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Journal articles on the topic 'PPS roughness'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Guo, Li, Huan Qin Zhu, and Yuan Bao Sun. "Friction and Wear Studies on Polyphenylene Sulfide Filled with a Complex Mixture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 184-185 (June 2012): 1400–1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.184-185.1400.

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The tribological behavior of PPS filled with molybdenum-concentrate (MC) deposit from Armenia was studied. The deposit MC was a complex mixture of compounds such as MoS2, SO2, CuS, Al2O3, and others. Whereas MC as the filler in particulate form reduced the steady state wear rate of PPS, the optimum reduction in wear was found to occur with the addition of PTFE along with PPS. The behavior of PPS composites made with MC and PTFE sliding against a steel counterface was investigated as a function of the MC and PTFE proportions, sliding speed, and counterface roughness. Of all the above factors, t

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Najim, A. Saad, and A. Kadhum Ola. "Enhancement of Tribological and Mechanical Behavior of Polyphenylene Sulfide Reinforced by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles." Key Engineering Materials 724 (December 2016): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.724.20.

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In present work, the influences of TiO2 nanoparticles addition on the tribological and mechanical behavior of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) were investigated. The composites samples containing TiO2 nanoparticles at various percentages (0, 1, 3, and 6 wt. %) were prepared by melt mixing process using single screw extruder at 325 °C and 20 rpm. A pin-on-disc sliding test machine was used for measurement of wear volume and the friction coefficient. The counterface was made of steel carbide with roughness 0.1 μm Ra. The tests were run at a sliding speed of 0.4 m/s and 1 m/s, the contact pressure 0.6

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3

Xu, Zhenyu, and Ning Li. "Effects of surface microstructure and molding parameters on injection bonding strength of polyphenylenesulphide-aluminum alloy." Materials Express 10, no. 5 (2020): 640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2020.1688.

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The direct injection molding process of PPS-aluminum alloy composite parts under vacuum condition was conducted and the processing parameters were optimized through the numerical simulation and orthogonal test design. The effect of surface microstructure of the aluminum alloy splines and injection molding processing parameters on the bonding strength of the composite parts were discussed. The results show that the bonding strength of the composite parts increases with not only the increase in the diameter and quantity of the microscopic pores and also the surface roughness of the aluminum allo

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4

Iwakura, K., Y. D. Wang, and M. Cakmak. "Effect of Biaxial Stretching on Thickness Uniformity and Surface Roughness of PET and PPS Films." International Polymer Processing 7, no. 4 (1992): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/217.920327.

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5

Kelkar, Kshitija, Meghan E. Gray, Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca, et al. "The time delay between star formation quenching and morphological transformation of galaxies in clusters: a phase–space view of EDisCS." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 486, no. 1 (2019): 868–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz905.

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Abstract We explore the possible effect of cluster environments on the structure and star formation histories of galaxies by analysing the projected phase–space (PPS) of intermediate-redshift clusters (0.4 ≤ z ≤ 0.8). HST I−band imaging data from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey (EDisCS) allow us to measure deviations of the galaxies’ light distributions from symmetric and smooth profiles using two parameters, Ares (‘asymmetry’) and RFF (residual flux fraction or ‘roughness’). Combining these structural parameters with age-sensitive spectral indicators ($H_{\delta \rm {A}}$, $H_{\gamma \rm {A}}$

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Datta, Anurup, Samik Dutta, Surjya K. Pal, Ranjan Sen, and Sudipta Mukhopadhyay. "Texture Analysis of Turned Surface Images Using Grey Level Co-Occurrence Technique." Advanced Materials Research 365 (October 2011): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.365.38.

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The main purpose of this work was to study the applicability of an image texture analysis method, namely, the grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) method for the examination of the smoothness of the images of a turned surface. The effect of the variation of the pixel pair spacing (pps) on the construction of the GLCM was also considered and then, contrast and homogeneity were calculated from the GLCMs which served as texture descriptors for the quality of the machined surface. Finally, the variation of these texture descriptors with cutting time was analyzed and compared with the variation o

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METTÄNEN, MARJA, and ULRICH HIRN. "A comparison of five optical surface topography measurement methods." January 2015 14, no. 1 (2015): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/10.32964/tj14.1.27.

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The results of optical surface topography measurement techniques have been questioned in the past because of possible measurement artifacts due to light penetration into the paper. We compared the topography measurement results from five optical techniques: laser profilometry, shape-from-focus, stripe projection, chromatic sensing, and photometric stereo. These techniques were tested on coated and uncoated papers with a PPS roughness range from 0.7 μm to 7.7 μm. We made the measurement results directly comparable by measuring exactly the same regions on the paper samples and registering the re

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8

Santos, Alberto Lima, Edson Cocchieri Botelho, Konstantin Georgiev Kostov, Mario Ueda, and Leide Lili G. da Silva. "Carbon Fiber Surface Modification by Plasma Treatment for Interface Adhesion Improvements of Aerospace Composites." Advanced Materials Research 1135 (January 2016): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1135.75.

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This paper is focused on the processing of thermoplastic composite materials obtained from carbon fibers (CFs) treated by plasma assisted techniques. The treatments employed in this work were the Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD), which is done at atmospheric pressure, involving lower energies and the Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (PIII), which is performed at low pressure, involving higher energies. After the treatments, samples characterizations were performed to determine which treatment is most effective to get better physico-chemical CF surface properties. The techniques employed in

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9

Hata, Tomonobu, Tsuguyasu Hatsuda, Makoto Kawakami, and Yasushi Sato. "Observation of Surface Roughness by PAS using Transparent Transducer and Photothermal Deflection Sepectroscopy (PDS)." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 24, S1 (1985): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.24s1.204.

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10

Obilanade, Didunoluwa, Christo Dordlofva, and Peter Törlind. "SURFACE ROUGHNESS CONSIDERATIONS IN DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING - A LITERATURE REVIEW." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 2841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.545.

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AbstractOne often-cited benefit of using metal additive manufacturing (AM) is the possibility to design and produce complex geometries that suit the required function and performance of end-use parts. In this context, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is one suitable AM process. Due to accessibility issues and cost-reduction potentials, such ‘complex’ LPBF parts should utilise net-shape manufacturing with minimal use of post-process machining. The inherent surface roughness of LPBF could, however, impede part performance, especially from a structural perspective and in particular regarding fatigu

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11

Huang, Yangcai, and Raymond K. Moore. "Roughness Level Probability Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1592, no. 1 (1997): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1592-11.

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The accuracy of pavement condition prediction is a major concern associated with a pavement management system (PMS). The PMS used by the Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) includes a project-level optimization system that requires models that estimate the probability of a given level of distress occurring. These models are based on historical pavement condition data and specific project-level data concerning pavement structural characteristics, traffic, and climatic conditions. Multiple linear regression and two artificial neural network (ANN) structures are used to predict roughness d

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Nešković, Nemanja, and Goran Mladenović. "Methodologies for assessing the longitudinal roughness of airport taxiways and runways." Put i saobraćaj 65, no. 1 (2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31075/pis.65.01.01.

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13

Yu, Yueqiang, Minzheng Jiang, Suling Wang, et al. "Impact of Particle Size on Performance of Selective Laser Sintering Walnut Shell/Co-PES Powder." Materials 14, no. 2 (2021): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020448.

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The agricultural and forestry waste walnut shell and copolyester hot-melt adhesives (Co-PES) powder were selected as feedstock. A kind of low-cost, low-power consumption, and environmentally friendly walnut shell/Co-PES powder composites (WSPC) was used for selective laser sintering (SLS). Though analyzing the size and morphology of walnut shell particle (≤550 μm) as well as performing an analysis of surface roughness, density, and mechanical test of WSPC parts with different particle sizes, results showed that the optimal mechanical performance (tensile strength of 2.011 MPa, bending strength

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Gonçalves, Letícia Machado, Petrus Levid Barros Madeira, Rafael Soares Diniz, et al. "Effect of Terminalia catappa Linn. on Biofilms of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata and on Changes in Color and Roughness of Acrylic Resin." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (July 7, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7481341.

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of the n-butanol fraction of Terminalia catappa Linn., (FBuTC) on biofilm of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, as well as changes in color and roughness of polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA). The susceptibility of C. albicans and C. glabrata to FBuTC was evaluated by means of the Minimum Inhibitory and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MIC and MFC). PMMA acrylic resin discs (N= 108) were fabricated. For the susceptibility tests, biofilms of C. albicans and C. glabrata were developed on discs for 48 h and immersed in phosphate-saline buffer solu

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15

Bonilla-Cruz, José, Jo Ann C. Sy, Tania E. Lara-Ceniceros та ін. "Superhydrophobic μ-pillars via simple and scalable SLA 3D-printing: the stair-case effect and their wetting models". Soft Matter 17, № 32 (2021): 7524–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sm00655j.

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We highlight surface fabrication of μ-PLS with a tilted orientation and dual roughness-scale along the X–Y plane exhibiting a superhydrophobic effect by using a fast and affordable SLA 3D printer. Wetting models to explain our findings were used.

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16

Zimmennann, Lorenz, Martin Weibel, Walter Caseri, and Ulrich W. Suter. "High refractive index films of polymer nanocomposites." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 7 (1993): 1742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.1742.

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Solutions of PbS particles and gelatin were used for the preparation of nanocomposites by a spin-coating process. This allows for the preparation of nanocomposite films with controlled thickness, e.g., between 40 nm and 2 μm for a film containing 45 wt.% PbS. Surface roughness and film thickness were investigated by surface profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The refractive index at 632.8 nm can be expressed by a linear function of the volume fraction of PbS in the range of 0 to 55 vol. % PbS. In this range, the refractive index increases from 1.5 to 2.5 with increasing PbS ra

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17

Lee, Dongwhi, Yun Jeong Cha, Youngbin Baek, Shin Sik Choi, and Yunho Lee. "Relationships among Permeability, Membrane Roughness, and Eukaryote Inhabitation during Submerged Gravity-Driven Membrane (GDM) Filtration." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22 (2020): 8111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10228111.

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Gravity-driven membrane (GDM) filtration is one of the promising technologies for decentralized water treatment systems due to its low cost, simple operation, and convenient maintenance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the permeability of submerged GDM filtration with three different membranes, i.e., polyethersulfone and polyvinylidene difluoride ultrafiltration (PES-UF and PVDF-UF) and polytetrafluoroethylene microfiltration membrane (PTFE-MF). The GDM system was operated using lake water for about one year. The determined average permeability values were high for PVDF-UF (192.9 L

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18

Mozia, Grylewicz, Zgrzebnicki, Darowna, and Czyżewski. "Investigations on the Properties and Performance of Mixed-Matrix Polyethersulfone Membranes Modified with Halloysite Nanotubes." Polymers 11, no. 4 (2019): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040671.

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Ultrafiltration (UF) polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were prepared by wet phase inversion method. Commercial halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in the amount of 0.5–4 wt % vs PES (15 wt %) were introduced into the casting solution containing the polymer and N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent. The morphology, physicochemical properties and performance of the membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), zeta potential, porosity and contact angle analyses, as well as permeability measurements. Moreover, the antifouling properties of the membranes

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19

Li, Ying-Na, Han Li, Hui Ye, Yu-Zhong Zhang, and Ying Chen. "Preparation and characterization of poly(ether sulfone)/fluorinated silica organic–inorganic composite membrane for sulfur dioxide desulfurization." High Performance Polymers 31, no. 1 (2018): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008317752072.

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The highly hydrophobic poly(ether sulfone)/fluorinated silica (PES/fSiO2) organic–inorganic composite membrane for sulfur dioxide (SO2) desulfurization was prepared by incorporating the fSiO2 particles on the PES membrane via sol–gel process and fluorination. The formation of PES/fSiO2 organic–inorganic composite membrane was examined by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and water contact angle. The experimental results showed that the fSiO2 inorganic

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20

Cumbaa, Steven L. "Using the International Roughness Index for Profilograph Trace Reduction." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1536, no. 1 (1996): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153600113.

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Current Louisiana acceptance specifications for 100 percent payment require Profile Indexes (PIs) completed pavement surface to as low as 3.0 in./mi for flexible pavements and 6.0 in./mi for rigid pavements. These acceptance specifications are currently among the most stringent in the United States. Requiring an acceptance PI value of less than 7.0 in./mi when using the California-style profilograph and the 0.2 in. blanking band is unacceptable unless the blanking band is eliminated from the procedure. Louisiana's efforts to replace the blanking-band evaluation procedure with a procedure that

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21

Saprykina, N. A., and A. A. Saprykin. "Improvement of Surface Layer Formation Technology for Articles Produced by Layer-by-Layer Laser Sintering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 379 (August 2013): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.379.56.

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Mathematical relation between roughness of the surface layer of the sintered article and layer-by-layer laser sintering modes obtained from experiments conducted using copper powder material PMS-1. Authors suggest that split manufacturing process of an article and its inner part must be split to roughing, semi-finishing and finishing modes.

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22

Fernando, Emmanuel G. "Evaluation of Relationship Between Profilograph and Profile-Based Roughness Indexes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1699, no. 1 (2000): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1699-17.

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The relationship between the profilograph profile index (PI) and the international roughness index (IRI) is evaluated. To accomplish this evaluation, profile data taken on 48 overlaid test sections were used in profilograph simulations to predict the profilograph response to the measured profiles. The PIs determined were then correlated with IRIs computed from the profile data to evaluate relationships between these roughness statistics. The results show that the PI based on the null blanking band is more strongly related to the IRI than the corresponding index determined using the 5-mm blanki

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23

Paek, Soae L. "Effect of Scaling Method on Perception of Textiles." Perceptual and Motor Skills 60, no. 1 (1985): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1985.60.1.335.

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This study examined the effect of scaling methods on tactual ratings of fabrics. Four tactile attributes, namely, stiffness, thickness, roughness, and warmth, of 11 test fabrics with a wide variety of tactual qualities were evaluated by 75 college students enrolled in textile courses. The tactual ratings of all four attributes evaluated by touch and sight and touch were significantly correlated. The tactual evaluation made on a 7-point semantic differential scale on each test fabric was compared with tactual ranking by paired-comparison method. Significant correlations were found between two r

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24

Cui, Xu, Gui Long Liu, Chun Lu, and Shuo Wang. "Study on the Influence of Low Temperature Plasma Treatment on the Interfacial Property of Thermoplastic Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 389 (August 2013): 330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.330.

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The roughness and stripe of the carbon fiber surface is increased, what is in favour of the combination of fiber and resin, and also increases the active ingredient of fiber surface, by using the low temperature plasma on carbon fiber surface treatment. In this paper, we research the influence of CF/PES-C material ILSS with low temperature plasma treatment. Experimental results show that the low temperature plasma treatment improves the interfacial adhesion performance of CF/PES-C composite material, so that it mends the interfacial property of the composites.

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25

Tonholo, Josealdo, Roberta Alves Pinto Moura Penteado, José Ginaldo Júnior, et al. "Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Microhybrid and Nanofilled Composites after pH-Cycling and Simulated Toothbrushing." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 11, no. 6 (2010): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-11-6-17.

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Abstract Aim This study evaluated the surface roughness patterns of two resin-based composite restorative materials, a microhybrid (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE) and a nanofilled (Filtek Supreme, 3M ESPE), subjected to a regimen that simulated dynamic pH-cycling and toothbrushing. Methods and Materials Twelve standardized cylindrical specimens of each resin-based composite material were prepared, finished, and mechanically polished. The experimental units were submitted to a pH-cycling regimen followed by 50,000 toothbrushing cycles, after which the surface roughness was measured using an atomic force

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26

Sun, Xu Dong, Guang Fen Li, Yu Zhong Zhang, Yu Xiang Li, and Hong Li. "Preparation of Super-Hydrophobic Polyethersulphone Membrane by Sol-Gel Method." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 839–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.839.

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Super-hydrophobic membrane has received extensive attention from basic theories and practical applications. The properties of the super-hydrophobicity of membrane are strongly dependent on the prepared method, which is attracting increasing concerns worldwide. The properties of super-hydrophobic membrane are dominated by many factors including the chemical composition and the morphology of the surface. In this work, a simple method to fabricate super-hydrophobic membrane with weak hydrophilic polyethersulphone (PES) via a sol-gel process is reported. The weak hydrophilic PES membrane was used

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27

Gevari, Moein Talebian, Ayhan Parlar, Milad Torabfam, Ali Koşar, Meral Yüce, and Morteza Ghorbani. "Influence of Fluid Properties on Intensity of Hydrodynamic Cavitation and Deactivation of Salmonella typhimurium." Processes 8, no. 3 (2020): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8030326.

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In this study, three microfluidic devices with different geometries are fabricated on silicon and are bonded to glass to withstand high-pressure fluid flows in order to observe bacteria deactivation effects of micro cavitating flows. The general geometry of the devices was a micro orifice with macroscopic wall roughness elements. The width of the microchannel and geometry of the roughness elements were varied in the devices. First, the thermophysical property effect (with deionized water and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)) on flow behavior was revealed. The results showed a better performance

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28

Saprykina, N. A., A. A. Saprykin, and S. M. Emelyanenko. "Influence of Layer-by-Layer Laser Sintering Modes on the Roughness and Thickness of Sintered Layer of Copper Powder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 756 (April 2015): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.756.214.

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Quality improvement problem has been considered for a laser sintered surface layer. Purposely built experimental setup was described together with a four-factor experiment design on laser sintering PMS-1 copper powder. A mathematical model describing the effect of laser sintering process parameters on the surface roughness has been proposed. Practical recommendation for improving the quality of the surface layer is given.

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Han, Chae-Min, Jong-Hee Shin, Jung-Bae Kwon, Jong-Soo Kim, Jong-Gun Won, and Jong-Sang Kim. "Comparison of Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of a Floury Rice Variety upon Pre-Harvest Sprouting." Foods 10, no. 4 (2021): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10040746.

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Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) severely reduces rice grain yield, significantly affects grain quality, and leads to substantial economic loss. In this study, we aimed to characterize the physicochemical properties and processing quality of the Garumi 2 flour rice variety under PHS conditions and compare them with those of the Seolgaeng, Hangaru, Shingil, and Ilpum rice varieties and the Keumkang wheat variety. Analysis of the molecular structure of starch revealed uniform starch granules, increased proportions of short-chain amylopectin in DP 6–12 (51.0–55.3%), and enhanced crystallinity (30.7–35

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Wojciechowski, Szymon, Paweł Twardowski, and Michał Wieczorowski. "SURFACE TEXTURE ANALYSIS AFTER BALL END MILLING WITH VARIOUS SURFACE INCLINATION OF HARDENED STEEL." Metrology and Measurement Systems 21, no. 1 (2014): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mms-2014-0014.

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Abstract In this paper, an analysis of various factors affecting machined surface texture is presented. The investigation was focused on ball end mill inclination against the work piece (defined by surface inclination angle a. Surface roughness was investigated in a 3D array, and measurements were conducted parallel to the feed motion direction. The analysis of machined surface irregularities as a function of frequency (wavelength A), on the basis of the Power Density Spectrum - PDS was also carried out. This kind of analysis is aimed at valuation of primary factors influencing surface roughne

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Chen, Ning, Ming Guo, Feng Zhao, et al. "Feasibility of Biological Applications for Zirconium Nitride Powders Synthesized by Gas–Solid Elemental Combination Method." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, no. 6 (2019): 3319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16119.

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ZrN powders were successfully synthesized via a facile, economical and efficient gas–solid elemental combination method. The feasibility of biological applications for the ZrN powders were further studied. Firstly, the physical properties including hardness, density and surface roughness were characterized. These results indicated remarkable physical property of ZrN with the harness, density and surface roughness of 551.6 gf · mm−2, 6.47 g cm−3 and 0.11 μm, respectively. Then the in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated and the hemolysis activity was also performed in red blood cells (RBCs) of mice

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32

Ghadhban, Maryam Y., Hasan Shaker Majdi, Khalid T. Rashid, et al. "Removal of Dye from a Leather Tanning Factory by Flat-Sheet Blend Ultrafiltration (UF) Membrane." Membranes 10, no. 3 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10030047.

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In this work, a flat-sheet blend membrane was fabricated by a traditional phase inversion method, using the polymer blends poly phenyl sulfone (PPSU) and polyether sulfone (PES) for the ultrafiltration (UF) application. It was hypothesized that adding PES to the PPSU polymer blend would improve the properties of the PPSU membrane. The effect of the PES concentration on the blend membrane properties was investigated extensively. The characteristics of PPSU-PES blend membranes were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measure, and co

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Kotsilkova, Rumiana, Irena Borovanska, Peter Todorov, et al. "Tensile and Surface Mechanical Properties of Polyethersulphone (PES) and Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Membranes." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 48, no. 3 (2018): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jtam-2018-0018.

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Abstract Mechanical properties of polymer membranes (strength, hardness and elasticity) are very important parameters for the application performance, e.g. water purification. We study the tensile and surface mechanical properties of hollow fiber and flat sheets mat membranes based on PES and PVDF polymers. Tensile test, nanoindentation and atom force microscopy are used for characterization at macro and nanoscale. Mechanical properties are correlated with pore structure of membranes. The reinforced PVDF HF hollow fiber membranes show 30-fold higher stiffness and 3-fold higher hardness compare

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Kim, Kwangbae, and Ohsung Song. "Properties of Urea Added Perovskite Solar Cells according to ZrO2 Electronic Transport Layer Thicknesses." Korean Journal of Metals and Materials 59, no. 1 (2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3365/kjmm.2021.59.1.67.

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The properties of 6 mM urea added perovskite solar cells (PSCs) according to ZrO2 electron transport layer (ETL) thicknesses of 204, 221, 254, and 281 nm were examined. A solar simulator was used to characterize the photovoltaic properties of the cell. Optical microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope were used for the microstructure analysis, and a 3D profiler was used to analyze surface roughness. UV-VIS-NIR was used to analyze transmittance. From the photovoltaic analysis result, an energy conversion efficiency (ECE) of 14.93% was exhibited by the cell with a 221 nm-ZrO2 la

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35

Lu, Zhaoqing, Yongsheng Zhao, Zhiping Su, Meiyun Zhang, and Bin Yang. "The Effect of Phosphoric Acid Functionalization of Para-aramid Fiber on the Mechanical Property of Para-aramid Sheet." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 13, no. 3 (2018): 155892501801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501801300303.

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The mechanical properties of para-aramid sheet (PAS) are mainly dependent on the interfacial property between para-aramid chopped fibers and fibrids. However, the chemical inertness and smooth surface of para-aramid chopped fiber lead to the poor interfacial adhesion between para-aramid chopped fibers and fibrids. In this study, para-aramid chopped fiber was treated by phosphoric acid (PA) solution with different concentration in order to prepare PAS with high mechanical strength. It was shown that PA -treatment can increase the surface roughness and improve the surface oxygen-containing activ

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So, Byung Soo, Sung Moon Kim, Young Sin Pyo, Young Hwan Kim, and Jin-Ha Hwang. "Electrical/Optical Properties of Thin Transparent Oxide Films Deposited Using DC Magnetron Sputtering." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 989–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.989.

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Amorphous indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were grown on plastic substrates, PES (polyethersulfone) using low temperature DC magnetron sputtering. Various post-annealing techniques are attempted to optimize conductivity, transmittance, and roughness: i) conventional thermal annealing, ii) excimer laser annealing, and iii) UV irradiation. The electrical/optical properties were measured using Hall-measurement, DC 4-point resistance measurement, and UV spectrometry along with micro-structural characterization. Optimized UV treatment exhibits enhanced conductivity and smooth surface, compared to

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Panzarini, Luz Consuelo Gonzalez Alonso, Andreia de Araújo Morandim-Giannetti, and Selma Matheus Loureiro Guedes. "Manufacture of non-thrombogenic polymer surfaces by gamma irradiation to induce simultaneous grafting and heparinization of thin PVC films." Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 36, no. 4 (2021): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08839115211030634.

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Investigations regarding alternative methods for producing polymeric materials with hydrophilic properties have increased considerably. In this context, polymeric biomaterials with hemocompatible surface properties have been successfully obtained by grafting hydrophilic monomers onto commercial polymer films by simultaneous irradiation processes. In this study, simultaneous irradiation and grafting were used to produce a copolymer PVC-co-DMAEMA-co-heparin with hemocompatible surface properties. Characterization by FTIR of the graft copolymer indicates that the increase in monomer grafting leve

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Aleadelat, Waleed, and Khaled Ksaibati. "Estimation of Pavement Serviceability Index Through Android-Based Smartphone Application for Local Roads." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2639, no. 1 (2017): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2639-16.

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The Wyoming Technology Transfer Center is in the process of developing a pavement management system (PMS) for county paved roads in Wyoming. This PMS uses the present serviceability index (PSI) as a main pavement performance parameter. This PMS depends on pavement condition index, international roughness index, and pavement rutting as explanatory variables to estimate PSI. This study researched new explanatory variables measured by using smartphones’ sensors to estimate PSI. It was found that the variance of the signals (time series acceleration data) acquired by smartphones’ accelerometers co

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Shalaby, Ahmed, and Alan Reggin. "Optimization of data collection needs for manual and automated network-level pavement condition ratings based on transverse variability and neural networks." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 2 (2007): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-126.

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The paper deals with two approaches to optimizing pavement condition surveys for the urban pavement network of the City of Winnipeg, Manitoba. First, a nonparametric statistical test was applied to assess the transverse variability of the data. The test compared the ratings for one lane with those of all lanes of each segment. The test concluded that the medians of the two groups are equal at a 92% confidence interval and that there are observed biases in the data. The bias can be eliminated if the surveyed lane is selected randomly. The second approach was to predict visual survey scores from

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TAKEDA, Shin-ichi, Ryujiro WADA, and Isao TARI. "AFM Observation of Change in Surface Roughness of Soda-Lime Silicate Glass in Aqueous Solutions with Various pHs." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 108, no. 1254 (2000): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj.108.1254_144.

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Violin, Kalan Bastos, Tamiye Simone Goia, Kunio Ishikawa, José Carlos Bressiani, and Ana Helena de Almeida Bressiani. "Manufacturing of Porous Ceramic Spheres Using Calcium Phosphates, by a Mechanical Method without Additives or Binders." Advances in Science and Technology 87 (October 2014): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.87.113.

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The processing of porous ceramics spheres (PCS) has been developed for biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP), hydroxyapatite (HAp) and beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in order to be used mostly as bone fillers and drug delivery systems. The importance of the PCS is due to better accommodation of them in order to fill empty spaces and also because is more friendly to cells and bone tissue growth. Also is important to obtain a surface roughness to increase the surface area in contact with the living tissue and their fluids. There are several methods used to achieve the PCS form and most of them us

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Nadir, Ismara, Nosheen Fatima Rana, Nasir Mahmood Ahmad, et al. "Cannabinoids and Terpenes as an Antibacterial and Antibiofouling Promotor for PES Water Filtration Membranes." Molecules 25, no. 3 (2020): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030691.

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Plant phytochemicals have potential decontaminating properties, however, their role in the amelioration of hydrophobic water filtration membranes have not been elucidated yet. In this work, phytochemicals (i.e., cannabinoids (C) and terpenes (T) from C. sativa) were revealed for their antibacterial activity against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. As such, a synergistic relationship was observed between the two against all strains. These phytochemicals individually and in combination were used to prepare polyethersulfone (PES) hybrid membranes. Membrane characterizations wer

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Wongpanya, Pornwasa, Sarayut Tunmee, Chanan Euaruksakul, Prayoon Songsiriritthigul, and Nirun Witit-Anun. "Corrosion Behaviors and Mechanical Properties of CrN Film." Advanced Materials Research 853 (December 2013): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.853.155.

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Corrosion behaviors and mechanical properties of CrN film were evaluated. The CrN film was deposited on the surface of H13 steel by the magnetron sputtering method. The corrosion behaviors of the uncoated and CrN coated samples were studied in air-saturated 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution with various solution pHs, i.e., pH 2, 7 and 10 at 27°C by the electrochemical technique. The mechanical properties of the CrN coated samples were evaluated using nanohardness, ball on disk and scratch testers. The results revealed that the CrN coated samples had higher corrosion resistance than the uncoated samples a

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Astrova, Ekaterina V., V. A. Tolmachev, Yulia A. Zharova, Galya V. Fedulova, A. V. Baldycheva, and Tatiana S. Perova. "Silicon Periodic Structures and their Liquid Crystal Composites." Solid State Phenomena 156-158 (October 2009): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.156-158.547.

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This paper summarises results on the design, fabrication and characterisation of one-dimensional (1D) Photonic Crystals (PCs) for silicon micro-photonics. Anisotropic and photo-electrochemical etching were used to obtain silicon wall arrays with a high aspect ratio. The characteristics of these wet etching techniques, including their advantages and disadvantages are considered. Optical reflection and transmission spectra of the photonic structures fabricated were characterised by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) micro-spectroscopy over a wide spectral range of =1.5-14.5m. These measurement

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Cao, Tiandong, Fangrui Dong, Pengfei Zhang, et al. "Surface Modification of 3D-Poly(glycerol-sebacate)/ Poly(L-lactic-acid) Porous Scaffolds by Oxygen Plasma Enhances Proliferation and Differentiation of Goat Temporomandibular Joint Disc Cells." Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 9, no. 12 (2019): 1653–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2019.2208.

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3D poly(glycerol-sebacate)/poly(L-lactic-acid) (PGS/PLLA) scaffolds, produced by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method were treated with oxygen plasma in order to reduce the hydrophobicity of the PGS/PLLA membranes. After the oxygen plasma treatment, the pore size of scaffolds became uniform as well as an increasing in the roughness of the surface. No influence on chemical characteristics such as composition and bond types of PLLA was detected after the treatment. However, the change in the ratio of the scaffold elements before and after the oxygen plasma treatment was detected. Oxy

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Rowe, Molly, Guo Hui Teo, James Horne, Omar Al-Khayat, Chiara Neto, and Stuart C. Thickett. "High Glass Transition Temperature Fluoropolymers for Hydrophobic Surface Coatings via RAFT Copolymerization." Australian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 7 (2016): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch15787.

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The preparation of polymer thin films or surface coatings that display a static water contact angle >95° often requires hierarchical roughness features or surface functionalization steps. In addition, inherently hydrophobic polymers such as fluoropolymers often possess low glass transition temperatures, reducing their application where thermal stability is required. Herein, the first reported synthesis of 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene (PFS) and N-phenylmaleimide (NMI) via reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT)-mediated free radical polymerization is presented, with a view to

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Abdallah, H., M. S. Shalaby, and A. M. H. Shaban. "Performance and Characterization for Blend Membrane of PES with Manganese(III) Acetylacetonate as Metalorganic Nanoparticles." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/896486.

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This study describes the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of performance of blend Polyethersulfone (PES) with manganese(III) acetylacetonate Mn(acac)3to produce reverse osmosis blend membrane. The manganese(III) acetylacetonate nanoparticles were prepared by a simple and environmentally benign route based on hydrolysis of KMnO4followed by reaction with acetylacetone in rapid stirring rate. The prepared nanoparticle powder was dissolved in polymer solution mixture to produce RO PES/Mn(acac)3blend membrane, without any treatment of Polyethersulfone membrane surface. The membrane mor

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Kuo, Chin-Chiuan, Chi-Chang Liu, Yaug-Fea Jeng, Chung-Chih Lin, Yeuh-Yeong Liou, and Ju-Liang He. "Thickness Dependence of Optoelectrical Properties of Mo-Doped In2O3Films Deposited on Polyethersulfone Substrates by Ion-Beam-Assisted Evaporation." Journal of Nanomaterials 2010 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/840316.

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Indium molybdenum oxide (IMO) films were deposited onto the polyethersulfone (PES) substrates by ion-beam-assisted evaporation (IBAE) deposition at low temperature in this study. The effects of film thickness on their optical and electrical properties were investigated. The results show that the deposited IMO films exhibit a preferred orientation of B(222). The electrical resistivity of the deposited film initially reduces then subsequently increases with film thickness. The IMO film with the lowest resistivity of 7.61 × 10−4 ohm-cm has been achieved when the film thickness is 120 nm. It exhib

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Cho, Sunghun, Jun Seop Lee, Hyeji Jang, Seorin Park, Ji Hyun An, and Jyongsik Jang. "Comparative Studies on Crystallinity, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polyketone Grown on Plasma Treated CVD Graphene." Polymers 13, no. 6 (2021): 919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060919.

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In this work, we report a facile way to control crystalline structures of polyketone (PK) films by combining plasma surface treatment with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. The crystalline structure of PKs grown on plasma-treated graphene and the resulting thermal and mechanical properties were systematically discussed. Every graphene sheet used in this work was produced by CVD method and the production of PKs having different crystallinity were performed on the O2- and N2-doped graphene sheets. It was evident that the CVD-grown graphene sheets acted as the nucleating agents for promo

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Najjar, Ahmad, Souhir Sabri, Rashad Al-Gaashani, Muataz Ali Atieh, and Viktor Kochkodan. "Antibiofouling Performance by Polyethersulfone Membranes Cast with Oxidized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Arabic Gum." Membranes 9, no. 2 (2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9020032.

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Despite extensive research efforts focusing on tackling membrane biofouling, one of the biggest problems associated with membrane technology, there has been little headway in this area. This study presents novel polyethersulfone (PES) membranes synthesized via a phase inversion method at incremental loadings of functionalized oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (OMWCNT) along with 1 wt. % arabic gum (AG). The synthesized OMWCNT were examined using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy for morphological changes compared to the commercially obtained carbon nanotubes

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