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Journal articles on the topic 'PPAR gamma'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Yoshikawa, Keiji. "PPAR^|^gamma;." Japanese Journal of SURGICAL METABOLISM and NUTRITION 48, no. 2 (2014): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11638/jssmn.48.2_81.

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Konger, Raymond L., Xiaoling Xuei, Ethel Derr-Yellin, Fang Fang, Hongyu Gao та Yunlong Liu. "The Loss of PPARγ Expression and Signaling Is a Key Feature of Cutaneous Actinic Disease and Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Association with Tumor Stromal Inflammation". Cells 13, № 16 (2024): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells13161356.

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Given the importance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma in epidermal inflammation and carcinogenesis, we analyzed the transcriptomic changes observed in epidermal PPARγ-deficient mice (Pparg-/-epi). A gene set enrichment analysis revealed a close association with epithelial malignancy, inflammatory cell chemotaxis, and cell survival. Single-cell sequencing of Pparg-/-epi mice verified changes to the stromal compartment, including increased inflammatory cell infiltrates, particularly neutrophils, and an increase in fibroblasts expressing myofibroblast marker genes. A com

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3

Fajas, L., MB Debril, and J. Auwerx. "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma: from adipogenesis to carcinogenesis." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 27, no. 1 (2001): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0270001.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors, initially described as molecular targets for synthetic compounds inducing peroxisome proliferation. PPAR-gamma, the best characterized of the PPARs, plays a crucial role in adipogenesis and insulin sensitization. Furthermore, PPAR-gamma has been reported to affect cell proliferation/differentiation pathways in various malignancies. We discuss in the present review recent advances in the understanding of the function of PPAR-gamma in both cell proliferation and adipocyte differentiation.

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Ferreira, Silvana R., Leandro M. Vélez, Maria F. Heber, Giselle A. Abruzzese, and Alicia B. Motta. "Prenatal androgen excess alters the uterine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) system." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, no. 8 (2019): 1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd18432.

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It is known that androgen excess induces changes in fetal programming that affect several physiological pathways. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α, δ and γ are key mediators of female reproductive functions, in particular in uterine tissues. Thus, we aimed to study the effect of prenatal hyperandrogenisation on the uterine PPAR system. Rats were treated with 2mg testosterone from Day 16 to 19 of pregnancy. Female offspring (PH group) were followed until 90 days of life, when they were killed. The PH group exhibited an anovulatory phenotype. We quantified uterine mRNA level

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5

Triana, Rina, Nurrani Mustika Dewi, Siska Darmayanti, et al. "PPAR-gamma Signaling in Metabolic Homeostasis." Indonesian Biomedical Journal 8, no. 3 (2016): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v8i3.209.

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BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, or also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 3 (NR1C3), is a PPAR which serves as master regulator of adipocytes differentiation, and plays an important role in lipid metabolism or adipogenesis. Recent study showed that PPAR-γ is expressed in most tissue and also has critical impact in many metabolic homeostasis disorders.CONTENT: Dysregulation of PPAR-γ is correlated to the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, acute kidney injury, autoimmune disease, gastrointestinal d

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Wagner, Nicole, and Kay-Dietrich Wagner. "Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and the Hallmarks of Cancer." Cells 11, no. 15 (2022): 2432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11152432.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) function as nuclear transcription factors upon the binding of physiological or pharmacological ligands and heterodimerization with retinoic X receptors. Physiological ligands include fatty acids and fatty-acid-derived compounds with low specificity for the different PPAR subtypes (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma). For each of the PPAR subtypes, specific pharmacological agonists and antagonists, as well as pan-agonists, are available. In agreement with their natural ligands, PPARs are mainly focused on as targets for the treatment of metabolic sy

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Abdulazeez, Azeemat, Zaharadeen Yusuf, and Sulaimon Folami. "Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors." Journal of Biological Research and Reviews 1, no. 2 (2024): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jbrr.20240414015408.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that regulate key physiological processes, including lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and inflammation. The three subtypes, PPAR-alpha, PPAR-beta/delta, and PPAR-gamma, have distinct roles and tissue distributions, making them promising targets for metabolic and inflammatory disease therapies. Experimental methods encompassed animal models, genetically modified mice, and pharmacological interventions with PPAR agonists and antagonists. Cell culture studies utilized specific PPAR ligands, along with molecular biolog

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8

Mansour, Mahmoud M., Hari O. Goyal, Tim D. Braden, et al. "Activation of Penile Proadipogenic Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor with an Estrogen: Interaction with Estrogen Receptor Alpha during Postnatal Development." PPAR Research 2008 (2008): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/651419.

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Exposure to the estrogen receptor alpha (ER) ligand diethylstilbesterol (DES) between neonatal days 2 to 12 induces penile adipogenesis and adult infertility in rats. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vivo interaction between DES-activated ER and the proadipogenic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR). Transcripts for PPARs , , and and 1a splice variant were detected in Sprague-Dawley normal rat penis with PPAR predominating. In addition, PPAR1b and PPAR2 were newly induced by DES. The PPAR transcripts were significantly upregulated wi

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9

Wagner, Nicole, and Kay-Dietrich Wagner. "PPAR Beta/Delta and the Hallmarks of Cancer." Cells 9, no. 5 (2020): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9051133.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family. Three different isoforms, PPAR alpha, PPAR beta/delta and PPAR gamma have been identified. They all form heterodimers with retinoic X receptors to activate or repress downstream target genes dependent on the presence/absence of ligands and coactivators or corepressors. PPARs differ in their tissue expression profile, ligands and specific agonists and antagonists. PPARs attract attention as potential therapeutic targets for a variety of diseases. PPAR alpha and gamma agonists are in clinical use f

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10

SONI, DEEPA, and ROBERT M. FRIEDLANDER. "PPAR-gamma." Neurosurgery 52, no. 4 (2003): NA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000309176.04106.fe.

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11

S, Munwar. "The Journey of Thiazolidinediones as Modulators of PPARs for the Management of Diabetes: A Critical Review." Medicinal Chemistry 10, no. 5 (2020): 6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10669439.

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Thiazolidinediones are a class of well-established antidiabetic drugs, also named as glitazones. Thiazolidinedione structure has been an important structural domain of research, involving design and development of new drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Extensive research on the mechanism of action and the structural requirements has revealed that the intended antidiabetic activity in type 2 diabetes is due to their agonistic effect on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) belonging to the nuclear receptor super family. Glitazones have specific affinity to PPARγ, one

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Abbott, Barbara D., Carmen R. Wood, Andrew M. Watkins, Kaberi P. Das, and Christopher S. Lau. "Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Alpha, Beta, and Gamma mRNA and Protein Expression in Human Fetal Tissues." PPAR Research 2010 (2010): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/690907.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) regulate lipid and glucose homeostasis, are targets of pharmaceuticals, and are also activated by environmental contaminants. Almost nothing is known about expression of PPARs during human fetal development. This study examines expression of PPAR, , and mRNA and protein in human fetal tissues. With increasing fetal age, mRNA expression of PPAR and increased in liver, but PPAR decreased in heart and intestine, and PPAR decreased in adrenal. Adult and fetal mean expression of PPAR, , and mRNA did not differ in intestine, but expression was lowe

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Yang, Chunyan, Zibo Song, Seung-Hee Jo, et al. "Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Promotes the Survival of Human T Lymphoma Cells through Its Regulation of Cellular Metabolism." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 2392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.2392.2392.

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Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is a metabolic regulator involved in maintaining glucose and fatty acid homeostasis. Besides its metabolic functions, the receptor has also been implicated in tumorigenesis. Ligands of PPAR gamma have been found to induce apoptosis in a variety of tumor cell lines including lymphomas. However, apoptosis induction may not depend on the receptor since high doses of PPAR gamma agonists are required for this process. Using cells containing or lacking PPAR gamma, we reported previously that PPAR gamma attenuates apoptosis induced by growth f

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Benedusi, Valeria, Francesca Martorana, Liliana Brambilla, Adriana Maggi та Daniela Rossi. "The Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) Controls Natural Protective Mechanisms against Lipid Peroxidation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis". Journal of Biological Chemistry 287, № 43 (2012): 35899–911. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.366419.

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Recent evidence highlights the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) as critical neuroprotective factors in several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To gain new mechanistic insights into the role of these receptors in the context of ALS, here we investigated how PPAR transcriptional activity varies in hSOD1(G93A) ALS transgenic mice. We demonstrate that PPARγ-driven transcription selectively increases in the spinal cord of symptomatic hSOD1(G93A) mice. This phenomenon correlates with the up-regulation of target genes, such as lipopr

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Pejcic, Tatjana, Ivana Stankovic, Tatjana Radjenovic-Petkovic, Desa Nastasijevic-Borovac, Ivanka Djordjevic, and Tatjana Jeftovic-Stoimenov. "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma as modulator of inflammation in pulmonary sarcoidosis." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 141, no. 9-10 (2013): 705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1310705p.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) includes the family of ligand-activated transcription factors which belong to the group of nuclear hormone receptors and are connected to retinoid, glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone receptors. There are three subtypes of PPARs: PPAR? (also known as NR1C3), PPAR? (known as NR1C1) and PPAR? (known as PPAR? or NR1C2). All of them take part in the metabolism, cell proliferation and immune response. PPAR? and PPAR? are identified as important immunomodulators and potentially represent an anti-inflammatory target for respiratory diseases. PPAR? defi

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Cao, Jay, Brian Gregoire, Kim Michelsen, and Xingming Shi. "Deficiency of PPAR Gamma in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Does Not Prevent High-Fat Diet-Induced Bone Deterioration in Mice." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab055_010.

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Abstract Objectives Obesity is detrimental to bone health in humans and in high-fat diet-induced obese animals. Bone marrow osteoblasts and adipocytes are derived from a common mesenchymal stem cell and have a reciprocal relationship. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), a regulator for adipocyte differentiation, may be a potential target for reducing obesity and increasing bone mass. This study tested the hypothesis that bone-specific PPAR gamma conditional knockout (cKO), via deletion of PPAR gamma gene from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) using Osterix 1 (Osx1)-Cr

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17

Miao, Qi, Zibo Song, Chunyan Yang, and Y. Lynn Wang. "Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Promotes Lymphocyte Survival Via a Mitochondrial Pathway Mediated by GSK-3 Beta." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 3354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3354.3354.

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Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma is a nuclear hormone receptor involved in maintaining glucose and fatty acid homeostasis. Besides its metabolic functions, the receptor has also been implicated in tumorigenesis. Ligands of PPAR gamma induce apoptosis in several types of tumor cells including lymphomas, leading to the proposal that these ligands may be used as anti-cancer agents. However, apoptosis induction requires high doses of ligands, suggesting the effect may not be receptor-dependent. Previously, we reported that PPAR gamma is expressed in human primary T

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18

Soorya Aravindakshan, Aghil, Suraj Katole, Sameer Sharma, Susha Dinesh, Manjula Shantaram, and Raghavendra L. S. Hallur. "Molecular docking and dynamic studies of Indian blackberry in contrast to X-ray structure of human PPAR gamma." Biomedicine 44, no. 1 (2024): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v44i1.4116.

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Introduction and Aim: This study aims to elucidate the phytopharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of Indian blackberries about human PPAR gamma receptors through in silico analyses. The protein receptor known as human PPAR gamma was retrieved, along with phytochemicals to perform molecular docking techniques to analyze the inhibitory effects of Indian blackberries.  Methods: The human PPAR gamma receptor was obtained from the Protein Data Bank, and a set of phytochemicals was sourced from the IMPPAT database, and subsequently retrieved through the PubChem database. Mo

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Du, Siyue, Nicole Wagner, and Kay-Dietrich Wagner. "The Emerging Role of PPAR Beta/Delta in Tumor Angiogenesis." PPAR Research 2020 (August 13, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3608315.

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PPARs are ligand-activated transcriptional factors that belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily. Among them, PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma are prone to exert an antiangiogenic effect, whereas PPAR beta/delta has an opposite effect in physiological and pathological conditions. Angiogenesis has been known as a hallmark of cancer, and our recent works also demonstrate that vascular-specific PPAR beta/delta overexpression promotes tumor angiogenesis and progression in vivo. In this review, we will mainly focus on the role of PPAR beta/delta in tumor angiogenesis linked to the tumor microenvironment

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20

Farhat, Farhat, Elvita Rahmi, Jessy Chrestella, Osvaldo Williamson, and Raudah Putri Syari. "Expressions of Nuclear Factor-kappa B and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-Gamma Proportional with Clinical Staging of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, B (2021): 1347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6261.

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BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy induced by the mutation of the transcription factors nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma). There was no known of the study about the association and targeted therapy of NF-kB and PPAR-gamma-induced NPC. AIM: This study analyzed and compared the proportion of NF-kB and PPAR-gamma and its association with the clinical characteristic of various NPC patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study and conducted in Adam Malik General Hospital. The samples were paraffin block tis

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Kadewadi, Megha M., та P. Sutar Kishori. "Overcoming Ocular Barriers: Advanced Drug Delivery Strategies for PPAR-γ Agonists". Journal of Advances in Drug Discovery and Development 3, № 2 (2025): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15268376.

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<em>Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is a nuclear receptor involved in regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism. While traditionally studied in metabolic disorders, PPAR-γ has emerged as a promising target in ocular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). PPAR-γ is expressed in key retinal cells and its activation via agonists like thiazolidinediones offers neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic effects. These properties help reduce vascular leakage, supp

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Steinke, Ian, Manoj Govindarajulu, Priyanka Das Pinky, et al. "Selective PPAR-Delta/PPAR-Gamma Activation Improves Cognition in a Model of Alzheimer’s Disease." Cells 12, no. 8 (2023): 1116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12081116.

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Background: The continuously increasing association of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with increased mortality rates indicates an unmet medical need and the critical need for establishing novel molecular targets for therapeutic potential. Agonists for peroxisomal proliferator activating receptors (PPAR) are known to regulate energy in the body and have shown positive effects against Alzheimer’s disease. There are three members of this class (delta, gamma, and alpha), with PPAR-gamma being the most studied, as these pharmaceutical agonists offer promise for AD because they reduce amyloid beta and tau

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Ahmed, H. A., та I. Y. Alkali. "In silico molecular docking studies of some phytochemicals against peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ)". GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 5, № 2 (2018): 001–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4305234.

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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor and a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that regulate the gene expression of proteins involved in glucose, lipid metabolism, adipocyte proliferation and differentiation and insulin sensitivity. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are one important class of synthetic agonists of PPAR-γ. TZDs are antidiabetic agents that target adipose tissue and improve insulin sensitivity, and they are currently being used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The study was carried out in order to d

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Quiroga, A. C., C. de Frutos, E. Zurita, and P. Bermejo-Álvarez. "98 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARG) is dispensable for bovine blastocyst formation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, no. 2 (2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv33n2ab98.

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Prostaglandins (PGs) are lipid signalling molecules that play critical roles in gestation by promoting corpus luteus maintenance or luteolysis, and have been suggested to play other roles in early pregnancy, including embryo–maternal crosstalk. The signalling roles of PGs and other lipids are often mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), transcription factors that regulate the expression of other genes through PPAR-responsive elements. PPARG is a PPAR expressed by bovine pre-implantation embryos whose inhibition by morpholino intrauterine infusion has been reported to

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Quiroga, A. C., C. de Frutos, E. Zurita, and P. Bermejo-Álvarez. "98 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARG) is dispensable for bovine blastocyst formation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, no. 2 (2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv33n2ab98.

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Prostaglandins (PGs) are lipid signalling molecules that play critical roles in gestation by promoting corpus luteus maintenance or luteolysis, and have been suggested to play other roles in early pregnancy, including embryo–maternal crosstalk. The signalling roles of PGs and other lipids are often mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), transcription factors that regulate the expression of other genes through PPAR-responsive elements. PPARG is a PPAR expressed by bovine pre-implantation embryos whose inhibition by morpholino intrauterine infusion has been reported to

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Lecarpentier, Yves, Victor Claes, Alexandre Vallée, and Jean-Louis Hébert. "Interactions between PPAR Gamma and the Canonical Wnt/Beta-Catenin Pathway in Type 2 Diabetes and Colon Cancer." PPAR Research 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5879090.

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In both colon cancer and type 2 diabetes, metabolic changes induced by upregulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) may help account for the frequent association of these two diseases. In both diseases, PPAR gamma is downregulated while the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is upregulated. In colon cancer, upregulation of the canonical Wnt system induces activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and deactivation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. As a result, a large part of cytosolic pyruvate is conve

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Shi, Xingming, Mark Hamrick, and Carlos M. Isales. "Energy Balance, Myostatin, and GILZ: Factors Regulating Adipocyte Differentiation in Belly and Bone." PPAR Research 2007 (2007): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/92501.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor subfamily of transcription factors. PPARs are expressed in key target tissues such as liver, fat, and muscle and thus they play a major role in the regulation of energy balance. Because of PPAR-γ's role in energy balance, signals originating from the gut (e.g., GIP), fat (e.g., leptin), muscle (e.g., myostatin), or bone (e.g., GILZ) can in turn modulate PPAR expression and/or function. Of the two PPAR-γisoforms, PPAR-γ2 is the key regulator of adipogenesis and also plays a role in bone development

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G. Wang, Dan, та Nasser Ghaly Yousif. "Role of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) in lung sepsis". American Journal of BioMedicine 2, № 4 (2014): 228–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18081/2333-5106/014-04/228-246.

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PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including; obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer. PPAR-gamma agonists have been used in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycemia. Two isoforms of PPARG are detected in the human and in the mouse: PPAR-γ1 (found in nearly all tissues except muscle) and PPAR-γ2 (mostly found in adipose tissue and the intestine). In the present study, to directly determine the role of PPARγ in lung sepsis we used PPARγ-knockout and C57/BL6 mice model. Mice are treated with Lipopolysaccharide LPS (0.5 mg/kg, iv) for 6-hours, th

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Mba, O.J, D.L Ajaghaku, B.O Ogbonna, et al. "GC-MS And Molecular Docking Studies Of Crude Extract And Fraction Of Napoleonae Imperialis As A Potent Antidiabetic Compound." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH & MEDICAL RESEARCH 03, no. 06 (2024): 374–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12087446.

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Background: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists are beneficial in the treatment of diabetes by stimulating insulin sensitivity and antagonizing hepatic gluconeogenesis.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic effect of phytocompounds synthesized from crude extract and fraction of Napoleonae imperialis, using GC-MS analysis and molecular docking studies.Methods: Crude extract and fraction from N. imperialis were subjected to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for identification of bioactive compounds in the plant and mol

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He, Weimin. "Polymorphism and Human Health." PPAR Research 2009 (2009): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/849538.

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The nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR) is an important transcription factor regulating adipocyte differentiation, lipid and glucose homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity. Numerous genetic mutations of PPAR have been identified and these mutations positively or negatively regulate insulin sensitivity. Among these, a relatively common polymorphism of PPAR, Pro12Ala of PPAR2, the isoform expressed only in adipose tissue has been shown to be associated with lower body mass index, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and resistance to the risk of type 2 diabete

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Janani, C., and B. D. Ranjitha Kumari. "PPAR gamma gene – A review." Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 9, no. 1 (2015): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2014.09.015.

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Smith⁎, S., R. Samadfam, L. Chouinard, et al. "Combined activation of PPAR-gamma and PPAR-alpha reduces the negative effects of PPAR-gamma agonism on bone and may attenuate PPAR-gamma-mediated loss of bone strength." Bone 50 (May 2012): S164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2012.02.513.

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Mirakaj, Valdete, Silke Appel, Frank Grünebach, Markus M. Weck, Volker L. Reichardt, and Peter Brossart. "PPAR-gamma Agonists Inhibit Toll-Like Receptor Mediated Activation of Dendritic Cells Via the MAP Kinase and NF-kB Pathways." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 3442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3442.3442.

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Abstract Dendritic cells (DC) play an important role in initiating and maintaining of primary immune responses. However, little is known about the termination of once induced immunological responses. Cyclopentenone prostaglandins (15d-PGJ2, PGD2) are produced during the late phase of inflammation due to upregulation of COX2 and can lead to the resolution of an inflammation by activation of PPAR-gamma dependent and independent pathways. In this study we analyzed the effects of 15d-PGJ2 and the synthetic PPAR-gamma ligand troglitazone (TGZ) on the immunogenicity of monocyte derived DC upon stimu

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Parihar, Raghuraj, та Brij Kishore Sharma. "QSAR rationales for the PPARα/γ agonistic activity of 4,4-Dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives". World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 3, № 1 (2020): 038–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4430514.

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The PPARγ binding affinity and transactivation profiles for hPPARα and hPPARγ of tetrahydroquinoline derivatives have been quantitatively analyzed in terms of topological 0D-, 1D- and 2D-descriptors based on molecular graph theory. Statistically sound models have been obtained between the biological actions and various DRAGON descriptors through combinatorial protocol-multiple linear regression (CP-MLR) computational procedure. Amongst the large number of such derived models, the most significant ones have only been discussed to draw meaningful conclusions. From the statistic

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Raghuraj, Parihar, та Kishore Sharma Brij. "CP-MLR derived QSAR study on the PPARγ agonists: The benzylpyrazole acylsulfonamide derivatives". GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 4, № 2 (2020): 009–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4319471.

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The PPARγ transactivation activity of benzylpyrazole acylsulfonamide derivatives have been quantitatively analyzed in terms of 0D- to 2D-Dragon descriptors. This study has provided a rational approach for the development of titled derivatives as PPARγ agonists. The descriptors identified in CP-MLR analysis for the PPARγ transactivation activity have highlighted the role of atomic properties (mass, electronegativity, van der Waals volumes and polarizability) in terms of weighted 2D autocorrelations and BCUT descriptors and electronic content in terms of Galvez charge indi

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Tontonoz, P., E. Hu, J. Devine, E. G. Beale, and B. M. Spiegelman. "PPAR gamma 2 regulates adipose expression of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene." Molecular and Cellular Biology 15, no. 1 (1995): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.15.1.351.

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Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is expressed at high levels in liver, kidney, and adipose tissue. This enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step in hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis and adipose glyceroneogenesis. The regulatory factors important for adipose expression of the PEPCK gene are not well defined. Previous studies with transgenic mice established that the region between bp -2086 and -888 is required for expression in adipose tissue but not for expression in liver or kidney tissue. We show here that a DNA fragment containing this region can function as an enhancer and direct d

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Hsueh, Willa A. "PPAR-Gamma Effects on the Vasculature." Journal of Investigative Medicine 49, no. 1 (2001): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/6650.2001.34109.

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Kintscher, Ulrich. "Angiotensin II, PPAR-Gamma and atherosclerosis." Frontiers in Bioscience 9, no. 1-3 (2004): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/1225.

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Marion-Letellier, Rachel, Guillaume Savoye, and Subrata Ghosh. "Fatty acids, eicosanoids and PPAR gamma." European Journal of Pharmacology 785 (August 2016): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.11.004.

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Fournier, Thierry. "PPAR-gamma and human trophoblast differentiation." Journal of Reproductive Immunology 86, no. 2 (2010): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2010.08.014.

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Evans, Robert J., and Simon A. Johnston. "PPAR-gamma Fun(gi) With Prostaglandin." Nuclear Receptor Signaling 17 (January 2020): 155076291989964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550762919899641.

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In our recent publication, we show for the first time that the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans is able to manipulate host cells by producing eicosanoids that mimic those found in the host. Using complementary in vivo zebrafish and in vitro macrophage cell culture models of Cryptococcus infection, we found that these eicosanoids manipulate host innate immune cells by activating the host receptor PPAR-gamma which is an important regulator of macrophage inflammatory phenotypes. We initially identified PGE2 as the eicosanoid species responsible for this effect; however, we later found that

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Dollé, Jean-Pierre, Rene S. Schloss, and Martin L. Yarmush. "PPAR Agonists and 3D Alginate Encapsulation Accelerate Oligodendrocyte Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells." Nano LIFE 06, no. 01 (2016): 1650003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984416500033.

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Cellular replacement therapies for myelin disorders require large numbers of cells and relatively mature oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocyte differentiation from a pluripotent state often involves long protracted protocols. In this study, we investigated the effect that activation of peroxisome proliferator activator receptors (PPAR) alpha, delta and gamma would have on oligodendrocyte differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells. Using a two-dimensional (2D) differentiation platform, oligodendrocyte differentiation stalled at the immature oligodendrocyte stage, i.e., CNPase positive cell

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Małodobra-Mazur, Małgorzata, Monika Ołdakowska, and Tadeusz Dobosz. "Exploring PPAR Gamma and PPAR Alpha’s Regulation Role in Metabolism via Epigenetics Mechanism." Biomolecules 14, no. 11 (2024): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom14111445.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to a family of nuclear receptors. To date, three types of PPARs, namely PPARα, PPARδ, and PPARγ, have been identified, demonstrating co-expression across numerous tissues. PPARγ is primarily distributed in adipose tissue, the colon, the immune system, and the retina, while PPARα is predominantly expressed in metabolic tissues such as brown adipose tissue, the liver, and the kidneys. Both PPARγ and PPARα play crucial roles in various cellular processes. Recent data suggest that the PPAR family, among other mechanisms, might also be regu

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Eibl, Guido. "The Role of PPAR-γand Its Interaction with COX-2 in Pancreatic Cancer". PPAR Research 2008 (2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/326915.

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In recent years, the study of the peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) as a potential target for cancer prevention and therapy has gained a strong interest. However, the overall biological significance of PPAR-γin cancer development and progression is still controversial. While many reports documented antiproliferative effects in human cancer cell and animal models, several studies demonstrating potential tumor promoting actions of PPAR-γligands raised considerable concerns about the role of PPAR-γin human cancers. Controversy also exists about the role of PPAR-γin human

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Gunin, AG, AD Bitter, AB Demakov, EN Vasilieva, and NV Suslonova. "Effects of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors-alpha and -gamma agonists on estradiol-induced proliferation and hyperplasia formation in the mouse uterus." Journal of Endocrinology 182, no. 2 (2004): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1820229.

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It is suggested that the action of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) cross-talks with estrogen signaling in the uterus. However, it is not known how PPAR agonists affect estrogen-dependent processes in the uterus, especially proliferation and morphogenetic changes. The effects of agonists of PPAR-alpha and -gamma on proliferative and morphogenetic reactions in the uterus under short- and long-term estrogen treatments were therefore examined. Ovariectomized mice were treated with estradiol dipropionate (4 micro g/100 g, s.c., once a week) or vehicle and rosiglitazone (PPAR-gam

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Rogue, A., M. Renaud, N. Claude, A. Guillouzo, and C. Spire. "Comparative gene expression profiles induced by PPAR gamma and PPAR alpha/gamma agonists in cultured rat hepatocytes." Toxicology Letters 205 (August 2011): S279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.947.

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Harris, Sarah G., and Richard P. Phipps. "The nuclear receptor PPAR gamma is expressed by mouse T lymphocytes and PPAR gamma agonists induce apoptosis." European Journal of Immunology 31, no. 4 (2001): 1098–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4141(200104)31:4<1098::aid-immu1098>3.0.co;2-i.

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Wiesner, G., BA Morash, E. Ur, and M. Wilkinson. "Food restriction regulates adipose-specific cytokines in pituitary gland but not in hypothalamus." Journal of Endocrinology 180, no. 3 (2004): R1—R6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.180r001.

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White adipose tissue is now recognized as the source of a growing list of novel adipocyte-specific factors, or adipokines. These factors regulate energy homeostasis, including the response to food deprivation. We hypothesized that the brain and pituitary gland would also express adipokines and their regulatory factors and subsequently demonstrated that the rodent brain-pituitary system expresses mRNA and protein for leptin and resistin. We now report that the adipokines FIAF and adiponutrin, as well as the nuclear hormone receptor PPAR gamma, are expressed in pituitary, brain and adipose tissu

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Smith, Alan J., Dharti Shantaram, Joey Liu, Valerie P. Wright, David Bradley, and Willa A. Hsueh. "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation reverses adipose tissue regulatory T cell dysfunction." Journal of Immunology 206, no. 1_Supplement (2021): 113.12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.113.12.

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Abstract Adipose tissue (AT) regulatory T Cells (Tregs) play an essential role in regulating inflammatory and metabolic responses. Obesity is associated with a decrease in AT Tregs and a corresponding increase in tissue inflammation and systemic insulin resistance in both humans and mice. In human samples, we have found Tregs isolated from visceral AT (VAT) display a dysfunctional phenotype characterized by decreased viability, decreased effector function, and increased expression of inhibitory co-receptors (PD-1 and OX40). VAT Tregs cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) dis

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Galbraith, Laura C. A., Ernest Mui, Colin Nixon, et al. "PPAR-gamma induced AKT3 expression increases levels of mitochondrial biogenesis driving prostate cancer." Oncogene 40, no. 13 (2021): 2355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41388-021-01707-7.

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AbstractPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG) is one of the three members of the PPAR family of transcription factors. Besides its roles in adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism, we recently demonstrated an association between PPARG and metastasis in prostate cancer. In this study a functional effect of PPARG on AKT serine/threonine kinase 3 (AKT3), which ultimately results in a more aggressive disease phenotype was identified. AKT3 has previously been shown to regulate PPARG co-activator 1 alpha (PGC1α) localisation and function through its action on chromosome mai

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