Academic literature on the topic 'Preeclampsia Lipid Profile Hypertension Cholesterol Triglycerides HDL-Cholesterol LDL-Cholesterol'

Background and aim: Variation in serum lipid profile is associated with hypertension. Abnormal lipid profile directly affects the endothelial dysfunction and significantly associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension is the pregnancy toxaemia associated key feature which is considered to be caused by vasospastic phenomena in placenta, kidney, brain, and uterus. The current study aimed to assess plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in pregnant women with hypertension (PIH). Methods: This study was conducted on 66 (36 PIH cases, 30 control cases) age matched women in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moulvi Ameer Shah Memorial Hospital, Peshawar from October 2021 to June 2022. The criteria for preeclampsia were proteinuria, and proteinuria after pregnancy, hypertension, edema, and reversal of hypertension. Subjects' fasting venous blood samples were collected. Plasma was isolated from heparine anticoagulated blood. In a preservative bottle (500 mg/1000 mL urine) of Na2B4O7, urine was collected after 24 hours. Urine and plasma were kept at -80°C until the assay. Total cholesterol levels, HDL-C, and triglyceride were enzymatically measured. The amount of spectrophotometric and malondialdehyde was measured for plasma lipid peroxidation. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Results: There was a significant increase in proteinuria, mean diastolic, and systolic pressure of preeclampsia patients than the control group. Total triglyceride, malondialdehyde (MDA), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (apo-B) in a study group were significantly higher as compared to control. Whereas the study group had lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) than that of control group. The total cholesterol concentration, plasma protein, gestational age, apo-A, and hemoglobin had no statistical significance in both groups. Conclusion: The present study suggested that abnormal lipid metabolism, high triglycerides, specifically LDL-C and lipid peroxides, and low HDL-C concentrations, may lead to the vascular dysfunction and preeclampsia is associated with oxidative stress. There are only minor differences in lipoprotein concentrations and serum lipid between PIH women and women with uncomplicated pregnancy. Keywords: Plasma lipid, Lipoprotein concentration, Pregnancy-induced hypertension

Introduction: This study evaluates relationship between serum lipid profile and preeclampsia1 . Objective:The study is to compare the mean lipid levels in pre-eclamptic and normal pregnancy. Design:This is a descriptive study. Participants: Among patients attending Out Patient Department in Chalmeda Anand Rao institute of medical sciences, 25 singleton pregnancies diagnosed as having preeclampsia and 25 pregnancies without such diagnosis were included in study. Outcome measures: Risk of preeclampsia, pregnancy induced hypertension, preterm birth, small/large for gestational age and child loss. Results:In pre-eclamptic mean triglycerides levels were (254 mg/dl ± 0.45 versus 116.59 ± 4.9) significantly higher than normal controls (p<0.05). Mean HDL-Cholesterol levels were (36.92 mg/dl ± 7.70 versus 51 ± 5.46) statistically significantly higher than normal controls (p<0.05). Mean LDL-Cholesterollevels were(132.95mg/dl ± 32.26 versus 99.36 ± 17.75) statistically significantly higher in pre-eclamptic as compared to normal controls (p<0.05). Conclusion: Pre-eclamptic women had deranged lipid profile as compared to normal pregnant women.

Lipid Profile and Clinical Characteristics of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Preeclampsia Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and other maternal and foetal complications of pregnancy. The aims of the study were to evaluate the serum lipid profile of women with GDM, and determine the number of women with GDM who have preeclampsia (PE). A retrospective study of 84 women with GDM and 90 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (controls) was conducted. Women with GDM had significantly higher parity (p=0.047), total cholesterol (p=0.039) and triglycerides (p=0.033), but non-significantly lower HDL-cholesterol (p=0.086) when compared to controls. Systolic blood pressure was significantly elevated in women with GDM coupled with PE (GDM-PE; p=0.015), the mean birth weight of infants born to women with GDM-PE was significantly lower than that of women with only GDM (p=0.025). Women with GDM-PE had significantly higher triglycerides (p=0.020), had to be more multi-gravida (p=0.047) with significantly elevated VLDL-cholesterol (p=0.037) when compared with women with only GDM. 11.9% of women with GDM had PE. On the basis of these findings, it can be concluded that GDM is associated with hyperlipidaemia as evident by the significantly elevated total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Women with dyslipidaemia and GDM are at risk of developing preeclampsia. It is imperative that blood lipids be evaluated in women with GDM during antenatal care as it would be helpful in the early detection and treatment of PE.

Background: Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are the most common medical complication seen during pregnancy, affecting around 5-10% of all pregnancies. Raised blood pressure in pregnancy is the major cause of fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. The most important feature in preeclampsia is hypertension which is supposed to be due to vasospastic phenomenon in kidney, uterus, placenta and brain. Altered lipid synthesis leading to decrease in PGI2:TXA2 ratio is also supposed to be an important way of pathogenesis in pregnancy induced hypertension.Methods: This one-year prospective case control study total 200 pregnant women attending antenatal care and admitted in eclampsia ward fulfiling the inclusion criteria were studied. Serum lipid profile was estimated by semiautomatic analyzers. Statistical analysis of data was done by student’s t-test and p-value.Results: Mean total cholesterol in pregnancy induced hypertension was 278.5±52.52 mg/dl and normal pregnancy was 245.47±20.075 mg/dl. Mean triglycerides in pregnancy induced hypertension was 249.88±92.575 mg/dl and normal pregnancy was 206.89±46.345 mg/dl. Mean HDL in pregnancy induced hypertension was 43.69±4.135 mg/dl and normal pregnancy was 49.9±6.501 mg/dl. Mean LDL in pregnancy induced hypertension was 174.43±39.083 mg/ dl and normal pregnancy was 151.22±19.92 mg/dl. Mean VLDL in pregnancy induced hypertension was 46.885±15.143 mg/dl and in normal pregnancy was 40.964±9.061 mg/dl, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, triglycerides were increased in pregnancy induced hypertension when compared to normal pregnancy, which is statistically significant.Conclusions: We concluded that the Patient who developed pre-eclampsia have abnormal lipid profile. This abnormal lipid profile is responsible for endothelial dysfunction. This endothelial dysfunction may play a key role the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia. Early detection of these parameters may help patient by preventing complications and is going to aid in better management of pre-eclampsia.

The aim of this study is to assess dyslipidemia status among hypertensive pregnant women and to correlate with preeclampsia in Gaza Strip. A cross sectional study was conducted on 85 pregnant women attending the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of tertiary care in Gaza Strip (49-hypertension pregnant woman as patients and 36 normal pregnant women without hypertension as a control). Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was found to be associated with fetus sex and it was higher with male fetus 28.6 % and twins 12.2% compared with control. The majority of the PIH patient were obese BMI (32.9 ±4.6) compared with control (25.7±3.5) (P < 0.001). Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, among PIH patients were high (175.3±56.6, 226.9±130.1, 67.4±51.4 mg/dl) respectively, compared with control (143.8±44.1, 186.3 ±101.3, 48.9±46.5 mg/dl) respectively. Abnormal lipid profile and low HDL-C levels may add to the promotion of vascular dysfunction during pregnancy and may induce hypertension and eventually pre-eclampsia and serious complications of fetus.

Introduction: It is still difficult to identify women who are more likely to develop preeclampsia, even after decades of research into the condition. Determining whether women are "at-risk" is a crucial goal because a marker that identified high-risk women would enable greater surveillance in secondary care, recruiting for studies of possible therapeutic drugs, accurate diagnosis, and prompt action when issues arise. Predicting preeclampsia in women with underlying medical disorders would also be beneficial for tailored therapy. Objective:To determine the association of hyperuricemia and dyslipidemia with pre-eclampsia in primigravida. Materials & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Chemical Pathology section, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, from June 15, 2023, to December 16, 2023, on primigravida aged 18-35 years in their third trimester attending OPD and Indoor Gynecology Department of the hospital. Patients with alreadynown diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, HBV, HIV, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), using aspirin, corticosteroids, and antihypertensive medication were excluded. Lipid profile and uric acid were estimated in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy and results compared between the groups. SPSS 23 was used for data analysis and p≤0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Mean serum cholesterol in study subjects with preeclampsia was 260.97±36.74mg/dl, mean serum triglyceride was 248.88 ± 34.55mg/dl, mean serum HDL-c was 37.57 ± 5.17mg/dl, and mean LDL-c was 160.06 ± 27.85mg/dl. The difference of mean serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-c, LDL-c was found statistically significant with p value <0.05. Mean serum uric acid level was found higher in preeclampsia as compared to normal pregnancy with statistically significant difference (p= 0.0001). Conclusion: Hyperuricemia and dyslipidemia were found as significant biochemical abnormalities in females with preeclampsia when compared to normal pregnancy.

AbstractAim: To investigate the correlation between elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein anddyslipidaemia with the occurrence of pregnancy-induced hypertension.Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics andGynaecology, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India from January 2020 to December 2020. Thestudy population was 18-35 years old pregnant women after 20 weeks of gestation. Case: Women with pregnancyinduced hypertension with age 18-35 years after 20 weeks of gestation. Case includes-Gestational hypertension,Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia. Control: Pregnant normotensive women with the same age group and gestation. Asthis study includes more variables so for better statistical results sample size is increased to 60 in each group. 60patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension with age between 18-35 years after 20 weeks of gestation (case).60 pregnant normotensive patients of the same age and gestation (Control).Results: Mean serum total cholesterol (261.13±68.62), serum LDL (183.76±66.51), serum triglycerides (285.98±125.61) and CRP (6.98±4.21) were higher in case compared to that in control (220.46±54.16), (121.90±33.36),(189.03±64.38) and (5.26±2.72) respectively. Mean serum HDL was lower in the case (45.86±15.25) ascompared to that in control (54.06±12.03). All these findings were statistically significant (p≤0.05). Table 6describes the comparison of lipid profile and C-reactive protein among groups-preeclampsia, eclampsia,gestational HTNand normotensive pregnancy, which were statistically significant (p≤0.05). Among the cases58.3% and among controls 31.7% had serum cholesterol ≥ 299 mg/dl and respondents with serum cholesterol ≥299 mg/dl had a 3.02 times more chance to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension which was statisticallysignificant (p=0.003). Among cases 15.0% and among controls 3.3% hadserum HDL < 52mg/dl and respondentswith serum HDL < 52 mg/dl had 5.11 times more chance to develop pregnancy-inducedhypertension which wasstatistically significant (p=0.027). Among cases 61.7% and among controls 11.7% had serum LDL level ≥ 184mg/dl and respondents with serum LDL level ≥ 184 mg/dl had 10.18 times more chance to develop pregnancyinduced hypertension which was statisticallysignificant (p<0.001). Among cases 68.3% and among control 38.3%had serum TG level ≥ 382 mg/dl and respondents with serum TG level ≥ 382 mg/dl had 3.47 times morechance to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension which was statisticallysignificant (p=0.001).Conclusion: In conclusion, based on the results presented in this study we found that high CRP and dyslipidemiawere associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension.

<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study is to evaluate the levels of vitamin D in pregnant women with preeclampsia and eclampsia and to investigate its correlation with fetomaternal outcomes, including maternal complications and neonatal health parameters. <strong>Materials and methods:</strong> The study included 100 pregnant women beyond 28 weeks of gestation with singleton pregnancies. Women with multiple pregnancies, diabetes, or chronic health conditions were excluded. Routine investigations, including fasting lipid profiles and a 75g glucose screening test (GST), were conducted. Lipid profile thresholds included total cholesterol &lt;200 mg%, triglycerides &lt;150 mg%, HDL 30&ndash;70 mg%, LDL &lt;100 mg%, and VLDL 2&ndash;30 mg%. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was diagnosed using the DIPSI criteria (venous glucose &gt;140 mg% post-GST), while pregnancy-induced hypertension, preterm labor, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy were diagnosed based on standard clinical and biochemical criteria. Statistical analyses were done using SSPS software. <strong>Results:</strong> In the study of 30 healthy pregnant women, 35 preeclamptic women, and 35 eclamptic women, significant differences were observed in gestational age, blood pressure, fetal birth weight, and vitamin D levels. Gestational age at delivery was lower in preeclamptic (36.2&plusmn;2.5 weeks) and eclamptic women (34.1&plusmn;2.3 weeks) compared to healthy pregnancies (38.2&plusmn;2.1 weeks, P&lt;0.002). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly elevated in preeclamptic (160/110.2 mmHg) and eclamptic women (160.1/112.3 mmHg) compared to healthy controls (117.2/65.2 mmHg, P&lt;0.002). Fetal birth weights were significantly reduced in preeclamptic (2,112&plusmn;712.22 g) and eclamptic women (2,654&plusmn;702.1 g) compared to healthy pregnancies (3,662&plusmn;621.45 g, P&lt;0.002). Vitamin D levels were also markedly lower in preeclamptic (18.2&plusmn;3.76 ng/ml) and eclamptic women (19.1&plusmn;4.01 ng/ml) compared to healthy pregnant women (24.2&plusmn;5.01 ng/ml, P&lt;0.002). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study establishes a significant association between low vitamin D levels and an increased risk of preeclampsia, eclampsia, and adverse fetomaternal outcomes. These findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may help mitigate these risks, though further research is needed to fully understand its potential role in preventing or managing hypertensive pregnancy disorders.

Abstract: Objective: to know the glycemic and lipidaemic status in patients with acute myocardial infarction, and with the secondary objective to know the effect of age, gender, diabetes, smoking, hypertension on fasting glucose and lipid levels. Methods and materials: The 74 patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction during the study period of one year were analysed for fasting glucose values and serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Results: The mean serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were 233.28±45.34, 139.22±41.71, 171.43±36.53 and 27.07±36.53 respectively. Mean levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose values were not affected by age, gender, BMI, hypertension and smoking. BMI &gt;30kg/m2 was associated with increased levels of total cholesterol(p=0.013) and LDL cholesterol(p=0.014). Also increase LDL cholesterol was seen in male gender(p=0.04). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol was 82.4%,77% and 78% respectively. Diabetes had no effect on lipid profile. Conclusion: our study highlighted the prevalence of dyslipidemias associated with myocardial infarction but not significant impact of fasting glucose levels.

Pre-eclampsia is common medical complication of pregnancy. The association of altered lipid profile in essential hypertension is well documented. The present study was planned to study the role of altered lipid profile in the development of pre- eclampsia.&nbsp;<strong>Methodology:</strong>&nbsp;The study comprised of 30 normal pregnant women and 30 pre-eclamptic women in their third trimester of pregnancy. Serum Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL Cholesterol and HDL- Cholesterol by enzymatic colorimetric method were done.&nbsp;<strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp;There was significant rise in Serum Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL Cholesterol and a significant decrease in HDL Cholesterol in pre-eclamptic group as compared to normal healthy pregnant women.&nbsp;<strong>Conclusion:</strong>&nbsp;Altered lipid profile also has a potential role in the genesis of endothelial dysfunction and expression of pre-eclampsia. Early detection of these parameters may help patient by preventing complications in pre-eclampsia and is going to aid in better management of Pre-eclampsia. &nbsp; &nbsp;