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Journal articles on the topic 'Predatory behavior'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Chakraborty, Deep Chandan. "Dynamics of Predator-prey Interactions in Sharp Tooth Catfish (Clarias gariepinus; Burchell, 1822) and Carp Fingerlings (Labeo bata; Hamilton, 1822) with Special Reference to the Development of Anti-Predatory Strategies." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 46, no. 1 (2025): 227–36. https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2025/v46i14757.

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This study explores the dynamics of predator-prey interactions and functional response of Clarias gariepinus (African Magur/Sharptooth Catfish - predator) and of Labeo bata (Carp fingerlings - prey). Author investigated the behavioral patterns of both species in isolation and during encounters, exploring the impacts of predator size, prey-predator ratio, encounter duration and placement of separators on anti-predatory strategies. Results indicated that prey behavior is influenced by predator presence, with crowding, hiding, and inspection emerging as key anti-predatory strategies. The developm

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Alves-Nunes, João Miguel, Adriano Fellone, Ivan Sazima, and Otávio Augusto Vuolo Marques. "Overcoming the phantoms of the past: Influence of predatory stimuli on the antipredator behavior of island pitvipers." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (2023): e0288826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288826.

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The reduction of predation is a potentially important factor for the evolution of the traits of an island animal species. By relaxed selection, insular animals tend to lose their antipredator behaviors. A monophyletic group of pitvipers (genus Bothrops) in southeastern Brazil, which have high genetic affinity and dwell on the mainland and adjacent islands, provide an appropriate setting to study the evolution of antipredator behavior and how different predatory stimuli can influence this behavior. The mainland Bothrops jararaca has several terrestrial and aerial predators, whereas B. insularis

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Henderson, Lindsay J., Mary R. Ryan, and Hannah M. Rowland. "Perch, Perca fluviatilis show a directional preference for, but do not increase attacks toward, prey in response to water-borne cortisol." PeerJ 5 (October 3, 2017): e3883. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3883.

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In freshwater environments, chemosensory cues play an important role in predator-prey interactions. Prey use a variety of chemosensory cues to detect and avoid predators. However, whether predators use the chemical cues released by disturbed or stressed prey has received less attention. Here we tested the hypothesis that the disturbance cue cortisol, in conjunction with visual cues of prey, elevates predatory behavior. We presented predators (perch, Perca fluviatilis) with three chemosensory choice tests and recorded their location, orientation, and aggressive behavior. We compared the respons

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El Balaa, Rayan, and Gabriel Blouin-Demers. "Does exposure to cues of fish predators fed different diets affect morphology and performance of Northern Leopard Frog (Lithobates pipiens) larvae?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 91, no. 4 (2013): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2012-0232.

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Phenotypic plasticity allows animals to change their morphological and life-history traits when exposed to predator cues, which modifies performance and can enhance survival but engender costs. Thus, the extent of plastic changes should vary in relation to the perceived risk of predation. We tested the hypothesis that plastic changes in morphology (and their effect on performance) and life history of developing Northern Leopard Frog (Lithobates pipiens (Schreber, 1782)) larvae vary when exposed to cues of fish predators fed different diets. During development, we exposed tadpoles to control cu

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Wagner, E. A., and P. A. Zani. "Escape behavior of Side-blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana) in response to model predators." Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, no. 12 (2017): 965–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0255.

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Few field studies have tested for geographic variation in escape behavior and even fewer have examined responses of prey to multiple predators despite most prey occurring in multipredator environments. We performed 458 escape trials on Side-blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard, 1852) from 10 populations that differed in predator abundances. We quantified escape behavior of Side-blotched Lizards when approached with one of two model predators: a lizard (Great Basin Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus bicinctores N.M. Smith and Tanner, 1972)) or a snake (Western Yellow-bellied Racer (Col

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Mayrhofer, Nicola, Gregory J. Velicer, Kaitlin A. Schaal, and Marie Vasse. "Behavioral Interactions between Bacterivorous Nematodes and Predatory Bacteria in a Synthetic Community." Microorganisms 9, no. 7 (2021): 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071362.

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Theory and empirical studies in metazoans predict that apex predators should shape the behavior and ecology of mesopredators and prey at lower trophic levels. Despite the ecological importance of microbial communities, few studies of predatory microbes examine such behavioral res-ponses and the multiplicity of trophic interactions. Here, we sought to assemble a three-level microbial food chain and to test for behavioral interactions between the predatory nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the predatory social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus when cultured together with two basal prey bacteria tha

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Puu, Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga. "KERAGAMAN JENIS DAN PERILAKU PEMANGSA PREDATOR YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN HAMA KEPIK PENGISAP BUAH KAKAOHelopeltis spp. PADA TANAMAN KAKAO." AGRICA 10, no. 1 (2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37478/agr.v10i1.75.

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Helopeltis spp. is one of the pests that attack cocoa fruit and can lead to decreased quality and quantity of fruit. Efforts to control that can be done is the utilization of natural enemy one of them is a predator. The large predator populations in the cocoa ecosystem will decrease the pest population of Helopeltisspp. the aim of this study was to know the predator species of pests associated with Helopeltisspp pests and predatory behavior. This research was conducted in Ende Sub-district in 6 villages and Laboratory of Agricultural Faculty of Flores University from March to May 2017. The met

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8

CHATTOPADHYAY, DEVAPRIYA, RAFAŁ NAWROT, and MARTIN ZUSCHIN. "INFERRING THE SIGNATURE OF PAST INTRA-PREDATORY COMPETITION FROM DRILLING PREDATION PATTERNS: INSIGHTS FROM RED SEA AND ADRIATIC SEA DEATH ASSEMBLAGES." Palaios 39, no. 8 (2024): 264–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2023.013.

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Abstract The fossil record of drill holes on molluscan shells left by carnivorous predators has often been used to test the evolutionary impact of ecological interactions. Ecological experiments document a significant change in the predatory behavior of drillers due to competition and predict a substantial influence of such interaction on predator-prey dynamics. However, it is not always reliable to extrapolate results from experiments to the fossil record. The well-studied bivalve death assemblages from the Bay of Safaga (northern Red Sea) and the Bay of Panzano in the Gulf of Trieste (northe

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9

Wood, Tyler C., and Paul A. Moore. "Big and bad: how relative predator size and dietary information influence rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) behavior and resource-use decisions." Canadian Journal of Zoology 98, no. 1 (2020): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2019-0089.

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Prey animals use the information that they extract from predator cues to assess risk. Animals can obtain information about the relative size of predators and their dietary constituents from odor cues that predators deposit in the environment. However, it is currently unknown how prey animals respond when presented with two or more pieces of information about a predator. Rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852)) were exposed to odors from predatory largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802)) that were fed four different diets and also varied in size relative to the crayfish

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L.A., Escudero-Colomar, Creus E., Chorąży A., and Walzer A. "Intraguild aggressiveness between an alien and a native predatory mite." Systematic and Applied Acarology 24, no. 11 (2019): 2094–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.24.11.5.

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The predatory mite Amblydromalus limonicus, non-native in Europe, can be used legally in several European countries as greenhouse biocontrol agent against thrips species, although this species is also able to feed on whiteflies and gall mites. The first record of the unintended occurrence of A. limonicus in apple orchards in Europe comes from Catalonia (Spain), where A. limonicus is well established in the native predatory mite community since 2011. The dominant species in this community is Amblyseius andersoni, which has a similar life-style as A. limonicus (large, aggressive predator with br

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Mogali, Santosh M., Bhagyashri A. Shanbhag, and Srinivas K. Saidapur. "Behavioral responses of laboratory-reared and wild-caught Polypedates maculatus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) tadpoles to dietary cues from the carnivorous tadpoles of Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Anura: Dicroglossidae)." Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology 22, no. 1 (2023): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v22i1p3-10.

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    The behavioral responses of laboratory-reared and wild-caught tadpoles of Polypedates maculatus to predatory tadpoles of Hoplobatrachus tigerinus were studied in the laboratory. The predator’s diet-derived metabolites released in excreta of predator after consumption of P. maculatus tadpoles were used to simulate predation threat. Both laboratory-reared and wild-caught tadpoles of P. maculatus showed antipredator behavioral responses i.e., reduced swimming movements and overall time spent in swimming and had a higher burst speed in response to water borne dietary cu

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12

Auster, Peter J., Jeff Godfrey, Anya Watson, Amy Paquette, and Greg McFall. "Behavior of prey links midwater and demersal piscivorous reef fishes." Neotropical Ichthyology 7, no. 1 (2009): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252009000100014.

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Pelagic and demersal guilds of piscivorous fishes are linked by a variety of biological and physical processes that mediate interactions with common prey species. Understanding the behaviors of predators and prey can provide insight into the conditions that make such linkages possible. Here we report on the behaviors of mid-water piscivorous fishes and the responses of prey that produce feeding opportunities for demersal piscivorous fishes associated with "live bottom" ledge habitats off the coast of Georgia (northwest Atlantic Ocean). Prey taxa reduced nearest neighbor distances and retreated

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13

Dell'Aglio, Denise Dalbosco, Tiago Shizen Pacheco Toma, Adriane Esquivel Muelbert, Anne Gomes Sacco, and Alexandro Marques Tozetti. "Head triangulation as anti-predatory mechanism in snakes." Biota Neotropica 12, no. 3 (2012): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032012000300031.

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Anti-predator mechanisms in snakes are diverse and complex, including mimetic behavior. Some snakes triangulate their head, probably mimicking other more dangerous snakes. However, there is a lack of studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of this behavior with natural predators. The aim of this study was to verify, using artificial snakes, if snakes with triangular heads are less susceptible to attack by predators, and if predatory attack is targeted to the head of serpents. Artificial snakes were systematically arranged on a road border. The rate of attacked models was 48.71%. Number of a

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14

Mondal, Sudeshna, Alakes Maiti, and G. P. Samanta. "Effects of Fear and Additional Food in a Delayed Predator–Prey Model." Biophysical Reviews and Letters 13, no. 04 (2018): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048018500091.

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A field observation on a terrestrial vertebrate has shown that the fear of predators can affect the behavior of prey populations and it can greatly reduce their reproduction. On the other hand, it has been observed that providing additional food to the predator decreases the predatory attack rate and increases the growth rate of the predator. In this paper, we have investigated the dynamical behavior of a predator–prey model incorporating both the effects of fear and additional food. Positivity, uniform boundedness and extinction criteria of the system are studied. Equilibrium points and their

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15

Gu, Xin-yao, Guang-yun Li, and Zhi-qiang Zhang. "Indirect effects in predator-prey interaction: development and predation rates by immature Neoseiulus cucumeris increased by odour from its prey (Tyrophagus putrescentiae) ." Systematic and Applied Acarology 25, no. 7 (2020): 1247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.25.7.7.

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Predator-prey interactions have long been of great interest to ecologists. Although the direct consumptive effects have received extensive research, indirect influences of odour derived from their conspecifics and prey on predators have largely been underestimated and overlooked. In this study, the indirect effects of predator-prey interactions were determined with predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris and its factitious prey Tyrophagus putrescentiae. The responses of immature N. cucumeris to mixed odour with their conspecifics and prey were determined in a laboratory experiment. Our results sh

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Daniell, Tara L., Mark N. Hutchinson, Phil Ainsley, and Michael G. Gardner. "Recognition of reptile predator scent is innate in an endangered lizard species." Australian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 2 (2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo20064.

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Chemical cues can alert prey to the presence of predators before the predator is within visual proximity. Recognition of a predator’s scent is therefore an important component of predator awareness. We presented predator and control scents to wild, wild-born captive, and predator-naive captive-born pygmy bluetongue lizards to determine (1) whether lizards respond to reptile chemical cues differently from controls, (2) whether captive lizards respond more strongly to a known predator than to other predatory reptiles, (3) whether captive-born lizards recognise predators innately, whether captive

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17

Weightman, Janice O., and David J. Arsenault. "Predator classification by the sea pen Ptilosarcus gurneyi (Cnidaria): role of waterborne chemical cues and physical contact with predatory sea stars." Canadian Journal of Zoology 80, no. 1 (2002): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-211.

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Using laboratory and field experiments we examined the defensive behaviour of the sea pen Ptilosarcus gurneyi (Gray) towards three species of sea stars representing three levels of predatory threat. In the laboratory we first quantified the behaviour of P. gurneyi following physical contact with the sea stars Dermasterias imbricata (specialist predator), Pycnopodia helianthoides (generalist predator), and Pisaster ochraceus (nonpredator). Whereas the majority (73%) of the sea pens rapidly burrowed into the sediment following contact with D. imbricata, their response to P. helianthoides was hig

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18

Hagadorn, James W., and George E. Boyajian. "Changes in predatory behavior & efficiency: gastropod drilling patterns in Miocene-Pliocene Turritella (Gastropoda)." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200006778.

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The escalation of predator-prey interactions over the Phanerozoic is described as an “arms race” among the Gastropoda. Examples of escalation have been extensively documented on the scale of hundreds of millions of years, however, these patterns are not well documented on shorter time scales. Effective escalation of prey defenses should cause a drop in predatory efficiency. We study the efficiency of Naticid and Muricid predation upon Turritelline gastropods from the Miocene to the Pliocene. These predators leave a well preserved trace of predation in the form of a borehole in the shell of the

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Mirza, Reehan S., and Douglas P. Chivers. "Predator diet cues and the assessment of predation risk by juvenile brook charr: do diet cues enhance survival?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, no. 1 (2003): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z02-225.

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Recent studies have shown that predator diet cues provide important information that prey animals can use to assess predation risk. Predator-naïve prey animals may even learn to recognize unknown predators when they detect conspecific cues in the predator's diet. We examined the importance of predator diet cues in the responses of juvenile brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) to chemical cues of predators. In our first experiment, we showed that charr respond to chemical cues of adult yellow perch (Perca flavescens) that were fed a diet of either brook charr or rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykis

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Peckarsky, Barbara L. "Habitat Selection by Stream-Dwelling Predatory Stoneflies." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, no. 6 (1991): 1069–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f91-126.

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Patterns of substrate size preference of predatory stoneflies were measured in a western Colorado, USA, stream and associations were examined between substrates and other physical and biological variables. Predatory Megarcys signata (Perlodidae) were found disproportionately on large stones that were not displaced during spring runoff. Predator densities were not consistently correlated with any other physical or biological variables measured. Prey densities were neither correlated with other physical variables nor with their own resource levels, with the exception that shredders were positive

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Tsurim, Ido, and Alon Silberbush. "Detrivory, competition, and apparent predation by Culiseta longiareolata in a temporary pool ecosystem." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 62, no. 3-4 (2016): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2015.1065153.

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Larvae of the mosquito Culiseta longiareolata Macquart have been suggested as important species in desert and Mediterranean temporary pond ecosystems through their strong competitive abilities and as intra-guild predators. We examined their potential predatory effect on larvae of the abundant saltmarsh mosquito Ochlerotatus caspius. We did not find evidence for predatory effects of C. longiareolata on O. caspius larvae. We suggest that, at least in our system, C. longiareolata is an apparent predator. Namely, it does not actively prey on mobile victims, but rather feeds on the carcasses of its

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Bartos, Maciej. "The influence of camouflage and prey type on predatory decisions of jumping spider." Folia Biologica et Oecologica 9 (December 31, 2013): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fobio-2013-0002.

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Decisions made by predators during predatory encounters are often based on multiple factors that may influence the outcome of the encounters. For stalking predators their visibility to the prey and the ability of their prey to escape may be important factors influencing predatory success. Hence they are likely to adapt their predatory behavior when approaching prey on backgrounds with different camouflaging properties, but only if the prey is able to escape. To test whether jumping spiders flexibly adapt their predatory behavior to camouflaging properties of the background and prey type, the b

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Glaudas, Xavier, and Christopher T. Winne. "Do warning displays predict striking behavior in a viperid snake, the cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus)?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 85, no. 4 (2007): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z07-025.

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Warning displays are defined as signals designed to intimidate predators or indicate a proclivity to fight. However, support for the idea that warning behaviors signal an intent to fight is largely based on anecdotes and isolated observations, and a complete understanding of antipredator behavior will only be achieved if specific hypotheses are experimentally tested. Herein, we tested in a North American viperid snake, the cottonmouth ( Agkistrodon piscivorus (Lacépède, 1789)), the hypothesis that warning displays serve as a reliable signal to potential predators that a snake will strike. The

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Wasserman, R. J., T. J. F. Vink, R. Kramer, and P. W. Froneman. "Hyperbenthic and pelagic predators regulate alternate key planktonic copepods in shallow temperate estuaries." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 9 (2014): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf13233.

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Although predation has been identified as an important community driver, the role of predator diversity in structuring estuarine zooplankton has not been assessed. As such, we investigated the effects of two different zooplanktivorous fish species on the estuarine zooplankton community during a 12-day mesocosm study. Three experimental treatments were established, whereby natural zooplankton communities were subject to either (1) no predatory pressure, (2) predation by a pelagic predator (Monodactylus falciformis) or (3) predation by a hyper-benthic predator (Glossogobius callidus). The pelagi

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Molina Martínez, Yair Guillermo. "PREDATION OF PALE-BREASTED THRUSH EGGS BY THE ARIEL TOUCAN IN BRAZIL: FAILURE OF THE ANTI-PREDATORY STRATEGY." Acta Biológica Colombiana 26, no. 2 (2021): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/abc.v26n2.86700.

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The Channel-billed Toucan (Ramphastos vitellinus ariel) is an omnivorous bird that eventually is nest-robbers. Several birdsongs display anti-predatory strategies such as attacks and mobbing calls to face this kind of predators. This note reports a predatory event of one Channel-billed Toucan upon eggs of Pale-breasted Thrush (Turdus leucomelas), and describe the anti-predatory behavior, principally alert and mobbing calls of the thrush. Even though the Pale-breasted Thrush displayed the anti-predatory behaviors to harass the toucan, the egg predation was not avoided. Although the predation up

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Su, Yaozong, Bo Zhang, and Xuenong Xu. "Chemosensory systems in predatory mites: from ecology to genome." Systematic and Applied Acarology 26, no. 5 (2021): 852–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.26.5.3.

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The reception of chemical cues in the environment is essential for the survival of almost all organisms, including phytoseiid mites. Compared with the progress made in the field of insect olfaction, the understanding of how predatory mites perceive chemical compounds and react to their surroundings is merely fragmentarily documented in past decades. In this review, we provide a guide in the field from chemoecology of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) as early as 1980s to the advances made in comparative genomics of predatory mites in 2019. We present from three aspects, i.e., chemosens

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Tull, Debra S., and Katrin Böhning-Gaese. "Patterns of drilling predation on gastropods of the family Turritellidae in the Gulf of California." Paleobiology 19, no. 4 (1993): 476–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300014093.

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Predatory marine snails and their prey provide a unique look at many aspects of predation events, allowing behavioral inference and studies of coevolution. This study examines differential predation patterns, rates, and success of two co-occurring gastropod predator families which drill two co-occurring species of Turritella (Turritellidae: Gastropoda) in the Gulf of California. Both naticid and muricid predators, identified by the shapes of their respective boreholes, attacked the thinner-shelled Turritella leucostoma more frequently than the thicker-shelled Turritella gonostoma. Both species

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Mislan, K. A. S., and Russ C. Babcock. "Survival and behaviour of juvenile red rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, on rocky reefs with varying predation pressure and habitat complexity." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 3 (2008): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07116.

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The role of large predatory fish in coastal communities is generally unknown because of overfishing. In order to understand the direct and indirect impacts of these increased population sizes on coastal food chains, the effect of areas with more fish predators on the survival and behaviour of potential prey was assessed. Juvenile lobsters, Jasus edwardsii (10–20 mm carapace length), were tethered on rocky reefs inside and outside marine reserves in northeastern New Zealand to assess survival under differing predator densities. Since rocky reef habitats in northeastern New Zealand include zones

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Kroth, Nádia, Gilberto Dinis Cozzer, Sonia Lemes da Silva, Renan de Souza Rezende, Jacir Dal Magro, and Daniel Albeny-Simões. "Female oviposition preferences and larval behavior of the Aedes aegypti mosquito (Linnaeus, 1762) exposed to predator cues (Odonata: Libellulidae)." Limnetica 44, no. 1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23818/limn.44.06.

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The reproductive success of mosquitoes is heavily influenced by females' ability to select suitable oviposition sites for the proper development of their offspring. Many of these potential habitats may harbor predators, and the detection of these predators is crucial for assessing the risk of predation, which can, in turn, influence the behavior of the prey. However, there are often trade-offs to consider, which can impact the life history of these organisms. In our study, we investigated the oviposition preferences and larval behavioral responses of the Aedes aegypti mosquito when exposed to

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Cooper, Robert, and Stephen Mullin. "The foraging ecology of the gray rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta spiloides). II. Influence of habitat structural complexity when searching for arboreal avian prey." Amphibia-Reptilia 21, no. 2 (2000): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853800507381.

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AbstractA predator's behavior and success when foraging can be compromised by a variety of environmental factors. We examined the effect of variation in habitat structural complexity on the predatory success of the semiarboreal gray rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta spiloides) foraging for arboreal bird nest contents. Individual snakes searched for nests in enclosures containing one of five levels of vegetation density that reflected the range of structural complexity measured at a field site where predator and prey species are common. Subjects were most proficient at locating prey in enclosures havi

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Gallagher, Austin J., Michael J. Lawrence, Sofia M. R. Jain-Schlaepfer, Alexander D. M. Wilson, and Steven J. Cooke. "Avian predators transmit fear along the air–water interface influencing prey and their parental care." Canadian Journal of Zoology 94, no. 12 (2016): 863–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0164.

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The nonconsumptive consequences of predators on prey behavior, survival, and demography have recently garnered significant attention by ecologists. However, the impacts of top predators on free-ranging prey are challenging to evaluate because the most common fright response for prey is to leave the area of risk. Additionally, the top-down impacts of avian predators on aquatic environments are surprisingly overlooked. Here we investigated the nonconsumptive effects of avian predators on parental care in pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758)) through use of a realistic model of a predatory bi

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Folt, Brian, and Craig Guyer. "Habitat-dependent effects of predatory spiders on prey frogs in a Neotropical wet forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 37, no. 5 (2021): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467421000274.

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AbstractIn seasonal wet Neotropical forests, many studies have suggested that species-rich terrestrial frog assemblages are regulated bottom-up by the abundance of leaf litter. However, terrestrial frogs are prey to a diverse community of predators, and no studies have tested for top-down effects of predators on this or other anuran assemblages. Here, we used an extensive field dataset to model the relative contribution of food resources, microhabitat resources and predators towards the occupancy and detection of two frog species (Craugastor bransfordii and Oophaga pumilio) at La Selva, Costa

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Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, and John P. Sanderson. "Hunger and age effects on searching behavior of three species of predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 10 (1993): 1997–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-284.

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The effects of hunger level and adult age on searching behavior by the predatory mites, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, Typhlodromus (= Metaseiulus) occidentalis Nesbitt, and Amblyseius andersoni (Chant), in patches of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, were studied in the laboratory by continuous observation. Foraging responses such as patch giving-up time, patch time, and searching efficiency by female predators were affected strongly by hunger level and weakly by age; in some responses, the effects of hunger level changed with age. Effects of hunger level and age

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Bilgrami, Anwar L., and Randy Gaugler. "Feeding behaviour of the predatory nematodes Laimydorus baldus and Discolaimus major (Nematoda: Dorylaimida)." Nematology 7, no. 1 (2005): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568541054192207.

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Abstract Feeding activities of the predatory nematodes Laimydorus baldus and Discolaimus major were studied under laboratory conditions in relation to temperature (5–40°C), prey density (25–250 individuals), predator starvation (0–12 days) and prey incubation (4–24 h) using the rice root nematode, Hirschmanniella oryzae, as prey. Prey search duration, rate of predation, and the number and duration of predators feeding and aggregating at feeding sites were studied. Discolaimus major killed more prey, and fed and aggregated longer than L. baldus. Predator activities at the feeding site were opti

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MARTINELLI, J. C., C. S. RUZ, A. PÉREZ-MATUS, and M. M. RIVADENEIRA. "INTEGRATING EXPERIMENTS WITH SUBTIDAL DEATH ASSEMBLAGES TO UNVEIL THE PREDATORY HABITS OF MURICID GASTROPODS FROM THE SOUTHEASTERN PACIFIC." PALAIOS 37, no. 10 (2022): 574–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2021.061.

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Abstract As quantitative tools, drill holes have been used to calculate predation frequencies in time and space. These traces can also inform predator preference and some strategies predators use to drill on prey (e.g., edge drilling, site stereotypy, or alternative modes of predation when there is no drill hole). In this study, our goal was to leverage the informative power of drill holes to characterize the predatory habits of muricid gastropods from the central coast of Chile. We integrated information from experiments and death assemblages (DAs) to unveil the predatory strategy of Ancathin

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Sato, Nozomu. "Prey-tracking behavior and prey preferences in a tree-climbing firefly." PeerJ 7 (December 16, 2019): e8080. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8080.

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Prey-tracking behavior is common in snail-killing predators, but in the family Lampyridae, this behavior has been validated in only a single species even though this Coleopteran family includes many specialist snail predators. The endemic firefly Pyrocoelia atripennis is a major snail-killing predator in the Yaeyama Islands of Japan, and the larvae often climb on the trees and grasses at night. This tree-climbing behavior is relevant to larval food choices and anti-predatory defenses of land snails. This study examined whether lampyrid larvae can track snail mucus trails and examined larval pr

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Demšar, Jure, and Iztok Lebar Bajec. "Simulated Predator Attacks on Flocks: A Comparison of Tactics." Artificial Life 20, no. 3 (2014): 343–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00135.

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It is not exactly known why birds aggregate in coordinated flocks. The most common hypothesis proposes that the reason is protection from predators. Most of the currently developed examples of individual-based predator-prey models assume predators are attracted to the center of a highly coordinated flock. This proposed attraction of a predator to a flock would appear to be contradictory to an alternate hypothesis that flocks evolved as a protection against predation. In an attempt to resolve this apparent conflict, in this article we use a fuzzy individual-based model to study three attack tac

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Vermeij, Geerat J. "Evolution in the Consumer Age: Predators and the History of Life." Paleontological Society Papers 8 (October 2002): 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600001169.

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Three properties of predation make this form of consumption an important agency of evolution: universality (all species have predators), high frequency (encounters of prey with predators test both parties often), and imperfection (many predatory attacks fail, enabling antipredatory selection to take place). On long time scales, predators have two principal effects: they influence their victims' phenotypes, and prey species that are highly vulnerable to all phases of predatory attacks are evolutionarily restricted to environments where predators are rarely encountered. Although predator and pre

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CRUZ, PAULO VILELA, and NEUSA HAMADA. "A new species of Harpagobaetis Mol, with amended diagnosis of the genus, and new considerations on predatory species of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) from South America." Zootaxa 4551, no. 2 (2019): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4551.2.4.

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A remarkable new predatory species of Baetidae was collected in a relict patch of Amazonian savanna in Brazil. The feeding habit of the nymph of this new species is very rare in mayflies. Baetidae is composed of more than 900 species, but only 12 are considered to be predators; in South America, the only species recognized as a predator is Harpagobaetis gulosus Mol 1986. The objectives of this study are to describe Harpagobaetis brigada sp. nov., based on nymphs and to amend the diagnosis of the genus. The predatory habit of the nymphs of the new species was confirmed by gut-content analysis a

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Elmasri, Omar L., Marcus S. Moreno, Courtney A. Neumann, and Daniel T. Blumstein. "Response of brown anoles Anolis sagrei to multimodal signals from a native and novel predator." Current Zoology 58, no. 6 (2012): 791–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/58.6.791.

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Abstract Multiple studies have focused on the importance of single modalities (visual, auditory, olfactory) in eliciting anti-predator behavior, however multiple channels are often engaged simultaneously. While examining responses to multiple cues can potentially reveal more complex behavioral responses, little is known about how multimodal processing evolves. By contrasting response to familiar and novel predators, insights can be gained into the evolution of multimodal responses. We studied brown anoles’ (Anolis sagrei) response to acoustic and visual predatory cues of a common potential pre

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Beckmann, Christa, Peter A. Biro, and John R. Post. "Asymmetric impact of piscivorous birds on size-structured fish populations." Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, no. 11 (2006): 1584–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z06-151.

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Fish are frequently considered the top predator in freshwater food web models despite evidence that predatory birds can impact fish populations. In this study, we quantified bird predation rates on experimental populations of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)) created by stocking nine small lakes in British Columbia, Canada. Combining estimates of fish mortality with estimated bird predation rates allowed us to partition fish mortality into that due to birds versus cannibalism. Our results indicated that bird predators had significant impacts on age-1 trout populations, but l

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Ulate Gómez, Teresita N., Antonia E. Welch, and Winfried S. Peters. "Short communication: Problems of classifying predator-induced prey immobility – an unexpected case of post-contact freezing." Web Ecology 24, no. 1 (2024): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-24-35-2024.

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Abstract. Prey noticing predators may turn immobile to avert detection. Such “freezing” is generally thought to precede direct predator–prey contact and thus appears distinct from so-called “post-contact immobility”, or thanatosis. This distinction, however, may be inapplicable if predators lack long-distance senses or monitor their surroundings incompletely. The predatory sandy beach gastropod Agaronia propatula (Olividae) detects its prey, Pachyoliva semistriata of the same family, only when located within centimetres in front of the predator. Pachyoliva therefore reduces its risks by active

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Eisenberg, J. F. "Form and function: the phylogenesis of predatory behavior." Australian Mammalogy 8, no. 4 (1985): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am85019.

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The act of predation is defined here to include the behavior of insectivores. By examining the behavior of a set of morphologically conservative mammals, a common pattern of prey capture can be identified. Mammals with a conservative morphology and that are active predators may have similar bite efficiencies. Acts of predation in nature are only rarely documented and researchers are often constrained by dependence on indirect evidence and captive studies. Remarkable instances of convergence in the form and function of predators are discernible even when different phylogenetic lines are compare

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Zamora-Camacho, Francisco Javier. "Keep the ball rolling: sexual differences in conglobation behavior of a terrestrial isopod under different degrees of perceived predation pressure." PeerJ 11 (December 19, 2023): e16696. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16696.

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Background Antipredator behaviors are theoretically subjected to a balance by which their display should be minimized when their benefits do not outweigh their costs. Such costs may be not only energetic, but also entail a reduction in the time available for other fitness-enhancing behaviors. However, these behaviors are only beneficial under predation risk. Therefore, antipredator behaviors are predicted to be maximized under strong predation risk. Moreover, predation pressure can differ among individuals according to traits such as sex or body size, if these traits increase vulnerability. An

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Mogali, Santosh M., Bhagyashri A. Shanbhag, and Srinivas K. Saidapur. "Behavioral responses of tadpoles of Clinotarsus curtipes (Anura: Ranidae) to odor cues of dragonfly larvae." Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology 22, no. 1 (2023): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v22i1p11-20.

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    In aquatic environments, many prey animals, including anuran larvae, predominantly use chemical cues to assess predation risk. In such systems, a variety of chemical cues (e.g., kairomones, alarm, dietary) affect the behavioral responses of the prey tadpoles. Many anuran tadpoles are able to discriminate different chemical cues and exhibit differential antipredator behavioral responses according to the perceived risk. The behavioral responses of tadpoles of Clinotarsus curtipes to predatory larvae of the dragonfly Pantala flavescens were studied in the laboratory. T

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Ray, S. N. "PREY DEPRIVATIONS ON THE PREDATORY RATE OF CANTHECONA FURCELLATA WOLFF. (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) ON POPLAR DEFOLIATOR, CLOSTERA FULGURITA WALK." Journal of Biopesticides 01, no. 02 (2008): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.1.2.152-153.

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ABSTRACT Laboratory experiments were conducted to find out the impact of the prey, Clostera fulgurita Walk (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) deprivation period on the feeding behavior and predatory rate of Canthecona furcellata Wolff (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae). Results revealed that prey consuming time, and predatory rate were gradually increased in accordance with the prey deprivation period and this predator could be used for the biological control agent of C. fulgurita. However more studies are necessary to recommend this predator as a biological control agent.

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Forti, Luiz Carlos, Isabela Maria Piovesan Rinaldi, Roberto da Silva Camargo, and Ricardo Toshio Fujihara. "Predatory Behavior ofCanthon virens(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): A Predator of Leafcutter Ants." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/921465.

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We present a detailed description of the predatory behavior of the beetleCanthon virensMannerheim, 1829, on the leafcutter antAttasp. We observed 51 acts of predation, which were also recorded on film and subjected to behavioral analysis.Canthon virensexhibited 28 behaviors while predating uponAttasp. queens. Adult beetles search for queens while flying in a zigzag pattern, 15 to 20 cm above the ground. After catching a queen, the predator stands on its back and starts cutting the queen cervix. Once the prey is decapitated, the predator rolls it until an insurmountable obstacle is reached. The

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Lester, P. J., J. M. Yee, S. Yee, J. Haywood, H. MA Thistlewood, and R. Harmsen. "Does altering patch number and connectivity change the predatory functional response type? Experiments and simulations in an acarine predator–prey system." Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, no. 6 (2005): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-072.

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In multipatch landscapes, understanding the role of patch number and connectivity is key for the conservation of species under processes such as predation. The functional response is the most basic form of the predatorprey interaction. Two common response types exist: a decelerating curvilinear increase in prey consumption with prey density to a plateau (type II) and a sigmoidal-shaped curve (type III). Type II responses have been observed for a variety of predators, though only type III responses allow long-term persistence and are demographically stabilizing. We tested the hypothesis that t

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Mirza, Reehan S., and Douglas P. Chivers. "Predator-recognition training enhances survival of brook trout: evidence from laboratory and field-enclosure studies." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 12 (2000): 2198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-164.

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In this study we tested whether brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) can learn to recognise predators through releaser-induced recognition learning and whether this learning enhances survival of trout during encounters with a predator. In our initial experiment, we exposed hatchery-reared predator-naïve brook trout to chemical stimuli from predatory chain pickerel (Esox niger) paired with alarm signals released by damaged trout, disturbance signals, or distilled water. In subsequent tests 24 h later, when only pickerel odour was presented, trout conditioned with damage-released alarm signals ex

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Breed, Greg A., Cory J. D. Matthews, Marianne Marcoux, et al. "Sustained disruption of narwhal habitat use and behavior in the presence of Arctic killer whales." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 10 (2017): 2628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1611707114.

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Although predators influence behavior of prey, analyses of electronic tracking data in marine environments rarely consider how predators affect the behavior of tracked animals. We collected an unprecedented dataset by synchronously tracking predator (killer whales,N= 1; representing a family group) and prey (narwhal,N= 7) via satellite telemetry in Admiralty Inlet, a large fjord in the Eastern Canadian Arctic. Analyzing the movement data with a switching-state space model and a series of mixed effects models, we show that the presence of killer whales strongly alters the behavior and distribut

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