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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Prediction Explanation'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Gordon, Richard Douglas. "Explanation and prediction in the labour process theory." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30583.

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The view that large-scale, long-range social theories cannot be predictive other than "in principle" is sufficiently widespread as to be considered the orthodox view. It is widely held that, lacking this predictive quality, social theories are cut off from a crucial form of vindication enjoyed by the experimental sciences. Thus many would agree with Ryan's assessment that while with regard to large-scale social changes "long-range prediction is not in principle impossible," nonetheless as a matter of practical methodology such a goal is of "dubious value." The reason commonly proffered as to

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2

Bonawitz, Elizabeth R. (Elizabeth Robbin). "The rational child : theories and evidence in prediction, exploration, and explanation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47891.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2009.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 122-133).<br>In this thesis, rational Bayesian models and the Theory-theory are bridged to explore ways in which children can be described as Bayesian scientists. I investigate what it means for children to take a rational approach to processes that support learning. In particular, I present empirical studies that show children making rational predictions, exploration, and explanations. I test the claim that differences in prior beliefs or changes in t

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Watson, Jason Paul 1971. "Explanation and prediction of curious experimental phenomena in lasers and nonlinear optics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282875.

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Experimental data often contains curious and unexplained results. In the course of experimental investigations of Raman shifting and the Co:MgF₂ laser, results were obtained which would not have been expected from the typical theoretical picture. In the case of Raman shifting, the forward Stokes conversion was found to depend upon the pump bandwidth. Numerical modeling suggests that coupling between the Stokes directions may be the root cause of the phenomena. In the case of the Co:MgF₂ laser, the laser output was observed to have large amounts of spectral structure. This amount of structure s

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4

Haar, D. H. "Formalised modelling of action theory in the explanation of crime for prediction, deduction and intervention." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599815.

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This dissertation proposes an original approach to theory of action in psychological and sociological criminology, i.e. to theory explaining the causation of human wilful behaviour at great abstraction through the information processing conducted by each individual human agent. It is argued that the model presented in this dissertation, the so-called Minimal Model of Action, is more theoretically comprehensive than prior familiar approaches originating in various related fields, in particular through its integration of both rational and habitual aspects of behaviour in a unified causal argumen

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5

McKay, William L. "Hope and suicide resilience in the prediction and explanation of suicidality experiences in university students." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456285751&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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6

Olofsson, Nina. "A Machine Learning Ensemble Approach to Churn Prediction : Developing and Comparing Local Explanation Models on Top of a Black-Box Classifier." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210565.

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Churn prediction methods are widely used in Customer Relationship Management and have proven to be valuable for retaining customers. To obtain a high predictive performance, recent studies rely on increasingly complex machine learning methods, such as ensemble or hybrid models. However, the more complex a model is, the more difficult it becomes to understand how decisions are actually made. Previous studies on machine learning interpretability have used a global perspective for understanding black-box models. This study explores the use of local explanation models for explaining the individual

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Hasan, Rakebul. "Prédire les performances des requêtes et expliquer les résultats pour assister la consommation de données liées." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4082/document.

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Prédire les performances des requêtes et expliquer les résultats pour assister la consommation de données liées. Notre objectif est d'aider les utilisateurs à comprendre les performances d'interrogation SPARQL, les résultats de la requête, et dérivations sur les données liées. Pour aider les utilisateurs à comprendre les performances des requêtes, nous fournissons des prévisions de performances des requêtes sur la base de d’historique de requêtes et d'apprentissage symbolique. Nous n'utilisons pas de statistiques sur les données sous-jacentes à nos prévisions. Ce qui rend notre approche approp

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8

Rawstorne, Patrick. "A systematic analysis of the theory of reasoned action, the theory of planned behaviour and the technology acceptance model when applied to the prediction and explanation of information systems use in mandatory usage contexts." Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060815.154410/index.html.

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9

Bantegnie, Brice. "Eliminating propositional attitudes concepts." Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0020.

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Dans cette thèse je défends l'élimination des concepts d'attitudes propositionnelles. Dans le premier chapitre, je présente les thèses éliminativistes en philosophie de l'esprit et des sciences cognitives contemporaines. Il y a deux types d'éliminativisme: le matérialisme éliminatif et l'éliminativisme des concepts. Il est possible d'éliminer les concepts soit des théories naïves soit des théories scientifiques. L'éliminativisme à propos des concepts d'attitudes propositionnelles que je défends requière le second type d'élimination. Dans les trois chapitres suivants je donne trois arguments en

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10

Lonjarret, Corentin. "Sequential recommendation and explanations." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2021LYSEI003/these.pdf.

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Ces dernière années, les systèmes de recommandation ont reçu beaucoup d'attention avec l'élaboration de nombreuses propositions qui tirent parti des nouvelles avancées dans les domaines du Machine Learning et du Deep Learning. Grâce à l'automatisation de la collecte des données des actions des utilisateurs tels que l'achat d'un objet, le visionnage d'un film ou le clic sur un article de presse, les systèmes de recommandation ont accès à de plus en plus d'information. Ces données sont des retours implicites des utilisateurs (appelé «~implicit feedback~» en anglais) et permettent de conserver l'

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11

Löfström, Helena. "Time to Open the Black Box : Explaining the Predictions of Text Classification." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för bibliotek, information, pedagogik och IT, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-14194.

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The purpose of this thesis has been to evaluate if a new instance based explanation method, called Automatic Instance Text Classification Explanator (AITCE), could provide researchers with insights about the predictions of automatic text classification and decision support about documents requiring human classification. Making it possible for researchers, that normally use manual classification, to cut time and money in their research, with the maintained quality. In the study, AITCE was implemented and applied to the predictions of a black box classifier. The evaluation was performed at two l

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Reitzel-Jaffe, Deborah D. "Predicting relationship abuse, a structural equation model analysis of a social learning explanation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ28518.pdf.

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13

McGrath, Shelly Ann. "Structural Explanations, Need, Or Rurality: Predicting Availability Of Domestic Violence Emergency Services." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/53.

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Domestic violence occurs throughout the United States and has been cited as a major social and health problem, yet most studies have not focused on domestic violence in rural areas. In order to understand if rural women are able to receive the services they need, I propose to answer five research questions using data from Illinois: (1) Does the availability of services for victims of domestic violence vary by the degree of rurality of the county? (2) Are measures of social disorganization (poverty, racial heterogeneity, and residential stability) at the county level correlated with the availa

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McGrath, Shelly A. "Structural explanations, need, or rurality : predicting the availability of domestic violence emergency services /." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1879034001&sid=17&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2009.<br>"Department of Sociology." Keywords: Domestic violence, Emergency services, Rural. Includes bibliographical references (p. 202-217). Also available online.

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Lattouf, Mouzeina. "Assessment of Predictive Models for Improving Default Settings in Streaming Services." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284482.

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Streaming services provide different settings where customers can choose a sound and video quality based on personal preference. The majority of users never make an active choice; instead, they get a default quality setting which is chosen automatically for them based on some parameters, like internet connection quality. This thesis explores personalising the default audio setting, intending to improve the user experience. It achieves this by leveraging machine learning trained on the fraction of users that have made active choices in changing the quality setting. The assumption that user simi

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16

Hedström, Anna. "Explainable Artificial Intelligence : How to Evaluate Explanations of Deep Neural Network Predictions using the Continuity Test." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281279.

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With a surging appetite to leverage deep learning models as means to enhance decisionmaking, new requirements for interpretability are set. Renewed research interest has thus been found within the machine learning community to develop explainability methods that can estimate the influence of a given input feature to the prediction made by a model. Current explainability methods of deep neural networks have nonetheless shown to be far from fault-proof and the question of how to properly evaluate explanations has largely remained unsolved. In this thesis work, we have taken a deep look into how

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Walsh, Emma. "Predicting the impact of health states on well-being : explanations and remedies for biased judgments." Thesis, City, University of London, 2009. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/18257/.

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Affective forecasting research has demonstrated that people overestimate the impact of health states on both their own happiness and other peoples’ happiness, resulting in a disparity between a healthy sample’s predictions and the actual well-being of people living with that health state. The aim of this thesis was to explore these judgments, examine proposed explanations for the bias, and test existing and new methods for improving the accuracy. Using questionnaires, respondents predicted the impact of health states on either their own or on other peoples’ well-being. No actual difference was

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18

Su, Susan Chih-Wen. "Female property crime offenders: Explanations from economic marginalization perspective." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2673.

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This research explores whether women offenders who committed property crimes suffer from feminization of poverty, and social deprivations as asserted by the economic marginalization theory. Social deprivations include being a single parent with dependent children at home, being the main financial supporter of a household and being primary caretaker to minor children.

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19

"Harnessing Teamwork in Networks: Prediction, Optimization, and Explanation." Doctoral diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.51637.

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abstract: Teams are increasingly indispensable to achievements in any organizations. Despite the organizations' substantial dependency on teams, fundamental knowledge about the conduct of team-enabled operations is lacking, especially at the {\it social, cognitive} and {\it information} level in relation to team performance and network dynamics. The goal of this dissertation is to create new instruments to {\it predict}, {\it optimize} and {\it explain} teams' performance in the context of composite networks (i.e., social-cognitive-information networks). Understanding the dynamic mechanisms t

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20

Cornelius, Chelsea Ann. "Development of beliefs about chance and luck." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4900.

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Children ages 5 and 8 dropped a marble into a box and made predictions about which of two doors the marble would exit. Participants provided explanations and certainty ratings for each of their predictions. A lucky charm was used in a second round of the game, in which half of participants experienced an increase in success and half did not. Results indicated that older children were more cognizant of the chance nature of the game, however both age groups exhibited misconceptions about the predictability of chance outcomes. When asked to explain their overall success in Round 2, only 8 year-o

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21

HE, XUE-FENG, and 何雪鳳. "An Application of the Prediction- Observation- Explanation Strategy to the Biochar Subject." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80444784887912805473.

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碩士<br>環球科技大學<br>觀光與生態旅遊系環境資源管理碩士班<br>104<br>This research uses Quasi-experimental methods to execute a biochar course for fifth grade elementary school students by experimental activities and assessment of POE (Prediction- Observation – Explanation). The aim of this research is to investigate the learning effect of the fifth grade students after the biochar teaching activity. The Researcher directed an unequal post-test control group designed for two classes in a medium-size elementary school in Chiayi County. Class A is the experimental group and class B is the control group. Based on tea

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22

Stockwell, David. "Machine learning and the problem of prediction and explanation in ecological modelling." Phd thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/139553.

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23

Yang, Hui-Ting, and 楊惠婷. "Facilitating Preschoolers’ Conceptual Understanding about Gears: The Effect of the Prediction-Observation-Explanation（POE）Strategy." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8whqx2.

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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>幼兒保育系所<br>105<br>Many studies have found that playing building blocks can help to improve problem-solving skills and promote knowledge building. This study was conducted to examine the effects of the building blocks course embedded the prediction, observation, and explanation model (POE) on facilitating the preschoolers’ acquisition of gear concepts. The preschoolers’ alternative conceptions of gears after the treatments were also investigated. 60 preschoolers were recruited and randomly assigned into either an experimental group or a control group. The former received the bu

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Kuo, Chia-Yu, and 郭家諭. "Explainable Risk Prediction System for Child Abuse Event by Individual Feature Attribution and Counterfactual Explanation." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yp2nr3.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>統計學研究所<br>107<br>There always have a trade-off: Performance or Interpretability. The complex model, such as ensemble learning can achieve outstanding prediction accuracy. However, it is not easy to interpret the complex model. Understanding why a model made a prediction help us to trust the black-box model, and also help users to make decisions. This work plans to use the techniques of explainable machine learning to develop the appropriate model for empirical data with high prediction and good interpretability. In this study, we use the data provided by Taipei City Center for

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Jo-Yu, Huang, and 黃若瑜. "Cognitive Style and Prior Knowledge Effect Study on Scientific Prediction, Simulation, Observation and Explanation Inquiry-Baed Learning Activity." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86542084063693838782.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>學習與教學研究所<br>104<br>Inquiry-based learning approach plays an important role in science education, and technology has demonstrated its potential on enhancing inquiry-based learning performance. In this study,the author integrates simulation technology and POE (Prediction-Observation-Explanation)learning approach into a revised model named PSOE (Prediction-Simulation-Observation-Explanation). Sixty junior high school students were involved in this study lasting for seven weeks to evaluate the PSOE model. To provide the students a physical simulation environment,a platform, Algodoo

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26

Hochstein, Eric. "Intentionality as Methodology." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6530.

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In this dissertation, I examine the role that intentional descriptions play in our scientific study of the mind. Behavioural scientists often use intentional language in their characterization of cognitive systems, making reference to “beliefs”, “representations”, or “states of information”. What is the scientific value gained from employing such intentional terminology? I begin the dissertation by contrasting intentional descriptions with mechanistic descriptions, as these are the descriptions most commonly used to provide explanations in the behavioural sciences. I then examine the way that

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KU, PING, and 谷冰. "The Comparison of Design Experimental Course and Micro Teaching of Prediction - Observation - More Explanation Teaching Strategy by Different Background Graduate Students." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3z467m.

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碩士<br>國立臺北教育大學<br>自然科學教育學系<br>106<br>This study with adopted mixed methods of quality and quantity research explores the effect of Prediction - Observation - more Explanation (PO+E) method learned by graduate students of different backgrounds on the ability of experiment design, micro teaching, scientific explanation, and scientific inquiry. 14 graduate students (including 7 in-service teachers and 7 non-service teachers) taking the course of Advanced Entomology in the Department of Science Education were selected. During the course, graduate students first study the general concept of entomol

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HUANG, YI-SHENG, and 黃奕升. "Elementary Pre-Service Teachers Apply a Prediction-Observation-More Explanation to Design Science Lesson Plans and Teach in the Elementary School." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wpbnc9.

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碩士<br>國立臺北教育大學<br>自然科學教育學系<br>107<br>This study supported 24 elementary pre-service teachers to design science lesson plans using a Prediction-Observation-more Explanation (PO+E Teaching method), and the "Natural science teaching materials and methods" course in the Department of Science Education provided the training. A mixed method research design was used comprising Quantitative and qualitative research. First, elementary pre-service teachers were instructed in using the PO+E Teaching method and watched case films to see how it could be used (3 weeks). Second, elementary pre-service teache

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"Predicting and Interpreting Students Performance using Supervised Learning and Shapley Additive Explanations." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53452.

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abstract: Due to large data resources generated by online educational applications, Educational Data Mining (EDM) has improved learning effects in different ways: Students Visualization, Recommendations for students, Students Modeling, Grouping Students, etc. A lot of programming assignments have the features like automating submissions, examining the test cases to verify the correctness, but limited studies compared different statistical techniques with latest frameworks, and interpreted models in a unified approach. In this thesis, several data mining algorithms have been applied to analyz

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