Academic literature on the topic 'Precision line levelling'
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Journal articles on the topic "Precision line levelling"
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Popadyev, V. V., and D. A. Kuliev. "Application of global geopotential models to high-precesion levelling processing." Geodesy and Cartography 926, no. 8 (September 20, 2017): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2017-926-8-2-9.
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The article studies the properties of the high-degree gravity field model EGM-2008 in the calculation of integral characteristics at large distances several times greater than the spatial resolution of the model. As an example of an indirect evaluation of a high-degree model, a gravimetric correction was computed into the sum of the measured elevations along the line of the high-precision I class leveling of the Krasnovodsk – Chardzhou line located in Turkmenistan. Using the calculator ICGEM, the Bouguer anomalies were calculated at each point of the line, then the attraction of the Bouguer layer (used heights are from catalog) excluded for the transition to free-air anomalies. In parallel, for a direct evaluation of the model, a regular grid of Bouguer anomalies with a step of 2 angular minutes within line area was also obtained, which were then compared with the anomalies from the gravity map J-40 of scale 1
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Popovas, Darius. "ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CELESTIAL BODIES ON DIFFERENCES IN MEASURED HEIGHT / DANGAUS KŪNŲ ĮTAKOS IŠMATUOTAM AUKŠČIŲ SKIRTUMUI TYRIMAS / АНАЛИЗ ВЛИЯНИЯ НЕБЕСНЫХ ТЕЛ НА ИЗМЕРЕННУЮ РАЗНИЦУ ВЫСОТ." Geodesy and Cartography 37, no. 3 (November 1, 2011): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921541.2011.626256.
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Under the effect of celestial bodies, the deflection of vertical induces changes in the levelled height difference. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the produced effect on high-precision levelling data. The article analyses the dependency of lunisolar correction on the lunar phase and azimuth of the levelling line and correction rate of changes. The paper also revises formulas for calculating lunisolar correction derived from using tide generating potential. Santrauka Straipsnyje analizuojama vertikalės nuokrypio dėl dangaus kūnų įtaka išmatuotam aukščių skirtumui. Šią įtaką būtina įvertinti apdorojant precizinės niveliacijos matavimų duomenis. Įvertinta potvynio pataisos priklausomumas nuo Mėnulio fazių ir niveliacijos linijos azimuto bei pataisos kitimo greitis. Taikant potvynio potencialo išraišką, gautos patikslintos išmatuoto aukščių skirtumo vertinimo formulės. Резюме Под влиянием небесных тел отклонение вертикали вызывает изменения в разнице высот, полученной нивелированием. Необходимо оценить этот эффект в данных высокоточной нивеляции. Были проанали зированы зависимость лунно-солнечных поправок от лунных фаз, азимута линии нивеляций и скорости изменения поправки. Получены уточненные формулы для расчета лунно-солнечной поправки с использованием приливного потенциала.
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Garde, A. A. "Close-range geological photogrammetry studies: field and laboratory procedures with examples from prograde granulite facies orthogneisses, Kerala, South India." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 156 (January 1, 1992): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v156.8192.
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Precambrian orthogneisses exposed in quarries in the Palghat Gap, KeraIa, South India, were photographed for use in geological photogrammetry studies with a 35 mm (small frame) hand-held camera. Local ground control was provided by simple means: hand level, geological compass and 2 m rule. The practical procedure of photography and acquisition of ground control data is described. The stereoscopic photographs, which show complicated field relations in gneisses with prograde, transitional amphibolite to granulite metamorphic facies relations, were studied using multi-model photogrammetry (see Dueholm, 1992) and an analytical plotter. The estimated standard deviations in the stereo models of scale, azimuth and levelling were ± 2%, 2° and 5°, respectively, but the precision was very good (Iess than 1 cm). Outcrop maps were drawn with an on-line plotter at scales varying from 1:25 to 1:200 with contour intervals between 5 and 100 cm. The plot data were transferred, edited on a Macintosh computer and made ready for publication with a vector-based graphics application.
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Krzysztofik, Izabela, and Zbigniew Koruba. "APPLICATION OF AN OPTIMAL CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR A GYROSCOPE SYSTEM OF A HOMING AIR-TO-AIR MISSILE." Aviation 25, no. 1 (April 13, 2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aviation.2021.13899.
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Missile homing precision depends mainly on the correct determination of the current angle between the Gyroscope System Axis (GSA) and the target line-of-sight (LOS). A gyroscope automatic control system shall ensure spontaneous levelling of this angle, hence, constant homing of the gyroscope system axis in on the LOS, i.e. tracking the target by the head. The available literature on the subject lacks a description of how to use the controlled gyro system in the process of guiding the missile onto the target. In this paper, the authors present the original development of an optimal control algorithm for a gyro system with a square quality indicator in conditions of interference and kinematic influence of the missile deck. A comparative analysis of the LQR with the PD regulator was made. PD regulator parameters are also selected optimally, using the Golubencev method, so that the transition process of the homing system fades over a minimal time, while simultaneously ensuring the overlapping of the gyroscope axis with the target line-of-sight. The computer simulation results have been obtained in a Matlab-Simulink environment and are presented in a graphic form.
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Bamber, Jonathan L. "A digital elevation model of the Antarctic ice sheet derived from ERS-1 altimeter data and comparison with terrestrial measurements." Annals of Glaciology 20 (1994): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1994aog20-1-48-54.
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The launch of ERS-1 provides coverage, by satellite altimetry, of 80% of the Antarctic ice sheet, allowing topographic mapping of areas which previously had a dearth of accurate elevation data. Four 35 d repeat cycles of fastdelivery altimeter data were used in this study, comprising a total of approximately 1000000 height estimates. About 40% of these were rejected during a careful filtering procedure designed to remove erroneous values caused by poor tracking or complete loss of the returned echo. The OSU-91A geopotential model was used to convert ellipsoidal elevations to geoidal values. Corrections for surface slope were applied and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was produced with a grid spacing of 20km.The precision of the data was assessed from an analysis of crossing points of ascending and descending tracks. For 43864 cross-overs, the standard deviation was 6.8m. Regional biases associated with geoid, orbit and topography-induced errors reduce the accuracy of the height measurements. This was assessed by a comparison with ground-survey data. The DEM was compared with a 700km levelling survey, with an accuracy ranging from 1 to 5m, from the Lambert Glacier basin region (≈73° S, 55° E). The mean difference was found to be-1.6m with a standard deviation of 14m. A similar result was obtained for a 600km traverse line in Wilkes Land (75° S,≈1l0° E).The DEM was then compared with a digitized version of the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) Antarctic folio map. This map was derived from orthometric measurements of surface elevation, primarily from pressure altimetry. Differences in excess of 300 m were observed between the two data sets. Only 37% of the region covered showed agreement to better than 50m, and a significant proportion ofthis was composed of the Ross and Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelves. The largest discrepancies occurred in marginal areas where there is poor coverage by both satellite altimetry and terrestrial data. Inland, significant differences were also found.
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Bamber, Jonathan L. "A digital elevation model of the Antarctic ice sheet derived from ERS-1 altimeter data and comparison with terrestrial measurements." Annals of Glaciology 20 (1994): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500016220.
Full textAbstract:
The launch of ERS-1 provides coverage, by satellite altimetry, of 80% of the Antarctic ice sheet, allowing topographic mapping of areas which previously had a dearth of accurate elevation data. Four 35 d repeat cycles of fastdelivery altimeter data were used in this study, comprising a total of approximately 1000000 height estimates. About 40% of these were rejected during a careful filtering procedure designed to remove erroneous values caused by poor tracking or complete loss of the returned echo. The OSU-91A geopotential model was used to convert ellipsoidal elevations to geoidal values. Corrections for surface slope were applied and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was produced with a grid spacing of 20km.The precision of the data was assessed from an analysis of crossing points of ascending and descending tracks. For 43864 cross-overs, the standard deviation was 6.8m. Regional biases associated with geoid, orbit and topography-induced errors reduce the accuracy of the height measurements. This was assessed by a comparison with ground-survey data. The DEM was compared with a 700km levelling survey, with an accuracy ranging from 1 to 5m, from the Lambert Glacier basin region (≈73° S, 55° E). The mean difference was found to be-1.6m with a standard deviation of 14m. A similar result was obtained for a 600km traverse line in Wilkes Land (75° S,≈1l0° E).The DEM was then compared with a digitized version of the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) Antarctic folio map. This map was derived from orthometric measurements of surface elevation, primarily from pressure altimetry. Differences in excess of 300 m were observed between the two data sets. Only 37% of the region covered showed agreement to better than 50m, and a significant proportion ofthis was composed of the Ross and Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelves. The largest discrepancies occurred in marginal areas where there is poor coverage by both satellite altimetry and terrestrial data. Inland, significant differences were also found.
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Salnikov, Valerij G. "IMPROVEMENT OF HIGH-PRECISION LEVELLING METHOD BY DIGITAL LEVELS IN THE CONDITION OF NON-SUFFICIENT LIGHT INTENSITY OF LINED ROD." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 25, no. 3 (2020): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2020-25-3-63-71.
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The performing of high-precision geometric leveling by short beams with the purpose of control for the process of building and exploitation of engineering structures and industrial equipment is carried out with visual reading levels or digital levels in case there are a lot of disturbance effects, the basic of which are the vibrations of some equipment in operation, rapid temperature changes, and also non-sufficient and irregular light intensity of bar-code or lined rods. The purpose of the article is the improvement of high-precision leveling method performance by digital levels in the condition of insufficient light intensity of bar-code rods. The article considers the influence of insufficient light intensity of bar-code rods on the leveling station work by digital levels. Due to irregular and insufficient light intensity of the rod the receiver of the digital level does not allow to read distinctly the bar-code and to perform its processing and output to the indication unit in metric system. That’s why for accurate measurement on the station the light intensity of the rods should be sufficient, nearly similar and regular. The article gives the results of using the rod, equipped with light-emitting diodes to provide its sufficient and regular lighting.
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Vega Fernádez, Alonso, Oscar Lücke Castro, and Jaime Garbanzo Leon. "Geoid heights in Costa Rica, Case of Study: Baseline Along the Central Pacific Zone." Revista Ingeniería 30, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ri.v30i1.35839.
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A precise orthometric height (H) and orthometric height difference (ΔH) determination is required in many fields like construction, geodesy and geophysics. H is often obtained from an ellipsoidal height (h) and geoid height (N) of a geoid model (GM) because this computation does not have the spirit leveling restrictions on long distances. However, the H accuracy depends on the GM local area adaptation, and current global geoid models (GGMs) have not been yet evaluated for Costa Rica. Therefore, this paper aims to determine which GGM maintains a better fit with a GPS/levelling baseline that contains the gravity full spectrum. A 74 km baseline was measured using GPS, spirit leveling and gravity measurements to validate the N computed from EGM2008, EIGEN-6C4, GECO, EGM96, GGM05C and GOCO05C. First, an absolute N assessment was made, where geoid height from the GGMs (NGGM) were directly compared to the geometric geoid heights (Ngeo) obtained from GPS and spirit levelling. A bias fit (Nbias) of about 2 m was computed from this comparison for most GGMs with respect to the local vertical reference surface (W0). By subtracting the Nbias, a relative geoid height (ΔN) assessment was designed to compare the differences between GGM relative geoid height (ΔNGGM) and geometric relative geoid height (ΔNgeo) on segments along the baseline. The ΔN comparison shows that EGM2008, EIGEN-6C4 and GECO better represent the Costa Rican Central Pacific Coastal Zone and over long distances, ΔH can be computed with a decimeter to centimeter precision.
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K., Shruthi, G. M. Hiremath, and Amrutha T. Joshi. "An overview of use of precision farming technologies by the farmers- A case study of North Eastern Karnataka." Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research, of (January 31, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-4889.
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Agriculture in future can be expected to be competitive, knowledge-intensive and market driven. Modern frontier technologies involving systems approach towards efficient crop and input management, land and water use planning are essential for Indian agriculture to meet the challenges in the present context. Further, increasing the productivity level of a pollution free technological factor of production is inevitable. With this concern the present study was carried out in North Eastern parts of Karnataka state, where the precision farming technology was implemented. Hence, an attempt has been made through present paper to study the extent of usage of precision farming technologies at farm level. The technologies implemented were GPS, GIS, variable rate applications of inputs, crop sensors etc. Adopters were aware of benefits of management aspects like size of grid, soil sampling, soil analysis, variable rate of application of fertilizers, laser levelling and harvesting by grids. But still, precision farming has yet to take its firm ground in India by moving from its infant stage. This is possible by dissemination of technology and its benefits by bringing awareness among farming community through efforts of Department of Agriculture by using SAUs and NGOs as channels.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Precision line levelling"
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Čáp, Pavel. "Opakovaná nivelace na vodním zdroji Tetčice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225585.
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This master’s thesis deals with the vertical movements of foundation soil in village Tetčice. In the first part describes geological structures and problems in locality. A next chapter deals with surveying vertical movements, measurements and evaluation. As addition is measurement actually groundwater level depending on the line levelling.
Conference papers on the topic "Precision line levelling"
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Birvydienė, Rosita, Algirdas Butkus, Arūnas Būga, Ramunas Dedela, Ricardas Kolosovskis, Boleslovas Krikštaponis, Arvydas Musteikis, et al. "Final Results of Establishment of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Network of Lithuania." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.166.
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The methodology of all kinds of geodetic measurements of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Network, the information on the observation data received and main results of the accuracy estimation and adjustment of the network are presented. In 2006 the development of the Geodetic Vertical First Order Network of Lithuania was completed. It was the basis to adopt the Height System of Lithuania (LAS07). The densification of the Geodetic Vertical First Order Network started in 2010 by development of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Network. The Second Order Network consists of 74 levelling lines, and total length of them is 3087 km. In the period of 2010–2013 the 16 levelling lines (814 km) were observed. Rest of levelling lines were observed in 2013–2016. Total number of benchmarks is 2099. The levelling was executed by digital levels Trimble DiNi12 and coded rods Nedo LD13. All ground benchmarks were positioned by GPS receivers Trimble 5700 and Trimble Zephyr Geodetic antennas. LitPOS stations served as fiducial points. The gravity accelerations at all benchmarks were observed by gravimeters Scintrex CG-5. The levellings of the Second Order Network carried out is characterized by high precision: the double run of one kilometre levelling RMS error does not exceeds 0.7 mm. The adjustments of the second order levelling lines applying least square method were executed separately in each region outlined by the First Order network lines and border of a country.