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1

Akyürek, Nesibe. "ERKEN PUBERTEYE YAKLAŞIM." Chronicles of Precision Medical Researchers 2, no. 3 (2022): 62–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5874695.

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<strong>Abstact</strong> Puberty is a physiological process if it occurs at the normal time and duration. Precocious puberty is defined as development of secondary sex characteristics before the age of 8 years in girls and before the age of 9 years in boys.The causes of puberty symptoms in patients presenting with early puberty findings should be investigated first.Apart from the fact that early puberty affects the final height, psychosocial disorders may develop due to inappropriate pubertal development. <strong>Key words: central precocious puberty,</strong> <strong>peripheral precocious pub
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2

Chinthamreddy Aruna and Achutha Giridhar. "A Precocious Puberty." International Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Health Care Research 13, no. 1 (2025): 27–36. https://doi.org/10.61096/ijphr.v13.iss1.2025.27-36.

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In this review explain Precocious puberty (PP) meanз the appearance of зecondary sexual characters before the age of eight yearз in girlз and nine yearз in boyз. Puberty iз indicated in girls by the enlargement of the breaзtз (thelarche) in girlз and in boyз by the enlargement of the teзteз in either volume or length (teзticular volume = 4 mL, teзticular length = 25 mm, or both). Two types of PP are recognized - namely central PP (CPP) and peripheral PP (PPP). Thiз paper aimз to deзcribe the clinical findingз and laboratory workup of PP and to illuзtrate the new trendз in the management of prec
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3

Begum, Poly, Dipti Rani Saha, and Md Kamrul Hassan. "Precocious Puberty – A Case Report." Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 30, no. 2 (2016): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v30i2.30906.

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The parents of a 04-year-old girl bring her to a Gynaecologist because of breast development, appearance of pubic hair and periodic per vaginal bleeding. Her medical history is unremarkable. The parents are of average height, and the mother reports first menstruating when she was 11 years old. At physical examination, the girl is 100 cm tall , weighs 17 kg, and has a bodymass index of 17. Her pubertal development is classified as Tanner stage 3 breast development and Tanner stage 2 pubic hair development. She was diagnosed as a case of precocious puberity. Appearance of secondary sexual develo
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4

Rahma, Jihan Alifa, Adinda Ilsa Maulida, Alma Dyah Perwita, et al. "Precocious Puberty: Etiology and Current Treatment." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, no. 1 (2023): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i1.5926.

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Precocious puberty also known as premature puberty is an abnormal pubertal development that can affect a child's growth and development. The clinical manifestations of precocious puberty are generally diverse and based on etiology are classified into central precocious puberty (GnRH dependent) and peripheral precocious puberty (GnRH independent). The main concern with precocious puberty is that precocious puberty can be a clinical symptom of an underlying serious disease such as a brain tumor, adrenal or gonadal tumor and others. Early identification of etiology plays an important role in prev
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5

Sultana, Nusrat, Faria Afsana, Nazma Akhtar, et al. "Precocious puberty: diagnosis and management." BIRDEM Medical Journal 12, no. 1 (2021): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v12i1.57228.

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Precocious puberty is commonly defined as puberty that starts before age 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys. The causes of it may range from a variant of normal development to various pathologic conditions. The etiology of precocious puberty is classified by the underlying pathogenesis into gonadotropin dependent central precocious puberty and peripheral precocious puberty which is independent of gonadotropin but due to different other causes. Variants of precocious puberty include premature thelarche, premature puberche and isolated premature menarche which imply onset of isolated changes w
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6

P., Pallavee, and Rupal Samal. "Precocious puberty: a clinical review." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 3 (2018): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180853.

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Precocious puberty is defined as pubertal development occurring more than 2.5 standard deviations earlier than the average age. It may comprise of central or gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty and peripheral or gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty. Variants of precocious puberty include premature thelarche, premature pubarche and isolated premature menarche which principally implies onset of menstruation without any other signs of sexual development. Precocious puberty may have long-term consequences including short stature later on in adulthood owing to premature epiphyseal fusi
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7

Binu, Jeffy, and Sonia Raichel Thomas. "A cross sectional study on the precocious puberty among girls in the age group of 11-15 years, in two schools in Kollam." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 5 (2017): 1603. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171771.

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Background: Puberty is the period during which human development progresses, from the first pubertal sign to full sexual maturation. Precocious puberty is a common problem affecting up to 29 per 100 000 girls per year. The objective of this study is to find out the prevalence of precocious puberty among school going girls and to find out relation with various risk factors.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted by enrolling 250 school going girls by selecting one school each from urban and rural setup. Prevalence of precocious puberty was expressed in percentage and Chi square test was
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8

Micangeli, Ginevra, Roberto Paparella, Francesca Tarani, et al. "Clinical Management and Therapy of Precocious Puberty in the Sapienza University Pediatrics Hospital of Rome, Italy." Children 10, no. 10 (2023): 1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10101672.

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Puberty identifies the transition from childhood to adulthood. Precocious puberty is the onset of signs of pubertal development before age eight in girls and before age nine in boys, it has an incidence of 1/5000–1/10,000 with an F:M ratio ranging from 3:1 to 20:1. Precocious puberty can be divided into central, also known as gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty or true precocious puberty, and peripheral, also recognized as gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty or precocious pseudopuberty. Thus, the main aim of this narrative report is to describe the standard clinical management an
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9

Muir, Andrew. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics in Review 27, no. 10 (2006): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.27-10-373.

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10

Long, D. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics in Review 36, no. 7 (2015): 319–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.36-7-319.

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11

Pescovitz, O. H. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics in Review 11, no. 8 (1990): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.11-8-229.

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12

Root, A. W. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics in Review 21, no. 1 (2000): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.21-1-10.

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13

Finlay, Fiona, and Rosemary Jones. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics 106, no. 1 (2000): 162.3–163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.106.1.162-b.

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14

Root, Allen W. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics In Review 21, no. 1 (2000): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.21.1.10.

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15

Pescovitz, Ora Hirsch. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics In Review 11, no. 8 (1990): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.11.8.229.

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The child with premature sexual development requires a thorough history, physical, and appropriate laboratory evaluation. The physician and other medical staff should remain sensitive to the family's concerns and the child's emotional adaptation. Counseling and open discussion of the psychosocial and sexual issues may greatly assist both the child and family. Making the correct diagnosis is critical to the selection of the appropriate form of therapy. Fortunately, in most cases in which therapy is warranted, it is extremely effective. In the remaining conditions, promising new forms of therapy
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16

Long, Dominique. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics In Review 36, no. 7 (2015): 319–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.36.7.319.

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17

Muir, Andrew. "Precocious Puberty." Pediatrics In Review 27, no. 10 (2006): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.27.10.373.

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18

Khadilkar, Vaman, and Nikhil Shah. "Precocious Puberty." Bombay Hospital Journal 62, no. 1 (2020): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15713/ins.bhj.05.

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19

Frazier, Aletta Ann. "Precocious Puberty." RadioGraphics 32, no. 7 (2012): 2100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.327125195.

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20

Kulin, Howard E. "Precocious Puberty." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 30, no. 3 (1987): 714–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003081-198709000-00026.

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21

Ott, Mary Jane, and Patricia Ludder Jackson. "Precocious Puberty." Nurse Practitioner 14, no. 11 (1989): 21???34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-198911000-00007.

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22

Carel, Jean-Claude, and Juliane Léger. "Precocious Puberty." New England Journal of Medicine 358, no. 22 (2008): 2366–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmcp0800459.

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23

Karthikeyan, Ambika, and J. C. Agwu. "Precocious Puberty." Clinical Pediatrics 47, no. 7 (2008): 718–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922808315220.

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24

Mostafa, Taymour. "Precocious puberty." Human Andrology 6, no. 2 (2016): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.xha.0000473646.90564.16.

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25

Bath, L. E., D. C. Brown, and C. J. H. Kelnar. "Precocious puberty." Current Paediatrics 9, no. 4 (1999): 242–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/cupe.1999.0061.

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26

Neely, E. Kirk, and Stephanie S. Crossen. "Precocious puberty." Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology 26, no. 5 (2014): 332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gco.0000000000000099.

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27

Eugster, Erica A., and Mark R. Palmert. "Precocious Puberty." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 91, no. 9 (2006): E1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.91.9.9997.

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28

Alaniz, Veronica, Patricia Huguelet, and Stephen Scott. "Precocious Puberty." Postgraduate Obstetrics & Gynecology 33, no. 23 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pgo.0000439089.84809.94.

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29

&NA;. "Precocious Puberty." Postgraduate Obstetrics & Gynecology 33, no. 23 (2013): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pgo.0000439090.84809.42.

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30

Milne, Cathy. "Precocious puberty." New Scientist 191, no. 2564 (2006): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(06)60215-7.

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31

Castiglia, Patricia T. "Precocious puberty." Journal of Pediatric Health Care 5, no. 5 (1991): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0891-5245(91)90082-2.

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32

Colaco, Prisca. "Precocious puberty." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 64, no. 2 (1997): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02752439.

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33

Dixon, J. R., and S. F. Ahmed. "Precocious puberty." Paediatrics and Child Health 17, no. 9 (2007): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2007.06.009.

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34

Brook, C. G. D. "Precocious puberty." Clinical Endocrinology 42, no. 6 (1995): 647–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02693.x.

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35

Brown, Donald C., Heather F. Stirling, and Christopher J. H. Kelnar. "Precocious puberty." Current Paediatrics 4, no. 3 (1994): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0957-5839(94)90048-5.

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36

Versha Rani Rai, Saad Ullah Chachar, Roshia Parveen, Zubair Khoso, Taj Muhammad Laghari, and Mohsina Noor Ibrahim. "Evaluation of etiology and clinical feature of precocious puberty among children presenting in a pediatric endocrinology department in a tertiary care hospital." Professional Medical Journal 30, no. 09 (2023): 1179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2023.30.09.7598.

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Objective: To find the frequency of precocious puberty in children and to compare the clinical and laboratory parameters of central &amp; peripheral precocious puberty. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Karachi's National Institute of Child Health's Paediatric &amp; endocrinology Division. Period: December 2016 and 2021. Material &amp; Methods: All patients with precocious puberty will be taken from files through non-probability convenience sampling method. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 22.0. Results: Total 65 patients were included. The mean age was 6+3.35years. Precocious pub
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37

Kasongo, Laura, Patricia Forget, and Ramona Corina Nicolescu. "Coincidental Central Precocious Puberty and Wilms Tumor in a 5-Year-Old Girl." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2019 (September 8, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5427207.

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Wilms tumor is the most frequent pediatric renal malignancy, and its usual presentation is an abdominal mass or hematuria. Unusual presentations have also been reported, such as paraneoplastic syndromes (acquired von Willebrand disease, sudden death due to pulmonary embolism, and Cushing syndrome). These conditions can precede, occur concomitantly, or present in a later phase of tumor development. Precocious puberty, as paraneoplastic endocrine syndrome, has already been described in children with malignant tumors (brain, gonadal, adrenal tumors, and hepatoblastoma). However, little is known a
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38

Albright, A. Leland, and Peter A. Lee. "Neurosurgical treatment of hypothalamic hamartomas causing precocious puberty." Journal of Neurosurgery 78, no. 1 (1993): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1993.78.1.0077.

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✓ Five children, three girls and two boys, were treated for precocious puberty secondary to hypothalamic hamartoma by resection of the hamartoma. The patients' ages at onset of pubertal development ranged from 6 to 19 months. The hamartomas ranged in size from 6 to 10 mm; four were pedunculated, one was sessile, and all were located below the tuber cinereum. The hamartomas were excised via a right subtemporal approach, with transection at the inferior surface of the hypothalamus; two were adherent posteriorly to the basilar artery and brain stem, and the adhesions were divided. Postoperatively
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39

Lasmi, Anjely Doni, Dhila Thasliyah, and Ratih Fitriati. "MANIFESTASI KLINIS, DIAGNOSIS, DAN TATALAKSANA PUBERTAS PREKOKS." Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Media Husada 11, no. 1 (2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33475/jikmh.v11i1.287.

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The purpose of preparing this article is to understand more deeply about precocious puberty. The method used is a literature study from various sources, such as: 1) journal reviews, 2). scientific writing articles. Selection of journals and articles focused on precocious puberty, while reviews of articles and journals were carried out in the last 10 years from 2010-2020. Precocious puberty is defined as a condition in girls aged less than 8 years and boys aged less than 9 years who experience secondary sexual development, both physical and hormonal signs. Precocious puberty is classified into
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40

Lasmi, Anjely Doni, Dhila Thasliyah, and Ratih Fitriati. "MANIFESTASI KLINIS, DIAGNOSIS, DAN TATALAKSANA PUBERTAS PREKOKS." Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Media Husada 11, no. 1 (2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33475/jikmh.v11i1.287.

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The purpose of preparing this article is to understand more deeply about precocious puberty. The method used is a literature study from various sources, such as: 1) journal reviews, 2). scientific writing articles. Selection of journals and articles focused on precocious puberty, while reviews of articles and journals were carried out in the last 10 years from 2010-2020. Precocious puberty is defined as a condition in girls aged less than 8 years and boys aged less than 9 years who experience secondary sexual development, both physical and hormonal signs. Precocious puberty is classified into
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41

Madi, Lee Rima, Naama Fisch Shvalb, Chen Sade Zaltz, and Yael Levy-Shraga. "Central precocious puberty after resection of a virilising adrenocortical oncocytic tumour." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 5 (2021): e239562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-239562.

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Adrenocortical oncocytic tumours are a histological subtype of adrenal neoplasms with a distinctive morphological appearance. Since these tumours are composed of cells of the adrenal cortex, they may act as functional tumours with excess hormone production. They may cause Cushing’s syndrome, inappropriate virilisation or precocious puberty. Though rare during childhood, adrenocortical oncocytic tumours should be suspected in a child with peripheral precocious puberty and marked elevation of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels. We describe a 6-year girl who presented with peripheral precociou
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42

Razaq, Laiba, Muhammad Saqib Mian, Muhammad Faizan, et al. "Precocious Puberty Induced by Chronic Rhinosinusitis." American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 7, no. 6 (2025): 48–54. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume07issue06-05.

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Background: Precocious puberty is the early onset of secondary sexual characteristics before age 8 in girls and 9 in boys. It is classified into central precocious puberty (CPP), which is GnRH-dependent, and peripheral precocious puberty (PPP), which is GnRH-independent. Hypothalamic hamartomas are a well-documented cause of CPP, while chronic rhinosinusitis has not been commonly associated with early puberty. Case Presentation: We report a 6.5-year-old boy who presented with increased penile length, deepened voice, and axillary and pubic hair growth for six months. Additionally, he had a hist
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43

Oluwayemi, I. O., A. A. Afolabi, E. O. Adeniji, and T. O. Ayeni. "Precocious puberty in a 24 month old Nigerian girl: case report." Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics 47, no. 4 (2020): 358–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njp.v47i4.10.

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Precocious puberty refers to the appearance of signs of puberty at an earlier age than is considered normal. It occurs ten times more commonly in girls than in boys. The overall incidence ranged from 1/5000 to 1/10,000 children. The cause is idiopathic in 90% of cases of female precocious puberty. We present BA a 24 month old female toddler who presented with one year history of progressive breast development and 6 month history of pubic hair growth. There was associated increasing weight, height and vaginal secretion. There was no similar occurrence in the family. Mother attained menarche at
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44

Al Kadaoui, Nihal, Samah Amhager, Zineb Imane, and Yamna Krioul. "PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY AND PREMATURE THELARCHE IN GIRLS:." EPH - International Journal of Medical and Health Science 4, no. 3 (2018): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/eijmhs.v4i3.46.

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Introduction: Early puberty is a pathology known by the appearance of clinical signs of puberty before the age of 8 years for girls and 9 years for boys. In 90% of the cases, it’s a Central Precocious Puberty. It could be peripheral too. The precocious puberty etiologies are variable but it’s idiopathic in 90% of cases &#x0D; Materials and Methods: retrospective descriptive study of three cases of precocious puberty admitted in pediatric endocrinology department (Pediatric II) in the Children’s Hospital of Rabat during 2018. The main elements studied were: the age, the sex, clinical symptoms o
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45

Monai, Elena, Anders Johansen, Erik Clasen-Linde, et al. "CENTRAL PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY IN TWO BOYS WITH PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME ON GROWTH HORMONE TREATMENT." AACE Clinical Case Reports 5, no. 6 (2019): e352-e356. http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/accr-2019-0245.

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Objective: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic neuroendocrine disorder characterized by hypotonia, obesity, short stature, and mental retardation. Incomplete or delayed pubertal development as well as premature adrenarche are usually found in PWS, whereas central precocious puberty is rarely seen. Methods: This study reports the clinical, biochemical, and histologic findings in 2 boys with PWS who developed central precocious puberty. Results: Both boys were started on growth hormone therapy during the first years of life according to the PWS indication. They had both bilateral crypt
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46

Begum, Poly, Dipti Rani Saha, and Md Kamrul Hassan. "A 4-Year-Old Girl with Precocious Puberty." Journal of Enam Medical College 6, no. 3 (2016): 161–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v6i3.29684.

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Appearance of secondary sexual development before the age of nine in a male child and before the age of eight in a female child is called precocious puberty. Precocious puberty due to premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is called central or complete precocious puberty. Incomplete precocious puberty is called if ectopic gonadotrophin secretion occurs in boys or autonomous sex steroid secretion occurs in either sex. Here we report a case of a 4-year-old girl brought to a gynecologist by her parents because of breast development, pubic hair and periodic per vaginal bleeding. H
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47

Ahmed, Tasnima, Fauzia Mohsin, Nasreen Islam, Juben Nahar, Shahida Akhter, and Kishwar Azad. "Aetiology of Percociuos Puberty in Patients Presenting to A Tertiary Care Hospital." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 41, no. 3 (2018): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v41i3.36948.

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Background: Precocious puberty is a common paediatric endocrine disorder seen in clinical practice. This study was carried out to find out the aetiology of precocious puberty in children presenting in a tertiary care hospital.Methodology: This cross sectional study was done at paediatric endocrine outpatient department at BIRDEM General Hospital from July 2005 to June 2015. The clinical data as well as laboratory findings were collected from consecutive patients who presented for evaluation of precocious puberty.Result: Seventy one patients presented with precocious puberty during this study p
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48

Lee, Hae Sang. "Genetic etiologies of central precocious puberty." Precision and Future Medicine 5, no. 3 (2021): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2021.00107.

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Pubertal onset is a complex process, which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as obesity and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In addition, the timing of normal puberty varies between individuals and is a highly polygenic trait with both rare and common variants. Central precocious puberty (CPP) is defined as the early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Genetic factors are suggested to account for 50% to 80% of the variation in puberty initiation, as indicated by the greater concordance of pubertal timing observed in monozygotic twins than in dizygotic t
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49

Tjahyanto, Teddy, Eunike Angellina Mulyadi, Gabriel Angelica Novian, and Louis Rianto. "Association of Exclusive Breastfeeding to the Prevention of Precocious Puberty." KESANS : International Journal of Health and Science 2, no. 9 (2023): 667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54543/kesans.v2i9.189.

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Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding is breast milk given without other foods to children up to 6 months of age. Breast milk has many uses, including helping children's growth and development, preventing infections, reducing the risk of obesity, and helping children's mental and psychomotor development. Exclusive breastfeeding was found to have a protective effect against the incidence of precocious puberty. Precocious puberty is defined as the onset of puberty that occurs before age 8 in girls and age 9 in boys. Objective: Based on these findings, the authors want to make a study to compile
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50

Oliveira Neto, Clariano Pires de, Rossana Santiago de Sousa Azulay, Ana Gregória Ferreira Pereira de Almeida, et al. "Differences in Puberty of Girls before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8 (2022): 4733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084733.

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In the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in consultations for precocious puberty. We aim to analyze differences in female puberty before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional analytical study was designed at the Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão in São Luis, Brazil. We included 55 girls with precocious puberty, 22 who started puberty during the pandemic and 33 who started puberty before the pandemic. Clinical, anthropometric, laboratory and imaging variables were compared between groups. Statistics were performe
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