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Academic literature on the topic 'Précipitations extrêmes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Précipitations extrêmes"
St-Hilaire, A., T. B. M. J. Ouarda, M. Lachance, B. Bobée, M. Barbet, and P. Bruneau. "La régionalisation des précipitations : une revue bibliographique des développements récents." Revue des sciences de l'eau 16, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705497ar.
Full textTahiananirina, RAZAFINDRALAMBO Hasina, RAZAFIMANDIMBY Honoré, RAMAHAZOSOA Irrish Parker, RABEHARISOA Jean Marc, and RATIARISON Adolphe Andriamanga. "Estimations Des Quantiles Extrêmes Des Précipitations Convectives Avec Les Distributions des Valeurs Extrêmes Généralisées : Cas Des Plaines De La Basse Betsiboka." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 40, no. 1 (August 30, 2023): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v40.1.5578.
Full textNeppel, L., C. Bouvier, M. Desbordes, and F. Vinet. "Sur l'origine de l'augmentation apparente des inondations en région méditerranéenne." Revue des sciences de l'eau 16, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705519ar.
Full textKieffer, A., and P. Bois. "Variabilité des caractéristiques statistiques des pluies extrêmes dans les Alpes francaises." Revue des sciences de l'eau 10, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 199–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705277ar.
Full textHoang, Cong-Tuan, Iouli Tchiguirinskaia, Daniel Schertzer, and Shaun Lovejoy. "Caractéristiques multifractales et extrêmes de la précipitation à haute résolution, application à la détection du changement climatique." Revue des sciences de l’eau 27, no. 3 (December 15, 2014): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027806ar.
Full textDelus, Claire, Benjamin Grelier, Didier François, Gilles Drogue, Jean-Philippe Vidal, Laurie Caillouet, Alexandre Devers, Eric Sauquet, and Claire Lauvernet. "Évaluation et comparaison de séries de précipitations historiques dans des sous-bassins versants de la Meuse et de la Moselle, 1871-2004." Climatologie 16 (2019): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.1378.
Full textZahar, Yadh, and Jean-Pierre Laborde. "Modélisation statistique et synthèse cartographique des précipitations journalières extrêmes de Tunisie." Revue des sciences de l'eau 20, no. 4 (January 21, 2008): 409–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016914ar.
Full textKieffer-Weisse, Anne, and Philippe Bois. "Estimation de paramètres statistiques des précipitations extrêmes dans les Alpes françaises." La Houille Blanche, no. 1 (February 2001): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2001009.
Full textSoubeyroux, Jean-Michel, Luc Neppel, Jean-Michel Veysseire, Yves Tramblay, Julie Carreau, and Viviane Gouget. "Evolution des précipitations extrêmes en France en contexte de changement climatique." La Houille Blanche, no. 1 (February 2015): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2015004.
Full textDjerboua, Abdelatif, Daniel Duband, and Philippe Bois. "Estimation des lois des précipitations extrêmes à partir de données journalières complètes." La Houille Blanche, no. 3 (May 2004): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb:200403008.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Précipitations extrêmes"
Sebille, Quentin. "Modélisation spatiale de valeurs extrêmes : application à l'étude de précipitations en France." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1244/document.
Full textExtreme precipitation in France are responsible for flooding events that cause people's deaths and billions of euros in material damage. Measuring the risk associated to these rare meteorological events is possible thanks to the extreme value theory which allows the estimation of such catastrophic scenarios. This thesis focus on three risk measures involving joint probabilities and spatial prediction methods related to geostatistics.In a first time, several spatial models for extreme values built on annual maxima are evaluated in a comparative study in the form of an article. This comparison is performed using simulated data from real annual maxima of precipitation in France. It is also based on two criteria linked to risk measures: the hundred years return level and the extremal coefficient. One particular model is presented in details: the one of Reich and Shaby (2012). This model is implemented under a R package entirely dedicated to its estimation and simulation procedures.In a second time, exceedances of spatial daily data are modelled in order to estimate a conditional failure probability. Several estimators of this measure are proposed, based on the one hand on parametric methods involving Pareto processes and on the other hand on non parametric approaches. The temporal dependence in extremes is also considered with care when estimating this probability.Along this thesis, the methods are applied on daily data of precipitation in France
Dutheil, Cyril. "Impacts du changement climatique dans le Pacifique Sud à différentes échelles : précipitations, cyclones, extrêmes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS402.
Full textIn this thesis we are interested in the South Pacific climate changes, at the end of the 21st century under the RCP8.5 scenario (i.e. the most extreme scenario equivalent to a radiative forcing increase of 8.5W.m-2), at several spatial scales ((1) Pacific, (2) Southwest Pacific, (3) and New Caledonia) and in its impacts. The climate projections of the CMIP5 models include many biases (e.g. double ITCZ, strong intermodel variability of SST change patterns) in this region that we reduced by using a regional atmospheric model (Weather Research and Forecast). (1) At this scale we are interested in the future of the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ). Climate change simulations showed a possible drying (-30%) of SPCZ driven by circulation changes. (2) We are interested here in the future of the Southwest Pacific cyclogenesis. Climate change simulations have shown a decrease of cyclone intensity, an increase of cyclonic precipitation, and a possible collapse of the cyclones number (-50%) due to an increase of vertical wind shear. (3) And then we focused on the evolution of the New Caledonian climate. Climate change simulations showed a decrease of rainfall (-20%) in average, with very strong contrasts across regions (East coast vs West coast), as well as a doubling of the heat waves number. Finally, we showed the interest of these regional simulations for impact studies applied to ecosystems
Colmet-Daage, Antoine. "Les impacts du changement climatique sur les pluies et les inondations extrêmes de bassins versants méso-échelles méditerranéens." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG020/document.
Full textNorthern mediterranean meso-scale river catchments are submitted to extremes floods events linked to intense convective precipitation and local hydrologic features. The Mediterranean region is known to be one of the most affected areas by global warming, and it is likely that changes can be expected in the hydrological cycle. The aim of this CIFRE thesis is to assess the climate change impacts on extreme precipitation events using a so-called “futurization” method, in which a transfer function is built by comparing the quantiles of distribution for both present and future climate precipitation. The climate change impact on extreme precipitation events is assessed over high-resolution EMCORDEX simulations. The focus is on the Orbieu catchment located in southwestern France. The futurization method is applied to six major events of precipitation that trigger flash floods. The hydrological impacts of those future statistical counterpart precipitation events are therefore assessed through a conceptual event-based hydrological model. An assessment of soil moisture changes under climate change is performed and coupled to the hydrological impact quantification. The conceptual hydrological model chosen, have been motivated by its future operational applications. The consequences of that choice are assessed through a comparison to a physically based hydrological model. It has been implemented through the hydrological functioning caracterisation of the Orbieu catchment supported by several field campaigns
Jalbert, Jonathan. "Développement d'un modèle statistique non stationnaire et régional pour les précipitations extrêmes simulées par un modèle numérique de climat." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAU032/document.
Full textPrecipitation extremes plays a major role in flooding events and their occurrence as well as their intensity are expected to increase. It is therefore important to anticipate the impacts of such an increase to ensure the public safety and the infrastructure sustainability. Since climate models are the only tools for providing quantitative projections of precipitation, flood risk management for the future climate may be based on their simulations. Most of the time, the Extreme value theory is used to estimate the extreme precipitations from a climate simulation, such as the T-year return levels. The variance of the estimations are generally large notably because the sample size of the maxima series are short. Such variance could have a significant impact for flood risk management. It is therefore relevant to reduce the estimation variance of simulated return levels. For this purpose, the aim of this paper is to develop a non-stationary and regional statistical model especially suited for climate models that estimates precipitation extremes. At first, the non-stationarity is removed by a preprocessing approach. Thereafter, the spatial correlation is modeled by a Bayesian hierarchical model including an intrinsic Gaussian Markov random field. The model has been used to estimate the 100-year return levels over North America from a simulation by the Canadian Regional Climate Model. The results show a large estimation variance reduction when using the regional model
Jalbert, Jonathan. "Développement d'un modèle statistique non stationnaire et régional pour les précipitations extrêmes simulées par un modèle numérique de climat." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26565.
Full textHa, Minh Truong. "No precipitation or heavy precipitation : how can we make regional climate models more reliable over Euro-Mediterranean?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS187.
Full textThe Euro-Mediterranean area has been identified as a hot-spot for climate change with higher probability of occurrence of extreme events conducive to floods and droughts. However, models tend to simulate too often light precipitation and to underestimate heavy precipitation, making them unreliable for the estimation of future extreme events over this region. The motivation of this PhD project is to better understand and model the processes leading to these extremes, by considering their spatial variability linked to very diverse conditions, and to better estimate the answer of these processes to climate change. I first analyze the triggering of precipitation based on the relationship between precipitation, IWV and tropospheric temperature from different ensembles of the regional climate simulations over Europe from 0.44° to convective-permitting (CP) resolution to assess the impact of resolution and convection parameterization in representing precipitation triggering. Then I used a small ensemble of simulations with the parameterization of deep convection switched off at a coarser resolution than the CP ensemble, this aims to disentangle the impact of higher resolution and explicit convection in CP simulations. Finally, I investigated the evolution of precipitation triggering processes in a warming climate using an ensemble of CP simulations. The results show that CP ensemble presents a lower occurrence of weak precipitation and more intense extreme events. To explain this tendency, I determine the critical value of water vapor (IWVcv) over which the precipitation occurrence picks up for different bins of temperature and I compare the values obtained for the different ensembles. I show that lower frequency of precipitation in CP simulations can be explained by higher IWVcv and lower probability to exceed IWVcv over the areas with vigorous convection. The explicit convection plays a more important role in simulating precipitation frequency, while the impact of higher resolution varies with different models. In addition, over the high mountain, model resolution has a larger impact in simulating IWVcv because dynamical processes linked to orography play an important role in triggering convection. Over the plains, higher resolution has a larger impact at low temperature bins but at high temperature, the impact of deep explicit convection is greater. Over the sea, IWVcv is not impacted by model resolution because precipitation triggering depends on large scale convergence over there. In a warming climate, the distribution of IWVcv is expected to shift towards higher temperature and water vapor, this leads to a less often but stronger convection in the future projections
Zahar, Yadh. "Modélisation spatiale et temporelle des précipitations extrêmes et érosives en Tunisie centrale en vue de l'aménagement des petits bassins hydrologiques." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE2015.
Full textThe research work presented in this thesis addresses two essential methodological themes: the study of extreme rainfalls, and the analysis of the rainfall erosivity in central tunisia. The first part of the study, devoted to the statistical analysis of the rainfall series, has highlighted the following aspects: the good fit between gumbel's and montana's laws at the seasonal and annual series of maxima for various time lags ranging from 30 minutes to 24 hours and the link between the b perameter of montana's law and the gradex ratio of the daily autumnal and annual rainfalls, as well as the independence of this parameter vis-a-vis the return intervals. The statistical analysis of extreme rainfalls may thus be well characterized using the three parameters that are the decenial rainfall on a daily basis,the daily gradex and the b parameter of montana's law. These three parameters are estimated from the rainfall series and have ben mapped. Such maps present the advantage of being generated from recent data collected over the study area. The practical application of part one of the study has finally consisted in providing a regionally valid methodology of aid to planners in predetermining extreme rainfalls on an hourly basis at any given point and for durations ranging from 30 minutes to 24 hours. Part two is devoted to the analysis of rainfall erosivity. The methodological procedure has been based on a stochastic rainfall generator and on the rainfall-erosivity model of wischmeier. It was observed that the distribution of the r inde of rainfall erositivy in relation of rainfall parameters is especially strong with the 30 minutes intensities because of their short duration. The maximum erosive event in the year is often extremely erosive, such that the sum of the extreme episodes over long periods accounts for over 50% of the measured erosion. These episodes are most commonly observed in spring, and especially in autumn
Berthou, Ségolène. "Sensibilité des précipitations extrêmes au couplage sous-mensuel atmosphère-océan en Méditerranée nord-occidentale : approche par la modélisation climatique régionale." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066477/document.
Full textEvery year in autumn, heavy precipitation events (HPEs) occur in the northwestern Mediterrranean. This thesis uses coupled atmosphere-ocean regional climate modeling to tackle the sensitivity of these events to sea surface temperature (SST) changes coming either from model biases or from the oceanic mixed layer response to atmospheric forcing. Two case studies show the particular sensitivity of moisture convergence zones to SST changes. The use of synthetic indexes of precipitation changes and SST changes in the upstream zones shows a linear relationship between the two indexes in several regions (Cévennes, the region of Valencia, Calabria) in the modeling platforms MORCE and CNRM-RCSM4. Furthermore, we show that the HPEs in the region of Valencia are often preceded by a Mistral event which cools the upstream zone whithin 5 days before the HPEs. In turn, this cooling tends to reduce the intensity of the HPE
Berthou, Ségolène. "Sensibilité des précipitations extrêmes au couplage sous-mensuel atmosphère-océan en Méditerranée nord-occidentale : approche par la modélisation climatique régionale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066477.
Full textEvery year in autumn, heavy precipitation events (HPEs) occur in the northwestern Mediterrranean. This thesis uses coupled atmosphere-ocean regional climate modeling to tackle the sensitivity of these events to sea surface temperature (SST) changes coming either from model biases or from the oceanic mixed layer response to atmospheric forcing. Two case studies show the particular sensitivity of moisture convergence zones to SST changes. The use of synthetic indexes of precipitation changes and SST changes in the upstream zones shows a linear relationship between the two indexes in several regions (Cévennes, the region of Valencia, Calabria) in the modeling platforms MORCE and CNRM-RCSM4. Furthermore, we show that the HPEs in the region of Valencia are often preceded by a Mistral event which cools the upstream zone whithin 5 days before the HPEs. In turn, this cooling tends to reduce the intensity of the HPE
Pujol, Nicolas. "Développement d’approches régionales et multivariées pour la détection de non stationnarités d’extrêmes climatiques. Applications aux précipitations du pourtour méditerranéen français." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20090.
Full textAt the same time as the global warming context, the vulnerability in front of extreme hydrological events is in constant increase, notably in France. If the effect of the climate change on the maximal temperatures is turned out, its impact on the regime of strong rains is not established, and we wonder, for some years, about the perception of an increasing number of extreme events: badly mastered urbanization, excessive media coverage or climate change? In this context, the objective of this thesis is double. In the first place, to define statistical tools allowing the regional study of the stationnarity of climatic extremes. Indeed, the climate change is a large-scale phenomenon which should have an impact at the regional scale. Secondly, to study the stationnarity of the intense Mediterranean precipitations. Two approaches are proposed here. The first one allows to detect significant local changes at the regional scale. The second consists in looking for a regional tendency which is common to all the stations of a same zone. This second method is based on the use of multivariate copula which allow to take formally into account the spatial dependence of the data. The estimation by maximum likelihood method is then realized via the genetic algorithms. So, 92 precipitation series of the French Mediterranean region are examined. An increase of annual maxima is observed on a meridian band going from the Ariège to the Corrèze, and also in the Massif Central, Cevennes and the mountains of Roussillon