Relevant bibliographies by topics / PPP method

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'PPP method'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "PPP method"

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Sterle, Oskar, Bojan Stopar, and Polona Pavlovčič Prešeren. "PPP method for static GNSS survey." Geodetski vestnik 58, no. 03 (2014): 466–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2014.03.466-481.

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Alcay, Salih, Omer Faruk Atiz, and Sermet Ogutcu. "Comparison of RT-PPP and RT-PPP-AR Methods." Academic Perspective Procedia 3, no. 1 (October 25, 2020): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.03.01.61.

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The Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is an absolute positioning method which emerged as an alternative to the relative positioning method. This method is widely used in many applications in recent years. In this method the static and kinematic positioning can be performed with high accuracy by using single GNSS receiver. In the last few years, the PPP method has started to be used in real time (RT-PPP) thanks to the real-time precise products (satellite orbit and clock data) produced by different organizations like IGS, BKG, CNES, ESA, EUREF, GFZ etc. The high interest in RT-PPP has accelerated the development of this method and many software have been developed. Recently, some of the software have ability to apply integer ambiguity resolution (AR). For this purpose, in this study the positioning performance of RT-PPP method was tested using two options of PPP-WIZARD software (RT-PPP, RT-PPP-AR). Three IGS stations were chosen in different geographical regions. The real-time coordinates of the stations belong to the observation period of about 4 hours were derived simultaneously with the RT-PPP and RT-PPP-AR options in 1 second epoch interval. The results obtained are given in a comparative approach.
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Jy, Wenche, Andrew Lin, Loreta Bidot, Jaehoon Bang, Eugene Ahn, Lawrence L. Horstman, Joaquin J. Jimenez, Carlos J. Bidot, and Yeon-Soong Ahn. "A Significant Fraction of ADAMTS13 Activity Is Associated with Activated Platelets and Their Microparticles (PMP): Implication for Regulating ADAMTS13 Activity." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1066.1066.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Deficiency of ADAMTS13, vWF cleaving protease, is known to be associated with TTP and some other microangiopathies, but low levels were reported in other diseases such as ITP, DIC, lupus and other thromboses. Although inhibitory autoantibodies were demonstrated in TTP, the mechanisms underlying reduced levels of ADAMTS13 in other disorders remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that ADAMTS13 is associated with cell membranes and derived microparticles, especially from activated platelet and their microparticles (PMP), which could modulate the enzyme activities of ADAMTS13. METHODS: PRP was prepared by centrifuging citrated normal blood for 10 min at 160×g, and PPP by further centrifuging for 10 min at 3,000×g, and particle-free plasma (PFP) by further centrifuging for 15 min at 20,000×g. ADAMTS13 activity was assayed by the FRETS-VWF73 method of Kokame et al [Br J Haematol 129:93, 2005] using the Fluoroskan Ascent plate reader. Platelets were activated by ADP (10 μM) or ionophore A23187 (2 μM). RESULTS: The ADAMTS13 activity (A) of pooled PPP of 10 controls was defined as 100%. (1) In vitro study: (1a) ADAMTS13 activity was not significantly different between PPP and resting PRP. However, if the platelets in PRP were first activated by ADP for 1hr, a significant reduction of activity was observed (A = 85 ±7%, p<0.05). If the activated platelets were removed, the activity of the supernatant fell to 79 ±10% p<0.05) of the control level, and was further reduced by higher centrifugation to remove PMP (A = 66 ±12%, p<0.01). (1b) Activation by A23187, a stronger agonist producing 2–3 fold more PMP than ADP (confirmed by flow cytometry), induced a more dramatic reduction in PRP (A = 78±8%, p<0.01), and after removal of platelets (A = 71 ±11%, p<0.01), and after removal of PMP (48 ±11%, p<0.01). (1c) Interestingly, resuspending the activated platelets did not restore ADAMTS13 activity, although resuspending the PMP did partially restore the activity. (2) In vivo study: PPP from 13 patients (6 ITP, 4 APS, 3 lupus) were analyzed. The majority (11/13) of PPP samples lost activity after removal of PMP (A = 79 ±12% in PPP vs. 64 ±11% in PFP; p <0.02). CONCLUSION: These data show that a significant but variable fraction of ADAMTS13 activity is associated with activated platelets and PMP. This has several implications. First, distinguishing soluble from membrane-bound ADAMTS13 may lead to better correlation of activities with clinical findings, and may help explain low levels of ADAMTS13 in some disorders associated with platelet activation and high PMP. Second, this interaction may play a role in regulating ADAMTS13 activity. Third, membrane-bound ADAMTS13 may clear more readily from circulation, therefore inhibiting platelet activation or MP formation may have benefits for the management of microangiopathies.
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Xu, Zhao, Xiang Wang, Ya Xiao, and Jingfeng Yuan. "Modeling and performance evaluation of PPP projects utilizing IFC extension and enhanced matter-element method." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 8 (April 19, 2020): 1763–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-08-2019-0429.

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PurposeThere is often a lack of accurate performance evaluation in Public–Private Partnership (PPP) projects. It is a challenging issue to effectively use Building Information Modeling (BIM) for PPP project performance evaluation. The objective of this study is to develop a PPP project performance evaluation model based on Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and an enhanced matter-element method to more precisely evaluate PPP project performance.Design/methodology/approachThe performance evaluation of PPP projects in the construction and operation period was explored. The PPP project performance evaluation indicator system was first established based on a literature review and PPP project practice. Then, the evaluation indicator information was expressed through IFC mapping and extension. After that, an IFC-based PPP project performance evaluation model was developed, and a case study was provided to validate the use of the proposed performance evaluation model.FindingsThe results of the case study show that the proposed approach can accurately and efficiently evaluate PPP projects, and it could favorably contribute to performance evaluation in PPP projects.Research limitations/implicationsThis study only concerns the performance evaluation of one type of PPP project. Further research is required to study different types of PPP projects; the model needs to be more efficient and intelligent.Originality/valueThe performance evaluation of PPP projects utilizing IFC extension and the enhanced matter-element method provides guidance for the government and private parties to accurately and efficiently evaluate PPP project performance.
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Balasubramanian, K. "Graph theory and the PPP method." Journal of Mathematical Chemistry 7, no. 1 (December 1991): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01200832.

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Krasuski, Kamil, Janusz C´wiklak, and Henryk Jafernik. "Aircraft positioning using PPP method in GLONASS system." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 90, no. 9 (November 14, 2018): 1413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-06-2017-0147.

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Purpose The purpose of the study is focused on implementation of Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) technique in civil aviation for recovery of aircraft position using Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method in kinematic mode. Design/methodology/approach The aircraft coordinates of Cessna 172 plane in XYZ geocentric frame were obtained based on GLONASS code and phase observations for PPP method. The numerical computations were executed in post-processing mode in the RTKPOST module in RTKLIB program. The mathematical scheme of equation observation of PPP method was solved using Kalman filter in stochastic processing. Findings In paper, the average accuracy of aircraft position is about 0.308 m for X coordinate, 0.274 m for Y coordinate, 0.379 m for Z coordinate. In case of the mean radial spherical error (MRSE) parameter, the average value equals to 0.562 m. In paper, the accuracy of aircraft position in BLh geodesic frame were also showed and described. Research limitations/implications The PPP method can be applied for determination the coordinates of receiver, receiver clock bias, Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) parameter and ambiguity term for each satellite. Practical implications The PPP method is a new technique for aircraft positioning in air navigation. The PPP method can be also used in receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) module in aircraft-based augmentation system (ABAS) system in air transport. The typical accuracy for recovery the aircraft position is about cm ÷ dm level using the PPP method. Social implications The paper is destined for people who work in area of geodesy, navigation, aviation and air transport. Originality/value The work presents the original research results of implementation the GLONASS satellite technique for recovery the aircraft position in civil aviation. Currently, the presented research PPP method is used in precise positioning of aircraft in air navigation based on global positioning system and GLONASS solutions.
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Krasuski, Kamil, Damian Wierzbicki, and Henryk Jafernik. "Utilization PPP method in aircraft positioning in post-processing mode." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 90, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-05-2016-0078.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the implementation of GNSS technique in aviation for recovery of aircraft’s position using Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method. Design/methodology/approach The aircraft’s coordinates in ellipsoidal frame were obtained based on GPS code and phase observations for PPP method. The numerical computations were executed in post-processing mode in the CSRS-PPP and magicPPP online services. The mathematical scheme of PPP method was development using indifference equations of Ionosphere-Free linear combination. In the experiment, airborne test using Cessna 172 aircraft on June 01, 2010 in the military airport in Deblin was realized. The aircraft’s position was determined using data from GNSS receiver (Topcon HiperPro with interval of 1 s). Findings In this paper, the accuracy of aircraft’s position is better than 0.07 m for CSRS-PPP service and better than 0.27 m for magicPPP service. In case of the Mean Radial Spherical Error parameter, the average value for CSRS-PPP service equals to 0.01 m, whereas for magicPPP, it is about 0.38 m. The values of vertical coordinate of Cessna 172 aircraft were also checked with results of Real Time Kinematic–On The Fly technique. Research limitations/implications In this paper, the analysis of aircraft positioning is focused on the application of the PPP method in post-processing mode. In near real time, the PPP method still has limitations, especially in the area of ambiguity resolution and also instrumental biases (e.g. Narrow Lane Hardware Delays). Practical implications The PPP method can be applied in aviation in post-processing mode for verification of true aircraft coordinates and elimination of blunder errors from adjustment processing of GNSS observations. The Zenith Wet Delay term as a product of troposphere delay and receiver clock bias as a product of precise time transfer can be obtained in the PPP method. Originality/value The paper presents that the PPP method is an alternative solution for the recovery of aircraft’s position in aviation, and this method can be also applied in the positioning of aircraft based on GLONASS or GPS/GLONASS data.
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Luo, Jian Guo, and Jian You Han. "New Type of PPP-S[T]-PPP Hybrid Cubic Manipulator." Advanced Materials Research 181-182 (January 2011): 516–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.181-182.516.

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A new type of hybrid cubic manipulator with six degree of freedom(DOF) suggested based on traditional serial manipulator and parallel manipulator, three dimensional translation and rotation of output shaft obtained through lineal driving. Define the description of spacial moving capability of common couples and translation base and rotation base of mechanism, based on the fact of mechanism consists of components, a new description method by topological graph theory of components relationship suggested, new description of serial mechanism and parallel mechanism and hybrid mechanism obtained with this method, description elements include component pane and constrained component pane and component relationship line and constrained component relationship line and spacial relative moving capability between adjacent components. DOF(degree of freedom) of hybrid mechanism analysised with example based on the definition of dimensionity of branch spacial moving capability and mechanism spacial moving capability, necessary and sufficient condition of nonsingularity of mechanism presented. Method of analytic geometry used to find the regular cuboid of the reachable working space shape of mechanism, the volume of the reachable working space rest with the limit of translation of couplers, its influential factors obtained, still the rotational angle limits of output shaft at given configuration analysised through the method of drawing, and limit length of guideway etc. are the primary influential factors.
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Xiaoqiang, Ren, and Chen Ranran. "PPP Model Applicability Evaluation of Sewage Treatment Project Based on the Dual Perspective of Government and Private Sector." E3S Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125101005.

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At present, the applicability evaluation perspective of PPP mode of sewage treatment project in China is single, and the operability of evaluation method is poor. On the basis of the existing evaluation methods, combined with the characteristics of China’s sewage treatment projects, this paper establishes the applicability evaluation model of PPP mode of sewage treatment projects from the dual perspectives of government and private sectors, and introduces the psc-ppp value comparison method and the marketability theory to evaluate the value for money. The research results show that the method is feasible and has practical reference value for the applicability evaluation of PPP mode in sewage treatment projects.
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Zhao, Nan, and Fei Ying. "Method selection: a conceptual framework for public sector PPP selection." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 9, no. 2 (June 10, 2019): 214–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-01-2018-0018.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish a conceptual framework to assist decision makers in identifying an appropriate decision-supporting method (DSM) to evaluate public-private partnership (PPP) contract types in a disciplined and systematic manner. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review was conducted to compare and analyse DSMs in construction procurement processes, and explore the benefits and limitations of using DSMs. A conceptual framework is then developed to accommodate client characteristics when selecting DSM in a PPP context. An example was obtained to illustrate the implementation of the proposed framework. Findings DSMs employed in the procurement method selection are identified by using a systemic literature review. The benefits and limitations of each DSM are established and comparisons of DSMs are provided to fit the client characteristics and a conceptual framework is developed to assist decision makers in choosing DSM for contract selection. Originality/value This paper demonstrates a link between DSMs and PPP contracts which adds value at the stage of PPP contract evaluation. Also, the proposed framework sheds some light on an important aspect of the public sector to consider the improvement of current policies (PPP framework/guideline).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PPP method"

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Lui, Chih-Hung. "Molecular design and synthesis of coumarin fluorescent dyes." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/572.

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Pereira, Luiz Antonio. "Atualização da rede GPS de São Carlos e a avaliação do método PPP em comparação com o ajustamento de redes geodésicas." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4268.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:00:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2300.pdf: 6404032 bytes, checksum: e8ddeb3d63aa24d2f243dee3d1114c99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-20
Atulim (2002) and Racanicchi (2003) had planned and implemented a geodetic GPS network in São Carlos city, which needed maintenance and revision. The proposals of this dissertation had consisted of: i) to bring up to date the GPS geodetic network in the city of São Carlos and to make it compatible with the SIRGAS2000 (Geocentric Reference System of Americas 2000), with new network adjustment and injunction in two geodesic vertices in the urban area of São Carlos, homologated by the IBGE after the implantation of the original geodetic network in 2003; ii) to evaluate and to compare the new results of the geodetic network coordinates obtained with the relative positioning through the tracking of artificial satellites, according to technology NAVSTAR/GPS and adjusted through the Least Squares Method, with results of coordinates obtained through the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) Method, processed by PPP on-line services. Analyzing the results obtained in this dissertation, it was possible to evaluate that the application of PPP Method, since that followed the specific orientations of each on-line service used, takes care perfectly to the required to support of cadastral registry and location services for the most varied purposes, however it does not substitute yet other services that demand highest degree of accuracy only obtained with vectors and network adjustment with statistical control of processes that demand high computational activity.
Atulim (2002) e Racanicchi (2003) planejaram e implantaram uma rede geodésica GPS no município de São Carlos, que necessitou de manutenção e revisão. As propostas desta dissertação consistiram em: i) atualizar a rede geodésica GPS no município de São Carlos e compatibilizá-la com o SIRGAS2000 (Sistema de Referência Geocêntrica das Américas 2000), com novo ajustamento da rede geodésica e injuncionamento em dois vértices geodésicos na área urbana de São Carlos, homologados pelo IBGE após a implantação da rede geodésica original; ii) avaliar e comparar os novos resultados das coordenadas da rede geodésica de São Carlos obtidas com posicionamento relativo através do rastreamento de satélites artificiais, segundo a tecnologia NAVSTAR/GPS (Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging/Global Positioning System) e ajustadas através do Método dos Mínimos Quadrados (MMQ), com os resultados das coordenadas obtidas através do Método de Posicionamento Pontual Preciso (PPP), processadas por serviços de cálculo de PPP on-line. Analisando os resultados obtidos nesta dissertação, foi possível avaliar que a aplicação do Método PPP, desde que seguidas as orientações específicas de cada serviço on-line utilizado, atende perfeitamente à exigência requerida para apoiar serviços de cadastro e locação para as mais variadas finalidades, porém não substitui ainda outros serviços que demandam alto grau de exatidão conseguidas somente com vetores e ajustamento de rede com controle estatístico de processos que demandam alta atividade computacional.
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Stuive, Ilse. "A comparison of confirmatory factor analysis methods: oblique multiple group method versus confirmatory common factor method." [S.l. : Groningen : s.n. ; University Library of Groningen] [Host], 2007. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/305281992.

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Jílek, Petr. "Výběr kvantitativních a kvalitativních metod pro komplexní hodnocení PPP projektů." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264252.

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Abstract Dissertation deals with theoretical concepts and providing the basis for the use of forms of financing and acquisition of public goods and services through partnerships between the public and private sectors, as well as PPP (Public Private Partnership). Suitability PPP project in this work is assessed primarily in terms of developing a new methodology for evaluating projects. The theoretical part of the thesis aims to clarify the issue of PPPs in the context of regional and local regional development theories, principles and mechanisms of PPP legislative and institutional backing of the PPP, clarify the distinction between PPP and public procurement procedures and current assessment of PPP projects. The practical part focuses on the development of a methodology using a selection of qualitative and quantitative methods for evaluating investments and to form a complex output that will clearly and distinctly testify about the appropriateness of using the PPP method. For this purpose it is used in work processes, which are normally used for business valuation-generators values, property valuation, yield valuation, valuation based on market analysis, combining technologies and their incorporation / recast in the current assessment methodology, which is based on a Public Sector Comparator and determinants of value for money
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Silva, Diogo Miguel Santos Graça Nunes da. "A eficiência das PPP no sector hospitalar em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19941.

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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais
Nas últimas décadas, temos assistido à proliferação de novos instrumentos de gestão pública, nomeadamente das parcerias público-privadas (PPP). A saúde tem sido uma das principais áreas-alvo deste modelo de gestão, mais concretamente a nível hospitalar. Em Portugal, cabe ao parceiro privado, para além da gestão da infraestrutura, a gestão dos serviços clínicos e a prestação dos cuidados de saúde, tornando estas parcerias ainda mais complexas e multifacetadas. Apesar da utilização das PPP no sector da saúde, existe alguma controvérsia sobre se este modelo é realmente mais eficiente que o público. Neste sentido, o presente estudo tem como objectivo a comparação da eficiência entre a gestão dos hospitais em regime de PPP em Portugal - Braga, Vila Franca de Xira, Loures e Cascais e a dos hospitais públicos, no período entre 2013 e 2017. Para este efeito, foi selecionado um grupo homogéneo de hospitais comparáveis que incluiu 30 hospitais públicos e os 4 hospitais PPP. Para a avaliação da eficiência, foram utilizadas duas abordagens - Econométrica e Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA). Em ambas as metodologias, testou-se o efeito do tipo de gestão na eficiência dos hospitais analisados. A eficiência hospitalar foi traduzida por rácios e scores no âmbito da metodologia econométrica e da análise DEA, respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os hospitais PPP foram, em média, mais eficientes que os públicos no período analisado.
Over the last decades, we have witnessed the proliferation of new public management models, such as public-private partnerships (PPP). Health has been one of the main target areas of this management model, specifically at the hospital level. In Portugal, the private partner is also responsible for the clinical service management and health care delivery, in addition to infrastructure management, making these partnerships even more complex and multifaceted. Albeit the popularity of PPP in healthcare, there is still some controversy whether this model is more efficient than the public one. In this context, the present study aims to compare the efficiency between the management of the 4 PPP hospitals in Portugal - Braga, Vila Franca de Xira, Loures and Cascais and the public hospitals, between 2013 and 2017. For this purpose, a homogeneous group of comparable hospitals was selected, including 30 public hospitals and the 4 PPP hospitals. For efficiency evaluation, two approaches were used - Econometric and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). In both methodologies, the effect of management type on hospital efficiency was tested. Hospital efficiency was explained by ratios and scores within the econometric methodology and DEA analysis, respectively. The results showed that PPP hospitals were, on average, more efficient than public hospitals over the analyzed period.
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Bekker, Hendrik. "Molecular dynamics simulation methods revised." [Groningen] : [Groningen] : Rijksuniversiteit Groningen ; [University Library Groningen] [Host], 1996. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/14860532X.

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Gullberg, Daniel. "Optimal trading with transaction costs using a PMP gradient method." Thesis, KTH, Optimeringslära och systemteori, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188811.

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This thesis considers a portfolio optimization problem with linear transaction costs, as interpreted by Ampfield Aktiebolag, and analyses it by using a gradient method based on Pontryagin's maximum principle (PMP). First the problem is outlined and afterwards it turns out that a gradient PMP method is easy to employ and gives reasonable solutions. As with many gradient methods the convergence is very slow, but a good estimate could possibly be found in sub-second time with the right implementation and computer. The strength of the method is the good complexity, linear in the number of time steps and quadratic in the number of dimensions for each iteration. This is compared with quadratic and dynamic programming which have polynomial and exponential complexity respectively. The main weakness, apart from slow convergence, lies in the assumptions that have to be made. All functions, such as the volatility and transaction costs, are considered to only depend on time, not the transactions made. Using the method in this thesis on a more realistic problem would be difficult, why the PMP gradient method is most suited for a preliminary analysis of the problem.
Detta examensarbete analyserar ett portföljoptimeringsproblem med linjära transaktionskostnader, såsom det är tolkat av Ampfield Aktiebolag, med hjälp av en gradient metod baserad på Pontryagins maximumprincip, eller PMP. Först presenteras problemet och efteråt visar det sig att en gradientmetod är enkel att applicera och ger rimliga lösningar. Som för många gradientmetoder är konvergensen väldigt långsam, men en rimlig approximation kan möjligen hittas på under en sekund med rätt realisation och dator. Styrkan hos metoden är den goda komplexiteten, linjär i antalet tidssteg och kvadratisk i antalet dimensioner per iteration. Detta jämförs med kvadratisk och dynamisk programmering, som respektive har polynomiell och exponentiell komplexitet. Den största svagheten, förutom långsam konvergens, ligger i antagandena som måste göras. Alla funktioner, såsom volatiliteten och transaktionskostnaderna, antas bara bero på tiden, inte transaktionerna som gjorts. Att använda metoden i detta arbete på ett mer realistiskt problem skulle vara svårt, varför gradientmetoden lämpar sig bäst för en preliminär analys av problemet.
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Hulst, Anthony Jacques Ronald Lambert. "New methods for the enantiomeric excess determination using NMR." [S.l. : Groningen : s.n. ; University Library of Groningen] [Host], 1994. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.

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Hamer, Andrew Joseph. "Njáls saga and its Christian background a study of narrative method /." [S.l. : Groningen : s.n. ; University Library of Groningen] [Host], 2008. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/306076527.

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Isaacs, Sarah Elizabeth. "The Pop-Up Project: Participatory Action Research Exploring the Pop-Up Museum Concept." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1483536528677311.

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Books on the topic "PPP method"

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Russell, Paige. Pop Pop Pop! Baltimore, MD: Smarterville Productions, 2008.

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Chall, Jeanne Sternlicht. Chall-Popp phonics. Elizabethtown, PA: Continental Press, 2001.

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Don't trip, pip! Mankato, Minnesota: Amicus, 2015.

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Powell, Marie. Stop, pop! Mankato, MN: Amicus Readers are published by Amicus, 2016.

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American Academy of Family Physicians and American Academy of Pediatrics, eds. PPE: Preparticipation physical evaluation. 4th ed. [Elk Grove Village, Ill.]: American Academy of Pediatrics, 2010.

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Boon, Mathilde E. The pap smear. 2nd ed. Leiden, Netherlands: Coulomb Press Leyden, 1993.

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H, Suurmeijer Albert J., ed. The Pap smear. 3rd ed. Australia: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1996.

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Bertrand, Ina. Media research methods: Audiences, institutions, texts. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

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Graglia, Roberto D., Giuseppe Pelosi, and Stefano Selleri, eds. International Workshop on Finite Elements for Microwave Engineering. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-968-9.

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When Courant prepared the text of his 1942 address to the American Mathematical Society for publication, he added a two-page Appendix to illustrate how the variational methods first described by Lord Rayleigh could be put to wider use in potential theory. Choosing piecewise-linear approximants on a set of triangles which he called elements, he dashed off a couple of two-dimensional examples and the finite element method was born. … Finite element activity in electrical engineering began in earnest about 1968-1969. A paper on waveguide analysis was published in Alta Frequenza in early 1969, giving the details of a finite element formulation of the classical hollow waveguide problem. It was followed by a rapid succession of papers on magnetic fields in saturable materials, dielectric loaded waveguides, and other well-known boundary value problems of electromagnetics. … In the decade of the eighties, finite element methods spread quickly. In several technical areas, they assumed a dominant role in field problems. P.P. Silvester, San Miniato (PI), Italy, 1992 Early in the nineties the International Workshop on Finite Elements for Microwave Engineering started. This volume contains the history of the Workshop and the Proceedings of the 13th edition, Florence (Italy), 2016 . The 14th Workshop will be in Cartagena (Colombia), 2018.
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Mark, Harrison. The pop piano book: A complete method for playing piano and keyboards in contemporary styles. [Sherman Oaks, CA] (P.O. Box 56505, Sherman Oaks, 91413): Harrison Music Education Systems, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "PPP method"

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Zhang, Xinli, Tianjin Wang, and Sihan Li. "A Projection Pursuit Combined Method for PPP Risk Evaluation." In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management, 1522–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59280-0_128.

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Zhang, Huayi, Daolong Wang, Xinghua Zhou, and Yanxiong Liu. "The Measurement of Wave Parameter Based on PPP Method." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 239–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37398-5_23.

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Gao, Yang, Wentao Zhang, and Yihe Li. "A New Method for Real-Time PPP Correction Updates." In International Symposium on Earth and Environmental Sciences for Future Generations, 223–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2016_255.

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Jin, Kaidi, Hongzhou Chai, Changjian Liu, and Chuhan Su. "An Improved Clock Jump Detection Method in Real - Time PPP." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 234–41. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3711-0_21.

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Ge, Yulong, Shuo Ding, Peipei Dai, Xuhai Yang, WeiJin Qin, and Ye Yu. "The Method of BDS PPP Time Transfer Considering Clock Modeling." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 520–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3711-0_46.

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Du, Zhenqiang, Hongzhou Chai, Xiao Yin, Chunhe Liu, and Mingchen Shi. "A Method for PPP Ambiguity Resolution Based on Bayesian Posterior Probability." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 324–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3707-3_31.

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Wang, Han, Yun Sui, Denghui Wang, Haiyang Fu, and Shaojun Feng. "Un-difference PPP Method and Performance Assessment Based on Regional Ionospheric Model." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 684–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3711-0_61.

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Gao, Xu-kuo, and Xiao-hu Chen. "Partner Selection About the PPP Reclaimed Water Project Based on Extension Evaluation Method." In The 19th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 411–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38391-5_42.

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Xiong, Guoqiang, Yang Chai, Yue Cao, and Xian Wang. "Influence Factors on Investment Efficiency of the Agriculture PPP Project based on DEA-Tobit Method." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 30–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21248-3_3.

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Zou, Xuan, Weiming Tang, Chuang Shi, and Jingnan Liu. "A New Ambiguity Resolution Method for PPP Using CORS Network and its Real-time Realization." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 161–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29175-3_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "PPP method"

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"China's PPP Legal Mechanism and Its Measurement Method." In 2020 International Conference on Social Sciences and Social Phenomena. Scholar Publishing Group, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38007/proceedings.0001105.

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Pfnür, Andreas, Kevin Meyer, and Maria Braunschweig. "PPP as an alternative procurement method for corporates." In 22nd Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. European Real Estate Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2015_121.

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Wrona, Maciej. "USING GNSS KINEMATIC PPP METHOD FOR VEHICLE POSITIONING." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b21/s8.116.

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Weihua Yang, Yanan Yang, Xiushan Wang, and Fenghai Zhang. "Two-stage decision-making method of PPP project model selection." In 2012 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsess.2012.6269545.

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Kalinnikov, Vlad, Alexander Ustinov, Renat Zagretdinov, Alexander Tertyshnikov, and Nikolay Kosarev. "The Precise Point Positioning Method (PPP) in environmental monitoring applications." In XXV International Symposium, Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics, edited by Gennadii G. Matvienko and Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2539130.

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Zhu, Xi. "Rural Infrastructure PPP Project Risks Analysis Based on Monte Carlo Method." In Proceedings of the 2018 3rd International Conference on Education, E-learning and Management Technology (EEMT 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceemt-18.2018.26.

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Zhai, Yue, Jun Fang, and Xiaolong Zhang. "Investment Risk Assessment Method of PPP Project Based on QPSO-LSSVM." In International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management 2020. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483237.010.

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Xiao-Hui, Li. "Analysis of PPP Mode for Nanchang's Infrastructures Based on Data Analysis Method." In 2015 Seventh International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmtma.2015.42.

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Kubo, Nobuaki, Daisuke Hatta, Kaito Kobayashi, and Kyohei Aoki. "Improved Integration Method of Wide-area RTK/PPP with IMU and Odometer." In 2020 International Technical Meeting of The Institute of Navigation. Institute of Navigation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2020.17177.

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Asari, Koki, Masayuki Saito, and Izumi Mikami. "Capturing Method of Millimeter Displacement in Centimeter Class PPP-RTK Measured Data." In ION 2019 Pacific PNT Meeting. Institute of Navigation, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2019.16812.

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Reports on the topic "PPP method"

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Mamakos, L., K. Lidl, J. Evarts, D. Carrel, D. Simone, and R. Wheeler. A Method for Transmitting PPP Over Ethernet (PPPoE). RFC Editor, February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2516.

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Martini, L., E. Rosen, G. Heron, and A. Malis. Encapsulation Methods for Transport of PPP/High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) over MPLS Networks. RFC Editor, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4618.

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Reichel, Ina. New Method of Dispersion Correction in the PEP-II Low Energy Ring. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/763860.

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Camerini, U., D. B. Cline, J. G. Learned, A. K. Mann, L. K. Resvanis, and P. J. Wanderer. Two methods to measure the e/sup /plus minus// polarization at PEP. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6841614.

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Emery, K. A., D. Waddington, S. Rummel, D. R. Myers, T. L. Stoffel, and C. R. Osterwald. SERI results from the PEP 1987 Summit Round Robin and a comparison of photovoltaic calibration methods. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6265570.

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Haney, Richard H., Eric Darve, Mohammad P. Ansari, Rohit Pataki, AmirHossein AminFar, and Dale Shires. Analysis and Implementation of Particle-to-Particle (P2P) Graphics Processor Unit (GPU) Kernel for Black-Box Adaptive Fast Multipole Method. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada625090.

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Rusk, Todd, Ryan Siegel, Linda Larsen, Tim Lindsey, and Brian Deal. Technical and Financial Feasibility Study for Installation of Solar Panels at IDOT-owned Facilities. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-024.

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The Smart Energy Design Assistance Center assessed the administrative, technical, and economic aspects of feasibility related to the procurement and installation of photovoltaic solar systems on IDOT-owned buildings and lands. To address administrative feasibility, we explored three main ways in which IDOT could procure solar projects: power purchase agreement (PPA), direct purchase, and land lease development. Of the three methods, PPA and direct purchase are most applicable for IDOT. While solar development is not free of obstacles for IDOT, it is administratively feasible, and regulatory hurdles can be adequately met given suitable planning and implementation. To evaluate IDOT assets for solar feasibility, more than 1,000 IDOT sites were screened and narrowed using spatial analytic tools. A stakeholder feedback process was used to select five case study sites that allowed for a range of solar development types, from large utility-scale projects to small rooftop systems. To evaluate financial feasibility, discussions with developers and datapoints from the literature were used to create financial models. A large solar project request by IDOT can be expected to generate considerable attention from developers and potentially attractive PPA pricing that would generate immediate cash flow savings for IDOT. Procurement partnerships with other state agencies will create opportunities for even larger projects with better pricing. However, in the near term, it may be difficult for IDOT to identify small rooftop or other small on-site solar projects that are financially feasible. This project identified two especially promising solar sites so that IDOT can evaluate other solar site development opportunities in the future. This project also developed a web-based decision-support tool so IDOT can identify potential sites and develop preliminary indications of feasibility. We recommend that IDOT begin the process of developing at least one of their large sites to support solar electric power generation.
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Pichler, Rupert. The Research Financing Act. A New Framework for Publicly Funded Research in Austria and its Impact on Evaluation. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2021.514.

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On 7 July 2020, the National Council – the first chamber of the Austrian Parliament – passed a package of legislation introducing a new framework for the methods of allocating federal budgets to research, technology, and innovation (RTI). Its core is the Research Financing Act (RFA), complemented by several amendments to existing laws that are necessary for its implementation. Entry into force was on 25 July 2020, the amendments became effective as of 1 January 2021 (BGBl1. I No. 75/20202). The RFA is the biggest legislative project in the field of RTI policy since 2004 when the Research Funding Agency (FFG) was established (Pichler et al. 2007, pp. 329-336; Stampfer et al. 2010, pp. 775-776). For the first time, budget law regulations are now aligned with the needs of institutions performing or funding RTI (Pichler 2021). This article outlines the background and content of the RFA and concludes with a view on the significance of evaluation within the new system.
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Safeguarding through science: Center for Plant Health Science and Technology accomplishments, 2012. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7204382.aphis.

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The Center for Plant Health Science and Technology (CPHST) supports the regulatory decisions and operations of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service’s (APHIS) Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) program through methods development, scientific investigation, analyses, and technology. This annual report provides an informative overview of the Center’s accomplishments and projects.
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Safeguarding through science: Center for Plant Health Science and Technology Accomplishments, 2010. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7204383.aphis.

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The Center for Plant Health Science and Technology (CPHST) supports the regulatory decisions and operations of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service’s (APHIS) Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) program through methods development, scientific investigation, analyses, and technology. This annual report provides an informative overview of CPHST’s many accomplishments and projects.
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