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Journal articles on the topic 'Power systems protection'

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1

Borghetti, Alberto, and Shigeru Yokoyama. "Lightning protection of power systems." Electric Power Systems Research 85 (April 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2011.07.014.

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2

Hurst, S. L. "Digital protection for power systems." Microelectronics Journal 28, no. 2 (1997): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-2692(97)83465-9.

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3

Goh, Hui Hwang, Sy yi Sim, Dahir Khere Diblawe, et al. "Energy Power Plant in Electric Power Distribution Systems Equipping With Distance Protection." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 8, no. 1 (2017): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp192-198.

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<p>This paper suggests the theory of distance protection criteria in power distribution systems for power plant generation. Multi-developed countries have energy power plants that placed in remote areas which are far from the grid line. Hence, they should be coupled to the low power transportation systems necessarily. While higher-rating relays are adopted to preserve feeders at power substations, fuses are merely obtainable outside on feeder channel. The safe system process, space protection is dispatched to save feeders. In this review, feeders with distance relays are equipped, togeth
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4

Kularatna, Nihal. "Power Conditioning and Power Protection for Electronic Systems." Energies 16, no. 6 (2023): 2671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16062671.

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5

Ukil, Abhisek. "Recent Patents in Power Systems Protection." Recent Patents on Electrical Engineeringe 1, no. 2 (2008): 164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874476110801020164.

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6

Blaabjerg, Frede, Yongheng Yang, Dongsheng Yang, and Xiongfei Wang. "Distributed Power-Generation Systems and Protection." Proceedings of the IEEE 105, no. 7 (2017): 1311–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2696878.

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7

Guerrero, Josep M., Luis Garcia De Vicuna, and Javier Uceda. "Uninterruptible power supply systems provide protection." IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 1, no. 1 (2007): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mie.2007.357184.

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8

Tuyou, Si, Wu Jiekang, Yuan Weideng, and Du Anan. "Power supply risk assessment method for relay protection system faults." Archives of Electrical Engineering 65, no. 4 (2016): 803–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2016-0056.

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Abstract The influence and the potential risk due to hidden faults of a relay protection system on power supply in distribution systems are paid more and more attention to. A probability analysis method is used to analyse fault characteristics and action mechanism of dominant faults, hidden misoperation and non-operation of the relay protection systems, and failure probability model of relay protection system is constructed and simplified. The effects of dominant faults, hidden misoperation and non-operation of the relay protection systems on the reduced power supply load power are analysed, a
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9

Djibo, Marounfa `., Paul Moses, and Ike Flory. "Fault Protection Considerations for MVDC Shipboard Power Systems Operating with Pulsed-Power Loads." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 16 (August 2, 2021): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2021.16.14.

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Medium Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) power distribution architectures are of immense interest for various shipboard power applications due to their advantages over classical MVAC distribution systems with respect to power quality, power density, and efficiency. However, MVDC are far away from maturity when compared to MVAC with respect to fault detection and isolation. Currently, there are no standards available for applying MVDC protection systems in shipboard applications. Furthermore, due to the absence of zero crossings in DC waveforms and unique transient fault signatures, it is challengi
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10

El-Sayed, Salah K., and Hassan S. Mohamed. "Enhancing the performance of distance protection relays using interactive control system." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 1 (2019): 411–19. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i1.pp411-419.

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Improvement of automation systems for electrical power system network became essential for increasing the realiability of power transmission during any disturbance. In most substations the settings of Distance Relays (DRs) are set manually which depends on human experience this may be led to undesirable operations. Any power transmission system may subjected to shortens and loss of adjusting its protection setting, DRs in protection systems are responsible for protecting High voltage transmission lines from short circuit, power swing, and load encroachment, A proposes automation system archite
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11

Ferrarini, Luca, Leonardo Ambrosi, and Emanuele Ciapessoni. "SAFETY AND RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR POWER SYSTEMS." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 5 (2006): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20060607-3-it-3902.00070.

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12

Szablicki, Mateusz, Piotr Rzepka, and Adrian Halinka. "Simulation Verification of Overcurrent Protection Operation in Power Networks Integrating Renewable Energy Sources in Energy Communities." Energies 14, no. 8 (2021): 2193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082193.

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This publication discusses the risks of further use of classical overcurrent protections in modern power systems. The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources has caused a lot of challenges, among other things, the development of energy communities that balance local generation and consumption. Usually the interconnection line between the energy community and power systems are only used to balance the shortage or overflow of energy. As a result, most of the time these connections can be low loaded. Such a state can cause incorrect operation of power system protection approached, beca
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13

Wojtowicz, Robert, Ryszard Kowalik, and Desire D. Rasolomampionona. "Next Generation of Power System Protection Automation—Virtualization of Protection Systems." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 33, no. 4 (2018): 2002–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2017.2786339.

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14

Pana, L. "Simulation of protection functions in LV shipboard electrical power systems." Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XXV, no. 1 (2022): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-22-i1-001.

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The basic function of a shipboard electric power systems is to supply all consumers, both essential and non-essential, with electrical energy, as economically as possible and with an acceptable degree of quality. A shipboard electrical power system comprises three principal subsystems: generation (naval power plant-island mode plant), distribution and protection and automation. During operation all these subsystems may be affected by faults. In this aim all electrical installations on shipboards are to be protected against over-currents due to short- circuits or accidental overloads. The new A
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15

KARCZ (kacper.karcz@itwl.pl), Kacper, Andrzej SITKIEWICZ (andrzej.sitkiewicz@itwl.pl), Janusz BŁASZCZYK (janusz.blaszczyk@itwl.pl), and Zygmunt MIERCZYK (zygmunt.mierczyk@wat.edu.pl). "New Electromagnetic Threat Protection Systems." Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering 14, no. 4 (2023): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1648.

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The issues discussed in the article refer to a new category of military operations - electronic warfare (EW). In the context of EW, the high-power microwave (HPM) technology currently enables remote disturbances of operations lasting until the circuit is reset or the electronic system is destroyed. The article examines the problem of protection and defence against using HPM pulses. The research used a compact HPM generator developed at the Polish National Centre for Nuclear Research. It has a power of 3MW, an operating frequency of 2.9 GHz and a 3 μs pulse duration, emitted with a repetition r
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16

Hong, Yang. "Study on Power Systems Protection via Digital Relaying." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 3489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.3489.

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Power systems need an auxiliary system that must take corrective actions on the occurrence of a fault. One of the most important equipments employed in the protection of power systems are protective relays. These are one of the most flexible, economic and well-known devices that provide reliable, fast and inexpensive protection. In this paper, we introduce a new method to protect the power system by digital relaying.
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17

J. Armstrong, Michael, and Christine A.H. Ross. "Power and protection considerations for TeDP microgrid systems." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 86, no. 6 (2014): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-04-2014-0049.

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18

Ramaswami, R., and P. F. McGuire. "Navigating a protection-engineering database [for power systems]." IEEE Computer Applications in Power 2, no. 2 (1989): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/67.24938.

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19

Kauhaniemi, Kimmo. "Protection and Communication Techniques in Modern Power Systems." Energies 16, no. 5 (2023): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052304.

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20

Shirokov, Nikolaj V. "PREVENTIVE PROTECTION OF AUTONOMOUS ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS FROM GENERATORS REVERSE POWER." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 12, no. 4 (2020): 789–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2020-12-4-789-800.

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21

Nguyen, Thai-Thanh, Woon-Gyu Lee, Hak-Man Kim, and Hyung Yang. "Fault Analysis and Design of a Protection System for a Mesh Power System with a Co-Axial HTS Power Cable." Energies 13, no. 1 (2020): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010220.

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The uses of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables pose a challenge of power system protection since the impedance of the HTS cable is varied during fault conditions. The protection systems should be designed properly to ensure the reliability and stability of the whole system. This paper presents a fault analysis of the co-axial HTS cable in the mesh system and proposes a coordinated protection system. In the proposed protection system, the main protection is the differential current relay whereas the backup protections are the overcurrent and directional overcurrent relays. The normal
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22

Romanov, Leonid, Svetlana Pogodina, and Oleg Kryukov. "FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITIES OF RELAY PROTECTION AND AUTOMATION SYSTEMS OF DIGITAL SUBSTATIONS." Energy Systems 8, no. 3 (2023): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/es.2023.3.006.

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A comprehensive analysis of the data on the technical accounting of the functioning of electrical relay protection complexes in the unified national electric power grid of Russia is presented, thanks to which the main types, causes and patterns of incorrect and emergency operation of the entire range of protections are established. An approach to the potential transition to servicing industrial electric power facilities based on the use of the entire set of relay protection functionality to solve the problems of automating maintenance procedures on a new hardware and methodological basis is pr
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23

sudhakar, Puladasu, Dr Sushama Malaji, and Dr B. Sarvesh. "Protection issues of Power Systems with PV Systems Based Distributed Generation." IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 9, no. 3 (2014): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1676-09351827.

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24

Jakšić, Uroš, Zorica Bogićević, Nenad Marković, and Miljan Mirković. "Analysis of the operation of the ground fault protection at the output 10 kV." Tehnika 79, no. 3 (2024): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2403325j.

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For the normal functioning of the power system, it is necessary to ensure adequate protection of each elements. Part of the electric power system are electric networks, the term of which will primarily mean lines (air and cable). In the paper, the operation of basic line protections was analyzed by mathematical calculations and field measurements. The earth fault protection was caused in the field in order to compare it with the mathematical calculation and draw conclusions about the correct setting and full functionality of the relay protection. Power grid protection is a key aspect for the s
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25

Javor Škare and Miroslav Mesić. "PROTECTION DEVICES AND SELECTIVITY IN DC POWER DISTRIBUTION SUB-SYSTEMS." Journal of Energy - Energija 58, no. 1 (2022): 76–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/2009581293.

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DC power distribution sub-systems are essential components of electrical power facilities since they allow the carrying out of vital facility functions in normal operation even in the event of a collapse in grid voltage. Therefore, such systems should be a reliable and safe source of electrical power. When taking into consideration that the manner of terminating DC current is significantly different from terminating AC current, it is important that, when designing DC power distribution sub-systems in electrical power facilities, care be taken concerning their characteristics. A proper selectio
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26

HORIASHCHENKO, K., A. TARANCHUK, Y. SUPRONYUK, and O. TSYRA. "APPLICATION OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHMS IN SYSTEMS WITH LIMITED PROCESSING POWER." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 287, no. 4 (2020): 143–48. https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2020-287-4-143-148.

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One of the directions of development of wireless information transmission systems is based on the introduction of networks based on simple nodes used in such standards as ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wibree. Information transmitted over the network may be intercepted and used by a third party. Simplicity of design, minimum power consumption and minimum amount of memory do not allow to implement complex algorithms of cryptographic protection of information. The complexity of the protection algorithm is due to the bit size of the processor (8, 16 or 32 bits), the available amount of RAM and RAM, as well a
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27

Khimich, S. A., Yu S. Kolesov, A. V. Gluhov, and T. R. Sharafeev. "Realization of the power-system protection functions for digital power stations and using of Elbrus computers." Radio industry 29, no. 1 (2019): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-1-23-28.

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The relevance of this study is justified by the introduction of digital transformers to modern electrical substations and the need to create relevant digital systems for the automatics relay protection. The article discusses the basic principles of automatics relay protection of the digital electrical substations. The authors examine the problems of its implementation with the use of embedded systems based on domestic computing systems of the Elbrus family with the support of a protected mode of program execution. They suggest an architecture of the user program for managing the automatics rel
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28

Gramatikov, Pavlin, Roumen Nedkov, and Doino Petkov. "Secondary power systems for videometric complex "Fregat"." Aerospace Research in Bulgaria 30 (2018): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/arb.v30.e11.

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The power supply for the video-spectrometric complex (VSC) "Fregat" is being considered. This secondary power supply systems have the following functions: Reception and switching of the voltages; Protection from overload and short circuit in the internal circuits and the exit circuits; Transformation of primary voltage in stabilized secondary voltages; Galvanically untethered secondary circuits by primary and Hull; Protection of the users from the electromagnetic noises; Provision of "Cold" and "Hot" reserve, etc. A set of technical documentation and test-measuring equipment for testing were c
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29

Ko, Yohan. "Survey of Software-Implemented Soft Error Protection." Electronics 11, no. 3 (2022): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030456.

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As soft errors are important design concerns in embedded systems, several schemes have been presented to protect embedded systems against them. Embedded systems can be protected by hardware redundancy; however, hardware-based protections cannot provide flexible protection due to hardware-only protection modifications. Further, they incur significant overheads in terms of area, performance, and power consumption. Therefore, hardware redundancy techniques are not appropriate for resource-constrained embedded systems. On the other hand, software-based protection techniques can be an attractive al
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30

Moustafa, Moustafa Abdelrahman Mohamed Mohamed, and Choong-koo Chang. "Preventing cascading failure of electric power protection systems in nuclear power plant." Nuclear Engineering and Technology 53, no. 1 (2021): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2020.06.010.

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31

Koniukhov, A. M., A. V. Khlebnov, and V. A. Timanov. "A method of testing relay protection and automation involving exposure to cascading effects for improved power supply reliability and electric power system stability." Dependability 21, no. 4 (2021): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21683/1729-2646-2021-21-4-47-52.

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The Aim of the paper is to show that improved power supply reliability and electric power system stability are achieved by applying new methods of testing relay protection and automation (RPaA). Major cascading failures in electric power systems are caused by cascading effects, i.e., effects involving several successive effects of various nature. Cascading effects allow extending the functionality while testing RP&A and taking into account the time factor in the context of effects of various nature. Method. A method is proposed for testing relay protection and automation taking into accoun
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32

Ustinov, Denis A., and Abou Rashid Aysar. "Study of the protection algorithms in distributed generation systems." Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences, no. 2 (June 28, 2023): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-41-55.

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Current trends in the development of power supply systems for industrial facilities when applying the principles of distributed generation consist in the implementation of power supply from several power sources of different types and characteristics (photovoltaic cells, wind power plants, microturbine plants, diesel power plants), the maximum approximation of power sources to electrical loads, the use of electricity storage. The availability of such installations near consumers reduces the quantitative energy consumption by reducing the technical losses of the ge¬nerated energy and reducing d
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33

Yusifov Samad İmamali, Cafarzadeh Turana Akbar, Yusifov Samad İmamali, Cafarzadeh Turana Akbar. "DEVELOPMENT OF MICROCONTROLLER PROTECTION SYSTEM OF POWER TRANSFORMERS." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 52, no. 04-02 (2025): 22–28. https://doi.org/10.36962/pahtei5204-022025-22.

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The protection of power transformers is a highly intricate issue in the transmission network of the power system. As minimizing the frequency and duration of unwanted interruptions is crucial, there is a significant demand on the protective relays of power transformers. Different protection principles have been suggested and implemented to safeguard transformers from various fault types. Relays that operate based on overcurrent, overcurrent, and overheat principles protect transformers from overloads and external conditions. Differential relays provide protection against internal transformer f
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34

Sahebkar Farkhani, Jalal, Mohammad Zareein, Arsalan Najafi, Rui Melicio, and Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues. "The Power System and Microgrid Protection—A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22 (2020): 8271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10228271.

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In recent years, power grid infrastructures have been changing from a centralized power generation model to a paradigm where the generation capability is spread over an increasing number of small power stations relying on renewable energy sources. A microgrid is a local network including renewable and non-renewable energy sources as well as distributed loads. Microgrids can be operated in both grid-connected and islanded modes to fill the gap between the significant increase in demand and storage of electricity and transmission issues. Power electronics play an important role in microgrids due
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35

Budinger, Marc, Valérie Pommier-Budinger, Aurélien Reysset, and Valerian Palanque. "Electromechanical Resonant Ice Protection Systems: Energetic and Power Considerations." AIAA Journal 59, no. 7 (2021): 2590–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j060008.

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36

Rolim, Felipe B. B., Fernanda C. L. Trindade, and Marcos J. Rider. "Adaptive Protection Methodology for Modern Electric Power Distribution Systems." Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems 32, no. 5 (2021): 1377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40313-021-00774-1.

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37

Bordyug, Aleksandr S. "APPLICATION OF RELAY PROTECTION SYSTEMS IN SHIP POWER COMPLEXES." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 13, no. 6 (2021): 908–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2021-13-6-908-915.

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38

Berkman, R., M. Meldorf, and H. Tammoja. "INTEGRATION OF CONTROL AND PROTECTION SYSTEMS IN POWER NETWORKS." Oil Shale 22, no. 2S (2005): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/oil.2005.2s.13.

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39

Enns, M., L. Budler, T. W. Cease, et al. "Potential applications of expert systems to power system protection." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 9, no. 2 (1994): 720–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.296249.

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40

Chen, Genqi, Qing Duan, Caihong Zhao, et al. "Novel Fault Protection Method for Flexible DC Power Systems." Energies 17, no. 14 (2024): 3446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17143446.

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A fault protection method is proposed for flexible direct-current (DC) power systems based on the cosine similarity of currents in current-limiting reactors. The typical characteristics of external and internal faults in a flexible DC power system were analyzed. The principles of cosine similarity and the fault current characteristics of current-limiting reactors were used to distinguish between internal and external faults. The ratio of the average positive and negative voltages of the current-limiting reactor was then used to distinguish the fault types and fault line. Finally, a simulation
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41

Zhang, Keran, Yun Hao, Shu Zhang, Yangtao Fan, and Xiangyong He. "HEMP Protection of Power Systems in Electromagnetic Shielding Cabinet." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2615, no. 1 (2023): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2615/1/012018.

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Abstract High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) has a significant impact on power systems. This paper simulates the HEMP coupling for three types of power cables in an electromagnetic shielding cabinet. Besides, this paper proposes the HEMP protection circuit design for 220 V AC and 24 V DC power. In a lightning conduction injection test, the circuit reduces the peak voltage by 12.1 and 14.2 times for AC and DC, respectively. In a pulsed current injection (PCI) test, the circuit reduces the transient peak current to less than 8.2 A for both AC and DC.
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42

Potapenko, A.N., Udaya Kumar, A.I. Shtifanov, and A.S. Soldatenkov. "Research of Lightning Protection Systems of Wind Power Plant." Problemele Energeticii Regionale 2(43) (August 13, 2019): 133–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3367052.

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The work is dedicated to the study of the influence of the wind turbine lightning protection system on the possibility of a lightning strike to the lightning rod, to the protected object and to the surface of the earth. The aim of the work is to study atmospheric electric fields for a complex object: a wind turbine, a thundercloud and a surface of the earth, in two versions - with and without a lightning protection system. This goal is achieved by constructing a mathematical model based on the Laplace equation of elliptic type and boundary conditions for calculating the electric flow function.
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43

Chen, Lei, Sergey Gorbachev, Dong Yue, et al. "Protection strategies of active defense in cyber-physical power systems." Europhysics Letters 136, no. 3 (2021): 38002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ac4eca.

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Abstract Cascading failure triggered by tiny failure iteratively propagates between physical power grid and communication network, causing severe damage on cyber-physical power systems. In this paper, we study the protection strategies of active defense to improve the robustness of systems. Based on analysis of cascading failure in systems, we classify failure into three types, structural failure, overload failure, and interdependent failure. Due to the severe damage caused by overload failure, we propose four protection strategies of active defense, through interdicting propagation path of ca
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44

Piskunov, Sergey, Alexey Mokeev, and Dmitry Ulyanov. "Transformer protection, automation and monitoring systems." E3S Web of Conferences 584 (2024): 01032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458401032.

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This paper presents the results of research on improving the protection, automation and monitoring systems of power transformers (PT) in 6-35 kV distribution networks. The authors have developed improved algorithms for differential and distance protection of a transformer based on measuring voltage and current synchrophasors, proposed additional criteria for blocking protection in the event of a magnetization inrush current (MIC), and considered the functions of the transformer monitoring and automation system based on synchrophasor technology.
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45

Xu, Hong Fei, Si Rui Pang, Jian Wen Du, and Xue Mei Li. "A Security Power Defense System Based on Cloud Computing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 919–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.919.

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A system includes three power information security defense line is constructed, to achieve the information network, information outside the network, scheduling data network depth protection. According to the information security protection requirements, starting from the overall structure of information systems, taking into account the information system to schedule production system as the core, based on independent research and development of core information security isolation unit, set up three lines of defense in the power of information systems, electricity secondary system, information
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46

Kirui, Kemei Peter, David K. Murage, and Peter K. Kihato. "Fuse-Fuse Protection Scheme ETAP Model for IEEE 13 Node Radial Test Distribution Feeder." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 4, no. 9 (2019): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2019.4.9.1549.

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According to NEC 240.101 regulations each and every component of a power system distribution network has to have an over-current protective device (OCPD) for its protection. The OCPDs must coordinate with other devices both upstream and downstream for a reliable operation and protection of the power systems distribution network. There are four equipment/components for the IEEE 13 node radial test feeder each modelled in this paper to be protected by fuses. These components are namely the nodes, the underground cables, the overhead distribution lines and the transformers. Equipment protection i
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47

Kirui, Kemei Peter, David K. Murage, and Peter K. Kihato. "Fuse-Fuse Protection Scheme ETAP Model for IEEE 13 Node Radial Test Distribution Feeder." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, no. 9 (2019): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.9.1549.

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According to NEC 240.101 regulations each and every component of a power system distribution network has to have an over-current protective device (OCPD) for its protection. The OCPDs must coordinate with other devices both upstream and downstream for a reliable operation and protection of the power systems distribution network. There are four equipment/components for the IEEE 13 node radial test feeder each modelled in this paper to be protected by fuses. These components are namely the nodes, the underground cables, the overhead distribution lines and the transformers. Equipment protection i
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Bright, J. A., and Wei-Jen Lee. "Integrated monitoring, protection, and control systems for industrial and commercial power systems." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 36, no. 1 (2000): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.821789.

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Dr. Nuri Almargani Almagrahi, Dr Nuri Almargani Almagrahi. "Protecting Electrical Power Systems from Malfunctions and Disturbances." International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management 7, no. 6 (2025): 294–98. https://doi.org/10.35629/5252-0706294298.

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in this paper Reliable and safe operation is paramountfor electrical power systems. Malfunctions and disturbances can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to equipment damage, power outages, and even safety hazards. A robust protection scheme is crucial to safeguard the integrity of the power system and ensure its continued functionality. This abstract introduces the concept of power system protection, highlighting its importance in maintaining a stable and reliable electrical grid. It lays the groundwork for further discussion on the various methods and devices employed to achieve this obje
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P.ANIL, KUMAR*1 J.SHANKAR2 Y.NAGARAJU3. "PROTECTION ISSUES IN MICRO GRID." International Journal of Applied Control, Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJACEEE) 1, no. 1 (2018): 01–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1479974.

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Microgrid is cluster of distributed generation sources, storage systems and controllable loads. Microgrid can provide quality and reliable supply of energy to consumer. Microgrid can operate in both modes of operations that is grid connected mode and islanded mode. This implementation poses technical challenge of protecting the micro grid. Power quality, energy management, stability, power flow control, protection system and integration of various distributed generators are the major issues in the microgrid operation. This paper reviews various protection issues in micro grid, various protecti
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