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Speakman, Jennifer J. "Psychological and Behavioral Predictor of Adolescent Substance Use." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1249860380.
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Lazar, Kathryn A. "Current life engagement factors as a predictor of elder life satisfaction." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000lazark.pdf.
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Rippon, Wendy Leigh. "Age as a Predictor of Factors Involved in Targeted School Violence." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3467.
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Targeted school violence (TSV) in the United States is increasing, causing a loss of innocent lives and challenges for teachers and students in building rapport. In addition, TSV increases levels of anxiety and makes it difficult for parents and community members to believe students are safe while at school. Several studies have highlighted the fact that age may be a factor in school shootings, calling for future research to determine if age is indeed influential. The problem is to date age has not been established as a predictive factor, even though the extant research is beginning to identify possible variances. Guided by general strain theory and ceremonial violence, this study determined statistical significance between age and select variables in the personal, event, and ecological categories. This information could be illuminating to educators, mental health professionals, and law enforcement for threat assessment purposes. The information was gathered on all TSV members within the United States from 1966 to 2015 through archival data, and the data were analyzed using logistic regression, Pearson's correlation, and Spearman's correlation. Results indicated that, as age increases, the offenders are more likely to have a higher social status, have a mental health and criminal history, carry out their act in the afternoon, and choose a knife as a weapon. In addition, older offenders are less likely to be students and less likely to have been bullied. Implications for social change include modifications to current threat assessment protocol regarding weapon choice and previous mental health or criminal history, which could be utilized to change public policy for mandatory reporting of students identified as at risk. Also, younger offenders are being bullied more often than older offenders and this could add more awareness to antibullying program procedure and earlier mental health intervention.
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Kitzman, Heather E. "Family factors as a predictor of weight change in obese adolescent females." Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1430296.
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Thesis (M.A. in Psychology)--S.M.U.Title from PDF title page (viewed July 9, 2007). Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 44-03, page: 1509. Adviser: Robert Hampson. Includes bibliographical references.
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Bishop, Keith Allan. "Predictor Variables Related To Falls In A Long-Term Care Environment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9717.
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Although a great deal is known about the etiology of falls in elderly individuals, fall accidents continue to represent a significant burden to elders residing in long-term care facilities. It has been stated that 75% of deaths due to falls in the United States occur in the 13% of the population age 65 and over. The first objective of the study was to identify which fall-predictor variables acknowledged in the research literature are associated with increased fall frequency with the older population. Identifying specific predictor variables related to a high occurrence of falls in long-term care setting can assist in the redesign of tools and programs aimed to recognize fall risk, and prevent fall-related accidents and fatalities in the geriatric population. The second objective of the study was to identify which combination of predictor variables could better predict the frequency of falls.
A history of falls variable was the only predictive variable that differed significantly between groups of residents who had sustained subsequent falls and those who had not. Other variables including age, mental status, day number of stay, elimination, visual impairment, confinement, blood pressure drop, gait and balance, and medication were found to not be statistically significant between groups of fallers and non-fallers. In this setting, the current design of the tool had limited accuracy and exhibited an inability to effectively discriminate between resident populations at risk of falling and those not at risk of falling. Consequently, the current fall risk assessment tool is not adequate for assessing fall risk in this clinical setting.Master of Science
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Weigand, Daniel A. (Daniel Arthur). "Validity of the Health Belief Model as a Predictor of Activity in Younger and Older Adults." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500472/.
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The present investigation assessed Health Belief Model (HBM) variables and a measure of physical activity for both younger and older adults. Results of discriminant analyses suggest HBM variables and physical activity can predict age-group membership with 89% accuracy. The younger sample (n = 88; M= 21.5 years) was significantly more anxious about aging, perceived more barriers to exercise, less control from powerful others, and more social support than the older sample (n = 56; M = 71.8 years). For the younger sample, those who perceived more benefits of exercise, had social support, were male, and were less anxious about aging were more active. For the older sample, those who perceived more benefits of exercise were more likely to be active.
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Zaleski, Stephanie A. "Factors Predicting Weight Loss in Females After Gastric Bypass Surgery." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1289946728.
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Healey, Amanda Christel. "Father Absence and Early Family Composition as a Predictor of Menarcheal Onset: Psychosocial and Familial Factors That are Associated with Pubertal Timing." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2172.
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Father absence and the introduction of a stepfather before menarche have been shown to contribute to the early onset of menarche. The present study analyzes the effects of father absence situations that tend to result on the onset of menarche. Presence of a related male in a father-absent homes is also considered as a protective factor for menarcheal onset. Participants consisted of 342 female students enrolled in undergraduate work at a southeastern university. The mean age of participants was 20.7 years. Participants completed a survey consisting of 12 questions pertaining to their family environment before menarche. Participants were asked to give their age at first menarche in years and months. Results indicted a significant difference in menarcheal age between those from homes where both biological parents were present and those where the biological father was absent before menarche. No other significant results were found. Implications for future research discussed.
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Froehner, Michael, Stefan Propping, Rainer Koch, Manfred P. Wirth, Angelika Borkowetz, Dorothea Liebeheim, Marieta Toma, and Gustavo B. Baretton. "Is the Post-Radical Prostatectomy Gleason Score a Valid Predictor of Mortality after Neoadjuvant Hormonal Treatment?" Karger, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70594.
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Purpose: To evaluate the validity of the Gleason score after neoadjuvant hormonal treatment as predictor of diseasespecific mortality after radical prostatectomy. Patients and Methods: A total of 2,880 patients with a complete data set and a mean follow-up of 10.3 years were studied; 425 of them (15%) had a history of hormonal treatment prior to surgery. The cumulative incidence of deaths from prostate cancer was determined by univariate and multivariate competing risk analysis. Cox proportional hazard models for competing risks were used to study combined effects of the variables on prostate cancer-specific mortality. Results: A higher portion of specimens with a history of neoadjuvant hormonal treatment were assigned Gleason scores of 8–10 (28 vs. 17%, p < 0.0001). The mortality curves in the Gleason score strata <8 vs. 8–10 were at large congruent in patients with and without neoadjuvant hormonal treatment. In patients with neoadjuvant hormonal treatment, a Gleason score of 8–10 was an independent predictor of prostate cancer-specific mortality; the hazard ratio was, however, somewhat lower than in patients without neoadjuvant hormonal treatment. Conclusion: This study suggests that the prognostic value of the post-radical prostatectomy Gleason score is not meaningfully jeopardized by heterogeneous neoadjuvant hormonal treatment in a routine clinical setting.
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Henderson, Sally. "Attachment security as a predictor of blood glucose control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, when the roles of additional psychological factors are considered." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4915.
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Introduction: Key studies have found an association between attachment style and poor diabetes outcomes in the adult diabetic populations. Specifically insecure attachment has been found to predict elevated glycated haemoglobin levels (HbA1c). Further studies have indicated that substance use and mental health difficulties also influence HbA1c. These factors have been looked at individually making it difficult to directly assess the overall effect of attachment on HbA1c and the potential mediating effects of substance use and mental health. The adolescent population has not been considered in studies examining these relationships. This study compares attachment security, level of substance use, interpersonal problems, anxiety and depression in relation to their role in blood glucose control in an adolescent population with Type 1 diabetes. Method: A quantitative, cross sectional, questionnaire design was employed to examine the role of the aforementioned factors in relation to HbA1c level. The target population included all patients aged 14 years to 18 years, inclusive, who attended for review at Diabetes Clinics across Lothian. Participants had a diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes for at least one year and no additional diagnoses of mental health disorder or other chronic condition. At the clinic patients were approached and asked to complete a set of self report questionnaires. Measures of attachment were adapted versions of the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ) and the Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ). Interpersonal problems were assessed using the short version of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-32). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) assessed levels of anxiety and depression. The Adolescent Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory- A2 (SASSI-A2) was used to measure substance use. Blood glucose levels (HbA1c%) were obtained from clinic staff. A total of 88 participants returned completed questionnaires (response rate 79.3%). Results: When all correlations between predictors and HbA1c were examined, a negative correlation was found between attachment and HbA1c level. A positive correlation was found between anxiety and HbA1c level. Multiple regression analyses examined the relationship between attachment security and HbA1c before analysing additional predictors in the same model. No significant relationships emerged however the multiple regression model was not a significant fit for the data. Path Analysis considered all relationships between variables simultaneously while also providing information on how the model fits the data. Attachment security directly related to HbA1c levels when the contributions of gender, interpersonal problems and substance use were considered. Anxiety and depression did not predict HbA1c nor did they contribute to any other relationships with HbA1c. Interpersonal problems had a direct relationship with HbA1c when the contribution of substance use and attachment were considered. Conclusion: Attachment predicts HbA1c. The nature of this relationship is further understood when the contribution of additional psychological variables are considered. Methodological issues, clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Ávila, Márcio Costa Silveira de. "Fatores associados à qualidade de vida em tabagistas : efeitos da ansiedade e da depressão." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/110195.
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Introdução: A qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) pode estar comprometida em tabagistas, porém os fatores associados com esta redução ainda não são bem conhecidos. Objetivo: Estudar os fatores associados com a QVRS em tabagistas. Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu pacientes sequenciais em avaliação para parar de fumar. Dados clínicos e história tabágica foram coletados na consulta médica. Sintomas de depressão e de ansiedade foram avaliados através dos inventários de depressão de Beck (BDI) e de ansiedade de Beck (BAI), respectivamente. A QVRS foi avaliada através do Short-Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire. Resultados: Um total de 299 tabagistas, com 53,7 ± 9,9 anos foi incluído. Destes, 66,2% eram mulheres. Os valores basais dos escores do BDI e do BAI foram 14,6±10,1 e 16,5±11,9, respectivamente. Depressão foi diagnosticada em 55,9% e ansiedade em 30,1% dos pacientes. A QVRS mostrou-se comprometida nos tabagistas, sendo os piores escores observados no domínio aspectos emocionais. Os principais fatores associados com os diferentes domínios do SF-36 foram os escores do BAI (r=-0,448 a r=-0,572; p<0,01), do BDI (r=-0,405 a r=-0,627; p<0,01) e o número de comorbidades (r=-0,157 a r=-0,319; p<0,01). A QVRS piorou significativamente com o aumento dos níveis de ansiedade e de depressão. Na análise multivariada tanto a ansiedade como os sintomas depressivos e o número de comorbidades permaneceram como preditores importantes de QVRS na maioria dos domínios do SF-36. Conclusões: A QVRS está comprometida em pacientes tabagistas, estando associada com os níveis de ansiedade e de depressão, assim como com o número de comorbidades.Background: The quality of life related to health (QLRH) may be impaired in smokers, but the factors associated with this reduction are not well known. Aim: To study the factors associated with reduced QLRH in smokers. Methods: Cross-sectional study that included consecutive patients undergoing evaluation for quitting smoking. Smoking history and clinical data were collected during the medical visit. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were determined using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively. The QLRH was assessed using the Short-Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire. Results: A total of 299 smokers, age 53.7 ± 9.9 years, was studied. Of these, 66.2% were women. Baseline BDI and BAI scores were 14.6 ± 10.1 and 16.5 ± 11.9, respectively. Depression was detected in 55.9% and anxiety in 30.1% of the patients. QLRH was compromised in smokers, with the worst scores observed in the emotional domain. The main factors associated with the different domains of the SF-36 were the BAI scores (r=-0.448 to r=-0.572, p<0.01), BDI scores (r=-0.405 to r=-0.627, p<0.01) and number of comorbidities (r=-0.157 to r=-0.319, p<0.01). QLRH worsened significantly with the increase of anxiety and depression levels. In multivariate analysis anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as comorbidities, remained as important predictors of QLRH in most domains of the SF-36. Conclusions: QLRH is reduced in smokers, being associated with the levels of anxiety and depression, as well as with the number of comorbidities.
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Barros, Regis Eric Maia. "Re-internações psiquiátricas - influência de variáveis sócio-demográficas, clínicas e de modalidades de tratamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17148/tde-12112012-225207/.
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As reinternações psiquiátricas são consequência de uma complexa combinação de situações que vão além da severidade do próprio transtorno mental. Vários fatores relacionados ao paciente, comunidade e ao sistema de saúde têm sido associados com admissões psiquiátricas recorrentes. A Reforma Psiquiátrica determinou uma mudança da base assistencial fortalecendo modalidades de tratamento comunitário. Neste contexto, a análise das readmissões assumiu um papel de destaque para a organização das redes de saúde mental, pois a dinâmica das re-internações poderá ser um indicador de qualidade dos serviços hospitalares e comunitários possibilitando a compreensão das relações entre estes serviços. Como a região de Ribeirão Preto passou a enfrentar problemas pelo aumento do número de internações e pela falta de leitos psiquiátricos disponíveis para admissão de novos pacientes, organizamos esta pesquisa objetivando verificar eventuais mudanças nas características clínicas e sócio-demográficas dos pacientes admitidos pela primeira vez além de analisar possíveis fatores preditores de re-internações psiquiátricas. Nesse estudo, todos os pacientes admitidos nos serviços de internação entre os anos de 2000 e 2007 foram analisados utilizando banco de dados único criado para a pesquisa de modo que todas as admissões e readmissões do período pudessem ser estudadas. A análise dos pacientes internados no decorrer dos anos foi realizada utilizando a razão dos pacientes em relação ao ano índice para cada variável e com análise bivariada utilizando o teste do qui-quadrado. Para analisar o risco de readmissão, foi utilizada regressão logística para estimar as razões de risco relativo com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança. A análise do tempo entre a primeira e a segunda internação (readmissão) foi executada com curvas de sobrevivência. Durante o período estudado, 6.261 pacientes foram admitidos sendo verificado aumento na proporção de pacientes com algumas características sócio-demográficas (jovens, idosos e inativos profissionalmente) e clínicas (internações breves e com diagnósticos de transtornos depressivos, transtornos de personalidade e os transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas). Cerca de 1/3 dos pacientes admitidos sofreram readmissões durante o estudo e os principais preditores para re-internação foram faixas etárias menores, internações prolongadas e diagnósticos transtornos psicóticos e afetivos bipolares. O risco de re-internação precoce esteve relacionado com fatores de desproteção social (menor faixa etária e ausência de vínculos conjugais e ocupacionais) e de gravidade clínica (diagnósticos mais severos, tempo de permanência prolongado e internação nas enfermarias do hospital geral e do hospital psiquiátrico). Nossos dados alcançaram os objetivos propostos e novas pesquisas são necessárias para definição de preditores pera re-internações, pois usuários frequentes do sistema hospitalar geram custos para a rede de saúde. Portanto, as políticas de saúde mental devem priorizar estes pacientes.Psychiatric readmissions are mainly due to a complex combination of factors which go beyond the mental illness itself. Several factors associated to the patient, community and health care system have been associated to recurrent psychiatric admissions. The Psychiatric Reform has determined a shift in the basic services strengthening community treatment modalities. In this context, re-admission analyses have taken a major role in organizing mental health networks, because the dynamics of re-admissions could be an indicator of the quality of the hospital and community-based services offered allowing a better understanding of the relations between these services. As the Ribeirão Preto region has suffered from the increase of admissions and the lack of beds in psychiatric wards, we organized this research aiming at verifying possible changes in the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients admitted for the first time besides analyzing possible factors for re-admissions. In this study, all patients admitted to psychiatric wards between 2000 and 2007 were analyzed using a single data base created for this research so that all admissions and re-admissions during the period could be studied. The hospitalized patients analysis along the years was accomplished using the ratio patient/index year for each variable and through a bivariant analysis using the chi-square test. In order to analyze the re-admission risk, logistic regression was used to evaluate the relative risk reasons with their respective confidence interval. Analysis of the time between first and second admission (re-admission) was made according to survival curves. During the time under study, 6.261 patients were admitted. It occurred an increase in the proportion of patients with some socio-demographic (young and elderly people clinically affected as well as professionally inactive) and clinical characteristics (short stays due to depressive, personality and psychoactive substance abuse diagnostics). About 1/3 of admitted patients went through a re-admission during the research and the main predictors for re-admission were: younger age group, prolonged length of stay in hospitals and psychotic or bipolar affective disorder diagnoses. Precocious re-admission risk was related to a lack of social protection (younger age group and absence of occupational and marital bonds) as well as the clinical seriousness (more severe dignoses, longer stay in hospital (general or psychiatric). Our data has reached the proposed goals but new researches are needed in order to define better the re-admission predictors, because frequent users of the health care system entail higher costs. Therefore, mental health policies must prioritize these patients.
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Erra, Duran Mª Alba. "Factores predictores de la respuesta clínica al tratamiento con fármacos biológicos en la artritis reumatoide." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458636.
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Objetivo: El objetivo principal de nuestro estudio fue identificar los predictores de remisión y baja actividad (LDA) mantenida valorada por los diferentes índices de respuesta terapéutica en una cohorte de pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR) que recibían tratamiento con fármacos biológicos. Los objetivos secundarios fueron determinar los factores de remisión y LDA mantenida para los diferentes fármacos anti-TNFα: adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA) and infliximab (INF). Determinar los factores de remisión y LDA mantenida para el tratamiento con tocilizumab (TCZ) y definir perfiles de pacientes que permitan identificar subgrupos de pacientes candidatos a alcanzar la remisión o la baja actividad mantenida tras el tratamiento con infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab y tocilizumab.
Pacientes y métodos: Realizamos un estudio restrospectivo en una cohorte de pacientes con AR activa a pesar de recibir tratamiento con fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad (DMARDs) que iniciaron tratamiento con fármacos anti-TNFα (ETA, INF, ADA) o anti-IL6 (TCZ). Se incluyeron a todos los pacientes que alcanzaron como mínimo las 12 semanas de seguimiento. Se recogieron las características basales de los pacientes y las valoraciones clínicas realizadas cada 3 meses y la capacidad funcional con el Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). La actividad de la enfermedad a las 12, 24 y 48 semanas se evaluó con diferentes medidas de respuesta: índices DAS28, CDAI y SDAI, respuestas EULAR y ACR, valores de la VSG y la capacidad funcional con el HAQ. Se definió remisión-LDA mantenida si el paciente alcanzaba la remisión-LDA en el índice DAS28, el índice CDAI, la buena-moderada respuesta EULAR, la respuesta ACR 70-50, valores de la VSG≤50 o HAQ≤1.5 y la mantuvieran durante las 48 semanas de seguimiento o durante los últimos seis meses. El efecto de las características basales en la respuesta terapéutica se evaluó utilizando un estudio de regresión multivariante.
Resultados: En nuestro estudio observamos que una menor discapacidad a la semana basal fue el predictor de remisión-LDA mantenida en pacientes tratados con terapias biológicas y en los pacientes tratados con fármacos anti-TNFα. Un menor número de articulaciones dolorosas (NAD) a la semana basal fue el predictor de remisión-LDA en pacientes tratados con terapias biológicas y en pacientes tratados con ETA. Unos menores valores basales de la VSG fue el predictor de remisión-LDA mantenida en pacientes tratados con terapias biológicas, ETA e INF. Un menor número de DMARDs previos fue el predictor de remisión-LDA mantenida en pacientes tratados con INF, el tratamiento concomitante con DMARDs fue el predictor de remisión-LDA mantenida en pacientes tratados con TCZ y un menor daño estructural fue el predictor de remisión-LDA en pacientes tratados con terapias biológicas.
Conclusiones: En nuestra serie de pacientes con artritis reumatoide que han recibido tratamiento con terapias biológicas, los predictores de remisión-LDA mantenida fueron una menor discapacidad a la semana basal, un menor NAD, el tratamiento concomitante con DMARDs, un menor valor basal VSG y la ausencia de erosiones óseas. Los predictores de remisión-LDA mantenida en el tratamiento de ETA fueron una menor discapacidad a la semana basal, un menor NAD y un menor valor basal de la VSG. En el tratamiento con INF fueron un menor valor basal de VSG, una menor discapacidad a la semana basal y un menor número de DMARDs previos. En el tratamiento con ADA fue una menor discapacidad a la semana basal. El único predictor de remisión-LDA mantenida en el tratamiento con TCZ fue tratamiento concomitante con DMARDs. El paciente que con mayor probabilidad alcanzará la remisión-LDA mantenida con el tratamiento de ETA será un paciente que a la semana basal presente una mínima afectación de la capacidad funcional, un menor NAD y una VSG normal. El paciente que con mayor probabilidad alcanzará la remisión-LDA mantenida con el tratamiento de INF será un paciente que a la semana basal presente un valor VSG globular en el rango inferior de la normalidad, una mínima afectación de la capacidad funcional y un menor número de DMARDs previos. El paciente que con mayor probabilidad alcanzará la remisión-LDA mantenida con el tratamiento de ADA será un paciente que a la semana basal presente una mínima afectación de la capacidad funcional. El paciente que con mayor probabilidad alcanzará la remisión-LDA con el tratamiento de TCZ será un paciente que reciba tratamiento combinado con DMARDs.Objective. The primary outcome of this study was to identify predictors of maintained remission and low disease activity (remission-LDA) measured by different response parameters in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with biological therapies. The secondary outcomes were identify predictors of maintained remission-LDA to anti-TNFα therapies: adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA) and infliximab (INF). Identify predictors of maintained remission-LDA to anti-IL-6 therapy: tocilizumab (TCZ). Define candidate patient to reach the maintained remission-LDA with treatment of infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab and tocilizumab Patients and methods. We have performed a retrospective study in a cohort of RA patients with active disease despite treatment with DMARDs who started treatment with TNF-α o anti-IL-6 inhibitors drugs. We included all patients with RA who had started ETA, INF, ADA or TCZ and which had achieved a minimum of 12 week follow-up. Baseline patient’s characteristics and standard assessments were done every 3 months, including clinical and biological parameters and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). The disease status at the baseline and at 12 weeks, 24 weeks and 48 weeks was assessed using the DAS28, CDAI and SDAI index, EULAR and ACR response, ESR and HAQ. We defined a maintained remission-LDA if patients achieved DAS28-remission-LDA, CDAI-remission-LDA, good-moderate EULAR response, ACR70-ACR50 response, ESR≤50 or HAQ≤1,5 and maintained them all the follow-up (48 weeks) or during the last 6 month. The effect of baseline characteristics on therapeutic response was studied using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Results. In our study we found that a lower baseline HAQ score was the predictor of maintained remission or low disease activity in patients treated with biological therapies and in patients treated with anti-TNFα therapies. Less number of tender joint counts (TJC) at baseline was the predictor of maintained remission-LDA in patients treated with biological therapies and patients treated with ETA. Low rate in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was the predictor of maintained remission-LDA in patients treated with biological therapies and patients treated with ETA and INF group. Less number of previous DMARDs was the predictor of maintained remission-LDA in patients treated with INF, and current use of DMARDs, the predictor maintained remission-LDA in patients treated with TCZ and absence of erosions was the predictor of maintained remission-LDA in patients treated with biological therapies. Conclusions. Predictors of maintained remission-LDA in the patients treated with biological therapies were: a lower baseline HAQ score, less number of tender joint counts (TJC), current use of DMARDs, low rate in (ESR), and absence of erosions. Predictors of maintained remission-LDA in the patients treated with ETA were a lower baseline HAQ score, less number of TJC and low rate in ESR. Predictors of maintained remission-LDA in the patients treated with INF were: low rate in ESR, a lower baseline HAQ score and less number of previous DMARDs. Predictor of maintained remission-LDA in the patients treated with ADA was a lower baseline HAQ score. Predictor of maintained remission-LDA in the patients treated with TCZ was current use of DMARDs. The patient with an increased likelihood of maintained remission and LDA in treatment with ETA was a patient with a lower baseline HAQ score, less number of TJC and low rate in ESR. The patient with an increased likelihood of remission and LDA in treatment with INF was a patient with a baseline lower rate in ESR, a lower baseline HAQ score and less number of previous DMARDs. The patient with an increased likelihood of remission and in treatment with ADA was a patient with a lower baseline HAQ score. The patient with an increased likelihood of remission and LDA in treatment with TCZ was a patient treated with current use of DMARDs
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Gaxiola, Romero José, Lugo Sandybell González, Hernández Zita Contreras, and Villa Eunice Gaxiola. "Predictors of academic achievement in adolescents with dispositions to resilience and non-resilience." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/102652.
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There are risk factors influencing academic achievement in high school adolescents that can be contextual and individual. Resilience is the ability of individuals to cope with challenging life experiences. The study aimed to prove an hypothetic model of structural equations in two groups of high school students, a dispositional resilience group and a non-dispositional resilience group, to assess the effects of contextual variables, goals and self-regulation on academic achievement. Results show differences in the variables that explain academic achievement in both groups.Existen factores de riesgo que afectan el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes de preparatoria, estos pueden ser contextuales e individuales. La resiliencia es un fenómeno que implica la superación de los riesgos que se enfrentan. El objetivo del estudio fue probar un modelo hipotético de ecuaciones estructurales en dos grupos de estudiantes de preparatoria, uno de resiliencia y otro de no resiliencia, para evaluar los efectos que tienen las variables contextuales, las metas y la autorregulación sobre el rendimiento académico. Los resultados indican diferencias en las variables que explican el rendimiento de ambos grupos.
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Millá, Perseguer María Magdalena. "Evaluación del modelo de descripción de pacientes: Grupo de Riesgo Clínico (CRG) como indicador y predictor de consumo de recursos y su relación con los Factores de Riesgo Cardiovascular y la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400935.
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Evaluar el modelo de ajuste de riesgo, "Grupo de Riesgo Clínico", como indicador y predictor de consumo de recursos, su relación con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). Estudio observacional, de corte transversal en la población del Departamento de Salud 2 de la Comunidad Valenciana, España, durante 2013. Las variables son: sociodemográficas, clínicas, asistenciales, de coste y el resultado al cuestionario EQ-5D-3L/EVA. El 53,8% de población está sana y un 30,3% tiene multimorbilidad, del estado de salud 4 en adelante. La población del estado 7 y 6 (11%) tiene mayor prevalencia de FRCV y los estados 5 y 6 (25%) genera el 72% del gasto, explicado en un 36,5% (R2=0,365) por los estados de salud, edad, género y FRCV. Hay relación entre el gasto farmacéutico ambulatorio y CVRS (índice de tarifa social) con: los estados de salud, FRCV y consumo de recursos. La respuesta al cuestionario de CVRS es de un 33,2%. Globalmente el estado 6 percibe peor CVRS. Los estados 2, 3, 4 y 5 se asocian a una peor CVRS (Chi cuadrado = 77,74 y p<0,05). La dislipemia afecta más a la CVRS, seguida de la alteración de la glucemia. Se puede establecer un índice que cuantifique la CVRS en relación a los estados de salud CRG.To assess the risk adjustment model, "Clinical Risk Group", as an indicator and predictor of resource consumption, its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). An observational, cross-sectional study of the population of a Basic Health District 2 of Valencia Community, Spain, during 2013. The variables are: sociodemographic, clinical, care, cost and the result to the questionnaire EQ-5D-3L / EVA. A total 53.8% of the population is healthy and 30.3% have multimorbidity, from health state 4 onwards. The population of the state 7 and 6 (11%) has a higher prevalence of CVRF and states 5 and 6 (25%) generate 72% of the expenditure, explained in 36.5% (R2 = 0,365) by age, gender and CVRF. There is a relationship between outpatient pharmacy expenditure and HRQOL (time trade-off) with health status, CVRF, and resource consumption. The response to the HRQOL questionnaire is 33.2%. Globally, state 6 perceives the worst HRQOL. Stages 2, 3, 4 and 5 were associated with a lower HRQOL (Chi-square = 77.74 and p <0.05). Dyslipemia affects HRQOL more, followed by altered glycemia. An index that quantifies HRQL can be established in relation to CRG health status.
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Pennlert, Johanna. "Recurrent stroke : risk factors, predictors and prognosis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Medicin, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-127304.
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Background Many risk factors for stroke are well characterized and might, at least to some extent, be similar for first-ever stroke and for recurrent stroke events. However, previous studies have shown heterogeneous results on predictors and rates of stroke recurrence. Patients who survive spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) often have compelling indications for antithrombotic (AT) treatment (antiplatelet (AP) and/or anticoagulant (AC) treatment), but due to controversy of the decision to treat, a large proportion of these patients are untreated. In the absence of evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), there is need for more high- quality observational data on the clinical impact of, and optimal timing of AT in ICH survivors. The aims of this thesis were to assess time trends in stroke recurrence, to determine the factors associated with an increased risk of stroke recurrence – including socioeconomic factors – and to determine to what extent ICH survivors with and without atrial fibrillation (AF) receive AT treatment and to determine the optimal timing (if any) of such treatment. Methods The population-based Monitoring Trends and Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) stroke incidence register was used to assess the epidemiology and predictors of stroke recurrence after ischemic stroke (IS) and ICH from 1995 to 2008 in northern Sweden. Riksstroke, the Swedish stroke register, linked with the National Patient Register and the Swedish Dispensed Drug Register, made it possible to identify survivors of first-ever ICH from 2005 to 2012 with and without concomitant AF to investigate to what extent these patients were prescribed AP and AC therapy. The optimal timing of initiating treatment following ICH in patients with AF 2005–2012 was described through separate cumulative incidence functions for severe thrombotic and hemorrhagic events and for the combined endpoint “vascular death or non-fatal stroke”. Riksstroke data on first-ever stroke patients from 2001 to 2012 was linked to the Longitudinal Integration Database for Health Insurance and Labour market studies to add information on education and income to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status and risk of recurrence. Results Comparison between the cohorts of 1995–1998 and 2004–2008 showed declining risk of stroke recurrence (hazard ratio: 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52-0.78) in northern Sweden. Significant factors associated with an increased risk of stroke recurrence were age and diabetes. Following ICH, a majority (62%) of recurrent stroke events were ischemic. The nationwide Riksstroke study confirmed the declining incidence, and it further concluded that low income, primary school as highest attained level of education, and living alone were associated with a higher risk of recurrence beyond the acute phase. The inverse effects of socioeconomic status on risk of recurrence did not differ between men and women and persisted over the study period. Of Swedish ICH-survivors with AF, 8.5% were prescribed AC and 36.6% AP treatment, within 6 months of ICH. In patients with AF, predictors of AC treatment were less severe ICH, younger age, previous anticoagulation, valvular disease and previous IS. High CHA2DS2-VASc scores did not seem to correlate with AC treatment. We observed both an increasing proportion of AC treatment at time of the initial ICH (8.1% in 2006 compared with 14.6% in 2012) and a secular trend of increasing AC use one year after discharge (8.3% in 2006 versus 17.2% in 2011) (p<0.001 assuming linear trends). In patients with high cardiovascular event risk, AC treatment was associated with a reduced risk of vascular death and non-fatal stroke with no significantly increased risk of severe hemorrhage. The benefit appeared to be greatest when treatment was started 7–8 weeks after ICH. For high-risk women, the total risk of vascular death or stroke recurrence within three years was 17.0% when AC treatment was initiated eight weeks after ICH and 28.6% without any antithrombotic treatment (95% CI for difference: 1.4% to 21.8%). For high-risk men, the corresponding risks were 14.3% vs. 23.6% (95% CI for difference: 0.4% to 18.2%). Conclusion Stroke recurrence is declining in Sweden, but it is still common among stroke survivors and has a severe impact on patient morbidity and mortality. Age, diabetes and low socioeconomic status are predictors of stroke recurrence. Regarding ICH survivors with concomitant AF, physicians face the clinical dilemma of balancing the risks of thrombosis and bleeding. In awaiting evidence from RCTs, our results show that AC treatment in ICH survivors with AF was initiated more frequently over the study period, which seems beneficial, particularly in high-risk patients. The optimal timing of anticoagulation following ICH in AF patients seems to be around 7–8 weeks following the hemorrhage.
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Woltman, Heather Ann. "Transition-Age Youth in Out-of-Home Care: Predictors of Readiness Skills for Adulthood." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37914.
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Objectives: Youth who age out of the child welfare system are among the most vulnerable group of young people entering adulthood today. Unlike their generational peers, foster youth lack the familial supports necessary to postpone major life decisions and gradually enter adulthood. Although there are notable differences between Canadian and American child welfare contexts, young people exiting both systems experience a compressed transition and are tasked with quickly managing adult responsibilities. Few studies have examined pre-transition factors that correlate with adolescents’ readiness skills prior to exiting out-of-home care. Methods: This dissertation presents two studies that examine factors associated with transition-age foster youths’ readiness skills for adulthood. In the first study I used cross-sectional data (n = 278) from Illinois, United States to assess the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on youths’ independent living skills and life domain functioning. I hypothesized that exposure to ACEs would predict lower transition readiness, and that trauma-related stress symptoms and strengths would moderate this association. In the second study I used cross-sectional data (n = 1,026) from Ontario, Canada to identify youth-, placement-, and agency-level factors that predicted youths’ self-care and financial literacy skills. I hypothesized that factors most proximal to individuals would impact readiness (e.g., academic performance, self-esteem). Results: Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that ACEs predicted lower transition readiness. Traumatic stress symptoms moderated these relations, and engagement in risky behaviours partially mediated these relations (study 1). Hierarchical linear modelling indicated that agency-level differences did not impact readiness. In contrast, general linear modelling indicated that a subset of individual- and placement-level factors did impact readiness. Specifically, higher academic performance, higher self-esteem, a greater number of developmental assets, older age, an older age of entry into care, a greater number of placement transitions, and kinship care placement predicted higher transition readiness. A greater number of socioemotional difficulties, a greater number of long-term mental and/or physical health conditions, and a lower frequency of problematic parenting practices combined with a higher frequency of effective parenting practices predicted lower transition readiness (study 2). Conclusion: Findings illustrated that although ACEs exposure predicts lower adult readiness among transition-age youth, whether youth engage in risky behaviours and possess developmental strengths may be better predictors of their readiness to age out of care (study 1). Findings also illustrated that a subset of individual- and placement-level factors predict self-sufficiency skills among transition-age youth (study 2).
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VanHorn, Renee E. Minick. "Maternal perinatal events as predictors of educational placement : computation of relative risk ratios." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1159152.
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This study examined the relative risk of perinatal complications in common childhood disorders. Specifically, the ability of perinatal complications to predict membership into children's disorders was studied. The sample consisted of 634 normal children and children with mental retardation, learning disabilities, and emotional handicaps, whose mothers completed the Maternal Perinatal Scale (WS). Seven MPS items significantly contributed to the prediction of the mentally retarded, learning disabled, emotionally handicapped, and regular education groups. The two significant discriminant functions correctly classified about 46% of the students, with the greatest misclassification occuring for those with emotional handicaps. When the separate disorders were collapsed to form a single group, eleven MPS items significantly contributed to the prediction of the special education and regular education groups. The linear composite from discriminant function analysis correctly classified about 74% of the students. Some 89% of the special education students were correctly classified. When MPS factors were used as predictors, 90% of the special education students were correctly classified. Seven MPS factors comprised the discriminant function. Relative risk ratios were computed for each perinatal item. Significant relative risk ratios included maternal weight over 151 pounds, saddle block anesthesia, no anesthesia, stress during pregnancy, prenatal care, medically induced labor, unplanned pregnancy, medication use during pregnancy, hypoxia, and cigarette use during pregnancy. An overall relative risk of 6.35 was computed based on the linear composite of perinatal variables defined by the discriminant function, suggesting that a suggesting that a synergism of perinatal complications makes a child over 6 times more likely to be placed in special education. A second overall relative risk of 3.83 was derived from the linear composite of MPS factor scores. This indicated that children with a perinatal history marked by this particular combination of perinatal complications were nearly 4 times as likely to require special educational services. Results were discussed in terms of comorbidity among special education categories. The potential use of the MPS as a screener for early intervention was also discussed.Department of Educational Psychology
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Abou, Chakra Claire Nour. "Développement d’outils de prédiction des complications et des récidives de l’infection à Clostridium difficile." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9911.
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Résumé : Depuis 2002, une augmentation des taux d’issues défavorables de l’infection à Clostridium difficile (ICD) a été attribuable à l’émergence de la souche NAP1/BI/R027. Il est indispensable d’identifier les facteurs de risque de développer des complications (ICDc) et des récidives (ICDr), et de pouvoir les prédire lors du diagnostic afin d’optimiser le traitement. Le projet de recherche a comme objectifs: i) l’identification des facteurs de risque pour le développement d’ICDc et ICDr et ii) le développement et la validation d’un outil de prédiction à partir de variables mesurées dans les 48h du diagnostic d’une ICD. Méthode: Une cohorte multicentrique prospective de patients adultes hospitalisés pour une ICD. Les données suivantes ont été recueillies: i) démographiques; ii) comorbidités; iii) traitements et procédures reçus dans les 2 mois avant le diagnostic; iv) paramètres cliniques, vi) biochimiques, hématologiques et vii) microbiologiques (ribotypage). Un suivi à 30 et 90 jours a été effectué. Les facteurs de risque ont été identifiés par des modèles multivariés de régression logistique et d'analyse de survie. La méthode de validation croisée a été utilisée pour la dérivation et la validation interne. Différents modèles ont été comparés selon l’aire sous la courbe ROC (ASC), l’erreur de prédiction (EP) et les paramètres de performance. Un score prédictif a été dérivé à partir du modèle optimal. Résultats: Au total, 1380 patients ont été inclus dont 96% suivis 90 jours. Une ICDc a été observée chez 8% et une ICDr chez 26%. La souche R027 représentait 52% des souches caractérisées. Les ICDc sont associées à un âge ≥80 ans, un rythme cardiaque >90/min, un rythme respiratoire >20/min, globules blancs (GB) <4 et ≥20×10[indice supérieur 9]/L, albumine sérique <25 g/L, urée sérique >7 mmol/L, et CRP ≥150 mg/L. Les ICDr sont associés à l'âge ≥ 65 ans, à l’exposition à des macrolides et/ou clindamycine, CRP ≥150 mg/L, R027, et une hospitalisation ≥14 jours suivant l'ICD. Un sous-groupe de 1038 cas complets a été utilisé pour la modélisation prédictive. Le modèle optimal contenait l’âge ≥80 ans, GB ≥12×10[indice supérieur 9]/L, albumine sérique <26 g/L et urée sérique >7 mmol/L, avec une ASC de 0,84 et une EP de 6%. Un score variant entre 0 et 17 points a été construit. En validation, un score >10 points présentait une sensibilité de 50% (IC[indice inférieur 95]% = 28-72), une spécificité de 85% (81-89), une valeur prédictive positive de 17% (7-27) et une valeur prédictive négative de 96% (94-99). Conclusions: En utilisant une large cohorte prospective multicentrique et plusieurs étapes de modélisation prédictive et de validation interne, nous avons identifié les facteurs associés aux ICDc et ICDr et dérivé un score prédictif des ICDc ayant une performance acceptable. Au moment du diagnostic de l’ICD, ces facteurs sont à considérer pour envisager le traitement le plus optimal afin de prévenir ces issues.Abstract : A significant increase in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) unfavourable outcomes was observed since 2002 and was associated with the emergence of the strain NAP1/BI/R027. Identifying patients at high risk of developing complications (cCDI) and recurrences (rCDI), and predicting these outcomes early in the course of illness could improve clinical decision-making. The main objectives of this research were to: i) identify risk factors for cCDI and rCDI, and ii) develop and validate a clinical prediction rule for cCDI using predictors measured within 48h of CDI diagnosis. Methods: Adult in patients with confirmed CDI diagnosis in 10 acute care hospitals, were enrolled in a prospective cohort. Data at enrolment were collected : demographics, underlying illnesses, past medical and drug history (two months prior to CDI), clinical signs, blood tests, and C. difficile strain type. A follow-up was completed on day 30 and 90 after enrolment. Risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression and survival analyses. Split-sample technique was used for training and validation sets. Several predictive models were derived and assessed in both sets by AUC/ROC, prediction error (PE), and performance parameters. A predictive score was built using the optimal predictive model. Results: A total of 1380 patients were enrolled and 96% had 90 days follow -up. cCDI was observed in 8% and rCDI in 26%. R027 was identified in 52% of patients. Age ≥80 years, heart rate >90/min, respiratory rate >20/ min, white cell count <4 or ≥20 × 109/L, albumin <25 g/L, blood urea nitrogen >7 mmol/L, and C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥150 mg/L were independently associated with cCDI. Age ≥65 years, increased CRP, expos ure to macrolides/clindamycin, R 027, and prolonged hospital stay were associated with rCDI. A sub-group of 1038 complete cases was used for predictive modelling. In the training set, the optimal model with 6% PE and AUC 0.84 included age≥80, WBC≥12x10 [superscript 9]/L, BUN>7 mmol/L, and serum albumin <26 g/L. A predictive score was built with minimum 0 and maximum 17 points. A score >10 points showed 50% sensitivity (95%CI, 28-72), 85% specificity (81-89), 17% (7-27) positive predictive value, and 96% (94-99) negative predictive value. Conclusion: Through a large multicenter prospective cohort and multiple modelling approached, independent risk factors of complications and recurrence of CDI were identified. We derived a predictive score that included easily available meas ures at the bedside and showed acceptable performance. At time of CDI diagnosis, these predictors could be used by clinicians to identify patients at higher risk and adjust for the most optimal treatment that could prevent unfavourable outcomes.
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Onyeka, Uche. "Neighborhood-Level Predictors and Obesity Among African-American Children." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4881.
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The steady raise in childhood obesity is a major public health problem nationally and globally. Childhood obesity is primarily caused by an imbalance between caloric intake and caloric expenditure. The increase in childhood obesity rates over the past 3 decades suggested involvement of environmental and behavioral factors in the obesity epidemic. While childhood obesity is considered a public health crisis in the United States, only limited research is available about the potential impact of neighborhood-level factors such as access to healthy food, neighborhood safety, and risk-free outdoor playgrounds. The purpose of this study was to examine if any relationships existed between childhood obesity and type of diet, level of physical activity, and neighborhood-level risk factors and childhood obesity. This study accessed the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) 2009-2014 data sets. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the associations between independent and dependent variables. The Wald test was used to assess the effects of each individual predictor, while adjusting for other predictors. The findings of this study showed no significant associations between childhood obesity and neighborhood safety; parental educational level; presence of parks, playgrounds, or open spaces; neighborhood walkability; neighborhood safety and support; and gender. Low physical activity levels, however were a significant risk factor for increase obesity. This study may lead to positive social change, enhancing individual lives and whole communities, by drawing the awareness of public health officials and policy makers to the importance of neighborhood factors associated with high body mass index.
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Gretak, Alyssa P., and Jill D. Stinson. "Social Ecological Factors as Predictors of Sexual Crimes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7919.
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Predicting crime trends via individual and community level-factors associated with crime is common across criminology, public health, and psychology. From social disorganization theory, crime rates are linked to neighborhood ecological characteristics that may shape the occurrence of illegal activities. Expanding this view, Shaw and McKay (1969) and Sampson (1993) emphasized the role of appropriate parental supervision and stable familial homes in reducing crime. Bursik and Grasmick (1993) further highlighted the influence of structural factors such as poverty and divorce.
Social disorganization theory includes a discussion of systems within the social ecological model, three of which will be discussed. The micro system (immediate environment) involves factors like family. The mesosystem is where microsystems link, such as between family and community. Lastly, the exosystem (indirect environment) captures larger structures (e.g., economic influences) which help create the built environment comprised of the neighborhood and social services. These levels overlap and may provide information related to specific factors predictive of crime.
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a multi-dimensional concept that encapsulates physical, mental, emotional, and social functioning and has been used for risk factor identification (Yin, Njai, Barker, Siegel, & Liao, 2016). In the social ecological model, HRQOL exists in the micro (e.g., child abuse, intimate partner violence), meso (e.g., prenatal care), and exosystems (e.g., neighborhood poverty). For example, a host of research has discussed the contribution of neighborhood disadvantages to increased intimate partner violence rates (Miller-Graff & Graham Bermann, 2014), while other studies have found economic disadvantage and violent crime to negatively impact birthweight (Masi, Hawkley, Piotrowski, & Pickett, 2007).
Although these factors, along with others like drug use and various health factors, have been linked to violent crime, the exploration of social ecological predictors for sexual crimes has been comparatively neglected. In a systematic review of risk factors for sexual crime perpetration, Tharp and colleagues (2014) examined 191 empirical studies and identified two societal and community factors (gender-based factors like female education level and environmental factors like homicide rates), 23 relationship factors, and 42 individual-level risk factors for sexual crime perpetration.
To attain a better understanding of the potential range of predictors of sexual crime, the current study will utilize data extracted from two publicly available data bases. The first is the Tennessee Bureau of Investigations (TBI) database, which includes crime statistics for each of the 95 counties in Tennessee. Reported number of crimes against persons in 2018 will be examined in the current analysis with variables categorized as either sexual (n=7 offense categories) or violent, non-sexual (n=11 offense categories) crimes. Violent non-sexual crimes will be collapsed into one variable to serve as the comparison group. The second data base, County Health Rankings and Roadmaps, provides data on health factors contributing to quality of life. For all Tennessee counties, 11 community variables will be included. These factors were selected because they reach across the social ecological levels of micro (e.g., single-parent households, teen births, low birthweight), meso (e.g., substance use factors, health factors including mortality and insurance), and exosystems (e.g., children in poverty, disconnected youth). A multinomial logistical regression will be conducted to investigate whether specific community level factors predict the rate of sexual crime beyond the prediction of violent, non-sexual crime. The overall model significance will be examined by the collective effect of the community level predictors.
A key factor in promoting community safety while simultaneously preventing sexual violence involves comprehensive strategies that stretch the range of social ecology. Less is known about predictors of sexual violence than those of other crimes. Further, more research has examined individual-level factors related to sexual crime perpetration. A more nuanced understanding of predictors of sexual violence at social ecological levels can assist in the development of more comprehensive prevention and intervention programs that target multiple levels of risk.
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Braithwaite, Vickie. "Predictors of rickets in the Gambia : fibroblast growth factor-23." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607859.
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So, Hon-cheong, and 蘇漢昌. "Genetic architecture and risk prediction of complex diseases." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4452805X.
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Leopold, Sarah Yoho. "Factors Influencing the Prediction of Speech Intelligibility." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460464847.
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Aslanyan, Stella. "Factors that predict ischaemic stroke outcome." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433033.
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Orbay, Ozge. "Resilience / Vulnerability Factors As Predictors Of Turkish University Students." Phd thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610532/index.pdf.
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It may be assumed that the various resources individuals have will be needed in coping with the adjustments required in college. Any deficits in individuals&rsquopsychological make-up or maladaptive coping strategies will block their adjustment to college. Within this idea of adjustment, adjustment to college and psychological well being were predicted by several variables named as personality, hardiness, and coping strategies under a stressful condition. Students who have completed their freshmen year were administered the scales related to the above variables and a series of path analyses were carried out. Results indicated that problem focused coping and helplessness/self blame had a mediator role between personality variables and psychological well being. Neuroticism was named as a vulnerability factor. Students with neuroticism as a personality characteristic were regarded as risk groups, who were likely to use helplessness/self blame coping. On the other hand, personality characteristics such as conscientiousness, openness/intellect, and hardiness were concluded to be a resilience factors together with problem focused coping.
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Price, Melanie A., Phyllis N. Butow, Melanie L. Bell, Anna deFazio, Michael Friedlander, Joanna E. Fardell, Melinda M. Protani, and Penelope M. Webb. "Helplessness/hopelessness, minimization and optimism predict survival in women with invasive ovarian cancer: a role for targeted support during initial treatment decision-making?" Springer, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615616.
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Women with advanced ovarian cancer generally have a poor prognosis but there is significant variability in survival despite similar disease characteristics and treatment regimens. The aim of this study was to determine whether psychosocial factors predict survival in women with ovarian cancer, controlling for potential confounders.
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Bell, Caroline. "The Eating Disorder Belief questionnaire in adolescent girls, and predictors of behaviour, and weight, shape and eating concerns." Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://oro.open.ac.uk/58167/.
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Paredes, Torres Joseph Isaac. "La macrosomía: factores predictores y complicaciones durante el parto vaginal en el Hospital Nacional PNP Luis N. Sáenz durante los años 2005 y 2006." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2007. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/225.
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El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los factores predictores de macrosomía y las complicaciones durante el parto vaginal. Es un estudio de casos y controles, retrospectivo y correlacional. Se utilizó el peso del recién nacido mayor o igual a 4,000 g. como indicador de macrosomía, por lo que se incluyó a 208 macrosómicos nacidos durante los años 2005 y 2006, los cuales representan el 10.9% y el 9.8% del total de recién nacidos respectivamente.
Los factores predictores relacionados con la macrosomía son los siguientes: diabetes materna, ganancia de peso de las gestantes mayor o igual a 12 Kg., IMC que indique sobrepeso u obesidad, período intergenésico mayor o igual a 49 meses, edad materna mayor o igual a 29 años, antecedente de hijo(s) macrosómico(s), altura uterina mayor o igual a 34 cm., sexo masculino del recién nacido. No se encontró relación entre el embarazo prolongado y la macrosomía.
Los únicos factores que predijeron la macrosomía de forma aislada fueron la altura uterina mayor a 34 cm. (44%) y el sexo fetal masculino (5%), los cuales, al igual que los otros factores predictores adquieren mayor o menor fuerza al relacionarse entre sí, llegándose a obtener una probabilidad del 100% cuando están presentes 5 o más factores. Debido a que la probabilidad dependerá de los factores predictores interrelacionados, se elaboró un flujograma en el que se observa la probabilidad de presentar macrosomía fetal.
Entre las complicaciones encontramos que el 21.1% de madres con hijos macrosómicos presentó parto prolongado; el 2.9% de macrosómicos presentó fractura de clavícula; el 31.7% de madres con hijos macrosómicos presentaron desgarro al momento del parto, correspondiendo a este grupo el 71.4% de desgarros de II grado y el 100% de los de III grado; la ruptura prematura de membranas se observa en el 17.3% de macrosómicos, y en el 5.1% de los no macrosómicos.
Se debe realizar una adecuada identificación y valoración de los factores predictores de macrosomía, para así poder decidir la mejor vía de parto y evitar complicaciones durante el mismo.
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Rönnemaa, Elina. "Predictors of Dementia : Insulin, Fatty Acids and Vascular Risk Factors." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-164528.
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Identification of modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is crucial in order to diminish suffering from this devastating disease. The aim of this thesis was to investigate if different aspects of glucose metabolism, insulin, fatty-acid composition or other vascular risk factors predict the future development of AD and dementia. This thesis is based on the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM) cohort, which started in 1970. A total of 2322 men at age 50 were examined with focus on vascular risk factors. The cohort was re-examined at ages 60, 71, 77, 82 and 88. Incident diagnoses of AD, vascular dementia, other dementias and cognitive impairment were assessed in 2005–2010. The risk of AD was increased in subjects with lower early insulin response measured with both an intravenous glucose tolerance test at 50 years and an oral glucose tolerance test at 71 years of age. The presence of vascular risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and smoking increased the risk of future vascular dementia but not of AD. Furthermore, saturated fatty acids at midlife were inversely associated with risk of AD. No evidence of a protective effect of omega-3 fatty acids against dementia was found. The susceptibility allele, APOE ε4, was the strongest individual risk factor. APOE ε4 carriers with vascular risk factors had the greatest risk of developing dementia. Low insulin response was a risk factor for AD mainly in APOE ε4 non-carriers. Disturbances in insulin and glucose metabolism, vascular risk factors and fatty acids are linked differentially to the pathogenesis of AD and vascular dementia. These observations should be considered when future clinical approaches are planned to prevent and postpone the onset of dementia.ULSAM
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Bulloch, E. Chrissy. "Examining Predictors of Optimism in Adolescence: Internal and External Factors." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2964.
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This study examined the relationship between parenting, adolescent personality, and adolescent optimism. Four hundred and eighty families with at least one adolescent child in the Seattle, Washington area completed a series of questionnaires assessing parenting style, personality, and optimism. Results from hierarchical regression analyses indicated that there is a small, yet significant, portion of the variance in optimism explained by parenting and personality individually, but that the relationship between optimism, parenting, and personality dynamics is far more complex than originally anticipated. Further research is needed to examine the nature of these relationships and to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the predictors of optimism.
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Marks, Sandra Jody. "Do Maternal Psychosocial Factors Predict Adolescent Weight?" BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7428.
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Do Maternal Psychosocial Factors Predict Adolescent Weight? Sandra Jody MarksDepartment of Exercise Sciences, BYUMaster of SciencePurpose: This study investigated the possible relationship between maternal psychosocial factors, mainly maternal stress and maternal depression, and adolescent weight status. Also, this study examined the predictive effect of these maternal psychosocial factors on adolescent weight loss during a health education intervention as well as the months following the health education. Methods: Study design was a longitudinal pretest posttest with a health education intervention. We assessed 40 adolescents and their mothers on four occasions over a 1-year period. At each occasion, the Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (SIPA) was used to measure maternal stress and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was used to measure maternal depression. Also, at the four occasions, adolescent anthropometric data were obtained by research assistants using a digital scale for weight and a portable stadiometer for measuring height. Body Mass Index scores (BMI = [weight (kg)]/[height (m)]2) were calculated and converted into a percentile score (zBMI), adjusting for age and gender, using the standard Center for Disease Control and Prevention calculator. At the onset of the study, the adolescent participants and their mothers all received 12 weeks of health education, which included group behavioral therapy, family-based intervention, motivational interviewing and electronic intervention. Results: Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that no significant relationships existed between maternal stress and adolescent zBMI or between maternal depression and adolescent zBMI at baseline (Time 1). Nor did the study find that maternal stress and/or depression scores at Time 1 significantly predicted a greater amount of adolescent weight loss. Lower stress and/or depression also did not significantly predict adolescent weight maintenance after the 12-week intervention (Time 2). However, results did indicate that the adolescent component of the maternal stress domain (AD) from Time 1 to Time 2 was a significant predictor of adolescent zBMI from Time 1 to Time 2, (R2 = 0.238, F (1,21) = 6.571, p = 0.018). This means that 23.8% of the variability in overall zBMI change from Time 1 to Time 2 is being accounted for by change in the maternal AD stress domain from Time 1 to Time 2. Conclusion: Adolescent zBMI decreased concurrently with maternal stress during the health education intervention stage. Although the correlational nature of this study prevents causal claims, this result suggests that decreasing maternal stress may strengthen the ability of obese adolescents to effectively lose weight. This study encourages further research to examine the effects that maternal psychosocial factors may have on adolescent weight status, weight loss, and weight maintenance.
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Hastings, Tricia A. "Factors that Predict Quality Classroom Technology Use." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1257194863.
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Carter, Teresa G. "Five-Factor Model as a Predictor for Spoken Dialog Systems." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/990.
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Human behavior varies widely as does the design of spoken dialog systems (SDS). The search for predictors to match a user’s preference and efficiency for a specific dialog interface type in an SDS was the focus of this research. By using personality as described by the Five-Factor Method (FFM) and the Wizard of Oz technique for delivering three system initiatives of the SDS, participants interacted with each of the SDS initiatives in scheduling an airline flight. The three system initiatives were constructed as strict system, which did not allow the user control of the interaction; mixed system, which allowed the user some control of the interaction but with a system override; and user system, which allowed the user control of the interaction. In order to eliminate gender bias in using the FFM as the instrument, participants were matched in gender and age. Participants were 18 years old to 70 years old, passed a hearing test, had no disability that prohibited the use of the SDS, and were native English speakers. Participants completed an adult consent form, a 50-question personality assessment as described by the FFM, and the interaction with the SDS. Participants also completed a system preference indication form at the end of the interaction. Observations for efficiency were recorded on paper by the researcher. Although the findings did not show a definitive predictor for a SDS due to the small population sample, by using a multinomial regression approach to the statistical analysis, odds ratios of the data helped draw conclusions that support certain personality factors as important roles in a user’s preference and efficiency in choosing and using a SDS. This gives an area for future research. Also, the presumption that preference and efficiency always match was not supported by the results from two of the three systems. An additional area for future research was discovered in the gender data. Although not an initial part of the research, the data shows promise in predicting preference and efficiency for certain SDS. Future research is indicated.
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Banerjee, Sharmi. "Computational Approaches to Predict Effect of Epigenetic Modifications on Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94393.
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This dissertation presents applications of machine learning and statistical approaches to infer protein-DNA bindings in the presence of epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic modifications are alterations to the DNA resulting in gene expression regulation where the structure of the DNA remains unaltered. It is a heritable and reversible modification and often involves addition or deletion of certain chemical compounds to the DNA. Histone modification is an epigenetic change that involves alteration of the histone proteins – thus changing the chromatin (DNA wound around histone proteins) structure – or addition of methyl-groups to the Cytosine base adjacent to a Guanine base. Epigenetic factors often interfere in gene expression regulation by promoting or inhibiting protein-DNA bindings. Such proteins are known as transcription factors. Transcription is the first step of gene expression where a particular segment of DNA is copied into the messenger-RNA (mRNA). Transcription factors orchestrate gene activity and are crucial for normal cell function in any organism. For example, deletion/mutation of certain transcription factors such as MEF2 have been associated with neurological disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. In this dissertation, different computational pipelines are described that use mathematical models to explain how the protein-DNA bindings are mediated by histone modifications and DNA-methylation affecting different regions of the brain at different stages of development. Multi-layer Markov models, Inhomogeneous Poisson analyses are used on data from brain to show the impact of epigenetic factors on protein-DNA bindings. Such data driven approaches reinforce the importance of epigenetic factors in governing brain cell differentiation into different neuron types, regulation of memory and promotion of normal brain development at the early stages of life.Doctor of Philosophy
A cell is the basic unit of any living organism. Cells contain nucleus that contains DNA, self replicating material often called the blueprint of life. For sustenance of life, cells must respond to changes in our environment. Gene expression regulation, a process where specific regions of the DNA (genes) are copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules and then translated into proteins, determines the fate of a cell. It is known that various environmental (such as diet, stress, social interaction) and biological factors often indirectly affect gene expression regulation. In this dissertation, we use machine learning approaches to predict how certain biological factors interfere indirectly with gene expression by changing specific properties of DNA. We expect our findings will help in understanding the interplay of these factors on gene expression.
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Esparó, Hidalgo Griselda. "Problemes psicològics, temperament i capacitat cognitiva a l'edat de 6 anys: Factors predictors i factors associats." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8956.
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PROBLEMES PSICOLÒGICS, TEMPERAMENT I CAPACITAT COGNITIVA A L'EDAT DE 6 ANYS: FACTORS PREDICTORS I FACTORS ASSOCIATS. Des de la perspectiva de la psicopatologia del desenvolupament, es considera que la psicopatologia és el producte d'un procés continu, on han intervingut i interaccionat entre ells una sèrie de factors biopsicosocials i que dóna lloc, al mateix temps, tant a la anormalitat com a la normalitat de la conducta. L'estudi d'aquest procés és un objectiu fonamental des d'aquesta perspectiva, i les investigacions longitudinals ens permeten detectar canvis i estabilitats al llarg del desenvolupament, així com factors predictors de futures anomalies. En aquesta tesi, presentem en un primer capítol els conceptes referents a aquest marc teòric i pràctic de la psicopatologia del desenvolupament. Centrat ja aquest marc, els capítols segon i tercer s'han dedicat a l'epidemiologia i a la descripció estructurada i resumida de factors de risc. El temperament i la capacitat cognitiva han estat tractats específicament en els darrers capítols de la introducció perquè s'han considerat importants en relació als objectius de la tesi.
El present estudi té com a objectiu investigar els factors associats i els factors predictors de psicopatologia a l'edat de sis anys, així com també els diferents factors predictors de característiques del temperament i de capacitat cognitiva als sis anys.
La mostra estudiada consisteix en 130 nens de població no clínica, dels quals 80 han estat seguits des del naixement fins als 6 anys i les seves mares des del període pre-concepcional fins al període postpart. La resta de nens han estat avaluats únicament a l'edat de 6 anys.
Les mesures obtingudes de la mare són: el nivell socio-econòmic, l'EPQ-A, l'STAI i el BDI.
Les mesures obtingudes durant el primer any de vida en els nens són: l'NBAS de Brazelton, el test de Bayley i el test de Fagan. Als 6 anys s'han avaluat els problemes psicològics i les competències, a través del CBCL (pares) i el test de IOWA (mestres). S'han obtingut els trets de temperament a través de l'escala DOTS, i el QI a través de la prova de WPPSI.
Els resultats indiquen diferències entre sexes, observant a l'edat de 6 anys un major número de factors associats a la psicopatologia en el sexe masculí. També observem diferències entre sexes en l'efecte que tenen els factors predictors sobre els problemes psicològics, el temperament i el QI. En el sexe masculí s'ha observat una millor capacitat predictiva de les variables estudiades. Els factors temperamentals neonatals són importants predictors de psicopatologia en nens.
Únicament en els problemes psicològics observem una capacitat predictiva de les característiques psicològiques maternes.
Els clústers del NBAS prediuen problemes psicològics únicament en nens. Per altra part, també prediuen diferents dimensions de temperament en els dos sexes i el QI verbal i manipulatiu, en nens i nenes respectivament.
El test de Bayley es mostra predictor sobre les característiques temperamentals i la capacitat cognitiva en els dos sexes.
El test de Fagan únicament prediu el QI en el sexe masculí. De la mateixa manera, la percepció neonatal dels pares mostra major capacitat predictiva en el sexe masculí.
En conclusió, observem diferències entre sexes en l'efecte dels factors estudiats sobre les diferents característiques psicològiques avaluades, trobant-se una major influència dels factors associats i predictors sobre els problemes psicològics en el sexe masculí. Per altra part també s'han trobat diferències entre sexes en la predicció de QI i =?ûçjomltemperament.
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS, TEMPERAMENT AND COGNITIVE CAPACITY AT 6 YEARS OF AGE: PREDICT FACTORS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS.
In the development of psychopathology it is considered as a continuous procedure. In this procedure, factors inter-react between themselves and they produce the normality and anormality conduct. The study of this procedure is an important objective in this perspective and the longitudinal dimensions allowed us to detect changes, stability in the development and predictor factors. In the first chapter of this thesis we show development psychopathology concepts. Second and thirth chapter are based on epidemiology and risk factors.
The primary goals of the study are: a) to investigate psychopathology associated factors and psychopathology predictor factors at the age of six years old, and b) to investigate predictor factors of temperament and intellectual capacity at six years.
The sample consist of 130 non-clinical children. 80 of them 130 have been followed from birth until the age of six years, and their mothers have been followed from preconceptional to postpartum period. The rest of children have been followed only at the age of six years old.
Mother measures are: socioeconomic status; EPQ-A; STAI; and BDI. Child measures in the first year of life are: NBAS; Bayley test and Fagan test. Child measures at the age of 6 years old are: CBCL; IOWA; DOTS and WPPSI.
We found differences between the sexes. In boys there were more links between psychopathology and individual and environmental factors. We found also sex differences in the predictor factors effect on psychopathology, temperament and IQ. In boys there were more predictive capacity. Temperamental neonatal factors are important predictor factor of psychopathology in boys. We found predictive capacity of mother psychological characteristics only on psychological problems.
NBAS clusters predict psychological problems, only in boys, and temperament and IQ in boys and girls.
Bayley test predict temperamental characteristics and cognitive capacity in boys and girls.
Fagan test only predict IQ in boys. Also, neonatal perception of parents, show more predictive capacity in masculine sex.
In conlusion, we found differences between sexes in the predictive and associated factors on psychological problems, temperament and IQ. In boys there are more links between associated factors and psychological problems and there are more efect of predictive factors on psychological problems.
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Msiska, Manson Mwachande. "Rate of psychiatric readmissions and associated factors at Saint John of God Psychiatric Hospital in Mzuzu, Malawi." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31105.
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Background: Globally, studies have established that 40-50% of psychiatric patients with SMDs are readmitted within one year of discharge from the acute hospital admission. Lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Malawi have also reported high rates of psychiatric readmissions. This poses challenges when providing psychiatric care to patients. Most of Malawi`s health institutions, including Saint John of God Psychiatric Hospital (SJOG), rely primarily on donor funding. In order to maximise the available donor funding, there is a need to reduce readmissions resulting from modifiable or controlled factors. There are no studies in Malawi which have investigated these risk factors. The study aimed to establish the frequency of readmissions and the associated factors among patients at SJOG Psychiatric Hospital in Mzuzu, Malawi. The specific areas examined were sociodemographic and clinical-related factors associated with readmission. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort case record review study. Two hundred and seventy five clinical files of patients admitted for the first time at SJOG Psychiatric Hospital Mzuzu, Malawi between 1 January, 2014 and 31 December, 2015 were extracted. Data on socio-demographics and clinical information were collected using an extraction sheet at 3, 6 and 12 months post-discharge from the acute (first) hospital admission. Logistic regression models were developed to investigate the associations between socio-demographics, clinicalrelated factors and readmissions. Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Faculty of Health Sciences Human Research Ethics Committee at the University of Cape Town. Approval to conduct this research in Malawi was obtained from the National Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee. Results: Readmission rates of 1.5%, 4.4%, and 11.3% were found within the 3, 6 and 12 months of discharge from the acute hospital admission respectively. None of the independent variables predicted readmission within the 3 month of discharge from the acute hospital admission. In the unadjusted logistic regression model, having children (OR=0.26, 95% C.I 0.07-0.96) protected against readmissions within the 6 month of follow-up period. In the unadjusted logistic regression model, having children (OR= 0.40, 95% C.I 0.18-0.88), staying outside the hospital catchment area (OR=0.44, 95% C.I 0.20-0.96), and having insight (OR=0.22, 95% C.I 0.10-0.49) into their illness were protective factors to readmission, while taking SGAs (OR=4.67, 95% C.I 1.33-16.39) predicted readmission within the 12 month follow-up period. After adjusting for age and gender in the multivariable analysis, staying outside catchment area (OR=0.33, 95% C.I 0.14-0.79) and having insight (OR=0.19, 95% C.I 0.08-0.46) to their illness were protective factors, while taking SGAs (OR=5.29, 95% C.I 1.43-19.51) remained a predictor of readmission within 12 months of discharge from the acute admission. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that readmissions are associated with socio-demographic and clinical factors such as catchment area, patient insight into their condition and type of antipsychotics. The study identifies the need to develop interventions targeting the groups at risk of being readmitted.
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Caldwell, Ricarlos Marcell. "Time and Transitions as Predictors of Effective Postdeployment Resilience." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7128.
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Since 9/11 over 2.77 million U.S. service members have deployed 5.4 million times to a theater of war with the majority serving in the U.S. Army. The increased stress inherent in a single combat deployment grows exponentially with each subsequent deployment, resulting in behavioral issues and suicide attempts and ideations. This study's purpose, following resilience theory, was to explore the associations of military life experiences (permanent changes of station, promotions, retirements, etc.) and deployment characteristics (number of deployments, operational specialties, combined lengths of deployments, etc.) to postdeployment resilience in U.S. military personnel. The study's design was a quantitative correlational research design; 102 participants were recruited through social media. Protective factors associated with resilience served as the dependent variable. The independent variables were time and transitions. Covariates included demographic data (age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, rank, branch of service, years of service, etc.), number of combat deployments, and combined length of deployments. The target population consisted of military service members with at least one combat deployment and had been redeployed for a minimum of one year. Results of this study may provide positive social change by identifying points and periods in the redeployment and post redeployment timeline service members can focus on to improve protective factors. Additionally, as Global War on Terror (GWOT) veterans begin leaving the service at an increased rate data focused on resilience may assist military mental health providers with developing treatment strategies that reinforce affect protective factors.
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Kamara, Kandeh. "Predictors and Risk Factors of Ebola Virus Disease in Sierra Leone." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7677.
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Sierra Leone had the highest number of cases of Ebola virus disease in history during the 2014 Ebola epidemic. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between sociocultural and behavioral risk factors and Ebola status among women and men ages 15 to 49 years in Sierra Leone. The ecological model served as the theoretical framework. Secondary data were collected from the Sierra Leone Ebola Disease Survey. Results of chi-square tests revealed that attending a funeral (p = .001), touching a dead body at a funeral (p = .023), contact with a sick person (p = .001), touching bodily fluids (p = 0.001), gender (p = .035), traditional healer occupation (p = .001), and housewife/care taker occupation (p = .001) were significantly associated with Ebola infection status among the study population. Age, seeking traditional healer care, and preparation and consumption of primate meat were not associated with Ebola virus infection. Results of stepwise backward elimination logistic regression indicated the only significant predictor of Ebola infection was attending a funeral (adjusted R2 = .013 or 1.3%, p = .031). Findings may be used to promote awareness of funeral-related Ebola infection risk and avoiding traditional and religious practices that elevate infection risk during burial of the dead, which may be used to reduce or prevent future Ebola outbreaks in Sierra Leone.
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Sandelin, Albin. "In silico prediction of CIS-regulatory elements /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-879-3/.
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Keohane, Peter Timothy. "Psychological factors influencing homelessness initiation and maintenance : predictors of maladaptive behaviour." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/370415/.
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Taylor, Charlene Y. "Girls and Boys, Apples and Oranges? A Theoretically Informed Analysis of Gender-Specific Predictors of Delinquency." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1275657039.
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Carrión, Villasana Raúl. "Índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina como predictor de preeclampsia en el Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/9742.
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Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorEl documento digital no refiere asesor
Determina si el índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina >2.2 entre las 11 y 14 semanas es un método predictor del desarrollo de preeclampsia en gestantes que se atienden en el Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión en el periodo comprendido del 01 de de junio del 2010 a julio del 2013. La investigación está orientada a describir los índices de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina entre las 11 y 14 semanas en gestantes con riesgo de preeclampsia, para ello se realiza un estudio, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de casos. La muestra seleccionada está comprendida por 74 pacientes en quienes se realiza el índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina entre las 11 y 14 semanas. Los instrumentos empleados están conformados por una ficha de recolección de datos convenientemente elaborada para los fines de estudio. El índice de pulsatilidad de las pacientes que desarrollan preeclampsia leve es de 2.49 frente a 1.51 de las pacientes que no desarrollan preeclampsia (P<0.05). El índice de pulsatilidad de las pacientes que desarrollan preeclampsia severa es de 2.09 frente a 1.5 de las pacientes que no desarrollan preeclampsia (P<0.05). El 8.1% de las pacientes desarrollan preeclampsia leve y el 1.4% de las pacientes desarrollan preeclampsia severa. Concluye que el índice de pulsatilidad de la arteria uterina >2.2 entre las 11 y 14 semanas es un buen método predictor del desarrollo de preeclampsia en gestantes.
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Grønnesby, Vivian Rannem. "Brain Drain : What factors may predict turnover intention?" Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for voksnes læring og rådgivningsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13884.
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Denne avhandlingen setter fokus på hvordan rådgivere innenfor helse, miljø og sikkerhet opplever håndtering av konflikter i arbeidslivet. Gjennom intervju med tre rådgivere får en et innblikk i hva de opplever som essensielt for at de klarer å håndtere konflikten. Å ivareta seg selv, ansvarliggjøre de involverte i konflikten, samt utvikle seg selv som rådgiver framstår som særdeles viktig. På bakgrunn av dette fremstår mestring, som essensielt ved håndteringen. Disse temaene berører ulike psykologiske behov, som relateres til samfunnsmessige, samt teoretiske oppfatninger. I tilknytning til dette blir utbrenthet drøftet som en konsekvens av ikke å mestre. Dette drøftes videre i forhold til å ivareta seg selv, ansvarliggjøre de involverte i konflikten, og utvikle seg selv.
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Devon, Angela. "An exploration of factors which predict client satisfaction." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1996. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/983/.
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Diebold, Kasey Elaine. "Risk factors for wound complications following cesarean delivery." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1311.
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Background: Cesarean delivery rates have been increasing since 1996, and Cesarean delivery is now the most common major operative procedure performed in the United States. Identifying risk factors for wound complications following Cesarean delivery is necessary to prevent unnecessary maternal morbidity.
Methods: A case-control study was carried out and data was collected via a medical record review for patients undergoing a Cesarean delivery at the UIHC between 10/1/2011 and 12/31/2012.
Results: Several modifiable risk factors were identified, and models based on patient and surgical factors performed better than the current standard NHSN risk index model.
Conclusion: More robust prediction models can be created using patient and surgical factors.
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Gao, Sheng. "Latent factor models for link prediction problems." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066056.
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Avec la croissance d'Internet et celle des médias sociaux, les données relationnelles, qui décrivent un ensemble d'objets liés entre eux par différents relations, sont devenues courantes. En conséquence, une grande variété d'applications, telles que les systèmes de recommandation, l'analyse de réseaux sociaux, la fouille de données Web ou la bioinformatique, ont motivé l'étude de techniques d'apprentissage relationnel. Parmi le large éventail de ces techniques, nous traitons dans cette thèse le problème de prédiction de liens. Le problème de la prédiction de liens est une tache fondamentale de l'apprentissage relationnel, consistant à prédire la présence ou l'absence de liens entre objets, à partir de la topologie du réseau et/ou les attributs des objets. Cependant, la complexité et la sparsité des réseaux font de cette tache un problème ardu. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons des solutions pour faciliter l'apprentissage dans le cas de différentes applications. Dans le chapitre 3, nous présentons un cadre unifié afin de traiter le problème générique de prédiction de liens. Nous discutons les différentes caractéristiques des modèles des points de vue probabiliste et computationnel. Ensuite, en se focalisant sur les applications traitées dans cette thèse, nous proposons des modèles à facteurs latents pour deux types de taches de prédiction de liens: (i) prédiction structurelle de liens et (ii) prédiction temporelle de liens. Concernant la prédiction structurelle de liens, nous proposons dans le chapitre 4 une nouvelle application que nous appellons Prédiction de Motifs de Liens (PML). Nous introduisons un facteur latent spécifique pour différents types de relations en plus de facteurs latents pour caractériser les objets. Nous présentons un modèle de actorisation tensorielle dans un cadre Bayésien pour révéler la causalité intrinsèque de l'interaction sociale dans les réseaux multi-relationnels. De plus, étant donné la structure complexe des données relationnelles, nous proposons dans le chapitre 5 un modèle qui incorpore simultanément l'effet des facteurs de caractéristiques latentes et l'impact de la structure en blocs du réseau. Concernant la prédiction temporelle de liens dans les réseaux dynamiques, nous proposons dans le Chapitre 6 un modèle latent unifié qui intègre des sources d'information multiples, la topologie globale du réseau, les attributs des noeuds et les informations de proximité du réseau afin de capturer les motifs d'évolution temporelle des liens. Ce modèle joint repose sur la factorisation latente de matrices et sur une techniques de régularisation pour graphes. Chaque modèle proposé dans cette thèse a des performances comparables ou supérieures aux méthodes existantes. Des évaluations complètes sont conduites sur des jeux de données réels pour démontrer leur performances supérieures sur les méthodes de base. La quasi-totalité d'entre eux ont fait l'objet d'une publication dans des conférences nationales ou internationalesWith the rising of Internet as well as modern social media, relational data has become ubiquitous, which consists of those kinds of data where the objects are linked to each other with various relation types. Accordingly, various relational learning techniques have been studied in a large variety of applications with relational data, such as recommender systems, social network analysis, Web mining or bioinformatic. Among a wide range of tasks encompassed by relational learning, we address the problem of link prediction in this thesis. Link prediction has arisen as a fundamental task in relational learning, which considers to predict the presence or absence of links between objects in the relational data based on the topological structure of the network and/or the attributes of objects. However, the complexity and sparsity of network structure make this a great challenging problem. In this thesis, we propose solutions to reduce the difficulties in learning and fit various models into corresponding applications. Basically, in Chapter 3 we present a unified framework of latent factor models to address the generic link prediction problem, in which we specifically discuss various configurations in the models from computational perspective and probabilistic view. Then, according to the applications addressed in this dissertation, we propose different latentfactor models for two classes of link prediction problems: (i) structural link prediction. (ii) temporal link prediction. In terms of structural link prediction problem, in Chapter 4 we define a new task called Link Pattern Prediction (LPP) in multi-relational networks. By introducing a specific latent factor for different relation types in addition to using latent feature factors to characterize objects, we develop a computational tensor factorization model, and the probabilistic version with its Bayesian treatment to reveal the intrinsic causality of interaction patterns in multi-relational networks. Moreover, considering the complex structural patterns in relational data, in Chapter 5 we propose a novel model that simultaneously incorporates the effect of latent feature factors and the impact from the latent cluster structures in the network, and also develop an optimization transfer algorithm to facilitate the model learning procedure. In terms of temporal link prediction problem in time-evolving networks, in Chapter 6 we propose a unified latent factor model which integrates multiple information sources in the network, including the global network structure, the content of objects and the graph proximity information from the network to capture the time-evolving patterns of links. This joint model is constructed based on matrix factorization and graph regularization technique. Each model proposed in this thesis achieves state-of-the-art performances, extensive experiments are conducted on real world datasets to demonstrate their significant improvements over baseline methods. Almost all of themhave been published in international or national peer-reviewed conference proceedings
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Gjolberg, Ivar Henry. "Predicting injury among nursing personnel using personal risk factors." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/281.
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The purpose of this thesis was to develop a means of predicting future injury among nursing personnel working in a hospital system. Nursing has one of the highest incidence rates of musculoskeletal injuries among U.S. occupations. Endemic to the job are tasks such as rolling, sitting, standing, and transferring large, and often times, uncooperative patients. These tasks often place large biomechanical stresses on the musculoskeletal system and, in some cases, contribute to or cause a musculoskeletal injury. Given the current nursing shortage, it is imperative to keep nurses injury-free and productive so they can provide patient care services. Even though a large number of nursing personnel are injured every year and most are exposed to these high levels of biomechanical stress, the majority of nurses are injury-free. The question then arises "Why do some nurses have injuries while others do not?" The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether individual attributes in a population of nurses were associated with risk of future injury. The subject population was comprised of 140 nursing personnel at a local hospital system hired between April 1995 and February 1999. Data on individual attributes, such as patient demographics, previous injuries, posture, joint range of motion, flexibility, and muscular strength, was ascertained during a post-offer screening on these personnel. Twenty six (19%) nurses experienced an injury associated with the axial skeleton. Chi square test for homogeneity for the categorical predictor variables, and the Student's T-test for continuous predictor variables were used to determine if any individual attributes were associated with future injuries. None of the variables were associated with a risk of future axial skeletal injury. Practical application of these results for St. Joseph Regional Health Center, and possibly other acute care facilities, directs us to stop costly pre-employment/post-offer testing for the purpose of identifying injury prone nurse applicants. Secondly, it allows the focus of limited resources to be on making the job safer through administrative and engineering controls.
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Swaminathan, Karthikeyan. "Enhanced prediction of Phosphorylation and Disorder in Proteins." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1259080387.
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Wilson, Katherine Ann. "Does safety culture predict clinical outcomes?" Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2919.
Full textAbstract:
Patient safety in healthcare has become a national objective. Healthcare organizations are striving to improve patient safety and have turned to high reliability organizations as those in which to model. One initiative taken on by healthcare is improving patient safety culture--shifting from one of a 'no harm, no foul' to a culture of learning that encourages the reporting of errors, even those in which patient harm does not occur. Lacking from the literature, however, is an understanding of how safety culture impacts outcomes. While there has been some research done in this area, and safety culture is argued to have an impact, the findings are not very diagnostic. In other words, safety culture has been studied such that an overall safety culture rating is provided and it is shown that a positive safety culture improves outcomes. However, this method does little to tell an organization what aspects of safety culture impact outcomes. Therefore, this dissertation sought to answer that question but analyzing safety culture from multiple dimensions. The results found as a part of this effort support previous work in other domains suggesting that hospital management and supervisor support does lead to improved perceptions of safety. The link between this support and outcomes, such as incidents and incident reporting, is more difficult to determine. The data suggests that employees are willing to report errors when they occur, but the low occurrence of such reportable events in healthcare precludes them from doing so. When a closer look was taken at the type of incidents that were reported, a positive relationship was found between support for patient safety and medication incidents. These results initially seem counterintuitive. To suggest a positive relationship between safety culture and medication incidents on the surface detracts from the research in other domains suggesting the opposite. It could be the case that an increase in incidents leads an organization to implement additional patient safety efforts, and therefore employees perceive a more positive safety culture. Clearly more research is needed in this area. Suggestions for future research and practical implications of this study are provided.Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD