Academic literature on the topic 'Pre-Clinical Medicine: Basic Sciences'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pre-Clinical Medicine: Basic Sciences"
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Hinzpeter, Jaime. "Basic Sciences. Basis of Clinical Medicine." International Physiology Journal 1, no. 3 (November 23, 2018): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2578-8590.ipj-18-2490.
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Renaldi, Teuku, Said Usman, Maimun Syukri, Sofia Sofia, and Dedy Syahrizal. "BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES AND PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING: PITFALLS AND POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TEACHERS AND STUDENTS." Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education 9, no. 3 (November 16, 2020): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpki.57165.
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Background: Basic medical sciences are essential foundation for the constructive learning of clinical sciences. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala is currently implementing Problem-based learning (PBL) for basic medical sciences. Studies have been conducted in many places with inconsistently different results that it is impossible to draw theoretical and practical conclusions regarding the implementation of PBL for basic medical sciences. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of PBL for basic medical sciences at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala from the perspectives of pre-clinical teachers, clinical teachers and medical students.Methods: This is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. Respondents were pre-clinical teachers, clinical teachers and medical students. Data collection were carried out by using focused-group discussion (FGD). Data analysis was carried out qualitatively by using thematic analysis.Results: This study identified three themes: (1) integrated thematic blocks are not adequate for the learning of basic medical sciences, (2) inadequacy of basic medical sciences practice activities, and (3) possible improvements through curriculum revision.Conclusion: The implementation of PBL in the form of integrated blocks for basic medical sciences is not adequately constructive to prepare students to learn clinical sciences. Hybrid curriculum which incorporates conventional methods for basic medical sciences and PBL for clinical sciences is recommended to improve students’ constructive learning. Further studies on hybrid curriculum is needed to evaluate its effect of basic medical sciences. Keywords: Basic medical sciences, Problem-based learning (PBL), practical session, hybrid curriculum, constructive learning, self-directed learning.
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Colvin, L. A., and D. G. Lambert. "Pain medicine: advances in basic sciences and clinical practice." British Journal of Anaesthesia 101, no. 1 (July 2008): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aen120.
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Antal, János, and Attila Timár. "Translational medicine." Orvosi Hetilap 152, no. 47 (November 2011): 1894–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2011.29236.
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Translational medicine is the emerging scientific discipline of the last decade which will set the benchmark for the pharmaceutical industry research and development, integrates inputs from the basic sciences of computer modeling and laboratory research through the pre-clinical and clinical phases of human research to the assimilation of new therapies and treatments into everyday practice of patient care and prevention. With this brief insight authors tried in their humble way to summarize the underlying basis, the present and the potential future of this emerging view, to draw attention to some of the challenges and tasks it faces and to highlight some of the promising approaches, trends and model developments and applications. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1894–1902.
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Billings-Gagliardi, S., S. L. Stone, and M. K. Wolf. "Linking basic, clinical, and social sciences." Academic Medicine 71, no. 5 (May 1996): 535–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199605000-00054.
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Althubaiti, Suha, and Norah Althubaiti. "Saudi Medical Students’ Interest in Basic Medical Sciences and the Factors Affecting It." Global Journal of Health Science 10, no. 3 (February 28, 2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n4p30.
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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate medical students’ interest in basic sciences and identify perceived obstacles for choosing a career in basic science.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted and carried out between March and May 2016 with 600 undergraduate medical students at the College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Students’ interest towards basic medical sciences was evaluated using a questionnaire.RESULTS: A total of 352 medical students (180 male and 172 female) responded. The leading reasons for not pursuing a career in basic sciences were that medical students aimed primarily to become clinicians (71.6%), would prefer to engage in clinical research (40.4%), were concerned about salaries in basic sciences (36.6%), and had not experienced exciting practical training in basic sciences (26.2%).CONCLUSION: Integrating basic sciences and clinical medicine and increasing research participation will result in more positive attitudes towards basic sciences. Furthermore, reducing the students’ concerns will encourage medical students to engage more with basic medical science.
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Edwalds-Gilbert, Gretchen. "Building bridges between basic science and clinical medicine: a liberal arts perspective." Medical Science Pulse 13, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1451.
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A critical issue for improving global health care is to better integrate basic science and clinical practice, as such integration will lead to innovative solutions. In this article, I will present models for how to prepare students to participate effectively on multidisciplinary teams that foster cooperation between scientists, medical centers, biotechnology businesses, and governmental bodies. I will provide examples of training programs in the United States (USA) designed to increase the number of and diversity of scientists and clinicians engaged in bridging basic science and clinical medicine, also called translational research. The training programs target different stages in career development, from pre-medical students through early career faculty, and have varied organisational structures. Many of the programs have existed long enough for institutions to be able to evaluate their effectiveness, and despite the different program contexts, there are key characteristics common to all of the programs that correlate with successful outcomes. Many of these characteristics can be adapted to other career stages and settings. I will summarize these and describe an example of an interdisciplinary, integrated science course for undergraduates that introduces students at the earliest stage of their careers to addressing complex problems through teamwork. Finally, I will provide suggestions for how other institutions can implement training programs that will build bridges between basic science and clinical medicine.
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Sarantopoulos, Constantine D. "Foundations of Anesthesia Basic and Clinical Sciences." Anesthesia & Analgesia 91, no. 5 (November 2000): 1314–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-200011000-00065.
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Tarver, Stephen, and James C. Eisenach. "Foundations of Anesthesia: Basic and Clinical Sciences." Anesthesiology 95, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200109000-00057.
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Sarantopoulos, Constantine D. "Foundations of Anesthesia Basic and Clinical Sciences." Anesthesia & Analgesia 91, no. 5 (November 2000): 1314–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000539-200011000-00065.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Pre-Clinical Medicine: Basic Sciences"
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Stidworthy, Jennifer Jane. "The implementation of a portfolio assessment system for a rural clinical school in South Africa : what can be learned from the implementation of portfolios as an assessment system in a rural clinical school." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80389.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A portfolio assessment system was designed to meet the needs of a Rural Clinical School education platform, hosting final year MB ChB students for the duration of their final year. A study entitled “What can be learned from the implementation of a portfolio assessment system, to be used in the assessment of clinical reasoning of final MB ChB students placed in a Rural Clinical School in South Africa? “ was conducted. The experience of educators and students during this process was explored. The findings are in keeping with the literature. Van Tartwijk & Driessen 2009, Eley et Al 2002, Lake & Ryan 2004, Burch & Seggie 2008 claim that portfolios drive deep student learning and develop clinical reasoning. Burch & Seggie (2008) offer an assessment tool which has proved feasible within the South African setting on which this portfolio assessment system was modelled. The assessment tool design faced a number of challenges within the RCS setting which were addressed during a review process. The portfolio assessment system is viewed as a work in progress requiring further development. Despite the constraints and challenges, both staff and students unanimously supported the development of patient case studies within the design as a valuable learning tool.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ‘n Portefeulje assesserings sisteem is ontwerp om die behoeftes van ‘n UKWANDA Landelike Kliniese Skool opvoedings program wat die gasheer van die MB ChB student tydens hul finale jaar is, na te kom. ‘n Studie genaamd “ Wat kan geleer word uit die implementering van ‘n portefeulje assesserings sisteem, wat gebruik gaan word om die kliniese redenering te bepaal van finale jaar MB ChB student wat geplaas is in ‘n Landelike Klinieke Skool in Suid Afrika? ” is uitgeoefen. Die ervaring van die dosent, so wel as die studente, is ondersoek. Die bevinding is in lyn met die literatuur. Van Tartwijk & Driessen 2009, Eley et Al 2002, Lake & Ryan 2004, Burch & Seggie 2008 beweer dat portfeuljes dryf student tot diep studie en ontwikkel kliniese redenasie. Burch & Seggie (2008) bied ‘n assesserings (hulp)middel aan wat toepaslik en uitvoerbaar is in die SA konteks , waarop die portfeulje assessering sisteem gebaseer is. Die ontwerp van die assesserings (hulp)middel het vele uitdagings binne die RCS opset in die oog gestaar. Dit is aangespreek tydens ‘n proses van hersiening. (Lather, 2006).Die portefeulje assesserings sisteem word gesien as ‘n werk onder hande en vereis verdere ontwikkeling. Ten spyte van die beperkinge en uitdagings het beide die staf en die student onomwonde die ontwikkeling van pasiente gevalle studies, binne die ontwerp, as ‘n waardevolle leermiddel gesien.
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Paguay, Ruiz R. Patricio. "Relation between Internal Parasites with Basic Services and the Nutritional Status of Children Five Years of Age in the Indigenous, Black and Mestizo Communities of the Rural Area, Imbabura Province." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2000. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5415.
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Various studies have been done to determine the prevalence of anemia in our country, but these studies don't reflect the true magnitude of this sickness, considered in Ecuador a problem of public health since these investigations correspond to urban sectors and margins and not to rural places where the care is very deficient and in certain cases useless, mainly because of the difficult access and the lack of economic resources of the government institutions. The current work was realized in coordination with the school of Nutrition and Dietetics and with the help of the Benson Agriculture and Food Institute was applied in rural communities of the Indigenous, "Mixed-Race" and African-American of Imbabura taking into account kids under the age of 5 as being a population group in constant risk of suffering specific deficiencies, such as Iron deficiency and its subsequent evolution towards Anemia. In this investigation we are going to find information about the prevalence of Anemia in the before mentioned groups of kids, their relationship with the deficiency of the consumption of Iron, influence of one of the most common sicknesses in these sectors as are Intestinal Parasitism. I am sure that the content will be of enormous interest to those that desire to know and better the critical situation of health and nutrition which unwinds this people, because of the provision of updated and truthful information will permit a better orientation of the different programs and projects that are implemented in these areas.
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Varma, Rajesh. "An investigation of basic science and clinical research methodologies to benefit clinical practice." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/306/.
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The aim of this PhD thesis was to produce research that could inform and benefit clinical practice by exploring the application of basic science and clinical research methodologies to disorders in obstetrics and gynaecology. Chapter 1’s investigation of endometriosis is the first to 1) report detailed genetic mapping of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer, 2) report the existence of micro-LOH (loss of heterozygosity) in ovarian endometriosis through a SNP 100K DNA array. Chapter 2 explores the efficacy of interventions to treat menstrual abnormalities using clinical cohort studies. Furthermore, Chapter 2 highlights how negligence in female sterilization failure may be mathematically (Bayesian) modelled. Chapter 3 explores the value of systematic reviews for preventing preterm delivery and use of LNG-IUS (Mirena coil). The clinical guidelines published in Chapter 4 include: vaginal birth after previous caesarean, ectopic pregnancy, safe laparoscopic entry and minimising risk of sterilisation failure. The thesis concludes (Chapter 5) by suggesting strategies to augment the research methodological approaches evaluated in this thesis in order fulfill the aim of benefitting clinical practice. Work included in this PhD thesis has been orally presented at international conferences, published in peer-reviewed journals, and published as a national clinical guideline by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, UK (RCOG).
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Bass, Christopher. "Positron Emission Tomography for Pre-Clinical Sub-Volume Dose Escalation." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3202.
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Purpose: This dissertation focuses on establishment of pre-clinical methods facilitating the use of PET imaging for selective sub-volume dose escalation. Specifically the problems addressed are 1.) The difficulties associated with comparing multiple PET images, 2.) The need for further validation of novel PET tracers before their implementation in dose escalation schema and 3.) The lack of concrete pre-clinical data supporting the use of PET images for guidance of selective sub-volume dose escalations. Methods and materials: In order to compare multiple PET images the confounding effects of mispositioning and anatomical change between imaging sessions needed to be alleviated. To mitigate the effects of these sources of error, deformable image registration was employed. A deformable registration algorithm was selected and the registration error was evaluated via the introduction of external fiducials to the tumor. Once a method for image registration was established, a procedure for validating the use of novel PET tracers with FDG was developed. Nude mice were used to perform in-vivo comparisons of the spatial distributions of two PET tracers, FDG and FLT. The spatial distributions were also compared across two separate tumor lines to determine the effects of tumor morphology on spatial distribution. Finally, the research establishes a method for acquiring pre-clinical data supporting the use of PET for image-guidance in selective dose escalation. Nude mice were imaged using only FDG PET/CT and the resulting images were used to plan PET-guided dose escalations to a 5 mm sub-volume within the tumor that contained the highest PET tracer uptake. These plans were then delivered using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP) and the efficacy of the PET-guided plans was observed. Results and Conclusions: The analysis of deformable registration algorithms revealed that the BRAINSFit B-spline deformable registration algorithm available in SLICER3D was capable of registering small animal PET/CT data sets in less than 5 minutes with an average registration error of .3 mm. The methods used in chapter 3 allowed for the comparison of the spatial distributions of multiple PET tracers imaged at different times. A comparison of FDG and FLT showed that both are positively correlated but that tumor morphology does significantly affect the correlation between the two tracers. An overlap analysis of the high intensity PET regions of FDG and FLT showed that FLT offers additional spatial information to that seen with FDG. In chapter 4 the SARRP allowed for the delivery of planned PET-guided selective dose escalations to a pre-clinical tumor model. This will facilitate future research validating the use of PET for clinical selective dose escalation.
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Ferretti, Maria Teresa. "Neuroinflammation in early, pre-clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease: evidence from a new transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease-like amyloid pathology." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106441.
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Despite much advancement in our understanding of its pathobiology, there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD), a devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 35 million people world-wide. At diagnosis, the brains of AD patients are already severely damaged and display massive accumulation of intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid plaques. Amyloid plaques are composed of aggregated, insoluble amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), which is known to be highly neurotoxic. At this stage, AD drugs can only delay, but not arrest, the progression of the disease, likely because the neuronal damage is already beyond rescue.It is currently accepted that, for any pharmacological agent to achieve efficacy, the treatment should be initiated prior to extensive central nervous system (CNS) damage, possibly in pre-clinical stages. A better understanding of the earliest events occurring in the pre-clinical phase of the disease is therefore a priority. Unfortunately, the study of pre-clinical stages in AD is complicated by the lack of biomarkers signalling the conversion from non cognitive impairment to AD. On the other hand, transgenic (Tg) models of the AD-like amyloid pathology represent a very suitable model to investigate the progression of the disease.In these studies, we took advantage of our newly generated Tg model of AD-like amyloid pathology, coded McGill-Thy1-APP mice to identify early pathological events preceding plaque deposition. We first examined the cognitive status of the animals and demonstrated that cognitive impairments occur prior to plaque deposition. Such deficits were associated with a paradoxical up-regulation of cholinergic pre-synaptic boutons. Prior to plaque deposition we also described the occurrence of intraneuronal Abeta-immunoreactive material. Furthermore, using oligomeric specific antibodies, we found that the intraneuronal Abeta material was in large part composed of Abeta-oligomers. To further elucidate the mechanisms involved in the early neuronal dysfunction, we characterized the occurrence of inflammation in young, pre-plaque mice. We started by confirming the occurrence of the well known, plaque-associated microglial activation in old, 13-14 months old Tg mice. In young, pre-plaque mice we observed a moderate, but significant up-regulation of inflammatory enzymes (iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase) and membrane bound receptors (CD40 and MHC-II); the neuronal marker COX-2 was also found to be up-regulated. Furthermore, we observed that microglial cells at this age display an activated morphology and are specifically associated with Abeta-oligomers burdened neurons. Finally, the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline was administered to 2-month old mice for one month, till the age of 3 months, thus in the absence of any amyloid plaque deposition. This protocol allowed us to investigate the role of inflammation in the early, pre-plaque stage of the disease. We found that, besides correcting neuroinflammation, minocycline significantly reduced the levels of amyloid precursor protein and APP-immunoreactive fragments, including C-terminus fragments (CTF). Furthermore, we observed that minocycline reduced the levels and activity of BACE, which were up-regulated in Tg animals compared to Non Tg.Taken together, our results showed that intracellular accumulation of Abeta-oligomers per se, prior to plaque deposition, is sufficient to trigger a number of CNS alterations. Amongst these, microglial activation appears to be, at least in its earliest manifestation, a key player in APP processing. We suggest that neuroinflammation in pre-clinical stages of AD might represent a suitable target for the discovery of novel preventive agents and/or early diagnostic markers.Il n'existe aucun remède pour la maladie de Alzheimer (MA), une condition neurodégénérative dévastatrice, qui attaque plus de 35 millions de personnes dans le monde entier. Lorsque cette maladie est diagnostiquée, le cerveau des patients est déjà gravement endommagé et montre l'accumulation d'enchevêtrements neurofibrillaires intracellulaires et des plaques amyloïdes extracellulaires. Les plaques amyloïdes sont composées d'agrégats insolubles de la protéine beta amyloïde (Abeta) qui est neurotoxique. Il est actuellement admis que, pour obtenir un résultat thérapeutique, il faudrait commencer le traitement pharmacologique dans les premiers stades de la maladie, lors de la période pré-clinique, avant que les dommages neuronaux deviennent irrécupérables. Une meilleure compréhension des événements survenant dans ces premiers stades de la maladie est donc une priorité. Malheureusement, l'étude de ces stades pré-cliniques est compliquée par l'absence de biomarqueurs indiquant la conversion du stade sans troubles cognitifs à MA. Ainsi, les modèles transgéniques (Tg) de la pathologie amyloïde similaires à MA représentent des modèles très appropriés pour étudier l'évolution de la maladie.Afin d'étudier les premiers événements pathologiques survenant avant l'accumulation des plaques, nous avons profité d'un modèle Tg nouvellement généré dans notre laboratoire et nommé McGill-Thy1-APP. Nous avons d'abord examiné l'état cognitif des souris Tg et nous avons démontré que les troubles cognitifs précèdent l'accumulation des plaques. Nous avons aussi démontré qu'une augmentation paradoxale de boutons cholinergiques accompagnait les troubles cognitifs chez ces animaux. Avant l'apparition des plaques, nous avons décrit la survenance de matériel intraneuronal immunoréactif pour l'Abeta. Par ailleurs, en utilisant des anticorps spécifiques pour les formes oligomériques, nous avons constaté que le matériel intraneuronal est en grande partie composé d'oligomères de l'Abeta.Pour élucider si les mécanismes impliqués dans la dysfonction neuronale précèdent l'accumulation de plaques, nous avons caractérisé l'apparition de l'inflammation chez les jeunes souris Tg, avant qu'elles montrent des plaques. Nous avons d'abord confirmé l'apparition de l'activation microgliale associée avec les plaques amyloïdes chez les vieilles souris Tg de 13-14 mois. Chez les jeunes souris pré-plaques, nous avons observé une augmentation modérée mais significative des enzymes (iNOS et COX-2) et des récepteurs de membranaires (CD40 et CMH-II) inflammatoires. Par ailleurs, nous avons observé que les cellules microglies à cet âge affichent une morphologie activée et sont spécifiquement associées à des neurones contenant des oligomères de l'Abeta.Enfin, la minocycline (un médicament anti-inflammatoire) a été administrée à des souris âgées de deux mois pour un mois (jusqu'à l'âge de 3 mois) donc en l'absence de tout dépôt de plaques amyloïde. Ce protocole nous a permis d'étudier le rôle de l'inflammation dans les premiers stades de la maladie, avant le dépôt de plaques. Nous avons constaté que, outre la correction de la neuroinflammation, la minocycline réduit considérablement les niveaux de la protéine précurseur de l'amyloïde (APP) et les fragments connexes avec l'APP, y compris les fragments du carboxy terminaux. Par ailleurs, nous avons observé que la minocycline réduit les niveaux et l'activité de BACE.Ensemble, nos résultats montrent que l'accumulation intracellulaire des oligomères de l'Abeta en soi, avant le dépôt de plaques, est suffisante pour déclencher des modifications du SNC. Parmi ces derniers, l'activation microgliale semble avoir, du moins dans sa première manifestation, un rôle fondamental dans le métabolism de l'APP. Nous suggérons que la neuroinflammation dans les stades pré-cliniques de la MA pourrait représenter une cible appropriée pour la découverte de nouveaux agents préventifs et/ou de marqueurs diagnostiques.
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Eleftheriadou, Olga. "Regulation of the PP2AC, PP4C, PP6C and alpha4 signalling axis in the myocardium : roles in calcium homeostasis and hypertrophy." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/39280/.
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Cardiac physiology and hypertrophy are regulated by the phosphorylation status of most proteins, which is controlled by the opposing reactions of protein kinases and phosphatases (PP). The type 2A protein phosphatase family is comprised of PP2A, PP4 and PP6, due to the high amino acid homology of their catalytic subunits (PP2ACα/β, PP4C and PP6C). The activity and expression of this family are partly regulated by alpha4, a common regulatory protein that is essential in type 2A phosphatase holoenzyme biogenesis. In the heart, more than 98% of protein dephosphorylation is mediated by serine/ threonine protein phosphatases, of which type 2A protein phosphatases along with protein phosphatase 1, contr ibute approximately 90%. Currently, the role(s) of type 2A protein phosphatases and their regulation by alpha4 in the heart is poorly defined and requires detailed investigation. In this study, quantitative PCR analysi s demonstrated that PP2ACβ mRNA was most abundant in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) whilst, in adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVM), PP2ACα mRNA was the most abundantly transcribed. Surprisingly, immunoblotting analysis, using catalytic subunit-specific antibodies, identified the expression of all type 2A protein phosphatase catalytic subunits in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and NRVM, however, ARVM only expressed PP2AC and PP6C protein. PP4C protein expression was only detectable in ARVM following proteasomal inhibition with compound MG132. Using siRNA to selectively knockdown type 2A protein phosphatase catalytic subunits, it was revealed that PP2ACα alone dephosphorylates CaV1.2-Ser1928. The data also suggested that PP2ACα, PP2ACβ and PP4C dephosphorylate phospholemman at both Ser63 and Ser68 in cardiomyocytes. siRNA-mediated knockdown of alpha4 protein expression rapidly reduced the expression of all type 2A catalytic subunits. Interestingly, expression of both PP2AC and alpha4 protein expression was elevated in pressure overload-induced left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. Even though PP6C expression was unchanged, expression of PP6C regulatory subunits (i) SIT4-associated protein 1 (SAP1) and (ii) ankyrin repeat domain (ANKRD) 28 and 44 proteins were upregulated, whereas SAP2 expression was downregulated in hypertrophied LV tissue. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that the cellular association between alpha4 protein and PP2AC or PP6C subunits was either unchanged or reduced in hypertrophied LV tissue, respectively. Exposure of cardiomyocytes to hydrogen peroxide increased levels of H2AX phosphorylation (γH2AX), indicating hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage, which was unaffected by the knockdown of PP6C, however, levels of both total H2AX and γH2AX were diminished by the knockdown of alpha4 protein. The novel findings in this study collectively, demonstrate the differences in th e expression, stability, substrate specificity and altered alpha4-mediated regulation of the type 2A protein phosphatases in normal and hypertrophied myocardium and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in cardiac calcium homeostasis and DNA repair and thereby help to identify potential targets for the development of new and improved therapies against cardiac pathological hypertrophy.
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Duffin, Christopher John. "The historical roles of mineral materials in folk medicine and the development of the materia medica." Thesis, Kingston University, 2018. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41903/.
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Mineral materials include rocks, minerals, fossils, earths, mineraloids, biogenic skeletal remains and synthetic stones. Each of these classes of material has enjoyed much popularity as supposedly therapeutic medicinal ingredients in the history of pharmacy; many have an unbroken record of use since ancient and classical times. The historical materia medica incorporates minerals that have been made use of in both medical folklore and academic analysis. This thesis presents a body of work which develops examples from each class of mineral material, tries to establish their identities, and explores the evolution of their therapeutic use against the backdrop of changing philosophies in the history of medicine. The most rudimentary use of mineral materials was in a magico-medicinal way as amulets wom for protection against harmful influences which might be expressed in the body as loss of health, and as prophylactics against specific diseases and poisons. Amulets were often worn as pendants, necklaces and rings, or appended to the clothing in some way. The humoral system of Greek medicine saw the health of the body as being a state of balance between the four humours. Humoral imbalance was corrected by, amongst other interventions, the application of medicinal simples or 'Galenicals', which were largely unmodified (other than by trituration) herbal, zoological and mineralogical materials. The choice of simple was determined by the Aristotelian qualities ascribed to them, and their perceived efficacy according to the Doctrine of Signatures. This approach to prescribing practice held sway from classical times until the work of Paracelsus at the beginning of the Scientific Revolution which commended the use of only the active ingredients of a particular simple, separated from the remainder by alchemical means. These iatrochemical preparations permitted dosage standardisation and encouraged a more empirical approach to prescribing practice. The mineral materials most closely examined in this thesis in the context of the evolving materia medica are pumice, gemstones, holed flints, amber, unicom horn, Jews' stones (fossil echinoid spines), Porcupine bezoars, otoliths and synthetic stones. The analyses presented here rely on the study of manuscript, archival, printed and material sources.
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Wood, Tamara Michelle. "Nutritional Assessment of Rural Mossi People in Burkina Faso: A Comparison of Pre- and Post-Harvest Status." UNF Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/287.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional status of a rural population of Mossi people in Burkina Faso during the pre- and post-harvest seasons. Comparisons were made between the sample population and the American population, between the pre- and post-harvest seasons, between males and females in the sample population and between the various age groups in the sample population.
This nutritional assessment consisted of collecting demographical information, anthropometrical measurements such as weight and height, a clinical assessment to evaluate physiological signs of nutritional deficiencies and a food frequency questionnaire to describe the dietary practices of the population. Due to the potential risks of handling human blood, urine and feces, biochemical analyses were not performed in this study. Special attention was given to the nutritional problems most common in Africa: protein energy malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency, iron deficiency and goiter.
Adults in this study had an average body mass index of 19.1, classifying the adult population as "underweight". The population of American adults, however, has a tendency toward a body mass index in the slightly overweight category. The BMI range of adults in the study population was 12.9 to 27.8. A total of 36.9% of the adult population presented with some level of protein energy malnutrition while only 2.7% were slightly obese.
Seventy percent of children were below the 50th percentile on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control weight-for-height growth chart. A third of all children were below the 3rd percentile of weight-for-height. The vast majority of children in this study had a weight-for-height below the median, or "average", American child. The mean percent of median body weight-for-height for the child population in the lean season was 85.2% indicating that the median child in this sample population was mildly wasted. The mean percent of median weight-for-height rose to 94.6% in the post-harvest season indicating that the median child of the sample population was "normal" concerning wasting status.
The results of this study indicate that this rural population of Mossi people was less well-nourished than their American counterpart and that their nutritional status differed based on season (F=[4,177] 4.77, p=.03 for adults and F=[4,51] 8.56, p=.005 for children) but not gender (F=[ 4,177] .04, p=.83 for adults and chi square= 4.37, p=.22, df=3 for children) or age group for adults (r=.l 0, p=.29). In children, nutritional status was based on age group (but contrary to the expected outcome) with prepubescent children having lower weight-for-height percentiles than the under-five population (chi square = 40.34, p=.02, df=24). Nutritional status improved as predicted during the postharvest, or plentiful, season. Due to the lack of biochemical analyses, the potential vitamin and mineral deficiencies indicated in the brief physical examination were not confirmed. Vitamin A deficiency was the most likely nutrient deficiency; symptoms occurred in 51% of the population, primarily in adults and older children. PEM, although indicated by the anthropometric measures to affect 37.1% of the adult population and 55.4% of the child population, did not greatly manifest itself in clinical symptoms. The incidence of iron deficiency anemia was also relatively low with only 7% of the population presenting with pale conjunctivae, a potential, but non-specific sign of iron deficiency anemia. The goiter rate was also very low with only two cases occurring during the post-harvest season.
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Santana, Sondra Michelle Phipps. "Practitioners' Use of Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Evidence-Based Approach." UNF Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/462.
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Pre-diabetes is a serious health problem in the United States. Distinguished by plasma glucose levels that are above the normal threshold, patients with pre-diabetes are 10 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Patients with pre-diabetes suffer the same complications as patients with diabetes including diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and microalbuminuria.
There is considerable evidence to support the idea that early identification and aggressive treatment of pre-diabetes has the potential to delay disease progression. The American Diabetes Association’s clinical practice guideline recommends management of with lifestyle modification and metformin for patients who are at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the implementation of the 2012 ADA clinical practice guidelines regarding the management of patients with pre-diabetes by the health care providers at a volunteer-run clinic located in a large metropolitan area in the southeastern United States.
This study, even with a small sample size (n=26) revealed that the providers at the clinic had not implemented the 2012 ADA clinical practice guidelines. Clinical practice guidelines promote health care interventions that have proven benefits and improve the consistency of care provided to patients. The greatest benefits of implementing clinical practice guidelines for patients with pre-diabetes are early diagnosis and aggressive disease management. This would improve patient outcomes and in the long run, decrease the cost of medical care.
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Belo, Ana Catarina Freitas. "Clinical and forensic aspects of ibogaine." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/128920.
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A ibogaína é um alcaloide indólico derivado da planta africana Tabernanthe iboga e usado no tratamento do abuso de substâncias psicoativas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa extensiva acerca do contexto histórico e dos aspetos clínicos e forenses. Atualmente, o consumo de ibogaína é ilegal em múltiplos países devido às suas propriedades alucinogénicas e efeitos cardiotóxicos, tendo sido demonstrada a sua atividade em diversos mecanismos no sistema nervoso central e no coração. A maioria dos mecanismos parece explicar a eficácia na diminuição de comportamentos aditivos e de sintomas de abstinência de opioides. No entanto, está descrita a associação da ibogaína a mais de 30 mortes desde 1990 e a provável relação com os efeitos em recetores cardíacos. Alguns fatores possivelmente responsáveis pelos efeitos tardios da ibogaína incluem a semivida prolongada do seu metabolito, a noribogaína; a acumulação da ibogaína no tecido adiposo; e a existência de metabolizadores lentos. Desta forma, é necessário aprofundar o estudo dos potenciais benefícios médicos da ibogaína assim como dos seus efeitos adversos.Ibogaine is a natural indole alkaloid derived from the African shrub Tabernanthe iboga used in the treatment of psychoactive substance abuse. There has been made an extensive search regarding ibogaine's historical context, clinical and forensic features. Ibogaine's consumption was made illegal in several countries due to its hallucinogenic and cardiotoxic effects. It has shown to act on a variety of sites in the central nervous system and in the heart. Most of these mechanisms seem to explain ibogaine's efficacy in decreasing drug-seeking behavior and opioid withdrawal symptoms. However, it has been related to more than 30 deaths since 1990 which seem to be caused by the effects in cardiac receptors. Many factors appear to explain ibogaine late effects including the long half-life of its active metabolite, noribogaine; accumulation of ibogaine in adipose tissue; and the existence of poor metabolizers. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the potential medical uses of ibogaine as well as its adverse effects.
Books on the topic "Pre-Clinical Medicine: Basic Sciences"
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M, Ayling Ruth, and Wicks Claire, eds. Biochemisty for clinical medicine. London: Greenwich Medical Media, 2001.
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W, Garrison Mark, and Koda-Kimble Mary Anne, eds. Basic clinical pharmacokinetics handbook. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics, Inc., 1994.
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1959-, Mareels Iven, and Cook Mark 1960-, eds. Epileptic seizures and the EEG: Measurement, models, detection, and prediction. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2010.
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1940-, Waterman Robert E., ed. Clinical problem-based learning: A workbook for integrating basic and clinical science. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1988.
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1956-, Hinchcliff Kenneth W., Kaneps Andris J, and Geor Raymond J, eds. Equine sports medicine and surgery: Basic and clinical sciences of the equine athlete. Edinburgh: Saunders, 2004.
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Günnewicht, Bridget. Fundamental aspects of tissue viability nursing. Dinton, Salisbury, Wiltshire: Quay, 2004.
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Azer, Samy A. Core clinical cases in basic biomedical science: A problem-solving approach. London: Hodder Arnold, 2006.
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Najarian, Kayvan. Biomedical Signal and Image Processing. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pre-Clinical Medicine: Basic Sciences"
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Kaushal, Rashmi, Rikin Trivedi, and Sanjay Sharma. "Applied Basic Sciences." In Rapid Review of Clinical Medicine for MRCP Part 1, 7–16. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429158797-1.
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Ballinger, James R. "Radiopharmaceuticals in Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy." In Basic Sciences of Nuclear Medicine, 103–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65245-6_5.
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Jannini, Emmanuele A. "Introduction: History of Sexual Medicine." In Practical Clinical Andrology, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11701-5_1.
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AbstractSexual medicine is a young science that arises from the renewed scientific activity of apparently distant fields such as psychiatry, endocrinology, and urology, merging andrological and gynecological skills. The medicine of sexuality is firmly rooted in the roots of the human sciences, such as psychology (psychosexology) and sociology. The latter, however, had perhaps lost in the past the objective of producing data and not just opinions. in this sense, the medicine of sexuality is positioned as a modern evolution capable of using any methodological tool (from basic sciences to clinical ones, epidemiological ones, and human and humanistic ones), as well the most modern diagnostic and therapeutic instruments and solutions.In conclusion, these last 25–30 years have seen the blossoming of sexual medicine, a splendid new chapter of internal medicine, becoming an essential and indispensable part of this.
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Zieglg�nsberger, W., and M. F. Kuntze. "Learning, Interneurons and Addiction Medicine." In Basic and Clinical Science of Opioid Addiction, 64–67. Basel: KARGER, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000070330.
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Duckett, John W. "The Clinical Relevance of Basic Science: A Surgeon’s Perspective." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1–2. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1585-6_1.
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Arav, Amir, and Yehudit Natan. "Vitrification of Oocytes: From Basic Science to Clinical Application." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 69–83. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8214-7_6.
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Oakes, Barry W. "Basic Science and Clinical Strategies for Articular Cartilage Regeneration/Repair." In Strategies in Regenerative Medicine, 1–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74660-9_13.
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Riley, P. A. "Derangements of Cellular Metabolism in The Pre-Malignant Syndrome." In Free Radicals: from Basic Science to Medicine, 199–205. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9116-5_17.
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Ribitsch, I., J. Burk, U. Delling, C. Geißler, C. Gittel, H. Jülke, and W. Brehm. "Basic Science and Clinical Application of Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine." In Bioreactor Systems for Tissue Engineering II, 219–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10_2010_66.
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Wolbarst, Anthony B., Patrizio Capasso, and Andrew R. Wyant. "Imaging Science in Medicine, II: Basics of X-Ray Imaging." In Methods and Applications of Statistics in Clinical Trials, 213–63. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118596333.ch14.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Pre-Clinical Medicine: Basic Sciences"
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"Conference Proceedings of the 2020-2021 John B. Graham Student Research Symposium." In 2020-2021 John B. Graham Student Research Symposium. CJIM Publishing Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47265/cjim.v1i2.1318.
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Established in 1987, the John B. Graham Medical Student Research Society recognizes and promotes the research efforts of the medical student body at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine in basic science, public health, and clinical sciences. Throughout the year, members exchange ideas and share their experiences about conducting research. In addition, the Society serves to encourage collaboration with faculty to promote productive research opportunities for students. The following conference proceedings represent abstracts accepted for presentation at the 2020-2021 Student Research Day.
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Salinas Velastegui, Verónica Gabriela, and Lizette Leiva Suero. "Strategies for Curricular Improvement in the pre-professional practices of the Medicine Career from the integration with the Basic Biomedical Sciences." In 1er Congreso Universal de las Ciencias y la Investigación Medwave 2022;. Medwave Estudios Limitada, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2022.s2.uta037.
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Rubinsky, Boris. "Basic Principles of Translational Research." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80049.
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Translational research turns fundamental new science and innovations into a product that has value to the public. The process is difficult because it combines a variety of diverse disciplines and skills from basic science, clinical medicine, engineering, business, public health, laws and regulations. These areas are so wide apart that it is very difficult to combine. The author has engaged in translational research since the early 1980’s and will describe the processes, pitfalls and rewards through typical examples from his projects that include: development of imaging monitored cryosurgery from concept to treatment of hundreds of thousands of patients, transgenes in food engineering from basic science to a twenty year wait for FDA approval, microelectroporation from basic concept to incorporation of the technology by numerous companies and non-thermal irreversible electroporation from basic concept to current clinical use in over 50 hospitals and over thousand treated patients.
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Апарцин, Константин, and Konstantin Apartsin. "The results of fundamental and translational research carried out In the Department of Biomedical Research and Technology of the SBRAS INC in 2012-2016." In Topical issues of translational medicine: a collection of articles dedicated to the 5th anniversary of the day The creation of a department for biomedical research and technology of the Irkutsk Scientific Center Siberian Branch of RAS. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/conferencearticle_58be81eca22ad.
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The results of basic and translational research of the Department of Biomedical Research and Technology of Irkutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2012–2016 The paper presents the results of interdisciplinary research carried out in 2012–2016. The review includes the study of molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of reparative regeneration, experimental substantiation of methods of diagnosis and prognosis of systemic disturbances of regeneration process, carrying out clinical trials of medicinal products and the formation of observational studies in the field of personalized medicine, the preparation of practical recommendations on the testing of previously developed surgical methods of prevention or correction of postoperative recovery disorders. New data are obtained on the role of the MAP-kinase cascade in the process of regeneration of muscle tissue. It has been established, that with a significant increase of VEGF concentration at the site of the repair of ischemic myocardium, progenitor cells with the CD34+CD45+ phenotype appear, which opens up prospects for the development of biotechnology to restore the damaged myocardium with its own pool of progenitor cells. The new data on the role of growth factors in the post-infarction remodeling are found. It has been revealed, that in local increase of selenium concentration low intensity of mineralization of forming callus in the area of the damage is observed and the formation of bone regeneration slows down. Prospects for the use of nanocomposites of elemental selenium for modulation of reparative response are marked. The dynamics of the level of free circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of blood in the early stages of experimental dyslipidemia has been studied. Atherogenic blood factors do not have a significant effect on the release of the mtDNA from dyslipidemia target cells. On the model of acute small-focal myocardial ischemia, we revealed the increase in the mtDNA levels. Prospects of broadcast of diagnostic mtDNA monitoring technology in myocardial ischemia have been marked. The mtDNA monitoring was first tested as a molecular risk pattern in acute coronary syndrome. In survived patients, the concentration of freely circulating mtDNA in blood plasma was 164 times lower. The probability of death of the patient with a high level of mtDNA (over 4000 copies/mL) was 50 % (logit analysis). Methodological level of translational research in the ISC SB RAS has increased due to effective participation in international multi-center clinical trials of drugs, mainly direct anticoagulants: fondaparinux, edoksabana, betriksabana. “Feedback broadcast” of the results of clinical trials of p38-kinase inhibitor, was carried out in the process of changing the model (initially – neuropathic pain) for coronary atherosclerosis. Technologies of pharmacogenetic testing and personalized treatment of diseases in the employees of the Irkutsk Scientific Center were applied. Step T2. Previously developed at the Irkutsk State Medical University and the Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatologies approaches to surgical prevention and medicinal correction of postoperative hyposplenism were translated into practical health care. Thus, these results obtained in different areas of translational medicine will determine scientific topics of the department in future research cycle.
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Rochkind, Shimon, and Leonardo Longo. "Phototherapy in Peripheral Nerve Injury: From Basic Science to Clinical Study." In ADVANCES IN LASEROLOGY - SELECTED PAPERS OF LASER FLORENCE 2010: The 50th Birthday of Laser Medicine World. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3626906.
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Filyaev, M. A., and E. E. Akubova. "МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ШКОЛЫ «PSY2.0» ПРИ КУРАЦИИ ПАЦИЕТОВ С ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ." In ПЕРВЫЙ МЕЖКОНТИНЕНТАЛЬНЫЙ ЭКСТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС «ПЛАНЕТА ПСИХОТЕРАПИИ 2022: ДЕТИ. СЕМЬЯ. ОБЩЕСТВО. БУДУЩЕЕ». Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2022.78.75.001.
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Onco-psychosomatics is at the junction of sciences: psychophysiology, biology, medicine, psychology, psychosomatics and oncology. In recent years this field has developed intensively, and we are witnessing the transition from supportive counseling to a new integral paradigm of patient support. The PSY2.0 methodology extends the technology of psychological work with a cancer patient and sets new standards of working with them. The basic principles consist in a complex approach in the consideration of the whole human being, understanding of the biological laws of the functioning of the body, the relationship between mental processes and the biological meanings of organs and implies work with the psychogenic factor that led to the disease. Successful application of the PSY 2.0 methodology in various areas of counseling is achieved by combining psychological impact and changes in bodily response, including at the level of organic changes in a person. The report highlights the practical experience of cancer patients' treatment and successful use of the PSY 2.0 method, modern hypnotherapy methods, provocative therapy and regressive hypnosis in clinical practice. Онкопсихосоматика находится на стыке наук: психофизиологии, биологии, медицины, психологии, психосоматики и онкологии. За последние годы это направление интенсивно развивается, и мы наблюдаем переход из поддерживающей консультативной помощи в новую интегральную парадигму сопровождения пациента. Методика PSY2.0 расширяет технологию психологической работы с пациентом с «онко» диагнозом и задает новые стандарты работы с ними. Основные принципы заключаются в комплексном подходе в восприятии человека, понимание биологических законов функционирования организма, взаимосвязи между психическими процессами и биологическими смыслами органов и подразумевает работу с психогенным фактором, который привел к заболеванию. Успешное применение в различных сферах консультирования методики PSY 2.0 достигается совмещением психологического воздействия и перемен в телесном реагировании, в том числе на уровне органических изменений в человеке. Доклад освещает практический опыт курации онкологических больных и успешное использование метода PSY 2.0, методов современной гипнотерапии, провокативной терапии, регрессивного гипноза в клинической практике.
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Li, Ruiyu, Xueyu Ma, and Shuying Hou. "Preliminary Understanding of Clinical Major and Basic Medicine Major’s Education and Innovation of Their Combination." In 2015 International Conference on Education Technology, Management and Humanities Science (ETMHS 2015). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/etmhs-15.2015.122.
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Franco-Barraza, Janusz, Tiffany Luong, Jessica K. Wong, Debora B. Vendramini-Costa, Ralph Francescone, Jaye C. Gardiner, Kristopher S. Raghavan, Joshua E. Meyer, and Edna Cukierman. "Abstract PR-006: Pulsed low-dose-rate radiation (PLDR) limits pancreatic pro-tumor stroma aggravation: Pre-clinical basis for an ongoing PLDR trail." In Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference on Radiation Science and Medicine; March 2-3, 2021. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.radsci21-pr-006.
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Paramonova, E., A. Kudinov, S. Mikheev, V. Tsvetkov, and I. Tsvetkov. "FRACTAL THERMODYNAMICS, BIG DATA AND ITS 3D VISUALIZATION." In 9th International Conference "Distributed Computing and Grid Technologies in Science and Education". Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54546/mlit.2021.82.15.001.
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The article proposes to use fractal thermodynamics to analyze big data with fractal structure. The need for big data analysis arises in many areas of science and technology when creating databases in economics, medicine, geophysics, astronomy, particle physics and many others. This task is greatly simplified if big data has structural patterns. In this talk, we considered the case when big data forming a set A with a high degree of accuracy are multifractals. The analysis of the fractal structure of the set A was carried out on the basis of the fractal thermodynamics model. Its main methods and approaches are described. As a specific example of the set A, we consider the quantum phase spaces of the instantaneous heart rate Sq, built on the basis of big data on the RR-intervals of daily Holter monitoring of patients from the Tver Regional Clinical Hospital. It is shown that the sets Sq are fractals with a high degree of accuracy and, therefore, the method of fractal thermodynamics is quite applicable for studying their structure.
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Pineda Merlo, Begoña, Maria Pascual Mora, Ana Lloret Alcañiz, Elena Obrador Pla, and Marta Piqueras Franco. "Introducción de metodología docente multimedia en las prácticas de hematología: recuento de células sanguíneas mediante el uso de la cámara Neubauer." In IN-RED 2022: VIII Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/inred2022.2022.15920.
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Blood cell count is a technique widely used both in clinical and in research, and is essential in the area of health in order to identify the presence of hematological alterations. With the aim of incorporating teaching innovation and improvement methods in the Hematology practices of the Physiology subject, in the Medicine Degree and in different degrees of Health Sciences area, we opted for the use of multimedia material based on the projection of a video that include the following aspects: 1) Introduction of the basis of the blood cell count. 2) Structure and use of the Neubauer camera. 3) Manipulation and preparation of blood samples. 4) Management of the microscope. 5) Count and calculation of the concentration of erythrocytes and leukocytes in the sample. 6) Interpretation of values. The expected results with the introduction of this methodology are: 1) Strengthen the understanding of Physiology concepts related to practice. 2) Optimize class time improving the development of the session. 3) Maintain and improve the attention, motivation, reflection and actions of the students in the laboratory.
Reports on the topic "Pre-Clinical Medicine: Basic Sciences"
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Wang, Shuang, Aidong Liu, Zhilei Wang, and Yue Zhang. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0100.
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Review question / Objective: This study is the protocol for a systematic review to evaluate the Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of such combined therapy in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease, It provides a reliable scientific basis for clinicians to use this approach to treat angina pectoris of coronary heart disease. Information sources: We conducted a systematic search for relevant documents in the Chinese and English databases, and the search time is limited to November 23, 2021. The following eight databases are included : PubMed,EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), Wanfang Database.Relevant journals were searched to trace the references included in the study. Other resources will be searched if necessary.
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Tang, Jiqin, Gong Zhang, Jinxiao Xing, Ying Yu, and Tao Han. Network Meta-analysis of Heat-clearing and Detoxifying Oral Liquid of Chinese Medicines in Treatment of Children’s Hand-foot-mouth Disease：a protocol for systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0032.
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Review question / Objective: The type of study was clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT). The object of study is the patients with HFMD. There is no limit to gender and race. In the case of clear diagnosis standard, curative effect judgment standard and consistent baseline treatment, the experimental group was treated with pure oral liquid of traditional Chinese medicine(A: Fuganlin oral liquid, B: huangzhihua oral liquid, C: Lanqin oral liquid, D: antiviral oral liquid, E: Huangqin oral liquid, F: Pudilan oral liquid, G: Shuanghuanglian oral liquid.)and the control group was treated with ribavirin or any oral liquid of traditional Chinese medicine. The data were extracted by two researchers independently, cross checked and reviewed according to the pre-determined tables. The data extraction content is (1) Basic information (including the first author, published journal and year, research topic). (2) Relevant information (including number of cases, total number of cases, gender, age, intervention measures, course of treatment of the experimental group and the control group in the literature). (3) Design type and quality evaluation information of the included literature. (4) Outcome measures (effective rate, healing time of oral ulcer, regression time of hand and foot rash, regression time of fever, adverse reactions.). The seven traditional Chinese medicine oral liquids are comparable in clinical practice, but their actual clinical efficacy is lack of evidence-based basis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to use the network meta-analysis method to integrate the clinical relevant evidence of direct and indirect comparative relationship, to make quantitative comprehensive statistical analysis and sequencing of different oral liquid of traditional Chinese medicine with the same evidence body for the treatment of the disease, and then to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the efficacy and safety of different oral liquid of traditional Chinese medicine to get the best treatment plan, so as to provide reference value and evidence-based medicine evidence for clinical optimization of drug selection. Condition being studied: Hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in pediatrics caused by a variety of enteroviruses. Its clinical manifestations are mainly characterized by persistent fever, hand foot rash, oral herpes, ulcers, etc. Because it is often found in preschool children, its immune system development is not perfect, so it is very vulnerable to infection by pathogens and epidemic diseases, resulting in rapid progress of the disease. A few patients will also have neurogenic pulmonary edema Meningitis, myocarditis and other serious complications even lead to death, so effectively improve the cure rate, shorten the course of disease, prevent the deterioration of the disease as the focus of the study. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the research of antiviral treatment. Many clinical practices have confirmed that oral liquid of traditional Chinese medicine can effectively play the role of antiviral and improve the body's immunity.