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Journal articles on the topic 'Precast concrete floor slabs'
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1
Pang, Rui, Yibo Zhang, Longji Dang, Lanbo Zhang, and Shuting Liang. "Experimental and numerical investigation on the vertical bearing behavior of discrete connected new-type precast reinforced concrete floor system." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 11 (March 13, 2020): 2276–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220911141.
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This article proposes a new type of discrete connected precast reinforced concrete diaphragm floor system that consists of precast flat slabs and slab joint connectors. An experimental investigation of discrete connected new-type precast reinforced concrete diaphragm under a vertical distributed static load was conducted, and the effect of slab joint connectors on the load-bearing capacity was evaluated. Then, a finite element analysis of discrete connected new-type precast reinforced concrete diaphragm, precast reinforced concrete floors without slab connectors, and cast-in-situ reinforced concrete floor were performed to understand their working mechanism and determine the differences in load-bearing behavior. The results indicate that the load-bearing capacity and stiffness of discrete connected new-type precast reinforced concrete diaphragm increase considerably as the hairpin and cover plate hybrid slab joint connectors can efficiently connect adjacent precast slabs and enable them to work together under a vertical load by transmitting the shear and moment forces in the orthogonal slab laying direction. The deflection of discrete connected new-type precast reinforced concrete diaphragm in orthogonal slab laying direction is mainly caused by the opening deformation of the slab joint and the rotational deformation of the precast slabs. This flexural deformation feature can provide reference for establishing the bending stiffness analytical model of discrete connected new-type precast reinforced concrete diaphragm in orthogonal slab laying direction, which is vitally important for foundation of the vertical bearing capacity and deformation calculation method. The deflection and crack distribution patterns infer that the discrete connected new-type precast reinforced concrete diaphragm processes the deformation characteristic of two-way slab floor, which can provide a basis for the theoretical analysis of discrete connected new-type precast reinforced concrete diaphragm.
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Akimov, Seyran, Olga Balakchina, Elvira Akimova, Vladimir Malahov, and Vasilij Shalenny. "Improving the manufacturability of floor slabs by pre-installing elements that partially replace reinforced concrete and formwork." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 09019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809019.
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The article discusses well-known and perspective constructive and technological systems for the installation of monolithic and precast-monolithic floor slabs of civil and industrial buildings. It shows examples and expediency of using all kinds of inserts made of plastic and other light materials and products for replacing a part of heavy monolithic reinforced concrete. An original resource-saving method for the installation of precast-monolithic floor slabs with a simultaneous increase in the degree of their construction readiness is proposed. This effect is achieved by reducing their own weight and the use of permanent formwork. Reduction in own weight of the precast-monolithic floor slab is ensured by the use of volumetric lightweight trapezoidal or rectangular inserts, preferably made of expanded polystyrene, during its installation. The use of permanent formwork will eliminate the need for the subsequent performance of labor-intensive finishing and insulation works. To confirm the effectiveness of using the proposed method of precast-monolithic floor slab installation, the operation of two floor slabs was modeled in the LIRA SAPR computing complex - the proposed reinforced concrete innovative slab and a solid reinforced concrete slab. Having analyzed the calculated forces, deformations and the corresponding consumption of reinforcement and concrete, comparative indicators were obtained for the proposed innovative slab and for a typical solid floor slab. As a result, significant savings in material and cost have been proven.
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Tusnin, Alexander, and Alexey Kolyago. "The calculation of anchors in steel-concrete overlaps with precast slab." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 06022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199706022.
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Reinforced concrete floors and steel beams are widely used in buildings and structures for various purposes. Reinforced concrete overlaps can be cast-in or precast of hollow-core slabs. The most effective floors in which the concrete slab is located in the compressed area of cross-section, in steel beams in the tension zone, and shifting forces, arising between concrete slab and the steel beam, are perceived by anchors. Precast slabs in comparison with cast-in ones have less labor-intensive performance, the beam spacing is equal to the span of reinforced concrete slabs, there are no intermediate beams in such overlaps, that allows to reduce the floor thickness. The inclusion of precast in steel-concrete cross-section requires joints with steel beams, which requires using of special anchors. Anchor perceives shear forces and ensures the joint operation of the plate and the steel beam. In addition, for beams with narrow flange, the anchor device can provide the required width of the support slabs. The calculation of the attachment points of the anchors to the steel beam is carried out using three variants of calculation methods, which allow to determine the forces acting on the anchor. For practical application, a wire-element model has been proposed and managed to get forces in a steel beam, slab and anchors the width of the slab recommended by the standards should be included in the calculation model.
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Lin, Feng, Xiuming Yang, Keyu Li, Xianglin Gu, and Xiang Li. "Failure of wall–slab joint in unreinforced masonry building." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 5 (August 5, 2016): 759–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216662775.
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Investigations on buildings severely damaged due to earthquakes or explosions have indicated that unreinforced masonry buildings with simply supported precast concrete floor slabs exhibit deficiencies in resistance to progressive collapse, compared to unreinforced masonry buildings with continuous cast in situ concrete floor slabs. The collapse mechanisms observed in the two types of unreinforced masonry buildings are closely related to wall–slab joint failure. The purpose of this study is to investigate the failure behavior of wall–slab joints and the effect on the collapse of the two types of unreinforced masonry buildings. Six wall–slab joint specimens and eight grooved wall specimens, induced by partial failure of wall–slab joints, were tested under monotonic vertical and horizontal loading. Numerical models were then developed, verified, and used to perform a parametric study. It was found that the wall–slab joints failed in various modes, that is, slab failure, wall failure, and slab pullout failure. The grooved wall could fail in bending or in compression. Analyses indicated that the collapse of unreinforced masonry buildings with simply supported precast concrete floor slabs develops in both vertical and horizontal directions. However, the collapse of unreinforced masonry buildings with continuous cast in situ concrete floor slabs is prone to develop only in the vertical direction, resulting in improved progressive collapse resistance.
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Hubertová, Michala, and Pavel Hladík. "Precast Floor Plates from Lightweight Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 1106 (June 2015): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1106.152.
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The paper deals with a system of precast floor plates from lightweight concrete intended mainly for building of family houses and residential construction. The developed system has two types of precast floor plates made from lightweight concrete: floor plates for floor systems and solid section floor plates. This paper describes solid section floor plates. The unambiguous advantage of lightweight concrete floor construction is weight lower by as much as 37% compared to floor structure made from common concrete, while bearing strength remains unchanged as well as high fire resistance. This type of floor slabs has also been successful in the system of assembled prefabricated houses thanks to its lower weight and elimination of the wet construction process.
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Smolyago, G. A., S. V. Drokin, A. V. Dronov, A. P. Belousov, S. A. Pushkin, V. V. Shirokij, and E. G. Smolyago. "RECONSTRUCTION OF PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE FLAT FLOOR SLABS." Building and reconstruction 82, no. 2 (2019): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2019-82-2-116-122.
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Derkowski, Wit, and Mateusz Surma. "Influence of concrete topping on behaviour of prestressed Hollow Core floor slabs on flexible supports." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 1 (March 11, 2013): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2180.
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Slim Floors (SF) are the structures made of the Hollow Core (HC) slabs supported on the slender beams, where the beam height is usually slightly greater than the height of precast slab element. With the increase of the supports' deflection, the deformation of the HC slab occurs, and in consequence, additional transverse normal and shear stresses appear in the precast element, which can cause a diagonal cracking and destruction of external webs of this element. It may also result in longitudinal cracks on bottom surface of the slab. Despite the frequent implementation of this type of structures, the existing standard EN 1168 gave only a brief record of the need to take the reduction in design shear capacity into account, but is not given any calculation procedure.
It is widely believed that reduction of unfavourable effects of shear stress in the HC slab’s web can be achieved by filling the cores with concrete or arrangement of the monolithic layer or concrete topping. The fib guidelines are practically the only one document which allows to determine the shear capacity of SF slabs, including the influence of concrete topping or core filling – brief description of this design model is presented in the paper. In order to determine the effect of concrete topping on the behaviour of prestressed HC slabs on the flexible supports, a number of calculation analyzes were performed, which take into account the effects of thickness of the concrete topping, the value of the friction coefficient between the concrete topping and the precast element, the sequence of concreting of vertical joints and topping layer and the amount of supplementary reinforcement in the topping. The results of the calculations, and the conclusions derived from them, are presented in the article.
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Zhou, Wei, Jian Xin Zhang, and Wen Zhong Zheng. "Research on New Type of Prestressed Concrete Double Tee Floor Slabs." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 2376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.2376.
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Prestressed concrete double Tee floor slabs are widely used for the roof of building construction. Some problems are met during the development practice of this type of precast structures. Firstly, the overhang flange of the traditional double Tee floor slab is not enough large in the view of economic and utilization. Secondly, it is not easy to dispose the skylights on the roof used double Tee floor slabs in the workshops or the gymnasiums. Thirdly, most of the beams are produced in prestressing plants, but very few productions are made in site. Therefore, a new type of prestressed concrete double Tee floor slabs have been designed with some characters such as 3.0-m outside flange, flange slabs with rectangular opening holes for the skylights or not, and the beams produced in the prestressing plants with pre-tensioning prestressing tendons or post-tensioning with the strands in site.
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Szweda, Zofia. "Analysis of protective features of concrete in precast prestressed floor slabs (HC type) against chloride penetration." MATEC Web of Conferences 163 (2018): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816305006.
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This paper describes protective features of concrete used in precast prestressed floor slabs against chloride penetration. HC-500 hollow core slabs are designed for constructing ceilings in skeletal buildings with reinforced concrete. Material and structural protection used in slabs determines the acceptable range of using HC slabs, taking into account durability of floors during their normal exploitation. These slabs can be used in buildings where environmental conditions affect them according to the following exposure classes: X0, XC1, XC2, XC3 (according to standards: EN 206-1: 2003 [1], EN 1992-1-1:2004 [2]). Values of diffusion coefficient for concrete collected directly from precast prestressed HC-500 slabs, were determined during short (24h and 48h) tests accelerated by the electric field. In those tests we used a thermodynamic migration model and a reverse equation of chloride migration in concrete. Taking into consideration values of diffusion coefficient and diffusion equation, the time required for chloride concentration to reach critical value for reinforcement and the thickness of reinforcement cover were established under the condition that the structure durability was subjected to the exposure class XD3 (chapter 4 of the standard PN 1992-1-1[2]).
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Tamrazyan, Ashot, and Arman Minasyan. "The influence of depth of tensile concrete deterioration on the load bearing strength and deflections of corrosion-damaged floor slabs." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825102012.
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The paper considers the change of load-bearing strength and deflections of corrosion-damaged precast reinforced concrete floor slabs in the conditions of cyclic freezing-thawing in full-scale climatic conditions. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the depth of tensile concrete deterioration on the change in load-bearing strength and deflections. Corrosion-damaged precast reinforced concrete floor slabs were selected and experimental investigation was performed. Based on the results of the study, the influence of the depth of deterioration of tensile zone of concrete on the load-bearing strength and deflections of structures was determined. At the same time, as the loads increase, deflections increase and the height of the compressive zone decreases. In the experimental investigation, changes of the load-bearing strength and deflections of precast reinforced concrete slabs were determined, depending on the depth of tensile concrete deterioration. The performed studies allow us to estimate the load-bearing strength and deflection values of corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete slabs depending on the relative value of the concrete deterioration in the tensile zone without performing additional experiments and calculations.
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Mchenga, Joshua, and Rochelle H. Holm. "Can a precast pit latrine concrete floor withstand emptying operations? An investigation from Malawi." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 9, no. 1 (December 7, 2018): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.096.
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Abstract For fecal sludge from households in low- and middle-income countries to be treated offsite it needs to be removed, which can be greatly affected by the pit latrine floor design. However, it is unclear whether precast pit latrine concrete floors (latrine slabs) can withstand emptiers and their equipment. To investigate this issue, 28 prefabricated latrine slabs were purchased in two cities of Malawi. They were first visually evaluated, and then their compression strength was tested. Additionally, each seller was asked a series of questions to better understand their business, training, and construction practices. Results showed that households should perform due diligence to ensure that they are purchasing a safe precast latrine slab. Commonly reported problems included nonstandard reinforcement material and spacing, in addition to slabs that were not thick enough or were not large enough in diameter. The results of this research illustrate the inherent complexity in ensuring high-quality decentralized sanitation solutions and how one component, the user interface, if implemented poorly, can affect the rest of the value chain. The findings from this work can help inform training and initiatives that engage artisans and suppliers who play a role in the provision of onsite sanitation service delivery.
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Azizov, Talyat, Wit Derkowski, and Nadzieja Jurkowska. "Consideration of the Torsional Stiffness in Hollow-Core Slabs’ Design." Materials Science Forum 968 (August 2019): 330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.968.330.
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The paper discusses the principles of precast concrete hollow-core slabs taking into account their spatial work. It is shown that consideration of spatial work makes it possible to determine the forces in individual floor slabs significantly more precise. The fact that strain redistribution between precast floor slabs depends on slabs’ bending and torsional stiffness is shown. The research has been mostly devoted to determination of the bending stiffness with regard to formation of cracks and the change in torsional stiffness, especially considering the presence of normal cracks, which is still unstudied. This paper presents the technique for determining the torsional stiffness of hollow-core slabs with normal cracks. In order to determine the components included in the resolving system of equations, it is proposed to use an approximation method based on the processing of numerical data using spatial finite elements.
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Liu, Jiepeng, Shu Huang, Jiang Li, and Y. Frank Chen. "Vibration Behavior of Composite Slab with Precast Ribbed Panels due to Transient Impact." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 19, no. 12 (December 2019): 1950148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455419501487.
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Excessive floor vibrations due to human activities such as heel-drop and jumping can induce annoyance to occupants and cause a serious serviceability problem. Both field tests and finite element analysis were conducted to study the vibration behavior of the composite slab with precast ribbed panels (CSPRP), a relatively new floor system compared with the cast-in-place reinforced concrete (RC) slab. In addition, both heel-drop and jumping impacts were employed to generate the acceleration response of the floor, from which two important vibration characteristics of natural frequencies and damping ratios are obtained. A comparison of the vibration behavior of CSPRPs with RC slabs indicates that the former exhibits more satisfactory perceptibility in terms of vibration. Appropriate coefficients (i.e. [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) with the root-mean-square and peak accelerations subjected to heel-drop and jumping excitations are proposed for both CSPRPs and RC slabs. Lastly, an extensive parametric study considering different boundary conditions, floor types, and floor spans was carried out using the finite element method. It is recommended to use CSPRP under 3.3[Formula: see text]m span in order to keep the fundamental frequency above 3.0[Formula: see text]Hz.
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Kalimur Rahman, M., Isam A. Mahmoud, and M. H. Baluch. "Finite Element Modeling of Prestressed Hollow Core Slab Strengthened with CFRP Sheets in Flexure and Shear." Key Engineering Materials 400-402 (October 2008): 531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.400-402.531.
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Precast concrete construction with prestressed precast hollow core slab as floor and roofing is being extensively used in the Gulf region. These one way slabs are sometimes subjected to unforeseen loads with a partition wall in shear zone or as a cantilever. A detailed experimental program involving full-scale load testing of hollow core slabs has been conducted involving testing of virgin and CFRP strengthened slabs in flexure and shear. This paper presents the results of the experimental and numerical evaluation of flexural and shear behavior of the hollow core slabs. The hollow-core slabs were modeled using the nonlinear finite element software DIANA and the load deflection behavior and ultimate capacity were evaluated numerically. For the FE model, concrete was modeled using Drucker-Prager with tension cut-off failure criterion, and Von-Mises plasticity with multilinear isotropic hardening was used to model the prestressing strands. Comparison between the experimental and the numerical results indicated that the finite element model predicted experimentally determined results successfully.
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Cooke, Gordon M. E. "Behaviour of precast concrete floor slabs exposed to standardised fires." Fire Safety Journal 36, no. 5 (July 2001): 459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-7112(01)00005-4.
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Kim, Seung Hun. "Flexural Behavior of Void RC and PC Slab with Polystyrene Forms." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.61.
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Where the self weight of the overall RC(Reinforced Concrete) or PC(Precast Concrete) floor system needs to be considered, the quantity of in-situ concrete required can be reduced by the application of polystyrene void forms to slab. In this study, flexural behaviors of void RC and PC slab with polystyrene form were evaluated to understand the effect on the self weight reduction of the slab. This paper presents experimental works and finite element analysis on the bending of the void slabs. Six specimens were tested. The main parameters of experiments were the slab types (RC and PC), the types and arrangement details of polystyrene form, and the thickness of slab. Structural behaviors of void slabs were evaluated on the basis of failure mode, load-displacement curve, and ultimate strengths. Test results indicated that nominal strengths by ACI code agreed well with experimental results. The results of analysis were compared with the results of test for estimating the validity of analysis model.
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Koyankin, Alexandr, and Valeriy Mitasov. "Assessment of structural reliability of precast concrete buildings." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814301001.
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Precast housing construction is currently being under rapid development, however, reliability of building structures made from precast reinforced concrete cannot be assessed rationally due to insufficient research data on that subject. In this regard, experimental and numerical studies were conducted to assess structural reliability of precast buildings as described in the given paper. Experimental studies of full-scale and model samples were conducted; numerical studies were held based on finite element models using “Lira” software. The objects under study included fragment of flooring of a building under construction, full-size fragment of flooring, full-scale models of precast cross-beams-to-columns joints and joints between hollow-core floor slabs and precast and cast-in-place cross-beams. Conducted research enabled to perform an objective assessment of structural reliability of precast buildings.
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Bosakov, S. V., A. I. Mordich, A. A. Karyakin, S. A. Sonin, and I. S. Derbentsev. "Distribution of Load Forces in Hollow Core Slabs of Precast Solid Floor Supported on Bearing Walls." Science & Technique 18, no. 2 (April 17, 2019): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2019-18-2-93-103.
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The need to cut construction cost of residential and public buildings and provide them with a free and transformable planning structure during their operation cause interest in building wall systems with a large step of bearing walls. In order to reduce labor inputs and increase rate of construction in such building load-bearing system it is also necessary to maximize the use of large-sized prefabricated products and minimize consumption of in-situ concrete. In this case prefabricated products should be substituted according to the conditions of local (regional) construction industry base and volume of in-situ concrete must be sufficient to ensure a complete redistribution of internal forces between elements of the bearing system under load. As for the described bearing wall system of a multi-storey building the paper presents a flat precast solid floor formed by hollow-core slabs and monolithic crossbars supported by load-bearing walls. The hollow-core slabs supported at the ends on cast-in-place crossbars in the planes of bearing walls are arranged in dense groups between cast-in-place braced cross-beams. Dense contacts between overlapping elements are fixed by internal bonds. New data on distribution of forces in floor elements under the action of a vertical load have been obtained on the basis of full-scale tests and existing theoretical assumptions. It has been established that due to this load reactive thrust forces ensuring an operation of every hollow-core slab group in the floor as an effective solid plate supported along the contour have been originated in the floor plane along two main axes. Calculation of the reactive thrust forces makes it possible more accurately to assess a load-bearing capacity and rigidity of the precast solid floor and to increase a step of bearing walls up to 8 m and more while having hollow-core slabs with a thickness of 220 mm.
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Catoia, Bruna, Marcelo De Araujo Ferreira, and Libanio Miranda Pinheiro. "Study of Shear Capacity in Brazilian Prestressed Hollow Core Slabs." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1213.
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Hollow core slabs have a bold design and can be used in a wide variety of structural systems, performing like floor slabs or wall panels. These slabs are economical due to geometrical and mechanical efficiency of its cross sections, allowing the rationalization of materials consumption (concrete and prestressed strands). The increase of the use of hollow core slabs within the Brazilian construction market has caused a significant boost of production, demanding the assessment of the actual strength capacity of these elements. This paper presents results relative to several hollow core slabs produced in a Brazilian factory, subjected to shear tests according to FIB recommendations. The experimental results were compared with those obtained with the equations from the Guide to Good Practice: Special Design Considerations for Precast Prestressed Hollow Core Floors, published by FIB in 2000.
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Lam, D., K. S. Elliott, and D. A. Nethercot. "Experiments on composite steel beams with precast concrete hollow core floor slabs." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 140, no. 2 (May 2000): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2000.140.2.127.
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Mironova, Juliya. "Structural solution of the horizontal joint of floor slabs in girderless frame." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 03017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127403017.
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Despite the widespread use of monolithic construction, precast concrete remains in demand in the construction of residential and administrative buildings. Regardless of the advantages in technology and the quality of work, it is necessary and appropriate to modernize the existing design solutions, which allows you to simplify and speed up the technological operations during construction. Moreover, in the construction of complex nodes and joints, the qualification of workers is important, so simplifying the work without losing the quality of construction and ensuring strength, stability and durability is an important task. This problem can be solved by using modern embedded parts in the joints that do not require welding and other complex technological operations. In this paper, a constructive solution of the horizontal joint of the floor slabs located in the zone of action of minimal forces is proposed on the example of a girderless frame. The purpose of the study is to determine the stress-strain state of the proposed structural solution of the horizontal joint of floor slabs using loopshaped embedded parts «PFEIFER» and to develop recommendations for determining the shear compliance. Based on the analysis of the results of numerical modeling, the features of the stress-strain state of the joint during shear operation are revealed. The results obtained can be used in the design of buildings with precast-monolithic ringless frames, in the modernization of existing standard solutions of precast-monolithic frames, as well as other load-bearing systems made of precast concrete.
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UPNJATIM, CI-TECH, Alma Christine Puspasari Rumaseb, Made Dharma Astawa, and Sumaidi. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRECAST CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB WITH CAST IN SITU AND STRUCTURE STABILITY OF GKB UPN "VETERAN" EAST JAVA." CI-TECH 1, no. 01 (September 23, 2020): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/ci-tech.v1i01.11.
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Gedung Kuliah Bersama was modified into ten floors, constructed using precast pretension slabs, namely hollow core slabs on the second to five floors and cast in situ slabs, namely steel deck on floors six to ten. Gedung Kuliah Bersama is located at the UPN “Veteran” East Java in the city of Surabaya. Geologically and tectonically, Surabaya City is in an active fault zone, so that the tectonic activity that occurs can cause damage to building structures and construction materials. Pushover analysis is an analysis that can be used to determine the pattern of structural collapse when an earthquake occurs. Based on the results of the analysis, precast pretension slabs (hollow core slabs) with segments of 1500 mm × 7000 mm × 150 mm with PC Wire reinforcement ϕ7-121 mm and cast in situ (steel deck) slabs with a thickness of 120 mm with wiremesh reinforcement M8-150 mm. The difference in the bending strength of the two types of slabs is 38.73%. The results of the pushover analysis show that the structural performance at the Damage Control (DO) level shows that the building is able to withstand the earthquake that occurs and the risk of casualties is very small.
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Ju, Young K., and Sang-Dae Kim. "Structural behavior of alternative low floor height system using structural "tee," half precast concrete, and horizontal stud." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 32, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l04-095.
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Conventional composite construction consisting of steel beams and concrete slabs has been widely used throughout the world. When compared with a concrete flat-slab structure, however, the reduced beam height is a significant problem and is particularly important in a city where land prices are higher because a height reduction of 15 cm per storey can lead to a 750 cm reduction in the total height for a 50 storey building (equivalent to two storeys). In this paper a newly developed composite beam, the technical, economical, and convenient (TEC) beam, is proposed and experimentally investigated using a series of monotonic loading tests. The results show that the capacity of the proposed system is in agreement with design code predictions, and the system demonstrates a reliable composite behavior between steel beam and concrete slab.Key words: composite beam, steel structure, monotonic loading, flexural capacity.
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AGUIAR, O. P., R. B. CALDAS, F. C. RODRIGUES, and H. N. .BELLEI. "Plate with holes as shear connector in cold formed steel composite beams." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 12, no. 3 (June 2019): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952019000300005.
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Abstract In search of an improved compatibility between cold-formed steel profiles and precast floor systems, this study proposes an alternative shear connector for cold-formed steel-concrete composite beams. This connector consists of a steel plate with holes placed longitudinally in the middle of the upper flange of the steel profile, aiming to maximize the support area for precast slabs during the assembly. The proposed solution was experimentally tested on I-beams under bending, composed by two cold-formed steel channels, connected to a reinforced concrete slab by the shear connector. The relative slip between the steel profile and concrete, vertical deflection of the beam, and strains at several locations of the composite section were measured. The results show that the proposed connector assures shear transfer at the interface of the composite section components and shows strength of the same magnitude as other commonly used connectors.
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Bistrickaitė, Rėda. "EVALUATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND VERTICAL SHEAR REINFORCEMENT IN CONTACT ZONE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS WITH SURVIVAL MOULDS /GELŽBETONINIŲ KONSTRUKCIJŲ SU LIKTINIAIS KLOJINIAIS JUNGIAMOJO STRYPYNO IR BETONO PAVIRŠIAUS ŠIURKŠTUMO ĮVERTINIMAS KONTAKTO ZONOJE." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 6, no. 5 (October 31, 2000): 322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.2000.10531609.
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Structurally and technologically expedient and economic precast-monolithic reinforcement floor slabs are widely used in western European countries. In Lithuania they are unknown, although there are all conditions for introducing them. Precast-monolithic slabs are made from precast layers (used as survival moulds) and monolithic layers (poured in situ). These layers are connected to make a compact structure with vertical shear reinforcement. There exists a method for calculating slabs analogous to a curved top truss. According to this method, the deflection of composite slabs increases considerably compared with that of one-layer structures. By evaluating both the transformation of tangential shear stress in the cross-section of bending elements and the influence of adhesive power in the contact zone, we have defined in a more exact way the method for calculating composite slabs. Additionally, we have included a vertical reinforcement into the structure and diminished vertical deflections of slabs up to the values close to those of one-layer structures.
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Sokolov, B. S., and E. O. Troshkov. "Influence of axial deformability of joints on the results of static calculation of the UIKSS bearing system." Вестник гражданских инженеров 17, no. 1 (2020): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2020-17-1-87-93.
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The article is devoted to the problem of static calculation of the UIKSS system (universal industrial frame construction system), which is a precast reinforced concrete frame with girder-free non-accumulating floors, taking into account the axial deformability of plug joints between columns and slabs. The principle of modeling the frame in the LIRA-SAPR software package is considered and illustrated with an example, taking into account the joint stiffness parameters determined by the author’s method developed on the basis of numerical and experimental studies. The comparison and analysis of the obtained forces and displacements with and without taking into account the deformability of plug joints of columns with floor slabs is presented.
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Lam, D., K. S. Elliott, and D. A. Nethercot. "Parametric study on composite steel beams with precast concrete hollow core floor slabs." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 54, no. 2 (May 2000): 283–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-974x(99)00049-8.
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Yardim, Yavuz, A. M. T. Waleed, Mohd Saleh Jaafar, and Saleh Laseima. "AAC-concrete light weight precast composite floor slab." Construction and Building Materials 40 (March 2013): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.10.011.
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Molkens, Tom, and Ann Van Gysel. "Structural Behavior of Floor Systems Made by Floor Plates—Mechanical Model Based on Test Results." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020730.
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In daily engineering practice, the execution of concrete slabs by the mean of precast floor plates is seen as a common and reliable way to create massive slabs. In the last few decades, however, there has been an evolution to flat slabs and other uses where important bending moments must be transferred over the joints between the floor plates. For this kind of application, there is a lack of knowledge and experimental evidence based on large-scale tests to define accurate failure and design models. In this work, a comprehensive overview is given of 20 large-scale tests and some additional tests to support the findings and observations. It is confirmed that a purely bending-based design of the joints delivers reliable results, but some conditions are set; first, the maximum distance of the lattice girder to the joint may not exceed 400 mm without voiding elements. Second, only a 95 mm distance must be respected with voiding elements or additional protruding reinforcement must be applied. Attention is also given to how the system works when the major components—adhesion, mechanical interlock, and friction—are missing at the interface. Finally, repair possibilities are discussed and how they should be designed.
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Gong, Liang, Zhongfan Chen, Yan Feng, Sihan Ruan, and Liuhui Tu. "Experimental Study on an Innovative Hollow Concrete Floor System Assembled with Precast Panels and Self-Thermal-Insulation Infills." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (July 24, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6663412.
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This paper presents an innovative hollow concrete floor system comprising hollow precast panels and self-thermal-insulation infills. The precast panels are connected by welded reinforcement bars and cast-in-situ concrete joints. To study the vertical load-carrying capacity and the working mechanism of this innovative floor system, a static loading test was carried out on a 1/2 scale model. The specimen consists of six precast slab members, four precast reinforced concrete beams and columns, respectively. Experimental and simulation results related to the crack development and vertical load-carrying capacity were analyzed. It is found that the innovative floor system could meet the capacity requirements of the Chinese code. Furthermore, the crack development of the innovative system shows similar characteristics with the solid floor. To explore the feasibility of the existed analysis methods, the specimen was simulated and compared by nonlinear analysis in ABAQUS. The comparison illustrates that the analogue cross beam method is more accurate and suitable for the simulation of the innovative hollow concrete floor system.
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Szweda, Zofia, and Zbigniew Buliński. "Application of inverse methodology to estimation of chloride diffusion coefficient in concrete of prestressed precast slab." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817401008.
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Work presents an investigation of chloride penetration of HC-500 prestressed concrete slabs made of precast concrete. This type of concrete slabs is widely used to construct floors in steel or reinforced concrete framing buildings. In such solutions ceiling can be considered as a simple-supported beam. Considered precast concrete was made of C50/C60 concrete with use of Portland cement CEM II 52.5 R. Investigated specimens were sampled directly from the upper part of prestressed concrete slabs. The process of chloride penetration in concrete can be described by the non-linear diffusion equation. In the paper Bayesian inverse technique was applied to estimate diffusion coefficient of chloride in concrete treated as a saturated porous material. Unknown distribution of estimated parameters was sampled with use of Metropolis-Hastings algorithm which allowed us to obtain unknown values and their error bounds. Obtained values of diffusion coefficient were confronted against values obtained with use of norms: NT BUILD 443 and ASTM C 1556 - 03 and against previously developed methodology based on the analytical solution of the diffusion equation.
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Cheng, Jie Yun, Lei Zhao, and Jian Jun Yang. "Study on Short-Term Rigidity of Precast Composite Slab with Steel Truss and Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.198.
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Composite slab by steel bar truss and concrete was a new style of floor slab. Because there were the small steel bar trusses in precast member, its short-term rigidity was higher than the normal composite floor slab. The structure was divide into four kinds, according to the relative location of the neutron-axis and the combined interface of slab; the relative value of the moment in first phase and the cracking moment of the precast slab. The different formulas to calculate short-term rigidity of precast member for four kinds were obtained. Through the models of composite slab by steel bar truss and concrete with different dimensions were established using finite element structural program, the formula feasibility was confirmed
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SHEMBAKOV, V. A. "Innovative Construction Technology with High Factory Readiness from the Chuvash Republic." Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo, no. 10 (2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2020-10-29-35.
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The technology that fully meets the modern requirements of the market in the Russian Federation is presented – stand technology of precast-monolithic frame and large-panel housing construction with the use of floor slabs with pre-stressing up to 8 m, both solid and caisson versions on universal stands. This technology, which combines the best solutions of prefabricated, monolithic, panel, brick and other construction technologies, competes with the latest Western developments. The advantages of the proposed technology are as follows: high factory readiness and quality, versatility and architectural expressiveness of building structures (97% of the frame), precast building; energy savings – consumption is three times less compared to existing technologies for the production of reinforced concrete products; material savings (1.5 times less than for monolithic and panel housing construction); high speed of construction (up to 5 ths. m2 of prefabricated monolithic frame per month for one tower crane; lower weight of bearing structures compared to other structures (0.146 m3 of precast concrete per 1 m2 of the total area of the building) and, as a result, lower costs for foundations and the use of mechanisms with a lower load capacity on construction sites; reliable erection without welding; usable area – more than 80% of the total area; free planning solutions; quick adjustment of equipment for the production of products necessary for the market at a given time. The bench technology of precast-monolithic frame and large-panel housing construction with the use of floor slabs with pre-stressing up to 8 m is an example of the implementation of inter-industry cooperation in the construction materials and mechanical engineering industry based on Russian scientific developments and adapted modern foreign technologies. Keywords: innovations, construction technology with high factory readiness, modernization of large-panel housing construction and construction industry plants, industrial housing construction, prefabricated monolithic frame, energy efficiency, construction speed.
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Chang, Peng, Qian Feng Yao, and A. Ping Wang. "Crack Resistance Analyses on RC Composite Floor Slab." Key Engineering Materials 302-303 (January 2006): 637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.302-303.637.
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Cracking behavior of reinforced concrete composite floor slab, which has a significant effect on durability of concrete structures, is studied. Crack resistance of one-way composite floor slab is analyzed during transfer stage, handling stage, construction stage and serviceability stage, and calculation formulas are presented. Precast prestressed plank and topping cast-in-situ concrete layer can be designed as composite floor slab. It is assumed that prestressed unit is in elastic stage under service loads and hence every stress subentry can be calculated on the base of linear elastic theory and can be added linearly. For two-way composite floor slab, principal tensile stress in concrete is deduced on the base of theory of three-dimensional stress state in material mechanics. In addition, two-way effect on stress and practical distribution pattern of moment and shear force are considered. A number of structure experiment and experiences from engineering practice show that cracking behavior of reinforced concrete composite floor slab is a necessary consideration in design and analysis method shown in this paper is convenient and effective.
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Ravasini, Simone, Beatrice Belletti, Emanuele Brunesi, Roberto Nascimbene, and Fulvio Parisi. "Nonlinear Dynamic Response of a Precast Concrete Building to Sudden Column Removal." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020599.
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Robustness of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is an ongoing challenging research topic in the engineering community. During an extreme event, the loss of vertical load-bearing elements can activate large-deformation resisting mechanisms such as membrane and catenary actions in beams and floor slabs of cast-in-situ RC buildings to resist gravity loads. However, few studies have been conducted for precast concrete (PC) buildings, especially focused on the capacity of such structures to withstand column loss scenarios, which mainly relies on connection strength. Additional resistance resource and alternate load paths could be reached via tying systems. In this paper, the progressive collapse resistance of a PC frame building is analyzed by means of nonlinear dynamic finite element analyses focusing on the fundamental roles played by beam-to-column connection strength and tying reinforcement. A simplified modelling approach is illustrated in order to investigate the response of such a structural typology to a number of sudden column-removal scenarios. The relative simplicity of the modelling technique is considered useful for engineering practice, providing new input for further research in this field.
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Ravasini, Simone, Beatrice Belletti, Emanuele Brunesi, Roberto Nascimbene, and Fulvio Parisi. "Nonlinear Dynamic Response of a Precast Concrete Building to Sudden Column Removal." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020599.
Full textAbstract:
Robustness of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is an ongoing challenging research topic in the engineering community. During an extreme event, the loss of vertical load-bearing elements can activate large-deformation resisting mechanisms such as membrane and catenary actions in beams and floor slabs of cast-in-situ RC buildings to resist gravity loads. However, few studies have been conducted for precast concrete (PC) buildings, especially focused on the capacity of such structures to withstand column loss scenarios, which mainly relies on connection strength. Additional resistance resource and alternate load paths could be reached via tying systems. In this paper, the progressive collapse resistance of a PC frame building is analyzed by means of nonlinear dynamic finite element analyses focusing on the fundamental roles played by beam-to-column connection strength and tying reinforcement. A simplified modelling approach is illustrated in order to investigate the response of such a structural typology to a number of sudden column-removal scenarios. The relative simplicity of the modelling technique is considered useful for engineering practice, providing new input for further research in this field.
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Dovzhenko, O. A., V. V. Pohribnyi, and L. V. Karabash. "EFFECTIVE KEYED CONNECTIONS OF HOLLOW-CORE FLOOR SLABS WITH WALLS IN MODERN LARGE-PANEL HOUSE BUILDING." Science & Technique 17, no. 2 (April 13, 2018): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-2-146-156.
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The paper considers large-panel constructive system of multi-storey buildings and its industrial basis creates conditions for intensive volume growth in house construction. Application of hollow-core panels are recommended as floor slabs that allows to increase a distance between bearing walls, to improve planning solutions, and also significantly to increase thermal and sound protection properties of floor discs (coatings). Keyed joints having the highest resistance to shearing forces are used to ensure joint action of the slabs with wall panels. A supporting unit of floor elements in the precast-monolithic constructive system ARKOS by means of concrete keys is considered as a prototype of the considered joint. In order to increase a bearing capacity and improve reliability of joints it is envisaged to reinforce keys with space frames. Improvement of joint units is possible to carry out with due account of total number of the factors influencing on strength. Poltava National Technical University named after Yuri Kondratyuk has developed a general methodology for assessment of bearing capacity in keyed joints which is based on the variational method in the theory of concrete plasticity and reflects specificity of stress-strain state of the failure zone. For experimental verification of this methodology investigations have been carried out with the purpose to test operation of keys when they are reinforced in mid-height and reinforcement is distributed in two tiers. The observed experimental fracture pattern in the specimens has confirmed kinematic schemes accepted for calculations and comparative analysis of experimental and theoretical values points to their closeness. Two-level reinforcement significantly improves plastic properties of concrete keys and excludes brittle failure. The proposed design of the joint unit for floor slabs with wall panels is characterized by the ratio of key dimensions and shape of reinforcing cages in the form of hollow cylinders which ensure higher strength and seismic resistance of a joint.
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Yun, Hyun-Do, Hye-Ran Kim, and Won-Chang Choi. "Hysteretic Response of Tilt-Up Concrete Precast Walls with Embedded Steel Plate Connections." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 24, 2020): 7907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197907.
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Many connection systems are available that can transfer tension and shear loads from a precast concrete wall panel to a floor slab. However, due to the insufficient anchor depth in relatively thin precast concrete panels, it is difficult to attain adequate ductility and stiffness to ensure structural integrity. Based on the authors’ previous research results, the supplementary reinforcement of embedded steel plates in precast concrete wall panels can enhance stiffness while maintaining allowable displacement and ductility. In this study, three full-size tilt-up precast concrete panels with embedded steel plates were fabricated. Lateral cyclic loads were applied to full support structures consisting of a precast concrete wall panel and a foundation. The test results were compared with the results predicted using existing code equations found in the American Concrete Institute 318-14 and the Prestressed Concrete Institute Handbooks. The test results confirm that the supplementary reinforcement of thin precast concrete wall panels can provide (i) the required strength based on current code equations, (ii) sufficient ductility, and (iii) the energy dissipation capacity to resist cyclic loading.
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Li, Qing Ning, Li Jun Li, and Wei Shan Jiang. "Structure and Deflection Analysis of a New Assembled Floor." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 2998–3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.2998.
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For assembly monolithic floor, this paper presents a new idea, that is "precast concrete hollow slab + post-pouring belt ". It reduces the cast layer on the traditional laminated board. The post-pouring belt is pour in the joint parts of beam and board, board and board in order to realize the integrity and ensure the whole stiffness of the floor. In this paper, the vertical force performance of the assembly integral floor is analyzed by using ANSYS finite element program, and the result is contrasted with experiment. A reasonable calculation method of the fabricated floor deflection is suggested.
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Xia, Yuanxin, Chunxiu Han, Donghua Zhou, Yonghui Wang, and Peng Wang. "Ultimate flexural strength analysis of composite slim floor beam." Advances in Structural Engineering 24, no. 10 (February 15, 2021): 2214–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433221994340.
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This paper presents a new type of composite slim floor beam, determined by combining the results of an experimental study and theoretical analysis of the ultimate flexural strength of slim floor beams. The shear connectors play a significant role in the mechanical properties of this type of composite slim floor beam, because the precast concrete slab is laid on the bottom flange of the steel section and because the upper portion of the steel beam is encased in the cast-in-place concrete slab. To investigate the ultimate flexural strength, three specimens, which included headed studs, transverse steel bar shear connectors and no shear connectors, were tested. Additionally, a detailed numerical analysis was performed to verify the experimental results, which indicated that a higher-strength steel beam and thicker concrete slab can effectively enhance the stiffness and flexural capacity of the composite slim floor beam. Based on plastic mechanics and limit analysis theory, a calculation method was derived to estimate the ultimate flexural strength of a composite slim floor beam, and a comparison between the calculation and experimental results shows that the theoretical results exhibit good agreement with the experimental results, and the proposed analysis method can be used in future studies to gain a better understanding of the ultimate flexural strength of composite slim floor beams.
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Nosenko, Viktor, and Oleg Krivenko. "Influence of house bearing construction rigidi-ty of precast reinforced concrete on stress-strain state Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) piles foundations." Bases and Foundations, no. 40 (June 4, 2020): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/0475-1132.40.2020.48-57.
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At present, the tendency to build multi-storey residential buildings has become widespread in Ukraine. This is due to a number of reasons: significant increase in land prices in cities, dense urban development and the availability of appropriate equipment for the construction of such structures. One of the most common materials for multi-storey buildings is monolithic reinforced concrete. The main advantage of monolithic structures is the possibility of free spatial planning and the possibility of uniform redistribution of forces in the elements of the frame - the house works as one rigid entire structure. On the other hand, such structures require a long construction time and appropriate highly qualified control of monolithic works. Therefore, as an alternative, prefabricated reinforced concrete structures are used to accelerate the pace of construction.
In this work, the influence of the rigidity of a precast reinforced concrete house on the stress-strain state of CFA piles foundation is investigated. The stress-strain state of a precast reinforced concrete building with two basement options is analyzed: precast and monolithic.
The numerical modeling of the interaction of the system elements is used as a research method: soil base - foundation - aboveground structure.
It was found that the replacement in a prefabricated house only one basement floor of precast concrete on a monolithic one affects the redistribution of forces, so the self-supporting wall is loaded 2.6 times, and the busiest wall, which rests on both sides of the floor slab, is unloaded to 2.1 times.
It was found that in the case of a basement made of precast reinforced concrete with a precast basement the difference efforts in pile heads (under the load-bearing walls) can differ 1.98 times, and in the case of a monolithic one 1.17 times. So it is mean, the monolithic foundation redistributed of efforts between the piles is more uniform.
It is established that the monolithic reinforced concrete basement, in comparison with the prefabricated one, reduces the uneven settlement of the foundation by 2.4 times.
When designing large-panel houses, it is advisable to provide a basement floor monolithic - this will allow to load the fundamental constructions more evenly, which in its reduction reduces the relative deformation of buildings and reduces their cost.
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Sun, Jinkun, Rita Yi Man Li, Nuttapong Jotikasthira, Kui Li, and Liyun Zeng. "Experimental Study on Lightweight Precast Composite Slab of High-Titanium Heavy-Slag Concrete." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (July 9, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665388.
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Precast composite slabs are an essential component in concrete-prefabricated buildings. At present, there are problems such as overweightedness and imperfect test for quality and structural performance of the precast floors, leading to restriction in the development of prefabricated buildings. In this study, by using industrial solid-waste high-titanium heavy slag as coarse and fine aggregates, with fly ash and silica fume for the partial substitution of the cement, we developed a green lightweight precast composite slab of high-titanium heavy-slag concrete (LPCSHTHSC) after adding shale ceramite as the light aggregate. By selecting the weight and the strength of LPCSHTHSC as the technical control indexes, we performed an orthogonal test of lightweight proportions. Through a comprehensive analysis of the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, density, and an economic consideration, the optimal proportion was determined as follows: water-to-binder ratio of 0.43, mixing amount of the fly ash of 4%, mixing amount of the silica fume of 8%, mixing amount of the water-reducing agent of 0.5%, sand ratio of 35%, and cement at the strength grade of 42.5. Next, the bending performance test was conducted on LPCSHTHSC. According to the results, the LPCSHTHSC exhibited excellent mechanical performance, and its ultimate bearing capacity far exceeded the designed value. The ultimate bearing capacity calculated using the plastic hinge wire method differed slightly from the test value, suggesting the applicability of the proposed method to the calculation of the ultimate bearing capacity. Finally, the finite element analysis results of LPCSHTHSC were consistent with the actual bending mechanical performance test results, which proved both the accuracy and the reliability of the present finite element analysis based on the plastic damage constitutive model. The present study can provide an insightful theoretical and test foundation for the lightweight application of high-titanium heavy-slag concrete in other prefabricated components.
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Fahmy, Ezzat H., Yousry B. I. Shaheen, Mohamed N. Abou Zeid, and Hassan M. Gaafar. "Ferrocement sandwich and hollow core panels for floor construction." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 39, no. 12 (December 2012): 1297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2011-0016.
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This paper presents the results of a research work to develop ferrocement sandwich and hollow core panels for use as precast one way slab elements. Sandwich panels consisted of two thin ferrocement layers reinforced with steel wire mesh and a core of autoclaved aerated lightweight concrete bricks. The hollow core panels are made of the same ferrocement mortar matrix with three circular holes of 75 mm diameter running along the length of the specimen. A total of 15 sandwich panels and 12 hollow core panels were cast and tested under flexural loadings. The experimental results showed that high ultimate and service loads, crack resistance control, high ductility, and good energy absorption could be achieved by using the proposed panels. A theoretical model based on the ultimate strength method for reinforced concrete was developed to determine the ultimate moment and mode of failure of the panels. The theoretical and experimental results showed good agreement.
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Danatzko, Joseph M., Halil Sezen, and Qian Chen. "SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION ANALYSIS FOR STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS." Journal of Green Building 8, no. 1 (April 2013): 120–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.8.1.120.
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The engineering community has been striving to design more sustainable buildings in an attempt to reduce both environmental impact and energy use during all phases of design, construction and operation. Design professionals currently have very limited guidance or tools to incorporate life-cycle and sustainability concepts into their designs. After reviewing the capabilities and limitations of four current life cycle analysis (LCA) computer programs, this research has selected the Athena Impact Estimator v4.0 to perform parametric studies of structural members made up of different construction materials. The energy consumption values are calculated and compared for columns, beams, concrete suspended slabs, precast double-tee sections and various other floor types. While Athena did offer some insights based on its LCA results, this research has concluded that existing LCA and sustainability analysis programs have too few options to meet the current needs of design professionals. A more accurate, sophisticated whole-building LCA tool needs to be developed to assess sustainable properties of design alternatives and to produce the most sustainable structural systems.
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Caballero-Garatachea, Omar, Gelacio Juárez-Luna, and Manuel Eurípides Ruiz Sandoval-Hernández. "Methods for the vibration analysis of reinforced concrete precast one-way joist slab floor systems under human walking." Journal of Building Engineering 43 (November 2021): 103217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103217.
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Gaidukov, Pavel, and Evgeniy Pugach. "Prospects for the development of stay in plase formwork for low-rise buildings in cramped conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 09030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809030.
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The article considers existing and promising systems for the construction of slabs in low-rise buildings using stay in place (SIP) formwork. The main conditions for using these formwork systems are described and the disadvantages of existing structures are highlighted. Using the example of previously patented inventions, various trends in the development of formwork systems are revealed. The article deals with precast concrete structures of fixed formwork, modular structures of fixed formwork, various types of connections. Variants of fixed formwork with different types of installation and delivery of concrete mix, made of different materials and shapes are considered. The main individual features of each type of invention are highlighted, on the basis of which assumptions are made for the development of these systems. Based on the results of the analysis, the article offers technical requirements and a brief description of a promising formwork system for the construction of floors of low-rise buildings in cramped conditions.
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Guo, Zhenlei, Feihua Yang, Jiayang Zhang, and Weixuan Zhao. "Research on importing production information into Manufacturing Execution System of Precast Concrete factory based on Building Information Modeling." E3S Web of Conferences 276 (2021): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127602009.
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Building Information Modeling in Precast Concrete factory should consider the split design and production as a whole, so we should pay attention to import the production information into MES and achieve enterprise level application. This paper studied two methods of importing production information to Manufacturing Execution System, namely DXF drawing and U file. This paper studied how to match information of DXF drawing with MES’s layer, text information and title bar. This paper also studied the correct format of U file and the information that can be resolved by MES. The feasibility of this two methods was verified through the prefabricated building project “Jin-an Hong Bao 7#”, and the types of prefabricated components, information quality, efficiency and cost of the two methods are compared. Dxf drawing is able to cover all kinds of precast components, easy for new comers to master, but the drawing efficiency is low. Currently, U file only supports composite floor slab, and it has a long training period, but it also has extremely low error rate and extremely high drawing efficiency.PC factory should continue to improve u file, which can greatly improve work efficiency and reduce engineering errors.
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Xie, Qun, Song Xue, Zhen-hua Liang, and Ming-qiang Lin. "Experimental investigation of prefabricated steel-truss waffle slab under flexural loading." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 2 (August 14, 2019): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219868928.
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A novel type of prefabricated steel-truss waffle slab has been proposed in this article, and compared with traditional waffle slab, there are several typical characteristics of this floor system, including welded steel wire mesh laid in top concrete wythe, orthogonal steel trusses used to reinforce concrete ribs, and foamed concrete blocks filled among the ribs with the purpose of heat insulation and fire resistance. A special template system is adopted for the installation and concrete cast of prefabricated steel-truss waffle slab. All steel segments in prefabricated steel-truss waffle slab are precast and then assembled to form steel system in site. In order to investigate the structural behavior of prefabricated steel-truss waffle slab, two full-scale specimens with different aspect ratio have been experimentally studied under flexural load. The results obtained from the tests have been discussed and analyzed in the context of ultimate flexural load, cracking pattern and failure mode, load–deflection relationship, and load–strain relationship. The experimental results showed that the ultimate load-bearing capacity of prefabricated steel-truss waffle slab has greatly been influenced by the punching shear failure at the rib joints. Three crack types, such as flexural cracks, tensile cracks, and interface cracks, have been exhibited in the final failure of prefabricated steel-truss waffle slab. The deflection development at slab center has presented a four-stage behavior. The significant effect of aspect ratio has also been verified by strain analysis. A computer program has been developed according to the modified structural design method proposed in this article, and the comparison indicated a good agreement between experimental data and theoretical results.
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Clark, W. D., and J. E. Mason. "Base isolation of an existing 10-storey building to enhance earthquake resistance." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 38, no. 1 (March 31, 2005): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.38.1.33-40.
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The Rankine Brown Building at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand houses the University Library and is pivotal to the operation of the University. Built in the early 1960s, the building was of innovative form and construction for its time, with long span precast concrete waffle slabs over 10 floors supported on 16 main columns. Three years ago a review of the building structure suggested that increased protection of the building would be required to meet the University's expectation for operational continuity after a moderate or major earthquake event in the Wellington area. This paper outlines:
Probable areas of structural yielding in a major earthquake event.
Structural analysis for base isolation using earthquake time history records.
Details of base isolation bearings.
Installation of the base isolation bearings.
Other structural details that allow movement of the superstructure to take place due to base isolation.
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Chen, Hong Fu, and Bai Tao Sun. "Investigation and Analysis on Seismic Damage of Masonry Buildings Subjected to Wenchuan Ms=8.0 Earthquake." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.105.
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During Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake, masonry buildings have suffered severely damaged and collapsed, causing heavy casualties and huge economic losses. In this paper, based on seismic site survey data, some new phenomena and characteristics of earthquake damage in comparison with the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, such as seismic damage of large space buildings, inclined or “X” shaped crack in wall between windows or spandrel wall, stair damage, falling of precast reinforced concrete slab and horizontal crack at the bottom of structure, are discussed in detail. Then, the impact factors of seismic capacity of masonry building in Wenchuan earthquake, including construction age, seismic fortification, bay size, floor (roof) form, layer number, thickness of bearing wall are analyzed, respectively; Finally, some recommendations on seismic design and reconstruction of masonry structure by the seismic design code are proposed.