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Journal articles on the topic 'Prebiotic organic matter'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ehrenfreund, Pascale, Andreas Elsaesser, and J. Groen. "Prebiotic Matter in Space." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, H16 (2012): 709–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314013015.

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AbstractA significant number of molecules that are used in contemporary biochemistry on Earth are found in interstellar and circumstellar regions as well as solar system environments. In particular small solar system bodies hold clues to processes that formed our solar system. Comets, asteroids, and meteorite delivered extraterrestrial material during the heavy bombardment phase ~3.9 billion years ago to the young planets, a process that made carbonaceous material available to the early Earth. In-depth understanding of the organic reservoir in different space environments as well as data on th

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Martins, Zita, and Matthew A. Pasek. "Delivery of Organic Matter to the Early Earth." Elements 20, no. 1 (2024): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.20.1.19.

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The inner Solar System—including the planet Earth—was heavily bombarded by comets, asteroids, and their fragments (i.e., meteorites, micrometeorites, and interplanetary dust particles) from 4.56 to about 3.5 billion years ago. This bombardment resulted in a rich assortment of organics delivered to the Earth, as comets and many asteroids contain carbonaceous material. These organic compounds were likely further processed on the early Earth (e.g., by impact-shock reactions), providing a feedstock of prebiotic molecules to the crust and oceans. In this chapter, we review the mechanisms of organic

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Ehrenfreund, Pascale, Marco Spaans, and Nils G. Holm. "The evolution of organic matter in space." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, no. 1936 (2011): 538–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0231.

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Carbon, and molecules made from it, have already been observed in the early Universe. During cosmic time, many galaxies undergo intense periods of star formation, during which heavy elements like carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, silicon and iron are produced. Also, many complex molecules, from carbon monoxide to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are detected in these systems, like they are for our own Galaxy. Interstellar molecular clouds and circumstellar envelopes are factories of complex molecular synthesis. A surprisingly high number of molecules that are used in contemporary biochemistry on the

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Jenniskens, P. "Meteor Storms as a Window on the Delivery of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter to the Early Earth." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 213 (2004): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900193416.

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The unique rarefied flow and flash heating in meteors creates physical conditions that can change exogenous organic matter into unique prebiotic molecules. with the exception of rare giant comet impacts, most infalling matter at the time of the origin of life was deposited in the atmosphere during the meteor phase. Much new data has been obtained from observations in the Leonid Multi-Instrument Aircraft Campaign; a series of NASA and USAF sponsored Astrobiology missions that explored the 1998–2002 Leonid meteor storms. Here, we provide an overview of some of this recent insight, which provides

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Sephton, Mark A. "Organic matter in carbonaceous meteorites: past, present and future research." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1837 (2005): 2729–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2005.1670.

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Carbonaceous meteorites are fragments of ancient asteroids that have remained relatively unprocessed since the formation of the Solar System. These carbon-rich objects provide a record of prebiotic chemical evolution and a window on the early Solar System. Many compound classes are present reflecting a rich organic chemical environment during the formation of the planets. Recent theories suggest that similar extraterrestrial organic mixtures may have acted as the starting materials for life on Earth.

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Sukani, N.br Ketaren, and S.Mutia R.M. "Effect of Adding Synbiotic Isolate Pediococcus Pentosaceus Strain N6 and Cassava Peel Flour on the Digestibility of Dry Matter and Organic Matter of Super Native Chickens." Jurnal Peternakan Integratif 11, no. 3 (2024): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpi.v11i3.15767.

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Public awareness of healthy food is currently getting stronger. Food should be free from antibiotics. As consequence the use of antibiotics as feed additives should be prohibited because it has the potential to produce residues in livestock products and indirectly impact consumers. An alternative substitute for antibiotics that has been widely developed is the administration of synbiotics. Synbiotics are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. The purpose of this study is to investigate Pediococcus pentosaceus strain N6 isolate as a probiotic and cassava peel as a prebiotic. The research d

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Zailani, Siti Zulaiha, Nurin Syakirah Abd Rahim, and Aizi Nor Mazila Ramli. "Harnessing the Potentialities of Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics Application for Agriculture Industry: A Mini Review." Journal of Bioprocessing and Biomass Technology 3, no. 2 (2024): 71–84. https://doi.org/10.11113/bioprocessing.v3n2.60.

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The agricultural industry significantly drives global economic growth. However, the undeniable impacts of intensive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and intensified farming practices contribute to soil erosion. Synbiotics, a combination of prebiotic and probiotic offer an alternative approach to preserve and improve the quality of soil. The main objective of this review is to provide comprehensive overview of the application of the synbiotic approach to the productivity of the agriculture. The review covers soil fertility factors, as well as the roles of synbiotic, prebiotic and probio

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Kompanichenko, Vladimir. "The Rise of A Habitable Planet: Four Required Conditions for the Origin of Life in the Universe." Geosciences 9, no. 2 (2019): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9020092.

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The advanced version of the author’s inversion concept of the origin of terrestrial life and its application for life in the Universe has been substantiated. A key step in the transition to life consists in the thermodynamic inversion of non-living prebiotic microsystems when the contributions of free energy (F) and information (I) become prevalent over the contribution of entropy (S). It is based the thermodynamic corridor that is mandatory for all chemical scenarios for the origin of life: F + I < S (prebiotic microsystem) → F + I ≈ S (intermediate stage, inversion moment) → F + I > S

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Lavado, Nieves, Juan García de la Concepción, Mario Gallego, Reyes Babiano, and Pedro Cintas. "From prebiotic chemistry to supramolecular oligomers: urea–glyoxal reactions." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 17, no. 23 (2019): 5826–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ob01120j.

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10

Herd, C. D. K., A. Blinova, D. N. Simkus, et al. "Origin and Evolution of Prebiotic Organic Matter As Inferred from the Tagish Lake Meteorite." Science 332, no. 6035 (2011): 1304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1203290.

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Ghiorghita, Gogu, and Gheorghe Surpateanu. "The Prebiotic Stage and the Evolution of Life on Earth." Environment and Natural Resources Research 9, no. 2 (2019): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v9n2p86.

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The paper is a synthesis of the information collected so far on the origin and evolution of life on Earth. The life appearance and its evolution is correlated to matter evolution in univers: Big Bang, inorganic, organic, prebiotic, unicellular and multicellular stages. Concerning prebiotic stage in life evolution we present our theory based on syntone chemistry. Three syntones-methylene, nitrene and carbon monoxid carried by molecular nitrogen at law temperature could furnish the prebiotic bricks (sugars, lipids, proteins) at the contact to primary atmosphere components. Also, we think that th

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Meléndez-López, A., M. F. García-Hurtado, J. Cruz-Castañeda, A. Negrón-Mendoza, S. Ramos-Bernal, and A. Heredia. "Gamma Irradiation of Aqueos Solution of L-Aspartic Acid, L-Aspartic Acid in Solid State, and L-Aspartic Acid Adsorbed into Na-Montmorillonite: Its Relevance in Chemistry Prebiotic." Journal of Nuclear Physics, Material Sciences, Radiation and Applications 8, no. 2 (2021): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jnp.2021.82012.

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Aspartic acid is an amino acid present in the modern proteins, however, is considered a primitive amino acid hence its importance in prebiotic chemistry experiments studies. In some works of prebiotic chemistry have been studied the synthesis and the stability of organic matter under high energy sources, and the role of clays has been highlighted due to clays that can affect the reaction mechanisms in the radiolytic processes. The present work is focused on the study of the role of Namontmorillonite in the gamma radiolysis processes of L-aspartic acid. Gamma radiolysis processes were carried o

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Ovchinnikov, A. A., and N. D. Yaptik. "Digestibility of nutrients and energy utilization in broiler chickens diet with phytoprebiotic feed additive." Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production), no. 5 (April 25, 2025): 3–12. https://doi.org/10.33920/sel-05-2505-01.

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Addition of aspen bark phytobiotic at a dose of 35 mg/kg of body weight and lactic acid prebiotic at a rate of 0.5 ml/kg of feed to compound feed for broiler chickens, both separately and together had a positive effect on the digestibility of the organic part of the feed. The greatest effect was demonstrated by the combined use of the phytoprebiotic additive. Thus, the digestibility of crude protein was higher than in the control group by 1.33 abs.% at three weeks and by 2.37 abs.% at six weeks of age, and crude fat by 4.92 and 5.28 abs.%, respectively. Aspen bark decoction changed the digesti

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Nogueira, Juliana Paschoalin De Souza, Fei He, Heather F. Mangian, Patricia Massae Oba, and Maria R. C. De Godoy. "Dietary supplementation of a fiber-prebiotic and saccharin-eugenol blend in extruded diets fed to dogs." Journal of Animal Science 97, no. 11 (2019): 4519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz293.

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Abstract Prebiotics and dietary fibers are nondigestible ingredients that may confer benefits to the host by selectively stimulating beneficial intestinal bacteria and microbial-derived metabolites that support gut and host health. This experiment evaluated the effects of a blend of prebiotics and dietary fibers on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and fecal metabolites related to gastrointestinal health in adult dogs. Four diets containing either 5% cellulose (control; CT), 5% dietary fiber and prebiotic blend (FP), 0.02% saccharin and eugenol (SE), or 5% fiber blend plus 0.02% saccha

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15

Segré, D., Y. Pilpel, and D. Lancet. "Mutual catalysis in sets of prebiotic organic molecules: Evolution through computer simulated chemical kinetics." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 249, no. 1-4 (1998): 558–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4371(97)00516-5.

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16

Mayer, Christian. "Life in The Context of Order and Complexity." Life 10, no. 1 (2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10010005.

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It is generally accepted that life requires structural complexity. However, a chaotic mixture of organic compounds like the one formed by extensive reaction sequences over time may be extremely complex, but could just represent a static asphalt-like dead end situation. Likewise, it is accepted that life requires a certain degree of structural order. However, even extremely ordered structures like mineral crystals show no tendency to be alive. So neither complexity nor order alone can characterize a living organism. In order to come close to life, and in order for life to develop to higher orga

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17

Paschek, Klaus, Dmitry A. Semenov, Ben K. D. Pearce, Kevin Lange, Thomas K. Henning, and Ralph E. Pudritz. "Meteorites and the RNA World: Synthesis of Nucleobases in Carbonaceous Planetesimals and the Role of Initial Volatile Content." Astrophysical Journal 942, no. 1 (2023): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca27e.

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Abstract Prebiotic molecules, fundamental building blocks for the origin of life, have been found in carbonaceous chondrites. The exogenous delivery of these organic molecules onto the Hadean Earth could have sparked the polymerization of the first RNA molecules in Darwinian ponds during wet-dry cycles. Here, we investigate the formation of the RNA and DNA nucleobases adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine, and thymine inside parent body planetesimals of carbonaceous chondrites. An up-to-date thermochemical equilibrium model coupled with a 1D thermodynamic planetesimal model is used to calculate t

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18

Muñoz Caro, G. M., and E. Dartois. "A tracer of organic matter of prebiotic interest in space, made from UV and thermal processing of ice mantles." Astronomy & Astrophysics 494, no. 1 (2008): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200810309.

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Adam, Z. R., D. Zubarev, M. Aono, and H. James Cleaves. "Subsumed complexity: abiogenesis as a by-product of complex energy transduction." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2109 (2017): 20160348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0348.

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The origins of life bring into stark relief the inadequacy of our current synthesis of thermodynamic, chemical, physical and information theory to predict the conditions under which complex, living states of organic matter can arise. Origins research has traditionally proceeded under an array of implicit or explicit guiding principles in lieu of a universal formalism for abiogenesis. Within the framework of a new guiding principle for prebiotic chemistry called subsumed complexity , organic compounds are viewed as by-products of energy transduction phenomena at different scales (subatomic, ato

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Devyatkin, Vladimir A., and Evgeniya N. Kolodina. "DIGESTIVE PROCESS IN THE BODY OF SHEEP WITH THE CULTURAL FLUID ASPERGILLUS OREZAE F-1553." VESTNIK OF THE BASHKIR STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY 66, no. 2 (2023): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/1684-7628-2023-66-2-41-45.

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The fungus Aspergillus oryzae is known as a producer of a wide range of metabolites in the form of a particularly rich set of enzymes. The article discusses the possibility and effectiveness of using homogenate and culture fluid supernatant Aspergillus orezae F-1553 as a prebiotic supplement to the diet of sheep to optimize inter-daily processes in the pre-pancreas and to improve stomach microbiocenosis. Feeding of the culture fluid Aspergillus orezae F-1553 to Romanov breed with stomach fistulas stimulated their pre-pancreatic digestion by 3 hours after feeding in the form of an increase in t

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Cao, Kailin, Yuanyuan Wang, Menglu Li, et al. "Supplementation of a Multienzyme Complex, an Organic Acid-Essential Oil Complex, and Prebiotic Alone or in Combination Affects Growth, Nutrient Utilization, and Immune Function of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." Aquaculture Nutrition 2022 (April 11, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1068537.

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Dietary supplementation of functional additives is an effective strategy to improve the nutritive value of low fish meal diets for fishes. The present study is aimed at investigating the dietary effects of a multienzyme complex, an organic acid-essential oil complex and prebiotic on growth, immune function, and intestinal health of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A positive control diet (PC) and a negative control diet (NC) were formulated to contain 200 g/kg and 100 g/kg of fishmeal, respectively. Seven other diets were formulated by supplementing a multienzyme complex (MC, 0.125 g/kg),

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Kompanichenko, V. N. "Three stages of the origin of life process: bifurcation, stabilization and inversion." International Journal of Astrobiology 7, no. 1 (2008): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550407003953.

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AbstractThe principal succession of transformations of a prebiotic microsystem leading to its transition into the primary living state is theoretically substantiated. For the first stage of the succession, a significant change in the external conditions constrains an organic microsystem to leave the current stable state with the following transition into a new stable state through the unstable critical (bifurcation) point. At the bifurcation point the microsystem acquires the original properties without which life cannot exist (self-maintaining heterogeneous structure, incessant fluctuations a

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Strube, Mikael Lenz, Helle Christine Ravn, Hans-Christian Ingerslev, Anne Strunge Meyer, and Mette Boye. "In SituPrebiotics for Weaning Piglets:In VitroProduction and Fermentation of Potato Galacto-Rhamnogalacturonan." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 5 (2014): 1668–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03582-14.

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ABSTRACTPostweaning diarrhea (PWD) in pigs is a leading cause of economic loss in pork production worldwide. The current practice of using antibiotics and zinc to treat PWD is unsustainable due to the potential of antibiotic resistance and ecological disturbance, and novel methods are required. In this study, anin vitromodel was used to test the possibility of producing prebiotic fiberin situin the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the piglet and the prebiotic activity of the resulting fiber in the terminal ileum. Soluble fiber was successfully produced from potato pulp, an industrial waste produ

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Kim, Hee Seong, Evan C. Titgemeyer, and Charles Gregory Aldrich. "Evaluation of Fermentability of Whole Soybeans and Soybean Oligosaccharides by a Canine In Vitro Fermentation Model." Fermentation 9, no. 5 (2023): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9050414.

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Soybean oligosaccharides (OS) have been recognized as a prebiotic that can be fermented in the colon, resulting in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production that can be used as an energy source for colonocytes, supporting cell differentiation and gut health. The objective was to determine the effects of WSBOS on in vitro fermentation, using dog feces as inoculum. Treatments included total dietary fiber (TDF) residues from WSB, soybean hulls (SH), pea fiber (PF), and beet pulp (BP), as well as WSB TDF residue plus soybean OS (WSBOS) and WSB TDF residue plus raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose (

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Getenet, Melese, Juan Manuel García-Ruiz, Cristóbal Verdugo-Escamilla, and Isabel Guerra-Tschuschke. "Mineral Vesicles and Chemical Gardens from Carbonate-Rich Alkaline Brines of Lake Magadi, Kenya." Crystals 10, no. 6 (2020): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10060467.

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Mineral vesicles and chemical gardens are self-organized biomimetic structures that form via abiotic mineral precipitation. These membranous structures are known to catalyze prebiotic reactions but the extreme conditions required for their synthesis has cast doubts on their formation in nature. Apart from model solutions, these structures have been shown to form in serpentinization-driven natural silica-rich water and by fluid-rock interaction of model alkaline solutions with granites. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate that self-assembled hollow mineral vesicles and gardens can be synth

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Ishikawa, Akari, Yoko Kebukawa, Kensei Kobayashi, and Isao Yoda. "Gamma-Ray-Induced Amino Acid Formation during Aqueous Alteration in Small Bodies: The Effects of Compositions of Starting Solutions." Life 14, no. 1 (2024): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life14010103.

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Organic compounds, such as amino acids, are essential for the origin of life, and they may have been delivered to the prebiotic Earth from extra-terrestrial sources, such as carbonaceous chondrites. In the parent bodies of carbonaceous chondrites, the radioactive decays of short-lived radionuclides, such as 26Al, cause the melting of ice, and aqueous alteration occurs in the early stages of solar system formation. Many experimental studies have shown that complex organic matter, including amino acids and high-molecular-weight organic compounds, is produced by such hydrothermal processes. On th

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Ershov, Boris. "Natural Radioactivity and Chemical Evolution on the Early Earth: Prebiotic Chemistry and Oxygenation." Molecules 27, no. 23 (2022): 8584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238584.

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It is generally recognized that the evolution of the early Earth was affected by an external energy source: radiation from the early Sun. The hypothesis about the important role of natural radioactivity, as a source of internal energy in the evolution of the early Earth, is considered and substantiated in this work. The decay of the long-lived isotopes 232Th, 238U, 235U, and 40K in the Global Ocean initiated the oxygenation of the hydro- and atmosphere, and the abiogenesis. The content of isotopes in the ocean and the kinetics of their decay, the values of the absorbed dose and dose rate, and

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Managadze, G. "Plasma and collision processes of hypervelocity meteorite impact in the prehistory of life." International Journal of Astrobiology 9, no. 3 (2010): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147355041000008x.

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AbstractA new concept is proposed, according to which the plasma and collision processes accompanying hypervelocity impacts of meteorites can contribute to the arising of the conditions on early Earth, which are necessary for the appearance of primary forms of living matter. It was shown that the processes necessary for the emergence of living matter could have started in a plasma torch of meteorite impact and have continued in an impact crater in the case of the arising of the simplest life form.It is generally accepted that planets are the optimal place for the origin and evolution of life.

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Wilson, Sofia M., and Kelly S. Swanson. "199 Effects of Dietary Fiber and Biotic Supplementation on Apparent Total Tract Macronutrient Digestibility, Fecal Characteristics, and Fecal Metabolites of Healthy Adult Dogs." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (2023): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.132.

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Abstract Synbiotics, or mixtures of live microorganisms and substrates selectively utilized by host microorganisms, may confer complementary or synergistic health benefits to the host. Although synbiotics have demonstrated the potential to modulate the gut microbiome and improve gastrointestinal health in many host species, research trials in companion animal diets are limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility (ATTD) of diets supplemented with fibers or biotics and to evaluate their effects on the fecal characteristics, metab

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Dev, Kapil, Jitendra Singh, Nasir Akbar Mir, et al. "Inflection in nutrient transporter genes leads to potential changes in small intestine histomorphology with improved nutrient retention in chicken under dietary synbiotic supplementation." Letters In Animal Biology 2, no. 1 (2022): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.62310/liab.v2i1.75.

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This study investigated the role of synbiotic supplementation on gut histomorphology, expression of nutrient transporters, and nutrient utilization in broiler chicken. Bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD), Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus (LBA), and prebiotic Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) were used to formulate total 6 dietary treatments viz. T1 (control; basal diet), T2 (BMD @ 20 mg/kg diet), T3/T4 (0.1% MOS with 106 and 107 cfu LBA/g diet), and T5/T6 (0.2% MOS with 106 and 107 cfu LBA/g diet). A total of 288 day old chicken were allocated at random among six treatments, each with six r

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Oszust, Karolina, Michał Pylak, and Magdalena Frąc. "Trichoderma-Based Biopreparation with Prebiotics Supplementation for the Naturalization of Raspberry Plant Rhizosphere." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (2021): 6356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126356.

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The number of raspberry plants dying from a sudden outbreak of gray mold, verticillium wilt, anthracnosis, and phytophthora infection has increased in recent times, leading to crop failure. The plants suffer tissue collapse and black roots, symptoms similar to a Botrytis–Verticillium–Colletotrichum–Phytophthora disease complex. A sizeable number of fungal isolates were acquired from the root and rhizosphere samples of wild raspberries from different locations. Subsequent in vitro tests revealed that a core consortium of 11 isolates of selected Trichoderma spp. was the most essential element fo

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Van Hoeck, Veerle, Ingrid Somers, Anas Abdelqader, Alexandra L. Wealleans, Sandy Van de Craen, and Dany Morisset. "Xylanase impact beyond performance: A microbiome approach in laying hens." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (2021): e0257681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257681.

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Anti-nutritional compounds such as non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) are present in viscous cereals used in feed for poultry. Therefore, exogenous carbohydrases are commonly added to monogastric feed to degrade these NSP. Our hypothesis is that xylanase not only improves laying hen performance and digestibility, but also induces a significant shift in microbial composition within the intestinal tract and thereby might exert a prebiotic effect. In this context, a better understanding on whether and how the chicken gut microbial population can be modulated by xylanase is required. To do so, the e

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Vazart, Fanny, Cecilia Ceccarelli, Nadia Balucani, and Dimitrios Skouteris. "Quantum Chemical Computations of Gas-phase Glycolaldehyde Deuteration and Constraints on Its Formation Route." Astrophysical Journal 941, no. 2 (2022): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca3a3.

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Abstract Despite the detection of numerous interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs) for decades, it is still a matter of debate whether they are synthesized in the gas phase or on the icy surface of interstellar grains. In the past, molecular deuteration has been used to constrain the formation paths of small and abundant hydrogenated interstellar species. More recently, the deuteration degree of formamide, one of the most interesting iCOMs, has also been explained with the hypothesis that it is formed by the gas-phase reaction NH2 + H2CO. In this paper, we aim at using molecular deutera

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Bellere, A. D., A. J. A. Esteban, and Raseetha S. "Mushroom as a resilient crop: a paradigm shift from agri-litters to healthy and ecofriendly food production." Food Research 7, Supplementary 4 (2023): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.7(s4).15.

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Nutrient deficiency remains prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. In fact, in developed countries, the high standard of living and the fast-growing population rely on fast and processed foods to support their daily nourishment. However, constant consumption of processed foods has been linked to chronic diseases. The unhealthy results of instant foods serve as an eye-opener for the population to demand the availability of healthy food. Some people resort to plant-based food for health reasons and mushrooms are a great option since they have been utilized as food and drugs since time im

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Batbekh, Belgutei, Eslam Ahmed, Masaaki Hanada, Naoki Fukuma, and Takehiro Nishida. "Assessment of the Impact of Coffee Waste as an Alternative Feed Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation and Methane Emissions in an In Vitro Study." Fermentation 9, no. 9 (2023): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9090858.

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Spent coffee waste is the most common by-product of coffee processing, and it has the potential to be used as a source of organic compounds for ruminant diets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the optimal inclusion level and method for using spent coffee waste (SCW) as a ruminant feed and investigate its effects on rumen fermentation characteristics and methane (CH4) production. The present in vitro batch culture study was conducted using two different experimental designs. The first experimental design (TRIAL. 1) was performed using a control diet of 500 mg of fresh matter basal di

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Finet, Shannon E., Fei He, Heather Mangian, and Maria R. C. de Godoy. "80 Effects of miscanthus fiber on nutrient digestibility and fecal metabolites of adult dogs." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.105.

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Abstract Dietary fiber is an important component of pet food that helps to promote colonocyte health by favoring saccharolytic fermentation and short-chain fatty acid production in addition to modulating gut microbiota and aiding laxation. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of miscanthus grass fiber, prebiotic fiber blends, and traditional dietary fiber sources on apparent total tract digestibility, fecal metabolites, and gastrointestinal intolerance in adult canines. Animal procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Us

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Ergin, Sema Özmert, İlhan Gün, Recep Kara, Ali Soyuçok, and Aslı Albayrak Karaoğlu. "The Physicochemical, Textural, Microbiological and Sensory Properties of Skimmed Buffalo Milk Yogurt with Tragacanth Gum During Storage." Food Technology and Biotechnology 62, no. 2 (2024): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17113/ftb.62.02.24.8259.

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Research background. In the food industry, research interest in the functional effects of natural polysaccharides from plants has increased in recent years. Tragacanth gum is used in dairy products because of its stabilising, thickening, fat-replacing and prebiotic properties. However, skimmed milk is considered a significant commercial loss in the production of buffalo clotted cream. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the potential of tragacanth gum in the production of yoghurt from buffalo milk residues with different concentrations of tragacanth gum (0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/

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Bosch, Guido, Bruna Loureiro, Dirkjan Schokker, Soumya Kar, and Nicky Sluczanowski. "293 Impact of black soldier fly larvae meal in a dry extruded food on nutritional quality and health in adult cats." Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_3 (2024): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.128.

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Abstract Insects like the black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens; BSFL) have been proposed as protein-rich feed ingredients to support the growing demand for meat. The BSFL hold also promise for use as a protein source in pet foods and, as such, it has been studied for palatability, nutritional quality and health effects in dogs and cats. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of including BSFL meal in a dry, extruded food on nutritional quality and health in healthy adult cats. Two similar compositions of dry, extruded foods were formulated to meet the FEDIAF nutrition guidelines for a

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Yousfi, Salima, José Marín, Lorena Parra, Jaime Lloret, and Pedro V. Mauri. "A Rhizogenic Biostimulant Effect on Soil Fertility and Roots Growth of Turfgrass." Agronomy 11, no. 3 (2021): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030573.

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The excessive use of chemical fertilizers can lead to severe environmental damages. In recent decades, the application of biostimulants to improve soil composition and stimulate plant growth has contributed significantly to environmental preservation. In this paper, we studied the effect of a rhizogenic biostimulant, obtained from fulvic acids, probiotics, and prebiotics, on the fertility of two types of soils, sandy and sandy loam soils, in which turfgrass was growing. Soil samples from plots treated with biostimulant and controls (untreated plots) were collected. The analyzed parameters from

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Attia, Y. A., R. S. Hamed, A. E. Abd El-Hamid, H. A. Shahba, and F. Bovera. "Effect of inulin and mannan-oligosaccharides compared with zinc-bacitracin on growing performance, nutrient digestibility and hematological profiles of growing rabbits." Animal Production Science 55, no. 1 (2015): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an13286.

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The study aimed to evaluate the effect of inulin and mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) vs zinc-bacitracin (ZnB) on rabbit growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood profiles. In total, 108 rabbits 32 days of age were divided into four homogeneous groups fed the same basal diet and submitted to the following dietary treatments: control group, without supplementation; inulin group, supplemented with inulin (0.25 g/rabbit.day); MOS group, supplemented with MOS (0.083 g/rabbit.day); and ZnB group, supplemented with ZnB (0.083 g/rabbit.day). The supplements were administered 2 days per week

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Toporova, L., V. Lutsyuk, and I. Toporova. "The influence of sebelmin complex on meat traits of pigs and the economic effectiveness of pork production." Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production), no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-05-2006-07.

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In matters of animal feeding, scientists and practitioners pay great attention to the problem of improving the eff ectiveness of feed use by improving the digestibility and absorption of nutrients in diets when including enzymes, antioxidants, stabilizers, prebiotics and probiotics, fl avorings and other additives that optimize digestion and metabolism. Recently, it is important to use organic compounds of trace elements in animal diets in the form of chelated compounds, which allow reducing the rate of their input into the diet, ensuring more complete absorption of nutrients and realizing the

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Ghazalah, Abdallah Ali, Mohamed Ahmed Fouad El-Manylawi, Hady Fathy Abbas Motawe, Marwa Salah Khattab, and Yara Ibrahem Youssef. "Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Biochemical Properties, Hematological Traits, and Intestinal Histopathology of Broiler Chicks Fed Mannan Oligosaccharides." World's Veterinary Journal 11, no. 4 (2021): 621–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54203/scil.2021.wvj79.

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, , , , and Antibiotics as growth promoters in poultry diets are currently restricted, so other feed additives, such as prebiotics and probiotics, have been suggested as an antibiotics alternative to improve the performance and gut health of poultry. The current experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) as a potential replacement for an antibiotic on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood parameters, and caecal microbiota of broiler chickens. For conducting the current research experiment, a total of 180 one–day old Ross broiler c

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Yesiltas, Mehmet, Timothy D. Glotch, and Bogdan Sava. "Nano-FTIR spectroscopic identification of prebiotic carbonyl compounds in Dominion Range 08006 carbonaceous chondrite." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91200-8.

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AbstractMeteorites contain organic matter that may have contributed to the origin of life on Earth. Carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and carboxylic acids, which occur in meteorites, may be precursors of biologically necessary organic materials in the solar system. Therefore, such organic matter is of astrobiological importance and their detection and characterization can contribute to the understanding of the early solar system as well as the origin of life. Most organic matter is typically sub-micrometer in size, and organic nanoglobules are even smaller (50–300 nm). Novel analytical tech

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Abigail E. Cruz-Hernández,, Abigail E., Maria Colin-Garcia, Alejandro Heredia-Barbero, Alicia Negron-Mendoza, and Sergio Ramos-Bernal. "Heterogeneous radiolysis of urea. Implications in astrobiology and prebiotic chemistry." Open Chemistry 13, no. 1 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2015-0016.

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AbstractUrea is an organic molecule present in most living organisms. Historically, it was the first organic molecule synthesized in the laboratory. In prebiotic chemistry, urea readily forms in different laboratory simulations using different energy sources. Furthermore, the role of solid surfaces, particularly minerals, might have been crucial to increase the complexity of the organic matter which may have led to the subsequent emergence of life on Earth. In this work, the radiolysis of urea in presence of a clay is studied to determine to what extent the mineral surfaces influence the decom

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Sephton, Mark A., Andrew Steele, Frances Westall, and Florence Schubotz. "Organic matter and biomarkers: Why are samples required?" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 122, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2404256121.

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The search for evidence of past prebiotic or biotic activity on Mars will be enhanced by the return of samples to Earth laboratories. While impressive analytical feats have been accomplished by in situ missions on the red planet, accessing the capabilities of Earth’s global laboratories will present a step change in data acquisition. Highly diagnostic markers of past life are biomarkers, organic molecules whose architecture can be attributed to once living organisms. Similar organic molecular structures can also be used to identify the prebiotic steps that preceded any emergence of life. The s

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Alahmad, Abdelrahman, Lucas Edelman, Lisa Castel, et al. "Prebiotics: A Solution for Improving Plant Growth, Soil Health, and Carbon Sequestration?" Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, October 24, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01517-8.

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AbstractSoil fertility and productivity are severely impacted by exploitation and degradation processes. These threats, coupled with population growth and climatic changes, compel us to search for innovative agroecological solutions. Prebiotics, a type of soil biostimulant, are used to enhance soil conditions and plant growth and may play a role in carbon (C) sequestration. Two commercial prebiotics, K1® and NUTRIGEO L® (referred to as SPK and SPN, respectively), were assessed for their effects on agricultural soil cultivated with Zea mays L., compared to untreated soil or control (SP). Analys

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Ueno, Yuichiro, Johan A. Schmidt, Matthew S. Johnson, et al. "Synthesis of 13C-depleted organic matter from CO in a reducing early Martian atmosphere." Nature Geoscience, May 9, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-024-01443-z.

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AbstractOrganic matter found in early Martian sediment may yield clues to the planet’s environmental conditions, prebiotic chemistry and habitability, but its origin remains unclear. Strong 13C depletion in sedimentary organic matter at Gale crater was recently detected by the Curiosity rover. Although this enigmatic depletion remains debated, if correct, a mechanism to cause such strong 13C depletion is required. Here we show from CO2 photolysis experiments and theoretical considerations that solar ultraviolet photolysis of CO2 in a reducing atmosphere can yield strongly 13C-depleted CO. We s

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Changela, H. G., Y. Kebukawa, L. Petera, et al. "The evolution of organic material on Asteroid 162173 Ryugu and its delivery to Earth." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50004-w.

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AbstractThe recent return of samples from asteroid 162173 Ryugu provides a first insight into early Solar System prebiotic evolution from known planetary bodies. Ryugu’s samples are CI chondrite-like, rich in water and organic material, and primarily composed of phyllosilicate. This phyllosilicate surrounds micron to submicron macromolecular organic particles known as insoluble organic matter. Using advanced microscopy techniques on Hayabusa-2 samples, we find that aqueous alteration on Ryugu produced organic particles richer in aromatics compared to less altered carbonaceous chondrites. This

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Paschek, Klaus, Mijin Lee, Dmitry A. Semenov, and Thomas K. Henning. "Prebiotic Vitamin B3 Synthesis in Carbonaceous Planetesimals." ChemPlusChem, October 17, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202300508.

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Aqueous chemistry within carbonaceous planetesimals is promising for synthesizing prebiotic organic matter essential to all life. Meteorites derived from these planetesimals delivered these life building blocks to the early Earth, potentially facilitating the origins of life. Here, we studied the formation of vitamin B3 as it is an important precursor of the coenzyme NAD(P)(H), which is essential for the metabolism of all life as we know it. We propose a new reaction mechanism based on known experiments in the literature that explains the synthesis of vitamin B3. It combines the sugar precurso

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Vollmer, Christian, Demie Kepaptsoglou, Jan Leitner, et al. "High-spatial resolution functional chemistry of nitrogen compounds in the observed UK meteorite fall Winchcombe." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45064-x.

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AbstractOrganic matter in extraterrestrial samples is a complex material that might have played an important role in the delivery of prebiotic molecules to the early Earth. We report here on the identification of nitrogen-containing compounds such as amino acids and N-heterocycles within the recent observed meteorite fall Winchcombe by high-spatial resolution spectroscopy techniques. Although nitrogen contents of Winchcombe organic matter are low (N/C ~ 1–3%), we were able to detect the presence of these compounds using a low-noise direct electron detector. These biologically relevant molecule

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