Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pratique d’enseignement'
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El, Hage Suzane. "Activités TICE, interactions langagières en classe et cohérence des séquences d’enseignement scientifiques." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO22013/document.
Full textOur work deals with the teaching practice. We are particularly interested in the discursive coherence of knowledge in a “natural” physics teaching sequence in electricity involving ICT. The study is conducted at the grade 12 (Terminale in France) in science class.The case study is based on theoretical elements used in science education (modeling, semiotic registers, multimodal discourse and communicative approach), it offers some conceptual development (inscription: imported from the anthropology of science). The study also proposes methodological developments for the analysis of discursive coherence of teachers and of inscriptions, and the interactions between them.We have suggested a distinction of four types of discursive coherence in the transmission of knowledge (expansion, reduction, self-reformulation and repetition). We also distinguish between two types of the inscriptions made by the teacher; they complement the potential of the software used by the teacher
Le, Bot Gaëlle. "Analyser la pratique d’enseignement sous l’angle des orientations de valeur : études de cas en éducation physique et sportive." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5460.
Full textHervé, Nicolas. "Analyses de pratiques d’enseignement de savoirs de la physique stabilisés (l’énergie) et controversés (le changement climatique)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20107/document.
Full textThe importance that takes the scientific and technical expertise in policy decisions questions both the figure of the scientific and the citizen. How can we learn to participate in the political decision-making by mobilizing scientific expertise ? In this context the teachnig of science and technology is criticized because it deals more wit "science made" (scientific facts) than science in "action" (a social construction of facts). The aim of this work is to investigate some conditions for integrating science "in action" in the actual practice of teaching, focusing on how two physics teachers teach energy, which is a stabilized content knowledege and climate change, which is a sociocontroversial issue.This analysis is structured around the Joint Action Theory in Didactic (JATD), supplemented by a communicative approach and an analysis of the 'language games"
Lampron, Roselyne. "Formation à l’accompagnement d’activités d’écriture disciplinaire : l’influence du rapport à l’écrit sur la réception d’une proposition d’ajustement de pratique d’enseignement." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/150.
Full textWojcieszak, Eric. "Construction de la matière scolaire "sciences et technologie" par les enseignants de l'école élémentaire : points de vue infradisciplinaire." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30048/document.
Full textMy thesis questions the construction of their subject by "Science and Technology" teachers. This designation, in elementary school, covers various configurations of science and technology education. The curricular variability of science education in elementary school and the diversity of the teaching team contrast the trend towards uniformity of prescribed and recommended teaching practices. Our thesis thus focuses on how this tension develops, on the one hand in the diversity of contents under the responsibility of very diverse teachers and, on the other hand, the prescriptions and recommendations tending to standardize the teaching practices. A didactic point of view has been mobilized for the analysis of declared and actual teaching practices. This thesis is based on a comprehensive and exploratory approach and it is organized according to a multiple case study. The analysis of the declared and actual practices shows that teachers construct two types of contents: on the one hand, knowledge contents and, on the other hand, contents of scientific practice. The inquiry approach is constructed in two ways, one cumulative in which the teacher directs the construction of knowledge step by step, the other when the teacher lets the students construct their knowledge along their individual progress. The analysis of actual practice shows that teacher mediations vary according to the content and, more particularly, they involve two types of student commitment in the activity (research students / finder students). From the interaction between content and context of the teaching practice, within the framework of a system of teacher support (ASTEP), we highlight a sharing of roles characterized by a distinction based as much on time and space as on the types of didactic mediations mobilized by the teacher and their assistant
Hanafi, Abir. "Virtualisation des pratiques d’enseignement en FOAD entre contexte et média : le cas du réseau Pyramide." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20052/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is a descriptive mixed study which articulates both qualitative and quantitative data. In a heuristic goal for the study of the teaching practices by Bru and according to the works of Tardif and Lebrun on the teaching and learning paradigms, the research aims at identifying the homogeneity and heterogeneity aspects of distance teaching practices of a synchronic distance learning network, the Pyramide network. The framework allowing the data analysis of the research rests on three main axes: the teaching practices of a distance learning structure, the organizer of the teaching practices and the various approaches of e-learning. The hypothesis of the research is based on the cross study of these axes. The research protocol is based on a questionnaire, the scale of Likert and semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the quantitative data allowed the definition of key factors for homogeneity and heterogeneity of the practices through new organizers such as interaction, sense of mastering technological tools and pedagogic innovation within the Pyramide structure. The research confirms the hypothesis that the e-training practices are organized around thirty axes that we have defined following the analysis of the trainers’ statements. However, it does not confirm the hypothesis that the Pyramid network is an organizer of homogeneity in spite of the strong character of the system which articulates structured pedagogic methods (AFT, TLP, TLT, visio) and an explicit pedagogic discourse rightfully centered on the learner in the teaching/learning situation. Overall, our research shows that pedagogic innovation is far from a reality in FOAD and that many teachers still favour the teaching paradigm over the learning paradigm
Barbeau, Brunelle Émilie. "Description du sens que donnent les enseignantes et les enseignants du secondaire à leurs pratiques d’enseignement de la grammaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10622.
Full textKasazian, Émilie. "Pratiques d’enseignement et descriptions grammaticales des langues étrangères dans le contexte scolaire. Le cas de l’Angleterre." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA096.
Full textThis doctoral research work is embedded in the field of applied linguistics but it is also based on Educational Sciences research. Its main goal is to study grammar teaching practices in the school context of England. The specificity of this field lies in the fact that learners are only slightly exposed to explicit grammar learning during primary school. Therefore, they are trained to think about language as they start their first modern foreign language lessons at school. Our research aims at understanding in what ways modern foreign language teachers bring their students to develop their language awareness in this particular context. We wish to figure out whether teachers use peculiar strategies to make up for the lack of metalinguistic awareness of their students. To do so, we conducted an exploratory and qualitative field research built on a holistic, ecological and interdisciplinary approach, taking into account the various foreign languages taught at school (German, Spanish and French). The collected data (MFL classroom observations and teachers semi-structured interviews) has revealed interesting analytical perspectives which bring light on teachers’grammar practices
Gharnaouti, Badria. "Politiques linguistiques éducatives en Algérie de 1962 à 2009 : vers un plurilinguisme ?" Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030043.
Full textIn the subject of politic linguistic and educational, the Algeria was confronted with the problems of orientation choices. With one part, the educational system was found to face different political and ideological problems and with other side, the different communities were searched to assert themselves in a favorable international trade company and hostile to certain practices that reduce threatening to languages, cultures while inducing new social behaviors. To account for its problems, two questions were asked: “How the successive governments have managed the diversity of languages in the educational system? What were their ideologies?” To answer these questions an overview of the linguistic landscape within and outside the educational system, notably under the impetus of the work of the Europe council has been developed. To identify the public opinion, a quantitative study conducted by us focuses on attitudes and the social representations that respondents in multilingualism. This will allow a glimpse of the real and concrete perspective for a multicultural multilingual education in the future
Babin, Julie. "La lecture d’oeuvres littéraires complètes au collégial: des cas de pratiques d’enseignement dans le cours d’Écriture et Littérature." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9782.
Full textBousadra, Fatima. "L’enseignement par projets en sciences et technologies : études des pratiques d’enseignement chez des enseignants du secondaire au Québec." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/157.
Full textPedro, Feliciano José. "L’approche interculturelle dans l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues étrangères : analyse des pratiques d’enseignement du français langue étrangère au Mozambique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0172/document.
Full textThe intercultural approach, which has become cross-cutting and interdisciplinary, has been adopted and established as an essential, indispensable and indisputable component of foreign language teaching since the 1970s. However, a critical analysis of the bibliography dedicated to it and of the various uses, in all fields combined, reveals diverse and even contradictory epistemological and methodological misunderstandings and positions. This has led some authors to draw up criticisms and to suggest ways for reorientation. Furthermore, we found that in the field of foreign language teaching in Mozambique, intercultural issues were not as ubiquitous and the subject of much research as in Europe, for example. It is in this perspective that we conducted this research in order to evaluate teachers' knowledge and the mechanisms for taking this approach into account in French as a foreign language courses in Mozambique. To do this, we analyzed documents (programs and textbooks) and conducted surveys through non-participant observations, semi-directive interviews and a questionnaire. Cross-checking the results of the various analyses, we have observed that speeches and perceptions were marked by the general tendency characteristic of interculturality because, on the one hand, all teachers believe and declare that they know what it is, while having difficulty explaining its mechanisms and illustrating their knowledge with classroom activities. On the other hand, they consider civilization and cultural activities and practices to be intercultural. This leads us to doubt the practice of interculturality in this context, despite the objectives contained in the curriculum and the teachers' declarations. Indeed, we found that the concepts were poorly mastered, leading to inconsistencies in teachers' representations. We believe that it is necessary to put in place measures to further develop, update and take into account this dimension at three levels: teacher training, curricula and text books
Charron, Gabrielle. "Les meilleures pratiques d’enseignement durant les stages cliniques : point de vue des ex-étudiantes, des préceptrices et des professeures cliniques en sciences infirmières." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42370.
Full textDebbagh, Abdelkader. "Les stratégies d’enseignement-apprentissage en FLE : l’exemple d’une classe primaire de la Grundschule en Allemagne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAC025.
Full textThe thesis at hand focuses entirely on the functionality of teaching strategies and illustrates them on the French as a Foreign Language lessons of a primary class in Germany. The results are based on the analysis of several course transcripts (stemming from a long-term study of 4 years) and the examination of official essays being published by the institution. Due to the absence of a valid model in this domain, we have introduced the following theoretical and practical approaches. S.P.I.R.A.L.: Puts the strategies in a system of multiple resource investments for the appropriation of a language (Système Pluriel d’Investissement de ressources pour l’Appropriation de la Langue). S.A.P.I.N.E.: The approach assigns a central place to the strategies which acts as a vector of knowledge (Strategies (Stratégies)/Learner (Apprenant)/ Power (Pouvoir)/Institution(Institution)/Noosphere (Noosphère)/ Teacher (Enseignant). C.E.R.C.E.: Explains the evolution of strategies going through 5 different phases (Convention (Convention)/ Development (Essor)/ Request (Requête)/ Change(Changement)/ Employment (Emploi). A.C.T.E: Practical model which consists of actions (actions), their fields (champs), their types (types) and their expression (expression). The thesis has shown that the teaching strategies are created by the interaction betweenthe learner and the teacher and by linking dialectic relation ships with the sociological reality. The model of analysis can be used to understand teaching strategies in other teaching contexts of foreign languages
Marceau, Nathalie. "L’autorégulation de l’apprentissage professionnel d’enseignants en exercice à l’ordre secondaire et le développement de la compétence professionnelle visant l’adaptation de leurs pratiques d’enseignement aux élèves en difficulté." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6994.
Full textLafenetre, Pascal. "Contribution à l’étude des inégalités scolaires selon le type d’orientation en classe de seconde : pratiques d’enseignement des mathématiques et habitus professionnel." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21954/document.
Full textNearly 80% of a class age is to be taken as far as the baccalauréat by the French Educational School System. Yet, this democratization of the system should not hide the persistence of certain inequalities. It seems indeed, that some school inequalities crystallize at school. That’s why this work will aim at showing, at first, that these inequalities increase during the 1st year of high school (our seconde). Moreover, inequalities of access come on top of inequalities of success. Then, it will be demonstrated in that work that teaching methods (different from one school to another), could as well explain the increase of inequalities. The first study will mainly deal with the evolution of the success inequalities in mathematics between general, technical and professional French high schools. It will be demonstrated as well that pupils don’t have the same opportunities according to their initial rank and according to the school they’re in. The second study will deal with the teaching methods and interviews of 10 teachers, from different types of high schools (LP, LT, LG). A quantitative and qualitative analysis of their speech and practices through their interviews and during the class will help characterize their practices according to the place they teach. It will thus help highlighting what could be called a professional habitus
Bedja, Soraya. "Evolution des pratiques d’enseignement différencié en algèbre élémentaire en fin de collège dans le cadre d’un travail collaboratif entre enseignants et chercheurs." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC333/document.
Full textIn our research, we are interesting in the management of the heterogeneity of students learning of the same class, and in the differentiation of teaching in the field of algebraic calculations,in the end of compulsory schooling in France. These questions have been the subject of several studies especially in the field of sociology (Bourdieu 1966), Science Education (Perrenoud, 1989, 1991; Przesmycki, 1991; Caron, 2003; Sarrazy, 2007) and in the field of mathematics education (Charnay, 1995; Grugeon, 1997; Castela , 2007; Pilet, 2012). Since recent years, they constitute two news topics in French secondary education. The different research highlights the fact that teachers are in difficulty to advance students. Two reasons lead us to focus on these themes. On one hand, the finding of confusion for teachers in managing the growing difficulties of students, and, on the other hand, the results of the French school system in terms of knowledge of students in national and international evaluations, particularly in the mathematical field. The aim of our research is to study the evolution of differentiation practices in teaching algebra, using resources whose cognitive and epistemological relevance has been highlighted in Pilet’s researches (2012) and a collaborative work between teachers and researchers as part of IREM group entitled « Differentiation in teaching algebra »
Nicot-Guillorel, Muriel. "L’appropriation de l’écrit en contexte scolaire multilingue : la situation de Madagascar : des résultats des élèves en malgache et en français aux pratiques d’enseignement-apprentissage." Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00370482/fr/.
Full textThis thesis, structured in three volumes, attempts to understand the factors that influence the appropriation of literacy in Malagasy elementary schools. The first volume presents the sociolinguistic context of Madagascar and describes the characteristics of the two languages in use in elementary schools in 2004, Malagasy and French, in order to identify points of convergence or contrast. The second volume studies pupils’ reading and writing results in Malagasy and in French, as measured by the PASEC VII evaluation in the ligth of western scientific data on reading (social and cultural trends, cognitive psychology, inter- and trans-linguistics data, etc). This second volume is aimed to validate five research hypotheses concerning the L1 (dialectal, official)/L2 relation, as well as the influence teachers’ French language levels, on pupils’ results. After this quantitative and descriptive approach, the third volume adopts an ethnographical approach centred on an examination of teacher-pupils interactions during reading sessions filmed in two schools located on the High Plateaus. The position adopted is essentially historical-cultural, and proceeds primarily by an analysis of reading prescriptions in Madagascar since the time of the missionaries. It also attempts to use the principles of ergonomic psychology to analyze the professional gestures of the reading teacher. The research hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the professional “development” of Malagasy teachers in the area of reading. In this perspective, this thesis makes a contribution to the problem of "the universal eradication of illiteracy" in Education For All plans established for poor, heavily indebted (PPTE) countries
Tixier, Marine. "La référence dans la formation du projet architectural et urbain : identification d’un référentiel dans les pratiques d’enseignement des ENSA françaises (Bordeaux, Saint-Étienne, Paris Belleville)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20034.
Full textThis research goes along a will of architectural and urban training scheme reading in French schools, such on didactics than teaching skills. It about to identify the main teaching flows across the ENSA. In order to do this, we base on modern references as identifying tools, cross-elements of all teaching projects. We suppose an inherent link between references, reference-reinterpretation forms and frame of reference building. In order to confirm our hypothesis we have tried to understand greats teaching historic periods, structure of our actual model. Then, we have followed during a semester 6 project studios from Bordeaux, Saint-Étienne and Paris Belleville ENSA, each committed by a form of reference reinterpretation. If the reference appears correctly, an identifying tool peculiar to the architectural project, and that multiple forms of reinterpretation are identifiable (formal, constructive, methodological and moral), it is no longer possible to identify frames of reference teaching schemes. Didactics and teaching skills formerly building the frame of reference are nowadays multiple. Furthermore, circumstances concept incorporates the student into his own learning process. If we do not talk about teaching frame of reference anymore, we will use the term of skill frames of reference in order to identify interdisciplinarities. This identification is directed at both teachers and students, in order to get into position their practices, but also to make students reach a better understanding of the teaching goals they receive. This research intends to re-establish a dialogue between the project participants
Uribe, Laura. "Des pratiques d’enseignement en contexte bilingue à la formation des enseignants. Une perspective convergente : Les écoles primaires du réseau AEFE en Amérique latine. Étude de cas." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA117.
Full textThis investigative work is part of the theoretical field of language instruction and bilingualism. Its purpose is the study of, and the reflection upon the harmonization of teaching practices in two primary schools belonging to the network of the Agency for French Instruction Abroad (AEFE) in Latin America: one in Santiago, Chili, and the other in La Paz, Bolivia. After a certain point in its development, this study extends to other schools in the AEFE network located in Latin America. The interlanguage of young learners is the matrix for this theorization work. A large part of the dissertation is dedicated to analyzing linguistic interactions in French class, Spanish class and bilingual class in order to grasp the pedagogical means used by instructors to deal with language features and in particular, inherent linguistic interferences. This analysis deals closely with the dynamics of articulation between the national language and the french language in daily classroom practices. This investigation uses theoretical reflections and field experiments to examine the taking into account of certain didactic parameters needed to implement a convergent instruction curriculum, on the one hand, and the conceptualization and implementation of an instructor training curriculum in convergent didactics, on the other hand
Este trabajo de investigación se enmarca en el ámbito teórico de la didáctica lingüística y del bilingüismo. Contempla el estudio y la reflexión sobre la armonización de prácticas de enseñanza y de aprendizaje en dos escuelas primarias asociadas a la red educativa de los centros de la Agencia para la Enseñanza Francesa en el Extranjero (A.E.F.E): la escuela de Santiago de Chile (Centro de la Alianza Saint-Exupéry) y la de La Paz en Bolivia (Centro del Colegio Franco Boliviano Alcide d’Orbigny). A partir de cierto grado de su desarrollo, este estudio abarca otras escuelas de la red de centros A.E.F.E ubicadas en el continente suramericano.La interlengua de los alumnos que en este contexto inician su aprendizaje a una edad temprana constituye la matriz en la que se fundamenta este trabajo de teorización.Gran parte de la tesis se centra en el análisis de las interacciones lingüísticas en las clases de francés, de español y en la clase bilingüe, a fin de potenciar la comprensión de los recursos pedagógicos utilizados por los docentes para plantear fenómenos lingüísticos y, en particular, las interferencias lingüísticas que los caracterizan. Siendo así, este análisis se fija en la dinámica de articulación entre la lengua nacional y la lengua francesa en las prácticas educativas cotidianas.A partir de reflexiones teóricas y de experiencias directas, esta investigación cuestiona, por una parte, el tener presentes ciertas consideraciones didácticas necesarias en el planteamiento convergente de una enseñanza curricular, y, por otra, la conceptualización y la aplicación de un currículo de capacitación docente en didáctica convergente
Raybaud-Patin, Nicole. "Pratiques d'enseignement évaluatives informelles orales au regard du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle et du statut de l’élève dans trois disciplines : le cas d’enseignants du Cycle III de l’école primaire." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20111/document.
Full textOur research about the informal oral assessment practices of teachers is contributing to describe, explain, understand modalities and dynamics of teaching into their links to learning students.We state the following conjecture : "During a scholarly year, informal oral assessment practices of teachers belong to dynamic between teacher's personal and professional resources, their professional environments and "what is emerging" in teaching-learning situations".Four 3rd class teachers have been filmed, each of them nine a year, for three lessons: French, Mathematics and Physical Education each trimester. We study "Oral Assessment Unities" linking verbal and non verbal. Teacher's professional resources are updated by research of their own self efficacy. Their professional environment is sensed through the status that they give to their students.These teachers are frequently assessing, of their own initiative, their reports are short, sometime implicit (non verbal contributing to get meaning). “Low" pupils are most frequently assessed. Teachers are less assessing in Physical Education. More often, when self efficacy is high, assessments are "positive" for "high" pupils; when self efficacy is moderated, assessments are "negative" mainly in Physical Education; when self efficacy is "low", assessments are "negative" for the entire class
Roiné, Christophe. "Cécité didactique et discours noosphériens dans les pratiques d'enseignement en SEGPA : une contribution à la question des inégalités." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21629/document.
Full textSince 50 years, school has deeply changed in discourses and teaching practices. Nevertheless, she doesn’t succeed in changing the access and success inequality of lower-class pupils. We question this “useless change”. This study is about academic discourses. We show that a break happened around the 90’s. The focus on the individuals, their mental mechanisms, their capacities and attitudes signed a new way to name pupils in defeat and the types of regulation recommended in fighting against school inequalities. The notion of “pupil in difficulties” appeared, as well as orders to individualize teaching. A questionnaire and interviews with teachers working in adapted teaching classrooms show that an ideology we call “mentalist” comes over academic discourses and teacher’s minds. The “pupils in difficulties” are characterized by cognitive “specificities” which are supposed to explain their failures. Nevertheless, this “hypothesis of specificities” is wrong considering our studies of results these pupils get in national tests. The study is also about eight mathematics teacher’s practices in adapted teaching classroom. We define two types of teaching very different: a “traditional type” and a “meta-cognitive type”. These two types, apparently so different, are finally very similar considering the conditions of devolution of knowledge to pupils during a mathematic research. These two types take sense in a same dualist Background which makes only the pupils responsible of the mathematics rules comprehension, and totally forgets the didactics conditions. Teachers can’t consider these conditions: we call this fact “didactic blindness”. This blindness could explain school inequalities
Perron, Séverine. "Etude de l'articulation des démarches d'investigation scientifique avec les autres savoirs composant la structure disciplinaire : cas d'enseignants de sciences de la vie et de la Terre exerçant en collège français." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0063/document.
Full textScientific inquiry are present both in institutional texts and in scientific literature. In this research, we study how French teachers articulate the processes of scientific inquiry (DIS) with other knowledge in the sciences of life and the Earth (SVT). Our work is based on three constructs: investigation procedures, disciplinary knowledge and teaching practices. The methodology is based on a mixed research of explanatory sequential type and descriptive nature. Three types of instrumentation are used to collect the data: a questionnaire, semi-directed interviews and observations of class sessions. Data from closed and open questionnaire questions are analyzed using a lexical approach using SPSS® and IRaMuTeQ® software.Data from interviews and observations are analyzed using a thematic approach using a grid constructed a priori. We identify through this research work a disappearance of conceptual knowledge during implementation of DIS in the classroom. Teachers do not necessarily want their students to acquire or mobilize conceptual knowledge. The skills or attitudes often associated with DIS are prioritized. Finally, some teachers may, for lack of epistemological knowledge related to the construction of knowledge in SVT, ignore that the objective of the DIS would be the reconstruction of conceptual knowledge and as such consider the DIS as a way of reasoning, such as skills or even multidisciplinary skills (English, French, etc.)
Louis, Natacha. "Vivre une démarche de résolution de problèmes par la pensée design : une étude de cas." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42386.
Full textDjiecheu, Yannick. "Cultures éducatives et traditions d’enseignement des langues officielles au Canada : Analyses de textes officiels, de manuels et de témoignages d’enseignants en Ontario et au Québec." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030017.
Full textStarting from the premise that practical language teaching is deeply characterized by variations,this research suppose that face to face and divergent educational and linguistic cultures canexplain these variations and their factors. Through a comparative analysis of Canadian officialtexts, textbooks and teachers’ discourses, we aim to show that divergent teaching traditionsbetween French and English as second language can appear in the discourses about secondlanguage teaching in this country. In this way, these traditions could ask the question about acommon and shared educational and teaching culture in Canada
Riou, Jerôme. "Étude de l'influence de l'enseignement du code alphabétique sur la qualité des apprentissages des élèves de cours préparatoire." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL024/document.
Full textOur doctoral research focuses on the influence of phonics instruction on first-grade students’ progress. Its purpose is to identify effective teaching practices and to contribute to the training of teachers. This research is part of a larger study conducted by Roland Goigoux, which aimed to assess the influence of reading and writing on the quality of learning.The first part of our research examines causal relationships between the characteristics of phonics instruction and students’ performances in decoding and spelling. First, we study the influence of the speed of teaching of grapheme-phoneme relationships (tempo) and of the decodable part of texts used to teach reading (rendement effectif). Our results reveal a significant influence of these two variables on the quality of learning, this influence being different according to students’ initial levels. Besides, we propose a planning of the phonics instruction based on the theoretical frequency of the grapheme-phoneme correspondences in texts written in standard French which can serve as references for the teachers. We also study the effects of the teaching time allocated to encoding tasks on reading achievement, effects which appear to be significant and positive but which vary according to the nature of the tasks and to students’ characteristics.In the second part of our dissertation, we attempt to analyze and document teaching practices of experienced first-grade teachers for training purposes. We analyze a reference situation of the teaching of reading and writing from the video recordings of thirty six collective sessions of reading. Then, we describe prototypical teaching scenarios and lay the foundations for a training intended to develop the professional skills of the teachers. Specifically, we raise the issue of the relationship between the resolution of decoding and understanding tasks and the autonomy that decoding success afforded the students. We finally present the digital platform we designed, which allows calculating the decodable part of texts used during reading instruction. This platform named Anagraph has been designed to help teachers plan the study of the grapheme-phoneme correspondences and to choose texts adapted to their teaching
Pegourie, Khellef Marjorie. "Les gestes professionnels des enseignants de disciplines dites non linguistiques dans trois établissements à dispositif d’enseignement bilingue français-arabe en Egypte." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20028/document.
Full textHow teachers of non-linguistic subjects take in charge the exolingual situation of their classroom ? What space is made for L2 within the practices of these teachers ? This question was asked to 60 educational actors from three religious bilingual French-Arabic schools in Egypt. The corpus is made of sequences of footage during science and mathematics classes, of recorded interviews of various actors and of teaching material. This allows to move forward with a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the practices observed. The results show that all the teachers use mediation and discursive gestures in their lessons. Some mediation gestures are more specific to some subjects, all teachers use code switching, and metalinguistic and « metalangagière » dimension for L2 explanation, which is helping for developing discursive register for each discipline. In conclusion, non-linguistic subject teachers consider L2 as a teaching target. Nevertheless, the existence of these practices doesn’t allow legitimation by teachers themselves or by other educational actors. This paradox between practices and representations produces doubt about what should be a professional gesture for the sample of teachers in our corpus. The outcome of our study is precisely to remove this ambiguity by observing, pointing out, defining and categorizing professional gestures concerning L2 during a non- linguistic subject lesson and supporting by present research on immersion and integration, in a didactic field
Agbodjogbe, Basile Djessounounkon. "L’implémentation des nouveaux programmes par compétences au Bénin : des textes officiels aux pratiques d’enseignement : analyses didactiques en éducation physique et sportive et en sciences de la vie et de la terre en classe de 5ème." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20028/document.
Full textThis thesis is about the curriculum reform in physical education and biology as implemented in the Republic of Benin. The research is conveyed through a comparative approach and look at the didactical transposition. Three studies are conducted. The first one characterizes from a content analysis of official documents the new disciplinary matrix of the physical education curriculum and the biology curriculum. The second study concerns the discourses held by different actors (supervisors, mentors, and teachers) on the curriculum reform which began ten years ago. The last one is about the teaching practices of 6 teachers (3 in PE teaching basket-ball; 3 in Biology teaching predation and parasitism as inter species relations). The findings highlight the constraints that weight on the ways these new curricula are implemented in classroom
Blouin, Marie-José. "Entre culture d'enseignement et culture d'apprentissage : étude des représentations des enseignants de FLE sur leurs pratiques en milieu universitaire vietnamien." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3043.
Full textThis thesis is about French as foreign language teaching practices inside vietnamese academic community. Its purpose is to study these practices based on teachers’ representations in order to understand how they would use teaching methods closed to theoretical references of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages - they were trained with their theoretical references - and what they actually they say they do in their classes practices inside the educational local culture. This title « Midway between cultural education and cultural learning » identifies the dialectics or contentious connection between the heritage of cultural customs which exists inside learning-education traditional methods and western influences as the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages which represents one of the methods to learn and teach languages. Between this past and present methodologies, the issue is to understand how teachers perceive their practices when we know that vietnamese government promotes western influences in its language policy. This thesis tries to answer at 2 questions : 1. What is the impact of educative and social culture in the way teachers teach ? 2. In what ways and how far they adapt these western influences to vietnamese local context ? In methodological way, this thesis gives priority to qualitative approach and bases on fifteen academic teachers of French as foreign language interviews based in North, Center and South Vitenam
Ballet, Delphine. "Approche sociologique de l'intervention éducative dans le monde de la santé. Analyse des pratiques effectives des formateurs en éducation thérapeutique du patient." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/19_38_DBallet.pdf.
Full textTherapeutic patient education (TPE) questions the learning conditions to be met forpeople with chronic illnesses to acquire knowledge and know-howmake appropriate decisions regarding the management of their disease. In a French context aimed at the development of TPE, health professionals are increasingly invited to analyse their practices by questioning the knowledge at stake, the position of the trainer and the potential effects of the educational practices developed. Building on the educational sciences and more specifically on the concept of educational intervention as a theoretical construct of practice, but also on the work relating to teaching practices, this research aims to characterize the activity by studying it from two complementary angles: 1- What happens in a learning context (by observing the practices of the trainers); 2- What happens to the practices declared before and after the Teaching-learning situations-TPE (TLS-TPE). The analysis of 42 TLS-TPE observed in France in 4 regions, 4 types of health structures and 10 different chronic pathologies makes it possible to identify“practice organisers” which correspond to practice invariants specific to the TPE. By remaining more focused on the knowledge to be transmitted rather than on an education in selfmanagement, by being structured by the temporalities of the educational intervention, the practices « en-soignantes » are characterized here, in contrast to teaching practices, between permanence and singularity. The dynamic created by highlighting these contrasts allows us to consider new possibilities for adjusting TPE pratices, particularly in the training context of health professionals
Michel, Laurent. "Étude de la construction du sujet enseignant lors de la situation tutorale dans le cadre de sa formation initiale : une étude de cas à partir d’un modèle d’enseignement de type coteaching." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0024/document.
Full textBased on the analysis of international reviews and articles of a relative efficiency of the traditional system of initial training for preservice teachers (PST), which is based on the postulate of integrative alternance, this study aims to question the modalities of joint, collaborative and situated training working. More precisely, this study develops case studies in the context of the training system anchored in coteaching in Physical Education. It studies the conditions of the professional activity of PST, and beyond the teaching subject construction. As part of a technological research program in adult education whose theoretical foundations are the culturalist anthropology (Bertone, 2011 ; Chaliès, 2012), and inspired by the analytical philosophy of Wittgenstein (2004), this study was carried out by four systems. For each of them, the mentor and the PST carried out a joint activity during (i) the planning of the lesson, (i) the lesson, and (iii) the reflection after this lesson. These phases were supplemented by training dialogue which deliberately integrated the researchers’ presence, and an interview guide allowing actors to learn in detail their work. Self-confrontation data were also collected, which helped to formalize the practical reasoning of the actors during the training and to identify the teleology of the training and teaching actions carried out. The results show that the technological system allowed the teaching from the mentor of normative experiments located (NEL) by giving orders and/or showing by example. These teaching methods were associated with explanations deliberately given by the mentor which contributed to the development of the teaching subject. A double process of subject construction (Chaliès, 2012) has been documented, both on a dialogical and reflexive level in post-lesson training, as well as the implementation of actions set in the class. The results allowed (i) to discuss the traditional postulate of integrative alternance in the initial training of teachers, and (ii) to open perspectives to develop initial teacher training systems
Chollet-Mocanu, Carmen. "L’enseignement des langues romanes et de l’anglais dans un lycée roumain : analyse des manuels scolaires et pratiques pédagogiques." Thesis, Avignon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AVIG1091/document.
Full textThis research finds its justification in the spirit of the opening towards the modern foreign languages in the European Union. As, since January 2007, Romania has entered this big family, the teaching of modern foreign languages has become, more than ever, a priority. In this research we were interested in : - the place of the Romance languages and of the English language in the Romanian education system of today ; - the way in which the current official documents (school curricula, national curricula, school textbooks) of the Ministry of Education and Research of Romania integrates a new framework of the European Council, Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) ; - the current school textbooks of the Romance languages (French, Italian, Spanish) and of English ; - the pedagogical activity in the teaching of various foreign languages. Nowadays, the ways of learning and teaching are numerous, but our analysis followsthe theoretical framework of CEFR, with the purpose of helping teachers, students and the authors of courses coordinate their efforts to enhance the quality of the teaching process. Our research opens the way for a deeper reflection as to the efficiency of the methods used today in the field of teaching foreign languages in high school. The modern Didactics tries to answer the requests of the society, proposing multiple strategies and adapted to form the students. The experience of the tradition associated with the capacity of innovation sets the new landmarks of school for a multicultural society. If the Romanian educational system wants to keep pace with the modernity, will have to continue the steps already made observing and applying the CEFR rules, to secure that the teachers are formed and are given the means to integrate this modernity in the actual teaching and practice in schools
Fauré, Laurent. "Co-enseignement et développement professionnel des enseignants en agroéquipements de l'enseignement agricole." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20031/document.
Full textThis article-based thesis studies the circulation of knowledge in teaching and co-teaching practices for agricultural equipment sciences and techniques through different forms of support directly in the classroom. The theoretical approach articulates teaching practices, knowledge and professional development. The qualitative methodological approach is based on the design and implementation of an innovative co-teaching system for agricultural education. The results show that, starting from a reflexivity process, a professional knowledge mediation happens in stages of professional socialization. The analysis of these results allows new professionnal development model. This model links the processors of teaching practices to the model of joint quaternary causation of practices through the conversion of knowledge that happens in co-teaching phases. A new research process is thus brought to light with three levels of collaboration: co-teaching, collaborative research and co-research. These results open new perspectives for research and teacher training
Colombel, Claire. "Langues kanak, français, langues d'enseignement et de culture en Nouvelle Calédonie : Quelle glottopolitique pour quelle contextualisation sociodidactique ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3038.
Full textThis thesis has an inductive approach in line with an interpretativist paradigm intersecting between the fields of sociolinguistics and didactics in a pluri- diglossical context. This study seeks to describe and analyze the political, social and didactic issues raised by the new linguistic policy of New Caledonia initiated by the “Accord de Noumea” (1998). If the first request to recognize Kanak specificities (including languages) in school goes back to the early 1970's, the “Accord de Noumea” revitalized the “language issue” by stating, for the first time, that Kanak languages are teaching and culture language with French. The research consists of clarifying the choises made by the linguistic planners on the corpus and on the status of Kanak languages – raising their status medium of education. The theoretical contributions stemming from sociolinguistics, didactics, sociology and ethnomethodology complement each other to contextualize my fieldwork – a survey in six pre-schools in the “Grand Noumea”, three years long. The qualitative analyze of the data enables the better understanding how the political, social and didactic consensus reached with the “Accord de Noumea” is realized through the implementation of teaching (in) Kanak languages
Olleik, Zeinab. "Les interactions didactiques en classe de français au cycle primaire au Liban Sud : analyse des stratégies verbales et non verbales de l'enseignant." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030037/document.
Full textIn our research, we analyze the didactic interactions in the classes of the French language that is taught as a second language in the elementary school in Lebanon. More precisely, we had analyzed the communication strategies of verbal and nonverbal teaching, which are utilized by the teachers to ensure mutual comprehension and to maximize the acquisition of the knowledge and know-how of learners. Our study is based on a corpus collected from French classes in the public and private schools in Nabatiyé. The objective of this work is to analyze the role of the school in the success of a French Arab active bilingualism. The qualitative and quantitative analysis enabled us to explore the principal strategies that are frequently used by the teachers; to analyze the principal forms and functions and to extract from them the discursive and structural specificities of the didactic interactions in the elementary school in Lebanon. The obtained elem! ents from the observation open the road for fabricating a new pedagogy conception in the Lebanese scholar context
Collin, Simon. "L'interaction en ligne comme soutien à la pratique réflexive des enseignants-stagiaires." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4546.
Full textSince it is tightly linked to professional action (Schön, 1983), reflective practice is commonly associated with teaching internships that generally punctuate initial teacher training programs in North America. Among the devices supporting reflective practice during teaching internships, online interactions seem particularly relevant since: (1) they help overcome the geographic scattering of student teachers (Karsenti, Lepage and Gervais, 2002); (2) they have a sociocognitive potential (Depover, Karsenti and Komis, 2007), likely to contribute to reflective practice development. However, the relationship between online interaction and reflective practice, even though it looks positive when mentioned, remains hardly addressed in the scientific literature and little problematized at the theoretical level. Yet, this relationship raises questions since reflective practice refers to an intrapersonal process whereas online interaction is, by definition, interpersonal. This apparent paradox instigated this research. The general objective is to better understand the relationship between reflective practice and online interactions during teaching internships of student teachers. To achieve this objective, we present the conceptual framework of interactional reflective practice developed through the association of semiotic mediation (Vygotsky, 1962) with reflective practice (Schön, 1983). The mixed-methodology that we have chosen, though qualitatively prevalent, included the participation of three student teachers groups in the forth year of secondary teaching (N=34) and their academic, university supervisors. We decided that the results obtained from the three student teachers groups ought to be presented in three separate research articles (chapters 6, 7 and 8). The first one aims at examining how reflective practice is built through student teachers’ online interaction. The empirical results indicate that two types of interactions (interpersonal interaction and intrapersonal interaction) seem to intervene jointly in student teachers’ reflective process. Consequently, we improved the conceptual framework of interactional reflective practice by moving from a circular movement of the reflective process to a more binary-like movement. After having refined the conceptual framework of interactional reflective practice in the article 1, the second article aims at establishing its limits and success factors. In doing so, we aimed at informing its implementation in teaching internships. Four types of limits were identified (academic, social, developmental and interactional limits). They lead to four success factors, which leads us up to complete the conceptual framework of interactional reflective practice. Finally, the third article aims at determining the role of online interaction for student teachers’ reflective practice. In other words, this meant “confronting” online interaction with other devices supporting student teachers’ reflective practice in order to better understand its role. It appears that online interactions seem to have a secondary but nevertheless positive role for student teachers’ reflective practice but also for other aspects of teaching practicum, such as social, psychological and emotional aspects. We finish by suggesting some recommendations aimed at initial teacher training stakeholders, as well as future research perspectives.
Brassard, Isabelle. "Fonctions exécutives et processus d’écriture : portrait de pratiques d’enseignement au secondaire." Thèse, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4366/1/Brassard_uqac_0862N_10368.pdf.
Full textHuynh, Thi Tram Sinh. "L'évolution des conceptions et des pratiques relatives à la notion de phrase en FLE d’enseignants vietnamiens du secondaire engagés dans une formation continue en syntaxe." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9001.
Full textThis research aims to describe the evolution of conceptions and teaching practices related to the notion of sentence of five Vietnamese French teachers involved in a training program about syntax in new grammar and children’s literature. To examine the evolution of teachers’ conceptions of sentence, we conducted two semi-structured interviews, one before and one after the training program. To study the evolution of teaching practices on sentence, we observed only one teacher after training. In addition, she described her practices on sentence in a telephone interview that took place at the end of each month (November 2011-March 2012). Our results indicate that teachers changed their conceptions on sentence. Indeed, in the second interview, we observed for the five teachers better results in identifying sentences, most convincing identification criteria, improved accuracy in the comments relative to the definitions and in explanations of errors. As far as practices are concerned, the teacher we followed has completed activities on sentence after training, which constitutes an improvement in practices since before training, this concept was neglected. Her observed and reported practices indicate that she has integrated in her class the key concepts of new grammar concerning the sentence and children’s literature in teaching this concept.
Diallo, Abdoul. "Les TIC à l’école élémentaire : étude du processus de construction des usages pédagogiques des TIC chez des instituteurs sénégalais." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5051.
Full textSenegal has elected to use ICT as a strategic lever to improve teaching and learning outcomes in elementary schools. However, this option raises questions, for instance, how and why to develop pedagogical uses of ICT. This study aims to describe and analyze the process and factors involved in ICT integration into the teaching practices of Senegalese elementary school teachers. It is based on an ICT integration model drawn from Sandholtz, Ringstaff, and Dwyer (1997), Karsenti, Savoie-Zajc, and Larose (2001), and Poellhuber and Boulanger (2001). Six elementary school teachers in Dakar’s education system who have been working for at least four years on integrating ICT into classrooms were selected for a multi-case study. Six semi-structured individual interviews were conducted, complemented by a questionnaire, observation of ICT integration practices, and a documentary analysis for additional information and triangulation. The results are presented in three articles, each providing an in-depth examination of one aspect of the research objective. What emerges is that the six participants use ICT according to their specific profile. They use ICT at home for information gathering, communication, and classroom preparation, and in the classroom for research and documentation, editing and publishing, and thematic and subject learning with students. The comparative analyses show that their training (initial and in-service) has inadequately prepared them to integrate ICT into their teaching practices. Instead, pedagogical teams have initiated projects for ICT integration, and teachers have used individual self-training and organization strategies as well as collective and cooperative training strategies to improve their use of ICT and overcome difficulties. This process is supported by various contextual, institutional, and social factors. In addition, they share attitudes, beliefs, and epistemic and psychosocial approaches, which drive them to continuously upgrade their ICT integration practices. This study aims to better understand the process by which an elementary school teacher progresses from personal to professional and pedagogical ICT use, and the factors that influence the cooptation and appropriation processes involved. Models of ICT implementation and ICT integration stages are proposed. These can be shared and incorporated into teacher training materials. The results of this study could help educators define use contexts and to design pedagogical and psychosocial tools for ICT training. The hope is that teachers will develop behaviors and attitudes that favor ICT integration into teaching practices.
Aurousseau, Emmanuelle. "Étude de pratiques d’enseignement relatives à la modélisation en sciences et technologies avec des enseignants du secondaire." Thèse, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4360/1/Aurousseau_uqac_0862D_10366.pdf.
Full textRuberto, Noémia. "Apprentissage de l’orthographe lexicale : évaluation de l’efficacité de pratiques d’enseignement auprès d’élèves francophones de la deuxième année du primaire." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23559.
Full textLearning to spell in French is a challenge for many children (Fayol and Jaffré, 2014). Descriptive studies conducted on French-speaking children show that the majority of spelling mistakes are related to visual aspects of words and more precisely, to multigraphic phonemes (same sound written in many ways) and silent letters that do not carry meaning (Daigle, Costerg, Plisson, Ruberto & Varin, 2016 ; Plisson, Daigle & Montésinos-Gelet, 2013). In the current research, we conducted a quasi-experimental study on 131 French-speaking children (mean age: 7.5) to define the most efficient teaching contexts to learn these visual aspects. Two teaching devices were tested in four second-grade elementary school classes: 1) teaching of visual and semantic aspects of words (TVS, n = 43) and 2) teaching of only the visual aspects of words (TV, n = 44). Two other classes formed the control condition (CC, n = 44). In both teaching conditions, the same 24 words were taught. Half of these words were trained in a reading context while the other half were trained in a reading and writing context. To assess their knowledge, participants performed a gap dictation of the 24 targeted words before (pretest), one week after the intervention (immediate posttest) and six weeks after (delayed posttest). ANOVAs were conducted to compare the students’ performances between groups (TVS, TV and CC) before and after the intervention. Results showed that children who benefited from the intervention (TVS and TV) progressed further than the ones who did not (CC). Furthermore, the gains made are maintained more than one month after the end of the intervention. Finally, the results indicate that words trained in a reading and writing context are learned more effectively than words trained in a reading-only context. These results provide interesting insights into the practices that teachers should focus on to promote spelling acquisition.
Singcaster, Mélissa. "Description de pratiques d’enseignement visant à former les élèves à l’utilisation du dictionnaire électronique en classe de français au secondaire." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25700.
Full textThis research aims to better understand how some French secondary school teachers train their students to use the electronic dictionary in class by determining the knowledge and skills related to its use that are the subject of classroom teaching and by describing the practices related to the teaching of these dictionary skills. To achieve our goals, we conducted interviews with eight teachers, who also noted in a diary, for a month, the activities or interventions requiring the use of the electronic dictionary that they carried out in class. In the light of our data analysis, we drew a portrait of the teaching practices of each teacher, and a comparison of the similarities and differences between the portraits then enabled us to identify three distinct profiles of practices whose goal is to train students to use the electronic dictionary: 1) spontaneous teaching, focusing on a few elements related to its use, 2) teaching planned at the start of the year and spontaneous thereafter, focusing on a greater variety of elements and, finally, 3) regular planned teaching, which also incorporates a wide variety of elements related to the use of the electronic dictionary, but which also includes knowledge that relates specifically to the use of the electronic format. Our study shows that the integration of a tool such as the electronic dictionary into teaching practices is a long and complex process, and that the wealth of dictionaries made available to teachers does not guarantee richer or better teaching. As such, we believe that training on the use of electronic dictionary could be useful for practicing teachers as well as future teachers, because it would allow them to become more familiar with its use in a personal capacity first, and then for educational purposes.
Saulnier-Beaupré, Karine. "Les pratiques d’enseignement de la littératie d’enseignants experts du premier cycle du primaire et la place accordée à la différenciation pédagogique." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9727.
Full textThe present research document aims to describe the practices of literacy of teachers considered as experts in an early elementary school context in Montreal. Specifically, the three research objectives of our work are as follows: describe the teaching practices applied to written language used by some teachers considered as experts (N = 6) in an early elementary school context in Montreal (objective 1); describe the various types of differentiated teaching selected by some teachers considered as experts in a Montreal-specific context to teach reading and writing skills according to the varying needs of their students (objective 2); and investigate possible links between the teaching practices applied to the acquisition of writing skills used by teachers considered as experts and the progress made by their students (N = 100) in the first cycle of elementary school in a Montreal, in terms of their knowledge of phonographic relationships and the spelling standard (objective 3). In order to meet these goals, we conducted two interviews with teachers, and ran two classroom observations, one in the fall and the other in spring. For their part, students were subjected to two writing tasks twice during the year (one aimed at word generation and the other at text production) to measure their progress during the year as it relates to their knowledge of phonographic relationships and to the spelling standard. Results showed that teaching practices as well as frequency vary greatly from one teacher to another. The richness of the material presented in class also differs greatly. In accordance with the multi-agenda model of Bucheton and Soulé (2009), the five components of the activity matrix of the teacher were found in all classes, but did not have the same importance for every one of the teachers engaged in our research. The results also indicate that all teachers differentiate their teaching, although at varying degrees. It seems that differentiation of processes, of contents and of structures is the easiest factor to implement in the classroom. In line with our adaptation of Caron’s model of differentiated instruction (2008), it seems that the elements that were most mobilized were diversification and the offering of choices. Adaptation measures were seldom emphasized in classroom practices, while no measures of individualization were observed. In regard to student performance in writing tasks, our results indicate that two groups stand out among the six. Indeed, it is in these two classes that we observed the greatest increase. Practices used by the teachers in these two classes were very diverse and they were the only ones who used all of the methods discussed in interviews. Furthermore, the content of the course was rich, a characteristic of effective teaching practices (Hall 2003). Similarly, these two teachers offered their students a high quality scaffolding and mastered coaching tasks. This research can be used to shed new light on the practices of literacy used by teachers that are considered as experts in order to better understand these practices, as well as the importance given to differentiated instruction.
Blanchette, Patricia. "Les pratiques évaluatives d’enseignants lors de l’évaluation en cours d’apprentissage d’étudiants en contexte d’enseignement clinique de soins infirmiers : une étude descriptive qualitative." Thèse, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4158/1/Blanchette_uqac_0862N_10316.pdf.
Full textMaynard, Catherine. "Effets d’un dispositif plurilingue d’enseignement de l’orthographe grammaticale française sur les apprentissages d’élèves du secondaire en milieu pluriethnique et plurilingue." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24279.
Full textDes vagues d’immigration successives ont fait du Québec le lieu d’une importante diversité linguistique et culturelle. Ainsi, de nombreux élèves bi/plurilingues sont maintenant scolarisés dans les classes ordinaires des écoles francophones québécoises, notamment au secondaire. Pour ces élèves, l’apprentissage de l’écriture est bien souvent un défi de taille. L’apprentissage de l’orthographe grammaticale (OG) du français, plus spécifiquement, constitue un obstacle important au développement de leur compétence à écrire. Cet obstacle se présente d’ailleurs pour l’ensemble des élèves scolarisés dans cette langue. Les accords verbaux et adjectivaux de même que le choix des terminaisons verbales en /E/ sont entre autres la source de difficultés marquées (Brissaud, Chevrot et Lefrançois, 2006 ; Manesse et Cogis, 2007). La présente recherche doctorale vise donc à contribuer à l’identification de dispositifs favorisant l’apprentissage de l’OG française d’élèves bi/plurilingues scolarisés en classe ordinaire au secondaire en milieu pluriethnique et plurilingue. Conçues en réponse aux difficultés des élèves en contexte de langue première, certaines interventions tendent à avoir des effets positifs sur leur apprentissage de l’OG, telles que les dictées métacognitives (Nadeau et Fisher, 2014) et une approche intégrée d’enseignement de l’orthographe (Allal et al., 2001). Dans notre thèse, nous avons conçu un dispositif qui s’inspire de ces interventions et, afin de prendre en compte les spécificités des milieux scolaires pluriethniques et plurilingues, nous avons intégré des approches plurilingues à ce dispositif. Ces approches sont susceptibles d’engager les élèves bi/plurilingues dans leurs apprentissages et de favoriser le développement de capacités métalinguistiques, en plus de soutenir d’éventuels transferts entre les langues (Cummins, 2009 ; de Pietro, 2003 ; Moore, 2006). C’est ainsi que nous avons conçu un « dispositif plurilingue » d’enseignement de l’OG française. Ce dispositif allie la production de textes identitaires plurilingues (Cummins et Early, 2011) et la mise en œuvre de dictées métacognitives soutenues par des approches plurilingues, qui prennent la forme d’activités d’éveil aux langues (Armand, 2014 ; Auger, 2014) et de pratiques translinguistiques (Candelier et de Pietro, 2008 ; García et Kano, 2014). Nous avons testé l’hypothèse selon laquelle ce dispositif plurilingue favoriserait le développement de la compétence des élèves en OG en français. À cette fin, nous l’avons mis à l’essai auprès d’élèves bi/plurilingues de première secondaire (groupe expérimental 1 ; n = 79), puis nous avons comparé ses effets avec ceux d’un « dispositif monolingue » d’enseignement de l’OG (groupe expérimental 2 ; n = 70), qui allie approche intégrée et dictées métacognitives, en français seulement, et avec ceux de pratiques habituelles d’enseignement de l’OG (groupe contrôle ; n = 46). Nous avons évalué la compétence en OG de l’ensemble des élèves au moyen d’une dictée et d’une production écrite guidée. Des entretiens métagraphiques réalisés auprès d’un nombre ciblé de participants des trois groupes (au total, n = 24) ont également permis une compréhension plus fine de l’évolution de leurs procédures graphiques. La passation de ces outils s’est effectuée à trois reprises: avant l’intervention (prétest), immédiatement après l’intervention (posttest immédiat) et cinq semaines après l’intervention (posttest différé). Au terme de notre recherche, nous constatons que le dispositif plurilingue apporte une contribution significativement plus grande au développement de la compétence en OG en français que des pratiques habituelles d’enseignement de l’OG. De plus, ce dispositif contribue tout autant, voire plus, à ce développement que le dispositif monolingue, alors que les effets propres au dispositif plurilingue se présentent notamment sous la forme d’un ancrage des apprentissages des élèves dans la durée. En effet, au posttest différé, seules les performances globales à la dictée des élèves du groupe expérimental1 sont significativement supérieures à celles des élèves au groupe contrôle. Quant aux performances globales à la production écrite guidée, celles des élèves des groupes expérimentaux 1 et 2 sont significativement supérieures à celles des élèves du groupe contrôle. Enfin, au moyen des données tirées des entretiens métagraphiques, nous constatons l’existence d’un lien entre les plus grands progrès dans les performances globales des élèves des groupes expérimentaux 1 et 2 et l’augmentation du recours à des procédures morphosyntaxiques et à des procédures de remplacement, une tendance qui ne se dégage pas des résultats obtenus dans le groupe contrôle.
Successive waves of immigrants have turned the province of Quebec into a place of great linguistic and cultural diversity. Thus, many bi/plurilingual students are now attending regular classes in Quebec’s French-language schools, particularly in high school. For these students, learning to write is often a challenge. The grammatical morphology (GM) of French, more specifically, constitutes an important obstacle to the development of their writing skills, an obstacle shared by all students of French regardless of their mother- tongue. Verbal and adjective agreements as well as the choice of verbal endings in /E/ are some of the greatest difficulties (Chevrot, Brissaud & Lefrançois, 2006; Manesse & Cogis, 2007). The present doctoral research aims to contribute to the identification of approaches promoting the learning of the French GM of bi/plurilingual students attending regular high school classes in a multi-ethnic and multilingual environment. In order to address students’ difficulties in a first language learning context, certain teaching practices, such as an integrated approach to teaching spelling and metacognitive dictations, tend to have positive effects on students’ GM development (Allal et al., 2001; Nadeau & Fisher, 2014). In our thesis, we designed an approach inspired by these practices. Furthermore, in order to take into account the specificities of multi-ethnic and multilingual school environments, we integrated plurilingual pedagogical practices to this approach. Those practices are likely to engage bi/plurilingual students in their learning and to promote the development of metalinguistic abilities, in addition to supporting possible transfers between languages (de Pietro, 2003; Moore 2006; Cummins 2009). Thus, we tailored a “plurilingual approach” for teaching French GM. This approach combines the writing of plurilingual identity texts (Cummins & Early, 2011) and metacognitive dictations supported by plurilingual pedagogical practices. Those practices consisted of language awareness activities (Armand, 2014; Auger, 2014) and translinguistic practices (Candelier & de Pietro, 2008; Garcia & Kano, 2014). We verified the hypothesis according to which our plurilingual approach would promote the development of student’s GM in French. To this end, we tested this plurilingual approach with bi/plurilingual first-year secondary students (experimental group 1, n = 79). We then compared its effects with those of a “monolingual approach” for teaching French GM (experimental group 2, n = 70), which combines an integrated approach of teaching spelling and metacognitive dictations, in French only, and with those of usual GM teaching practices (control group, n = 46). We assessed the GM skills of all students through a dictation and a guided written production. Metagraphic interviews with a targeted number of participants from all three groups (in total, n = 24) also provided a deeper understanding of the evolution of their graphical procedures. These data collection tools were used three times: before the experimentation (pre-test), immediately after the experimentation (immediate post-test) and five weeks after the experimentation (delayed post-test). At the end of our research, we found that the plurilingual approach makes a significantly greater contribution to the development of GM in French than usual teaching practices. Moreover, this approach contributes as much, if not more, to this development as the monolingual approach, while the effects specific to the plurilingual approach involve the rooting of the skills learned by students over time. Indeed, at the delayed posttest, only the dictation overall performances of students in experimental group 1 are significantly higher than those of students in the control group. As for written production overall performances, both those in experimental groups 1 and 2 are significantly higher than those in the control group. Finally, using data from the metagraphic interviews, we find a link between the greatest progress in the overall performances of students in experimental groups 1 and 2 and the increase in the use of morphosyntactic procedures and substitution procedures, a trend that does not emerge from the results obtained in the control group.
Cuerrier, Marjorie. "Description et analyse de pratiques d’enseignants experts qui utilisent la littérature jeunesse au 1er cycle du primaire pour l’enseignement-apprentissage du vocabulaire." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23569.
Full textAt the turn of the last century, an ambition to renew the Quebec education system lead the Ministry of Education to significantly review and update its education programs (2006; 2009). One of the major changes to these programs, based on research on the subject, pertains to an increased focus on vocabulary acquisition and growth (Graves, 1986; Mel’čuk & Polguère, 2007; Tremblay, 2004). However, these changes have not necessarily been effectively implemented to daily classroom activities where lexicons are rarely formally taught (Anctil, Singcaster & Tardif, 2018), despite the fact that teachers routinely describe student vocabulary as inadequate with, among others, imprecise and redundant word use and comprehension issues (Grossmann, 2011). In most cases, this trend can be explained by the fact that teachers must be properly equipped to address this situation (Beck, McKeown & Kucan, 2013). It is with this in mind that we have therefore decided to describe and analyse effective practices in this field. To complete this research project, two teachers, considered experts in the use pedagogical use of youth literature, an important tool for vocabulary acquisition (Léon, 2004 ; Montésinos-Gelet, Dupin de Saint-André & Noël, 2008), were recruited. Their practices were observed and analyzed throughout five in class observations of vocabulary lessons in which child books were used a primary learning tool. To analyze the teaching practices employed, an observation matrix was constructed based on the multi-agenda model (Bucheton & Soulé, 2009), which is constructed around five principles, and Jackson’s framework (1966 ; 1968). Our main interests were the teaching practices employed, the pedagogical tools used, and the learning objective addressed, in this case vocabulary emerging from literature and fundamental lexical relationships. Our results demonstrate that both teachers favour two different teaching strategies, that both use repeated reading, and that the words selected for learning varied.