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Liu, Jing, and Ting Cai. "Development Adaptive Predicted Mean Vote (aPMV) Model for Naturally Ventilated Buildings in Zunyi, China." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 03029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913603029.
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Fanger’s predicted mean vote (PMV) model which is as a result of climate-chamber-based experiments is a good tool to evaluate indoor thermal comfort for air-conditioned buildings in global wide. However, PMV model has defect of predicting people’s real thermal sensation under non-air-conditioned conditions. It is reflected by the significant discrepancies between PMV values and Actual Mean Vote (AMV) values. The aim of this study is to develop an Adaptive Predicted Mean Vote (aPMV) Model on the basis of ‘black box’ theory considering occupants’ adaptations to improve prediction performance. A field study was carried out in naturally ventilated educational buildings in Zunyi, China. The developed aPMV model produces more reliable results and shows better prediction performance, comparing with values predicted by PMV model. It indicates that aPMV model is of great benefit to connect traditional PMV model and adaptive comfort model and consequently to provide guidance on building design, operation and maintenance, which contribute to achieve building energy conservation and emission reduction target.
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Lee, Boram, Jeonghoon Kim, KyooSang Kim, Hyejin Kim, and Kiyoung Lee. "Assessment of Thermal Comfort in a General Hospital in Winter Using Predicted Mean Vote (PMV)." Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences 41, no. 6 (December 28, 2015): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5668/jehs.2015.41.6.389.
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Susanti, Lusi, and Nike Aulia. "Evaluasi Kenyamanan Termal Ruang Sekolah SMA Negeri di Kota Padang." Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri 12, no. 1 (April 26, 2016): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/josi.v12.n1.p310-316.2013.
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This research aims to determine thermal conditions and sensation of thermal comfort in classrooms of high schools in Padang. This study was conducted in 11 State Senior High School (SMA) represented 11 districts in Padang. About 10% of total student body in each schools were participated in this study to vote thermal comfort questioners. To determine thermal comfort level in this study, PMV (Predicted mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of dissatisfied) method were used according to standard of thermal comfort in ASHRAE 55-2005 and ISO 7730. PMV method is used to determine scope of situation in the environment that scaled from +3 for very hot until -3 for very cold, and PPD is a method to calculate the number of human (in percentage) dissatisfied with the environment. Calculated PMV and PPD were compared with PMV and PPD resulted from individual vote from questionnaires. Result showed that in general, thermal conditions in classrooms had air temperature and radiant temperature from 27oC – 30oC, air humidity from 68% - 80%, and wind speed of 0 m/s. Calculated PMV from this condition were ranging from +1 slightly warm) until +2 (warm) while PPD calculated greater than 20%. Compared with calculated PMV and PPD values, the individual vote showed values from +0,5 (neutral) until +1 (slightly warm) while PPD values of individual vote greater than 20% except for SMA 2 and SMA 11 Padang. It is concluded that improvements of indoor thermal conditions have to make inside classrooms as well as landscape outside in order to improve thermal comfort level of students during learning and teaching.Keywords: Thermal Comfort, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote), PPD (Predicted Percentage ofDissatisfied), climatic factors, SMA
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Kajtar, Laszlo, Jozsef Nyers, Janos Szabo, Laszlo Ketskemety, Levente Herczeg, Anita Leitner, and Balazs Bokor. "Objective and subjective thermal comfort evaluation in Hungary." Thermal Science 21, no. 3 (2017): 1409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci151005095k.
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Thermal comfort sensation can be predicted in the most exact way based on Fanger?s predicted mean vote (PMV) model. This evaluation method takes all the six influencing factors into consideration: air temperature and humidity, air velocity, mean radiant temperature of surrounding surfaces, clothing insulation, and occupants? activities. Fanger?s PMV method was developed for temperate climate and European people, with the participation of university students as subjects. Many researchers had investigated its validity in different geographic locations (i. e. climatic conditions, people) and under non-laboratory circumstances. The results were summarised by van Hoof which had been published in the scientific references. The articles gave us the idea to elaborate the former measurement results. During the last decades thermal comfort was evaluated by our research team using subjective scientific questionnaires and applying the objective Fanger?s model in several office buildings in Hungary. The relation between the PMV and actual mean vote values were analysed based on these results. Investigations were carried out under steady-state conditions in winter time. We performed objective thermal comfort evaluations based on instrumental measurements using the PMV theory. Parallel to this we assessed the subjective thermal sensation using scientific questionnaires. The mathematical relationship between the actual mean vote and PMV was defined according to the evaluated thermal environment: AMV = PMV + 0.275, (arg. ?1.7 ? PMV ? +0.5).
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Udrea, Ioana, Cristiana Croitoru, Ilinca Nastase, Angel Dogeanu, and Viorel Badescu. "Thermal Comfort Analyses in Naturally Ventilated Buildings." Mathematical Modelling in Civil Engineering 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mmce-2014-0016.
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Abstract Global current requirement is to increase thermal comfort in residential and non residential buildings. A field survey was accomplished in a naturally ventilated university classroom in Bucharest, Romania, in winter and spring. Comfort parameters were measured and comfort questionnaires were distributed to the students. Questions were related to thermal sensation of the occupants. This paper compares the experimental results with the occupant’s response. It analyzes the variation of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percent of Dissatisfied (PPD) with temperature. It is made a comparison between PMV and thermal sensation vote. The results show PMV values different from Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) values which means there is a poor approximation of indoor comfort. In conclusion the comfort parameters should be reviewed and should be proposed other evaluation methods. Possible explanations are discussed in relation with thermal regime of the buildings.
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Broday, Evandro Eduardo, Jéferson Aparecido Moreto, Antonio Augusto de Paula Xavier, and Reginaldo de Oliveira. "The approximation between thermal sensation votes (TSV) and predicted mean vote (PMV): A comparative analysis." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 69 (January 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2018.09.007.
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Aguilera, José Joaquín, Jørn Toftum, and Ongun Berk Kazanci. "Predicting personal thermal preferences based on data-driven methods." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 05015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911105015.
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One of the prevalent models to account for thermal comfort in HVAC design is the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV). However, the model is based on parameters difficult to estimate in real applications and it focuses on mean votes of large groups of people. Personal Comfort Models (PCM) is a data-driven approach to model thermal comfort at an individual level. It takes advantage of concepts such as machine learning and Internet of Things (IoT), combining feedback from occupants and local thermal environment measurements. The framework presented in this paper evaluates the performance of PCM and PMV regarding the prediction of personal thermal preferences. Air temperature and relative humidity measurements were combined with thermal preference votes obtained from a field study. This data was used to train three machine learning methods focused on PCM: Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Naive-Bayes (NB) and Fuzzy Logic (FL); comparing them with a PMV-based algorithm. The results showed that all methods had a better overall performance than guessing randomly the thermal preferences votes. In addition, there was not a difference between the performance of the PCM and PMV-based algorithms. Finally, the PMV-based method predicted well thermal preferences of individuals, having a 70% probability of correct guessing.
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Yang, Xue Bin, De Fa Sun, Xiang Jiang Zhou, Ling Ling Cai, and Ying Ji. "Indoor Thermal Comfort and its Effect on Building Energy Consumption." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 3516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3516.
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The indoor thermal comfort and its effect on building energy consumption have been conducted by literature reviewing in the study. The linear relationship and the related formulations of various thermal comfort indictors are summarized to evaluate the human comfort. These parameters include predicted mean vote, thermal sensation vote, adaptive predicted mean vote, thermal comfort vote, and thermal acceptability. Under different climatic or regional conditions, both relationships between thermal comfort parameters and indoor or outdoor air temperature, and between comfort vote and another comfort parameter, are summarized for their definition and formulation. The comfort parameters such as local air speed, neutral temperature, PMV set point and others will directly impact the building energy usage. It is of significance to seek an optimal alternative for energy savings.
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Ghaffari Jabbari, Shahla, Aida Maleki, Mohammad Ali Kaynezhad, and Bjarne W. Olesen. "Inter-personal factors affecting building occupants’ thermal tolerance at cold outdoor condition during an autumn–winter period." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 7 (August 5, 2019): 987–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x19867999.
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The study was conducted to investigate thermal adaptation and the impact of individual differences on developing thermal tolerance when the outdoor temperature falls below 10°C. The applicability of the predicted mean vote (PMV) model was investigated, too. The concept of occupant’s ‘Temperament’ was evaluated as a psychological-adaptation factor. Two main hypotheses were: (a) people with different temperaments would experience different thermal sensations and (b) the classic PMV- predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) model is capable of predicting the neutral sensation in heated buildings under cold outdoor temperatures. There was a direct relationship between individual temperament and clothing level as well as thermal sensation. The occupants who were assessed to have cold temperament tend to wear thicker clothes and were more sensitive to variations in indoor air temperature than others. Females with a cold temperament were more than twice as likely to be affected by indoor air temperature as those with a warm temperament. The PMV-PPD model was able to predict the mean neutral temperature in the heated buildings even when the outdoor temperature fell below 10°C. However, when occupants were able to control high indoor temperature, the percentage of true prediction of actual mean votes by the adaptive thermal heat balance model was more than that by the classic PMV model.
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Dyvia, H. A., and C. Arif. "Analysis of thermal comfort with predicted mean vote (PMV) index using artificial neural network." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 622 (January 8, 2021): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/622/1/012019.
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Ye, Guodong, Changzhi Yang, Youming Chen, and Yuguo Li. "A new approach for measuring predicted mean vote (PMV) and standard effective temperature (SET∗)." Building and Environment 38, no. 1 (January 2003): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-1323(02)00027-6.
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Dyvia, H. A., and C. Arif. "Analysis of thermal comfort with predicted mean vote (PMV) index using artificial neural network." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 622 (January 8, 2021): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/622/1/012019.
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Sugiono, Sugiono, Andyka Kusuma, Rio Lukodono, Siti Nurlaela, and Achmad Wicaksono. "Impact of elevated outdoor MRT station towards passenger thermal comfort: A case study in Jakarta MRT." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 29, no. 1 (April 4, 2020): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2020.29.1.9.
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Comfort of the train passengers is the main priority of modern mass rapid transit (MRT) management. Objective of this paper is to investigate the thermal comfort of the elevated MRT station in tropical climate. The first step of this study was to conduct literature review on human thermal comfort, environment ergonomics, computational fluid dynamic (CFD), computational aeroacoustics (CAA), and predicted mean vote (PMV). Air quality in elevated MRT station was measured based on several parameters: relative humidity, wind speed, temperature, and wind direction. A 3D model of MRT designed was used to describe existing condition prior to simulations with CFD and CAA softwares. Predicted mean vote is arranged based on the value of metabolism, wind speed, ambient temperature, mean radiant temperature, amount of insulation from clothing, and relative humidity. Whereas predicted percentage of dissatisfi ed (PPD) can be derived from PMV calculations. The analysis shows that the average PMV of existing condition for elevated outdoor MRT station is 3.6 (extremely hot) with PPD is 100% (all passengers felt discomfort). Some recommendations to reduce heat stress were addressed such as: adding plant, changing materials of the MRT station, and change the design of the elevated MRT station. Modifying open elevated MRT station into indoor elevated MRT station with installing six units of AC (2pk, ±23°C) can improve air quality and maintain the thermal comfort scale of PMV to be –0.04 (comfort) with PPD of < 8%. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the most suitable design for elevated MRT station in tropical climate (hot and humid) is indoor MRT station with pay attention to both direct and indirect heat exposure that hit the station.
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ISHII, AKIO, TADAHISA KATAYAMA, NOBUO UCHIKAWA, MASARU NISHIDA, JUN-ICHIRO TSUTSUMI, and NORIKO SAKAKIBARA. "ESTIMATION OF THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN A ROOM WITH CROSS-VENTILATION BY PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE)." Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 360 (1986): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijax.360.0_12.
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Hamzah, Baharuddin, Muhammad Taufik Ishak, Syarif Beddu, and Mohammad Yoenus Osman. "Thermal comfort analyses of naturally ventilated university classrooms." Structural Survey 34, no. 4/5 (August 8, 2016): 427–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ss-12-2015-0055.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse thermal comfort and the thermal environment in naturally ventilated classrooms. Specifically, the aims of the study were to identify the thermal environment and thermal comfort of respondents in naturally ventilated university classrooms and compare them with the ASHRAE and Indonesian National Standard (SNI); to check on whether the predicted mean vote (PMV) model is applicable or not for predicting the thermal comfort of occupants in naturally ventilated university classrooms; and to analyse the neutral temperature of occupants in the naturally ventilated university classrooms. Design/methodology/approach The study was carried out at the new campus of Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Gowa campus. A number of field surveys, which measured thermal environments, namely, air temperature, mean radiant temperature (MRT), relative humidity, and air velocity, were carried out. The personal activity and clothing properties were also recorded. At the same time, respondents were asked to fill a questionnaire to obtain their thermal sensation votes (TSV) and thermal comfort votes (TCV), thermal preference, and thermal acceptance. A total of 118 respondents participated in the study. Before the survey was conducted, a brief explanation was provided to the participants to ensure that they understood the study objectives and also how to fill in the questionnaires. Findings The results indicated that the surveyed classrooms had higher thermal environments than those specified in the well-known ASHRAE standard and Indonesian National Standard (SNI). However, this condition did not make respondents feel uncomfortable because a large proportion of respondents voted within the comfort zone (+1, 0, and −1). The predictive mean vote using the PMV model was higher than the respondents’ votes either by TSV or by TCV. There was a huge difference between neutral temperature using operative temperature (To) and air temperature (Ta). This difference may have been because of the small value of MRT recorded in the measured classrooms. Originality/value The research shows that the use of the PMV model in predicting thermal comfort in the tropic region might be misleading. This is because PMV mostly overestimates the TSV and TCV of the respondents. People in the tropic region are more tolerant to a higher temperature. On the basis of this finding, there is a need to develop a new thermal comfort model for university classrooms that is particularly optimal for this tropical area.
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SUZUKI, Kenta, Hiromitsu NAKAGAWA, Hitoshi ISHIKAWA, Shunsuke YAMADA, and Hiroshi KOBAYASHl. "Visualization of Thermal Comfort by PMV and Thermal Image." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 28-1, no. 2 (2008): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.28.1165.
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Shaari, Nur Atikah, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki, Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali, and Azli Abd Razak. "Investigation of the PMV and TSV Models of Thermal Comfort in Air-Conditioned University Classrooms in Malaysia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 819 (January 2016): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.819.207.
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A field study was done on the thermal comfort of seven air-conditioned university classrooms in the hot and humid climate of Malaysia. The aims of this paper are to investigate the perceptions of thermal comfort and the adaptation method of students in air-conditioned classrooms. In total, 189 respondents from the classrooms completed the questionnaire. A comparison was made between the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and the Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) and it was found that the TSV values tended to be more sensitive than the PMV values. A variety of adaptation methods of the occupants in the classrooms are also presented. It was found that most of the occupants preferred to change the air-conditioning thermostat, probably because all the occupants had the opportunity to control the thermostat.
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Conceição, Eusébio, António Sousa, João Gomes, and António Ruano. "HVAC Systems Applied in University Buildings with Control Based on PMV and aPMV Indexes." Inventions 4, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions4010003.
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In this work, HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) systems applied in university buildings with control based on PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and aPMV (adaptive Predicted Mean Vote) indexes are discussed. The building’s thermal behavior with complex topology, in transient thermal conditions, for summer and winter conditions is simulated by software. The university building is divided into 124 spaces, on two levels with an area of 5931 m2, and is composed of 201 transparent surfaces and 1740 opaque surfaces. There are 86 compartments equipped with HVAC systems. The simulation considers the actual occupation and ventilation cycles, the external environmental variables, the internal HVAC system and the occupants’ and building’s characteristics. In this work, a new HVAC control system, designed to simultaneously obtain better occupants’ thermal comfort levels according to category C of ISO 7730 with less energy consumption, is presented. This new HVAC system with aPMV index control is numerically implemented, and its performance is compared with the performance of the same HVAC system with the usual PMV index control. Both HVAC control systems turn on only when the PMV index or the aPMV index reaches values below −0.7, in winter conditions, and when the PMV index or the aPMV index reaches values above +0.7, in summer conditions. In accordance with the results obtained, the HVAC system guarantees negative PMV and aPMV indexes in winter conditions and positive PMV and aPMV indexes in summer conditions. The energy consumption level is higher in winter conditions than in summer conditions for compartments with shading, and it is lower in winter conditions than in summer conditions for compartments exposed to direct solar radiation. The consumption level is higher using the PMV control than with the aPMV control. Air temperature, in accordance with Portuguese standards, is higher than 20 °C in winter conditions and lower than 27 °C in summer conditions. In Mediterranean climates, the HVAC systems with aPMV control provide better occupants’ thermal comfort levels and less energy consumption than the HVAC system with PMV control.
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Zhou, Xiaojie, Sumei Liu, Xuan Liu, Xiaorui Lin, Ke Qing, Weizhen Zhang, Jian Li, Jiankai Dong, Dayi Lai, and Qingyan Chen. "Evaluation of Four Models for Predicting Thermal Sensation in Chinese Residential Kitchen." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911102004.
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Thermal environment in residential kitchen in China is transient and non-uniform and with strong radiation asymmetry from gas stove. Due to the complexity of kitchen thermal environment, it is not sure if previous thermal comfort models can accurately predict the thermal comfort in residential kitchens. In order to evaluate if existing thermal comfort models can be applied for Chinese kitchens, this investigation conducted human subject tests for 20 cooks when preparing dishes in a kitchen. The study measured skin temperatures of the cooks and environmental parameters and used questionnaires to obtain their thermal sensation votes at the same time. The actual thermal sensation votes were compared with the predicted ones by four thermal comfort models: predicted mean vote (PMV) model, dynamic thermal sensation (DTS) model, the University of California at Berkeley (UCB) model, and the transient outdoor thermal comfort model from Lai et al. The results showed that all the models could predict the trend of the thermal sensations but with errors. The PMV model overpredicted the thermal sensations. The UCB and Lai’s models showed a slower change in thermal sensation votes (TSV) after turning on the stove. The DTS model was more accurate than the others in predicting the mean thermal sensation, but with a large variation in predicting individual thermal sensation votes. A better thermal comfort model should be developed for Chinese residential kitchens.
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Kalmár, Ferenc, and Tünde Kalmar. "Impact of Building Refurbishment on the Operative Temperature and PMV." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.325.
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Energy saving is one of the main priorities in the building sector. In the last years in Hungary different national programs were launched in order to improve the thermal properties of residential buildings. In case of building refurbishment 40-60% heating energy savings were expected. There were cases when the expected energy savings have not been met. The aim of this research was to see which the refurbishment impact is on the thermal comfort in a residential building. It was found the mean radiant temperature, the operative temperature and the predicted mean vote (PMV) decrease after building refurbishment.
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Che, Qiang. "Numerical Simulation of Thermal Environment in High Heat Tunnel." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.519.
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With the increasing depth of coal mining, problems of high temperature thermal damage in mine become more and more serious. A high heat tunnel thermal environment case is numerical simulated in the presented work, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) indices are using to predict the thermal comfort of environment, velocity field, temperature field and PMV values field in high heat tunnel had been obtained. The simulation results indicated while the inlet air velocity is 0.7 m/s, the temperatures in most tunnel area are below 26 °C and the thermal environment conforms to the Coal Mine Safety Regulation in China.
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Guo, Qianwen, Ryozo Ooka, Wonseok Oh, Wonjun Choi, and Doyun Lee. "Effect of insulation on indoor thermal comfort in a detached house with a floor heating system." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 02049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911102049.
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Appropriate insulation materials, with unique physical properties and of moderate thickness, are essential for energy savings in residential buildings. However, the impact of thermal insulation on indoor thermal comfort with floor heating systems has not been studied extensively. In this study, simulations of a typical Japanese detached house were conducted with four different thicknesses of insulation material in the walls, ceiling, and floor to estimate the mean air temperature (MAT), mean radiant temperature (MRT), floor temperature, predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). The results showed that increasing the thickness of thermal insulation increased the MAT and MRT by 1.4 – 4.0 ℃ and 1.3 – 4.4 ℃, respectively. Moreover, as the thickness of the thermal insulation increased, the floor temperature rose and exhibited smaller fluctuations. Finally, it was found that increasing the thickness of thermal insulation improved the indoor thermal comfort environment, as evidenced by an increase in the PMV from –1.0 to 0.3, and a decrease in the PPD from 25.1% to 9.5%.
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Febiyani, Anastasia. "Konsep Smart Building Pada Kenyamanan Termal di Laboratorium Teknik." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 13, no. 1 (June 26, 2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jtm.13.1.359.
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Engineering Laboratory is a place where students can learn the theory and then practicing of machines operate. Teaching room should be made as comfortabel as possible so can improve students. Room condition whereas there are practicum machines makes the room hotter.. Inadequate room capacity makes students uncomfortabel with the conditions of the practicum. The focus in this study is to examine the thermal comfort obtained by students, measurements of temperature and humidity. The method used to calculate the temperature index by calculating the Predicted Mean Vote Index (PMV), Predicted Dissatisfied (PPD), and Heat Stress Index (HSI). Result for This calculation is then used as a reference in the improvement analysis. The results obtained from the PMV calculation are 2.11 PPD 81.67%. This calculation used as a reference in the improvement analysis.
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Krawczyk, Natalia. "Thermal comfort in the low energy building - validation and modification of the Fanger model." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 15003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124615003.
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Nowadays, we spend most of our time inside buildings. Thus, ensuring adequate thermal comfort is an important issue. The paper discusses the issue of thermal comfort assessment in the intelligent low energy building “Energis” of Kielce University of Technology (Poland). The tests conducted in a selected lecture theater focused on collecting anonymous questionnaires containing thermal sensation and air quality votes of the respondents as well as performing measurements of indoor air parameters (air and globe temperatures, relative humidity, air velocity and CO2 concentration). Based on the obtained data a comparison has been done between the actual sensation votes of the volunteers and the calculation results performed with the Fanger thermal comfort model. Two indices have been considered in the paper: PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied). A modification of the model has also been proposed, which considers the impact of the carbon dioxide concentration on thermal comfort.
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da Silva, Luiz Bueno, Francisco Antonio P. Fialho, Antonio Souto Coutinho, da F. Lima Márcio Botelho, and P. Xavier Antonio de Augusto. "Analysis of the Correlation among Thermal Dissatisfaction and Productivity in the Indoor Environment with VDT." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 8 (July 2000): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004400803.
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This paper presents an investigation hold on a Bank Agency Compensation Department about the correlation between productivity and thermal dissatisfaction indicators, through the use of Pearson's coefficient (r). The criteria for measuring thermal comfort conditions were based on PMV indexes (Predicted Mean Vote), and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied), according ISO 7730/1994 norm. Productivity was measured through the use of a computer program developed for running in a UNIX platform. The results show a meaningful correlation between thermal dissatisfaction and productivity, when the central air conditioning system was working satisfactorily.
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Balbis-Morejón, Milen, Javier M. Rey-Hernández, Carlos Amaris-Castilla, Eloy Velasco-Gómez, Julio F. San José-Alonso, and Francisco Javier Rey-Martínez. "Experimental Study and Analysis of Thermal Comfort in a University Campus Building in Tropical Climate." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 8886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218886.
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This study presents the evaluation of the performance and acceptability of thermal comfort by students in the classrooms of a university building with minisplit-type air-conditioning systems, in a tropical climate. To carry out the study, temperature and humidity measurements were recorded, both outside and inside the selected classrooms, while the students were asked to complete thermal surveys on site. The survey model is based on the template proposed by Fanger and it was applied to a total number of 584 students. In each classroom, the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and the Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) were estimated according to Fanger’s methodology, as well as the Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) and the Actual Percentage Dissatisfied (APD), which were obtained from the measurements and the surveys. The results of this study showed that the PMV values, although they may vary with the insulation of the clothing, do not affect the TSV. Furthermore, comparing PMV vs. TSV scores, a 2 °C to 3 °C difference in operating temperature was found, whereby the thermal sensitivity for TSV was colder, so it could be assumed that the PMV model overestimates the thermal sensitivity of students in low-temperature conditions. In addition, an acceptability by 90% with thermal preferences between 23 °C and 24 °C were also found. These results indicate that it is possible to increase the temperature set point in minisplit-type air-conditioning system from 4 °C to 7 °C with respect to the currently set temperatures, without affecting the acceptability of the thermal environment to the students in the building.
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Palladino, Domenico, Iole Nardi, and Cinzia Buratti. "Artificial Neural Network for the Thermal Comfort Index Prediction: Development of a New Simplified Algorithm." Energies 13, no. 17 (September 1, 2020): 4500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174500.
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A simplified algorithm using an artificial neural network (ANN, a feed-forward neural network) for the assessment of the predicted mean vote (PMV) index in summertime was developed, using solely three input variables (namely the indoor air temperature, relative humidity, and clothing insulation), whilst low air speed (<0.1 m/s), a minimal variation of radiant temperature (25.1 °C ± 2 °C) and steady metabolism (1.2 Met) were considered. Sensitivity analysis to the number of variables and to the number of neurons were performed. The developed ANN was then compared with three proven methods used for thermal comfort prediction: (i) the International Standard; (ii) the Rohles model; (iii) the modified Rohles model. Finally, another network able to predict the indoor thermal conditions was considered: the combined calculation of the two networks was tested for the PMV prediction. The proposed algorithm allows one to better approximate the PMV index than the other models (mean error of ANN predominantly in ±0.10–±0.20 range). The accuracy of the network in PMV prediction increases when air temperature and relative humidity values fall into 21–28 °C and 30–75% ranges. When the PMV is predicted by using the combined calculation (i.e., by using the two networks), the same order of magnitude of error was found, confirming the reliability of the networks. The developed ANN could be considered as an alternative method for the simplified prediction of PMV; moreover, the new simplified algorithm can be useful in buildings’ design phase, i.e., in those cases where experimental data are not available.
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Ongwuttiwat, Krittiya, Sudaporn Sudprasert, and Thananchai Leephakpreeda. "Determination of human thermal comfort due to moisture permeability of clothes." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 30, no. 4 (August 6, 2018): 462–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-09-2017-0138.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the determination of human thermal comfort with wearing clothes, with different water vapor permeability. Currently, the predicted mean vote (PMV) equation is widely used to determine thermal sensation scales of human comfort. However, moisture permeability of clothes has been not taken in account where the heat is lost from a human body due to water vapor diffusion through clothes. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the heat loss is derived based on the real structure of textiles, causing water vapor pressure difference between air on skin and ambient air. The PMV equation is modified to differentiate a thermal sensation scale of comfort although patterns of clothes are the same. Interview tests are investigated with wearing clothes from three types of textiles: knitted polyester, coated nylon–spandex, and polyurethane, under various air conditions. Findings The moisture permeabilities of knitted polyester, coated nylon–spandex and polyurethane are 16.57×10−9 kg/m2 s•kPa, 9.15×10−9 kg/m2•s•kPa and 2.99×10−9 kg/m2•s•kPa, respectively. The interviews reveal that most people wearing knitted-polyester clothes have the greatest cold sensations under various air conditions since moisture permeability is the highest, compared to coated nylon–spandex, and polyurethane leather. Correspondingly, the predicted results of the modified PMV equation are close to the actual mean votes of interviewees with a coefficient of determination R2=0.83. On the other hand, the coefficient of determination from the predicted results of the conventional PMV equation is significantly lower than unity, with R2=0.42. Practical implications In practice, this quantitative determination on human thermal comfort gives some concrete recommendations on textile selection of clothes for acceptable satisfaction of thermal comfort under various surrounding conditions of usage. Originality/value The modified PMV equation effectively determines human comfort on a thermal sensation scale due to the moisture permeability of clothes. To make generic conclusion, experimental results of additional three textiles, such as plain weave/lining polyester, knitted spandex, and open structure polyester, are reported. They confirm that the modified PMV equation effectively determines human comfort on a thermal sensation scale due to the moisture permeability of clothes.
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Rupp, Ricardo Forgiarini, Renata De Vecchi, Bernardo Farias Asmus, Christhina Cândido, and Enedir Ghisi. "Conforto térmico humano em escritórios com sistema central de condicionamento artificial em clima subtropical úmido: estudos de campo vs. abordagem analítica." Ambiente Construído 17, no. 1 (March 2017): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212017000100127.
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Resumo Quando se trata de conforto térmico em edificações condicionadas artificialmente, o modelo predicted mean vote/predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PMV/PPD) de Fanger, publicado em 1970, é o mais utilizado para prever e avaliar as condições térmicas internas. Este artigo apresenta dados de conforto térmico levantados em uma edificação de escritórios com sistema central de condicionamento de ar, localizada em Florianópolis, uma cidade de clima subtropical úmido. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar e comparar os resultados de sensação térmica obtidos em estudos de campo (284 participantes) com os valores calculados de PMV/PPD provenientes do método analítico adotado pela ASHRAE 55 (2013). Questionários eletrônicos foram aplicados simultaneamente às medições das variáveis ambientais (temperatura do ar, umidade relativa, temperatura radiante média e velocidade do ar) durante 2014. Observou-se que, embora 91% dos ocupantes tenham avaliado o ambiente como confortável termicamente, o PPD médio apontou 16% de insatisfeitos termicamente. Constatou-se certa inadequação do modelo ao clima em questão, principalmente quando se considera o restrito intervalo de PMV entre ± 0,50 delimitado como confortável pela ASHRAE 55 (2013).
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Sadrizadeh, Sasan. "Numerical Investigation of Thermal Comfort in an Aircraft Passenger Cabin." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911101027.
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This study presents the results of a pilot numerical study of the thermal comfort in the aircraft passenger cabin. The computations have been performed using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique. The overall thermal comfort at temperatures of 15 °C – 20 °C was discussed based on the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) indexes. Results indicate that the air velocity and its direction toward the passengers have a considerable impact on their thermal comfort. However, a small variation in temperature has a limited effect on thermal sensation and thus do not jeopardize the overall thermal comfort.
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Duan, Pei Yong, Hui Li, and Cong Cong Liu. "PMV Based Hot/Cold Complaint Model for Dynamical Thermal Comfort." Advanced Materials Research 816-817 (September 2013): 1185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.816-817.1185.
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Dynamic thermal comfort control can provide comfortable, healthy, and energy-saving indoor environments. The hot / cold complaints occur when the indoor occupants are dissatisfied with the thermal environment. In order to obtain a precise index for thermal comfort control according to individual preferences, A PMV (Predicted Mean Vote)-based cold / hot complaint event method are presented so that the optimization control policies that affect both energy consumption and comfort can be formulated. A mathematical model of the number of cold and hot complaints in a time period t is developed that is based on the level-crossing theory of stochastic processes. Hot complaint experiments were conducted in intelligent environment laboratory. Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Zhou, Yuekuan, and Chuck Wah Yu. "The year-round thermal performance of a new ventilated Trombe wall integrated with phase change materials in the hot summer and cold winter region of China." Indoor and Built Environment 28, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 195–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x18807451.
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A new ventilated Trombe wall (VTW) constituted with double Phase Change Material (PCM) wallboards (PCMs-VTW) has been developed. The year-round thermal performance of the system was evaluated via an experimentally validated model. The impact of the transition temperature of PCMs and air change rate on cooling and heating load were determined. Also, the total energy and the electric energy consumption of the fan were evaluated. The new PCMs-VTW can contribute to a reduction in the cooling load (14.8%) and heating load (12.7%) when fusion temperatures of PCMs in exterior and interior PCM wallboards were 26°C and 22°C, respectively. As a result, the total energy consumption was reduced, relative to the use of a shading device, by 5.83 kWh in summer and 23.54 kWh in winter. The proposed system is beneficial to indoor thermal comfort during summer and winter. The test room fitted with the PCMs-VTW has an average predicted mean vote (PMV) of 0.97 and a predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) of 12.5% in summer; and a PMV of –0.32 and 9.6% PPD in winter. By contrast, the test room fitted with a split-type air conditioner has a PMV of 2.71 and a PPD of 23.9% in summer and a PMV of –1.71 and 29.8% PPD in winter.
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Kurnia, Rendy, Sobri Effendy, and Laras Tursilowati. "IDENTIFIKASI KENYAMANAN TERMAL BANGUNAN (STUDI KASUS: RUANG KULIAH KAMPUS IPB BARANANGSIANG DAN DARMAGA BOGOR)IDENTIFICATION OF BUILDING THERMAL COMFORT (Case Study: Classrooms in IPB Banangsiang and Darmaga Campuses)." Jurnal Agromet Indonesia 24, no. 1 (June 19, 2010): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j.agromet.24.1.14-22.
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Housing development, well-planned or not well-planned, has changed urban view and its thermal environment. Many researchers have claimed that the worse quality of urban thermal environment is proportional to physical development of the city. Physical development in urban areas has caused various environmental problems, one of them is the change in quality of thermal environment by which the city becomes hotter than the surrounding areas. The purpose of this research was to identify thermal comfort either in classrooms at Darmaga or Baranangsiang campuses of Bogor Agricultural University. PMV (Predicted Mean Vote), using the boundary Effective Temperature (TE), THI (Temperature Humidity Index), and the last method is respondent test. PMVs (Predicted Mean Votes) in the classrooms at Baranangsiang campuses are thermally neutral to slightly warm, while that in classrooms in Darmaga campus are warmer. Effective Temperature which is resulted in the both of lecture halls are comfortable warm conditions. In addition, for respondents test, the thermal impression in IPB campus of Baranangsiang prefers to choose the slightly warm conditions, but for a lecture hall in campus of IPB Darmaga is more dominated by warm and slightly warm conditions. The questionnaire has been appropiated to the range of PMV index. So, the lecture halls that have been studied in both of campus can be concluded as slightly warm condition, because the thermal impressions felt by the respondents are also in the range of neutral to slightly . The value of THI for both of campus environment is in the range of moderate or neutral.Housing development, well-planned or not well-planned, has changed urban view and its thermal environment. Many researchers have claimed that the worse quality of urban thermal environment is proportional to physical development of the city. Physical development in urban areas has caused various environmental problems, one of them is the change in quality of thermal environment by which the city becomes hotter than the surrounding areas. The purpose of this research was to identify thermal comfort either in classrooms at Darmaga or Baranangsiang campuses of Bogor Agricultural University. PMV (Predicted Mean Vote), using the boundary Effective Temperature (TE), THI (Temperature Humidity Index), and the last method is respondent test. PMVs (Predicted Mean Votes) in the classrooms at Baranangsiang campuses are thermally neutral to slightly warm, while that in classrooms in Darmaga campus are warmer. Effective Temperature which is resulted in the both of lecture halls are comfortable warm conditions. In addition, for respondents test, the thermal impression in IPB campus of Baranangsiang prefers to choose the slightly warm conditions, but for a lecture hall in campus of IPB Darmaga is more dominated by warm and slightly warm conditions. The questionnaire has been appropiated to the range of PMV index. So, the lecture halls that have been studied in both of campus can be concluded as slightly warm condition, because the thermal impressions felt by the respondents are also in the range of neutral to slightly . The value of THI for both of campus environment is in the range of moderate or neutral.
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Donaisky, Emerson, Gustavo H. C. Oliveira, and Nathan Mendes. "Algoritmos PMV-MBPC para conforto térmico em edificações e aplicação em uma célula-teste." Sba: Controle & Automação Sociedade Brasileira de Automatica 21, no. 1 (February 2010): 01–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-17592010000100001.
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Este artigo trata o problema de controle de conforto térmico para ocupantes de edificações. Conforto térmico e um conceito de difícil definição e neste trabalho, utilisa-ze índice PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) para sua avaliação. Através deste índice, duas estratégias de controle preditivo caracterizadas por ter restrições terminais, denominadas aqui de PMV-MBPC (PMV Model Based Predictive Controller), são apresentadas. Na primeira estratégia, a gestão do conforto termico é realizada através da geração de sinais de referêsencia para o controlador, que otimiza o valor de PMV dentro de uma zona térmica da edificação. Na segunda, o modelo de PMV está incluso nos cálculos de previsão do controlador, gerando um modelo não-linear com estrutura Wiener. Resultados relacionados com a garantia de estabilidade do sistema em malha fechada são propostos. Neste contexto, um ambiente para testes (célula-teste) de sistemas de controle é descrita e a primeira abordagem é então implementada em tempo real neste ambiente usando um aquecedor a óleo. Resultados experimentais ilustram o desempenho do sistema controle para conforto térmico. Adicionalmente, resultados de simulação, conduzidos com dados climáticos horários, ilustram também o desempenho dos algoritmos de controle.
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Krawczyk, Natalia, Andrej Kapjor, and Łukasz J. Orman. "Verification of the Fanger Model in Real Conditions." MATEC Web of Conferences 328 (2020): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032801001.
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This study presents the issue of thermal comfort based on the Fanger model. The research was conducted in 5 rooms in the autumn-winter period. The research consisted of measurement of thermal environment parameters, air temperature and flow rate, relative air humidity, globe temperature sensor and light intensity. During the research, the students filled in questionnaires concerning thermal sensation. This allowed them to express their assessment of thermal comfort (predicted mean vote PMV and predicted percentage of dissatisfied PPD), as well as their preferences concerning the prevailing room conditions. Differences between the actual average predicted rating index and the Fanger model were shown. It can be noted that Fanger’s model does not reflect the results of the respondents.
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He, Lin, Shunan Zhao, Guowen Xu, Xin Wu, Junlong Xie, and Shanshan Cai. "Prediction and Evaluation of Dynamic Variations of the Thermal Environment in an Air-Conditioned Room Using Collaborative Simulation Method." Energies 14, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 5378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175378.
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In this study, a collaborative simulation method is proposed to predict dynamic variations of the thermal environment in an air-conditioned room. The room thermal environment was predicted and analyzed by varying the structural and control parameters of the air conditioner considering the dynamic coupling effect. Connections and regularities were established between the applicable parameters and evaluation indices of the thermal environment. The simulation results demonstrated the interactions among the system structural parameters, control parameters, and the thermal environment. Within a certain parameter range, the evaporator structure exhibited a significant effect on temperature uniformity and vertical air temperature difference, followed by predicted mean vote (PMV) and draught rate (DR). The associated evaluation indices were sensitive to fin spacing, tube spacing, and tube outer diameter, in the same order, which were structural parameters of the evaporator. The effect of the air supply angle on the vertical air temperature difference was evident; however, its influence on the PMV, DR, and temperature uniformity did not indicate consistent variations.
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Krawczyk, Natalia, and Sylwia Surmańska. "Analysis of Thermal Comfort in a Single-Family House in Poland." Civil and Environmental Engineering 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cee-2020-0040.
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AbstractThe article presents test research on thermal sensations, thermal preferences, as well as general thermal sensations in a single-family building. Graphs were drawn to determine the frequency of answers chosen by the respondents and the relationship between temperature and thermal sensations, as well as the influence of relative humidity on thermal sensations. A comparison was also made between the average thermal sensation vote and the PMV index, which determines the ‘predicted mean vote’ - estimated by the Fanger model. The aim of the study was to compare the actual feelings of the respondents with standard guidelines. As a result of this analysis it was found that the thermal sensations of the respondents do not comply with the adopted model included in the standard.
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Zhang, Pei Hong, Xin Chun Zhang, Zhong Jiao Ma, and Jia Lin Song. "Numerical Study on the Affection of River System of Different Areas to Thermal Environment of Residential Neighborhood." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 1422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.1422.
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Based on software of Airpak, a mathematical model of a residential neighborhood in Shenyang was built to analyze the thermal environment of the area in summer. Different areas of river system, saying, original and double area, were located in south of the residential neighborhood. A series of results at pedestrian level of 1.5 meters were obtained, such as temperature field, relative humidity(RH) field, Predicted Mean Vote and Predicted Percent Dissatisfied(PMV-PPD), as well as Mean Age of Air(MAA). The simulation results showed that the affect to the thermal environment of the residence were different when the area of river systems was different. All the simulation results illustrated that the thermal environment was better if the area of water system was increased.
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Swasti, Tathia Edra. "PENGARUH BUKAAN SAMPING (CLERESTORY) TERHADAP KUALITAS KENYAMANAN TERMAL PADA FOOD CARNIVAL, MALL AEON BSD." Vitruvian 9, no. 1 (November 13, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/vitruvian.2019.v9i1.005.
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ABSTRAK
Mall saat ini marak menggunakan clerestory sebagai salah satu upaya untuk penerangan alami pada siang hari. Namun, cahaya matahari pada sore hari (barat) akan menghasilkan cahaya matahari yang lebih panas dan silau dibandingkan cahaya matahari pada pagi hari (timur). Oleh karena itu, dengan pemakaian clerestory yang cukup besar pada bangunan, masalah panas tentu tak dapat dihindari. Begitu pula dengan glare yang berasal dari pantulan sinar matahari. Salah satu Mall yang menggunakan clerestory adalah Mall AEON BSD. Pengukuran suhu udara, temperatur efektif, kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) dan PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) dilaksanakan pada 4 waktu dengan 5 lokasi titik ukur yang memiliki kondisi berbeda untuk membuktikan bahwa clerestory dapat mempengaruhi kenyamanan termal. Disimpulkan bahwa titik 2 yaitu titik yang berdekatan dengan clerestory sisi kanan (ukurannya lebih kecil daripada clerestory sisi kiri) memiliki temperatur efektif dan kelembaban udara yang lebih rendah dari titik lain, dan kecepatan udara (dipengaruhi oleh hembusan AC) lebih tinggi dari titik lain. Responden merasa nyaman saat berada di titik tersebut.Titik paling nyaman menurut responden adalah titik 2 dengan TE rata-rata berkisar 27,4˚C, kelembaban udara rata-rata berkisar 52,2%, kecepatan udara rata-rata berkisar 0,15 m/s, PMV berkisar 0,5 dan PPD berkisar 12,7%. Dengan begitu semakin kecil ukuran skylight terbukti mempengaruhi kenyamanan termal dan membuat kenyamanan termal dapat tercapai.
Kata Kunci: Mall, Clerestory, PMV, PPD, Kenyamanan Termal
ABSTRACT
Nowadays mall is decorated with clerestory as an effort to lighten naturally during the day. However, sunlight in the afternoon (west) will produce more sunlight and glare than sunlight in the morning (east). Therefore, with the use of a fairly large clerestory in buildings, the problem of heat certainly can not be avoided. Similarly, glare that comes from the reflection of sunlight. One of the malls that use clerestory is BSD AEON Mall. Measurement of air temperature, effective temperature, air humidity, wind speed, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) carried out at 4 times within 5 measuring spots that have different conditions, proving that clerestory can affect thermal comfort. It was concluded that point 2, which is the point adjacent to the right side clerestory (smaller in size than the left side clerestory) has an effective temperature and lower air humidity than other points, and air velocity (affected by blowing AC) is higher than other points. Respondents felt comfortable when they were at that point. The most comfortable point according to respondents was point 2 with TE averaging around 27.4˚C, air humidity averaged 52.2%, the average air speed ranged from 0.15 m / s, PMV ranges from 0.5 and PPD ranges from 12.7%. Thus, the smaller size of the clerestory is affecting thermal comfort and thermal comfort can be achieved.
Keywords: Mall, Clerestory, PMV, PPD, Thermal Comfort
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Ghiyasi, Samira, Hamed Nabizadeh, Milad Derakhshan Jazari, Ahmad Soltanzadeh, Hamidreza Heidari, Ali Fardi, and Elham Movahed. "The effect of personal protective equipment on thermal stress: An experimental study on firefighters." Work 67, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203259.
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BACKGROUND: Various parameters can affect the performance of firefighters. Thermal stress in firefighters is one of the most important harmful factors, which causes impaired performance and subsequent occupational accidents. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of personal protective equipment (PPE) on thermal stress in firefighters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 30 firefighters. Heart rate, metabolism and temperature parameters were measured with and without using PPE in a simulated standard chamber. Then, the two indices of predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) were calculated. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0. RESULTS: The results showed that PPE-induced weight directly increased heart rate and indirectly led to an increase in metabolism and temperature as well as significant changes in PMV and PPD indices (p < 0.001). In addition, our results showed that the effect of thermal resistance of clothing (Clo) on PMV and PPD indices was very high (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings of the study indicated that heat stress in firefighters is influenced by PPE weight and thermal resistance of clothing. Therefore, cooling vests can be used to reduce the thermal stress induced by temperature rise resulted from metabolism, PPE weight and thermal resistance of clothing. Reduced thermal stress will lead to the cooling of body temperature to acceptable levels of PMV and PPD.
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Kwong, Qi Jie, Mohamad Afri Arsad, and Nor Mariah Adam. "Evaluation of Indoor Thermal Environment in a Radiant-Cooled-Floor Office Building in Malaysia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 564 (June 2014): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.564.228.
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This paper presents the findings of a thermal comfort survey conducted in a tropical green office building. The building was installed with a slab-integrated radiant cooling system, which operated concurrently with an integrated variable-air-volume system. Evaluation of indoor thermal environment was made, where both objective and subjective assessments were carried out. The air temperature, air velocity, relative humidity and surface temperatures were measured by using calibrated sensors. Based on the data collected from the field assessment, the thermal comforts indices with expectancy factor were calculated. The results showed that thermal comfort parameters were within the comfort range specified in a local guideline, except for the air velocity profile. Besides, discrepancy between the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) with expectancy factor and Actual Mean Vote (AMV) was found, which showed that the former still overestimated the thermal sensation of occupants although an expectancy factor of 0.5 was used.
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Ahmad Rasdan Ismail, Norfadzilah Jusoh, Nor Kamilah Makhtar, Nor Kamaliana Khamis, Raemy Md Zein, and Nurul Husna Che Hassan. "CFD Study on Thermal Implication towards Human Body in Office Environment." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 85, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.85.1.125134.
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Temperatures are rising gradually around the world due to the issue of global warming. This condition also affects those who have to work for long hours. A comfortable work environment helps employees to increase work productivity. Thermal comfort is the occupant’s satisfaction with the surrounding thermal conditions. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the thermal environmental conditions of air conditioning through Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. The distributions of environmental parameters such as air velocity, air temperature, radiant temperature, inside an o?ce room with air-conditioning are presented. Based on these distributions, spatial pro?les of Predicted Mean Vote Index (PMV) are obtained to illustrate thermal conditions intuitively. This study was conducted under controlled environment inside special laboratory. To achieve this model office environment has been built in an environmental chamber. The distribution of PMV indicates that operative temperature at the 23 oC shows that the PMV is comfortable. The value of PMV in operative temperature at 23 oC is 0.79 near the skin of an occupant. The research outputs provide useful information for designers of the air-conditioning system to build a comfortable indoor environment in the office environment.
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Pereira, Pedro Filipe da Conceição, Evandro Eduardo Broday, and Antonio Augusto de Paula Xavier. "Thermal Comfort Applied in Hospital Environments: A Literature Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (October 10, 2020): 7030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207030.
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The predicted mean vote (PMV) is the most widely used model around the world to assess thermal comfort in indoor environments. The year 2020 marks the 50th anniversary of the PMV model and also the year in which the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. In this context, hospital environments and health professionals are at the center of attention, and a good indoor environment for those professionals to develop their activities is essential. Thus, considering the PMV model and focusing on hospital environments, this study performed a literature review of studies published between 1968 and August 2020. The research identified 153 papers on thermal comfort and its application in hospitals, health centers, and elderly centers. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were adopted to determine the most relevant studies for the four research questions proposed in this study. After applying the exclusion criteria, 62 studies were included in order to identify their main characteristics. In the universe of the 62 studies, this review identified 24 studies that applied the PMV model and 12 where there was a comparison of PMV and the thermal sensation votes (TSV) reported by people. The main findings of this research are: (i) A good thermal environment for professionals and patients is important, and more studies are needed; (ii) there are little explored topics, such as productivity related to thermal comfort in hospital environments; (iii) in addition to thermal comfort, other indoor environmental quality (IEQ) parameters have also been evaluated, such as indoor air quality (IAQ); (iv): the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted how the quality of indoor spaces is important in order to ensure occupant’s health.
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KRAWCZYK, NATALIA, and ANDREJ KAPJOR. "A STUDY OF THERMAL COMFORT AT KIELCE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY." Structure and Environment 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30540/sae-2020-013.
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The article presents the research of thermal comfort based on the Fanger model. The research was conducted in three educational rooms. The study involved 98 people whose age is between 19 and 23 years old. The study consisted in measuring the parameters of the thermal environment. During the research, students completed surveys regarding the thermal sensation. On the basis of the research, the predicted mean vote PMV score and the predicted percentage of dissatisfied PPDs were determined. This made it possible to compare the assessment of respondents with those indicated according to the standard, which showed that the Fanger model does not reflect the results of the respondents. The best solution will be to modify the Fanger model.
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Cakó, Balázs, Erzsébet Szeréna Zoltán, János Girán, Gabriella Medvegy, Mária Eördöghné Miklós, Árpád Nyers, Anett Tímea Grozdics, Zsolt Kisander, Viktor Bagdán, and Ágnes Borsos. "An Efficient Method to Compute Thermal Parameters of the Comfort Map Using a Decreased Number of Measurements." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 5632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185632.
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This paper presents an empirical approach to design ideal workplaces using the PMV-PPD (predicted mean vote–predicted percentage dissatisfied) method set in ISO 7730 in terms of thermal comfort. The key concept behind our method is that the overall employee satisfaction might be improved if they can select the most suitable desk based on their personal comfort preferences. To support desk sharing, we designed a comfort map toolkit, which can visualize the distribution of comfort parameters within office spaces. The article describes the steps to create comfort maps with methods already widely used, as well as a new one developed by our research team, including the measurement procedures and the theoretical background required.
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Shaeri, Jalil, Mahmood Yaghoubi, Ardalan Aflaki, and Amin Habibi. "Evaluation of Thermal Comfort in Traditional Houses in a Tropical Climate." Buildings 8, no. 9 (September 9, 2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings8090126.
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A considerable amount of energy is being consumed for heating and cooling indoor environments in order to provide thermal comfort. For older buildings located in the southern parts of Iran, particularly in Bushehr, many climatic and passive design strategies are being used to provide indoor thermal comfort. This architecture and these elements have been developed in response to unfavorable weather conditions. The current study aimed to identify those passive elements and evaluate indoor thermal comfort in older houses. To achieve these objectives, passive elements in main houses located in the ancient urban structure were first identified. Then, a house in the coastal belt, Tabib’s house, and another house inside the ancient urban structure, Nozari’s house, were selected for the purpose of field measurement. The results revealed that the passive techniques used in these older houses significantly provide sufficient indoor thermal conditions. The mean measured predicted mean vote (PMV) of Tabib’s rooms was 0.88 and the mean measured PMV of Nozari’s rooms was 0.91, which were in an acceptable range. The measured predicted percentage of dissatisfied of rooms in both houses were lower than 10%. The main factor in creating indoor thermal comfort in these houses was the natural ventilation and its availability in the selected houses.
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Sugiono, Sugiono, Ryan Fardian, and Oyong Novareza. "Thermal comfort study of plastics manufacturing industry in converting process." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 26, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 401–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2017.26.3.39.
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Thermal comfort is one of ergonomics factors that can create a significant impact to workers performance. For a better thermal comfort, several environment factors (air temperature, wind speed and relative humidity) should be considered in this research. The object of the study is a building for converting process of plastics manufacturing industry located in Malang, Indonesia. The maximum air temperature inside the building can reach as high as 36°C. The result of this study shows that heat stress is dominantly caused by heat source from machine and wall building. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is used to show the air characteristic through inside the building. By using the CFD simulation, some scenarios of solution are successfully presented. Employees thermal comfort was investigated based on predicted mean vote model (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied model (PPD). Existing condition gives PMV in range from 1.83 to 2.82 and PPD in range from 68.9 to 98%. Meanwhile, modification of ventilation and replacing ceiling material from clear glass into reflective clear glass gave significant impact to reduce PMV into range from 1.63 to 2.18 and PPD into range from 58.2 to 84.2%. In sort, new design converting building process has more comfortable for workers.
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Al-Faris, Mahmoud, John Chiverton, David Ndzi, and Ahmed Isam Ahmed. "Vision Based Dynamic Thermal Comfort Control Using Fuzzy Logic and Deep Learning." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 4626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104626.
Full textAbstract:
A wide range of techniques exist to help control the thermal comfort of an occupant in indoor environments. A novel technique is presented here to adaptively estimate the occupant’s metabolic rate. This is performed by utilising occupant’s actions using computer vision system to identify the activity of an occupant. Recognized actions are then translated into metabolic rates. The widely used Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) thermal comfort index is computed using the adaptivey estimated metabolic rate value. The PMV is then used as an input to a fuzzy control system. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated using simulations of various activities. The integration of PMV thermal comfort index and action recognition system gives the opportunity to adaptively control occupant’s thermal comfort without the need to attach a sensor on an occupant all the time. The obtained results are compared with the results for the case of using one or two fixed metabolic rates. The included results appear to show improved performance, even in the presence of errors in the action recognition system.
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Farnham, Craig, and Jihui Yuan. "Possible Perception Bias in the Thermal Evaluation of Evaporation Cooling with a Misting Fan." Clean Technologies 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 183–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3010011.
Full textAbstract:
Mist evaporation cooling (MEC) is increasingly used as a low-energy means to improve thermal comfort in hot environments. However, the thermal sensation votes (TSV) often overshoot values of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) models. Evaluations of MEC may be affected by an expectation that mist feels cool or the “good subject” effect. Here, subjects are exposed to a misting fan and an identical fan without mist and asked which fan feels cooler. Unknown to the subjects, the misting fan has almost no cooling effect (about 0.4 K reduction in air temperature) and a hidden heater increased the temperature of the misting fan air flow, making it up to 1.6 K warmer than the fan without mist. Supplemental experiments told the subjects about the heater. Surveys of over 300 subjects when varying this misted air temperature showed a bias above random chance that people vote that a misting fan airflow was cooler, even when it was the same temperature or slightly warmer than the non-misting fan. It is possible that the expectation of cooling or good subject effect influences evaluations of mist. This effect should be considered in thermal comfort evaluations of mist cooling and in the deployment of MEC systems.
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Michalak, Piotr. "Selected Aspects of Indoor Climate in a Passive Office Building with a Thermally Activated Building System: A Case Study from Poland." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 7, 2021): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040860.
Full textAbstract:
Modern buildings with new heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems offer possibility to fit parameters of the indoor environment to the occupants’ requirements. The present paper describes the results of measurements performed in an office room in the first Polish passive commercial office building during four months of normal operation. They were used to calculate parameters describing thermal comfort: vertical air temperature profile, floor surface temperature, predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percent of dissatisfied (PPD). Obtained results confirmed good thermal conditions in the analysed room. The average temperature of the floor’s surface varied from 20.6 °C to 26.2 °C. The average vertical air temperature, calculated for working days, was from 22.5 °C to 23.1 °C. The temperature difference between the floor and 5 cm below the ceiling was from −0.9 °C to 6.3 °C. The PMV index varied from 0.52 to 1.50 indicating ‘slightly warm’ sensation, in spite of ‘neutral’ reported by employees. Also measured cooling and heating energy consumption was presented. The performed measurements confirmed the ability of thermally activated building system (TABS) to keep good thermal conditions.