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Journal articles on the topic 'Precautions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 May 2022

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1

Marwati, Triani, Siti Kurnia Widi Hastuti, Lina Handayani, Solikhah Solikhah, and Lafi Munira. "Nosocomial Infection Prevention through Universal Precaution in Yogyakarta Muhammadiyah Hospital." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 5, no. 3 (July 22, 2016): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v5i3.4790.

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<p>Prevention of nosocomial infections in hospitals can be done through the implementation of universal precaution program or action asepsis and antisepsis tapping. These actions undertaken by health workers, both nurses and physicians, universal precaution measures include: hand washing, use of gloves, use aseptic liquid, processing of used equipment and waste disposal. The purpose of this study to determine the prevention of nosocomial infections in hospitals through universal precautions in hospitals Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta area. Design of this research is descriptive qualitative case study approach. Collecting data used techniques focus group discussions. Data analyzed using content analysis. The application of universal precautions in hospitals throughout Yogyakarta PKU show that health workers have attempted to implement universal precautions including hand washing action on the water flow, perform hand hygiene, and always tries to wear personal protective equipment. Nurses knowledge about nosocomial infections has been well and for prevention need to implement universal precautions. The attitude of nurses in implementing universal precautions have been good, to the extent responsible. Most hospitals have had the availability of facilities and support the implementation of universal precaution well, and partly still exist limitations in the availability of facilities and support the implementation of universal precaution.</p>

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Kim, Su Jung, and Eun Ju Lee. "Factors Influencing Emergency Department Nurses’ Compliance with Standard Precautions Using Multilevel Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (June 7, 2021): 6149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116149.

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Standard precautions protect patients and nurses from infection. Nevertheless, compliance with standard precautions is lower among emergency department nurses than other nurses. We examined the individual and organizational factors that influence emergency department nurses’ compliance with standard precautions via a cross-sectional study. A self-reported questionnaire survey was administered to 140 nurses working in nine emergency departments in South Korea. It included items regarding ethical awareness and standard precaution self-efficacy at the individual level as well as safety environment, organizational culture for infection control, and degree of compliance with standard precautions at the organizational level. Individual and organizational predictors were identified using a multilevel analysis. The results indicated that 81.1% of nurses’ compliance with standard precautions was influenced by individual differences, while only 18.9% was influenced by organizational differences. Individual- and organizational-level predictors explained 46.7% and 55.4% of the variance in emergency department nurses’ compliance with standard precautions, respectively. Emergency department nurses’ compliance with standard precautions was predicted by ethical awareness and standard precaution self-efficacy at the individual level and by organizational culture for infection control at the organizational level. Our findings provide evidence for the need to improve facilities and human resource management as well as the organizational culture for infection control.

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3

Smiles, Robinson. "Standard Precautions/Universal Precautions." Annals of SBV 1, no. 1 (2012): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10085-1112.

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4

Stefański, Ryszard A. "Środki zabezpieczające w znowelizowanym kodeksie karnym." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 14, no. 1 (March 15, 2016): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1574.

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The issue of the article are precautions reformed by the Act of 20 February 2015. The following were discussed: the purpose of precautions, the principles of their predications (the principles of necessity and proportionality), a catalog of precautions, including an electronic control of location, therapy, therapy of addictions, stay in the psychiatric unit, measures of an administrative nature, presumptions to predicate precautions, namely committing a criminal act in the state of insanity or limited soundness of mind, a conviction for certain offenses in relation to the disorder of sexual preferences or personality disorder, a conviction for an offense committed in connection with alcohol addiction, intoxicant addiction or other substance with similar effect, the duration of precautions, predication of precautions after the sentence and renewed predication of a precaution.

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5

O.M., Julius, Salamat O.A., Bukola T.M., Joshua O.O., and Deborah F.O. "Factors Influencing Standard Precaution Practices Among Nurses in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria." African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery 4, no. 5 (July 27, 2021): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-ix3l8vo0.

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Introduction: Nurses are known to be at the frontline of risks and victims to occupational hazards within the healthcare system. These hazards include exposure to infections that may arise from injuries from sharps and contacts with body fluids. Standard precautions are taken to mitigate and minimize hazards in hospitals. This study assessed the factors influencing standard precaution practices among Nurses in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria. Method and material: This study involved a descriptive cross-sectional study which was carried out among 305 nurses in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja. A self-structured instrument was employed for this study and data were gathered from consented respondents. The data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25. The research questions were answered using descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and percentage. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 41.64±10.1 years and many (68.5%) had more than 10 years of work experience. The respondents had above average level of knowledge (24.69±2.16) and close to two-third (59.7%) had a positive attitude towards standard precaution practices. The most reported factors influencing the practice of standard precautions were non-availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) (92.1%), lack of regular training on standard precautions (91.1%) and lack of good policy on standard precautions (81.5%). Conclusion: Majority of the respondents had above average level of knowledge and positive attitude towards standard precaution. There is a need for continued sensitization and monitoring of standard precaution practices by nurses to sustain the high level. Also, healthcare institutions should ensure the availability of PPE for standard precautions and regular in-service training of nurses on standard precaution practices.

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Preethi Shankar, Abilasha R, and Preetha S. "Importance of the universal precautions among health care personnel and its impact against Covid-19 spread - A survey." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL1 (September 21, 2020): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3065.

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Universal precautions are a vital standard set of rules applied to be followed by patients and doctors while carrying out any clinical procedure, but especially in patients with blood-borne diseases or infections. It is carried out to prevent the spread of infection from one person to another. Universal precautions are of great significance to medical personnel, where they expose themselves to numerous infectious diseases. The research aimed to assess and improve knowledge about universal precautions among health care personnel to reduce the rate of harmful exposure and infections among them. A questionnaire comprising 20 questions was created and circulated among 100 health care workers through the online platform "Google forms". The results were collected and analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. It was evident that many people were not aware of the seriousness of universal precautions. Fortunately, many medical personals followed and were aware of universal precaution to an extent. Universal precaution should be followed religiously and judiciously to prevent the spread of deadly diseases.

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7

Wilcox, Patricia L., and Thomas T. Jackson. "Fact Variation: A Study of Responsibility versus Fault." Psychological Reports 56, no. 3 (June 1985): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.3.787.

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This study, a replication of the 1982 experiment done by Pallak and Davies, was done to distinguish between the processes underlying attribution of responsibility and assignment of fault to a victim. Undergraduate women read one of four descriptions of a rape committed by an assailant who had either followed the victim previously (assault premeditated) or had not followed the victim (assault not premeditated), against the victim who had either taken precautionary measures (precaution attempted) or had not taken such precautions (no precautions attempted). In contrast to the original study, observers assigned equal measures of fault to the manipulations of precautions attempted and precautions not attempted. In addition, there was no support for the original finding that maximum responsibility was attributed to the victim who failed to take precautions when the assailant's behavior indicated that his assault was not premeditated.

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8

&NA;. "PRECAUTIONS." Nursing 25, no. 10 (October 1995): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-199510000-00021.

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Lim, Ji-Hye, Jung-Won Ahn, and Youn-Jung Son. "Association between Hospital Nurses’ Perception of Patient Safety Management and Standard Precaution Adherence: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23 (November 27, 2019): 4744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234744.

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Standard precautions should be applied to prevent health care-associated infections during every nursing activity. However, adherence to standard precautions was reported to be inadequate. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the rates of standard precaution adherence and the association between perception of patient safety management and standard precaution adherence. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, a convenience sample of nurses was recruited from a university-affiliated teaching hospital in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected using a structured self-report questionnaire. Among the 332 questionnaires returned (response rate: 94.9%), a total of 329 nurses were analyzed. In the present study, the overall standard precaution adherence rate was approximately 53.5%. The multiple linear regression results revealed that participants’ perceptions of patient safety management were only significantly associated with standard precaution adherence after adjusting other covariates (β = 0.412, p < 0.001). Nurse supervisors should focus more on raising awareness about nurses’ perception of patient safety management based on the specific work environment, such as the total number of nurses working together and the nurse-to-patient ratio. Nurse educators should develop integrated curricula to help graduate nurses transition smoothly into professional practice and enhance adherence to standard precautions in diverse health care settings.

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Hussain, Firdous, Ruby Khatoon, Beena Sachan, and J. P. Srivastava. "Knowledge and practice of the universal precaution among nursing students of Eras’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 8 (July 23, 2018): 3326. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183055.

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Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of various occupational hazards in the hospital, including exposure to bloodborne infections such as HIV and hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) infection from sharps injuries and contact with body fluids. All health care workers should routinely use appropriate barrier precautions to prevent skin and mucous membrane exposure during contact with any patient's blood or body fluids that require universal precautions. The objective of the study was to evaluate both the knowledge and the practice of standard precautions by nursing students in the teaching hospital.Methods: It is a cross sectional study conducted in Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital over a period of two months from November 2014 to December 2014 on nursing students. 100 nursing students were included in this study. All the nurses had been professionally active for 1 year or more in direct patient care and hospital hygiene.Results: Most of the nursing students were aware of the concept of universal precaution. 97% of nursing students used to wash their hands before and after patient care. In reasons for use of universal precaution it was found that100% of nursing student said use of universal precaution is to protect health care worker. While 100% said it protects HCW while handling infectious waste. Nursing students knowledge regarding indications of hand hygiene was found 97.Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the need to implement a programme to improve knowledge on standard precautions.

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11

Mollah, Azharuddin, Soumalya Ray, Prabha Shrivastava, and Dilip Kumar Das. "Awareness on standard precautions among auxiliary nurse midwives in a subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 3 (February 22, 2019): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190632.

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Background: Due to their occupation, health workers are always at-risk of developing life-threatening infections. “Standard precautions” acts as a protective barrier against this. There is a lack of information about awareness on standard precaution among auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs), the frontline health personnel working at Sub-centres. The aim of the study was to assess the current awareness on Standard precautions among ANMs.Methods: This descriptive study with cross-sectional design was conducted at sub centre level of Bardhaman Sadar North subdivision, Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal. In this study, conducted between September-November 2017, three blocks were chosen from the seven blocks in the subdivision through simple random sampling. All ANMs working in these blocks were approached and data were collected on background characteristics and knowledge on key elements of Standard precautions using a pre-tested and pre-designed self-administered questionnaire. Items assessing standard precaution were scored one (for correct response) and zero (for incorrect/missed response). Maximum possible score was fourteen and minimum was zero. Statistical analysis used association of acceptability of knowledge with background characteristics were assessed using bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression.Results: Median (IQR) of the score obtained was 10 (9, 12). Out of total 138 subjects, 64.5% had acceptable knowledge (score ≥10) regarding standard precautions. Participants’ age had a statistically significant association with acceptable knowledge in the bivariate analysis; however, in the final model, only training status of the participants remained significant [AOR-0.304 (0.098-0.938)].Conclusions: It emphasized the importance of regular training on Standard precautions for ANMs.

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12

Abu Sharour, Loai, Maha Subih, Ayman Bani Salameh, and Malakah Malak. "Predictors of Chemotherapy Safe-Handling Precautions and Knowledge Among a Sample of Jordanian Oncology Nurses: A Model-Building Approach." Workplace Health & Safety 69, no. 3 (January 14, 2021): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079920959991.

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Background: There are adverse side effects associated with handling chemotherapy; however, using safe-handling precautions can minimize or prevent these potential effects. Despite availability of international guidelines for chemotherapy handling, adherence to precautions is below expectations. This study examined knowledge of safe-handling precautions among a sample of oncology nurses in Jordon. Methods: A cross-sectional study was employed that included a convenience sample of 153 oncology nurses. Oncology nurses from two hospitals completed the Chemotherapy Handling Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, Spearman rank correlation coefficients, and regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of precaution use when handling hazardous drugs among participants. Findings: We observed that age, number of patients for whom the worker administered chemotherapy per day, the number of patients receiving chemotherapy per day in the participant’s work unit, nurses’ knowledge about safe-handling precautions, perceived risk, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, organization influence/workplace safety climate, conflict of interest, and interpersonal influences were predictors of use of safe-handling precautions (adjusted R2 = .66, p < .001). Conclusion/Application for Practice: Several predictors for using safe-handling precautions were identified. Clinically, chemotherapy handling procedures should be evaluated frequently to identify barriers to safe practices and to improve worker safety.

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13

Rochwani, Ritu, and Mini Sharma. "Assessment of the knowledge and practices regarding standard precaution among nursing staff at a tertiary care hospital of Raipur city, Chhattisgarh." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 4 (March 27, 2019): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191377.

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Background: Nurses as healthcare providers obliged to protect herself and patients against infections. Therefore, nurses should have knowledge and strict adherence to standard precautions. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the knowledge and practices of nursing staff regarding standard precautions. Aims and objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge of nursing staff regarding standard precaution and to observe the practices of nursing staff regarding standard precaution.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among staff nurses working in Bhim Rao Ambedkar Memorial Hospital, Raipur, and Chhattisgarh, from January to March 2017 among 100 staff nurses. Pretested predesigned semi-structured questionnaires were used. Data collected were entered in Microsoft excel sheet. The statistical analysis was done by using epi info 7. Frequencies and percentage were presented for categorical variables.Results: The overall knowledge regarding standard precaution were excellent (>75% score) in 8% nurses. Good knowledge (50 to 75%) in 83% and average (25 to 50%) in 9%. The Practises regarding standard precautions among the nurses were good in 72%, excellent in 17% and average in 11%.Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that in spite of having good knowledge regarding standard precaution among the nurses, practices were not to up to the mark.

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14

Lee, Bruce Y., Ashima Singh, Sarah M. Bartsch, Kim F. Wong, Diane S. Kim, Taliser R. Avery, Shawn T. Brown, Courtney R. Murphy, S. Levent Yilmaz, and Susan S. Huang. "The Potential Regional Impact of Contact Precaution Use in Nursing Homes to Control Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 34, no. 2 (February 2013): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/669091.

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Objective.Implementation of contact precautions in nursing homes to prevent methicillm-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) transmission could cost time and effort and may have wide-ranging effects throughout multiple health facilities. Computational modeling could forecast the potential effects and guide policy making.Design.Our multihospital computational agent-based model, Regional Healthcare Ecosystem Analyst (RHEA).Setting.All hospitals and nursing homes in Orange County, California.Methods.Our simulation model compared the following 3 contact precaution strategies: (1) no contact precautions applied to any nursing home residents, (2) contact precautions applied to those with clinically apparent MRSA infections, and (3) contact precautions applied to all known MRSA carriers as determined by MRSA screening performed by hospitals.Results.Our model demonstrated that contact precautions for patients with clinically apparent MRSA infections in nursing homes resulted in a median 0.4% (range, 0%–1.6%) relative decrease in MRSA prevalence in nursing homes (with 50% adherence) but had no effect on hospital MRSA prevalence, even 5 years after initiation. Implementation of contact precautions (with 50% adherence) in nursing homes for all known MRSA carriers was associated with a median 14.2% (range, 2.1%–21.8%) relative decrease in MRSA prevalence in nursing homes and a 2.3% decrease (range, 0%–7.1%) in hospitals 1 year after implementation. Benefits accrued over time and increased with increasing compliance.Conclusions.Our modeling study demonstrated the substantial benefits of extending contact precautions in nursing homes from just those residents with clinically apparent infection to all MRSA carriers, which suggests the benefits of hospitals and nursing homes sharing and coordinating information on MRSA surveillance and carriage status.

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Boyce, John M., Nancy L. Havill, Cynthia Kohan, Diane G. Dumigan, and Catherine E. Ligi. "Do Infection Control Measures Work for Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus?" Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 25, no. 5 (May 2004): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502412.

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AbstractObjective:To review evidence regarding the effectiveness of control measures in reducing transmission of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in hospitals.Design:Literature review and surveillance cultures of hospitalized patients at high risk for MRSA colonization or infection.Setting:A 500-bed, university-affiliated, community teaching hospital.Results:The percentage of nosocomialS. aureusinfections caused by MRSA increased significantly between 1982 and 2002, despite the use of various isolation and barrier precaution policies. The apparent ineffectiveness of control measures may be due to several factors including the failure to identify patients colonized with MRSA For example, cultures of stool specimens submitted forClostridium difficiletoxin assays at one hospital found that 12% of patients had MRSA in their stool, and 41% of patients with unrecognized colonization were cared for without using barrier precautions. Other factors include the use of barrier precaution strategies that do not account for multiple reservoirs of MRSA, poor adherence of healthcare workers (HCWs) to recommended barrier precautions and handwashing, failure to identify and treat HCWs responsible for transmitting MRSA, and importation of MRSA by patients admitted from other facilities. Control programs that include active surveillance cultures (ASCs) of high-risk patients and use of barrier precautions have reduced MRSA prevalence rates and have been cost-effective. Using a staged approach to implementing ASCs can minimize logistic problems.Conclusion:MRSA control programs are effective if they include ASCs of high-risk patients, use of barrier precautions when caring for colonized or infected patients, hand hygiene, and treating HCWs implicated in MRSA transmission.

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Mitchell, Kathy. "Routine precautions." Primary Health Care 1, no. 6 (June 1991): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.1.6.11.s18.

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Rhodes-Kemp, Rosamund. "Small precautions." Nursing Standard 17, no. 32 (April 23, 2003): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.17.32.22.s39.

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Muldoon-Smith, Deborah. "Isolation precautions." Nursing Standard 23, no. 48 (August 5, 2009): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.23.48.59.s52.

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Kirkis, E. Jaquelyn, and Sue Crow. "Universal Precautions." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 12, no. 12 (December 1991): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30146947.

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Jing, Zhang, and Jiao de Jia. "Supplementary precautions." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 158, no. 5 (November 2020): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.07.022.

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Christie, E. "Contraceptive precautions." Nursing Standard 8, no. 2 (September 29, 1993): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.8.2.43.s52.

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Schiebinger, Londa. "Taking precautions." Lancet 372, no. 9637 (August 2008): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61181-2.

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Vance, Stanley. "Personal Precautions." Journal of Surgical Education 66, no. 4 (July 2009): 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2009.03.030.

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Cupples, Sandra. "Sun Precautions." Progress in Transplantation 12, no. 2 (June 2002): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152692480201200210.

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Lack, J. A. "Antistatic precautions." Anaesthesia 41, no. 10 (October 1986): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1986.tb12771.x.

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BORTON, DOROTHY. "Isolation Precautions." Nursing 27, no. 1 (January 1997): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-199701000-00018.

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&NA;. "PREOP PRECAUTIONS." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 95, no. 1 (January 1995): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-199501000-00008.

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Sweeney, Cameron Young. "Contact precautions." Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants 29, no. 4 (April 2016): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jaa.0000481403.06594.96.

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Wepfer, Virginia M. "Contact Precautions." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 111, no. 11 (November 2011): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0000407281.71512.2c.

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Grady, Mark F. "Untaken Precautions." Journal of Legal Studies 18, no. 1 (January 1989): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/468143.

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Davenport-Hines, Richard. "Necessary precautions." Nature 349, no. 6311 (February 1991): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/349661a0.

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Brush, Linnea C. "Universal Precautions." Journal of Clinical Engineering 16, no. 1 (January 1991): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004669-199101000-00018.

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Hedley, David. "Fire precautions." Practical Pre-School 1997, no. 4 (July 1997): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/prps.1997.1.4.41576.

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Cupples, Sandra. "Sun precautions." Progress in Transplantation 12, no. 2 (June 2002): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.7182/prtr.12.2.94833158k4107647.

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Nelson, M. V. B. "Special precautions." British Dental Journal 198, no. 10 (May 2005): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4812376.

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MUCHLINSKI, ETHEL. "TRANSFUSIONS PRECAUTIONS." Nursing 17, no. 3 (March 1987): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-198703000-00006.

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Gammon, John, and Dinah Gould. "Universal precautions." Journal of Research in Nursing 10, no. 5 (September 2005): 529–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136140960501000503.

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Metcalfe, Alison. "Universal precautions." Journal of Research in Nursing 10, no. 5 (September 2005): 549–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136140960501000504.

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Abou El-Enein, Nagwa Younis, and Hala M. El Mahdy. "Standard precautions." Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association 86, no. 1&2 (April 2011): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.epx.0000395430.92943.69.

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Kirkis, E. Jaquelyn, and Sue Crow. "Universal Precautions." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 12, no. 12 (December 1991): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646275.

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Munjal, I., and N. Litman. "Isolation Precautions." Pediatrics in Review 31, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.31-12-525.

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Blobaum, Paul M. "Standard Precautions." Journal of the Medical Library Association 95, no. 3 (July 2007): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.95.3.366.

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Fox, R., R. Halliday, S. Barnfield, J. Roxburgh, J. Dunford, and TJS Chesser. "Hip precautions after hemiarthroplasty: what is happening in the UK and at what cost?" Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, no. 5 (July 2011): 396–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588411x581376.

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INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to observe current practice of the use of hip precautions following hemiarthroplasty for hip fractures in England and to audit the cost of hip precautions in this patient group. METHODS A telephone review was undertaken of all units identified by the National Hip Fracture Database as receiving centres for hip fractures across England to ascertain current practice in the use of hip precautions. A prospective audit of occupational therapy (OT) practice including the cost of equipment provision and OT time was carried out locally. RESULTS All 174 units in England were successfully contacted. Practice varied between centres but hip precautions were in use at 78% of centres. Prior to stopping hip precautions at the local hospital, we audited the costs associated with their use. Mean equipment costs per patient decreased by £12 (from £49 to £37, range: £0–£83) and mean OT time per patient decreased by 1.5 hours (from 8 hours to 6.5 hours, range: 1–22 hours) following removal of hip precaution guidelines. A mean of 0.25 days' discharge delay (range: 0–4 days) due to equipment provision was identified prior to removing hip precautions with no discharge delay following. CONCLUSIONS This study has highlighted the variation in practice across the country and inconsistency with the advice published by the British Orthopaedic Association and British Geriatrics Society in the ‘Blue Book’ (The Care of Patients with Fragility Fracture). Hip precautions are unnecessary after hemiarthroplasty, cost money both in therapist time and equipment provision and increase the length of hospital stay. Nevertheless, they continue to be used by three-quarters of trauma hospitals in England.

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Prasad, Versha. "Compliance of universal precautions: ensures safety to health care providers." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 2514. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20213111.

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Healthcare workers (HCWs) such as medical doctors, nurses, laboratory staff and aides who work in the hospitals, clinics and other health care settings are frequently exposed to infectious diseases. Some of these infectious diseases have no available vaccination; consequently, these blood borne infections are a major cause of risk for health care worker. The knowledge and awareness of universal precautions is thus essential for all HCWs and other people in at risk occupations. A review of the literature on universal precaution's using Google search engine was done. Twenty one scientific publications on universal precautions and standard precautions were reviewed and summarized. Health care professionals needed to be updated on the principles of universal basic precautions as it had been proven that there were deficiencies in the knowledge and applications of the practice of the universal precautions. To minimise the risks of acquiring HIV, HBV and other blood borne diseases during performance of job duties, workers should be protected from exposure to blood and other body fluids. In order to protect hospital workers, the hospital authorities must provide general information about the danger to be faced in practises, the ways in which AIDS and hepatitis were transmitted and must give general training with mass awareness to the hospital staff. It can be concluded that hospital staff and authorities other are equally responsible and accountable for transmission of these hospital-acquired information.

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Dhar, Sorabh, Dror Marchaim, Ryan Tansek, Teena Chopra, Adnan Yousuf, Ashish Bhargava, Emily T. Martin, et al. "Contact Precautions More Is Not Necessarily Better." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, no. 3 (March 2014): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/675294.

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Objective.To determine whether increases in contact isolation precautions are associated with decreased adherence to isolation practices among healthcare workers (HCWs).Design.Prospective cohort study from February 2009 to October 2009.Setting.Eleven teaching hospitals.Participants.HCWs.Methods.One thousand thirteen observations conducted on HCWs. Additional data included the number of persons in isolation, types of HCWs, and hospital-specific contact precaution practices. Main outcome measures included compliance with individual components of contact isolation precautions (hand hygiene before and after patient encounter, donning of gown and glove upon entering a patient room, and doffing upon exiting) and overall compliance (all 5 measures together) during varying burdens of isolation.Results.Compliance with hand hygiene was as follows: prior to donning gowns/gloves, 37.2%; gowning, 74.3%; gloving, 80.1%; doffing of gowns/gloves, 80.1%; after gown/glove removal, 61%. Compliance with all components was 28.9%. As the burden of isolation increased (20% or less to greater than 60%), a decrease in compliance with hand hygiene (43.6%—4.9%) and with all 5 components (31.5%—6.5%) was observed. In multivariable analysis, there was an increase in noncompliance with all 5 components of the contact isolation precautions bundle (odds ratio [OR], 6.6 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-37.44];P= .03) and in noncompliance with hand hygiene prior to donning gowns and gloves (OR, 10.1 [95% CI, 1.84—55.54];P= .008) associated with increasing burden of isolation.Conclusions.As the proportion of patients in contact isolation increases, compliance with contact isolation precautions decreases. Placing 40% of patients under contact precautions represents a tipping point for noncompliance with contact isolation precautions measures.

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Omozuwa, ES, NE Uwaibi, and JO Erhabor. "Level of Practice of Safety Precautions against COVID 19 among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal clinics in Central Hospital Benin, Benin City in Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 11 (January 7, 2021): 1925–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i11.12.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has assumed a global health concern since the first case was recorded in Wuhan community China in December 2019. The objective of this paper is to report the level of practice of safety precautions against COVID 19 among pregnant women attending Antenatal Clinics in Central Hospital Benin, Benin City in Nigeria. A self- administered questionnaire on the level of practice of safety precautions against covid19 infection was administered to a total of 420 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in central Hospital Benin City for Data collection. The results showed that two hundred and four (48.6%) of the respondents reported that they have recently avoided crowded places. Three hundred and seventy two (88.6%) reported recently wearing mask whenever they left home. Three hundred and twenty four (77.1%) of the respondents had good practice of safety precautions against COVID19. The study showed a good practice of safety precautions against COVID19 and this was influenced by the women’s level of education, occupation and knowledge of COVID-19. However, there is still the need to improve the knowledge of the women attending antenatal clinic regarding COVID-19 through health education seminars. Also up scaling the practice of safety precautions could be done through such health education seminars. Keywords: Pregnant women, Practice, Safety precaution, covid-19

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Sagita, Rina Wijayanti. "FACTORS AFFECTING NURSES’ COMPLIANCE IN IMPLEMENTING STANDARD PRECAUTIONS IN GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL IN YOGYAKARTA." Indonesian Contemporary Nursing Journal (ICON Journal) 3, no. 2 (March 13, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/icon.v3i2.4972.

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Background:Nosocomial infection is infections that occur in patients when they are hospitalized. Data in several countries found that hundreds of millions patients worldwide are exposed to nosocomial infection each year. Standard precautions are applied to prevent infections in the hospital. The results of observations and interviews on nurses at Wates Regional Public Hospital found non-compliance of nurses in implementing standard precautions.Objective:The aim of this study is to determine factors affecting nurses’ compliance in Wates Regional Public Hospital, Yogyakarta.Method: This was cross sectional study, using questionnaire and standard precautions compliance check list. Observation was conducted twice on june 26th to July 7th, 2018. The subjects were 103 nurses in 10 inpatients room, taken by total sampling. Data was analyzed by pearson, spearman and mann whitney u test as bivariate, and also linier regression as multivariate.Result:The result of this study indicate that there were significant relationship between gender, standard precautions knowledge, motivation and work experience with nurses’ (p < 0,05), while there were insignificant relationship between age, education level, attitude, risk perception, preventive efficacy, risk taking personality, needle punctured experience, workload, infection knowledge, work stress, obstacles in standard precautions, the availability of personal protective equipment, safety climate and safety performance feedback with nurses’ compliance (p > 0.05). Multivariate test indicate that motivation has a dominant influence on nurses’ compliance.Conclusion and Suggestion: Factors influencing nurse compliance with standard precautions include motivation, work experience and risk taking personality. The dominant factor influencing nurse compliance with standard precautions is motivation. Suggestions from this study are to improve the completeness of facilities and tools related to standard precautions, monitoring and evaluation of nurses’ compliance. Further study needs to be held related to standard precautions each component include hand washing, personal protective equipment usage, care equipment decontamination, safe injecting practices, sharp objects and waste management.Key words:nosocomial infection, compliance to standard precaution, Wates Regional Public Hospital 1: Wates Regional Public Hospital2: Master in Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing UGM

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D. Sheela, D. Sheela, R. Rohan R. Rohan, and R. Samyuktha R. Samyuktha. "Awareness Regarding Universal Safety Precaution Among Nurses and Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internship in a Teaching Hospital." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 14, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 2141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2311.

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Purpose: The lack of awareness regarding the policies and procedures about universal precautions among medical students has resulted in higher accidental exposure to Blood Borne Pathogens and body fluids. So, the current situation needs such type of study which can help in improving awareness about universal precautions among Nurses and Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internships (CRRI), those who constitute a major role in controlling deadly infections. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among nurses of all departments and Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internships (CRRI) between June & July 2020 in a teaching medical hospital near Kancheepuram. A total of 400 nurses who were deputed in various departments and 50 Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internships (CRRIs) were requested to take part in the study. The emails were gathered and formal informed consent was sent along with the standard questionnaire. The questions were prepared in a simple language from a valid & reliable measure. Statistical methods: The data are entered and analysed by MS Excel. A chi square test is carried to test the association between the proportion. Results: The level of knowledge among nurses and CRRIs were similar without a significant difference between them. The awareness regarding universal precaution in nurses with different working experience were also similar without any significant differences. About 95% of CRRIs were aware about the universal precautions. The awareness about universal precaution and practice was not statistically significant when compared between the nurses and CRRIs. Conclusion: The current study findings assure that the nurses and Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internship (CRRIs) were aware and are knowledgeable about the standard precautions and their importance in reducing infections. The present result shows the infectious committee has a great role in educating the health care workers and provide a better environment for serving the patients.

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Manian, Farrin A. "Universal Precautions "Clarified"?" Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 9, no. 8 (August 1988): 343–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30145448.

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Kephart, Phyllis A., Kathleen L. Roman, and Deborah M. Myers. "Universal Precautions Kit." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 14, no. 5 (May 1993): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30148360.

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