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1
Razumova, Tat'yana, Natal'ya Spiridonova, Irina Durakova, et al. Personnel management in Russia: vector of humanization. Book 7. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1060850.
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The monograph contains the results of studies concerning: first, the evolution of ideas and practice of humanization in the personnel policy of the state; second, the implementation of the principles of humanization in work with the personnel of economic subjects: talent management, renewal of working capacity of older workers, building a dual career, building a strong corporate culture, the development of the additional professional education system; thirdly, problems related to industry characteristics personnel work, drawing on international experience of vocational rehabilitation and employment promotion of persons with disabilities, concerning the roles of personal characteristics and character pathology in the context of modern life; fourth, approaches to the weakening of the precarization of labor, University teachers, gender discrimination in the labour market, working with a "toxic" staff, to prevent stress in the workplace.
 Addressed to scientific-pedagogical and practical workers in the sphere of work with personnel; graduate students, undergraduates, students, professional interests which relate to issues of personnel management.
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Kerry, Rubin, ed. Midlife crisis at 30: How the stakes have changed for a new generation--and what to do about it. Rodale, 2004.
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Kislicyna, Natal'ya, and Ekaterina Novikova. Genres sports discourse: linguistic and cognitive aspect. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1077732.
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The monograph is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of "discourse" from the perspective of its institutionality. The focus of research interest is sports discourse, presented in the form of a complex conceptual space with a particular genre-stylistic and pragmatic characteristics.
 As a material of study are sports articles, sports interviews and sports commentary, considered as genres of sports discourse, allocated according to criteria focus of the text and its function. The use of frame analysis, content analysis and conversational analysis have shown the peculiarities of representation of speech and thoughts of individuals, operating in the conditions of specific discursive practices. 
 Addressed to specialists in the field of language theory, cognitive linguistics, decorology, pragmatics, teachers, postgraduates and students.
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Pagliaro, Annamaria, and Brian Zuccala, eds. Luigi Capuana: Experimental Fiction and Cultural Mediation in Post-Risorgimento Italy. Firenze University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-916-4.
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Luigi Capuana: Experimental Fiction and Cultural Mediation in Post-Risorgimento Italy. The studies in this collection revisit established critical positions which confine Luigi Capuana’s work within the orbits of Naturalism and Positivism. A variety of theoretical readings in the volume investigate how the author’s experimentalism and eclectic interests respond to positivist ideology, the limitations of scientific practices, and the conflicts and anxieties of the fin de siècle which arise from a change in intellectual attitudes towards new ways of interpreting reality. The volume’s three sections focus on cultural mediation and the construction of socio-literary identities, gender representation and metaliterature, and on the author’s experimentation with the natural, supernatural and fantastic. Each section illustrates how the search for the new and experimentalism constitute driving forces in the author’s artistic investigation and production, making his work an important source for a new reading of the fin de siècle’s epistemological revision.
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Moran, Arik. Kingship and Polity on the Himalayan Borderland. Amsterdam University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462985605.
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Kingship and Polity on the Himalayan Borderland explores the modern transformation of state and society in the Indian Himalaya. Centred on three Rajput led-kingdoms during the transition to British rule (c. 1790-1840) and their interconnected histories, it demonstrates how border making practices engendered a modern reading of ‘tradition’ that informs communal identities to this day. Countering the common depiction of these states as all-male, caste-exclusive entities, it reveals the strong familial base of Rajput polity, wherein women — and regent queens in particular — played a key role alongside numerous non-Rajput groups. Drawing on rich archival records, rarely examined local histories, and nearly two decades of ethnographic research, it offers an alternative to the popular and scholarly discourses that developed with the rise of colonial knowledge. The analysis exposes the cardinal contribution of borderland spaces to the fabrication of group identities. This book will interest historians and anthropologists of South Asia and of the Himalaya, as well as scholars working on postcolonialism, gender, and historiography.
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Lomazzi, Vera, and Isabella Crespi. Gender Mainstreaming and Gender Equality in Europe. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447317692.001.0001.
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The book provides a systematic scientific overview of gender mainstreaming in Europe. It recalls the main steps of the origins and the development of the European gender mainstreaming (GM) strategy. The book also connects this framework with the current situation of gender equality and explores the strength and weak points of the strategy. To do so, it provides a critical evaluation of the instruments used to measure gender equality and explores how societal aspects, such as the opportunity structure defined by work-family balance policies and practices, affect the individual values of gender equality supporting the development of gender egalitarian cultures. Further, it develops an outline of the current and future challenges of the gender mainstreaming strategy, that run in parallel with the general European Union’s challenges, such as the integration process, economic crisis, migration and refugees crisis, and the rise of right-wing Euroscepticism. In addition, the old but always current problem of conceptualizing gender equality in different ways leading to jeopardized results. The book offers a critical review of the GM strategy in Europe and analyses whether and how gender equality in Europe is improving, with a specific interest in the cultural differences between the European countries where this common strategy is implemented.
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Das-Munshi, Jayati, Tamsin Ford, Matthew Hotopf, Martin Prince, and Robert Stewart, eds. Practical Psychiatric Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198735564.001.0001.
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This long-awaited second edition of Practical Psychiatric Epidemiology covers all of the considerable new developments in psychiatric epidemiology that have occurred since the first edition was published in 2003. It includes new content on key topics such as life course epidemiology, gene–environment interactions, bioethics, patient and public involvement in research, mixed methods research, new statistical methods, case registers, policy, and implementation. Looking to the future of this rapidly evolving scientific discipline and how it will respond to the emerging opportunities and challenges posed by ‘big data’, new technologies, open science, and globalization, this new edition will serve as an invaluable reference for clinicians in practice and in training. It will also be of interest to researchers in mental health and people studying or teaching psychiatric epidemiology at undergraduate or postgraduate level.
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Timonen, Virpi, ed. Grandparenting Practices around the World. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447340645.001.0001.
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This book is a sequel to Contemporary grandparenting, published in 2012 (Arber and Timonen, 2012). Both macro and micro level issues are covered, with a particular focus on gender, welfare states, economic development, and grandparental agency; this ensures that the book covers many topic areas of greatest relevance and interest. It emphasises that grandparenting takes many diverse forms and cannot be reduced to a small number of ‘types’. Grandparenting has evolved considerably, and continues to evolve, as a result of both socio-demographic and economic influences, and grandparents’ own agency. The book contains analyses of topics that have so far received relatively little attention, such as transnational grandparenting and gender differences in grandparenting practices. It is the only collection that brings together theory-driven research on grandparenting from a wide variety of cultural and welfare state contexts - including chapters on Europe, North America, Africa, Asia and Australia - drawing broad lines of debate as well as outlining country-level analyses. The book therefore combines up-to-date empirical findings with new theorising that will be relevant to academics, researchers, students, and experts working in the realms of family and old-age policy and practice.
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Krook, Mona Lena, and Sarah Childs. Gender, Women, and Representation in State Politics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.402.
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The main contribution of research on women, gender, and state-level politics has been the introduction of the concept of gender and an expansion of traditional definitions of politics. These studies have continued to expand over the years, opening up some major areas of research as well as introducing challenges to feminist research on women, gender, and state-level politics. Social movements are among the key topics of recent studies. This is due to the fact that women have been largely excluded from other arenas of political participation. Work on political parties links to another major area of study. Although wide-ranging, it can be separated into research on electing versus being elected. Furthermore, women’s voting behavior and the election of female candidates are often treated as important questions in themselves. Another line of work, however, seeks to go beyond political priorities and presence to examine concrete policy outcomes. This research can be divided into three sets of questions: the behavior of female policy actors, the gendered nature of public policies, and the creation and evolution of gender equality policies. A fifth major literature points to the relationship between women, gender, and the state. The state is a central actor and topic in political science. Focusing on state-society interactions, feminists have been interested in understanding how states influence gender relations and, conversely, how gendered norms and practices shape state policies.
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Cleophas, Francois Johannes. Critical Reflections on Physical Culture at the Edges of Empire. African Sun Media, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/9781928480693.
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This groundbreaking anthology provides a transnational view of the use of physical culture practices to strengthen, discipline, and reimagine the human body. Exploring theses of colonialism, gender disparities, and race relations, this international examination of bodily practices is a must read for all sport historians and those interested in physical training and its meanings. Erudite, solid, enlightening, this is a truly valuable book for our field.
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Macko, Lia, and Kerry Rubin. Midlife Crisis at 30: How the Stakes Have Changed for a New Generation--And What to Do about It. Rodale Books, 2004.
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Rothblum, Esther D., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190067991.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health provides an overview of the current research on the mental health of sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. It is aimed at researchers conducting studies on the mental health of SGM populations, clinicians and researchers interested in psychiatric disorders that affect SGM populations, clinicians using evidence-based practice in the treatment of SGM patients/clients, students in mental health programs (clinical psychology, psychiatry, clinical social work, and psychiatric nursing), and policy makers. The twenty-first century has seen improvements in sampling, use of longitudinal research, mixed methods research, statistical methods for research, and funding opportunities for research with SGM populations. Nevertheless, the purpose of this Handbook is to point out the gaps in the research as well as the advances, in order to motivate future researchers to expand knowledge about SGM mental health. As this volume goes to press, the current socio-political context in many nations includes both progress and backlash, with laws and policies including protections for SGM individuals in some countries, and laws and policies denying protections in others. All of these changes will impact SGM individuals, mental health researchers, and especially young people coming of age in this era.
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Miano, Daniele. To Each His Own. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786566.003.0006.
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This chapter studies Fortuna connected with age and gender groups or with individuals in the late Republican period. The first part focuses on Fortuna associated with age and gender groups through epithets including Muliebris, Virgo, Virilis, Barbata. The worship of these deities was not reserved to the relevant age or gender groups, and the complexity of rituals and representations implies that they were used for the social, political, and cultural construction of these age and gender categories. The second part studies the evidence pointing at a connection between late Republican dynasts and Fortuna, from Sulla to Caesar. Sulla and Caesar show a strong interest in Fortuna but a reluctance to directly claim a relationship with the goddess. Pompey was probably more open to making such claims. There is no trace in this period of a Roman adoption of the Hellenistic practice of the worship of the fortune of the ruler.
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McLaren, Margaret A. Women's Activism, Feminism, and Social Justice. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190947705.001.0001.
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Informed by practices of women’s activism in India, this book proposes a feminist social justice framework to address the wide range of issues women face globally, including economic exploitation; sexist oppression; racial, ethnic, and caste oppression; and cultural imperialism. The feminist social justice framework provides an alternative to mainstream philosophical frameworks that analyze and promote gender justice globally: universal human rights, economic projects such as microfinance, and cosmopolitanism. These frameworks share a commitment to individualism and abstract universalism that underlie certain liberal and neoliberal approaches to justice. Arguing that these frameworks emphasize individualism over interdependence, similarity over diversity, and individual success over collective capacity, McLaren draws on the work of Rabindranath Tagore to develop the concept of relational cosmopolitanism. Relational cosmopolitanism prioritizes our connections, while acknowledging power differences. Extending Iris Young’s theory of political responsibility, McLaren shows how Fair Trade connects to the economic solidarity movement. The Self-Employed Women’s Association and MarketPlace India empower women through access to livelihoods as well as fostering leadership capabilities that allow them to challenge structural injustice through political and social activism. Their struggles to resist economic exploitation and gender oppression through collective action show the importance of challenging individualist approaches to achieving gender justice. The book concludes with a call for a shift in our thinking and practice toward reimagining the possibilities for justice from a relational framework, from independence to interdependence, from identity to intersectionality, and from interest to sociopolitical imagination.
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Bloomer, Kristin C. Possessed by the Virgin. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190615093.001.0001.
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This book is an ethnographic account of three Roman Catholic women in contemporary Tamil Nadu, south India, who claim to be possessed by Mary, the mother of Jesus. It follows their lives over more than a decade, describing their own, the researcher’s own, and devotees’ understandings of the women’s healing and possession practices along with questions about agency, gender roles, authenticity, and social power. It asks, how is it that some experiences of “possession” (a word introduced to India by Christian missionaries, which the book complicates through Tamil renditions) are recognized as authentic, yet others are not? What are the local conditions that enable their very possibility? Discussions of local and widespread “Hindu” practices and discourses shed light on how these women and their followers navigate their bodily experience, socioeconomic status, caste, and gender roles in a modern world of technological change and global economy—and how Church officials navigate these women. Part travelogue, part academic analysis, the book addresses a wide audience, including academics interested in the study of religion, spirit possession, anthropology, women’s and gender studies, postcolonialism, Global Christianity, Tamil culture, Mariology, fluid boundaries across “traditions,” and the relationship between the ethnographer-“Self” and “Other.”
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Bjork, Stephanie R. Movement. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040931.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses movement in various forms: young Somalis away from family households, online interactions, to Finland drawn by the Finnish welfare state, and international travel including travel to Somalia and the Horn of Africa. While movement presents opportunities, dispersion threatens collective interests. That is especially the case for youth who seek autonomy by living independently from parents or guardian(s) and for others who embrace a Finnish lifestyle. For them, clan networks seem to be more of a constraint than an opportunity. This chapter highlights these tensions between family and clan obligations and autonomy, gender equality, remittances, morality, and Islamic practices and dress.
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Rosenberg, Douglas, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Screendance Studies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199981601.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of Screendance Studies is the first publication to offer a scholarly overview of the histories, practices, and critical and theoretical foundations of the rapidly changing landscape of screendance. Drawing on their practices, technologies, theories, and philosophies, scholars from the fields of dance, performance, visual art, cinema, and media arts articulate the practice of screendance as an interdisciplinary, hybrid form that has yet to be correctly sited as an academic field worthy of critical investigation. Each essay discusses and reframes current issues, as a means of promoting and enriching dialogue within the wider community of dance and the moving image. Topics addressed include politics of the body; agency, race, and gender in screendance; the relationship of choreography to image; constructs of space and time; dance and interactive and digital technology; representation and effacement; production and curatorial practice; and other areas of intersecting disciplines, such as kinesthetic explorations. The Oxford Handbook of Screendance Studies features newly commissioned and original scholarship that will be essential reading for all those interested in the intersection of dance and the moving image, including film and videomakers, choreographers and dancers, screendance and videodance artists, academics and writers, producers, composers, as well as the wider public. It will become an invaluable resource for researchers and professionals in the field and is intended as the first classroom text for screendance courses.
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Cadenhead, Raphael A. Body and Desire. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520297968.001.0001.
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Although the reception of the Eastern father Gregory of Nyssa has varied over the centuries, the past few decades have witnessed a profound awakening of interest in his thought, particularly in relation to the contentious issues of gender, sex, and sexuality. The Body and Desire sets out to retrieve the full range of Gregory’s thinking on the challenges of the ascetic life through a diachronic analysis of his oeuvre. Exploring his understanding of the importance of bodily and spiritual maturation in the practices of contemplation and virtue, Raphael Cadenhead recovers the vital relevance of this vision of transformation for contemporary ethical discourse.
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Ornebring, Henrik, ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Journalism Studies. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780190694166.001.0001.
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104 scholarly articles Scholarly, public, practitioner, and policymaker interest in journalism is both long-standing and on the rise. It is a field in tremendous flux: social, cultural, economic and technological change is transforming every aspect of news production and consumption. And journalism is facing increased threats around the world today, even in places it once seemed well protected. This collection takes stock of this evolving field, summarizes the development of major themes of research, revisits key concepts and traditional forms and genres of journalism in light of contemporary developments, and to sets out directions for future research. The 104 essays in this encyclopedia fall into six main categories: Key Concepts; Theories and Research Perspectives; the Practice of Journalism; Forms, Genres, and Types of Journalism; Systems and Structures of Journalism; and the Reception of Journalism. The essays in this compendium: • reflect the breadth and depth of contemporary journalism studies and acknowledges the rich history of the field • recognize the global diversity in and around journalism in term of practices, normative frameworks, epistemologies, and others, and takes a globally comparative perspective throughout the volume • trace histories, summarizes state-of-the-art research, and points to avenues for future research • are written to the highest international standards and at the same time is accessible for practitioners, advanced students, and other stakeholders with a particular interest in journalism and journalism research.
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Simon, Robert L. The Ethics of Sport. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190270209.001.0001.
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The Ethics of Sport explores moral issues that arise in sports, especially competitive athletics, in a manner that is accessible not only to sports fans or participants but also to those critical of sports or simply interested in an introduction to the kind of moral issues raised by the practice of athletics. The issues considered range from the more abstract, such as the importance that should be assigned to winning in sports, to specific controversies such as arguments over the use of performance enhancing drugs, the nature of gender equity, and the evaluation of violence in competition. The book explores different sides of these issues and suggests reasonable resolutions to the kinds of ethical questions prevalent in the practice of sports.
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Rose, David C. Why Culture Matters Most. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199330720.001.0001.
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A society’s culture can lock in beliefs and practices that inevitably produce persistent poverty and tyranny. But a society’s culture can also provide a foundation for maximizing general prosperity and freedom to produce mass flourishing. This book explains why culture—not genes, geography, institutions, or policies—is therefore what ultimately explains the differential success of societies. In short, when certain kinds of moral beliefs are culturally transmitted, a society can overcome the most fundamental obstacle to societal success: rational self-interest undermining the common good. General prosperity requires large-group cooperation, and the most effective large-group cooperation requires having a high-trust society. This book explains why the larger a society is, the more difficult it is to sustain a high-trust society. At the same time, the larger societies become, the more likely rational self-interest and tribalism will undermine crucial but highly trust-dependent institutions like democratic voting and a free press. This book shows how culture uniquely addresses this problem by aligning individual interests with the common good when specific kinds of moral beliefs are strongly held by most people. Culture also matters instrumentally because childhood instruction, a hallmark of culture, helps overcome the irrationality of adult individuals choosing to have moral beliefs that they know will limit their ability to promote their own welfare at the expense of the common good in the future. The analysis has surprising implications for the family, religion, government, and the stability of Western free market democracies.
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Lewis, Alison. Alfred Döblin’s literary cases about women and crime in Weimar Germany. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719099434.003.0006.
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This chapter investigates examples of literary case studies by Alfred Döblin, a medical doctor and a main representative of the 1920s ‘New Objectivity’ aesthetic movement in Weimar Germany. Like fellow poet Gottfried Benn, Döblin brought his professional expertise in medicine to bear on his literary projects. Whereas his contemporaries were preoccupied with questions of social justice, Döblin was particularly interested in gender relations and the nexus between sexuality and crime, and used literature as a metaphorical laboratory to explore shocking and topical themes of the day. With his realistic case studies based on trials and his own expert knowledge of psychiatry, sexology and psychoanalysis, Döblin strove to bridge the gap between highbrow literature and the new empirical life sciences, as well as between his medical practice and his love of literature. His work demonstrates both the benefits and limits of the case study genre as a vehicle for transporting new forms of knowledge. While his attempts to refashion the literary case study as a crime novel by incorporating the latest theories about the human psyche and female homosexuality were of limited success, he achieved greater success with Berlin Alexanderplatz, a modernist novel about crime and sex in the metropolis.
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Jacobs, Steven, Susan Felleman, Vito Adriaensens, and Lisa Colpaert. Screening Statues. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474410892.001.0001.
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Sculpture is an artistic practice that involves material, three-dimensional, and generally static objects, whereas cinema produces immaterial, two-dimensional, kinetic images. These differences are the basis for a range of magical, mystical and phenomenological interactions between the two media. Sculptures are literally brought to life on the silver screen, while living people are turned into, or trapped inside, statuary. Sculpture motivates cinematic movement and film makes manifest the durational properties of sculptural space. This book will examine key sculptural motifs and cinematic sculpture in film history through seven chapters and an extensive reference gallery, dealing with the transformation skills of "cinemagician" Georges Méliès, the experimental art documentaries of Carl Theodor Dreyer and Henri Alekan, the statuary metaphors of modernist cinema, the mythological living statues of the peplum genre, and contemporary art practices in which film—as material and apparatus—is used as sculptural medium. The book’s broad scope and interdisciplinary approach is sure to interest scholars, amateurs and students alike.
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Corran, Emily. Lying and Perjury in Confessors’ Manuals. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828884.003.0005.
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Confessors’ manuals were the most important genre in which practical thought about lying and perjury was developed during the thirteenth century. This chapter argues that confessors’ manuals shared an interest in moral dilemmas with Peter the Chanter’s Summa. A comparison of the treatment of a famous dilemma concerning a lie to save a life in Robert of Courson, Raymond of Penafort, and Hostiensis reveals the similarities in their approach. The key difference between confessors’ manuals and the practical theologians of the late twelfth century was the degree to which they quoted material from canon law. This chapter investigates this influx of legal material into pastoral writings and explains the reasons for the change. It suggests that engagement with canon law did not mean that the ethics of lying and perjury became indistinguishable from canonical thought on the subject.
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Wolf, Richard K. Tone and Stroke. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038587.003.0003.
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This chapter examines the importance of tone and stroke melody in the rhythmic patterns of South Asian drumming traditions. Many musicians and listeners in South Asia are interested in the relation of what they consider classical music to what they consider folk music. Some emphasize the distinction when wishing to make a point about what constitutes true musical knowledge (usually knowledge associated with the “classical”). This chapter explores the practice of naming and defining drum patterns based on the author's fieldwork in a number of cities, towns, and rural regions in India and Pakistan. It also discusses the role of melody and rhythm in the definition of patterns by looking at examples of (tone-) melodies accompanied by drums, such as functionally specific genres that combine wind-instrument melodies with drum patterns. The chapter highlights the complex ways in which tone and stroke melodies may vie for primacy within a genre or across different items in the drum repertoire.
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Hirschfeld, Heather, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Shakespearean Comedy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198727682.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of Shakespearean Comedy offers critical, contemporary resources for studying Shakespeare’s comic enterprises. It engages with perennial but still urgent questions raised by the comedies, looking at them from a range of new perspectives that represent the most recent methodological approaches to Shakespeare, genre, and early modern drama. Some essays take up firmly established topics of inquiry—Shakespeare’s source materials, gender and sexuality, hetero- and homoerotic desire, race, religion—and reformulate them in the kinds of materialist, formalist, phenomenological, or revisionist terms of current scholarship and critical debate. Others explore subjects—ecology, cross-species interaction, humoral theory—that have only relatively recently become pressing concerns for sustained scholarly interrogation. Still others, informed by increasingly sophisticated approaches to the material conditions and embodied experience of theatrical practice, speak to a resurgence of interest in performance, from Shakespeare’s period through the first decades of the twenty-first century. And others investigate distinct sets of plays from unexpected and often polemical angles, noting connections between the comedies under inventive, unpredicted banners such as the theology of adultery, early modern pedagogy, global exploration, or monarchical rule. Since the Handbook situates these approaches against the long history of scholarship on the comedies, it both provides a valuable reference guide and represents some of the most up-to-date work in the field.
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von Boemcken, Marc, Nina Bagdasarova, Aksana Ismailbekova, and Conrad Schetter, eds. Surviving Everyday Life. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529211955.001.0001.
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The volume explores the everyday security practices of various people in Kyrgyzstan that feel threatened on the grounds of their ethnic belonging, gender or sexual orientation. In doing so, it provides a bottom-up perspective of security and insecurity in Kyrgyzstan, which differs from more state-centric and elitist accounts on this subject. Case studies include the Uzbek and the Lyuli minorities in the city of Osh in southern Kyrgyzstan, young women in the capital city of Bishkek, ethnically mixed couples and the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community. Each case applies ethnographic methods to follow individuals in their everyday lives and asks how they deal with the various insecurities they face. The volume studies security in cafes and restaurants, in kindergartens and schools, public transport, bazaars, taxis, virtual chat rooms and nightclubs. It argues that seemingly trivial aspects of everyday life, such as food and music, children's education or romantic first love, are important to gaining a more comprehensive picture of what security in Kyrgyzstan is all about. All contributions apply the analytical concept of securityscapes. The volume should be of relevance to scholars and students from social anthropology, security studies, gender studies and queer studies with an interest in Central Asia.
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Hass, Jeffrey K. Wartime Suffering and Survival. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197514276.001.0001.
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This book explores how people survive in the face of incredible odds. When our backs are against the wall, what are our interests, identities, and practices? When are we self-centered, empathetic, altruistic, or ambivalent? How much agency do the desperate have—or want? Such was the situation in the Blockade of Leningrad, nearly 900 days from 1941 to 1944, in which over one million civilians died—but more survived due to gumption and creativity. How did they survive, and how did survival reinforce or reshape identities, practices, and relations under Stalin? Using diaries, recollections, police records, interviews, and state documents from Leningrad, this book shows average Leningraders coping with war, starvation, and extreme uncertainty. Local relations and social distance matter significantly when states and institutions falter under duress. Opportunism and desperation were balanced by empathy and relations. One key to Leningraders’ practices was relations to anchors—entities of symbolic and personal significance that anchored Leningraders to each other and a sense of community. Such anchors as food and Others shaped practices of empathy and compassion, and of opportunism and egoism. By exploring the state and shadow markets, food, families, gender, class, death, and suffering, Wartime Suffering and Survival relays Leningraders’ stories to show a little-told side of Russian and Soviet history and to explore the human condition and who we really are. This speaks not only to rethinking the nature of the Soviet Union and Stalinism, but also to the nature of social relations, practices, and people more generally.
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McCarthy, Julie M., and Bonnie Hayden Cheng. Through the Looking Glass: Employment Interviews from the Lens of Job Candidates. Edited by Ute-Christine Klehe and Edwin van Hooft. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.015.
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Job interviews are of crucial importance to the job search process. As a result, recent years have witnessed a considerable amount of research on job interviews from the perspective of candidates. While this research has provided valuable insight into candidate reactions, it has yet to have a strong impact on the actual behaviors of job candidates and organizations. Thus the goal of the current chapter is to bridge the gap between empirical knowledge and applied practice in job interviews. To accomplish this objective we first present a framework for understanding the interview process that is grounded in theoretical and empirical research. The focus of this framework is whether candidate characteristics (e.g., gender, age), behaviors (e.g., impression management, communication style), and reactions (e.g., anxiety, justice) have an effect on important interview-related outcomes, such as interview performance. This is followed by a comprehensive discussion of research relevant to each section of the framework, including impression management, the first handshake, interview anxiety, and other predictors of interview success. Implications for research and practice are discussed and a checklist for practice is provided. We conclude by highlighting how properly conducted interviews can simultaneously serve the best interest of both job applicants and organizations.
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Hall, Lucy B., Anna L. Weissman, and Laura J. Shepherd, eds. Troubling Motherhood. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190939182.001.0001.
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In global politics, women’s bodies are policed, objectified, surveilled, and feared, with particular attention paid to both their met or unmet procreative potential. By illuminating and interrogating representations and narratives of maternity, this volume shows how practices of global politics shape and are shaped by the gendered norms and institutions that underpin motherhood. The guiding theoretical idea in this volume is that motherhood matters in global politics. However - as with so many political phenomena coded ‘female’ in the binary cognitive architectures of the West - the diverse ways in which performances and practices of motherhood are constituted by and are constitutive of other dimensions of political life they are frequently obscured or assumed to be of little interest to scholars, policy makers, and practitioners. Featuring innovative and diverse interrogations of the politics of motherhood as an institution, this collection shows that maternality is troubled, complicated, and heterogeneous in global politics and thus performances and practices of motherhood warrant closer and more sustained scrutiny.
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Bagheri, Reza. Integration. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427234.003.0013.
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Since the 1970s, we have seen increasing interest in the integration of Muslims as the most visible ethno-religious minority group in Britain. The term ‘integration’ as used in this chapter is concerned with the social aspect of a process in which Muslims, as well as other minority ethnic people, required and/or would like to participate in society. More elaboration of different theoretical and academic interpretations of this term is discussed later in this chapter. The social aspects of integration mainly revolve around the maintenance of Muslims’ distinctive identity and practice (Modood, 2005, 2007; Parekh, 2008; Vertovec and Wessendorf, 2010). This chapter looks at Scottish Muslims’ integration strategies (based on gender, generational and level of religiosity) and introduces the idea of ‘halal integration’ which entails fitting into society while maintaining their religious identity. This refers to the life of many Scottish Muslims, whom I refer to as ‘halal Scots’ – those who integrated into many aspects of Scottish society while maintaining their religious identity and practice. Some examples of such integration are adopting alternative ways of socialising such as meeting at cafés, running family and social events in non-alcoholic environments, and taking part in voluntary and charitable work.
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Pierce, Helen. Graphic Satire and the Printed Image in Shakespeare’s London. Edited by Malcolm Smuts. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660841.013.40.
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How was the multiplied, printed image encountered in Shakespeare’s London? This chapter examines a range of genres and themes for single sheet, illustrated broadsides in an emerging, specialist print market. It discusses how such images were used to persuade and to entertain a potentially broad cross-section of society along moral, political and religious lines, and according to both topical and commercial interests. The mimetic nature of the English print in both engraved and woodcut form is highlighted, with its frequent adaptation of continental models to suit more local concerns. Consideration is also given to the survival of certain images in later seventeenth-century impressions, indicative of popularity and the common commercial practice of reprinting stock from aging plates and blocks, and the sporadic nature of censorship upon the illustrated broadside.
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Nagatomo, Diane Hawley, Kathleen A. Brown, and Melodie L. Cook, eds. Foreign Female English Teachers in Japanese Higher Education: Narratives From Our Quarter. Candlin & Mynard ePublishing Limited, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47908/11.
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The goal of this book is to provide information, inspiration, and mentorship to teachers (namely foreign women, but not restricted to such) as they navigate the gendered waters of teaching English in Japanese higher education. Such a book is timely because foreign female university teachers are outnumbered by their foreign male colleagues by nearly three to one. This imbalance, however, is likely to change as reforms in hiring policies (which have until recently generally favored male applicants) have been widely implemented to encourage more female teachers and researchers. The narratives by the contributors to this book offer a kaleidoscope of experiences that transverse several loosely connected and overlapping themes. This book is, in a sense, a “girlfriend’s guide to teaching in a Japanese university” in that it provides much practical information from those who are already in the field. It covers areas such as gaining entry into Japanese higher education teaching, searching for and obtaining tenure, managing a long-term professorial career, and taking on leadership responsibilities. The personal side of teaching is examined, with authors describing how individual interests have shaped their teaching practices. Family matters, such as negotiating maternity leave, reentering the workforce, and difficulties in balancing family and work are discussed by those who have “been there and done that”. The darker issues of the job, such as harassment, racism, and native-speakerism are introduced, and several chapters with practical and legal information about how to combat them are included, as well as a list of valuable resources. The contributors to this volume have drawn upon their own unique experiences and have situated their stories in areas that are of great personal importance. The individual narratives, when taken together, highlight not only the complexity of the professional identity of EFL teachers but also the myriad of issues that shape the careers of women in Japanese higher education. These issues will resonate with all female EFL faculty, regardless of their geographical location.
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Regnerus, Mark. The Future of Christian Marriage. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190064938.001.0001.
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Marriage has come a long way since biblical times: Women are no longer thought of as property, and practices like polygamy have long been rejected. The world is wealthier and healthier, and people are more able to find and form relationships than ever. So why are Christian congregations doing more burying than marrying today? Explanations for the wide recession in marriage range from the mathematical—more women in church than men—to the economic, and from cheap sex to progressive politics. But perhaps marriage hasn’t really changed at all; instead, there is simply less interest in marriage in an era marked by technology, gender equality, and secularization. This is a book about how today’s Christians find a mate within a faith that esteems marriage but a world that increasingly yawns at it, and it draws on in-depth interviews with nearly two hundred young adult Christians from the United States, Mexico, Spain, Poland, Russia, Lebanon, and Nigeria, in order to understand the state of matrimony in global Christian circles today. Marriage for nearly everyone has become less of a foundation for a couple to build upon and more of a capstone. Christians are exhibiting flexibility over sex roles but are hardly gender revolutionaries. Meeting increasingly high expectations of marriage is difficult, though, in a free market whose logic reaches deep into the home today, and the results are endemic uncertainty, slowing relationship maturation, and stalling marriage. But plenty of Christians innovate, resist, and wed, suggesting the future of marriage will be a religious one.
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Diner, Hasia R., and Jonathan Safran Foer. Feasting and Fasting. Edited by Aaron Gross, Jody Myers, and Jordan D. Rosenblum. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479899333.001.0001.
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This book explores how the making of Judaism and the making of Jewish meals have been intertwined throughout history and in contemporary Jewish practices. It is an invitation not only to delve into the topic but to join in the growing number of conversations and events that consider the intersections between Judaism and food. Seventeen original chapters advance the state of both Jewish studies and religious studies scholarship on food in accessible prose. Insights from recent work in growing subfields such as food studies, sex and gender studies, and animal studies permeate the volume. Encompassing historical, ethnographic, critical theoretical, and history of religions methodologies, the volume introduces readers to historic and ongoing Jewish food practices and helps them engage the charged ethical debates about how our food choices reflect competing Jewish values. The book’s three sections respectively include chronologically arranged historical overviews (first section), essays built around particular foods and theoretical questions (second section), and essays addressing ethical issues (third and final section). The first section provides the historical and textual overview that is necessary to ground any discussion of food and Jewish traditions. The second section provides studies of food and culture from a range of time periods, and each chapter addresses not only a particular food but also a theoretical issue of broader interest in the study of religion. The final section focuses on moral and ethical questions generated by and answered through Jewish engagements with food.
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Spelman, Henry. The Epinician Past. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821274.003.0008.
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This chapter explores the beginnings of epinician in history and as represented in Pindar’s odes. We may enrich our understanding of his victory odes by investigating how he presents the past of his genre and situates himself within contemporary practices. Section 1 investigates the historical origins of epinician. Section 2 explores the distant generic past as depicted within Pindar’s poems. It is argued that the poet displays a view of the history of his genre compatible with the broad outlines of modern scholarly consensus. Pindar understood that, on the one hand, he had a relatively novel relationship to his audience as a professional author composing literary epinicians on commission and that, on the other hand, he was continuing a tradition rooted in less sophisticated celebrations. Section 3 offers a reading of Olympian 9, a poem which is interested in many themes discussed in this chapter.
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Bashford, Alison, and Philippa Levine, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373141.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics covers the nineteenth century to the post-World War II era and dispels for uninitiated readers the automatic and apparently exclusive link between eugenics and the Holocaust. It provides a world history of eugenics. Eugenic thought and practice swept the world from the late nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century in a remarkable transnational phenomenon. Eugenics informed social and scientific policy across the political spectrum, from liberal welfare measures in emerging social-democratic states to feminist ambitions for birth control, from public health campaigns to totalitarian dreams of the “perfectibility of man.” Eugenics has accumulated generations of interest as experts attempted to connect biology, human capacity, and policy. In the past and the present, eugenics speaks to questions of race, class, gender and sex, evolution, governance, nationalism, disability, and the social implications of science. In the current climate, in which the human genome project, stem cell research, and new reproductive technologies have proven so controversial, the history of eugenics has much to teach us about the relationship between scientific research, technology, and human ethical decision-making.
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Bachner, Andrea. The Secrets of Language. Edited by Carlos Rojas and Andrea Bachner. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199383313.013.6.
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In his 2009 poetry collectionQing/man (Light/Slow), Taiwanese poet Chen Li returns to a traditional Chinese form of anagrammatic poetry, the genre of the hidden-character poem (yinzi shi), a rebus-like poetic riddle that focuses on the graphic form the sinograph, by providing clues to its riddle in the form of descriptions of, references to, and graphic components of a given Chinese character. This chapter uses the genre and theory of anagrams as its starting point for a reflection on language, literary creation, and translation, from Ernest Fenollosa’s reflections on the ideographic method to Ferdinand de Saussure’s work on a phonetically understood anagrammar of Indo-European poetry and Haroldo de Campos’s reflections on the poetic resonances in logographic and alphabetic scripts. Rather than essentializing the graphic nature of the Chinese script, Chen Li’s poetic revitalization of the genre of the hidden-character poem challenges preconceived notions of linguistic difference (between sound and script) with an interest in words under words, in the components of (and below) language that constitute language as a concrete practice and allows for a thought of language as duplicitous and multilayered phenomenon.
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Hunter, Mary, and Stephen Broad. Reflection and the classical musician. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199346677.003.0019.
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Reflective practice takes on a particular shape in classical music. The aim of this chapter is to identify some elements of classical music that distinguish it from other genres of music, and to consider how these elements may affect the kind of reflection in which classical musicians—and classical musicians-in-the-making—engage. The chapter, which is partly based on student practice diaries and interviews with professional musicians, argues that the distinguishing elements of classical music performance are a focus on interpretation, interest in following the composer’s intentions, concern about excessive demonstration of the performer’s ego, and a respect for the printed score as the ultimate repository of truth about the work. These elements seem to encourage musicians to frame their choices either with little acknowledgement of their own agency or in terms that reflect some tension between what they feel and what they perceive as the composer’s intentions. Much work remains to be done on the ways in which these self-abnegations or uncertainties play out, but by bringing their underlying ideologies to the surface young performers in particular could fruitfully harness as well as challenge them.
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Fleury, Pascale. Fronto and His Circle. Edited by Daniel S. Richter and William A. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199837472.013.36.
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Fronto, the great orator of the second century and teacher of Latin rhetoric to the future emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus, while not fitting Philostratus’s definition of a sophist, did practice some sophistic genres and shares with his Greek homologues an epideictic vision of rhetoric, a love for archaisms and an interest in similar themes. This chapter attempts to show the connections that Fronto maintains with the sophists whom he knows, as seen in the Correspondence (Herodes Atticus, Favorinus, Polemon), and those whom he encounters, as shown in Aulus Gellius’s Attic Nights, and to illustrate the commonality of thought and literary style between the Roman orator and the Greek sophists. Attitudes to Greek and political power are analyzed to show the strategies adopted by Fronto to define his relations with the imperial family and to situate himself in the cultural geography of his time.
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Ruthmann, S. Alex, and Roger Mantie, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Technology and Music Education. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199372133.001.0001.
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Few aspects of daily existence are untouched by technology. The learning and teaching of music is no exception, and arguably has been impacted as much or more than other areas of life. Digital technologies have come to affect music learning and teaching in profound ways, influencing everything from how we create, listen, share, consume, interact, and conceptualize musical practices and the musical experience. For a discipline as entrenched in tradition as music education, this has brought forth myriad views on what does and should constitute music learning and teaching. In order to tease out and elucidate some of the salient problems, interests, and issues, this volume sought to critically situate technology in relation to music education from a variety of perspectives: historical, philosophical, socio-cultural, pedagogical, musical, economic, policy, and so on, organized around four broad themes: (1) Emergence and Evolution, (2) Locations and Contexts: Social and Cultural Issues, (3) Experiencing, Expressing, Learning and Teaching, and (4) Competence, Credentialing, and Professional Development. The editors solicited essays from 22 “Core Perspective” and 19 “Further Perspective” authors based on their potential to contribute a diversity of perspectives on technology and music education in terms of gender, theoretical perspective, geographical distribution, and relationship to the field. The overall thrust was to provide contrasting perspectives and conversational voices rather than reinforce traditional narratives and prevailing discourses. The website http://ohotame.musedlab.org/ provides opportunities to participate and sustain the dialogue relating to technology and music education.
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Tweedie, James. The Afterlife of Art and Objects. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190873875.003.0006.
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Like the tableau vivant, the cinematic still life experienced a stunning revival and reinvention in the late twentieth century. In contrast to the stereotypically postmodern overload of images, the still life in film initiates a moment of repose and contemplation within a medium more often defined by the forward rush of moving pictures. It also involves a profound meditation on the relationship between images and objects consistent with practices as diverse as the Spanish baroque still life and the Surrealist variation on the genre. With the work of Terence Davies and Alain Cavalier’s Thérèse (1986) as its primary touchstones, this chapter situates this renewed interest in the cinematic still life within the context of both the late twentieth-century cinema of painters and a socially oriented art cinema that focuses on marginal people and overlooked objects rather than the hegemonic historical narratives also undergoing a revival at the time.
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Keymer, Thomas. Restoration Fiction. Edited by Alan Downie. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566747.013.009.
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Fiction before Defoe had little or no place in the histories and anthologies that defined the novel genre in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In twentieth-century scholarship, it proved hard to accommodate in accounts of generic development emphasizing formal realism as the sine qua non of the modern novel. Yet a large and lively body of prose fiction was produced between the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 and the lapse of the Licensing Act in 1695, of interest not only for its anticipation of later developments but also for characteristics impossible to assimilate in linear stories of generic evolution. Fiction of the period (by authors and translators including Aphra Behn, Walter Charleton, William Congreve, John Dunton, Roger L’Estrange, and Henry Neville) was eclectic, experimental, and heterogeneous, and it displays modes and procedures in the process of formation, not any settled consensus about narrative practice.
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Richter, Daniel S., and William A. Johnson, eds. The Oxford Handbook to the Second Sophistic. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199837472.001.0001.
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The study of the Second Sophistic is a relative newcomer to the Anglophone field of classics, and much of what characterizes it temporally and culturally remains a matter of legitimate contestation. This Handbook offers a diversity of scholarly voices that attempt to define the state of this developing field. Included are chapters that offer practical guidance on the wide range of valuable textual materials that survive, many of which are useful or even core to inquiries of particularly current interest (e.g., gender studies, cultural history of the body, sociology of literary culture, history of education and intellectualism, history of religion, political theory, history of medicine, cultural linguistics, intersection of the classical traditions and early Christianity). The Handbook contains chapters devoted to the work of the most significant intellectuals of the period, such as Plutarch, Dio Chrysostom, Lucian, Apuleius, the novelists, the Philostrati, and Aelius Aristides. In addition to its content and bibliographical guidance, this volume helps to situate the textual remains within the period and its society, to describe and circumscribe the literary matter and the literary culture and societal context. Throughout it tries to keep the contextual demands in mind. In its scope and its pluralism of voices, this Handbook thus represents a new approach to the Second Sophistic, one that attempts to integrate Greek literature of the Roman period into the wider world of early imperial Greek, Latin, Jewish, and Christian cultural production, and one that keeps a sharp focus on situating these texts within their socio-cultural context.
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Maunder, Chris, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Mary. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198792550.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of Mary includes chapters on textual, literary, and media analysis; theology; Church history; art history; studies on devotion in a variety of forms: liturgy, hymns, homilies, prayer, pilgrimage, lived belief and practice; also cultural history; folk tradition; gender analysis; apparitions; and apocalypticism. These have been contributed by a range of scholars, established names in Marian Studies, writing about Mary the mother of Jesus from within their own expertise. The group is international in scope, from the three countries of North America; various nations in Europe; Jerusalem; Taiwan; Australia. As well as those of no religious affiliation, chapters have been written by Jewish, Muslim, and Christian academics, the last group including priests from within the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Anglican traditions. What is shared between everyone in this diverse group is a commitment to academic rigour as well as a special interest in Mary the mother of Jesus, who is known as the Theotokos, Mother of God. The Handbook looks at both Eastern and Western perspectives and tries to correct imbalance in previous books on Mary towards the West. There is also a chapter on Mary in Islam, and on pilgrimages shared by Christian, Muslim, and Jewish adherents. Mary can be a source of theological disagreement, but the emphasis of this volume is on Mary’s rich potential for inter-faith and inter-denominational dialogue and shared experience.
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Guy S, Goodwin-Gill, and McAdam Jane. The Refugee in International Law. 4th ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808565.001.0001.
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The status of the refugee in international law, and of everyone entitled to protection, has always been precarious, not least in times of heightened and heated debate. People have always moved in search of safety, and they always will. This completely revised and updated edition casts new light on the refugee definition, the meaning of persecution, the role of gender and sexual orientation, the types of harm, and the protection due to refugees. The book reviews the fundamental principle of non-refoulement as a restraint on the conduct of States, even as States themselves seek new ways to prevent refugees and asylum seekers arriving. The book analyses related principles of protection—non-discrimination, due process, rescue at sea, and solutions—in light of what States, UNHCR, and treaty-monitoring bodies actually do, rather than merely deductively. It closely examines relevant treaty standards, and the role of UNHCR in providing protection, contributing to the development of international refugee law, and promoting solutions. New chapters bring into focus evolving protection demands in relation to nationality, statelessness, and displacement in the context of disasters and climate change. The book factors in the challenges posed by the movement of people across land and sea in search of refuge, and their interception, reception, and later treatment. The overall aim remains the same as in previous editions: to provide a sound basis for protection in international law, taking full account of State and community interests and recognizing the need to bridge gaps in the regime which now has 100 years of law and practice behind it.
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Archer-Parré, Caroline, and Malcolm Dick, eds. Pen, print and communication in the eighteenth century. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789622300.001.0001.
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Pen, print and communication in the eighteenth century is a volume of fourteen essays each of which explores the production, distribution and consumption of both private and public texts during the Enlightenment from a variety of historical, theoretical and critical perspectives. During the eighteenth century there was a growing interest in recording, listing and documenting the world, whether for personal interest and private consumption, or general record and the greater good. Such documentation was done through both the written and printed word. Each genre had its own material conventions and spawned industries which supported these practices. This volume considers writing and printing in parallel: it highlights the intersections between the two methods of communication; discusses the medium and materiality of the message; considers how writing and printing were deployed in the construction of personal and cultural identities; and explores the different dimensions surrounding the production, distribution and consumption of private and public letters, words and texts during the eighteenth-century. In combination the chapters in this volume consider how the processes of both writing and printing contributed to the creation of cultural identity and taste, assisted in the spread of knowledge and furthered bother personal, political, economic, social and cultural change in Britain and the wider-world. This volume provides and original narrative on the nature of communication and brings a fresh perspective on printing history, print culture and the literate society of the Enlightenment.
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Urban, Hugh, and Greg Johnson, eds. Irreverence and the Sacred. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190911966.001.0001.
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Irreverence and the Sacred brings together some of the most cutting-edge, interdisciplinary, and international scholars working today to debate key issues in the critical and comparative study of religion. The project is inspired in large part by the work of Bruce Lincoln, whose influential and wide-ranging scholarship has consistently posed challenging, provocative, and often irreverent questions that have really pushed the boundaries of the field of religious studies in important, sometimes controversial ways. Retracing the history of the discipline of religious studies, Lincoln argues that the field has consistently championed a “validating, feel-good” approach to religion rather than posing more critical questions about religious claims to authority and their role in history, politics, and social change. A critical approach to the history of religions, he suggests, would focus on the human, temporal, and material aspects of phenomena that are claimed to have a superhuman, eternal, or transcendent status. This volume takes up Lincoln’s challenge to “do better” by engaging in critical analyses of four key themes in the study of religion: myth, ritual, gender, and politics. A reflexive volume, the book also interrogates the “politics of scholarship” itself, critically examining the relations of power and material interests at work in the study as well as the practice of religion. The scholars involved in this project include not only some of the most important figures in the American study of religion—such as Wendy Doniger, Russell McCutcheon, Ivan Strenski, and Lincoln himself—but also European scholars whose work is hugely influential overseas but not well known in the United States—such as Stefan Arvidsson, Claude Calame, Nicolas Meylan, and others.
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Guesnet, François, Benjamin Matis, and Antony Polonsky, eds. Polin: Studies in Polish Jewry Volume 32. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906764739.001.0001.
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With its five thematic sections covering genres from cantorial to classical to klezmer, this pioneering multi-disciplinary volume presents rich coverage of the work of musicians of Jewish origin in the Polish lands. It opens with the musical consequences of developments in Jewish religious practice: the spread of hasidism in the eighteenth century meant that popular melodies replaced traditional cantorial music, while the greater acculturation of Jews in the nineteenth century brought with it synagogue choirs. Jewish involvement in popular culture included performances for the wider public, Yiddish songs and the Yiddish theatre, and contributions of many different sorts in the interwar years. Chapters on the classical music scene cover Jewish musical institutions, organizations, and education; individual composers and musicians; and a consideration of music and Jewish national identity. One section is devoted to the Holocaust as reflected in Jewish music, and the final section deals with the afterlife of Jewish musical creativity in Poland, particularly the resurgence of interest in klezmer music. The chapters do not attempt to define what may well be undefinable—what “Jewish music” is. Rather, they provide an original and much-needed exploration of the activities and creativity of “musicians of the Jewish faith.“
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Gorman, Jack M. Neuroscience at the Intersection of Mind and Brain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190850128.001.0001.
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This book makes complicated concepts and findings in modern neuroscience accessible to anyone with an interest in how the brain works. It explains in detail how every experience we have from the moment we are conceived changes our brains. Finally, it advances the idea that psychotherapy is a type of life experience that alters brain function and corrects aberrant brain connections. The chapters explore what makes our brains different from our nearest genetic neighbors; how life’s experiences affect the way genes in the brain are expressed and neurons connect with each other; why connections between different parts of the brain are important in both health and disease; what happens in the brains of animals and humans in the face of sudden fear, in depression, or when falling in love; and how medications and psychotherapies work. The book is based on cutting-edge research in neuroscience, psychiatry, and psychology and includes references to the scientific literature. Written by an author who studied human behavior and brain function for three decades, it is presented in a highly accessible manner, full of personal anecdotes and observations, and it touches on many of the controversies in contemporary mental health practice.