Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Predation escape dynamics / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Predation escape dynamics.

Journal articles on the topic 'Predation escape dynamics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Predation escape dynamics.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Connors, B. M., M. Krkošek, and L. M. Dill. "Sea lice escape predation on their host." Biology Letters 4, no. 5 (2008): 455–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0276.

Full text

Abstract:

Parasites seldom have predators but often fall victim to those of their hosts. How parasites respond to host predation can have important consequences for both hosts and parasites, though empirical investigations are rare. The exposure of wild juvenile salmon to sea lice ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis ) from salmon farms allowed us to study a novel ecological interaction: the response of sea lice to predation on their juvenile pink and chum salmon hosts by two salmonid predators—coho smolts and cut-throat trout. In approximately 70% of trials in which a predator consumed a parasitized prey, lice es

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Pal, Soumyadip, Fahad Al Basir, and Santanu Ray. "Impact of Cooperation and Intra-Specific Competition of Prey on the Stability of Prey–Predator Models with Refuge." Mathematical and Computational Applications 28, no. 4 (2023): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca28040088.

Full text

Abstract:

The main objective of this study is to find out the influences of cooperation and intra-specific competition in the prey population on escaping predation through refuge and the effect of the two intra-specific interactions on the dynamics of prey–predator systems. For this purpose, two mathematical models with Holling type II functional response functions were proposed and analyzed. The first model includes cooperation among prey populations, whereas the second one incorporates intra-specific competition. The existence conditions and stability of different equilibrium points for both models we

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Wilson, Robbie S., Theodore P. Pavlic, Rebecca Wheatley, Amanda C. Niehaus, and Ofir Levy. "Modeling escape success in terrestrial predator–prey interactions." Integrative and Comparative Biology 60, no. 2 (2020): 497–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa070.

Full text

Abstract:

Synopsis Prey species often modify their foraging and reproductive behaviors to avoid encounters with predators; yet once they are detected, survival depends on out-running, out-maneuvering, or fighting off the predator. Though predation attempts involve at least two individuals—namely, a predator and its prey—studies of escape performance typically measure a single trait (e.g., sprint speed) in the prey species only. Here, we develop a theoretical model in which the likelihood of escape is determined by the prey animal’s tactics (i.e., path trajectory) and its acceleration, top speed, agility

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Brinton, Brigette A., and Mary Carla Curran. "The effects of the parasite Probopyrus pandalicola (Packard, 1879) (Isopoda, Bopyridae) on the behavior, transparent camouflage, and predators of Palaemonetes pugio Holthuis, 1949 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)." Crustaceana 88, no. 12-14 (2015): 1265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003501.

Full text

Abstract:

The bopyrid isopod Probopyrus pandalicola (Packard, 1879) is a large, noticeable, hematophagous ectoparasite of palaemonid shrimps, including the daggerblade grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio Holthuis, 1949. Bopyrids affect grass shrimp physiology and may also affect predator-prey dynamics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the isopod affected the behavior and/or camouflage of grass shrimp, thereby altering the predation preferences of the mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus, 1766). To determine whether the isopod affected predator preference through behavioral and/or camo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Willis, Anthony J., Richard H. Groves, and Julian E. Ash. "Seed Ecology of Hypericum gramineum, an Australian Forb." Australian Journal of Botany 45, no. 6 (1997): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt96074.

Full text

Abstract:

Aspects of the seed ecology of Hypericum gramineum Forster, a perennial forb that is native to Australia, were examined in several germination and seed predation experiments. Fresh seeds were innately dormant. Highest germination of non-dormant seeds occurred in the light at a temperature regime of approximately 35/25˚C. The results of field experiments indicated that there was no strongly seasonal effect on germination. Predators, such as ants, removed < 20% seeds, thereby suggesting that post-dispersal seed predation is relatively unimportant in the dynamics of H. gramineum populations. S

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Warren, Donald T., Jennifer M. Donelson, and Mark I. McCormick. "Extended exposure to elevated temperature affects escape response behaviour in coral reef fishes." PeerJ 5 (August 18, 2017): e3652. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3652.

Full text

Abstract:

The threat of predation, and the prey’s response, are important drivers of community dynamics. Yet environmental temperature can have a significant effect on predation avoidance techniques such as fast-start performance observed in marine fishes. While it is known that temperature increases can influence performance and behaviour in the short-term, little is known about how species respond to extended exposure during development. We produced a startle response in two species of damselfish, the lemon damselPomacentrus moluccensis,and the Ambon damselfishPomacentrus amboinensis,by the repeated u

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Free, Brian A., Matthew J. McHenry, and Derek A. Paley. "Probabilistic analytical modelling of predator–prey interactions in fishes." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, no. 150 (2019): 20180873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0873.

Full text

Abstract:

Predation is a fundamental interaction between species, yet it is largely unclear what tactics are successful for the survival or capture of prey. One challenge in this area comes with how to test theoretical ideas about strategy with experimental measurements of features such as speed, flush distance and escape angles. Tactics may be articulated with an analytical model that predicts the motion of predator or prey as they interact. However, it may be difficult to recognize how the predictions of such models relate to behavioural measurements that are inherently variable. Here, we present an a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Morris, Cynthia L., and Matthew S. Lattanzio. "Intraspecific variation in tree lizard escape behaviour in relation to habitat and temperature." Behaviour 157, no. 2 (2020): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003586.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Optimal escape theory has proven useful for understanding the dynamics of antipredator behaviour in animals; however, approaches are often limited to single-population studies. We studied how the escape behaviour of tree lizards (Urosaurus ornatus) varied across a disturbance gradient. We also considered how sex, body temperature, and perch temperature affected their escape decisions. Both sexes exhibited similar response patterns; however, lizards in the most-disturbed habitat, as well as cooler (body or perch temperature) lizards, initiated escape earlier (but did not flee further)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Janssens, Lizanne, and Robby Stoks. "Predation risk causes oxidative damage in prey." Biology Letters 9, no. 4 (2013): 20130350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0350.

Full text

Abstract:

While there is increasing interest in non-consumptive effects of predators on prey, physiological effects are understudied. While physiological stress responses play a crucial role in preparing escape responses, the increased metabolic rates and shunting of energy away from other body functions, including antioxidant defence, may generate costs in terms of increased oxidative stress. Here, we test whether predation risk increases oxidative damage in Enallagma cyathigerum damselfly larvae. Under predation risk, larvae showed higher lipid peroxidation, which was associated with lower levels of s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Domenici, P., C. Lefrançois, and A. Shingles. "Hypoxia and the antipredator behaviours of fishes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1487 (2007): 2105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2103.

Full text

Abstract:

Hypoxia is a phenomenon occurring in marine coastal areas with increasing frequency. While hypoxia has been documented to affect fish activity and metabolism, recent evidence shows that hypoxia can also have a detrimental effect on various antipredator behaviours. Here, we review such evidence with a focus on the effect of hypoxia on fish escape responses, its modulation by aquatic surface respiration (ASR) and schooling behaviour. The main effect of hypoxia on escape behaviour was found in responsiveness and directionality. Locomotor performance in escapes was expected to be relatively indepe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Combes, S. A., J. D. Crall, and S. Mukherjee. "Dynamics of animal movement in an ecological context: dragonfly wing damage reduces flight performance and predation success." Biology Letters 6, no. 3 (2010): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0915.

Full text

Abstract:

Much of our understanding of the control and dynamics of animal movement derives from controlled laboratory experiments. While many aspects of animal movement can be probed only in these settings, a more complete understanding of animal locomotion may be gained by linking experiments on relatively simple motions in the laboratory to studies of more complex behaviours in natural settings. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, we examined the effects of wing damage on dragonfly flight performance in both a laboratory drop–escape response and the more natural context of aerial predation. T

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Figiel Jr., Chester R., and Raymond D. Semlitsch. "Effects of nonlethal injury and habitat complexity on predation in tadpole populations." Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, no. 4 (1991): 830–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z91-125.

Full text

Abstract:

Our purpose was to determine how nonlethal prey injury and habitat complexity mediate the dynamics of a predator–prey system. We assessed rates of predation by the crayfish Procambarus acutus acutus on Hyla chrysoscelis tadpoles with four levels of tail loss (0, 25, 50, and 75% total tail length removed), and in habitats of three levels of complexity (zero, low, and high density of screen) in a 4 × 3 factorial design. We also examined the effects of tail loss on tadpole sprint velocity and distance traveled. Tadpoles with 75% tail loss were preyed upon significantly more often than tadpoles in

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

York, Carly A., Ian K. Bartol, Paul S. Krueger, and Joseph T. Thompson. "Squids use multiple escape jet patterns throughout ontogeny." Biology Open 9, no. 11 (2020): bio054585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.054585.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTThroughout their lives, squids are both predators and prey for a multitude of animals, many of which are at the top of ocean food webs, making them an integral component of the trophic structure of marine ecosystems. The escape jet, which is produced by the rapid expulsion of water from the mantle cavity through a funnel, is central to a cephalopod's ability to avoid predation throughout its life. Although squid undergo morphological and behavioral changes and experience remarkably different Reynolds number regimes throughout their development, little is known about the dynamics and pr

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Rosario, M. V., G. P. Sutton, S. N. Patek, and G. S. Sawicki. "Muscle–spring dynamics in time-limited, elastic movements." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1838 (2016): 20161561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1561.

Full text

Abstract:

Muscle contractions that load in-series springs with slow speed over a long duration do maximal work and store the most elastic energy. However, time constraints, such as those experienced during escape and predation behaviours, may prevent animals from achieving maximal force capacity from their muscles during spring-loading. Here, we ask whether animals that have limited time for elastic energy storage operate with springs that are tuned to submaximal force production. To answer this question, we used a dynamic model of a muscle–spring system undergoing a fixed-end contraction, with paramete

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Campbell, Diane R. "Early snowmelt projected to cause population decline in a subalpine plant." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 26 (2019): 12901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820096116.

Full text

Abstract:

How climate change influences the dynamics of plant populations is not well understood, as few plant studies have measured responses of vital rates to climatic variables and modeled the impact on population growth. The present study used 25 y of demographic data to analyze how survival, growth, and fecundity respond to date of spring snowmelt for a subalpine plant. Fecundity was estimated by seed production (over 15 y) and also divided into flower number, fruit set, seeds per fruit, and escape from seed predation. Despite no apparent effects on flower number, plants produced more seeds in year

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Abdul Manaf, Zati Iwani, and Mohd Hafiz Mohd. "Dynamical System Analysis of the Prey-predator Interactions involving Prey Refuge and Herd Behaviors in Preys." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 18, no. 1 (2022): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v18n1.2415.

Full text

Abstract:

By employing a prey refuge mechanism, more preys can be protected from predation. Prey species are also better protected from predation when they congregate in herds. However, what if the prey refuge and herd behavior mechanisms were combined in a system? To investigate this phenomenon, we consider two different prey-predator systems with prey refuge capacity. The first system is a simple prey-predator with prey refuge, whereas the second system considers prey refuge and prey herd behavior mechanisms. Using these models, we explore how different prey refuge strategies affect species interactio

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Macale, Daniele, Massimiliano Scalici, and Alberto Venchi. "Growth, mortality, and longevity of the Egyptian tortoise Testudo kleinmanni Lortet, 1883." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 55, no. 2 (2009): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijee.55.2.133.

Full text

Abstract:

Both demography and population regulation play an important role in the theory of sustainable exploitation and conservation of threatened taxa, such as terrestrial Chelonia. Here, we show and discuss some dynamic aspects of Testudo kleinmanni using modal progression analysis of length compositions. Although the Testudinata physiology is very different from that of fish, their growth model conforms to the Von Bertalanffy growth model. We observed a maximum of three age classes for both juveniles and females, and four classes for males. No appreciable between-sex differences were found in growth

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Ortega-Jimenez, Victor M., Ardian Jusufi, Christian E. Brown, et al. "Air-to-land transitions: from wingless animals and plant seeds to shuttlecocks and bio-inspired robots." Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 18, no. 5 (2023): 051001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/acdb1c.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Recent observations of wingless animals, including jumping nematodes, springtails, insects, and wingless vertebrates like geckos, snakes, and salamanders, have shown that their adaptations and body morphing are essential for rapid self-righting and controlled landing. These skills can reduce the risk of physical damage during collision, minimize recoil during landing, and allow for a quick escape response to minimize predation risk. The size, mass distribution, and speed of an animal determine its self-righting method, with larger animals depending on the conservation of angular momen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Schooley, Robert L., Peter B. Sharpe, and Beatrice Van Horne. "Can shrub cover increase predation risk for a desert rodent?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 1 (1996): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-020.

Full text

Abstract:

Previous research indicates that predation risk may influence activity patterns, habitat partitioning, and community structure of nocturnal desert rodents. Shrub microhabitat is typically considered safer than open microhabitat for these small mammals. We investigated predation risk for Townsend's ground squirrels (Spermophilus townsendii), which are diurnal desert rodents that detect predators visually and use burrows for refuge. Our results suggested that shrub cover may increase risk for these squirrels by decreasing their ability to escape from predators. Our field experiment indicated tha

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Khurana, Ekta, and J. S. Singh. "Ecology of seed and seedling growth for conservation and restoration of tropical dry forest : a review." Environmental Conservation 28, no. 1 (2001): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892901000042.

Full text

Abstract:

Dry forests are among the most threatened ecosystems and have been extensively converted into grasslands, secondary forest, savanna or agricultural land. Knowledge of seed germination and seedling establishment is required for the success of efforts on restoration of these forests. This review focuses on the ecological requirements at seed and seedling stages, and collates the current knowledge of seed viability, dormancy, germination pattern and seedling behaviour of dry tropical tree species. The spatio-temporal variations within the tropical dry forest biome in soil moisture, light, tempera

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Chen, Yuxin, and Theodore Kolokolnikov. "A minimal model of predator–swarm interactions." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 11, no. 94 (2014): 20131208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.1208.

Full text

Abstract:

We propose a minimal model of predator–swarm interactions which captures many of the essential dynamics observed in nature. Different outcomes are observed depending on the predator strength. For a ‘weak’ predator, the swarm is able to escape the predator completely. As the strength is increased, the predator is able to catch up with the swarm as a whole, but the individual prey is able to escape by ‘confusing’ the predator: the prey forms a ring with the predator at the centre. For higher predator strength, complex chasing dynamics are observed which can become chaotic. For even higher streng

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Jeon, Wonju, and Sang-Hee Lee. "Stochastic rules for predator and prey hunting and escape behavior in a lattice-based model." International Journal of Biomathematics 09, no. 06 (2016): 1650089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524516500893.

Full text

Abstract:

Understanding of ecosystem resilience and stability requires comprehending predator–prey dynamics because ecosystems consist of dynamically interacting subsystems that include predator–prey relationships. This relationship is closely related to the hunting–escaping strategies employed by the predator and prey. Therefore, understanding the effects of hunting and escaping strategies on ecosystems will lead to a better understanding of these systems. As an approach for describing the predator–prey interaction, lattice-based models have been adopted because this approach has strong advantages for

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Villalba, Luis Alberto, Minoru Kasada, Luca Zoccarato, Sabine Wollrab, and Hans Peter Grossart. "Differing Escape Responses of the Marine Bacterium Marinobacter adhaerens in the Presence of Planktonic vs. Surface-Associated Protist Grazers." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17 (2022): 10082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231710082.

Full text

Abstract:

Protist grazing pressure plays a major role in controlling aquatic bacterial populations, affecting energy flow through the microbial loop and biogeochemical cycles. Predator-escape mechanisms might play a crucial role in energy flow through the microbial loop, but are yet understudied. For example, some bacteria can use planktonic as well as surface-associated habitats, providing a potential escape mechanism to habitat-specific grazers. We investigated the escape response of the marine bacterium Marinobacter adhaerens in the presence of either planktonic (nanoflagellate: Cafeteria roenbergens

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Bryce, Caleb M., Christopher C. Wilmers, and Terrie M. Williams. "Energetics and evasion dynamics of large predators and prey: pumasvs.hounds." PeerJ 5 (August 17, 2017): e3701. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3701.

Full text

Abstract:

Quantification of fine-scale movement, performance, and energetics of hunting by large carnivores is critical for understanding the physiological underpinnings of trophic interactions. This is particularly challenging for wide-ranging terrestrial canid and felid predators, which can each affect ecosystem structure through distinct hunting modes. To compare free-ranging pursuit and escape performance from group-hunting and solitary predators in unprecedented detail, we calibrated and deployed accelerometer-GPS collars during predator-prey chase sequences using packs of hound dogs (Canis lupus f

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Cho, Jung-Hee, and Sang-Hee Lee. "Effects of predator and prey hunting and escape strategies on ecosystem dynamics." Journal of the Korean Physical Society 64, no. 5 (2014): 746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.64.746.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Lacubtan, Roger Joseph L., and Mark Nolan P. Confesor. "Robust method of trapping self-propelling particles." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 36 (January 2015): 1560010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194515600101.

Full text

Abstract:

The ability to collect self-propelling particles (SPP) is an essential requirement for possible use of SPP in technological applications. In this paper we proposed a novel way of trapping SPP's, through guided trapping of SPP's in V-shaped trap. We performed brownian dynamic simulation via a modified Escape and Predation model developed by L. Angelani (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2012) to assess the validity of the proposed trapping method.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

FURUICHI, NOZOMU. "Dynamics between a Predator and a Prey Switching Two Kinds of Escape Motions." Journal of Theoretical Biology 217, no. 2 (2002): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.2002.3027.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Cooper, William E., and Wade C. Sherbrooke. "FEAR and DREAD: starting distance, escape decisions and time hiding in refuge." Behaviour 152, no. 10 (2015): 1371–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003283.

Full text

Abstract:

Flight initiation distance (FID = predator–prey distance when escape begins) increases as starting distance (predator–prey distance when approach begins) increases. The flush early and avoid the rush (FEAR) hypothesis proposes that this relationship exists because monitoring an approach is costly. Hypothesized causes are increase in assessed risk and decrease in obtainable benefits while monitoring as starting distance increases. We propose the delay risking emergence and avoid dying (DREAD) hypothesis: hiding time in refuge increases as starting distance increases because prey use risk assess

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

PENG, J., and J. O. DABIRI. "Transport of inertial particles by Lagrangian coherent structures: application to predator–prey interaction in jellyfish feeding." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 623 (March 6, 2009): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112008005089.

Full text

Abstract:

We use a dynamical systems approach to identify coherent structures from often chaotic motions of inertial particles in open flows. We show that particle Lagrangian coherent structures (pLCS) act as boundaries between regions in which particles have different kinematics. They provide direct geometric information about the motion of ensembles of inertial particles, which is helpful to understand their transport. As an application, we apply the methodology to a planktonic predator–prey system in which moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita uses its body motion to generate a flow that transports small pla

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Afolabi, Abdulkareem Ibrahim, and Normah Maan. "A Dual-Aggressive Model of Tumor-Immune System Interactions." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 15, no. 10 (2019): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v15i10.10877.

Full text

Abstract:

<p class="0abstract">Biomedical literature suggested that the tumor-immune system physical phenomenon usually climaxes into either tumor elimination or escape. In retort to the phenomenological mechanics of tumor-immune system interaction, researchers had used Mathematical models mostly prey-predator and competitive extensively, to model the dynamics of tumor immune system interaction. However, these models had not accounted for total elimination and, or escape of tumor as hypothesizes by immunoediting hypotheses. In this work, we propose a dual aggressive model based on the biological n

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Dulk, Paul den, Bram T. Heerebout, and R. Hans Phaf. "A Computational Study into the Evolution of Dual-Route Dynamics for Affective Processing." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 15, no. 2 (2003): 194–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892903321208132.

Full text

Abstract:

The evolutionary justification by LeDoux (1996) for his dual-route model of fear processing was analyzed computationally by applying genetic algorithms to artificial neural networks. The evolution was simulated of a neural network controlling an agent that gathered food in an artificial world and that was occasionally menaced by a predator. Connections could not change in the agent's “lifetime,” so there was no learning in the simulations. Only if the smells of food and predator were hard to distinguish and the fitness reflected time pressures in escaping from the predator did the type of dual

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Mountcastle, Andrew M., Teressa M. Alexander, Callin M. Switzer, and Stacey A. Combes. "Wing wear reduces bumblebee flight performance in a dynamic obstacle course." Biology Letters 12, no. 6 (2016): 20160294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0294.

Full text

Abstract:

Previous work has shown that wing wear increases mortality in bumblebees. Although a proximate mechanism for this phenomenon has remained elusive, a leading hypothesis is that wing wear increases predation risk by reducing flight manoeuvrability. We tested the effects of simulated wing wear on flight manoeuvrability in Bombus impatiens bumblebees using a dynamic obstacle course designed to push bees towards their performance limits. We found that removing 22% wing area from the tips of both forewings (symmetric wear) caused a 9% reduction in peak acceleration during manoeuvring flight, while p

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Wilson, John W., Michael G. L. Mills, Rory P. Wilson, et al. "Cheetahs, Acinonyx jubatus , balance turn capacity with pace when chasing prey." Biology Letters 9, no. 5 (2013): 20130620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0620.

Full text

Abstract:

Predator–prey interactions are fundamental in the evolution and structure of ecological communities. Our understanding, however, of the strategies used in pursuit and evasion remains limited. Here, we report on the hunting dynamics of the world's fastest land animal, the cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus . Using miniaturized data loggers, we recorded fine-scale movement, speed and acceleration of free-ranging cheetahs to measure how hunting dynamics relate to chasing different sized prey. Cheetahs attained hunting speeds of up to 18.94 m s −1 and accelerated up to 7.5 m s −2 with greatest angular velo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

van Zwieten, Paul A. M., Jeppe Kolding, Michael J. Plank, et al. "The Nile perch invasion in Lake Victoria: cause or consequence of the haplochromine decline?" Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 73, no. 4 (2016): 622–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0130.

Full text

Abstract:

We review alternative hypotheses and associated mechanisms to explain Lake Victoria’s Nile perch (Lates niloticus) takeover and concurrent reduction in haplochromines through a (re)analysis of long-term climate, limnological, and stock observations in comparison with size-spectrum model predictions of co-existence, extinction, and demographic change. The empirical observations are in agreement with the outcomes of the model containing two interacting species with life histories matching Nile perch and a generalized haplochromine. The dynamic interactions may have depended on size-related diffe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Théry, Marc, and Jérôme Casas. "The multiple disguises of spiders: web colour and decorations, body colour and movement." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1516 (2008): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0212.

Full text

Abstract:

Diverse functions have been assigned to the visual appearance of webs, spiders and web decorations, including prey attraction, predator deterrence and camouflage. Here, we review the pertinent literature, focusing on potential camouflage and mimicry. Webs are often difficult to detect in a heterogeneous visual environment. Static and dynamic web distortions are used to escape visual detection by prey, although particular silk may also attract prey. Recent work using physiological models of vision taking into account visual environments rarely supports the hypothesis of spider camouflage by dec

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Schwaner, M. Janneke, Grace A. Freymiller, Rulon W. Clark, and Craig P. McGowan. "How to Stick the Landing: Kangaroo Rats Use Their Tails to Reorient during Evasive Jumps Away from Predators." Integrative and Comparative Biology 61, no. 2 (2021): 442–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab043.

Full text

Abstract:

Synopsis Tails are widespread in the animal world and play important roles in locomotor tasks, such as propulsion, maneuvering, stability, and manipulation of objects. Kangaroo rats, bipedal hopping rodents, use their tail for balancing during hopping, but the role of their tail during the vertical evasive escape jumps they perform when attacked by predators is yet to be determined. Because we observed kangaroo rats swinging their tails around their bodies while airborne following escape jumps, we hypothesized that kangaroo rats use their tails to not only stabilize their bodies while airborne

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Firestone, C. Z., and W. H. Warren. "Why does the rabbit escape the fox on a zig-zag path? Predator-prey dynamics and the constant bearing strategy." Journal of Vision 10, no. 7 (2010): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/10.7.1049.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Liu, Baisen, Liangliang Wang, and Jiguo Cao. "Bayesian estimation of ordinary differential equation models when the likelihood has multiple local modes." Monte Carlo Methods and Applications 24, no. 2 (2018): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mcma-2018-0010.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are popularly used to model complex dynamic systems by scientists; however, the parameters in ODE models are often unknown and have to be inferred from noisy measurements of the dynamic system. One conventional method is to maximize the likelihood function, but the likelihood function often has many local modes due to the complexity of ODEs, which makes the optimizing algorithm be vulnerable to trap in local modes. In this paper, we solve the global optimization issue of ODE parameters with the help of the Stochastic Approximation Monte Carlo (SA

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Casas, Jérôme, and Thomas Steinmann. "Predator-induced flow disturbances alert prey, from the onset of an attack." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1790 (2014): 20141083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1083.

Full text

Abstract:

Many prey species, from soil arthropods to fish, perceive the approach of predators, allowing them to escape just in time. Thus, prey capture is as important to predators as prey finding. We extend an existing framework for understanding the conjoint trajectories of predator and prey after encounters, by estimating the ratio of predator attack and prey danger perception distances, and apply it to wolf spiders attacking wood crickets. Disturbances to air flow upstream from running spiders, which are sensed by crickets, were assessed by computational fluid dynamics with the finite-elements metho

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Jakobsen, Lasse, Mads Nedergaard Olsen, and Annemarie Surlykke. "Dynamics of the echolocation beam during prey pursuit in aerial hawking bats." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 26 (2015): 8118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1419943112.

Full text

Abstract:

In the evolutionary arms race between prey and predator, measures and countermeasures continuously evolve to increase survival on both sides. Bats and moths are prime examples. When exposed to intense ultrasound, eared moths perform dramatic escape behaviors. Vespertilionid and rhinolophid bats broaden their echolocation beam in the final stage of pursuit, presumably as a countermeasure to keep evading moths within their “acoustic field of view.” In this study, we investigated if dynamic beam broadening is a general property of echolocation when catching moving prey. We recorded three species

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Mansano, AS, KF Hisatugo, MA Leite, AP Luzia, and MH Regali-Seleghim. "Seasonal variation of the protozooplanktonic community in a tropical oligotrophic environment (Ilha Solteira reservoir, Brazil)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 73, no. 2 (2013): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842013000200012.

Full text

Abstract:

The seasonal variation of the protozooplanktonic community (ciliates and testate amoebae) was studied in a tropical oligotrophic reservoir in Brazil, which was under the influence of two contrasting climatic seasons (rainy/warm and dry/cold). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of these climatic changes on physical, chemical and biological variables in the dynamic of this community. The highest mean density of total protozoans occurred in the rainy/warm season (5683.2 ind L−1), while the lowest was in the dry/cold (2016.0 ind L−1). Considering the seasonal variations, the protozoa

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Pertzelan, Assaf, Gil Ariel, and Moshe Kiflawi. "Schooling of light reflecting fish." PLOS ONE 18, no. 7 (2023): e0289026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289026.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the hallmarks of the collective movement of large schools of pelagic fish are waves of shimmering flashes that propagate across the school, usually following an attack by a predator. Such flashes arise when sunlight is reflected off the specular (mirror-like) skin that characterizes many pelagic fishes, where it is otherwise thought to offer a means for camouflage in open waters. While it has been suggested that these ‘shimmering waves’ are a visual manifestation of the synchronized escape response of the fish, the phenomenon has been regarded only as an artifact of esthetic curiosity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Ferreira, Mariana Silva, Maja Kajin, Rui Cerqueira, and Marcus Vinícius Vieira. "Marsupial population dynamics in a tropical rainforest: intraspecific competition and nonlinear effect of rainfall." Journal of Mammalogy 97, no. 1 (2015): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv161.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Population fluctuations are the result of the combined action of endogenous (feedback structure) and exogenous factors (large- and local-scale climate variables). In this paper, we used a 13-year time series to identify the feedback structure in a population of the brown 4-eyed opossum Metachirus nudicaudatus and to test a hypothesis on the effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation and rainfall using Royama’s theoretical framework. Metachirus nudicaudatus was regulated by a strong 1st-order negative feedback, with intraspecific competition for food resources as the probable factor gover

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Bockhorst, Tobias, and Uwe Homberg. "Interaction of compass sensing and object-motion detection in the locust central complex." Journal of Neurophysiology 118, no. 1 (2017): 496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00927.2016.

Full text

Abstract:

Goal-directed behavior is often complicated by unpredictable events, such as the appearance of a predator during directed locomotion. This situation requires adaptive responses like evasive maneuvers followed by subsequent reorientation and course correction. Here we study the possible neural underpinnings of such a situation in an insect, the desert locust. As in other insects, its sense of spatial orientation strongly relies on the central complex, a group of midline brain neuropils. The central complex houses sky compass cells that signal the polarization plane of skylight and thus indicate

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Lu, Hong-Liang, Xiang Ji, and Wei-Guo Du. "Tail loss reduces locomotor ability but not metabolic rate in a viviparous skink, Sphenomorphus indicus." Animal Biology 63, no. 3 (2013): 369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-00002419.

Full text

Abstract:

Tail autotomy is an efficient predator escape form, but imposes locomotor costs in many lizard species. It has been hypothesized that locomotor impairment following tail autotomy results from the altered running dynamics or loss of energy available for locomotion, but there is a paucity of data available to demonstrate such effects. We evaluated the locomotor costs of tail loss in a viviparous skink, Sphenomorphus indicus, and examined whether locomotor costs were related to changes in gait characteristics and metabolic rate. Of 24 field-captured adult males with original intact tails, 12 indi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

de la Cruz Barron, Magali, Ellen van Velzen, Uli Klümper, Markus Weitere, Thomas U. Berendonk, and David Kneis. "Shifts from cooperative to individual-based predation defense determine microbial predator-prey dynamics." ISME Journal, February 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-023-01381-5.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractPredation defense is an important feature of predator-prey interactions adding complexity to ecosystem dynamics. Prey organisms have developed various strategies to escape predation which differ in mode (elude vs. attack), reversibility (inducible vs. permanent), and scope (individual vs. cooperative defenses). While the mechanisms and controls of many singular defenses are well understood, important ecological and evolutionary facets impacting long-term predator-prey dynamics remain underexplored. This pertains especially to trade-offs and interactions between alternative defenses occ

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Kaushik, Rajat, and Sandip Banerjee. "Predator–Prey System: Bachelor Herding of the Prey Imposes Ecological Constraints on Predation." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 31, no. 14 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127421502114.

Full text

Abstract:

Bachelor herd behavior is very common among juvenile animals who have not become sexually matured but have left their parent groups. The complex grouping or schooling behavior provides vulnerable juveniles refuge from predation and opportunities for foraging, especially when their parents are not within the area to protect them. In spite of this, juvenile/immature prey may easily become victims because of their greenness while on the other hand, adult prey may be invulnerable to attack due to their tricky manoeuvring abilities to escape from the predators. In this study, we propose a stage-str

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Bogdziewicz, Michał, Dries Kuijper, Rafał Zwolak, et al. "Emerging infectious disease triggered a trophic cascade and enhanced recruitment of a masting tree." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 289, no. 1970 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2636.

Full text

Abstract:

There are several mechanisms that allow plants to temporarily escape from top-down control. One of them is trophic cascades triggered by top predators or pathogens. Another is satiation of consumers by mast seeding. These two mechanisms have traditionally been studied in separation. However, their combined action may have a greater effect on plant release than either process alone. In 2015, an outbreak of a disease (African swine fever, ASF) caused a crash in wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) abundance in Białowieża Primeval Forest. Wild boar are important consumers of acorns and are difficult to satia

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Hargreaves, Katherine R., Cesar O. Flores, Trevor D. Lawley, and Martha R. J. Clokie. "Abundant and Diverse Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat Spacers in Clostridium difficile Strains and Prophages Target Multiple Phage Types within This Pathogen." mBio 5, no. 5 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.01045-13.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile is an important human-pathogenic bacterium causing antibiotic-associated nosocomial infections worldwide. Mobile genetic elements and bacteriophages have helped shape C. difficile genome evolution. In many bacteria, phage infection may be controlled by a form of bacterial immunity called the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated (CRISPR/Cas) system. This uses acquired short nucleotide sequences (spacers) to target homologous sequences (protospacers) in phage genomes. C. difficile carries multiple CRISPR arrays, and in this pa

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Sheldon, Elizabeth L., Benjamin Feit, Anna Feit, and Mike Letnic. "Negative frequency dependent prey selection by two canid predators and its implications for the conservation of a threatened rodent in arid Australia." Biodiversity and Conservation, March 13, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02570-6.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractUnprecedented anthropogenic changes to biodiversity and biogeography demand a greater understanding of the consequences of altered faunal composition for ecosystem functioning. Selective predation has important, yet poorly understood effects on ecosystem stability, and can be strongly influenced by the relative frequencies of different prey types in the environment. Yet, how predators adjust their selection for prey according to their environmental frequency is often overlooked. Here, we assessed frequency dependent selection of prey by dingoes and foxes in the Australian desert, biann

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!