Journal articles: 'PPC campaigns'

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Hamilton, Robert. "«An idea unleashed in history»: Dr Martin Luther King Jr and the campaign to end poverty in America." Espacio, Tiempo y Educación 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/ete.188.

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As well as being a civil rights advocate, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr consistently called for human rights for all. He opposed poverty, racism, imperialism and political disfranchisement as part of an analysis, which viewed inequality not only in American but also in global terms. In order to address poverty and related human rights issues, King proposed a Poor People’s Campaign (PPC). In May 1968, only weeks after King’s assassination, the PPC saw thousands of poor people travel to Washington DC to protest against poverty. The demonstrators occupied sacred space in the nation’s capital by building a temporary community, known as Resurrection City. During preparations for the PPC and in Washington, the activists drew on a rich legacy of adult education from previous civil rights campaigns. The approaches adopted by PPC participants were innovative and represented alternatives to conventional educational practices. These included Freedom Schools, a Poor People’s University, workshops, marches and demonstrations, which assisted the protesters to come together in coalition to challenge dominant hegemonic narratives concerning the causes, nature and scope of poverty. Although ultimately unsuccessful in its aspiration to end economic injustice in America, the PPC undoubtedly laid the seeds for future anti-poverty activism. The article draws on primary source documents and oral testimonies from five archives.

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Szymański, Grzegorz. "Google Ads Campaigns in Promotional Activities of Theaters." Marketing of Scientific and Research Organizations 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/minib-2020-0023.

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AbstractAlthough the pace of life is very high today, young people spend free time among applications and electronic devices, but theatrical performances are relatively popular nonetheless. Theaters to appeal to young people should use online tools as a basic form of advertising. One of the most popular forms of e-marketing is the search engine SEM. The research question was formulated in the form: do the theaters advertise in paid search results PPC? To answer this question, we analyzed the search results on Google, including AdWords ads, among Polish theaters for popular keywords. By analyzing the results obtained, it can be said that definitely theaters do not use PPC as an advertising tool. Among the popular keywords only 5 theaters were identified using this form, which represents less than 3% of all the theaters in Poland. The reasons for low popularity are the high costs and the lack of advertising due to the relatively large number of contemporary theater customers.

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Blyzniuk, Vasyl. "Metrics in digital marketing of trade enterprises." Marketing and Digital Technologies 5, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/mdt.5.2.2021.4.

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Aim of the article. The purpose of the article is to identify metrics that are relevant to digital marketing, in particular, in the activities of trade enterprises. Description of certain metrics, their detailing and systematization. Analyses results. A study on the metrics of digital marketing in the activities of trade enterprises. Systematized, defined and supplemented groups of digital marketing metrics, their application in the activities of enterprises. The main metrics of digital marketing on some groups of metrics of digital marketing in the aspect of the analysis of digital marketing are allocated. The metrics used in social media marketing have been significantly supplemented and described. Added an exhaustive list of marketing metrics in social networks, in particular, highlighted the main ones. The interpretation of the metrics for attracting, covering and evaluating the results of advertising campaigns in order to attract new subscribers has been supplemented and detailed. The metrics of media and ppc-advertising are described in detail, the most important of them are singled out. The metrics of email-marketing are considered, defined and supplemented, priority ones are determined. The popularity of using digital metrics in ppc and e-mail groups is substantiated.The digital marketing metrics used for startups are outlined, described and detailed. Conclusions and directions for further research. The study analyzed and supplemented the main groups of application of digital marketing metrics. The descriptions and details of these metrics have been clarified, a wider set of metrics has been found, which corresponds to the current state of affairs in digital marketing. Systematized information from various sources and supplemented by practical observations of the functioning of services and digital marketing systems. The metrics related to social media marketing have been significantly supplemented and described. For each direction, important metrics are identified that outline the tools by results

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Arifin, S. M. Niaz, Christoph Zimmer, Caroline Trotter, Anaïs Colombini, Fati Sidikou, F. Marc LaForce, Ted Cohen, and Reza Yaesoubi. "Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Uses of Polyvalent Meningococcal Vaccines in Niger: An Agent-Based Transmission Modeling Study." Medical Decision Making 39, no. 5 (July 2019): 553–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x19859899.

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Background. Despite the introduction of an effective serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MenAfriVac™), sporadic epidemics of other Neisseria meningitidis serogroups remain a concern in Africa. Polyvalent meningococcal conjugate (PMC) vaccines may offer alternatives to current strategies that rely on routine infant vaccination with MenAfriVac plus, in the event of an epidemic, district-specific reactive campaigns using polyvalent meningococcal polysaccharide (PMP) vaccines. Methods. We developed an agent-based transmission model of N. meningitidis in Niger to compare the health effects and costs of current vaccination practice and 3 alternatives. Each alternative replaces MenAfriVac in the infant vaccination series with PMC and either replaces PMP with PMC for reactive campaigns or implements a one-time catch up campaign with PMC for children and young adults. Results. Over a 28-year period, replacement of MenAfriVac with PMC in the infant immunization series and of PMP in reactive campaigns would avert 63% of expected cases (95% prediction interval 49%–75%) if elimination of serogroup A is not followed by serogroup replacement. At a PMC price of $4/dose, this would cost $1412 ($81–$3510) per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted. If serogroup replacement occurs, the cost-effectiveness of this strategy improves to $662 (cost-saving, $2473) per DALY averted. Sensitivity analyses accounting for incomplete laboratory confirmation suggest that a catch-up PMC campaign would also meet standard cost-effectiveness thresholds. Limitations. The assumption that polyvalent vaccines offer similar protection against all serogroups is simplifying. Conclusions. The use of PMC vaccines to replace MenAfriVac in routine infant immunization and in district-specific reactive campaigns would have important health benefits and is likely to be cost-effective in Niger. An additional PMC catch-up campaign would also be cost-effective if we account for incomplete laboratory reporting.

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Podhorzer, Michael, Lorraine Driscoll, and Edwin S. Rothschild. "Unhealthy Money: The Growth in Health Pacs' Congressional Campaign Contributions." International Journal of Health Services 23, no. 1 (January 1993): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/jm8f-cjm1-n9me-flhx.

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The health and insurance industries have launched a massive lobbying and public relations effort to undermine popular support in the United States for a national health care system. As part of their campaign, these industries have increased dramatically their PAC contributions to members of Congress. This article provides a detailed account of these PAC contributions to congressional incumbents and candidates, and discusses additional information on the health insurance industry's advertising campaigns.

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Bashevkin, Sylvia. "Party Talk: Assessing the Feminist Rhetoric of Women Leadership Candidates in Canada." Canadian Journal of Political Science 42, no. 2 (June 2009): 345–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423909090325.

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Abstract.This study examines public statements by female candidates for the leadership of major federal parties in the period 1975–2006, with reference to the conceptual literature on political representation. Was the willingness of women politicians to voice feminist rhetoric more closely related to extra-parliamentary dynamics, notably the changing fortunes of feminist and antifeminist movements, or to parliamentary factors, including the ideological as well as competitive circumstances of their parties? The empirical discussion suggests feminist content was particularly strong in the language of Rosemary Brown for the NDP in 1975, Kim Campbell for the PCs in 1993 and Martha Hall Findlay for the Liberals in 2006. Overall results point toward the utility of a two-pronged perspective that merges a parliamentary view that centre-left through centre-right parties, as well as those in an opposition or weak governing position, were more likely sites of feminist discourse than hard right and firmly competitive parties, with a movement-focused approach that explains the diminished use of representational rhetoric during this period, even in relatively hospitable parties, with reference to the declining legitimacy of organized feminism. Unlike in the US, women candidates in right parties in Canada did not use their campaigns as vehicles for voicing strong antifeminist positions.Résumé.Cette étude survole la littérature conceptuelle sur la représentation politique et examine ainsi les déclarations publiques faites par les candidates lors des courses à la direction des principaux partis politiques fédéraux pendant la période allant de 1975 à 2006. La volonté des politiciennes d'exprimer la rhétorique féministe était-elle davantage apparentée à la dynamique extra-parlementaire, notamment la force des mouvements féministes et antiféministes, ou plutôt aux facteurs parlementaires comme l'idéologie et la compétitivité de leur parti? La discussion empirique suggère que le contenu féministe était particulièrement important dans le vocabulaire utilisé par Rosemary Brown pour le NPD en 1975, par Kim Campbell pour le PPC en 1993 et par Martha Hall Findlay pour le PLC en 2006. Les résultats indiquent qu'il est utile, pour ce type d'étude, de considérer une fusion des deux approches. La première est une perspective parlementaire, qui suggère que les partis se situant sur le spectre politique entre le centre-gauche et le centre-droit, de même que ceux qui se trouvent dans une position d'opposition ou de gouvernement faible ou minoritaire, sont les plus réceptifs aux discours féministes. La deuxième approche (movement-focused) porte son attention sur les mouvements sociaux pour expliquer la diminution de l'utilisation de la rhétorique représentationnelle pendant cette période, et ce, même dans les partis relativement réceptifs au féminisme organisé. Contrairement à la situation aux États-Unis, les candidates à la direction des partis de droite au Canada n'ont pas utilisé la course à l'investiture de leur parti comme tremplin pour exprimer de fortes positions antiféministes.

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Chung, Philip, Regina Nailon, M. Salman Ashraf, Scott Bergman, Teresa Micheels, Mark E. Rupp, Michelle Schwedhelm, et al. "1880. Reducing Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Bronchitis in Outpatient Settings Using a Multifaceted Approach." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S49—S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz359.110.

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Abstract Background Nebraska (NE) ranks among the highest states for per capita antibiotic (AB) use in outpatient (OP) settings. Nebraska Medicine (NM) partnered with NE Antimicrobial Stewardship Assessment and Promotion Program (ASAP), a program funded by NE DHHS via a CDC grant, to reduce AB prescribing for acute bronchitis in OP settings. Methods The antimicrobial stewardship (AS) pilot program targeted NM OP clinics during winter 2018. All OP facility clinicians were notified of the availability of online AS educational videos. In addition, 5 primary care clinics (PCC) received clinician-directed interventions that included acute respiratory infection management pocket guides and posters for display in workrooms. Another 5 PCC received both clinician- and patient-directed interventions (examination room patient empowerment posters, Be Antibiotic Aware pledge cards and brochures). We compared AB prescribing rates for acute bronchitis between January and April 2017 and January and April 2018 among the 2 PCC groups and a control group of 5 immediate care clinics/emergency departments (ICC/ED). Clinicians in all 10 PCC were surveyed to assess usefulness of the AS campaign. Results A total of 593 acute bronchitis diagnosis encounters were included. AB prescribing rates for acute bronchitis for the 15 sites decreased from 53.7% to 43.6% (P = 0.02). Prescribing rates were unchanged in ICC/ED that received only notification of online educational videos (40.8% vs. 41.5%, P = 1.00) but were reduced in clinics that received clinician-directed (74.5% vs. 33.3%, P < 0.01) and patient-directed (61.1% vs. 48.8%, P = 0.07) interventions. Azithromycin was the most commonly prescribed AB (31.5% in 2017 and 29.8% in 2018). After the AS campaign, only the clinician-directed intervention group saw a reduction in azithromycin prescribing (33.3% vs. 13.9%, P < 0.05). Out of 51 clinicians who completed the survey, 45.1% felt campaign tools facilitated meaningful discussion with patients. Workroom posters and pocket guides were reported by 47.1% and 39.2% to be somewhat or extremely helpful, respectively. Conclusion This OP AS campaign led to a significant reduction in AB prescribing. Successful OP AS campaigns need multifaceted approaches but targeted clinician interventions appear most beneficial. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.

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Milyo, Jeffrey, David Primo, and Timothy Groseclose. "Corporate PAC Campaign Contributions in Perspective." Business and Politics 2, no. 1 (April 2000): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1004.

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There is a vast empirical literature on the allocation of corporate PAC contributions in Congressional elections and the influence that these contributions have on the policy-making process. The attention given to PAC contributions is far in excess of their actual importance. Corporate PAC contributions account for about 10% of Congressional campaign spending and major corporations allocate far more money to lobbying or philanthropy than their affiliated PACs make in contributions.

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Varlam, Carmen, Ioan Stefanescu, Stela Cuna, Irina Vagner, Ionut Faurescu, and Denisa Faurescu. "Radiocarbon and Tritium Levels Along the Romanian Lower Danube River." Radiocarbon 52, no. 2 (2010): 783–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200045793.

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The Lower Danube Basin covers the Romanian-Bulgarian sub-basin downstream from Cazane Gorge and the sub-basins of the Siret and Prut rivers. To extensively survey the Romanian nuclear power plant impact on the Danube water, tritium and radiocarbon baseline values are required. Therefore, the reported study tried to establish these values based on a 2-yr sampling campaign covering 975 km of the Danube from Cazane Gorge to Tulcea. The tributaries Cerna, Jiu, Olt, and Arges were also included in this study. During the sampling campaigns, tritium concentration of different sampling locations showed values between 7 ± 2.1 and 33.5 ± 2.3 TU. Measured 14C activity for the same locations ranged between 88.45 ± 1.46 and 112.36 ± 1.56 pMC. Lower values were recorded for tributaries: between 8.3 ± 2.1 and 12.2 ± 2.2 TU for tritium and between 67.3 ± 1.29 and 86.04 ± 1.42 pMC for 14C. Despite the nuclear activity in the observed areas, tritium and 14C activities presented slightly higher values for specific locations without any influence on Danube River water.

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Brickner, Wm Scott. "Campaign Finance Reform and Corporate PAC Strategy." Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society 2 (1991): 967–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/iabsproc1991237.

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Kenworthy, M. A., S. N. Mellon, J. I. Bailey, R. Stuik, P. Dorval, G. J. J. Talens, S. R. Crawford, et al. "The β Pictoris b Hill sphere transit campaign." Astronomy & Astrophysics 648 (April 2021): A15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202040060.

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Aims. Photometric monitoring of β Pic in 1981 showed anomalous fluctuations of up to 4% over several days, consistent with foreground material transiting the stellar disk. The subsequent discovery of the gas giant planet β Pic b and the predicted transit of its Hill sphere to within a 0.1 au projected separation of the planet provided an opportunity to search for the transit of a circumplanetary disk (CPD) in this 21 ± 4 Myr-old planetary system. We aim to detect, or put an upper limit on, the density and nature of the material in the circumplanetary environment of the planet via the continuous photometric monitoring of the Hill sphere transit that occurred in 2017 and 2018. Methods. Continuous broadband photometric monitoring of β Pic requires ground-based observatories at multiple longitudes to provide redundancy and to provide triggers for rapid spectroscopic follow-up. These include the dedicated β Pic monitoring bRing observatories in Sutherland and Siding Springs, the ASTEP400 telescope at Concordia, and the space observatories BRITE and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We search the combined light curves for evidence of short-period transient events caused by rings as well as for longer-term photometric variability due to diffuse circumplanetary material. Results. We find no photometric event that matches with the event seen in November 1981, and there is no systematic photometric dimming of the star as a function of the Hill sphere radius. Conclusions. We conclude that the 1981 event was not caused by the transit of a CPD around β Pic b. The upper limit on the long-term variability of β Pic places an upper limit of 1.8 × 1022 g of dust within the Hill sphere (comparable to the ~100 km radius asteroid 16 Psyche). Circumplanetary material is either condensed into a disk that does not transit β Pic, condensed into a disk with moons that has an obliquity that does not intersect with the path of β Pic behind the Hill sphere, or is below our detection threshold. This is the first time that a dedicated international campaign has mapped the Hill sphere transit of an extrasolar gas giant planet at 10 au.

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Richards, Sara. "Pneumococcal vaccination campaign." Primary Health Care 16, no. 2 (March 2006): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.16.2.20.s19.

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Thomas, Sue. "Safer handling campaign." Primary Health Care 6, no. 5 (May 1988): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.6.5.6.s7.

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Mazel, Jean, and Robert Futaully. "The “Sonate” Campaign." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 98 (1988): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100092745.

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“Sonate” (Sondages acoustiques pour l’évaluation de la qualité d’images des téléscopes) – Acoustic sounding to estimate the quality of telescope images – is a prime example of professional/amateur collaboration as it involved 3 professionals and 22 amateurs, who, in order to collect the maximum amount of data, relayed one another in 10-day shifts over a period of 4 months in 1984, using the 1-m telescope at the Pic du Midi. A preliminary campaign with the 2-m telescope in 1982 had shown that the profile of sound waves reflected from the layers above a site could be correlated with the quality of telescopic images at the same site.

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Verhelst, Tom. "Inside the Municipal Lobby: Explaining Local Government Influence on the New EU Public Procurement Directives." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 16, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 193–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/10.4335/16.1.193-214(2018).

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Despite a challenging context, local authorities succeeded in influencing one of the most fiercely debated issues of the new EU Public Procurement Directives (2014): the (conditional) exemption of public-public cooperation (PPC). Using theory-building process-tracing this paper analyses the PPC-case to design a parsimonious causal model of successful municipal lobbying under challenging circumstances. The model represents a composed mechanism that triggered municipal lobby influence through the interplay of three basic parts: a strategic lobby campaign deployed by a strong protagonist, an external opportunity structure underpinning and strengthening the latter and a significantly receptive EU decision-making arena. Furthermore, the case suggests that in challenging lobby cases local government can profit from its distinctive character as an electorally legitimised and politically connected interest group to promote its interests in the EU polity.

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Nlom, Stephane M., Alain R. Ndjiongue, and Khmaies Ouahada. "Cascaded PLC-VLC Channel: An Indoor Measurements Campaign." IEEE Access 6 (2018): 25230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2831625.

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Igboamalu, Frank Nonso, Alain Richard Ndjiongue, Arnold S. deBeer, and Hendrik Christoffel Ferreira. "Contact-less PLC: channel analysis and measurements campaign." Telecommunication Systems 77, no. 2 (March 6, 2021): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11235-021-00766-1.

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Thompson, June. "Safer sanitary protection campaign." Primary Health Care 7, no. 4 (May 1997): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.7.4.2.s3.

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Astarita, Antonello, Mariacira Liberini, Carla Velotti, Ciro Sinagra, and Antonino Squillace. "On the Investigation of the Portevin-Le Chatelier Effect in the Rolling of AA 5083." Key Engineering Materials 710 (September 2016): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.710.175.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate about the Portevin-Le Chatelier Effect (PLC) on a AA 5083 sheet. In order to study the minimizing of the PLC effect, three different rolling cyles have been carried out and an experimental campaign on the three different AA 5083 rolled has been carried out. In particular, the experimental campaign, to better understand the evolution of the phenomena during the rolling process, is based on: microstructural analysis, tensile tests and fractographic observations. Finally it has been found that the greater grain size the smaller the PLC effect, even if this effect cannot be totally removed, furthermore the PLC effect occurs only in the rolling direction. The best rolling cycle is the one that provide a hot rolling until 4mm, then a cold rolling up to 2mm and a final heat treatment of annealing.

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Williams, Kate. "'Night call' campaign needs CN support." Primary Health Care 6, no. 4 (April 1988): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.6.4.5.s2.

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Wright, John. "Campaign Contributions and Congressional Voting on Tobacco Policy, 1980–2000." Business and Politics 6, no. 3 (December 2004): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1066.

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This paper analyzes congressional voting on tobacco issues over two decades. Contrary to existing claims, the analysis shows that the tobacco industry's legislative success is more a function of representatives' regulatory and pro-business ideologies than of tobacco PAC money or a geographically-based tobacco voting bloc. In most cases, the tobacco voting bloc—representatives and senators from major tobacco producing districts and states—is not strong enough to protect and sustain the tobacco price support system, let alone affect the outcome of commercial issues such as cigarette taxes and regulation. The industry's campaign contributions also have sporadic and limited impact on commercial issues affecting tobacco. Only on agricultural issues do tobacco PAC contributions exhibit any influence.

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Endersby, James W., and Michael C. Munger. "The impact of legislator attributes on union PAC campaign contributions." Journal of Labor Research 13, no. 1 (March 1992): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02685453.

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Jones, Michael, Marc Alexander, Marc Höfinger, Miles Barnett, Perry Comeau, and Arthur Gubbels. "In-Flight Test Campaign to Validate PIO Detection and Assessment Tools." Aerospace 7, no. 9 (September 10, 2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace7090136.

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This paper describes a joint research campaign conducted by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the National Research Council Canada (NRC) to explore methods and techniques to expose rotorcraft pilot-induced oscillations (PIOs) during flight testing. A flight test campaign was conducted at NRC using the Bell 205 experimental aircraft. Results show that, particularly for the lateral axis, ADS-33 tasks can be successfully applied to expose PIO tendencies. Novel subjective and objective criteria were used during the test campaign. PIO prediction boundaries of the objective phase-aggression criteria (PAC) detection algorithm were validated through results obtained. This was the first use of PAC with data recorded in-flight. To collect subjective feedback, the aircraft–pilot coupling (APC) scale was used. This was the first use of the novel scale in-flight and received favourable feedback from the evaluation pilot. Modifications to ADS-33 mission tasks were found to successfully improve the ability to consistently expose PIOs.

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Swingle, Mark, Claude-Henry Volmar, S. Adrian Saldanha, Peter Chase, Christina Eberhart, Edward A. Salter, Brandon D’Arcy, et al. "An Ultra-High-Throughput Screen for Catalytic Inhibitors of Serine/Threonine Protein Phosphatases Types 1 and 5 (PP1C and PP5C)." SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery 22, no. 1 (September 27, 2016): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057116668852.

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Although there has been substantial success in the development of specific inhibitors for protein kinases, little progress has been made in the identification of specific inhibitors for their protein phosphatase counterparts. Inhibitors of PP1 and PP5 are desired as probes for research and to test their potential for drug development. We developed and miniaturized (1536-well plate format) nearly identical homogeneous, fluorescence intensity (FLINT) enzymatic assays to detect inhibitors of PP1 or PP5. The assays were used in an ultra-high-throughput screening (uHTS) campaign, testing >315,000 small-molecule compounds. Both assays demonstrated robust performance, with a Z′ of 0.92 ± 0.03 and 0.95 ± 0.01 for the PP1 and PP5 assays, respectively. Screening the same library with both assays aided the identification of class inhibitors and assay artifacts. Confirmation screening and hit prioritization assays used [32P/33P]-radiolabel protein substrates, revealing excellent agreement between the FLINT and radiolabel assays. This screening campaign led to the discovery of four novel unrelated small-molecule inhibitors of PP1 and ~30 related small-molecule inhibitors of PP5. The results suggest that this uHTS approach is suitable for identifying selective chemical probes that inhibit PP1 or PP5 activity, and it is likely that similar assays can be developed for other PPP-family phosphatases.

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Vasiljević, Nikola, Michael Harris, Anders Tegtmeier Pedersen, Gunhild Rolighed Thorsen, Mark Pitter, Jane Harris, Kieran Bajpai, and Michael Courtney. "Wind sensing with drone-mounted wind lidars: proof of concept." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 2 (February 7, 2020): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-521-2020.

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Abstract. The fusion of drone and wind lidar technology introduces the exciting possibility of performing high-quality wind measurements virtually anywhere. We present a proof-of-concept (POC) drone–lidar system and report results from several test campaigns that demonstrate its ability to measure accurate wind speeds. The POC system is based on a dual-telescope continuous-wave (CW) lidar, with drone-borne telescopes and ground-based optoelectronics. Commercially available drone and gimbal units are employed. The demonstration campaigns started with a series of comparisons of the wind speed measurements acquired by the POC system to simultaneous measurements performed by nearby mast-based sensors. On average, an agreement down to about 0.1 m s−1 between mast- and drone-based measurements of the horizontal wind speed is found. Subsequently, the extent of the flow disturbance caused by the drone downwash was investigated. These tests vindicated the somewhat conservative choice of lidar measurement ranges made for the initial wind speed comparisons. Overall, the excellent results obtained without any drone motion correction and with fairly primitive drone position control indicate the potential of drone–lidar systems in terms of accuracy and applications. The next steps in the development are outlined and several potential applications are discussed.

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Tripathi, Micky, Stephen Ansolabehere, and James M. Snyder. "Are PAC Contributions and Lobbying Linked? New Evidence from the 1995 Lobby Disclosure Act." Business and Politics 4, no. 2 (August 2002): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1034.

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This paper uses newly available data from the 1995 Lobby Disclosure Act to assess the argument that PAC contributions are used to gain access to legislators. First, we find a much stronger connection between lobbying and campaign contributions than previous statistical research has revealed—groups that have both a lobbyist and a PAC account for 70 percent of all interest group expenditures and 86 percent of all PAC contributions. Second, we find that groups that engage in relatively large amounts of lobbying-and therefore presumably have a high demand for access—allocate their campaign contributions differently than groups that do not. Groups that emphasize lobbying pay more attention to members' positions of power inside Congress, and less attention to members' electoral circumstances, than other groups. Groups that emphasize lobbying also appear to be more bipartisan and less ideological than other groups, giving more equally to both parties and more broadly across the ideological spectrum.

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McCarty, Nolan, and Lawrence S. Rothenberg. "The Time to Give: PAC Motivations and Electoral Timing." Political Analysis 8, no. 3 (March 23, 2000): 239–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pan.a029815.

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There has been much discussion about how members of Congress desire money early in the campaign season. However, theoretical models of how contributions are allocated during the electoral cycle have been lacking. Our analysis attempts to remedy this gap by providing and testing a model which specifies how the process of bargaining between members of Congress and organized interests produces the pattern of donations observed over the course of the electoral cycle. Most notably, our results suggest that strategic incumbents can receive money early in the campaign if they desire but that they are generally unwilling to pay the price of lower aggregate fundraising and greater provision of access. These findings buttress earlier empirical findings that question the instrumental value of early money. In addition, our results highlight that contribution choices are fundamentally influenced by short-term factors, especially electoral conditions, that do not lend themselves to the routinized behavior necessary for contributors to invest in incumbents for long-run payoffs.

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Fessmann, Jasper. "On Communications War: Public Interest Communications and Classical Military Strategy." Journal of Public Interest Communications 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/jpic.v2.i1.p156.

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Strategic communication disciplines routinely use terms such as strategy, tactics, and objectives that originated in strategic military science. I argue here that a better understanding of classical military strategic thinking is relevant to public interest communications (PIC). Case studies of unscrupulous public relations (PR) campaigns on behalf of vested interests that apply deception, misdirection, and fake news in a war fighting mentality are examined. I argue that such practices need to be understood in the military sense to be detected early and effectively countered in legitimate and honorable ways by organizations fighting for the public interest. The article proposes that a key function of a PIC professional in an organization is to become a PIC Communications Strategos—strategic communications war leader.

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Drennan, Vari. "Effect of obesity prevention campaign on behaviour change." Primary Health Care 22, no. 7 (August 31, 2012): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.22.7.13.s13.

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Piel, S., S. Blondeau, J. Pérot, E. Baurès, and O. Thomas. "Pharmaceutical removal by the activated carbon process." Water Quality Research Journal 48, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2013.138.

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The adsorption of some major pharmaceutical products (sulfamethoxazole, caffeine, iopromide and carbamazepine) in water was evaluated using four types of activated carbon, three powdered activated carbon (PAC) and one fluidized, coagulated and flocculated activated carbon (FAC) extracted from a Carboplus®P pilot. These substances were the most frequently quantified (in 50% of samples at least) in surface waters of the Vilaine's basin (Brittany, France) during three sampling campaigns. Jar test experiments were carried out in order to assess the removal efficiency of the four activated carbons. Carbamazepine and caffeine were well removed with PAC with a maximum removal rate of 80% whereas it was more difficult for sulfamethoxazole and iopromide with a maximum of 39%. For each molecule, removal rates are clearly dependent on PAC nature. The overall results with FAC are clearly distinguishable from PAC tests with gains of performance on all target molecules (from 80 to >95%).

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McKay, Amy. "The Effects of Interest Groups' Ideology on Their PAC and Lobbying Expenditures." Business and Politics 12, no. 2 (August 2010): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1306.

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While the literature on political action committees' (PACs) contributions to congressional campaigns is substantial, one key variable has been missing: the ideology of the PAC. Such a measure is needed to evaluate a normatively important yet unanswered question: to what extent do PACs give to candidates with whom they agree ideologically, as opposed to candidates they may want to influence after the election? This study shows that many interest groups' preferences for an electoral strategy or an access strategy can be predicted by their left-right ideology and their level of ideological extremism. The analysis finds that more ideologically extreme groups and more liberal groups spend more money on PAC contributions relative to lobbying. Further, groups' underlying left-right ideology is also highly predictive of their allocation of PAC contributions between the two parties—even controlling for group type.

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Gleason, Cristi A., and Matthew Glendening. "Lobbying and Opposition to SFAS No. 123(R): An Examination of Campaign Contributions from CEOs and PACs." Accounting Horizons 33, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch-52301.

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SYNOPSIS We examine the contributions of CEOs and company-affiliated political action committees (PACs) to members of Congress who supported a moratorium on the Financial Accounting Standards Board's 2003 proposed standard to require firms to expense stock-based compensation at fair value. Our evidence—based on a sample of firms targeted by shareholder proposals to voluntarily expense employee stock options—indicates that CEOs and PACs had different motivations for lobbying on this policy issue. Specifically, we find that opposition to shareholder proposals varies positively with CEOs' contributions to the moratorium co-sponsors. However, opposition varies positively with PAC contributions to co-sponsors only when the targeted CEO contributes to the PAC. These results suggest that CEO lobbying relates more to executives' interests to preserve excessive pay, whereas PAC lobbying relates more to interests in preserving the level of earnings.

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McCarty, Nolan M., and Keith T. Poole. "An Empirical Spatial Model of Congressional Campaigns." Political Analysis 7 (1998): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/7.1.1.

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Testing and estimating formal models of political behavior has not advanced as far as theoretical applications. One of the major literatures in formal theory is the spatial model of electoral competition which has its origins in the work of Black (1948) and Downs (1957). These models are used to make predictions about the policy positions candidates take in order to win elections. A lack of data on these candidate positions, especially challengers who never serve in Congress, has made direct testing of these models on congressional elections difficult.Recently, researchers have begun to incorporate campaign finance into the standard Downsian model. These models of position-induced contributions examine the tradeoff that candidates make between choosing positions favorable to interest group contributors and positions favorable to voters. A major premise of these models is that interest group contributions are based on the policy positions of candidates. This has been borne out empirically in the case of incumbents, but not challengers.To test key hypotheses of these models, we develop a simple spatial model of position-induced campaign contributions where the PAC's decision to contribute or abstain from each race is a function of the policy distance between the PAC and the candidates. We use data from political action committee contributions in order to estimate the locations of incumbents, challengers and PACs. Our model reliably estimates the spatial positions as well as correctly predicts nearly 74 percent of the contribution and abstention decisions of the PACs. Conditional upon making a contribution, we correctly predict the contribution in 94 percent of the cases. These results are strong evidence for position-induced campaign contributions. Furthermore, our estimates of candidate positions allow us to address issues of platform convergence between candidates.

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Brown, Jennifer L., Katharine Drake, and Laura Wellman. "The Benefits of a Relational Approach to Corporate Political Activity: Evidence from Political Contributions to Tax Policymakers." Journal of the American Taxation Association 37, no. 1 (September 1, 2014): 69–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/atax-50908.

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ABSTRACT Empirical evidence linking campaign financing activity to future firm benefits is mixed. However, theory suggests that an important aspect of a successful political strategy is a multi-period investment in cultivating relationships with key policymakers (Snyder 1992). We examine a specific setting and investigate whether firms that invest in relationships with tax policymakers via campaign contributions accrue greater future tax benefits. We find that firms that pursue a more relational approach to corporate political activity have lower future cash and GAAP effective tax rates (ETRs) and less volatile future cash ETRs. Further, we provide evidence of an incremental effect of tax-specific lobbying for firms that develop stronger relationships with tax policymakers via PAC support. Thus, our study links tax-specific PAC support to tax-specific outcomes, providing an economic link for the observed contribution-return relation documented in Cooper, Gulen, and Ovtchinnikov (2010). Data Availability: All data are publicly available from sources as indicated in the text.

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Bonastia, Christopher. "Black Leadership and Outside Allies in Virginia Freedom Schools." History of Education Quarterly 56, no. 4 (November 2016): 532–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12210.

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In July 1963, students from Queens College (QC) and a group of New York City teachers traveled to Prince Edward County (PEC), Virginia, to teach local black youth in Freedom Schools. The county had eliminated public education four years earlier to avoid a desegregation order. PEC Freedom Schools represented the first major effort to recruit an integrated group of outside teachers and students to educate black students in a civil rights battleground over an entire summer.In contrast to the racial and class tensions that arose between black leaders and predominantly white volunteers in other civil rights campaigns, PEC volunteers willingly deferred to the expertise of local and outside black leaders. This paper identifies the relatively modest scope and well-defined mission of the program, the real-world experiences of volunteers, and the high quality of black leadership as factors that led to this positive outcome.

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Masters, Marick F., and Robert S. Atkin. "Local Union Officers' Donations to a Political Action Committee." Articles 51, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 40–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/051074ar.

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During the 1980s, unions in the United States significantly increased their political activity, partly as a strategic response to declining membership. An important aspect of this effort is contributing money to congressional and presidential candidates through political action committees (PACs). U.S. federal election campaign laws allow unions to raise PAC money from members on a strictly uoluntary basis. Elected local union officers may play an important part in union PAC fundraising, as they are a sizable cadre of potential donors and their donations may send powerful signais to rank-and-file to donate as well. This paper examines the PAC donations among a sample of elected local union officers of the United Steelworkers of America (USW). The descriptive results show significant variation in officers' PAC donations. Regression analyses show that union commitment is a significant predictor of PAC support as is location in a non-right-to-work state. The results have implications for promoting union PAC fundraising efforts, and hence the potential of U.S. unions to rely on political action as a strategy for resurgence.

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Li, Kejun, J. M. Malherbe, J. E. Wiik, B. Schmieder, Th Roudier, T. Kucera, and A. Poland. "Dynamics and Fine Structures in Quiescent Prominences (MSDP/Pic du Midi, SOHO/SUMER and CDS)." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 167 (1998): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100047230.

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AbstractDuring the June 1996 campaign using the MSDP spectrograph at Pic du Midi and SUMER/CDS (JOP 12) on board SOHO, quiescent prominences were observed. We present observations and physical quantities of the June 5 prominence. Doppler shifts, temperatures and electron densities of fine structures were deduced from Hα data.

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Corlin, Laura, Shannon Ball, Mark Woodin, Allison Patton, Kevin Lane, John Durant, and Doug Brugge. "Relationship of Time-Activity-Adjusted Particle Number Concentration with Blood Pressure." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9 (September 18, 2018): 2036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15092036.

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Emerging evidence suggests long-term exposure to ultrafine particulate matter (UFP, aerodynamic diameter < 0.1 µm) is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We investigated whether annual average UFP exposure was associated with measured systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), and hypertension prevalence among 409 adults participating in the cross-sectional Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health (CAFEH) study. We used measurements of particle number concentration (PNC, a proxy for UFP) obtained from mobile monitoring campaigns in three near-highway and three urban background areas in and near Boston, Massachusetts to develop PNC regression models (20-m spatial and hourly temporal resolution). Individual modeled estimates were adjusted for time spent in different micro-environments (time-activity-adjusted PNC, TAA-PNC). Mean TAA-PNC was 22,000 particles/cm3 (sd = 6500). In linear models (logistic for hypertension) adjusted for the minimally sufficient set of covariates indicated by a directed acyclic graph (DAG), we found positive, non-significant associations between natural log-transformed TAA-PNC and SBP (β = 5.23, 95%CI: −0.68, 11.14 mmHg), PP (β = 4.27, 95%CI: −0.79, 9.32 mmHg), and hypertension (OR = 1.81, 95%CI: 0.94, 3.48), but not DBP (β = 0.96, 95%CI: −2.08, 4.00 mmHg). Associations were stronger among non-Hispanic white participants and among diabetics in analyses stratified by race/ethnicity and, separately, by health status.

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Seitz, Arne, Anaïs Luisa Habermann, Fabian Peter, Florian Troeltsch, Alejandro Castillo Pardo, Biagio Della Corte, Martijn van Sluis, et al. "Proof of Concept Study for Fuselage Boundary Layer Ingesting Propulsion." Aerospace 8, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8010016.

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Key results from the EU H2020 project CENTRELINE are presented. The research activities undertaken to demonstrate the proof of concept (technology readiness level—TRL 3) for the so-called propulsive fuselage concept (PFC) for fuselage wake-filling propulsion integration are discussed. The technology application case in the wide-body market segment is motivated. The developed performance bookkeeping scheme for fuselage boundary layer ingestion (BLI) propulsion integration is reviewed. The results of the 2D aerodynamic shape optimization for the bare PFC configuration are presented. Key findings from the high-fidelity aero-numerical simulation and aerodynamic validation testing, i.e., the overall aircraft wind tunnel and the BLI fan rig test campaigns, are discussed. The design results for the architectural concept, systems integration and electric machinery pre-design for the fuselage fan turbo-electric power train are summarized. The design and performance implications on the main power plants are analyzed. Conceptual design solutions for the mechanical and aero-structural integration of the BLI propulsive device are introduced. Key heuristics deduced for PFC conceptual aircraft design are presented. Assessments of fuel burn, NOx emissions, and noise are presented for the PFC aircraft and benchmarked against advanced conventional technology for an entry-into-service in 2035. The PFC design mission fuel benefit based on 2D optimized PFC aero-shaping is 4.7%.

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Bang, Eunnam, Suk-Ho Hong, Yaowei Yu, Kyungmin Kim, Hongtack Kim, Hakkun Kim, Kunsu Lee, and Hyunglyul Yang. "2-D temperature distribution and heat flux of PFC in 2011 KSTAR campaign." Fusion Engineering and Design 88, no. 9-10 (October 2013): 1744–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.04.045.

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Hardy, Bruce W., Jeffrey A. Gottfried, Kenneth M. Winneg, and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. "Stephen Colbert's Civics Lesson: How Colbert Super PAC Taught Viewers About Campaign Finance." Mass Communication and Society 17, no. 3 (May 2014): 329–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2014.891138.

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Andres, Gary J. "Business Involvement in Campaign Finance: Factors Influencing the Decision to Form a Corporate PAC." PS: Political Science & Politics 18, no. 02 (1985): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500021661.

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When Justin Dart, Chairman of Dart Industries, said in 1978, “talking with politicians is a fine thing, but with a little money they hear you better,” his colleagues apparently concurred. As Figure 1 indicates, subsequent to several congressional. Federal Election Commission and Supreme Court decisions which clarified some ambiguity concerning their legality, the surge in corporate PAC growth was extremely impressive. The advent of the growth in corporate PACs represented a fundamental shift in the way business money is funneled into electoral politics. Prior to the 1970s, business executives contributed to politicians in an unsystematic, ad hoc manner. Traditionally, corporate executives got together and bankrolled candidates of their choice with little pressure or need to disclose the recipients of their largess.Gone are those days when the so-called “corporate bag-men” would pass out envelopes filled with cash on the 17th green of some exclusive country club. Today, computerized records of congressmen's roll-call votes and lists of potential PAC contributors have replaced the nine iron as an effective corporate political tool.

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Di Menno di Bucchianico, Alessandro, Mariacarmela Cusano, Raffaela Gaddi, Alessandra Gaeta, Gianluca Leone, Fabio Boccuni, Riccardo Ferrante, Armando Pelliccioni, and Giorgio Cattani. "Indoor and Outdoor Particle Number Concentration in the Sapienza University Campus of Rome." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 14, 2021): 9126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169126.

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Exposure to ultrafine particles has been associated with short- and long-term effects on human health. The object of this paper was to assess Particle Number Concentration (PNC) and size distribution in a university environment and study the indoor/outdoor relationships. Measurements were carried out using co-located (indoor/outdoor) condensation particle counters and size spectrometers during two seasonal periods characterized by different meteorological conditions at five selected classrooms different for size, capacity, floor and use destination. PNC was dominated by particles in the ultrafine mode both indoor and outdoor. The indoor/outdoor ratios were on average between 1 and 1.2 in the summer and between 0.6 and 0.9 in the winter. Mostly the differences found among classrooms could be related to the condition of use (i.e., crowding, natural air exchange, air conditioning, seasonality). Only little differences were found among PNC measured immediately outside the classrooms. Based on information taken during the measurement campaigns, on the classrooms condition of use, it was possible to assess as a source of indoor particles in the coarse mode, the presence of students and teachers.

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Workman, Jennifer K., Stefanie G. Ames, Ron W. Reeder, E. Kent Korgenski, Susan M. Masotti, Susan L. Bratton, and Gitte Y. Larsen. "Treatment of Pediatric Septic Shock With the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines and PICU Patient Outcomes*." Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 17, no. 10 (October 2016): e451-e458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pcc.0000000000000906.

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Andres, Gary J. "Business Involvement in Campaign Finance: Factors Influencing the Decision to Form a Corporate PAC." PS 18, no. 2 (1985): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/419098.

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Gheusi, F., F. Ravetta, H. Delbarre, C. Tsamalis, A. Chevalier-Rosso, C. Leroy, P. Augustin, et al. "Pic 2005, a field campaign to investigate low-tropospheric ozone variability in the Pyrenees." Atmospheric Research 101, no. 3 (August 2011): 640–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.04.014.

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Conti-Ramsden, Gina, Dorothy V. M. Bishop, Becky Clark, Courtenay Frazier Norbury, and Margaret J. Snowling. "Specific Language Impairment (SLI): The Internet Ralli Campaign to Raise Awareness of SLI." Psychology of Language and Communication 18, no. 2 (August 1, 2014): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plc-2014-0011.

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Abstract In this short article, we discuss what is specific language impairment (SLI) and why it is a hidden disability that few people have heard about. We describe the impact on research, policy and practice of SLI being a neglected condition. We end by providing the background and rationale of a new internet campaign, RALLI (www.youtube.com/rallicampaign), aimed at changing this state of affairs and raising awareness of SLI.

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Elfeki, Imène, Sébastien Jacques, Ismail Aouichak, Thierry Doligez, Yves Raingeaud, and Jean-Charles Le Bunetel. "Characterization of Narrowband Noise and Channel Capacity for Powerline Communication in France." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 2, 2018): 3022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113022.

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Narrowband powerline communication (NB-PLC) systems represent a key step for the real development of smart grids’ applications in the medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) networks. This article sums up the results of a complete experimental measurement campaign aimed at investigating the low voltage NB-PLC channel in the frequency range from 9 to 500 kHz in various sites (i.e., rural, urban etc.) located in France. The noise features in time-frequency representation are studied at five different sites between the transformer substation and the smart electricity meter. The main contribution of this study consists in estimating the theoretical channel capacity which constitutes a major interest for the users and actors of the electrical system. The channel capacity calculation shows reliable results in the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) band (a few Mbits/s). The quality of the communication in the FCC band enables to integrate new smart grids’ applications and services based on the existing NB-PLC communication for advanced metering infrastructure (AMI).

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Kirchgeorg, Torben, Ingo Weinberg, Annekatrin Dreyer, and Ralf Ebinghaus. "Perfluorinated compounds in marine surface waters: data from the Baltic Sea and methodological challenges for future studies." Environmental Chemistry 7, no. 5 (2010): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en10039.

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Environmental context.Perfluorinated compounds are man-made chemicals of emerging environmental concern because of their global distribution in water, air and biota. We investigate the distribution of these chemicals in surface water of the Baltic Sea, a unique ecosystem and the world’s largest body of brackish water. The observed contamination was of the same order of magnitude as classical persistent organic pollutants in the world’s oceans, and decreased with lower population density in the Baltic Sea catchments. Abstract.Poly- and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are chemicals of emerging environmental concern. Except for very few coastal sites, PFC contamination of the Baltic Sea has not been investigated. In order to assess the PFC contamination of Baltic Sea water and evaluate the spatial distribution of PFCs, 74 surface water samples from the entire Baltic Sea were taken during two sampling campaigns in the summer of 2008 and analysed for PFCs. Of 40 analysed PFCs, 13 were detected at concentrations below 1 ng L–1, which indicates a rather low PFC contamination of Baltic Sea surface water. Usually, PFOA was the analyte observed in highest concentrations followed by PFNA, PFBS, and PFOS. PFC concentrations decreased from the Kattegat to the Bothnian Bay and the Gulf of Finland, reflecting the decreasing population density and thus the potential contamination in corresponding catchments or the decreasing influence of potentially contaminated North Sea water.

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LI, ZHAO. "How Internal Constraints Shape Interest Group Activities: Evidence from Access-Seeking PACs." American Political Science Review 112, no. 4 (August 3, 2018): 792–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055418000382.

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Interest groups contribute much less to campaigns than legally allowed. Consequently, prevailing theories infer these contributions must yield minimal returns. I argue constraints on PAC fundraising may also explain why interest groups give little. I illuminate one such constraint: access-seeking PACs rely on voluntary donations from affiliated individuals (e.g., employees), and these PACs alienate donors with partisan preferences when giving to the opposite party. First, difference-in-differences analysis of real giving shows donors withhold donations to access-seeking PACs when PACs contribute to out-partisan politicians. Next, an original survey of corporate PAC donors demonstrates they know how their PACs allocate contributions across parties, and replicates the observational study in an experiment. Donors’ partisanship thus limits access-seeking PACs’ fundraising and influence. This provides a new perspective on why there is little interest group money in elections, and has broad implications for how partisan preferences and other internal constraints shape interest group strategy.

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Journal articles on the topic 'PPC campaigns'

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