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Journal articles on the topic 'Pre-financing'
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1
Gee, Cameron A. "Aircraft Pre-Delivery Payment Financing Transactions." Journal of Structured Finance 15, no. 3 (2009): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jsf.2009.15.3.011.
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Ţogoe, Dan. "Romanian Pre-university Education Financing. Ideal Vs. Reality." Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica 1, no. 12 (2010): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/oeconomica.2010.12.1.49.
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Wulandari, Permata, Salina Kassim, Liyu Adhi Kasari Sulung, and Niken Iwani Surya Putri. "Unique aspects of the Islamic microfinance financing process." Humanomics 32, no. 3 (2016): 230–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/h-09-2014-0062.
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Purpose This paper aims to highlight on the unique aspects of Islamic microfinance based on the experience of Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil (BMT) in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach It adopts the content analysis approach and focuses on three phases of financing, namely, pre-financing, financing and post-financing using coding and model buildings. Data are collected through in-depth interview with a sample of representatives of BMTs that offer product based on Islamic principle for the poor located in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tanggerang and Bekasi (JABODETABEK), Sulawesi Selatan, Yogyakarta and Nusa Tenggara Barat (sample chosen based on the most concentrated areas of Islamic microfinance that offered product based on Islamic principles). Ultimately, a model based on the unique features of Islamic microfinance will be developed based on the findings of the content analysis. Findings The proposed model incorporates the peculiarities of the poor people in pre-financing, financing and post-financing activities of micro-financing products to serve as a reference for policy makers. The paper also found that each region has unique product preferences depending on the poor’s characteristics. Research limitations/implications This study is only conducted in four areas with BMT representation, namely, Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi (often abbreviated as JABODETABEK), Sulawesi Selatan, Yogyakarta and Nusa Tenggara Barat) in Indonesia. Despite the limited scope, the findings have wide applications to the Islamic microfinancing in general. Originality/value The paper adds value to the literature on Islamic microfinance by enabling researchers and practitioners to understand the model of three step financing (pre-financing, financing and post-financing) in Islamic microfinance in Indonesia. Although not a new issue, the paper provides the practice of pre-financing, financing and post-financing processes which may differ from the practices of Islamic microfinance in other settings because of different cultural influences unique to every region.
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Gee, Cameron A. "Aircraft Pre-Delivery Payment Financing Transactions— Updated for 2018." Journal of Structured Finance 24, no. 1 (2018): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jsf.2018.24.1.061.
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Gee, Cameron A. "Aircraft Pre-Delivery Payment Financing Transactions— Updated for 2018." Journal of Structured Finance 24, no. 1 (2018): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jsf.2018.1.064.
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Rahman, Md Saifur, and Shahari Farihana. "The nexus between Asian and US short-term financing rate." Managerial Finance 45, no. 12 (2019): 1563–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-10-2018-0488.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the nexus between Asian and the US short-term financing rates and compare them between pre- and post-Asian financial crisis. Design/methodology/approach The short-term financing rate is used in the estimation by employing two-stage cointegration test. Findings The result of the empirical study shows several outcomes; the short-term financing rates among the selected Asian countries are not highly correlated during pre-crisis period, but the rates become strongly associated during the post-crisis period. The US financing rate has significant influence on the Asian rate during both periods. Asian financing rates are not integrated by the influence of the USA, rather regional cooperation and financial initiatives lead the regional financing rate to be integrated. Originality/value The empirical finding of the study offers significant policy implications for strengthening regional economic bonding and developing the financial systems.
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Sukriya, Aminata, Jibria Ratna Yasir, and Fasiha Kamal. "RISK MAPPING ON LENDING METHOD OF SHARIA MICRO FINANCING INSTITUTION (INDONESIA EVIDENCE)." Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities 8, no. 1 (2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i1.252.
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The purposes of financing method are to maintain the smoothness of financial return and to mitigate the risk of default, especially for microfinance institutions. It is similar to the 5Cs in banking. However, Islamic microfinance institutions have quite striking differences in practice. This research aimed to analyze the risk management of financing method on Sharia Micro Financing Institutions (SMFIs) in Indonesia with ERM (Enterprise Risk Management) approach classifying the risks become 4 part; strategic risks, operations risks, reporting risks, and compliance risks. The research method was a qualitative descriptive study by breaking down risk events into 2 categories, namely the financing process and the financing actors. The financing process was divided into 3 stages, namely pre-processing, processing, and post-processing. While, the financing actors were debtors, creditors, and funding source institutions.
 The data collection methods were observation, in-depth interview, and library research. This research identified 64 risk events. The risk that most often faced by financing actors was the one inherent in the debtor. While, the risk that mostly faced by creditors was during the pre-financing process. The highest undesirable risks were debtor’s misunderstanding of sharia and interest-based contracts, misassessment of the company propriety, and difficulty in insurance claims.
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Jannah, Nurul. "Pengaruh Jumlah Penduduk Dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Terhadap Pembiayaan Bank Syari’ah Di Sumatera Utara." AT-TAWASSUTH: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 1, no. 1 (2018): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/ajei.v1i1.2699.
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<pre>This study aims to determine whether there is a significant influence between population and gross regional domestic product on the financing of sharia banks in North Sumatra, and how much influence between the total population on the financing of sharia banks in North Sumatra and between gross regional domestic products. towards the financing of the Shariah bank in North Sumatra. The research design used is quantitative research design using techniques using multiple linear regression analysis techniques supported by classical assumptions and statistical tests with the help of SPSS 19 program. The sample of this study was the population, gross regional domestic product and the financing of the Shari'ah bank in North Sumatra from January 2009 to December 2011. The results showed that simultaneous gross regional population and gross domestic product had a significant and positive effect on bank financing. Shari'ah in North Sumatra. Partially, the more dominant factor that significantly affects the financing of the Shariah bank in North Sumatera is the factor of the population.</pre>
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Ong, Seow‐Eng. "Building defects, warranties and project financing from pre‐completion marketing." Journal of Property Finance 8, no. 1 (1997): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09588689710160507.
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Sab, Randa, Huy Nguyen, and Timothy Hills. "Determinants of Pre-Pandemic Demand for the IMF’s Concessional Financing." IMF Working Papers 2021, no. 015 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513567778.001.
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Nazukova, Nataliia. "Investing in early childhood development in the context of reforming educational funding in Ukraine." Economy and Forecasting 2019, no. 2 (2019): 66–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econforecast2019.02.066.
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The world community agrees on the conceptualizing nature of early childhood development. This was formulated in the Incheon Declaration and in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The most significant part of the early development concept is the pre-primary education, which covers early childhood educational development and pre-school programs. Society's investments in early childhood development are highly profitable as resources spent are much less than the return from them: according to some estimates, $1 spent on pre-primary education can gain from $4 to $17 of social return. At the same time, financial resources, that countries can spent on education, are limited, especially after the latest financial crisis. In Ukraine, the situation is worsened by the domestic socio-economic crisis of 2013–2014. The article aims at grounding the ways of pre-primary education financing in Ukraine in the context of the implementation of early childhood development concept. The author assesses financial support for childcare, early childhood education and pre-school education programs in different countries. The comparative analysis showed a low level of financing and a negative trend in Ukraine, in particular compared with the neighboring EU-countries such as Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. This indicates a low financial viability of providing quality pre-school education services in Ukraine. If the trend remains, Ukraine will lag behind the average indicators of social returns from pre-school education, especially in comparison with developed economies. The author substantiates the expediency of applying in Ukraine the measures aimed at supporting licensed private pre-school education institutions, in particular, simplifying the procedures for starting pre-school educational activities, state participation in financing licensed private pre-school institutions and applying innovative schemes for financing pre-school education based on public-private partnership.
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Hung, Ken, and Shinhua Liu. "Are pre-funded bonds good substitutes for zeros in corporate financing?" International Journal of Bonds and Derivatives 2, no. 4 (2016): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbd.2016.081378.
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Hung, Ken, and Shinhua Liu. "Are pre-funded bonds good substitutes for zeros in corporate financing?" International Journal of Bonds and Derivatives 2, no. 4 (2016): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbd.2016.10002373.
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Forsyth, Peter. "Pre-financing airport investments, efficiency and distribution: Do airlines really lose?" Journal of Air Transport Management 67 (March 2018): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.03.008.
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Roberge, Ian. "Misguided Policies in the War on Terror? The Case for Disentangling Terrorist Financing from Money Laundering." Politics 27, no. 3 (2007): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9256.2007.00300.x.
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In the war on terror governments have sought to tackle the issue of terrorist financing by building on the pre-existing regime against money laundering. The article argues that although there are similarities between money laundering and terrorist financing, there are also important differences between these illegal financial activities. Money laundering is ultimately about safeguarding profits, while terrorist financing aims to support groups with violent political objectives. The article suggests that each threat would be best addressed by the use of targeted strategies.
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Bilau, J., and E. Couto. "The failure to obtain VC financing in the pre-start-up phase: Evidence from the Portuguese context." South African Journal of Business Management 43, no. 4 (2012): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v43i4.481.
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In this paper, we contribute to the literature on access to venture capital during the pre-start-up phase of innovative firms by identifying the reasons for failing to obtaining formal VC according to nascent entrepreneurs. The main reasons cited for not obtaining venture financing were the small size of the VC market and limited public policies to support venture capital participation. The sub-sample of nascent entrepreneurs who based their financing proposals on more complete business plans included “lack of interest of the venture capitalists in pre start-up phase investments” as the number one reason.
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Agustining and Ningrum Natasya Sirait. "Motor vehicle lease agreement with fiduciary warranty." E3S Web of Conferences 52 (2018): 00003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185200003.
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Purchasing motor vehicles with instalment (credit) is currently becoming favourite choice by many people including people who live in plantation and agriculture area. There are several reasons, such as easy pre-requirements, low down payment and saving time. The financing institutions that generally deal with motor vehicle credit are financing companies and banks. Although, they are different in their operational legal basis, in practice, financing company and bank fall under the category of fiduciary warranty agreements. This study focus on the potential fraud on law in financing of capital goods. This study used the normative and empirical legal research methods. In the end of the study, it found that it used loan financing with fiduciary guarantee not a lease agreement. As a consequence, the use of fiduciary warranty by financing company in a lease does not accord with the law and considered to be illegal. Last but not least the study found that Ministry of Finance and the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan/OJK) as supervisory agencies financing business must to ensure law enforcement, certainty and effective oversight. OJK should provides sanctions for financing companies which do not comply in accordance with the legal provisions.
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Szekeres (Vancza), Gabriella, and Alina Căldăraru. "The influence of financing on results in the pre-university education system." Journal of Financial Studies 6, no. 10 (2021): 136–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55654/jfs.2021.6.10.10.
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"Expenditure on the education system plays a significant role in the economy of the public system. In the accounting of educational institutions, special emphasis is placed on the budgeting process, in which the revenues and expenditures of the entities are found. Despite a large amount of research, specialists do not agree on the role the level of funding plays in the education system and its effect on the results of the final beneficiaries of the system. In this research we tried to observe how the level of funding or average costs per pupil in European education systems influences the results of students in standardized tests. Making an estimate with the help of the linear regression model by the method of the least squares of the correlation between these two variables, we found that there was a positive correlation between them; not exceptionally strong but not negligible either."
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Sokolova, Natalia, Bogdan Yatsenko, Vladimir Petrovich, and Olena Usychenko. "Risks of private investors in financing housing construction." Automobile Roads and Road Construction, no. 109 (2021): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33744/0365-8171-2021-109-245-254.
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In public are considered the functioning features of mechanism of financing of housing construction through the Construction Financing Fund (CFF), the main investor risks of using CFF and pre-conditions of their origins are defined. It is educed that decision-making about investing using CFF must consist of two stages: on the first stage a bailiff chooses an investment project, initiator and proprietor the Builder, on the second stage the choice of object of investing is made by investor. The principles of choice and the model of choosing the Builder by bailiff are developed; the principles, model and methods of Investor's choice of investment object are offered. The control system was developed to monitor the pre- conditions of risk origins. The suggestions of legislative base improvements in relation to CFF are developed to decrease the risks of investors.
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Pochynok, N. V., I. D. Benko, and S. V. Sysіuk. "Financial Provision of Institutions of Professional Pre-Higher Education: The Essence, Normative, Organizational and Accounting Aspects." Business Inform 7, no. 522 (2021): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-7-84-90.
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The article is aimed at studying the main features of institutions of professional pre-higher education (colleges) as structural subdivisions of higher educational institutions and the peculiarities of their financial provision, as well as developing proposals for its optimization and accounting display, including in the direction of development of sources that are viewed as a structural subsystem of the financial mechanism. As a result of the study, the need to optimize the financing of education and its further development is proved. On the example of institutions of professional pre-higher education, the problem of reducing the number of applicants for education and educational institutions is identified, which negatively affects the level of supplying the Ukrainian labor market with specialists. The connection of the level of financing with the State policy on the development of education in Ukraine and the use of a new budget mechanism in this area, which stipulates the transfer of a number of pre-higher educational institutions to financial provision from local budgets, is determined. A significant impact on the functioning of pre-higher education on the part of the adopted Law of Ukraine «On Pre-Higher Education» is identified, which, among other things, defines the possibility of not only budgetary support, but also funding at the expense of other sources that are not prohibited by law, with the obligatory observance of the principles of targeted and effective use of funds, publicity and transparency in decision-making. The authors examine the problems that have occurred in the system of professional pre-higher education and it is concluded about absence of a comprehensive, scientifically based program of financial provision for the activities of educational institutions, which would create a financial basis for the strategic development of pre-higher education in Ukraine in the context of globalization and informatization of society. In its development, it is proposed to take into account all possible sources of financing, as well as to improve the accounting system in the direction of separate display of its revenues in the context of relevant sources and to form a working plan of accounts accordingly. The expediency of applying such a form of financing of social projects and target programs of educational institutions as fundraising, which represents a specially organized process of gathering monetary means for the implementation of projects of non-profit organizations, is substantiated. Financial provision of colleges based on fundraising can be carried out using instruments such as grants or payment for services on a contractual basis. Innovations in financing affect their accounting, and this issue is currently under-researched. Therefore, research on the issues of improving both the synthetic and the analytical accounting of financial provision from various sources, as well as the development of a system of documentary support of fundraising relations between counterparties, are perspective.
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Evbuomwan, Grace O., and Lawrence U. Okoye. "Agricultural Value Chain Financing and Small Scale Farmers in Nigeria : The Pre-Requisites." NG-Journal of Social Development 6, no. 1 (2017): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0040237.
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Puspita, Martha Dyah, and Dian Filianti. "IDENTIFIKASI PENYEBAB TIDAK OPTIMALNYA PENANGANAN PEMBIAYAAN BERMASALAH DI KSPS BMT ABC CABANG PEMBANTU KLM-SURABAYA." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 6, no. 5 (2020): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss20195pp913-927.
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Sharia Financial Services Cooperative (KJKS) is a form of cooperative whose business activities are engaged in financing, investment, and deposits in accordance sharia principles. in relation to financial services in the form of such financing, in this case the Sharia Financial Services Cooperative (KJKS) will be faced with several risks, among others, is the risk of default on financing channeled and the existence of fraud action (fraud) committedby the management of the financial institution. The object of this research is KSPS BMT ABC Branch KLM-Surabaya.on the object of the study found that the total gross NPF until December 2016 reached 81.84%, in addition to the impact of high levels of Gross NPF is a loss to be borne until December 2016 amounted to Rp 354.715.664. Based on the results of pre-research interview with Mr. Muhammad stated that the cause of the loss due to there are two factors namely the existence of fraud (misconduct) in the form of misuse of funds by former employees and handling financing problems that can be optimally 30% of total troubled financing. The purpose of this study is to determine the cause of the non-optimal handling of troubled financing. Things that need to be reviewed in the process of handling pembiyaan problem is based on the phenomenon that occurs in the object of research. This research uses qualitative method with exploratory case study strategy. The results of research conducted by the researchers found that KSPS BMT ABC Branch KLM-Surabaya Assistant has a concept of mixing handling of non-performing financing based on standard operating procedures with the handling of troubled financing based on kinship.Keywords: Troubled Financing, Troubled Financing Handling, Fraud
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DEMCHYSHAK, Nazar, Oksana SHCHUREVYCH, and Olha HEORHIIEVSKA. "BANK PROJECT FINANCING IN THE CONDITIONS OF MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY IN UKRAINE." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 3(64) (2020): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2020.03.126.
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Introduction. Banking project investments as one of the important factors of economic development of any country should be investigated. Despite the relative novelty of project financing in Ukraine, it should be studied because this process has been widely used for a long period in the world, which is confirmed by the implementation of large-scale projects. The purpose of the article is the implementation of a comparative analysis of bank project financing in Ukraine and the world during the pre-crisis macroeconomic situation, as well as the development of appropriate proposals for further development of the mentioned investments. Results. It substantiated the promotion project financing would be impossible in the conditions of the predominance of the short-term loans and the unwillingness of banking institutions to participate in the financing of infrastructure and investment projects. The factors hindering the development of bank project financing in Ukraine were determined. Significant potential for the rapid development of project financing has been fully confirmed by the corresponding market demand. However, for the development of project financing in Ukraine it is necessary to realistically and in detail assess the viability and profitability of projects. Also, the most effective leverage can and should be appropriate changes in the legislation that might give the guarantee bilateral protection of investors and creditors, as well as describe the approaches to the formation of a simplified mechanism for this type of financing.
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Trimulato, Trimulato. "The Role Of Sharia Banking To Recover SMEs During Covid-19 Pandemic." Al-Masharif: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keislaman 9, no. 1 (2021): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24952/masharif.v9i1.3851.
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Abstrak Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perkembangan pembiayaan perbankan syariah bagi UMKM ditengah Covid-19 dan peran perbankan syariah dalam memulihkan UMKM selama pandemic. Jenis penelitian studi pustaka, menggunakan data sekunder, kemudian diolah oleh peneliti. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, mendeskripsikan perkembangan pembiayaan perbankan syariah serta peran perbankan syariah bagi pemulihan UMKM di tengah wabah Covid-19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perkembangan pembiayaan di perbankan syariah yang disalurkan untuk UMKM selama pandemi Covid-19 mengalami penurunan. Penurunan pembiayaan terbesar terjadi pada pembiayaan BPRS untuk UMKM yang mengalami penurunan sebesar 14,88 persen, pembiayaan BUS untuk UMKM mengalami penurunan sebesar 14,17 persen, dan pembiayaan UUS mengalami penurunan sebesar 13,47 persen. Peran perbankan syariah bagi pemulihan UMKM di tengah pandemi covid-19 adalah meningkatkan porsi pembiayaan UMKM, mendampingi mereka para pelaku sebagai mitra, perbankan syariah dapat memberikan keringanan pembayaran, meningkatkan jumlah pembiayaan skema bagi hasil yang lebih tepat untuk pembiayaan UMKM. Abstract The purpose study to determine development sharia banking financing for SMEs during covid-19 pandemic. Then to find role sharia banking recover SMEs during covid-19 pandemic. Type research used library research, data source used secondary data, which has published institutions processed researchers and from various pre-existing sources. Data analysis technique used research descriptive qualitative, describing development financing sharia banking and role of sharia banking for recovery SMEs during covid-19 pandemic. Results showed development of financing in sharia banking was distributed SMEs during covid-19 pandemic experienced decrease amount of financing. Largest decline in financing occurred in BPRS financing for SMEs, which experienced decline of 14.88 percent, BUS financing investment SMEs decrease 14.17 percent, and UUS financing decrease 13.47 percent. Role sharia banking recovery SMEs during covid-19 pandemic is increasing portion financing SMEs, assisting them players as partners, sharia banking can provide payment, increasing number financing profit-sharing schemes more appropriate for financing SMEs.
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Harman, Sophie, and Sara E. Davies. "President Donald Trump as global health’s displacement activity." Review of International Studies 45, no. 3 (2018): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026021051800027x.
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AbstractThe United States presidential election of Donald Trump in 2016 was observed by global health commentators as posing dire consequences for the progress made in global health outcomes, governance, and financing. This article shares these concerns, however, we present a more nuanced picture of the global health governance progress narrative pre-Trump. We argue that Trump’s presidency is a displacement activity to which global health’s pre-existing inequalities and problems of global health security, financing, and reproductive health can be attributed. Unfettered access to sexual and reproductive rights, sustained financing of health system strengthening initiatives, affordable medicines and vaccines, and a human security-centred definition of global health security were already problematic shortfalls for global health governance. Trump no doubt exacerbates these concerns, however, to blame his presidency for failings in these areas ignores the issues that have been endemic to global health governance prior to his presidency. Instead of using Trump as a displacement activity, his presidency could be an opportunity to confront dependency on US financing model, the lack of a human-security centred definition of global health security, and the norm of restricting reproductive health. It is such engagement and confrontation with these issues that could see Trump’s presidency as being a catalyst for change rather than displacement as a means of preserving the uncomfortable status quo in global health. We make this argument by focusing on three specific areas of US-led global health governance: reproductive health and the ‘global gag rule’, health financing and the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), and pandemic preparedness and global health security.
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Koval, A. A., and M. Yu Kuzmenkov. "E-money: opportunities for quick payments and risks of their use for illegal purposes." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, no. 5 (October 25, 2018): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2018-5-69-75.
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E-money is widely used in cross-border commercial relations. It can increase the speed and cut cost of payments for business. At the same time e-money can be used for laundering funds gained by criminal ways and for terrorism financing. FATF member-states use provisions of the legislation about fighting criminal incomes’ legalization in respect to e-money issuers. These countries also underline that special risk for criminal incomes’ legalization can be caused by anonymous money and pre-paid cards. Therefore, many countries fix in their national laws measures that ensure realization of risk-oriented approach directed at minimizing risks of money laundering and terrorism financing. For example, the EU develops amendments to the directive aiming at elimination of risks dealing with use of e-money and pre-paid cards for legalizing criminal incomes. The authors propose measures aimed at improvement of legislation about fighting money laundering and terrorism financing to minimize respective risks in using e-money. At the same time the necessity to develop conditions for extending possibilities of remote identification was pointed out, as it was envisaged by the program ‘Digital Economics of the Russian Federation’.
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Nicholson, Michael Robert. "Why buy new, when used will do?" Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 9, no. 3 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-01-2019-0014.
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Learning outcomes Students are exposed to debt and equity financing; analysis of company affairs using selected financial statement information; use of ratios in financial analysis; the impact of adequate financing on company performance; and trade-offs companies must make in their day-to-day operations. Case overview/synopsis Jetcon Corporation’s business model involved the importation of pre-owned cars from Japan for re-sale in Jamaica. It was a fiercely competitive business as there were over 100 companies involved in this sector. There was also a vibrant new-car sector. Jetcon focused on importing mid to low price Japanese pre-owned models, which were already common on Jamaican roads, and which would be affordable to the larger segment of buyers. Like most small businesses, it experienced difficulty raising financing in the amounts and cost that is required and this contributed to its decision to raise equity capital through an initial public offer. It was the first used-car dealer to list on the Jamaica Stock Exchange. Complexity academic level This case is suitable for final-year undergraduate students in finance. By that time they should already have been exposed to debt, equity and stock markets. It helps students to explore some of the issues involved in financing a company’s operations. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Audia, Risca Mia, Yaswirman Yaswirman, and Rembrandt Rembrandt. "Future Package (FP) Financing Using Murabahah Contract for Pre-Prosperous Families in Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Nasional Syariah (BTPNS) of Solok City." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 5 (2019): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i5.1077.
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Future Package (FP) financing is one of the products of Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Nasional Syariah (BTPNS). This FP program is aimed specifically at women who want to develop or who want to start a business. Based on observations in the field, after the financing has been provided to customers, there are several customers who have arrears in installments. Thus, it raises discrepancies such as what is regulated in the fatwa of the National Sharia Council (DSN) No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 concerning Murabahah Contract Financing that the customer must pay the price of the goods agreed upon at a certain agreed period of time. The formulation of the research problems includes: (1) what are the criteria for FP financing for pre-prosperous families? (2) how is FP financing viewed from Islamic law? (3) what are the problems with the FP program? and (4) how does the bank cope with it? This research applies an empirical juridical problem approach in which the source of data is obtained by looking at the legal provisions that are connected with facts in the field. The data types consist of primary data from the field and secondary data from books and literature. Problems with non-current installment payments by some customers started with declining business incomes. Thus, banks must make regular collection efforts and the active role of groups. The suggestion from this research is that customers need to increase their sense of responsibility to pay installments on time.
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Riyadi, Fuad, and Sri Puji Lestari. "Analisis Implementasi Penanganan Pembiayaan Mudhorobah Bermasalah di KSPPS BMT Bina Ummat Sejahtera Cabang Mijen Kudus." BISNIS : Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen Islam 5, no. 2 (2018): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/bisnis.v5i2.3018.
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Mudharabah is a special kind of partnership between two parties, where one partner providers the capital executed (shahibul mal) and the other supplying the labor and skill as agent or manager (mudharib), for investing in a pre-determined activity, which grants each party a share of the earnings as determined at the time of the investment. On this Implementation while the risk in financing mudharabah, especially on this the financing application, high relatively, among other side streaming, negligence and misconduct willful, concealment of profits by customers when customers are not honest. The amount of financing risk is shown in the ratio of non-performing finance. The high of non-performing finance indicates the large number of borrowers who can’t repay their finance in accordance with the initial agreement that has been agreed between the bank and the customer, so financing becomes problematic. Funding problems can be caused by the bank itself, the customers or external parties. KSPPS BMT Bina Ummat Sejahtera Mijen Kudus has been anticipating the event of a dispute banking, especially in the provision of financing problems. On this theory of completion financing problems, be done with several measures including the rescue action by intensive bill, rescheduling, re-requirements and realignment. Rescue actions made by bank on this condition that the customer is still considered to have good faith to settle the payment.
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Cevikcan, Emre, and Yildiz Kose. "Optimization of profitability and liquidity for residential projects under debt and equity financing." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 11, no. 2 (2021): 369–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-01-2020-0016.
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PurposeAn appropriate space allocation among different residence types gives higher profitability and liquidity for cash flow management in real estate projects for developers. Thereby, a balance between debt and equity should be kept for capital formation in developers where high level of cost, profit and risk exists. The purpose of this paper is to provide cash flow optimization under debt and equity financing while providing an appropriate space allocation of residence types via synchronous consideration of profitability and liquidity.Design/methodology/approachA novel optimization methodology that includes project financing, optimization and experimental design modules is proposed. The first module, project financing, considers the flexibility of utilizing one or both of debt financing and equity financing when making capital. The optimization module addresses space allocation among different residence types for a construction while maximizing profitability and liquidity using two mixed-integer linear programming models in a pre-emptive manner. The experimental design module assesses the effects of decisive parameters within the methodology via multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).FindingsThe proposed methodology is applied to a real-life residential project in Istanbul. The optimization module yielded 42.5% profitability via the first linear programming model and 2.2% trade-off between liquidity and profitability while minimizing the payback period by the second linear programming model. Meanwhile, MANOVA results showed that profit per square meter and sale rate trends are the most prominent factors considering their significant effects on net present value and payback period.Originality/valueTo the best knowledge of the author, related papers focused only on profitability under equity financing. Liquidity (as an objective) and equity financing (as a financing method) have not been handled. Hence, this paper not only performs profitability and liquidity-oriented cash flow optimization under debt and equity financing but also optimizes space allocation of residences for the first time.
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Said, M., A. Dragosits, and E. Walter. "Pre-Financing Function of the Pharmaceutical Full-Line Wholesale Sector in the European Union." Value in Health 16, no. 7 (2013): A472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2013.08.864.
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Marin, Florian, and Laurentiu Ionut Petre. "The Influence of the Main Endogenous Variables on the Absorption of European Structural and Investment Funds." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 9, no. 1 (2020): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2020010103.
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The absorption of structural and investment funds is a constant concern on the part of both the European Commission and the Member States. The absorption process is a complex one, with the Member States recording different performances in terms of absorption, these being based on their management systems. The article addresses the relationship between the effective absorption and the influence of the main endogenous variables at the level of the management system, respectively the pre-financing, the value of the payments to the beneficiaries, and the current absorption. The variables analyzed concerned the Cohesion Policy for the programming period 2014 - 2020 and respectively the period 30.03.2018 - 01.11.2019. Using an econometric model of multiple linear regression type, an influence of 0.58 units in the case of current absorption, 0.26 units in the case of payments to beneficiaries, and 0.19 units in the case of pre-financing were highlighted.
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Fatmawati, Nurul. "Model of Working Capital Financing of Mekaar Pruducts in Sme‘s Empowerment Framework at PT. Permodalan Nasional Madani in Surabaya." Journal of World Conference (JWC) 1, no. 1 (2019): 264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/prd.v1i1.96.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the role of microfinance / non-bank institutions in the pre-prosperous female SME empowerment program at PT. Permodalan Nasional Madani in Surabaya. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach, the data used in this study are primary data with internal and external data sources. This research was conducted by conducting surveys, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires on 12 respondents from a total of 30 respondents who were still active as customers at PNM Mekaar Surabaya. The results and findings of this study reveal that the joint system of working capital financing is very effective for SMEs, especially for financial institutions whose targets are pre-prosperous women. This is reflected in the average score of perceptions for 15 statements of 75.8%, while each statement has a score of 62.3%, therefore the reconstruction of the financing model is said to be good.
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Fawen, Yang, and Yang Cheng. "An Empirical Study of the Influencing Factors of the Agricultural Service Supply of Cooperatives from the Perspective of Industrial Chain." E3S Web of Conferences 214 (2020): 02027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021402027.
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The study is based on 162 Agricultural Cooperatives in Zhejiang Province. On the basis of literature, this paper analyzes the service situation of agricultural production cooperatives, including production, processing and financing. The influencing factors are discussed theoretically and tested empirically. The study concluded that most cooperatives provide pre-and post-production supply services to participating members, as well as financing services. In addition, in order to strengthen human resources, the leaders of each cooperative are encouraged and the service awareness of the agricultural industrial chain of the cooperative is enhanced; the membership is expanded to facilitate agricultural production and the provision of financing services by the cooperative. At the same time, the increase in post-natal strength provides a positive impact on cooperatives and optimizes the overall market environment for cooperatives. Of course, the agricultural industrial chain services provided by cooperatives are also affected by the variety of products.
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Chisholm, Dan. "Mental health system financing in developing countries: Policy questions and research responses." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 16, no. 4 (2007): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x0000244x.
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AbstractTo what extent does previous and existing health economics research directly address key health system financing issues facing mental health services in developing countries? By mapping WHO's health systems framework onto mental health, three key financing questions for mental health are identified: the sufficiency of resources for mental health; the protection of individuals or households against the economic consequences of mental ill-health; and the efficient use of available resources for mental health. Research efforts to date have mainly focused on the evaluation of intervention costs in relation to mental health outcomes (the efficiency question). There is a need to achieve a greater balance between economic analysis (aimed at identifying best buys) versus financial planning (scaling up the delivery or implementation of interventions shown to be cost-effective). In addition, a better understanding and clearer articulation of the negative impact of mental disorders at the household level is needed, together with ways of alleviating financial burden via appropriate and affordable pre-payment financing mechanisms.
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Lambert, Chris. "‘Show Me the Money’: Pre-Requisites and Pitfalls in the Financing of Nuclear New Build." Energy & Environment 17, no. 2 (2006): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830506777070123.
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Zhao, Peng Peng, and Fan Rui Meng. "Agricultural Water Conservation Cost Control Mechanism of the Pre-Coastal City Based on Design Innovation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5962–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5962.
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Water-saving irrigation is the livelihood of the people to solve the problem of coastal city agriculture water shortage of water conservancy projects. To investigate the situation of the construction of agricultural water-saving facilities in Tianjin, first ,this paper analyzes the using costs, including running maintenance costs. According to the life-cycle cost theory, it is an important means to control using costs in the infrastructure construction engineering design stage. Then the paper will analyze the complexity of the demand of urban water-saving irrigation and propose that designing innovation is the key to control the complex using costs. Finally , the paper will analyze The effect of investment and financing model of design innovation process. On the one hand, the mode of investment and financing will help to solve the construction funding gap; On the other hand, it will affect water-saving cost pre-control in different degrees.
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Nasfi, Nasfi, Deni Saputri, and Miswardi. "The Economic Impact of Murabahah Financing On PT. PNM Mekar Syariah In Increasing The Welfare Of Pre-Prospered Women." ADPEBI International Journal of Business and Social Science 1, no. 1 (2021): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54099/aijbs.v1i1.38.
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The main problem that the authors study in this study is how the economic impact of murabahah financing on PT. The general objective to be achieved in this research is to find out how the economic impact of murabahah financing on PT. This research is a qualitative field research. This research is descriptive and emphasizes the analysis side. Process and meaning are highlighted in qualitative research on the theoretical basis that is used as a guide to focus on research in accordance with the facts on the ground. The data collection method in this study is by observation and interviews. The results of the study found that in general present PT. PNM Mekar Syariah in Banuhampu District and unsecured murabahah financing distributed by PT. PNM Mekar Syariah has a positive but not significant impact on improving the welfare of underprivileged women in Banuhampu sub-district from an economic perspective.
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Goodyear-Smith, Felicity, Andrew Bazemore, Megan Coffman, et al. "Primary care financing: a systematic assessment of research priorities in low- and middle-income countries." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 8 (2019): e001483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001483.
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IntroductionFinancing of primary healthcare (PHC) is the key to the provision of equitable universal care. We aimed to identify and prioritise the perceived needs of PHC practitioners and researchers for new research in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) about financing of PHC.MethodsThree-round expert panel consultation using web-based surveys of LMIC PHC practitioners, academics and policy-makers sampled from global networks. Iterative literature review conducted in parallel. First round (Pre-Delphi survey) elicited possible research questions to address knowledge gaps about financing. Responses were independently coded, collapsed and synthesised to two lists of questions. Round 2 (Delphi Round 1) invited panellists to rate importance of each question. In Round 3 (Delphi Round 2), panellists ranked questions in order of importance.ResultsA diverse range of PHC practitioners, academics and policy-makers in LMIC representing all global regions identified 479 knowledge gaps as potentially critical to improving PHC financing. Round 2 provided 31 synthesised questions on financing for rating. The top 16 were ranked in Round 3e to produce four prioritised research questions.ConclusionsThis novel exercise created an expansive and prioritised list of critical knowledge gaps in PHC financing research questions. This offers valuable guidance to global supporters of primary care evaluation and implementation, including research funders and academics seeking research priorities. The source and context specificity of this research, informed by LMIC practitioners and academics on a global and local basis, should increase the likelihood of local relevance and eventual success in implementing the findings.
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Karagiannis, Sotirios, and Dimitrios Thomakos. "The Effects of Corporate Bonds on Employment: Early Evidence from Greece." Review of Economic Analysis 12, no. 2 (2020): 235–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/rea.v12i2.1763.
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This study investigates the impact of corporate bonds issued by Greek listed firms on employment. Even though external financing and the effects on employment has been studied in the literature, we extend the existing literature by focusing for the first time on the specific role of corporate bonds on employment. We have collected all the relevant papers on this line of the literature and concisely report them in a table format and then use them in analyzing our results. Our empirical analysis is based on a panel dataset from 2001 to 2014 and we examine the effect of corporate bonds in the pre and post period of the Greek economic crisis, in which the banking system is vulnerable and unable to provide financing to the firms. The results suggest that corporate bonds have a positive effect on employment in the pre-crisis sample, denoting that firms hire employees and proceed to investment choices. On the contrary, during the recession, corporate bonds have a negative effect on employment. Firms reduce their costs and try to control their debt obligations by issuing corporate bonds.
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Khan, Majid Jamal, Jamil Anwar, and Abdus Sattar Abbasi. "Financial Inclusion of Small & Medium Enterprises: An Analysis of Ijarah Based Financing." Academic Journal of Social Sciences (AJSS ) 5, no. 1 (2021): 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/ajss.2021.05011390.
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We critically analyse a particular case of Islamic financing “Ijarah”, availed by a small business that was previously unbanked and eventually attained exponential growth. Ijarah is an Islamic financing contract in which the use of an asset is rented out for a particular period against a pre-defined rent and may or may not eventually end into the transfer of ownership. The study revolves around a firm relationship between the bank and the customer who was previously unbanked but embarked on a lasting banking relationship due to the particular nature of Ijarah facility. Using qualitative data collected through interviews, observations and analysis of relevant documentations, we derive a number of important lessons for practitioners, academicians, students and the SMEs. First, the case represents an example of how customer engagement is at the core of successful business. Second, this case represents how a successfully implemented Ijarah financing helped the customer achieve exponential growth in assets size and business volume hence reflecting the real economic impact of Islamic Finance. Third, the study reveals a particular distinctive feature of Islamic financing i.e. being a successful driver of financial inclusion. The paper concludes with recommendations for the Islamic banks, shariah boards and the SMEs.
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Ṭḯrlea, Mariana Rodica, and Agatador Mihaela Popescu. "Current Aspects Regarding the Crediting of Micro-Enterprises." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 26, no. 2 (2020): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2020-0063.
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AbstractThe IMM INVEST type of reimbursable financing is a top-up loan formula, materialized in the granting of bank loans granted to micro-enterprises under the national legislation applicable to investments and working capital. In order to benefit from this financing, the wishing companies must go through two stages: a pre-contractual stage in which the registration on the electronic platform created for this purpose takes place, in which the companies must prove that they fall into the category of micro-enterprises and the contractual stage. In order to meet the eligibility conditions in the contractual phase, micro-enterprises will be subject to the verification of administrative compliance and the techniques and methods for verifying financial soundness. Beneficiaries of such loans will benefit under the state aid scheme from various forms of government support materialized in supporting the costs of financing 100% from the state budget, until the end of 2020 with the possibility of extension, which will help them to re-launch itself from a financial and economic perspective.
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Radovic, Gordana. "Analysis of agricultural policy in Serbia from the aspect of financing from the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 175 (2020): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2075361r.
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The aim of this paper is to analyze the agricultural policy implemented in Serbia from the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century from the aspect of agriculture finance. The domestic agricultural policy of the pre-transitional and the beginning of the transitional period, during the mid 1990s, was based on the concept of protectionism. Back then, the financing of agriculture was realized mainly through the primary emission of the National Bank i.e. through selective and subsidized credits. The agricultural policy was abruptly transformed from the concept of protectionism to liberalization. Although this concept was applied for only several years, it significantly aggravated the economic situation in agriculture, thus complicating the issue of financing even more. Along with the agrarian budget, the sources of financing agriculture during this period were the loans granted by commercial banks, which were unfavorable for the majority of agricultural entities. The methods used in this paper are analytical-empirical, historical, and comparative. The author concludes that the former concepts of agricultural policy in Serbia have not defined an acceptable and sustainable model of financing agriculture. The agrarian budget, as a quantitative and qualitative demonstration of the agricultural policy, has been the key source of financing agriculture during the entire transition period up to now. Despite the modifications in the qualitative structure of the agrarian budget, in accordance with the requirements of agricultural entities and the EU integration, in quantitative terms the agrarian budget failed to meet the growing demands of the agricultural entities for subsidies.
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Lixandru, Ionel Florian, and Mihaela Gabriela Todrican Rosca. "The policies of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in financing pre-university education." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 14, no. 1 (2020): 407–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2020-0039.
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AbstractIn this article, we want to present the comparative report, as well as the results of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development policy review to improve the efficiency of the use of educational resources (Review Resources Resources). The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development report provides analysis and options to assist governments in achieving the goals of education policies, as well as the fair use of financial resources in this area. This report focuses on the more topics of interest, such us: how responsibilities for raising and spending school funds in increasingly complex education systems can be effectively organized, the way in which mechanisms for distributing funding to schools can be designed effectively to support the learning of young people and how planning procedures can support the preparation of education budgets to ensure their long-term sustainability and align them with the priorities of government education policies. At the same time we set out to present the governance of school funding and describes increasing the involvement of different bodies in the management and allocation of school funds in different States as well as how they are organized and interact with each other. The article also contains some examples of sources of education funding in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Member States such as Austria, Finland, Germany, Greece, The United Kingdom and the United States of America.
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Tajidan, Tajidan, Halil Halil, Efendy Efendy, and FX Edy Fernandez. "Nilai Tambah VCO Pada Unit Bisnis Agroindustri “Andana” di Kabupaten Lombok Utara." Jurnal Gema Ngabdi 1, no. 3 (2019): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jgn.v1i3.28.
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Community service aims to improve understanding and application of financial management in the "Andana" VCO agroindustry business unit, and measuring the performance of its financing. Community service is carried out using the literasi, tutorial and assistance method. Tutorial participants' understanding of financial management is measured from the results of the pre test and post test, while the application of financial management is assessed by financial inclusion, and financing performance is measured using a value added analysis tool. The results of community service activities show that financial management understanding has increased from 77,69 to 81,72 (from good to superior). The application of financial management leads to the application of financial inclusion, while the achievement of value added was IDR 83,200 / liter in June 2019 and IDR 95,681 / liter in July 2019
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Afrizal, Afrizal. "Implementasi Kursus Pra Nikah dalam Mengurangi Angka Perceraian di Kua Pringsewu." Ijtimaiyya: Jurnal Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam 10, no. 1 (2018): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/ijpmi.v10i1.2357.
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In Pringsewu district, divorce rates are still high. Since 2013, there were 80 divorce cases, in 2014, 89 and in 2015, 6380 divorce cases. Preservation of a marriage is not only sought after the occurrence of problems in the household, but it need before the wedding. Based on the Decree of the Director General of Islamic Guidance No. DJ.II / 542 of 2013, the Pre-Marriage Course conducted by BP4 for the bride and groom. This article describe the implementation of Pre-Marriage Courses in Pringsewu District KUA and its impact in reducing divorce rates. The conduct of Pre-Marriage Courses is still lacking or not optimal; either in terms of institutions, executors or resource persons, pre-facilities, financing, participants, and course materials. Pre-Marriage Course Policy has a stake in reducing the divorce rate, and encouraging the establishment of a sakinah family in the area
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Muposhi, Victor K., Edson Gandiwa, Paul Bartels, and Stanley M. Makuza. "Trophy Hunting, Conservation, and Rural Development in Zimbabwe: Issues, Options, and Implications." International Journal of Biodiversity 2016 (December 28, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8763980.
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Trophy hunting has potential to support conservation financing and contribute towards rural development. We conducted a systematic review of the Zimbabwean trophy hunting perspective spanning from pre-1890 to 2015, by examining the following: (1) evolution of legal instruments, administration, and governance of trophy hunting, (2) significance of trophy hunting in conservation financing and rural development, and (3) key challenges, emerging issues in trophy hunting industry, and future interventions. Our review shows that (i) there has been a constant evolution in the policies related to trophy hunting and conservation in Zimbabwe as driven by local and international needs; (ii) trophy hunting providing incentives for wildlife conservation (e.g., law enforcement and habitat protection) and rural communities’ development. Emerging issues that may affect trophy hunting include illegal hunting, inadequate monitoring systems, and hunting bans. We conclude that trophy hunting is still relevant in wildlife conservation and rural communities’ development especially in developing economies where conservation financing is inadequate due to fiscal constraints. We recommend the promotion of net conservation benefits for positive conservation efforts and use of wildlife conservation credits for the opportunity costs associated with reducing trophy hunting off-take levels and promoting nonconsumptive wildlife use options.
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Obiakor, Rowland Tochukwu, Olufunmilayo T. Afolayan, Adeniyi Marcus Oresanwo, and Johnson Ifeanyi Okoh. "Does Entrepreneurship Financing Create Employment in Nigeria? The Role of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs)." Economic Insights – Trends and Challenges 2021, no. 4 (2021): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/eitc.2021.04.08.
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The current level of unemployment in Nigeria in the recent times has been worrisome, and various advocacies by scholars and policy analysts have suggested that entrepreneurship, especially small and medium scale enterprises could generate employment in the large measures. Meanwhile, inadequate financing has been identified as a strong factor causing a setback to entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. Against this backdrop, this paper provided empirical answers to whether entrepreneurship financing, from the SMEs perspective could generate employment in Nigeria. In answering the research question, data were extracted from 1992 to 2019 from secondary sources. Consequently, the data passed through various pre-tests such as unit roots and Cointegration tests before it was estimated via the application of Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR). The findings of this study were summarized as follows; the Commercial Banks Loans to SMEs contributed both positive and significant impact to employment generation in Nigeria. Likewise, that Commercial Banks total credits to private sector contributed both positive and significant impact to employment generation in the country. Hence, this study submits that that entrepreneurship (SMEs) financing contributes to employment generation in Nigeria. In the light of the above submission, this study recommends that any time the policymakers in Nigeria desire to address the current devastating level of unemployment in Nigeria, financing of entrepreneurship, especially SMEs should be the priority of the government at levels in the country. And as such, employment generation will be stimulated in the long run.
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Sumar'in, Sumar'in, and Juliansyah Juliansyah. "STRATEGI MANAJEMEN RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH STUDI KASUS DI BTN SYARIAH YOGYAKARTA." ASY SYAR'IYYAH: JURNAL ILMU SYARI'AH DAN PERBANKAN ISLAM 1, no. 1 (2016): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32923/asy.v1i1.670.
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Awareness of the risks are well understood is an integral part of efforts to optimize the benefits of a business, especially in the business in the financial sector. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk management and strategies to deal with it in a murabaha financing in BTN Syariah Yogyakarta. Qualitative approach used in this study. While the data obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the management of risk in murabahah financing in BTN Syariah Yogyakarta must be doing by minimize the risk that happening, either ona precontractand postcontract. Mitigation pre-contract is done in compliance with Standard Operating Procedureset of internal bank, do selecting to mudharib’s candidate, and feasibility analysis mudharib’s candidate. While mitigating the risk of post-contract is used a standard system with computer technology with sigma program
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Türkcan, Kemal, and Veysel Avsar. "Investigating the Role of Contract Enforcement and Financial Costs on the Payment Choice: Industry-Level Evidence from Turkey." Global Economy Journal 16, no. 1 (2016): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gej-2015-0020.
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This paper examines the effect of legal and financial conditions on the payment contract choice by empirically testing the predictions of Schmidt-Eisenlohr’s (2013) model with actual bilateral industry level trade finance data (at 2-digit level) from Turkey. Our results show that an improvement in contract enforcement and an increase in the financing costs in the importing country (exporting country) increases (decreases) the share of post-shipment sales. For the share of pre-payment sales, the opposite effects are estimated. Finally, we find that share of post-shipment sales (pre-payment sales) increases (decreases) in the number of products traded between partners in the past.