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Koetting, Mark G., Joanna Grabarek, Vincent B. Van Hasselt, and Robert R. Hazelwood. "Criminally Committed Inpatients in a Residential Forensic Pre-Release Treatment Program." Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 37, no. 2 (September 18, 2003): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j076v37n02_06.
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Mielitz, Katherine (Kate) S., Maurice MacDonald, and Meghaan Lurtz. "Financial Literacy Education in a Work Release Program for an Incarcerated Sample." Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning 29, no. 2 (November 2018): 316–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.29.2.316.
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We obtained 180 pre- and post-test surveys to investigate how an established financial literacy program may have increased financial knowledge of residents in a work release program in Augusta, Georgia. Paired t tests analyzed changes in subjective and objective financial knowledge, understanding of banking and credit, and financial attitudes. OLS regressions of pre- and post-test financial knowledge were guided by human capital theory to learn which program participant characteristics were associated with greater increase in knowledge and infer why. Education, age, and use of financial tools were significant predictors in the pretest. Controlling for pretest knowledge, there were significant, positive differences from pre- to post-test, regardless of race. Implications for further research and specific suggestions for financial education content for the incarcerated are provided.
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Pajumpa, Wanna, Manop Kanato, and Kittima Momen. "A Prospective Study of Effectiveness of Pre-Release Intensive Program for Prisoners in Thailand." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/v11/i1/2020/ijphrd/194079.
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Hechanova, Ma Regina M., Jennel C. Reyes, Avegale C. Acosta, and Antover P. Tuliao. "Psychosocial treatment for incarcerated methamphetamine users: the Philippines experience." International Journal of Prisoner Health 16, no. 4 (August 17, 2020): 343–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-09-2019-0044.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate a psychosocial treatment program for prisoners incarcerated because of methamphetamine use. It compared the outcomes of prisoners who received the program while incarcerated, those who were released and received the treatment as part of community-based drug recovery program and a waitlist-control group (WC) with no treatment. Design/methodology/approach A quasi-experimental design was use with pre- and post-test surveys administered to three groups: a WC group, a pre-release treatment-while-incarcerated (TWI) group, and a post-release outpatient treatment group (OP). Surveys measured recovery skills, life skills and substance use disorder (SUD) symptoms were administered before and after the intervention. Findings Results revealed that at baseline OP and TWI had significant higher recovery skills compared to WC group. However, in terms of life skills, there was no significant difference observed among the WC, OP and TWI group at baseline. TWI had a significantly lower number of SUD symptoms compared to the WC group at baseline. As hypothesized, findings revealed significant changes in recovery and life skills among the OP and TWI group compared to the WC group. No significant change in SUD scores were observed for all groups. Research limitations/implications A major limitation of the study was the use of a quasi-experimental design because legal issues did not allow a randomized control trial. Future research using randomized controlled trial designs would provide more robust conclusions on the impact of the intervention. The study design was also limited to pre- and post-evaluation. Further studies are encouraged to look at longitudinal outcomes of appears on SUD symptoms and possibility of relapse. Practical implications Given that there were no significant differences in outcomes between OP and TWI groups, results suggest that the program may serve either as a pre- or post-release program for incarcerated drug users. However, results also suggest that completion is higher when the program is used as a pre-release program. Delivering the program prior to release also reduces challenges related to attrition including conflict in schedules and the lack of resources for transportation. Social implications The study suggests the value of psychosocial treatment as opposed to punitive approaches in dealing with drug use. In particular, delivering interventions prior to release can prepare participants for problems they may encounter during reintegration and prevent recidivism. In a country where drug-related killings are on the rise, the study presents an alternate and restorative justice approach. Originality/value The study addresses a dearth in the literature on psychosocial intervention for methamphetamine users. It also fills a vacuum in studies from developing countries such as the Philippines.
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Thompson, Scott A., James M. Loveland, and Iana A. Castro. "From rumor to release." European Journal of Marketing 53, no. 2 (February 11, 2019): 345–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-11-2015-0776.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of product release on word of mouth (WOM) behavior within and across rival online brand communities for technology products and evaluate competing predictions made by social identity theory and the group problem solving perspective of rumors. Design/methodology/approach In Study 1, 72,749 messages posted by 5,777 users over a 13-month period on two rival online brand forums were content analyzed using linguistic inquiry and word count, a linguistic content analysis program. In Study 2, two experiments were conducted to verify the theoretical explanation offered. Findings Marked differences were found as WOM transitioned from pre-release rumor to post-release facts. Prior to release, brand loyalists show an increased willingness to spread positive WOM about rival brands’ products. However, this willingness dissipated upon product release. This is in noted contrast to predictions made for experience goods. Research limitations/implications This study examines the uncertainty generated by a rival brand’s upcoming new product within a brand community. While centered on a technologically oriented consumer group, this study addresses a longstanding theoretical conundrum and provides interesting areas for future research. Practical implications Surprisingly, it is the most active and ostensibly loyal brand supporters who spread pre-release rumors about rival brands. Managers should not assume that “loyalists” will not seriously discuss the potential offerings of rival brands. Product rumors thus present rival marketers with a unique “move it or lose it” opportunity to spread positive buzz among rival brand loyalists. However, this window of opportunity closes rapidly upon product release. Originality/value This is the first paper to examine the nature of new product rumors at this scale, including both pre- and post-release WOM.
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Legaz-Arrese, Alejandro, Isaac López-Laval, Keith George, Juan José Puente-Lanzarote, Carmen Mayolas-Pi, Enrique Serrano-Ostáriz, Pablo Revilla-Martí, Diego Moliner-Urdiales, and Joaquín Reverter-Masià. "Impact of an endurance training program on exercise-induced cardiac biomarker release." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 308, no. 8 (April 15, 2015): H913—H920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00914.2014.
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We evaluated the influence of a 14-wk endurance running program on the exercise-induced release of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and NH2-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Fifty-eight untrained participants were randomized to supervised endurance exercise (14 wk, 3–4 days/wk, 120–240 min/wk, 65–85% of maximum heart rate) or a control group. At baseline and after the training program, hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP were assessed before and 5 min, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after a 60-min maximal running test. Before training, hs-cTnT was significantly elevated in both groups with acute exercise ( P < 0.0001) with no between-group differences. There was considerable heterogeneity in peak hs-cTnT concentration with the upper reference limit exceeded in 71% of the exercise tests. After training, both baseline and postexercise hs-cTnT were significantly higher compared with pretraining and the response of the control group ( P = 0.008). Acute exercise led to a small but significant increase in NT-proBNP, but this was not mediated by training ( P = 0.121). In summary, a controlled endurance training intervention resulted in higher pre- and postexercise values of hs-cTnT with no changes in NT-proBNP.
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Paluck, Elan, Dorothy Banka, Michelle C. E. McCarron, and Mamata Pandey. "Effectiveness of the Dedicated Substance Abuse Treatment Unit in the Regina Correctional Centre: A seven-year retrospective analysis." Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 2, no. 3 (December 22, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.53.
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The Dedicated Substance Abuse Treatment Unit (DSATU) is a specialized unit at the Regina Correctional Centre (RCC) that began providing comprehensive in patient addiction treatment to male sentenced offenders in 2008. The purpose of this paper is to report on the seven-year retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness of the DSATU. The study consisted of a retrospective analysis of the case files of DSATU participants (2008-09 to 2014-15 fiscal years; n=755) and a retrospective, case-control analysis of DSATU program data and Corrections’ Case Management Information System (CMIS) data from the Ministry of Justice. DSATU data spanned from 2008-2014, while CMIS data spanned from 2007-2015 (comparator group n = 535). The effectiveness of the DSATU was measured through Program Fidelity and Treatment Effectiveness, Changes in Institutional Misconduct upon completion of the program, and Changes in Contact with Correctional Services after leaving the correctional facility. Pre- and post-treatment measures of Treatment Effectiveness completed as part of the DSATU program were analyzed. Participants demonstrated statistically significant improvements in their knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and skills in dealing with substance abuse issues. In the period of time between completing the DSATU program and their release from the RCC, DSATU participants had: a significantly lower rate of Institutional Misconduct (disciplinary offenses) relative to the control group (25.3 vs. 45.8%); a significantly lower rate of re-contact with Correctional Services (recidivism) six months (17.3 vs. 26.4% for the control group) and 12 months (28.3 vs. 40.0%) post-release; and DSATU participants who came into contact with corrections post-release took longer to do so than those in the control group (251.0 days compared to 158.0 days). This study demonstrated that the DSATU program has been highly effective at reducing recidivism.
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Satria, Johan, Ratih Arruum Listiyandini, Rina Rahmatika, and Melok Roro Kinanthi. "PELATIHAN KEBERSYUKURAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EMOSI POSITIF." Jurnal ABDI 4, no. 2 (May 27, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ja.v4n2.p59-65.
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Training of gratitude is expected to grow these factors. Being grateful can lead to positive emotions that may create acceptance the conditions of self and positive social relationships. This training program was conducted for a full day, including induction and release of negative emotions, lesson about gratitude, mutual influence, contemplation, and pouring a sense of gratitude in writing. Training is given to 37 students of class X at SMKN 31 Jakarta. Pre and post test was conducted before and after training, using VAS (Visual Analog Scale) and PANAS (Positive affect-negative affect schedule). The effect of the training was analyzed by counting the change of mean from pre to post test score for each scale. The result showed that there are an increased of positive emotion score means after the training, from 6.92 to 7.41 for VAS and from 3.53 to 3.81 for PANAS score. Then it may concluded that the gratitude training program improve the positive emotion of the students.
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Divko, Louise Goldie. "2015 Onshore Petroleum Acreage Release." APPEA Journal 55, no. 1 (2015): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14009.
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Australian state and territory acreage opportunities and recent activities are summarised in this paper. Exploration opportunities continue to exist for petroleum explorers in onshore basins, including a number of sedimentary basins that have previously largely been overlooked, with an increased focus (and commercial success) on basin centred gas, tight gas and shale gas plays. Access to onshore acreage in Australia for petroleum exploration is, in most jurisdictions, by means of a formal release process with a work program bidding system. Over-the-counter applications are available in some states based on perceived basin prospectivity. Australian state and territory governments continue initiatives to encourage exploration to realise their natural resource endowments. This includes pre-competitive basin studies, cost-effective and speedy provision of digital exploration data, transparent regulatory regimes, provision of effective land access regimes, internationally competitive royalty regimes, and promotion of acreage releases nationally and internationally.
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Stritzinger, M. D., J. P. Anderson, C. Contreras, E. Heinrich-Josties, N. Morrell, M. M. Phillips, J. Anais, et al. "The Carnegie Supernova Project I." Astronomy & Astrophysics 609 (January 2018): A134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730842.
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The first phase of the Carnegie Supernova Project (CSP-I) was a dedicated supernova follow-up program based at the Las Campanas Observatory that collected science data of young, low-redshift supernovae between 2004 and 2009. Presented in this paper is the CSP-I photometric data release of low-redshift stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae. The data consist of optical (uBgVri) photometry of 34 objects, with a subset of 26 having near-infrared (YJH) photometry. Twenty objects have optical pre-maximum coverage with a subset of 12 beginning at least five days prior to the epoch of B-band maximum brightness. In the near-infrared, 17 objects have pre-maximum observations with a subset of 14 beginning at least five days prior to the epoch of J-band maximum brightness. Analysis of this photometric data release is presented in companion papers focusing on techniques to estimate host-galaxy extinction and the light-curve and progenitor star properties of the sample. The analysis of an accompanying visual-wavelength spectroscopy sample of ~150 spectra will be the subject of a future paper.
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Gaire, Sushil K., Md Jamil Hossain Biswas, Maurizio Benelli, Polychronis Rempoulakis, Phillip W. Taylor, and Bishwo P. Mainali. "Effect of Chilling on Quality Control Parameters of Sterile Queensland Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 114, no. 4 (May 22, 2021): 1674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab092.
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Abstract Queensland fruit fly (Q-fly), Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt), presents a major threat to Australian fruit production and trade. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is increasingly employed to manage Q-fly. Quality of sterile males released in SIT programs, and hence program efficacy, can be affected by pre- and post-production processes, such as mass rearing, packing, irradiation, transportation, and release. Given long distances from rear-out facilities to release sites, adult flies are usually chilled to reduce metabolism and stress during transportation. To guide SIT procedures, it is important to understand the impact of such practices on performance of sterile Q-fly. The present study assesses the effect of chilling temperature and exposure period on quality parameters of sterile Q-fly. We considered the effects of two temperature regimes (4 and 6°C) and six exposure periods (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 h) on chill-coma recovery time, flight ability, survival under nutritional stress, and longevity of both males and females. Flies chilled at 4°C took longer to recover than that those chilled at 6°C. Flight ability, survival under nutritional stress, and longevity all decreased as chilling period increased but did not differ between the two tested temperatures. We recommend that periods of chilling during transportation from rear-out facilities to release sites be minimized in order to retain quality of sterile Q-fly and that increased release rates be considered when longer chilling periods are required.
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Ario, Anton, Agus Priyono Kartono, Lilik Budi Prasetyo, and Jatna Supriatna. "Pre-Release Assessment for Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in The Javan Gibbon Center, Mount Gede Pangrango National Park." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 11, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.14670.
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Preparation for gibbons before being released into their habitat is crucial. Thus, there is a need for readiness assessment of Javan gibbon with several criteria derived from other species of gibbons to determine individual readiness. Pre-release assessment study for Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) had been conducted in January – February 2014, November – December 2014, and March-April 2016 in the Javan Gibbon Center, Mount Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. The objective of this research was to assess the readiness of Javan gibbon behavior prior to release. Data collection was conducted by focal animal sampling method with 5-minute interval recording time and ad libitum method. The average time allocations of Javan Gibbon activities were as follow: feeding (18.17±3.34%); moving (22.34±0.53%); resting (46.24±3.84%); socializing (10.13±4.33%); sexual activity (0.59±0.58%); and vocalizing (2.54±0.88%). The similarities of activity allocation from this study compared by wild Javan gibbons data found as follows: feeding by 33.03%, moving by 90.97%, resting by 61.52%, socializing by 38.09%, vocalizing by 75.02%, and sexual by 44.24%. Based on readiness assessment of 11 Javan gibbons, 3 individuals were considered almost ready for release, while 8 individuals were considered ready. The assessment of behaviors criteria for the readiness of Javan gibbons before release has not existed before. The results of this research are important as a recommendation for the management of wildlife rehabilitation and as a guideline in implementing the rehabilitation and reintroduction program of Javan gibbons.
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Atikasuri, Maya, Henny Suzana Mediani, and Nita Fitria. "Tingkat Kecemasan pada Andikpas Usia 14-18 Tahun Menjelang Bebas di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas II." Journal of Nursing Care 1, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jnc.v1i1.15773.
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Masalah kenakalan remaja telah menjadi salah satu masalah pokok yang dihadapi oleh Indonesia. Kejadian dan kualitas kenakalannya terus meningkat hingga menjurus pada tindak kriminalitas yang menyebabkan remaja terjerat di ranah hukum. Stigma negatif di masyarakat yang diberikan kepada mantan tahanan membuat Andikpas enggan keluar dari LPKA dan cenderung merasakan kecemasan menjelang masa kebebasannya, terlebih lagi usia remaja merupakan usia dimana keadaan emosional dan psikologis yang belum stabil membuat remaja mudah mengalami kecemasan dan berdampak tidak baik jika terus dibiarkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kecemasan pada Andikpas menjelang bebas di LPKA Kelas II Bandung.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-kuantitatif dan teknik consecutive sampling dengan populasi Andikpas menjelang bebas sebanyak 56 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) dengan skala likert.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 56 Andikpas yang diteliti hampir setengahnya yaitu 25 Andikpas (44,64%) tidak mengalami kecemasan, sementara sebagian besar Andikpas yang mengalami kecemasan yaitu 19 Andikpas (33,93%) mengalami kecemasan ringan-sedang, dan sebagian kecil yaitu sebanyak 9 Andikpas (16,07%) mengalami kecemasan berat, serta yang paling sedikit yaitu sebanyak 3 Andikpas (5,35%) mengalami panik.Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa hampir setengahnya dari Andikpas yang diteliti tidak mengalami kecemasan, namun lebih dari setengahnya juga Andikpas pada penelitian ini mengalami kecemasan baik dari tingkatan ringan sampai dengan panik. Peningkatan program pembinaan dan konseling serta pemberdayaan tenaga kesehatan di LPKA sangat dibutuhkan agar dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada Andikpas.Kata kunci : Andikpas, kenakalan remaja, menjelang bebas, tahanan. Description of Anxiety Disorder among Inmate 14–18 Years Old Pre Release at Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Class IIAbstractJuvenile delinquency has become one of the main problems in Indonesia. The incidence and mischievousness quality increase which is lead to crime action. This situation may cause adolescent entangled in the realm of law. The negative stigma in society given to inmates former make inmate reluctant to get out of LPKA and tends to feel anxiety ahead of their pre-release. Adolescent is a phase of a transitional period from children into adulthood where emotional and psychological states are not stable, and anxiety is need to be noticed. Moreover, psychological burden that experienced by adolescent was harder when they lived in LPKA. This study aims to identify anxiety scale of pre-release juvenile inmates at LPKA Class II Bandung.This study use quantitative descriptive research with cross-sectional approach and consecutive sampling technique with 56 pre-release juvenile inmates as population and used Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) with Likert Scale as data analyze. The result showed that 25 Andikpas (44.64%) did not experience anxiety, then most of them experienced anxiety with the explenation: 19 Andikpas (33,93%) experience mild-moderate anxiety, 9 Andikpas (16.07%) experiencing severe anxiety, and 3 Andikpas (5.35%) experiencing panic.The conclusion of this study is the level of anxiety experienced by Andikpas is nearly half of Andikpas did not experience anxiety, but more than half of Andikpas in this study experienced anxiety either from mild to panic levels. Improvement of coaching and counseling programs and the empowerment of health workers in LPKA is needed to reduce the level of anxiety in Andikpas.Keyword: Andikpas, inmates, juvenile delinquency, pre-release.
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Kakakhel, Syed Fazal Baqi, NaveedUl Haq, and Ejaz Ul Haq. "CAPTIVE BREEDING AND REINTRODUCTION OF BLACK FRANCOLIN, GREY FRANCOLIN AND CHUKAR PARTRIDGE (2015-2020) IN DISTRICT DIR LOWER, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN." European Journal of Biology 5, no. 2 (November 23, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejb.608.
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Purpose: The ex-situ conservation aims to discover new populations or supports the populations that yet survive in the wild. To breed animals in captivity and release them in their natural control habitats is one of the conservation methods. Amongst other species partridges also breed in captivity and can be release in the wild but presently data lacking, need to examine. Chukar partridge, Black francolin and Grey francolin are used for sports hunting in Pakistan. The available record on captive breeding of Chukar partridge, Black francolin and Grey francilin and their release in the wild for the years 2015-2020 was reviewed using a developed questionnaire.
Methodology: Review record of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife Department Pakistan through a developed questionnaire
Findings: It was found that the maximum number of chukar partridge breed was 36, Black francolin (6) and Grey francolin (24). Out of the breeding stock, Chukar partridges (44) and Grey francolin (28) were released in the wild to its natural habitat by hard release technique.
Unique contribution to the theory, practice and policy: The researchers recommended decrease in dissimilarity of habitat quality between breeding center environment and the release habitat besides providing a pre-release training to the release experts so as to improve habitat selection and survival of captive-bred. This study will help researchers for further in depth study in the area and will also facilitate conservation organization in making captive breeding of partridges as a successful program.
Key words: Partridges, Captive breeding, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Wendt, Sarah, and Heather Fraser. "Promoting gender responsive support for women inmates: a case study from inside a prison." International Journal of Prisoner Health 15, no. 2 (June 10, 2019): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-03-2018-0011.
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Purpose Most women who serve time in prison will eventually be released and expected to reintegrate back into society. To maximize the chances of success, careful support is usually required. An example of this support work was the Healthy Relationships Program (HRP, 2016) offered to women inmates of the Adelaide Women’s Prison (South Australia) pre-release. The content of the HRP was influenced by a gender-responsive framework and constructed as a social work program. The purpose of this paper is to report on a small qualitative study that used semi-structured interviews pre- and post-program to explore women participants’ expectations, perceptions and experiences of the program. In this paper, the focus is on the women inmates’ interview transcripts where a thematic analysis was conducted. Two main research questions drove this analysis. First: How did the women experience the HRP? Second: What does their reported experience reveal about the ongoing need for gender-responsive support? The key findings are that domestic violence and relationships with children are strong motivators for participation in programs; therefore, gender-responsive support is still required in prison programs. However, the paper also advocates that future iterations of gender-responsive support and social work interventions become more consciously intersectional feminist in orientation. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative design was used to explore what women thought the HRP taught them. Individual face-to-face interviews were used to explore women’s perceptions, ideas and experiences of healthy relationships. Thematic analysis was used to draw out the themes across interviews. Findings The key arguments made are that gender-responsive support is still required but that future iterations of gender-responsive support become more consciously intersectional feminist in orientation. Research limitations/implications The researchers experienced strict time restrictions to conduct interviews and therefore depth was somewhat compromised. To try and compensate for this restriction, the researchers visited potential participants as part of program recruitment and information sharing to help enable and build general rapport before the interviews. Time restrictions and prison security protocols did not allow for researchers to check transcripts with the women. Practical implications Reporting on this case study also showed that social work practice can influence relationships with institutions, such as prisons, that perpetrate marginalization and therefore enable a setting that facilitates safe participation in programs. Social implications Gender-responsive frameworks provide the much needed validation of gender differences, but also require a feminist intersectional lens to more consciously aid in the conceptualization and evaluation of future programs for women in prison. It is this intersectional lens that is more likely to bring multiple experiences of oppression into focus so that personal issues and problems can be analyzed in a richer wider social context, particularly intersections between gender, class and/ethnicity race. Originality/value This paper has reported on women’s expectations and experiences of a health relationships program and provides insight and learnings for future practitioners intending to run similar programs. Overall, the women participants were able to articulate their own personal learnings about interpersonal relationships and were able to acknowledge the impacts of abuse and violence in their lives in the program.
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Dyl, Krzysztof, and Grzegorz Janicki. "DOZÓR ELEKTRONICZNY." Zeszyty Prawnicze 5, no. 2 (June 14, 2017): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2005.5.2.09.
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Electronic MonitoringSummaryThe main reason for bringing up the idea of electronic monitoring program is not only the bill submitted by a group of members of parliament, but also its advantages for offenders and the society.The concept of electronic monitoring of offenders, first conceived by an American psychologist, Dr. Robert Schweitzgebel in the 1960s, has been developed and implemented in many countries (USA, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, Sweden and Holland.) Programs based on electronic monitoring provide offenders with a more human contact and give opportunities for rehabilitation and reintegration. Electronic monitoring can be used on a number of offenders and suspect groups and situations, including pre-trial defendants, defendants on a conditional release and convicts on probation, parole or house arrest. Electronic monitoring also seems to be an efficient way to keep the budgets under control.The article presents the main problems connected with the idea of electronic monitoring, such as: technical and criminological aspects, aspects related to human rights - the right to privacy, the right to equality - influence on the offender’s family, chances to avoid negative consequences of incarceration. It is certain that bringing electronic monitoring program into effect in Poland should be preceded by a thorough analysis of programs already introduced in other countries - that is why the article tries to compare and contrast programs effective in some of the countries (United Kingdom, Germany, United States, Australia). Furthermore the article presents opinions on the electronic monitoring expressed by Polish probation officers and penal judges as well as their hopes and anxieties.
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Provencher, Matthew T., Hannah Kirby, Lucas S. McDonald, Petar Golijanin, Daniel Gross, Kevin J. Campbell, Lance LeClere, George Sanchez, Shawn Anthony, and Anthony A. Romeo. "Surgical Release of the Pectoralis Minor Tendon for Scapular Dyskinesia and Shoulder Pain." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 1 (September 30, 2016): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516664720.
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Background: Pectoralis minor (PM) tightness has been linked to pain and dysfunction of the shoulder joint secondary to anterior tilt and internal rotation of the scapula, thus causing secondary impingement of the subacromial space. Purpose: To describe outcomes pertaining to nonoperative and operative treatment via surgical release of the PM tendon for pathologic PM tightness in an active population. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Over a 3-year period, a total of 46 patients were enrolled (mean age, 25.5 years; range, 18-33 years). Inclusion criteria consisted of symptomatic shoulder pain, limited range of overhead motion, inability to participate in overhead lifting activities, and examination findings consistent with scapular dysfunction secondary to a tight PM with tenderness to palpation of the PM tendon. All patients underwent a lengthy physical therapy and stretching program (mean, 11.4 months; range, 3-23 months), which was followed by serial examinations for resolution of symptoms and scapular tilt. Of the 46 patients, 6 (13%) were unable to adequately stretch the PM and underwent isolated mini-open PM release. Outcomes were assessed with scapula protraction measurements and pain scales as well as American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Results: Forty of the 46 patients (87%) resolved the tight PM and scapular-mediated symptoms with a dedicated therapy program (pre- and posttreatment mean outcome scores: 58 and 91 [ASES], 50 and 90 [SANE], 4.9 and 0.8 [VAS]; P < .01 for all), but 6 patients were considered nonresponders (mean score, 48 [ASES], 40 [SANE], 5.9 [VAS]) and elected to have surgical PM release, with improved scores in all domains (mean score, 89 [ASES], 90.4 [SANE], 0.9 [VAS]; P < .01) at final follow-up of 26 months (range, 25-30 months). Additionally, protraction of the scapula improved from 1.2 to 0.3 cm in a mean midline measurement from the chest wall preoperatively to postoperatively ( P < .01), similar to results in nonoperative responders. No surgical complications were reported, and all patients returned to full activities. Conclusion: In most patients, PM tightness can be successfully treated with a nonoperative focused PM stretching program. However, in refractory and pathologically tight PM cases, this series demonstrates predictable return to function with notable improvement in shoulder symptoms after surgical release of the PM. Additional research is necessary to evaluate the long-term efficacy of isolated PM treatment.
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Purtill, James. "A new compact for communities, government and the resources sector." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17065.
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The growth of coal seam gas production in the Surat and Bowen Basins sparked an exploration and development rush for which few were prepared. Lessons learned suggest that a much greater level of community engagement early on is needed, particularly in frontier basins, to support a social licence for the minerals and energy sector and successful co-existence. The Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy releases an Annual Exploration Program (AEP) identifying acreage releases for coal, minerals and petroleum and gas resources typically for cash and non-cash tenders. Historically these releases have occurred with little prior engagement with directly affected communities. In a changing environment in which communities are demanding greater levels of consultation, higher performance standards and greater transparency, this approach needed reform. In 2016, the AEP took a radically different approach. For the first time, the AEP introduced pre-release engagement with directly affected landholders and occupiers, traditional owners, community groups and local governments within the release areas to ensure all stakeholders are fully informed. These stakeholders are now notified earlier in the AEP timeline, with a range of supporting engagement opportunities also available following the release. These engagement activities promote transparency and enable directly affected stakeholders to access the information they need to be better prepared for potential future exploration. Early results show a high level of appreciation by stakeholders for the early notification, and a willingness to be kept informed of the process. This is particularly the case in the frontier basins. The broader community can also access AEP information via the department’s website and online interactive mapping programs.
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Bernecker, Thomas, Steve Abbott, George Bernardel, Megan Lech, Ryan Owens, Tegan Smith, and Jennifer Totterdell. "The 2017 offshore acreage release areas: petroleum geological overview." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16029.
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In 2017, 21 new offshore petroleum exploration areas have been released. The majority of the areas are located along the North West Shelf spanning the Westralian Superbasin from the Bonaparte Basin in the north-east to the Northern Carnarvon Basin in the south-west. New areas have been released in offshore south-eastern Australia with new opportunities provided in the Otway, Bass and Gippsland basins. Two large areas in the northern Perth Basin, an offshore frontier, complete the 2017 Acreage Release. All Release Areas are supported by industry nominations and one new cash bid area has been offered in the Dampier Sub-basin. Geoscience Australia continues to support industry activities by acquiring, interpreting and integrating pre-competitive datasets that are made freely available as part of the agency’s regional petroleum geological studies. A new regional 2D seismic survey was acquired in the Houtman Sub-basin of the Perth Basin, forming the basis of the latest prospectivity study carried out by Geoscience Australia. The results of the study are presented in the technical program of the 2017 APPEA conference. A wealth of seismic and well data, submitted under the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006 (OPGSSA) are made available through the National Offshore Petroleum Information Management System (NOPIMS). Additional datasets are accessible through Geoscience Australia’s data repository.
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Kendrick, D. W., B. C. Chenevert, B. Trueblood, J. Tonouchi, S. P. Lawlor, and R. Steele. "Combustion System Development for the Ramgen Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 125, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 885–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1586314.
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The research and development of a unique combustion engine is presented. The engine converts the thrust from ramjet modules located on the rim of a disk into shaft torque, which in turn can be used for electrical power generation or mechanical drive applications. A test program was undertaken that included evaluation of the pre-prototype engine and incorporation of improvements to the thrust modules and supporting systems. Fuel mixing studies with vortex generators and bluff-body flame holders demonstrated the importance of increasing the shear-layer area and spreading angle to augment flame volume. Evaluation of flame-holding configurations (with variable fuel injection methods) concluded that the heat release zone, and therefore combustion efficiency, could be manipulated by judicious selection of bluff-body geometry, and is less influenced by fuel injection distribution. Finally, successful operation of novel fuel and cooling air delivery systems have resolved issues of gas (fuel and air) delivery to the individual rotor segments. The lessons learned from the pre-prototype engine are currently being applied to the development of a 2.8MW engine.
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Bernecker, Thomas, Tehani Kuske, Bridgette Lewis, and Tegan Smith. "The hydrocarbon potential of the 2015 Offshore Acreage Release Areas for petroleum exploration." APPEA Journal 55, no. 1 (2015): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14007.
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The Australian Government formally releases new offshore exploration areas at the annual APPEA conference. These areas are located across various offshore hydrocarbon provinces ranging from mature basins with ongoing oil and gas production to exploration frontiers. A total of 23 areas are released for work-program bidding and six areas for cash bidding (Fig. 1). The two work-program bidding rounds will remain open until 29 October 2015 and 21 April 2016, respectively, while cash bid submissions will close on 4 February 2016. The 2015 Release Areas are located in 13 distinct geological provinces across eight basins and all were supported by industry nominations. Six areas are located in the Bonaparte Basin, two of which are cash bid areas over the Turtle/Barnett oil accumulations. In the Browse Basin, three areas in the Caswell Sub-basin and one area on the Yampi Shelf are released. In support of recent exploration activities and success, one large area has been gazetted in the central Roebuck Basin. The Northern Carnarvon Basin offering comprises 11 areas on the Exmouth Plateau and in the Dampier Sub-basin, including four for cash bidding. This year, the usual predominance of North West Shelf Release Areas is counterbalanced by seven large areas in the Bight, Otway, Sorell and Gippsland basins. This includes one area in the Ceduna Sub-basin, three areas in the deepwater Otway Basin, one area in the northern Sorell Basin and two areas in the southeastern Gippsland Basin. The nominations received for these areas highlights the industry’s interest in evaluating the hydrocarbon potential of Australia’s underexplored southern margin. Geoscience Australia continues to support industry activities by acquiring, interpreting and integrating pre-competitive datasets that are made freely available as part of the agency’s regional petroleum geological studies.
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Marsh, Joseph A., Matthew I. Wagshol, Kyle J. Boddy, Michael E. O’Connell, Sam J. Briend, Kyle E. Lindley, and Alex Caravan. "Effects of a six-week weighted-implement throwing program on baseball pitching velocity, kinematics, arm stress, and arm range of motion." PeerJ 6 (November 23, 2018): e6003. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6003.
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Background Weighted-baseball training programs are used at the high school, collegiate, and professional levels of baseball. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a six-week training period consisting of weighted implements, manual therapy, weightlifting, and other modalities on shoulder external rotation, elbow valgus stress, pitching velocity, and kinematics. Hypothesis A six-week training program that includes weighted implements will increase pitching velocity along with concomitant increases in arm angular velocities, joint kinetics, and shoulder external rotation. Methods Seventeen collegiate and professional baseball pitchers (age range 18–23, average: 19.9 ± 1.3) training at Driveline Baseball were evaluated via a combination of an eight-camera motion-capture system, range-of-motion measurements and radar- and pitch-tracking equipment, both before and after a six-week training period. Each participant received individualized training programs, with significant overlap in training methods for all athletes. Twenty-eight biomechanical parameters were computed for each bullpen trial, four arm range-of-motion measurements were taken, and pitching velocities were recorded before and after the training period. Pre- and post-training period data were compared via post-hoc paired t tests. Results There was no change in pitching velocity across the seventeen subjects. Four biomechanical parameters for the holistic group were significantly changed after the training period: internal rotational velocity was higher (from 4,527 ± 470 to 4,759 ± 542 degrees/second), shoulder abduction was lower at ball release (96 ± 7.6 to 93 ± 5.4°), the shoulder was less externally rotated at ball release (95 ± 15 to 86 ± 18°) and shoulder adduction torque was higher (from 103 ± 39 to 138 ± 53 N-m). Among the arm range of motion measurements, four were significantly different after the training period: the shoulder internal rotation range of motion and total range of motion for both the dominant and non-dominant arm. When the group was divided into those who gained pitching velocity and those who did not, neither group showed a significant increase in shoulder external rotation, or elbow valgus stress. Conclusions Following a six-week weighted implement program, pitchers did not show a significant change in velocity, joint kinetics, or shoulder external rotation range of motion. When comparing pitchers who gained velocity versus pitchers who did not, no statistically significant changes were seen in joint kinetics and shoulder range of motion.
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Stacey, N. H., C. J. Bishop, J. W. Halliday, W. J. Halliday, W. G. Cooksley, L. W. Powell, and J. F. Kerr. "Apoptosis as the mode of cell death in antibody-dependent lymphocytotoxicity." Journal of Cell Science 74, no. 1 (March 1, 1985): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.74.1.169.
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A light and electron microscopic study of antibody-dependent lymphocytotoxicity was carried out with the object of elucidating the mechanisms responsible for the cell killing, the basis for the research being the relationship that has recently been shown to exist between the morphology of cell death and its pathogenesis. Chang liver cells coated with a rabbit anti-human antibody were used as targets and normal human peripheral-blood lymphocytes as effector cells. Cytotoxicity assays using release of 51Cr demonstrated extensive K-cell killing, thus validating the suitability of the model for morphological studies. Cell death displaying the features of apoptosis correlated with K-cell activity. A small amount of cell death by classical necrosis was observed, but its extent appeared to be unrelated to the presence of lymphocytes, to pre-treatment of the target cells with antibody, or to the magnitude of 51Cr release. The results support evidence indicating that lymphocytotoxicity depends on activation of a self-destruct program within the target cell. They do not favour a mechanism involving the production of plasma membrane lesions analogous to those responsible for complement-mediated immune cytolysis.
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Bernecker, Thomas, Ryan Owens, Andrew Kelman, and Kamal Khider. "Geological overview of the 2021 offshore acreage release areas." APPEA Journal 61, no. 2 (2021): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj20113.
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In 2021, a total of 21 areas were released for offshore petroleum exploration. They are located in the Bonaparte Basin, Browse Basin, Northern Carnarvon Basin, Otway Basin, Sorell Basin and Gippsland Basin. Despite COVID-19 negatively impacting the industry, participation in the acreage release nomination process was again robust. However, as has been the case in recent years, industry interest is focussed on those areas that are close to existing discoveries and related infrastructure. In tune with the Australian government’s resource development strategy, the areas being offered for exploration are likely to supply extra volumes of natural gas, both for export to Southeast Asian markets and domestically to meet the forecasted shortage in supply to eastern Australia. According to the 2019 implementation of a modified release process, only one period for work program bidding has been scheduled. The closing date for all submissions is Thursday, 3 March 2022. Geoscience Australia continues to support industry activities by acquiring, interpreting and integrating pre-competitive datasets that are made freely available in the context of the agency’s regional petroleum geological studies. As part of a multidisciplinary study, new data, including regional seismic and petroleum systems modelling, for the Otway Basin are now available. Also, a stratigraphic/sedimentological review of the upper Permian to Early Triassic succession in the southern Bonaparte Basin has been completed, the results of which are being presented at this APPEA conference. Large seismic and well data sets, submitted under the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006 (OPGSSA), are made available through the National Offshore Petroleum Information Management System (NOPIMS). Additional data and petroleum-related information can be accessed through Geoscience Australia’s data repository.
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Bernecker, Thomas, George Bernardel, Claire Orlov, and Nadège Rollet. "Petroleum geology of the 2018 offshore acreage release areas." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17056.
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A total of 21 areas were released in 2018 for offshore petroleum exploration. They are located in the Bonaparte, Browse, Northern Carnarvon, Bight, Otway and Gippsland basins. All release areas were supported by industry nominations, indicating that interest in exploring Australia’s offshore basins remains strong, despite the significant decrease in the number of exploration wells drilled in recent years. Sixteen areas are being released under the work program bidding system with two rounds, one closing on 18 October 2018 and the other on 21 March 2019. Five areas are being released for cash bidding and include the producible La Bella gas accumulation in the Otway Basin. Prequalification for participation in the cash-bid auction closes on 4 October 2018 with the auction scheduled for 7 February 2019. Geoscience Australia continues to support industry activities by acquiring, interpreting and integrating pre-competitive datasets that are made freely available as part of the agency’s regional petroleum geological studies. The regional evaluation of the petroleum systems in the Browse Basin has been completed and work continues on assessing the distribution of Early Triassic source rocks and related petroleum occurrences across the North West Shelf. A wealth of seismic and well data, submitted under the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006, are made available through the National Offshore Petroleum Information Management System. Additional datasets are accessible through Geoscience Australia’s data repository.
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Zhang, Xini, Zhen Luo, Junqing Wang, Yang Yang, and Weijie Fu. "Ultrasound-Based Mechanical Adaptation of Achilles Tendon After 12-Week Running with Minimalist Shoes." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 1205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2020.2997.
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This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 12-week running program using minimalist shoes on ultrasoundbased mechanical adaptation of Achilles tendon (AT). Fifteen male recreational runners accustomed to run in standard cushioned shoes with rearfoot strike pattern were recruited. They were required to wear minimalist shoes without a compulsory transition in foot strike pattern, and be involved in a 12-week running program. Before and after the intervention, the cross-sectional area of AT was collected in the prone position via an ultrasound device. The ankle plantarflexion moment, recorded on an isokinetic dynamometer, was synchronized to the image changes in vivo AT length. Intraclass correlation coefficient was determined to evaluate the intraand interobserver variabilities. Paired t-test was used to quantify the effects of training program (pre- and posttraining) on each variable of the cross-sectional area, AT force, AT stress, and AT strain during an isometric contraction. Seven participants dropped out after the intervention. The results showed that the intraclass correlation coefficients for the intra- and interobserver reliabilities were good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.895–0.996) for the cross-sectional area and elongation. After 12-week running with minimalist shoes, plantarflexion moment, AT force, AT stress, and AT strain significantly increased during an isometric contraction (P < 0.05). The mechanical adaptation of AT improved after 12-week running with minimalist shoes by more efficient energy storage and release, which could prevent or reduce the risk of injury potentially.
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Mousavi, Seyed Hossein, Hooman Minoonejad, Reza Rajabi, and Foad Seidi. "Follow-up Comparison of the Effect of Eight-weeks Corrective Exercises With and Without Myofascial Release on Postural Kyphosis Deformity." Journal of Exercise Science and Medicine 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jesm.11.1.1.
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Introduction: The present research aimed to compare and follow-up the effect of 8-week corrective exercises with and without the myofascial release on functional kyphosis deformity in young adults. Methods: It was a randomized controlled trial in the university laboratory. Forty-five male students suffering from abnormal hyperkyphosis deformity (kyphosis of more than 42°) were selected and randomly assigned to three groups: corrective exercises, combinational exercises (corrective and myofascial release), and control. The Mean±SD age, height, and weight of the study sample were 22.12±2.88 years, 175.44±6.80 cm, and 71.21±7.31 kg, respectively. The study groups did the exercises for 8 weeks, under the direct observation of the researchers. The kyphosis angle of the participants was measured using a flexible ruler, at the baseline, post-test, and follow-up (4 weeks after the end of the exercises) stages. The collected data were analyzed with repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) tests. Results: After 8 weeks of exercises, the degree of kyphosis in the post-test and follow-up stages was significantly lower than that in the pre-test, in both training groups. The results of the ANCOVA test demonstrated that the thoracic kyphosis degree in the combinational exercises group was significantly lower than that of the corrective exercises group (P≤0.05), in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: According to the results, the corrective exercises program in combination with the myofascial release is more effective than the corrective exercises alone, in correcting the thoracic kyphosis deformity.
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Ghiringhelli, Aron, Gianni Boris Pezzatti, and Marco Conedera. "Das Konzept «Waldbrand 2020» des Kantons Tessin." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 170, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 242–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2019.0242.
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The “forest fire 2020” program of Canton Ticino The Canton of Ticino has a long-lasting experience in facing forest fires. As a result, a tradition in forest fire documentation and analysis exists and the forest fire management approach is continuously reviewed and improved with the aim to preserve the forest protection functions and to keep the mountain areas safe for the inhabitants. The fire regime has been reduced in Ticino since the seventies of last century thanks to improvement of the firefighting organization and fire control techniques (e.g. systematic use of helicopters for the aerial fire control) and the possibility of declaring a total fire ban in the open. However the demand in terms of protection of human lives and goods of the modern society is raising and as consequence of the climate change fire risk may increase in the future. For this reason two years ago the forest service of Canton Ticino developed the “forest fire 2020” program, in collaboration with the cantonal fire brigades association and the federal research Institute WSL. The program consists of four interdependent activity modules, which are 1) prevention, 2) organizational and technical measures, 3) firefighting and control, 4) burnt area restoration. The forest service is responsible for the fire-danger rating, the fire-ban release, the mentoring of local authorities in forest management questions and for planning pre-suppression facilities (e.g. water points for helicopters). It is also responsible for defining the mission rules for aerial firefighting, for collecting the data for the statistics, and for planning the post-fire forest restoration measures. The fire brigades are in charge of the firefighting tasks, by first intervening with the urban fire brigades and in case of need requiring the support of specialized forest-fire brigades. During the firefighting actions the forest service takes a consulting role. The first two years of implementation confirmed the suitability of the “forest fire 2020” program. Potential improvements have been however detected and are under implementation, such as the completion of the pre-suppression infrastructures, a better coordination between aerial and terrestrial firefighting and the strengthening of the specialized forest-fire brigades.
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Kurjum, Mohammad, Abdul Muhid, and Muhammad Thohir. "THINK-PAIR-SHARE MODEL AS SOLUTION TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING IN ISLAMIC STUDIES: IS IT EFFECTIVE?" Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan 39, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/cp.v39i1.28762.
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One type of cooperative learning methods is Think Pair Share (TPS). This study aimed at examining the contribution of the TPS method in increasing students' critical thinking in Islamic studies. Particularly, the study investigated the significances of the difference between learned students using TPS method and conventional method, and the effectiveness of TPS learning method. This study used an experimental group and a control group. It is a quasi-experiment with pre-test and post-tests non equivalent control group design. The population of this research are students who take courses in Islamic studies. Samples are taken randomly by taking two classes for an experimental class and a control class. The technique of collecting data was tests, while the technique of data analysis used the statistical technique of t-test (independent and paired samples) within the application of the SPSS release 24 program. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant difference (sig .000) between groups of students who are taught by the TPS Method and conventional Method. In addition, the TPS method has also proven to be effective for teaching Islamic studies which shows a significant difference (sig .000) between the pre-test and post-test.
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Le Meur, Yann, Julien Louis, Anaël Aubry, Jacques Guéneron, Aurélien Pichon, Karine Schaal, Jean-Benoît Corcuff, Stéphane N. Hatem, Richard Isnard, and Christophe Hausswirth. "Maximal exercise limitation in functionally overreached triathletes: role of cardiac adrenergic stimulation." Journal of Applied Physiology 117, no. 3 (August 1, 2014): 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00191.2014.
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Functional overreaching (F-OR) induced by heavy load endurance training programs has been associated with reduced heart rate values both at rest and during exercise. Because this phenomenon may reflect an impairment of cardiac response, this research was conducted to test this hypothesis. Thirty-five experienced male triathletes were tested (11 control and 24 overload subjects) before overloading (Pre), immediately after overloading (Mid), and after a 2-wk taper period (Post). Physiological responses were assessed during an incremental cycling protocol to volitional exhaustion, including catecholamines release, oxygen uptake (V̇o2), arteriovenous O2 difference, cardiac output (Q̇), and systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Twelve subjects of the overload group developed signs of F-OR at Mid (decreased performance with concomitant high perceived fatigue), while 12 others did not [acute fatigue group (AF)]. V̇o2max was reduced only in F-OR subjects at Mid. Lower Q̇ and SBP values with greater arteriovenous O2 difference were reported in F-OR subjects at all exercising intensities, while no significant change was observed in the control and AF groups. A concomitant decrease in epinephrine excretion was reported only in the F-OR group. All values returned to baseline at Post. Following an overload endurance training program leading to F-OR, the cardiac response to exhaustive exercise is transiently impaired, possibly due to reduced epinephrine excretion. This finding is likely to explain the complex process of underperformance syndrome experienced by F-OR endurance athletes during heavy load programs.
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Gammie, S. C., and J. W. Truman. "Eclosion hormone provides a link between ecdysis-triggering hormone and crustacean cardioactive peptide in the neuroendocrine cascade that controls ecdysis behavior." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 4 (February 15, 1999): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.4.343.
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Three insect peptide hormones, eclosion hormone (EH), ecdysis-triggering hormone (ETH) and crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP), have been implicated in controlling ecdysis behavior in insects. This study examines the interactions between these three peptides in the regulation of the ecdysis sequence. Using intracellular recordings, we found that ETH is a potent activator of the EH neurons, causing spontaneous action potential firing, broadening of the action potential and an increase in spike peak amplitude. In turn, electrical stimulation of the EH neurons or bath application of EH to desheathed ganglia resulted in the elevation of cyclic GMP (cGMP) levels within the Cell 27/704 group (which contain CCAP). This cGMP production increases the excitability of these neurons, thereby facilitating CCAP release and the generation of the ecdysis motor program. Extracellular recordings from isolated nervous systems show that EH has no effect on nervous systems with an intact sheath. In desheathed preparations, in contrast, EH causes only the ecdysis motor output. The latency from EH application to ecdysis was longer than that after CCAP application, but shorter than that when ETH is applied to a whole central nervous system. These data, along with previously published results, support a model in which ETH causes pre-ecdysis behavior and at higher concentrations stimulates the EH neurones. EH release then facilitates the onset of ecdysis by enhancing the excitability of the CCAP neurons.
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Lee, Eul-Bum, Douglas Alleman, David Thomas, and Chang-Mo Kim. "INTEGRATING CA4PRS V.3 ROAD WIDENING SCHEDULE MODULE INTO US HIGHWAY EARLY CONSTRUCTABILITY PROCESS: CALIFORNIA SR-91 CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM CASE STUDY." Transport 35, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11650.
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Performing Constructability Review Processes (CRPs) during the highway design development has been found to save transportation agencies twice their input costs. However, existing literature has identified three areas of CRP improvement: reduction of required agency resources, incorporation of Road User Cost (RUC) scheduling constraints, and integration of assessment visualizations. The authors propose to fill this gap by integrating the Construction Analysis for Pavement Rehabilitation Strategies (CA4PRS) v.3 software into the CRP. This module provides agencies with road widening project schedule capabilities, which enhances CRPs by providing accurate RUC-constrained critical path schedules using minimal resources. The module was developed through interviews with subject matter experts from six public and two private California transportation organizations. Said experts also tested the CA4PRS v.3 alpha and beta pre-release versions using data collected from eight Caltrans road widening projects. The potential value-adding of integrating the CA4PRS v.3 software with existing CRPs has been tested through its application on the California State Road 91 (SR-91) Corridor Improvement Program (CIP), resulting in 24-months of construction acceleration. The findings and presentation of the schedule model within this paper provide practitioners an accurate and resource-efficient tool to estimate the schedule impacts of road widening constructability options.
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Sayour, Elias Joseph, Adam Grippin, and Duane Anthony Mitchell. "Overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint blockade with RNA-loaded nanoparticles." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2017): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.7_suppl.117.
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117 Background: While checkpoint blockade has shown promising survival benefits in patients with solid tumors, immune escape through loss of MHCI expression juxtaposed to an immunoregulatory milieu remain significant hurdles. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel treatment platform, which leverages the use of commercially available and clinically translatable nanoparticles (NPs) that can be combined with tumor-derived RNA to activate systemic immunity and re-program the intratumoral microenvironment from a regulatory into an immune activated locale. Methods: Since local vaccination strategies are mired with poor immunogenicity, we assessed if i.v. delivery of tumor-derived RNA encapsulated in lipophilic NPs could activate peripheral and intratumoral antigen presenting cells (APCs) for induction of therapeutic anti-tumor immunity in pre-clinical murine melanoma models. Results: We identified a clinically translatable NP formulation that when administered intravenously, mediates release of inflammatory cytokines (i.e. CCL2, IFN-alpha) into serum, systemically activates host APCs in reticuloendothelial organs, and induces precipitous upregulation of MHCI and immune activation markers (i.e. CD86) within the tumor microenvironment. Both model-antigen encoding RNA and physiologically-relevant tumor-derived RNA, when encapsulated in NPs, could expand potent anti-tumor T-cell immunity. We demonstrated that RNA-NPs harness the anti-viral defense mechanism against tumor antigens in a type I interferon dependent manner, and can be further engineered to deliver combinatorial therapies by co-encapsulating mRNAs encoding for immunomodulatory molecules (i.e. HCV PAMPs, GM-CSF). In a pre-clinical melanoma model, RNA-NPs mediate anti-tumor efficacy and significantly enhance activity of immune checkpoint mAbs when used in combination. Conclusions: By employing a systemic RNA-NP formulation encoding for both tumor RNAs and immunomodulatory molecules, as an innovative and versatile platform for delivering combinatorial therapeutics via a single treatment modality, this platform can be harnessed to simultaneously target tumor antigens and re-program the intratumoral microenvironment
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Anderson, Judy, Kate Wilson, Debbie Tully, and Jenni Way. "“Can We Build the Wind Powered Car Again?” Students’ and Teachers’ Responses to a New Integrated STEM Curriculum." Journal of Research in STEM Education 5, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51355/jstem.2019.61.
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Recently, STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) education has become a focus in the Australian context, particularly since the release of government-initiated reports into Australia’s falling performance on international tests and fewer enrolments in senior school STEM subjects and university STEM degrees. Since student engagement in STEM subjects begins to decline in primary school (Kindergarten to grade 6 in Australia [5-12 years of age]), addressing engagement and achievement in the STEM subjects requires support for teachers to design curriculum that enthuses students and develops their understanding of the role of the STEM subjects in solving real-world problems. To that end, a year-long professional learning program was developed to assist small teams of teachers from each of 13 primary schools in designing integrated STEM curriculum approaches. To determine the impact of the program on teachers’ capacity to design integrated STEM curriculum and on students’ STEM attitudes and aspirations, data were collected using both qualitative and quantitative research methods. This paper presents a case study of one of the participating primary schools. From the 44 grade 3 students who completed both pre- and post-surveys, students’ attitudes and aspirations towards the STEM subjects showed significant positive shifts. Analyses of school documents and transcripts of interviews with four teachers and a group of four students from the school enabled.
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Scaradavou, Andromachi, Ludy Dobrila, M. Susana Albano, Michal Tarnawski, Tracy Zhu, Chiseko Watanabe, Dan Zamfir, Rodica Ciubotariu, Dorothy Sung, and Pablo Rubinstein. "Cord Blood (CB) Stability and Potency Evaluation: Consistent, Predictable Recovery of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (HPC) and High CD34+ Cell Viability in Stored Cord Blood Units (CBU) of the National Cord Blood Program (NCBP)." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 2175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2175.2175.
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Abstract Cryopreserved HPC, CB products are maintained in long-term storage for future clinical use. To evaluate the impact of cryopreservation and storage over time on the quality and potency of the CBU as well as fulfill the FDA requirements for licensed products, stability studies are performed annually. These in vitro studies compare CBU stored for several years to recently processed ones with respect to HPCrecovery, potency, bacteriology, identity and integrity. This analysis summarizes the 2010-2015 annual stability evaluations including45 clinical CBU randomly selected among those processed by NCBP during the period 2006-2015 and stored inBioArchivefreezers.Pre-cryopreservation results, i.e., tests performed prior to freezing after CBU processing with the AXP system, are compared to post-thaw values of the CBU bag, and those of the CBU segment. We also present the quality assessment of segments (N=1924) of CBU processed during the same period that were released for transplantation. Methods:CBU bags were thawed and underwent albumin dextran reconstitution (dilution 1:7).Total nucleated cell (TNC) counts were measured in aSysmexXE2100 analyzer. CD45+/CD34+ counts and viability were evaluated using single platform, 3-color flow cytometry with 7-AAD, and ISHAGE gating strategy.CFU assays were evaluated using the NCBP CFU strategy (Albano et al, ASH 2008).The same assays were used for segment evaluation. Recovery was expressed as the ratio of post-thaw to pre-cryopreservation values. The segment "yield" was calculated as the ratio of segment results to the pre-cryopreservation or post-thaw bag values. Results: All CBU met acceptance criteria for identity, sterility and container integrity. Post-thaw CBU bag TNC recovery averaged 100.5% (SD: 6.2%). The range was 87%-114.5%; only one sample had recovery below 90%. TNC was not measured routinely in the segments. Average post-thaw bag CD34+ viability was 93.1% (SD: 3.2%). While the lowest value was 83.5%, 41/45 samples had viability above 90%. Segment post-thaw mean CD34+ viability was 94.7% (SD: 3.8%); 42 samples had values above 90%. The difference between segment and bag averaged 1.6% (SD: 2.5%; range: -3.1% to 7.5%). This change was statistically significant but too small to impact product quality. CD34+ and CFU recoveries (mean and SD) are shown in the Table. Post-thaw recovery of viable (v) CD34+ cells from theCBUbag ranged 60-133%, while the segment yield was 48-106%. For the 30 CBU with pre-cryopreservation CFU results, mean CBU bag recovery was 71% (range: 34%-120%) and segment CFU yield was 75% (range: 23%-125%). Segment and bag CD34+ and CFU results correlated well (p<0.01). In agreement with the stability studies, CD34+ viability evaluation of 1924 CBU segments showed average of 95.7% (SD: 3.5%; only 5% of the samples had CD34+ viability below 90%). These segments were evaluated prior to CBU release for transplant; median time in the freezer was 2.3 years (range: 0.1-9.5), and they represent 4% of the total AXP-processed CBU in the NCBP inventory. The segment yield of vCD34+ cells was 79% (SD: 25%). Further, a strong correlation was seen between pre-cryopreservation and segment vCD34+ counts (r: 0.87; p<0.01). CFU values of the segment and pre-cryopreservation also showed good correlation (r: 0.72; p<0.01) and the average CFU segment yield was 71% (SD: 24%). CBU processed with manual method (period 1993-2006) are also included in annual stability studies and have met acceptance criteria (data not shown). Further, analysis of 684 segments of manually processed CBU stored for a median of 10 years (range: 6.3-21) showed mean CD34+ viability 94.2% (SD: 4.3%; 11% with viability below 90%); results that compare favorably to those of recently processed CBU. In conclusion, systematic evaluation of NCBP CBU processed in different periods demonstrates that quality/potency can be maintained with storage over many years. The stability studies for the AXP-CBU (2006-to date) and the pre-release segment evaluation show high CD34+ viability and consistently high recovery of HPC, indicating that the process is under control, and set the standard for future studies and other potency assays. The strong correlations between post-thaw bag and segment results demonstrate that the segment is a representative sample of the cryopreserved CBU and its evaluation can predict reliably the potency of the thawed product. Table. Table. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Harris, Peter. "INVITATION PAPER (C.P. ALEXANDER FUND): CLASSICAL BIOCONTROL OF WEEDS: ITS DEFINITION, SELECTION OF EFFECTIVE AGENTS, AND ADMINISTRATIVE–POLITICAL PROBLEMS." Canadian Entomologist 123, no. 4 (August 1991): 827–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent123827-4.
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AbstractDilemmas in weed biocontrol are wide ranging. Even the term biological control is confusing as meanings may be restricted to the use of parasites and predators or extend to the use of all non-chemical means of control. Another problem is that two-thirds of the agents released do not become numerous enough to inflict major damage to the weed population, although this statistic is misleading as it includes agents costing little in pre-release studies where failure is of little consequence and those costing about two scientist years each, or currently about $400,000. Many of the suggestions for improvement are costly and time consuming. Delay is unacceptable where agent release is seen by sponsors as a mark of progress in a program likely to require 20 years and funding is difficult. Analysis of previous biocontrol attempts for attributes of "success" have been disappointing, partly because there are a number of steps involved, each with its own attributes. This paper recognizes four graded "success" steps and discusses many agent selection methods.There are public demands for a change in emphasis from chemical to biological control; but in the absence of effective enabling legislation, the practice of biocontrol can be legally and politically hazardous; biocontrol should be carried out by a multidisciplinary team but it is usually assigned to a single scientist; it needs to branch in new directions to remain scientifically stimulating, but this increases the risk of failure. Possible solutions for these dilemmas are discussed.
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Adriani, Evie, Aunu Rauf, and Pudjianto Pudjianto. "INFLUENCE OF HOST STAGE ON OVIPOSITION, DEVELOPMENT, AND SEX RATIO OF Anagyrus lopezi (DE SANTIS) (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE), A PARASITOID OF THE CASSAVA MEALYBUG, Phenacoccus manihoti MATILE-FERRERO (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE)." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 20, no. 2 (September 23, 2020): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jhptt.220130-139.
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Influence of host stage on oviposition, development, and sex ratio of Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). The parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was introduced from Thailand into Indonesia in early 2014 to control the invasive cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Because of the need to produce large numbers of high-quality females, research was conducted in the laboratory to determine host stage preference for A. lopezi on different instars of P. manihoti. Individual female wasps were exposed to first, second, third instar nymphs, and pre-reproductive adult mealybugs. In the no-choice test, the frequency of parasitized hosts and the number of eggs laid per host was significantly higher in second and third instar nymphs as well as adult mealybugs compared to first instar nymphs. In the two-choice test, third instars nymphs and adult mealybugs were the most preferred host for oviposition. Immature development of parasitoids was faster and the ratio of female to male parasitoids was higher following oviposition in second and third instar nymphs and pre-reproductive adult hosts, compared to the first instar nymphs. Our findings indicate that the use of pre-reproductive adults as hosts in a mass-rearing program would be the most productive and fastest way to produce A. lopezi populations with a female-biased sex ratio. Field release of parasitoids should be conducted when the host’s third instar nymph is the most abundant because the period during which preferred and suitable host stages are available would be the longest.
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Wang, Hui. "BLDC Motor Sensorless Control System Based on ADSP-BF548." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1253.
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In this thesis , the control strategy based on sensorless BLDCM(Brushless DC Motor) has been researched.A control system for BLDCM operating on ADSP-BF548 has been given. we focus on studying the control strategy of sensorless BLDC motor based on back-EMF detection, and present a control system for BLDC motor based on ADSP-BF548 special for motor control. The calculation method of back EMF in BLDC motor was deduced and the hardware circuit of line voltage detecting was designed. A pre-position starting tactics based on back EMF detection and a tactics of phase converting by postponing back-emf-zero-crossing detecting was designed. The signal wave was filtered by postponing back-emf-zero-crossing detecting when back-emf-zero-crossing had been detected. To release the phase delay caused by hardware filtering, a phase compensation algorithm has been designed. The PID adjusting algorithm and other strategy are designed in this program. Experimental results show that the control system has good speed adjusting performance and runs stably.
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Hignite, Lance R., and Darlene R. Haff. "Rapid rehousing of formerly homeless jail and prison inmates." Housing, Care and Support 20, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hcs-06-2017-0015.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the programmatic effectiveness of a post-incarceration support service, Jail In-Reach, to rapidly and permanently re-house newly released offenders with a documented history of homelessness, substance abuse and mental health disorders. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from SEARCH Homeless Services using the Adult Texas Recommended Assessment Guidelines survey instrument by the Texas Department of State Health Services. Repeated measures analysis of variance were performed to determine the effects of select predictors on the likelihood of permanent housing, which, for this research, is considered programmatic success. Findings Results indicate clients exhibited decreased risks of self-harm, employment problems, housing instability, co-occurring substance use, and criminal justice involvement as well as increased social support. Over half of the program participants either disappeared from the program or only secured temporary housing. Research limitations/implications This was a small pilot project with limited generalizability. There have been no follow-up studies to examine long term permanent housing success. No data were available as to why participants dropped out of the program. Practical implications Intensive advocacy and support services provided pre- and post-institutional release could provide formerly homeless inmates with co-occurring substance abuse and mental health issues with positive outcomes. Social implications Housing stability and connections to social service agencies are key factors for ensuring ex-offenders do not become re-incarcerated. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature related to reducing homelessness among ex-offenders, to the effectiveness of critical time intervention-based programming, and the need for building social capital amongst this unique and underserved population.
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Robertson, Melena J., Van Tran, and Andrew M. Nuibe. "1506. Outcomes of Standardized Neonatal Cephalexin Dosing." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1370.
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Abstract Background The optimal dosing of cephalexin in infants ≤90 days old is not well known. Our Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) standardized cephalexin dosing for inpatients ≥30 days old using available literature and released an antimicrobial dosing guideline in September 2016. Recommended antimicrobial dosing for inpatients <30 days old followed in November 2017. We reviewed the indications, cephalexin dosing, and clinical outcomes of patients before and after the release of our ASP’s cephalexin dosing guidelines. Methods Webi Universe was queried for cephalexin orders for inpatients ≤ 90 days old at the Inova Children’s Hospital from January 2016 to November 2018. Manual chart review extracted clinical points of interest and ensured that inclusion criteria were met. For patients <30 days old, the pre-intervention period was January 2016 to October 2017 and the post-intervention period was November 2017 to October 2018. For patients ≥30 days old the pre-intervention period was January 2016 to August 2016 and the post-intervention period was September 2016 to October 2018. Aggregate data from the two pre-intervention and two post-intervention periods were pooled, respectively. Results 41 patients were identified: 25 in the pre-intervention period and 16 in the post-intervention period. The median age of patients in the pre-intervention period was 16 days compared with 31 days in the post-intervention period (P = 0.02). No patients had acute kidney injury requiring cephalexin renal dosing. Skin and soft-tissue infections (18) and urinary tract infections (10) were the most common infections in both periods. 24% of patients received the recommended cephalexin dose in the pre-intervention period compared with 63% in the post-intervention period (P = 0.02). Logistic regression controlling for pathogens and area of care showed that patient age predicted the use of recommended cephalexin dosing (OR 1.1, 95% CI: 1.01–1.21). There were no deaths or recrudescent infections. Conclusion Our ASP’s interventions improved adherence to standardized cephalexin dosing in inpatients ≤90 days old without any adverse clinical outcomes. Patients ≥30 days old were more likely to receive recommended cephalexin dosing. Opportunities remain to best define the optimal dose of cephalexin in infants ≤90 days old. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Greenberg, Charles S., Caroline Dupre Vaughn, Alice Boylan, Jerry E. Squires, Sharon DeGrace, John Lazarchick, Adrian Reuben, Alan C. Finley, and Joseph Mazur. "Analyzing the Impact of Implementing a Systems-Based Hematologist into the Healthcare Delivery System at an Academic Medical Center." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4467.4467.
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Abstract There remains a clinical shortage of benign hematologists to manage the growing number of patients with non-malignant yet life-threatening and chronic blood diseases. The American Society of Hematology proposed creating System-Based Hematologist (SBH) positions to meet this need. The purpose of this study was to provide quantitative data regarding the impact that a SBH has on health care delivery in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. In 2011, the Department of Medicine successfully negotiated a Medical Directorship position for a SBH for the MUSC Health System. The position functions within the hospital as a part of the Medical Acute Critical Care Service Line, and the clinical service run by the SBH conducts inpatient consults daily. A benign hematology outpatient clinic was also established and is located on the hospital campus. In the years 2013-2014, clinic referrals of new patients grew 20% and the inpatient consult service grew by 38%. The SBH managed all hemophilia admissions from the emergency room and the use of recombinant blood products was reduced by an average of 35% per patient. The SBH evaluated the performance characteristics of the ROTEM instrument, recommended the instrument be purchased by the hospital for clinical use and collaborated to establish algorithms to guide replacement therapy. In CT Surgery, an anesthesiologist was trained in ROTEM and blood management who then served as the champion that implemented the ROTEM-based system for intra- and post- operative CABG care. From 2013 to 2014, we found that the use of FFP in CABG patients decreased from 25.8% to 12.7%. Platelet usage per patient dropped from 0.72 to 0.43. Cryoprecipitate decreased from 0.37 to 0.2 per patient. A ROTEM -based algorithm was also implemented to manage pre-procedure replacement therapy in patients with a coagulopathy from chronic liver disease. This protocol has led to reduction in fresh frozen plasma use from 3 units per patient to 0.4 units per patient, and has eliminated the use of pre-procedure INR correction as a target for promoting hemostasis. The ROTEM-guided algorithm resulted in safe and satisfactory outcomes for all liver disease patients requiring interventional procedures, as well as substantial cost savings. In addition, the SBH established a heparin-induced thrombocytopenia monitoring program. The EMR was specifically modified to provide guidance regarding calculating the 4T score and decision support for heparin-platelet factor 4 antibody testing and use of heparin alternatives. The SBH consults on patients that have positive heparin-platelet factor 4 assays and helps guide safe anticoagulation therapies in those patients that require treatment. Following the implementation of this program, serotonin release assays were reduced by 70% and there was also a substantial reduction in the use of direct thrombin inhibitors of 78%. Clinical outcomes in all patients today have been satisfactory with no major thrombotic complications apart from one patient that could not receive anticoagulation due to recent surgery, who fully recovered despite having DVT/PE. One patient that had a negative heparin platelet factor 4 assay became positive upon repeat testing and suffered arterial thrombosis that has resolved without any residual deficit. The SBH also educates medical students, interns, residents and fellows in the inpatient and outpatient settings. The addition of a nurse practitioner was necessary as the program has developed a rapid access anemia clinic to diagnose and treat pre-and post-op anemia. The MUSC SBH position is transitioning to play a role in a patient blood management program that will serve the entire healthcare network. In conclusion, this study documents a SBH can reduce cost of HITT management, blood product utilization in CABG and pre-procedure management of the coagulopathy in chronic liver disease as well as hemophilia management. The clinical services provided by the SBH in the clinics and outpatient setting can further enhance the education of students, residents and fellows in academic medical centers. The SBH must have the administrative support to initiate and implement programs through productive collaboration with colleagues within the health care system.The ASH program to encourage implementation of SBH positions and training should provide rewarding career opportunities for hematologists interested in non-malignant hematologic disorders. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Deutscher, Melchior, Ngoc Linh Tran, and Silke Scheerer. "Experimental Investigations on Temperature Generation and Release of Ultra-High Performance Concrete during Fatigue Tests." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (August 24, 2020): 5845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10175845.
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Smarter, more filigree, and resource-saving buildings are the aim of developments in the construction industry. In reinforced concrete construction, ultra-high strength concretes have been developed to achieve these goals. Due to their use and requirements, these highly pressure-resistant materials are increasingly exposed to cyclically occurring and high-frequency loads. Examples of this are applications in long-span bridges or wind turbines. Research into the fatigue behaviour of the new construction material is therefore very important for the standardization and practical introduction of the high performance material. In this article, we want to investigate the heating process of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) under fatigue stress in more detail. In previous investigations in this project, an influence of the heating on the fatigue strength could be determined. A systematic parameter study has defined decisive load configurations for a maximum heating process. The aim is now to better understand the heating process. For this purpose, the temperature generation rate and the temperature release, which probably influences the overall temperature development, are investigated. A test program with eight experiments gives information about the temperature release during the experiment and the heating rate with and without pre-damage in the sample. In addition, the causes of failure caused by temperature are investigated with additional insulated tests. The results are presented, discussed, and conclusions are drawn in the article. For instance, fatigue damage affects the rate of temperature increase, but not the thermal conductivity of the material. In the different configurations, the test specimens essentially overlap at the maximum temperature reached in the inner test specimen. In addition to the assumed influence of the temperature gradients in the cross section as a cause of premature failure due to additional constraint stresses, the maximum temperature in particular turns out to be decisive, independent of the gradient.
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Kaindeh, Gloria R., Seni H. Tongkukut, Gerald H. Tamuntuan, R. Telleng, Ferdy Ferdy, Mans Mananohas, and Dolfie P. Pandara. "Investigasi Anomali TEC Ionosfer Berkaitan Dengan Gempa Bumi Jailolo 15 Nopember 2019 Menggunakan Metode 2DPCA." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 20, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.20.2.2020.30073.
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Penelitian ini berfokus pada upaya menginvestigasi anomali Total Electron Content (TEC) ionosfer berkaitan dengan gempa bumi Jailolo yang terjadi pada tanggal 15 November 2019 pukul 01:17 Waktu Indonesia Timur (WIT) dengan menggunakan metode Two Dimensional Principal Component Analysis (2DPCA). Anomali TEC yang teridentifikasi oleh metode 2DPCA digunakan untuk menentukan prekusor dari gempa bumi Jailolo. Citra Global Ionosphere Maps (GIM) TEC selang tanggal 9-15 Nopember 2019 dianalisis dan dikonversi menjadi citra nilai Eigen menggunakan program Matlab_2DPCA. Berdasarkan citra nilai Eigen ditemukan bahwa pada tanggal 13 Nopember 2019 pukul 22:15 – 22:35 WIT telah terjadi anomali TEC ionosfer di atas episenter gempa bumi Jailolo dengan durasi 20 menit. Selama aktivitas pra seismik, ionosfer memberikan respon berupa penurunan nilai TEC. Anomali kandungan elektron total ionosfer merupakan suatu prekursor yang berasosiasi dengan pelepasan gas radon selama aktivitas pra seismik sebelum gempa bumi. Kata Kunci: Anomali TEC; gempa bumi Jailolo; metode 2DPCA; nilai eigen, prekursor Investigation of Ionosphere TEC Anomalies Associated with the 15 November 2019 of Jailolo Earthquake Using the 2DPCA Method ABSTRACTThis research focuses on investigating of the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) anomaly associated with the Jailolo Earthquake earthquake that occurred on November 15, 2019 at 01:17 Eastern Indonesian Time (WIT) using the 2DPCA method. The TEC anomaly identified by the 2DPCA method was used to determine the precursor of the Jailolo earthquake. Global ionosphere maps (GIM) TEC images between November 9-15, 2019 were analyzed and converted into several images of the Eigen value using the Matlab_2DPCA program. Based on Eigen value images, it was found that on November 13, 2019 at 22:15 – 22:35 WIT, an ionosphere TEC anomaly occurred above the epicenter of the Jailolo Earthquake with a duration of 20 minutes. During pre-seismic activity, ionosphere given a responds by decreasing of TEC value. The total electron content anomaly of the ionosphere is a precursor associated with the release of radon gas during pre-seismic activity before an earthquake.Keywords: TEC anomaly; Jailolo earthquake; 2DPCA method; eigen value, precursor
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Jones, M., B. Bailey, W. Nevers, M. Hill, L. Lappalainen, and D. Williams. "LO68: Kelowna emergency department buprenorphine/naloxone for opioid use disorder: a program evaluation study." CJEM 22, S1 (May 2020): S32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2020.123.
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Introduction: Emergency department (ED) buprenorphine/naloxone inductions for opioid use disorder are an effective and safe way to initiate addictions care in the ED. Kelowna General Hospital's ED buprenorphine/naloxone (KEDSS) program was implemented in September 2018 in order to respond to a community need for accessible and evidence-based addictions care. The objective of our program evaluation study was to examine the implementation of the first five months of the KEDSS program through evaluating patient characteristics and service outcomes. Methods: The KEDSS treatment pathway consists of a standardized protocol (pre-printed order set) to facilitate buprenorphine/naloxone induction and stabilization in the acute care setting (ED and inpatient wards) at Kelowna General Hospital, a community academic hospital. All patients referred to the outpatient addictions clinic via the order set during September 2018-January 2019 (the first 5 months) were included in the study population. A retrospective descriptive chart review was completed. Outcome measures included population characteristics (sociodemographic information, clinical characteristics) and service outcomes (number of patients initiated, patient follow-up). Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses using t-tests or Pearson's χ2 statistic, as appropriate, were conducted to compare the ED-initiated group with the inpatient-initiated group. Results: During the first five months of the KEDSS program, a total of 35 patients (26% female, mean age 36.6 years, 54% homeless) were started on the treatment pathway, 16 (46%) in the ED. Compared to the inpatient-initiated group, the ED-initiated group were less likely to have psychiatric comorbidities (ED 1.0 vs. inpatient 1.5, p = 0.002), require methadone or sustained-release oral morphine (ED 13% vs. inpatient 37%, p = 0.048), and have attended follow-up (ED 56% vs. inpatient 84%, p = 0.004). Conclusion: This study provides a preliminary look at a new opioid agonist therapy (OAT) treatment pathway (KEDSS) at Kelowna General Hospital, and provides insight into the population that is accessing the program. We found that the majority of patients who are started on buprenorphine/naloxone in the ED are seen in follow-up at the addictions clinic. Future work will examine ongoing follow-up and OAT adherence rates in the study population to quantify the program's impact on improving access to addictions treatment within this community hospital setting.
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Brown, Jason L., Joseph R. Bennett, and Connor M. French. "SDMtoolbox 2.0: the next generation Python-based GIS toolkit for landscape genetic, biogeographic and species distribution model analyses." PeerJ 5 (December 5, 2017): e4095. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4095.
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SDMtoolbox 2.0 is a software package for spatial studies of ecology, evolution, and genetics. The release of SDMtoolbox 2.0 allows researchers to use the most current ArcGIS software and MaxEnt software, and reduces the amount of time that would be spent developing common solutions. The central aim of this software is to automate complicated and repetitive spatial analyses in an intuitive graphical user interface. One core tenant facilitates careful parameterization of species distribution models (SDMs) to maximize each model’s discriminatory ability and minimize overfitting. This includes carefully processing of occurrence data, environmental data, and model parameterization. This program directly interfaces with MaxEnt, one of the most powerful and widely used species distribution modeling software programs, although SDMtoolbox 2.0 is not limited to species distribution modeling or restricted to modeling in MaxEnt. Many of the SDM pre- and post-processing tools have ‘universal’ analogs for use with any modeling software. The current version contains a total of 79 scripts that harness the power of ArcGIS for macroecology, landscape genetics, and evolutionary studies. For example, these tools allow for biodiversity quantification (such as species richness or corrected weighted endemism), generation of least-cost paths and corridors among shared haplotypes, assessment of the significance of spatial randomizations, and enforcement of dispersal limitations of SDMs projected into future climates—to only name a few functions contained in SDMtoolbox 2.0. Lastly, dozens of generalized tools exists for batch processing and conversion of GIS data types or formats, which are broadly useful to any ArcMap user.
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Suval, Elizabeth M., and Matthew T. Zingraff. "Should Pre-Trial Release Programs Be Expanded?" Criminal Justice Policy Review 1, no. 2 (May 1986): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088740348600100202.
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Mantua, J., R. L. Gutierrez, S. D. Isidean, A. N. Alaca, K. J. Testa, K. Talaat, T. J. Doty, V. F. Capaldi, and C. Porter. "1028 Sleep and Enteric Disease: Sleep Now for Less Diarrhea Later." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A390—A391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1024.
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Abstract Introduction The bi-directional relationship between sleep and immune function is well-established. Sufficient sleep supports immune health and can increase vaccine efficacy. Conversely, sickness can disturb sleep quality, which can delay recovery and waking functioning. However, the bidirectional relationship between sleep and infectious diarrhea, the leading infectious disease threat to deployed military populations, has not been studied. We assessed the bi-directional relationship between sleep and enteric disease utilizing data from a recently-completed controlled human infection model (CHIM) with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Methods During a CHIM to assess the efficacy of an immunoprophylactic targeting ETEC (NCT03040687), we measured sleep via actigraphy over an 8-day inpatient period. Participants ingested prophylaxis 3 times/day during days -2 and -1 and ingested ETEC on day 0. The primary outcome was moderate-severe diarrhea following the ETEC challenge. We hypothesized better sleep pre-challenge would reduce risk of disease after the challenge (assessed using linear regression). We also hypothesized total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE) after the challenge would be lower/poorer than baseline (assessed using paired t-test). Results Among 59 participants (aged 34.4±8.1yrs, 64% female), longer TST the night preceding ETEC challenge was associated with lower total diarrhea volume (B=-3.13,p=.001). SE was slightly but significantly poorer after the challenge (78 vs. 76%; t(55)=2.2,p=.03), but there was no significant change in TST, potentially due to low TST pre-challenge (316 vs. 329 minutes; p=0.12). Conclusion These results - in aggregation with previous work on sleep and vaccines - suggest military sleep regulations should be put in place to increase sleep prior to traveling to an area of responsibility with high risk for enteric disease. These minor behavioral changes could provide lasting benefits to readiness of military servicemembers. Support This work was supported by Joint Warfighter Medical Research Program (JWMRP) and the Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP). The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the US Army or of the US Department of Defense. This abstract has been approved for public release with unlimited distribution.
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Man, Louise Ming-Wai, Jeremy Sen, Jeanne Cahan, Kathlene Degregory, Tanya Thomas, Elizabeth Daniels, Erin McLoughlin, Lisa Huntsinger, and Michael Kenneth Keng. "A multidisciplinary effort to decrease time from admission to chemotherapy on an inpatient oncology unit." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 8_suppl (March 10, 2017): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.8_suppl.96.
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96 Background: Patients with established cancer diagnoses often experience delays in starting scheduled inpatient chemotherapy (CTX) after arrival on the University of Virginia (UVA) Medical Center oncology unit. These delays negatively impact hospital resource utilization. We formed a multidisciplinary team of physicians, nurses, and pharmacists to investigate these delays. We aim to decrease time-to-CTX (TTC) by 30% from baseline. Methods: From 340 planned inpatient CTX encounters in calendar year 2015, 100 were randomly reviewed to establish baseline retrospective data. The following were collected for each encounter: patient demographics; oncologic diagnosis; admitting team; CTX regimen and cycle; procedures and urinary parameters required prior to CTX start; times of lab orders and results, CTX signature and release, and start of intravenous fluid (IVF), premedications, and CTX; unit census data; available nursing staff; and length of stay. With guidance from ASCO’s Quality Training Program, we constructed a process map of the current state, an Ishikawa cause-and-effect diagram, a Pareto chart to assess causes of delays, and a priority matrix of potential interventions. XmR charts compared baseline and post-intervention data. Results: Baseline median TTC was 6.7 hours (range 1.5-105.3 h). Patients with pre-admission outpatient appointments started CTX 2.4 h earlier than those without appointments. Patients without urine parameters for treatment started CTX 3 h earlier than those with parameters. The Pareto chart indicated the longest delays occurred in pre-medicating patients, starting IVF, and signing CTX orders. In the first Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle, the CTX consent process was reformed. Post-intervention data showed no change in median TTC (7.2 h). Other PDSA cycles (setting patient arrival times and pre-admission pharmacy review of treatment plans) are ongoing; prospective data collection is pending. Conclusions: Retrospective data validate concerns that delays in starting inpatient CTX are longer than acceptable. They affect hospital length of stay, cost, and patient satisfaction. Our first PDSA cycle showed no change in TTC but additional interventions are ongoing.
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San-Millán, Iñigo, John C. Hill, and Julio Calleja-González. "Indirect Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Content in Professional Soccer Players before and after a Match through a Non-Invasive Ultrasound Technology." Nutrients 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12040971.
Full textAbstract:
Skeletal muscle glycogen (SMG) stores in highly glycolytic activities regulate muscle contraction by controlling calcium release and uptake from sarcoplasmic reticulum, which could affect muscle contraction. Historically, the assessment of SMG was performed through invasive and non-practical muscle biopsies. In this study we have utilized a novel methodology to assess SMG through a non-invasive high-frequency ultrasound. Nine MLS professional soccer players (180.4 ± 5.9 cm; 72.4 ± 9.3 kg; 10.4% ± 0.7% body fat) participated. All followed the nutritional protocol 24 h before the official match as well as performing the same practice program the entire week leading to the match. The SMG decreased from 80 ± 8.6 to 63.9 ± 10.2; p = 0.005 on MuscleSound® score (0–100) representing a 20% ± 10.4% decrease in muscle glycogen after match. Inter-individual differences in both starting glycogen content (65–90) and in percentage decrease in glycogen after the match (between 6.2% and 44.5%). Some players may not start the match with adequate SMG while others’ SMG decreased significantly throughout the game. Adequate pre-match SMG should be achieved during half-time and game-play in order to mitigate the decrease in glycogen. Further and more ample studies are needed before the application of this technology.
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Grachev, Mikhail, Ilya Zubkov, Irina Tikhonova, Maria Ivacheva, Anton Kuzmin, Elena Sukhanova, Ekaterina Sorokovikova, et al. "Extensive Contamination of Water with Saxitoxin Near the Dam of the Irkutsk Hydropower Station Reservoir (East Siberia, Russia)." Toxins 10, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10100402.
Full textAbstract:
An area of discolored water 50 m wide and 30 m long was found in September 2017 close to the dam of the Irkutsk hydroelectric power station. Water from this spot was sampled for investigation in the present study. Microscopic analysis revealed that the suspended matter in the sample was composed of clumps of filaments, vegetative cells, akinetes and heterocysts that formed short filaments and solitary cells. This matter was found to consist of partially degraded cells of the cyanobacterium Dolichospermum lemmermannii. Nucleotide sequencing of DNA isolated from the biomass revealed the presence of the sxtA gene which is involved in the synthesis of saxitoxin. Water from the polluted area contained 600 ± 100 μg L−1 saxitoxin as measured by HPLC-MS with pre-column modification of the toxin with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Immunoassay analysis (ELISA) showed a concentration of saxitoxins in the water of 2900 ± 900 μg L−1. Hydrochemical and microbiological analyses suggested the contaminated area appeared as a result of a D. lemmermannii bloom, followed by its decay and release of saxitoxin and nutrients. The present paper describes the results of a case study. Better understanding of the phenomenon will depend on the possibility to perform implementation of a large-scale monitoring program.