluation and the heat removal capability of the debris bed. There is, therefore, a great need for more studies focusing on this topic, especially the much needed numerical simulation. The widely-used fast reactor safety analysis code, SIMMER-III, has difficulties in this simulation because of the lack of modeling for mechanistic interactions among particles in the current version. However, the extensive experimental analysis and the previously-proposed analytical model provide SIMMER-III the possibility of taking consideration of the extra influence of solid particles in this phenomenon. Thus, the debris fluidization model and the boiling regulation model are proposed and introduced into SIMMER-III. Calculations, by the modified SIMMER-III, against several representative experiments with typical self-leveling behavior have been performed and compared with the evaluated items recorded in experiments. The good agreements on these items suggest the modified SIMMER-III can simulate the self-leveling behavior with reasonable precision, especially on the onset of self-leveling, although further model improvement is necessary to represent the transient behavior of bed leveling more reasonably.
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Nakamura, M., K. Takeno, and M. Shoyama. "Electric Load Leveling Method for Green Base Station." In 2019 IEEE 13th International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peds44367.2019.8998867.

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Mokhtari, G., G. Nourbakhsh, and A. Ghosh. "Load leveling in LV network using coordianted Energy Storage Units." In 2013 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aupec.2013.6725378.

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