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Journal articles on the topic 'Prefabricated vertical drain'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 June 2025

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1

Fitriani, Eka Nur, and Suprapti Suprapti. "ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS PEKERJAAN PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TIME STUDY." Konstruksia 12, no. 1 (2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/jk.12.1.27-34.

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PVD (Prefabricated Vertical Drain) merupakan teknik perbaikan tanah dengan prinsip mengeluarkan kadar air pori di dalam tanah sehingga mempercepat waktu penurunan tanah. Saat ini metode prefabricated vertical drain banyak digunakan untuk pembangunan khususnya yang berdiri di atas tanah lunak. Selama ini, waktu pekerjaan prefabricated vertical drain ditentukan berdasarkan pengalaman pekerjaan prefabricated vertical drain di proyek-proyek terdahulu. Metode time study dapat digunakan sebagai perhitungan dalam menentukan produktivitas pada pekerjaan konstruksi, contohnya pada pekerjaan pemasangan prefabricated vertical drain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung produktivitas prefabricated vertical drain yang meliputi pekerjaan pembuatan titik, pemancangan PVD, pemotongan PVD dengan menggunakan metode time study, yang berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemasangan PVD salah satunya yaitu ketinggian rig. Dilakukan pengamatan pada proyek dengan ketinggian rig 18 m dan 24 m. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan waktu pelaksanaan untuk kedalaman pemasangan 14 m, ketinggian rig 18 m serta mesin dasarnya excavator PC 200 didapatkan standard time pada produktivitas pekerjaan prefabricated vertical drain per-m panjang yaitu 0,089 menit (5,340 detik). Sedangkan pada kedalaman pemasangan 21 m, ketinggian rig 24 m serta mesin dasarnya PC 300 didapatkan standard time pada produktivitas pekerjaan prefabricated vertical drain per-m panjang 0,084 menit (5,040 detik). Berdasarkan perhitungan didapatkan bahwa semakin besar mesin dasar maka semakin besar nilai produktivitas pekerjaanya.
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2

Hong, H. P., and J. Q. Shang. "Probabilistic analysis of consolidation with prefabricated vertical drains for soil improvement." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 35, no. 4 (1998): 666–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t98-031.

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Prefabricated vertical drains are often used to accelerate the consolidation and to gain strength in soft clayey soils. The consolidation process depends on several uncertain parameters including the coefficients of consolidation and coefficients of permeability in vertical and horizontal directions and the discharge capacity of the vertical drains. A sensitivity analysis of the degree of consolidation to these uncertain parameters is presented for clayey deposits. Results of the analysis suggest that the most important uncertain parameter that affects the consolidation process is the horizontal coefficient of consolidation. The implication of this uncertain parameter in the design of prefabricated vertical drains for soil improvement is discussed. Two approaches are proposed for selecting drain spacing employing a design value of the horizontal coefficient of consolidation. One of the approaches is probability based and the other is minimum expected cost based.Key words: consolidation, prefabricated vertical drains, drain spacing, probability, expected cost, optimal design.
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3

Abuel-Naga, Hossam, and Abdelmalek Bouazza. "Equivalent diameter of a prefabricated vertical drain." Geotextiles and Geomembranes 27, no. 3 (2009): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.006.

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4

Indraratna, Buddhima, Chamari Bamunawita, and Hadi Khabbaz. "Numerical modeling of vacuum preloading and field applications." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 41, no. 6 (2004): 1098–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-054.

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This study describes the effect of unsaturation at a drain boundary on the behaviour of a single prefabricated vertical drain subjected to vacuum preloading based on a two-dimensional plane strain finite element model incorporating the modified Cam–Clay model. Unsaturation of soil adjacent to the drain can occur due to mandrel withdrawal or application of vacuum pressure through prefabricated vertical band drains (PVDs). Following initial laboratory simulation in a large-scale radial drainage consolidometer, the authors have attempted to explain the observed retardation of pore pressure dissipation through a series of models, which consider the effect of unsaturation at the drain-soil interface. The results indicate that the introduction of an unsaturated soil layer adjacent to a PVD improves the accuracy of numerical predictions. Lastly, a multidrain analysis is conducted to study the behaviour of an embankment stabilized with vertical drains subjected to vacuum preloading, and the field measurements are compared with a series of numerical model predictions.Key words: consolidation, embankment, finite element method, settlement, soft clay, vacuum preloading, vertical drains.
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5

Michael, Joshua, and Aksan Kawanda. "PERENCANAAN PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEMEN UNTUK MEMPEROLEH POLA DAN JARAK YANG EFEKTIF." JMTS: Jurnal Mitra Teknik Sipil 3, no. 3 (2020): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmts.v3i3.8759.

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As a city develops, less areas will be available for constructions. Out of these available lands, a large quantity of areas has low soil bearing capacity and great amount of settlement. For this type of soil, loading is required in order to stabilize it. This will push out porewater contained inside the soil. However, reaching the expected settlement requires a long time, which can be solved by using prefabricated vertical drain to speed up the process. This is possible because prefabricated vertical drain decreases the travel distance of porewater to half of the vertical drain. Calculations for this thesis are done using one dimensional consolidation method, finite element method, and asaoka method for actual data calculation from the field. Using one dimensional consolidation method, with prefabricated vertical drain distance of 1.2 m in triangular pattern, resulted in settlement level of 2.048 m for 110 days. Using finite element method resulted in settlement level of 2.604 m for 120 days. On the other hand, using asaoka method resulted in settlement level of 1.422 m for 102 days. This difference is caused by lack of depth data from the laboratory.Semakin berkembangnya jaman maka pembangunan semakin banyak sehingga lahan untuk dilakukannya pembangunan semakin sedikit. Sekarang banyak tanah yang memiliki daya dukung kecil dan penurunan yang besar contohnya seperti tanah lunak. Agar tanah model ini dapat memiliki kondisi yang stabil , maka solusinya diberi beban sehingga air pori dari dalam tanah dapat tertekan keluar. Namun untuk mencapai penurunan yang diinginkan membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama, disini digunakan metode prefabricated vertical drain untuk mempercepat penurunan. Prefabricated vertical drain disini membuat jarak tempuh air pori tanah yang sebelumnya setebal tanah lunak, menjadi setengah jarak antar prefabricated vertical drain. Perhitungan analisa pada skripsi ini menggunakan metode one dimensional consolidation, metode elemen hingga, dan metode asaoka sebagai perhitungan hasil aktual dari data lapangan. Penurunan total menggunakan metode one dimensional consolidation dengan jarak antar prefabricated vertical drain 1.2m dengan pola segitiga sebesar 2.048 m selama 110 hari, sedangkan dari metode elemen hingga didapatkan penurunan sebesar 2.604 m selama 120 hari. Dari data settlement recording yang dihitung menggunakan metode asaoka terjadi penurunan sebesar 1.422 m selama 102 hari. Perbedaan disini disebabkan oleh kurang banyaknya sample kedalaman dari data laboratorium.
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6

Vo, Phan, and Giang Thien Nguyen. "APPLICATION OF SUPER BOARD DRAIN (SBD) TO REPLACE THE SAND MAT IN SOFT SOIL TREATMENT BY USING PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN (PVD) WITH PRELOADING METHOD." Science and Technology Development Journal 12, no. 18 (2009): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v12i18.2386.

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The report will introduce a new technology using Prefabricated Horizontal Drain (called Super Board Drain -SBD) which is replaced for Sand Mat in soft soil treatment by using Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) with preloading method and sand filled layer (Sand Mat) designed as the horizontal drainage for PVD through East-West Highway Construction Project.
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7

Bari, Mohammad Wasiul, Mohamed A. Shahin, and Abdul-Hamid Soubra. "Probabilistic analyses of soil consolidation by prefabricated vertical drains for single-drain and multi-drain systems." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 40, no. 17 (2016): 2398–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.2535.

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8

Firmansyah, Hafiz, and M. Afief Ma'ruf. "THE ANALYSIS OF HORIZONTAL DRAIN DESIGN IN SOFT SOIL REINCFORCEMENT." CERUCUK 3, no. 1 (2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/crc.v3i1.1103.

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To help the process of consolidation of the soil, On the port access road Trisakti using Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) materials. Of the work (PVD) thing to note is the horizontal drainage, because it was feared the absence of Horizontal Drain work item function of PVD become non-optimal even it might does not work, so the necessary design analysis of Horizontal Drain that can be used on the project. Analysis of Horizontal Drain design is intended to get the Horizontal Drain design alternatives the most optimal based on quality, cost and time.The methods used in the analysis of the design of Horizontal Drain this is a soft soil improvement method using PVD with attention to soil degradation and the planning of the heap.In the design of the installation of PVD method using static, obtained the degree of consolidation of 90% takes 9.33 months. The calculation of Horizontal Drain in the discharge value must be in flush in one horizontal drain line is (minimum permeability). From the results of the analysis there is some material horizontal drain of qualified (in terms of time, cost and quality of workmanship) then get : Rough sand (10.93, Rp. 24.050.000.000,-, and 9.4 months), Fine sand (16.24, Rp-16,835,000,000.0, and 9.4 months), PHD (Horizontal Prefabricated Drain) (74.01, Rp-13,101,140,000.0, and 5.6 months) so that it can be concluded that the material PHD (Horizontal Prefabricated Drain) the most efficient in terms of quality, cost, and time. Keywords: Consolidation, Degrees of consolidation, Horizontal Drain, Preloading, Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD), Prefabricated Horizontal Drain (PHD).
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9

Miura, N., and J. C. Chai. "Discharge Capacity of Prefabricated Vertical Drain Confined in-clay." Geosynthetics Engineering Journal 15 (2000): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5030/jcigsjournal.15.102.

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10

SHINSHA, Hiroshi, Ayato TSUTSUMI, and Masaki KITAZUME. "EXPERIMENTAL STURDIES ON PERMEABILITY OF BENDED PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B3 (Ocean Engineering) 71, no. 2 (2015): I_1095—I_1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejoe.71.i_1095.

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11

Chen, Jian, Qiao Liang Tang, and Shi Jing Liu. "The Experimental Research of Slurry Improvement with Different Kinds of Vertical Drains under New Vacuum Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.396.

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The results of experimental research are presented and discussed with focus on the ground improvement effect of slurry with different kinds of vertical drains under new vacuum conditions. In these conditions, horizontal sand cushion, which is requested in regular vacuum preloading method, is cancelled. Vertical drains are connected with sealed pipes, so the vacuum head can be transmitted into vertical drains without decreasing. For the experimental research, slurry taken from reclaimed soil zone is placed into six model casing boxes. Different kinds of vertical drains (prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) and sand drains) are installed into the soil with different spacing (0.4 m and 0.8 m). A vacuum pressure of 80 kPa was applied continuously for 90 days. The effect of filter type of PVD, type of vertical drain and drain spacing under new vacuum preloading condition to slurry soil improvement is examined. Test results show that this new vacuum preloading condition can transmit vacuum head into vertical drains efficiently and the effect of drain filter to slurry improvement is affected by the drain spacing.
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12

Aspara, Wimpie Agoeng Noegroho, and Eka Nur Fitriani. "PENGARUH JARAK DAN POLA PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN (PVD) PADA PERBAIKAN TANAH LEMPUNG LUNAK = EFFECT OF DISTANCE AND PATTERN OF PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN FOR IMPROVEMENT OF SOFT CLAY SOIL." Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri 10, no. 1 (2016): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/mipi.v10i1.102.

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AbstractIf a structure for reasons of technical, economic, social, or startegic is to be built on a soft ground, then there are usually two problems to be solved, namely the low geotechnical bearing capacity and large soil deformation with sometimes differential settlement. Pre-compression is a foundation soil compression process with the provision of temporary loading (preloading) before actually constructing a building. Pre-fabricated vertical drain is a synthetic drainage system installed vertically inside soft soil layers. Soil condition at the project activity is a relatively very soft clay soil with relatively high coefficient of consolidation resulting in very long period of consolidation process. Therefore, it is needed advance soil improvement by prealoding of pre-fabricated vertical drain. Spacings of installed PVD vary, those are 50 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, and 200 cm with a pattern of triangles and rectangles. Based on the analytical calculation, it is resulted that optimum PVD distance to achieve 90% consolidation is 150 cm with a triangular pattern. The time of consolidation was achieved within four months. AbstrakKetika suatu struktur karena alasan-alasan teknis, ekonomi, sosial, atau strategis terpaksa didirikan di atas tanah lunak, maka biasanya ada dua masalah geoteknik yang harus dipecahkan yaitu daya dukung yang rendah dan penurunan serta beda penurunan yang besar. Prakompresi adalah suatu proses pemampatan tanah pondasi dengan jalan pemberian pembebanan sementara (prabeban/preloading) sebelum konstruksi yang sesungguhnya didirikan. Prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) adalah sistem drainase buatan yang dipasang vertikal di dalam lapisan tanah lunak. Kondisi tanah di lokasi kegiatan relatif sangat lunak dengan koefisien konsolidasi relatif sangat tinggi mengakibatkan proses konsolidasi berjalan relatif sangat lama. Untuk itu diperlukan perbaikan tanah terlebih dahulu dengan prealoading menggunakan PVD. Jarak spasi antar PVD yang dipasang bervaiasi yaitu 50 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, dan 200 cm dengan pola konfigurasi segitiga dan segiempat. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan secara analitis didapatkan jarak optimum PVD untuk mencapai konsolidasi 90% adalah 150 cm dengan pola segitiga dengan proses konsolidasi dicapai selama waktu penurunan 4 bulan.
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13

Oktavia, Erika, and Andryan Suhendra. "EVALUASI KINERJA VERTICAL DRAIN PADA PROYEK JALAN TOL DI SUMATERA DITINJAU DARI ASPEK KONSOLIDASI." JMTS: Jurnal Mitra Teknik Sipil 4, no. 2 (2021): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmts.v0i0.11080.

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Over time, there has been more development, this has made less land for development. However, development still has to go on. One of the infrastructure that is currently needed is toll roads to increase the efficiency of movement from one place to another. One of the serious problems at this time is that many soils have small bearing capacity and large settlement, for example, such as soft soil. In order for this model soil to have a stable condition, the solution is loaded so that the pore water from the soil can be pressed out. However, it takes a long time to achieve the desired settlement, here the prefabricated vertical drain method is used to accelerate the settlement. Prefabricated vertical drain here makes the distance between the pore water that was previously thick as soft soil, to half the distance between prefabricated vertical drains. The analysis calculation in this thesis uses the one dimensional consolidation method, the finite element method, and the asaoka method as the calculation of the actual results from field data. The results of this study found that the difference in the degree of consolidation between the theoretical calculations and the Asaoka method was 3.4303%.
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14

Chai, Jinchun, Dennes T. Bergado, and Shui-Long Shen. "Modelling prefabricated vertical drain improved ground in plane strain analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement 166, no. 2 (2013): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/grim.11.00007.

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15

Chairani, Priscilla Azzahra. "PERANCANGAN EFEKTIVITAS PERBAIKAN TANAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (CESD) 3, no. 2 (2020): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/cesd.v3i2.8553.

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<p><em>As a country that surrounded by active volcanoes, Indonesia has a very diverse clay soil content. However, in reality, clay soil is an unfavorable condition for construction activities because of its low-level of stability. Therefore, when the clay soil receives a static load on it, the soil will slowly have a settlement due to the dissipation of pore water. This settlement usually occurs over a very long period of time, thus, it is necessary to do the soil improvement using Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) combined with preloading in order to shorten the time of soil consolidation so that the consolidation process becomes faster. Soil settlement analysis is calculated using two soil parameters derived from the NSPT correlation data and laboratory test data to determine the most efficient soil parameters. Furthermore, a theoretical soil improvement analysis was carried out by comparing Baron's theory and Hansbo's theory and using the Settle3D analysis program. The analysis results show that the calculation of consolidation settlement using soil parameters from laboratory test results has the closest value to the actual results in the field with a efficiency of 91%. Meanwhile, for soil improvement, the most effective PVD design was chosen using the Hansbo theory with a triangular installation pattern and a spacing of 150 cm combined with a gradual embankment.</em></p>
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16

Bo, M. W. "Discharge capacity of prefabricated vertical drain and their field measurements." Geotextiles and Geomembranes 22, no. 1-2 (2004): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-1144(03)00050-5.

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17

Liu, Han-long, and Jian Chu. "A new type of prefabricated vertical drain with improved properties." Geotextiles and Geomembranes 27, no. 2 (2009): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.09.006.

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18

Ali, Rifki. "Perbaikan Tanah Lempung Lunak Dengan Metode Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD)." Jurnal Poli-Teknologi 19, no. 2 (2020): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.32722/pt.v19i2.2745.

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19

Dong, Phan Huy. "Influence of vertical drains on improving dredged mud by vacuum consolidation method." Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (STCE) - NUCE 12, no. 5 (2018): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2018-12(5)-07.

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Vacuum consolidation preloading method (VCM) has been widely adopted as an effective solution for soft soil improvement over the world. Recently, VCM has been successfully applied for improving the geotechnical properties of dredged mud, which is normally dumped at reclamation area by hydraulic pumping. However, it has been also reported that application of VCM for treatment of the dredged mud has been failed in some particular cases. The failures are mainly caused by clogging problem in vertical drains due to fine-grained soils that reduces the drainage efficiency of drainage system. To address this issue, a series of model tests have been conducted to investigate the performances of vertical drains among prefabricated vertical drain, sand drain and filter pipe. As the goal, the performances of types of the vertical drain solutions are analyzed based on the monitoring data of settlement, influencing zone surrounding the vertical drains. The test results reveal that sand drain shows the best performance among the others. In addition, the clogging problem is clearly shown in case of PVD. Keywords: dredging slurry; vacuum consolidation method; model test; PVD; filter pipe; sand drain.
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20

Geng, Xueyu, Buddhima Indraratna, and Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn. "Effectiveness of partially penetrating vertical drains under a combined surcharge and vacuum preloading." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48, no. 6 (2011): 970–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t11-011.

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This paper considers the consolidation of a layer of clay in which partially penetrating prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) are used in conjunction with a combined surcharge and vacuum preloading. Analytical solutions for partially penetrating PVDs are derived by considering vacuum pressure (suction), time-dependent embankment surcharge, well resistance, and smear zone. Three-dimensional seepage with a virtual vertical drain is assumed to reflect real seepage into the soil beneath the tip of a PVD. Analytical solutions were then used to examine the length of the vertical drain and vacuum pressure on soft clay to determine the consolidation time and degree of consolidation, associated settlement, and distribution of suction along the drain. The proposed solutions are then employed to analyse a case history. Finally, an appropriate PVD length in relation to clay thickness and drain spacing is recommended for various loading patterns.
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21

Ahmad Tajudin, Saiful Azhar, Mohd Fairus Yusof, I. Bakar, Aminaton Marto, Muhammad Nizam Zakaria, and Mohd Ezree Abdullah. "Numerical Modelling of Prefabricated Vertical Drain for Soft Clay Using ABAQUS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 1502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.1502.

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Construction, buildings and infrastructure founded on soft clays are often affected by settlement problem. Therefore, Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) is one of the best solutions to accelerate soil consolidation by shortening the drainage path. In this study, numerical investigation was carried out to pursue a better understanding of the consolidation behavior of soft clay improved with PVD. The consolidation process accelerated by PVD with surcharge of 50 kPa was analysed using the ABAQUS software by adopting an elastic model. The aim of this study is to compare the settlement and the required time to fully consolidate the soft soil at different drain spacings (1.0 m, 1.5 m and 2.0 m) for two different thickness of the clay layer. The results shows that the time required to completely consolidate the soft soil for 12 m and 20 m thickness of clay layer with different spacings are in the range of 3 months to 66 months. The settlement rate and excess pore water pressure dissipation are increased when the spacing of the drain closer.
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22

Nghia-Nguyen, Trong, Sanjay Kumar Shukla, Dang Dinh Chung Nguyen, Le Gia Lam, Phuoc H-Dang, and Phu-Cuong Nguyen. "A new discrete method for solution to consolidation problem of ground with vertical drains subjected to surcharge and vacuum loadings." Engineering Computations 37, no. 4 (2019): 1213–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-01-2019-0035.

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Purpose This paper aims to present a new discrete method to predict average excess pore pressure and degree of consolidation for soft ground using prefabricated vertical drains under time-dependent surcharge and/or vacuum loading and multi-soil layers. Design/methodology/approach The drain is discretized into a number of mesh points at which the average excess pore pressure is estimated. The conventional Laplace technique is used to solve the analytical equations. The proposed method is validated with previous findings reported in the literature. Moreover, field measurements are used to verify the accuracy of the proposed method with a case history of ground improvement by prefabricated vertical drains using the vacuum consolidation technique. Findings In comparison to past studies, this new discrete method is simpler to be implemented in a spreadsheet calculation to achieve a rational solution with less computational time for similar consolidation problems. Moreover, the current approach also incorporates a solution for multi-soil layers, which can hardly be derived by analytical solutions. Originality/value According to authors’ knowledge, this is the first-time discrete method by Laplace transform technique is applied for the vertical drain.
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23

Wu, Yajun, Binjie Song, Yitian Lu, Qingyang Deng, and Guang Chen. "Experimental Study on the Influencing Factors of Treatment of Landfill Sludge Using Vacuum Preloading with the Fenton Reagent." Geofluids 2021 (June 16, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9962141.

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At present, there is a lack of necessary technical parameters for sludge vacuum reinforcement. To explore the effects of the drain board type on sludge vacuum reinforcement, the Fenton reagent was used to pretreat the landfill sludge in a sludge landfill area in Shanghai, and then, vacuum preloading contrast tests of different prefabricated vertical drainage types were carried out. During the test, the discharge and settlement of sludge were recorded. After the test, the moisture content, shear strength, and appearance of PVD were measured and analysed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the optimum ratio of H2O2 and Fe2+ is 2 for the landfill sludge; (2) the total displacement and accumulated settlement of the test group with integral prefabricated vertical drainage are 1.7 times and 1.2 times those of the separate prefabricated vertical drainage, respectively; (3) the type of prefabricated vertical drainage has no effect on the distribution of water content and shear strength; and (4) when the sludge is vacuum strengthened, the integral prefabricated vertical drainage should be preferred.
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24

Fitriani, Eka Nur, and Budi Susetyo. "IMPLEMENTASI JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN (JST) PADA PRODUKTIVITAS PEKERJAAN PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN." Rekayasa Sipil 7, no. 2 (2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jrs.2018.v07.i2.02.

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25

Abuel-Naga, H., A. Bouazza, J. Bowders, and O. Collazos. "Numerical evaluation of prefabricated vertical drain enhanced soil vapour extraction system." Geosynthetics International 15, no. 3 (2008): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gein.2008.15.3.216.

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26

Ali, Faisal Haji. "A Method to Test the Performance of a Prefabricated Vertical Drain." Soils and Foundations 33, no. 2 (1993): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_181.

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27

Indraratna, B., J. Ni, and C. Rujikiatkamjorn. "Investigation on effectiveness of a prefabricated vertical drain during cyclic loading." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 10 (June 1, 2010): 012091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/10/1/012091.

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28

Hore, Ripon, Sudipta Chakraborty, and Mehedi A. Ansary. "A Field Investigation to Improve Soft Soils Using Prefabricated Vertical Drain." Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology 7, no. 2 (2019): 127–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40515-019-00093-8.

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Gunawan, Tomy, Alfred Jonathan S, and Ali Iskandar. "ANALISIS PENURUNAN PADA TIMBUNAN DENGAN PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN (PVD) MENGGUNAKAN DATA HASIL UJI CPTu." JMTS: Jurnal Mitra Teknik Sipil 3, no. 1 (2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmts.v3i1.7046.

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Investigation of soil is important to do in the planning of building construction such as foundations, piles, roads, etc. To find out the bearing capacity and parameters of the soil where a building will be built. Investigation of the soil can be done in various ways, one of which uses an electrical cone penetration test with pore water pressure. In the embankment project for the calculations on the soil so that it can be known about the settlement in soil and the length of time it reaches the hydrostatic level. Cone penetraton test is reqired and the results produce data in the form of cone resistance (qc), blanket friction (fs) and pore pressure (u) which will be processed in the CPET-IT program in order to produce soil parameters that will be used for soil settlement analysis. To find out the settlement of embankment soil, it will be supported by finite difference program. Results of studies on general is to find the effectiveness of embankment using prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) and without prefabricated vertical drain (PVD).AbstrakPenyelidikan terhadap tanah penting untuk dilakukan pada perencanaan konstruksi bangunan seperti pondasi, timbunan, jalan, dll. Untuk mengetahui daya dukung dan parameter-parameter tanah tempat akan dibangunnya sebuah bangunan Penyelidikan tanah dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai macam cara salah satunya adalah menggunakan uji sondir elektrik dengan tekanan air pori. Pada proyek timbunan memerlukan perhitungan pada tanahnya agar dapat diketahui besarnya penurunan pada tanah dan lama waktu tanah mencapai keadaan hidrostatis. Sehingga dilakukan uji sondir secara elektrik dan dari hasil uji sondir menghasilkan data berupa tahanan konus (qc), gesekan selimut (fs) dan pore pressure (u) yang akan diolah kedalam program CPET-IT agar menghasilkan parameter-parameter tanah yang akan digunakan untuk analisis penurunan pada tanah.Untuk mengetahui besarnya penurunan pada tanah timbunan maka akan dibantu program berbasis elemen higga. Hasil studi secara umum menunjukkan seberapa besar efektivitas pada timbunan dengan menggunakan prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) dan tanpa prefabricated vertical drain (PVD).
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Guo, Xiao, Kang-He Xie, and Yue-Bao Deng. "Consolidation by Prefabricated Vertical Drains with a Threshold Gradient." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/410390.

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This paper shows the development of an approximate analytical solution of radial consolidation by prefabricated vertical drains with a threshold gradient. To understand the effect of the threshold gradient on consolidation, a parametric analysis was performed using the present solution. The applicability of the present solution was demonstrated in two cases, wherein the comparisons with Hansbo’s results and observed data were conducted. It was found that (1) the flow with the threshold gradient would not occur instantaneously throughout the whole unit cell. Rather, it gradually occurs from the vertical drain to the outside; (2) the moving boundary would never reach the outer radius of influence ifR+1<n, whereas it will reach the outer radius of influence at some time; (3) the excess pore pressure will not be dissipated completely, but it will maintain a long-term stable value at the end of consolidation; (4) the larger the threshold gradient is, the greater the long-term excess pore pressure will be; and (5) the present solution could predict the consolidation behavior in soft clay better than previous methods.
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31

Ningsih, Ana Crosita, Luthfi Amri Wicaksono, and Mokhamad Farid Ma'ruf. "PLANNING OF SOFT SOIL IMPROVEMENT WITH PRELOADING AND PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN METHOD." Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil dan Lingkungan 2, no. 01 (2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jrsl.v2i01.7543.

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The northern coastal areas of Java such as Gresik and surrounding areas have a soil structure of alluvium consisting of gravel / coral, sand, clay soil and shells. Soil basic conditions are soft enough to cause land subsidence (settlement). The need for rapid construction causes the urban areas to become less and more for development land. This requires the improvement of soft soil to be used as a building site. As for the method to be done in this planning using a combination of preloading and PVD methods to accelerate the process of land degradation. Based on the planning result, the total height of embankment (preloading) is 3.5 m and the planning time lasted 4 months. Soft soil improvement is done up to 25 m depth with PVD design using triangle pattern and space 1.3 m. The 95% consolidation decrease due to the load of embankment caused the soil to fall as deep as 1,928 m. In this planning use modeling Plaxis 8.6 2D and the resulting yield of soil is 1,990 m. Wilayah pesisir pantai utara Jawa seperti daerah Gresik dan sekitarnya mempunyai struktur tanah berupa alluvium yang terdiri dari batu kerikil/koral, pasir, tanah lempung dan pecahan kulit kerang. Kondisi tanah dasar yang cukup lunak menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan tanah (settlement). Adanya kebutuhan konstruksi yang semakin pesat menyebabkan wilayah perkotaan menjadi semakin sedikit untuk dijadikan lahan pembangunan. Hal ini mengharuskan dilakukannya upaya perbaikan tanah lunak agar bisa dijadikan lahan bangunan nantinya. Adapun pada metode yang akan dilakukan pada perencanaan ini menggunakan kombinasi metode preloading dan PVD untuk mempercepat proses penurunan tanah. Berdasarkan hasil perencanaan didapatkan total tinggi timbunan (preloading) adalah 3,5 m dan waktu perencanaan berlangsung 4 bulan. Perbaikan tanah lunak dilakukan sampai dengan kedalaman 25 m dengan desain PVD menggunakan pola segitiga dan spasi 1,3 m. Penurunan konsolidasi 95% akibat beban timbunan menyebabkan tanah turun sedalam 1,928 m. Pada perencanaan ini menggunakan pemodelan Plaxis 8.6 2D dan hasil penurunan tanah yang dihasilkan adalah sedalam 1,990 m.
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32

Saowapakpiboon, J., D. T. Bergado, Y. M. Thann, and P. Voottipruex. "Assessing the performance of prefabricated vertical drain with vacuum and heat preloading." Geosynthetics International 16, no. 5 (2009): 384–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gein.2009.16.5.384.

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33

Stark, Timothy D., Thomas A. Williamson, Jack Fowler, David Pezza, and Yvonne Gibbons. "Prefabricated Vertical-Drain Test Section in Craney Island Dredged Material Management Area." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 13, no. 1 (1999): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-3828(1999)13:1(8).

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34

Bo, Myint Win, Arul Arulrajah, Suksun Horpibulsuk, Avirut Chinkulkijniwat, and Melvyn Leong. "Laboratory measurements of factors affecting discharge capacity of prefabricated vertical drain materials." Soils and Foundations 56, no. 1 (2016): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2016.01.010.

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35

Suhendra, Andryan, Juliastuti, Renaldo Perdana Putra, and Ferdion Absari. "Effectiveness study of prefabricated vertical drain using vacuum preloading and surcharge preloading." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 195 (December 14, 2018): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/195/1/012004.

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36

Huang, Yuanchun, Tianyi Li, Xianlei Fu, and Zheng Chen. "Analytical solutions for the consolidation of unsaturated foundation with prefabricated vertical drain." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 44, no. 17 (2020): 2263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.3127.

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37

Zhu, Dongli, Buddhima Indraratna, Harry Poulos, and Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn. "Field study of pile – prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) interaction in soft clay." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 57, no. 3 (2020): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2018-0873.

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Piles and prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) are two well-established inclusions used by geotechnical practitioners when dealing with soft compressible foundations. Induced movements in highly compressible soil can adversely influence the pile response by inducing additional movements and stresses in the piles. Especially, undesirable soil–pile interaction often leads to the development of excess pore-water pressure during pile installation and negative skin friction caused by the settlement of compressible soil surrounding the piles. Additional drainage by PVDs prior to the installation of a pile could reduce excess pore-water pressure, lateral soil movement, and negative skin friction on the pile. In this paper, full-scale field testing on two trial embankments built on soft soil is reported and the relative behaviour of these two embankments is compared and discussed. Soft soil underneath both embankments was consolidated before one pile was installed at the centre of each embankment. The pore-water pressure, lateral soil movement, surface settlement, and associated strain at the pile shaft were recorded. The pile capacity was tested immediately and 3 h after pile installation. The monitoring and testing results indicated that preconsolidation with PVDs before piling can effectively reduce the excess pore-water pressure, lateral soil movement, and downdrag on the pile.
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38

Li, Allen Lunzhu, and R. Kerry Rowe. "Combined effects of reinforcement and prefabricated vertical drains on embankment performance." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 38, no. 6 (2001): 1266–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t01-059.

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The behaviour of geosynthetic-reinforced embankments constructed over soft cohesive soils installed with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) is investigated by numerically examining an embankment constructed over different foundation soils. The partial consolidation during embankment construction, the consequent shear strength gain of the foundation soil, and the effect of the use of reinforcement on the mobilization of shear strength are examined. It is shown that the combined use of reinforcement and PVDs can significantly increase embankment stability and potentially allow the rapid construction of higher embankments than could be achieved with either method of soil improvement alone. Construction rate and spacing of PVDs can significantly affect the degree of consolidation at the end of construction and the stability of the embankment. For the situation examined, the effect of well resistance of typical vertical drains is insignificant. A relatively simple method for calculating the degree of consolidation and the strength gain of the foundation soil during construction is evaluated based on finite element results and is shown to be reasonably conservative. A design procedure is proposed to combine the design of reinforcement and PVDs.Key words: soft clay, prefabricated vertical drain, reinforcement, embankment stability, consolidation, strength gain.
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39

Putra, Christian Eka, and Chaidir Anwar Makarim. "Analisis Alternatif Perbaikan Tanah Lunak dan Sangat Lunak pada Jalan Tol." JMTS: Jurnal Mitra Teknik Sipil 3, no. 4 (2020): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmts.v3i4.8382.

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The existence of soft soil is one of the problems in the field of construction. Soft soil is soil that has high water content and low carrying capacity. In the case of this toll road, soil investigation at the site shows that the subgrade in the toll road planning is soft clay soil to a depth of 32 meters so that soil improvement is needed. High landfill built on soft subgrade without reinforcement will experience landslides. So it is necessary to strengthen the landfill and repair the subgrade to prevent road slides. The soil improvement methods in use are vacuum preloading and Prefabricated Vertical Drain with the vacuum functioning as an additional load. In addition to accelerating the consolidation process, the vacuum can also reduce the height of the embankment needed to achieve the desired planned road elevation. Strengthening with geotextile is also carried out on the landfill with a height of 5.94 meters so that there is no landslide on the fill. Using soil improvement methods such as vacuum preloading and prefabricated vertical drain will increase the bearing capacity of the soil so that differences in bearing capacity occur before and after repair. AbstrakKeberadaan tanah lunak menjadi salah satu masalah dalam bidang konstruksi. Tanah lunak adalah tanah yang memiliki kadar air yang tinggi dan daya dukung yang rendah. Pada kasus jalan tol ini, penyelidikan tanah di lokasi menunjukan bahwa tanah dasar pada perencanaan jalan tol merupakan tanah lempung lunak hingga kedalaman 32 meter sehingga dibutuhkan perbaikan tanah dasar. Timbunan tinggi yang dibangun di atas tanah dasar lunak tanpa perkuatan akan mengalami kelongsoran. Sehingga diperlukan perkuatan timbunan dan perbaikan tanah dasar untuk mencegah kelongsoran jalan. Metode perbaikan tanah yang digunakan adalah vacuum preloading dan Prefabricated Vertical Drain dengan vacuum berfungsi sebagai beban tambahan. Selain mempercepat proses penurunan, vacuum juga dapat mengurangi tinggi timbunan yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai elevasi jalan rencana yang diinginkan. Perkuatan dengan geotextile juga dilakukan pada timbunan dengan tinggi yang mencapai 5.94 meter supaya tidak terjadi kelongsoran pada timbunan tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode perbaikan tanah berupa vacuum preloading dan prefabricated vertical drain akan meningkatkan daya dukung tanah sehingga akan diketahui perbedaan daya dukung yang terjadi sebelum dan sesudah diperbaiki.
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40

Bergado, D. T., R. Manivannan, and A. S. Balasubramaniam. "Filtration Criteria for Prefabricated Vertical Drain Geotextile Filter Jackets in Soft Bangkok Clay." Geosynthetics International 3, no. 1 (1996): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gein.3.0054.

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41

Sengul, Tayfun, Tuncer Edil, and Kutay Ozaydin. "Laboratory determination of smear and transition zones due to prefabricated vertical drain installation." Marine Georesources & Geotechnology 35, no. 7 (2017): 895–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1064119x.2016.1256924.

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42

Lilabsari, Zahra Febrina, As'ad Munawir, Yulvi Zaika, and Wahyu P. Kuswanda. "Evaluasi Kinerja Perbaikan Tanah Lunak Dengan Menggunakan Preloading dan Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD)." Rekayasa Sipil 12, no. 2 (2018): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2018.012.02.6.

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43

Chai, J. C., J. P. Carter, and S. Hayashi. "Vacuum consolidation and its combination with embankment loading." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 43, no. 10 (2006): 985–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t06-056.

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A method is proposed for determining the optimum penetration depth of prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) in cases where vacuum consolidation is combined with the use of PVDs in a clayey deposit with two-way drainage. The advantages of combining vacuum pressure with embankment loading are discussed in terms of reducing preloading-induced lateral displacement of the subsoil, increasing the effective surcharge loading, and reducing construction time in the case of road construction. A vacuum consolidation project conducted in Saga, Japan, is described, and the results from a fully instrumented test section are presented and analyzed using a two-dimensional finite element approach. The numerical simulations compare well with the field measurements. The validated numerical approach is then used to examine the response of soft subsoil subjected to vacuum consolidation. The results confirm the usefulness of the proposed method for determining the optimum penetration depth of PVDs and the advantages of combining vacuum pressure with embankment loading.Key words: vacuum consolidation, preloading, prefabricated vertical drain, FEM analysis, embankment.
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44

Bai, Y. Z., Jian Chen, and Bei Cheng. "Slurry Improvement by Direct Drainage Vacuum Preloading Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.589.

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Traditional vacuum preloading method has two drainage parts: 1) horizontal drainage part-sand cushion; 2) vertical drainage part-(Prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) and so on). During vacuum preloading process, the drainage effect of horizontal sand cushion is strong near stabilized soil surface and decreases rapidly at deeper position, while drainage range of vertical drain includes whole stabilized soil depth and its drainage ability is higher. So, it is important to improve the drainage design of vacuum preloading system to transmit vacuum head to vertical drain more efficiently. This paper presents a new vacuum preloading method-direct drainage vacuum preloading method (DDVP method). Compared with traditional vacuum preloading method, this system cancels horizontal drainage part-sand cushion and uses sealed pipe to directly connect with PVDs. Vacuum head can be transmitted into PVD without attenuation. Field test is applied to study the effect of slurry improvement of this method.
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45

Meilani, Adriyati, Rifa’i Ahmad, and Faris Fikri. "Analysis of settlement prediction due to preloading and vertical drain applications on runway construction." E3S Web of Conferences 156 (2020): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015602002.

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Consolidation settlement is a general geotechnical problem particularly found in the area where is composed of soft soil. It is caused by the discharge of pore water pressure induced by the increase of stress in the soil mass. Construction of runway above soft soil requires analysis for stability related to the reduction of consolidation settlement and the recovery. This study aims to analyze the settlement comprehensively using empirical methods of Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) and preloading installation. Preloading is a technique by which consolidation of soil can be achieved to a substantial amount before the imposition of actual construction load. According to soil investigation, the characteristic of the soil layer is clay soil, which has the potential to consolidation settlement. The result of the settlement analysis of the taxiway in the research area is from 33 cm to 214 cm. It takes ten years for primary consolidation to reach a 90% degree of consolidation. However, in the Hansbo method of Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) and preloading are applied, with triangular configurations in depth of 11 meters and duration for variation embankment spacing of 1 m is 79 days, 1.5 m is 202 days and 2 m is 390 days. The conclusion of efficient distance of PVD installation and preloading is spacing of 1 m with 79 days for primary consolidation.
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46

Nghia, Nguyen Trong. "Modelling of a vacuum consolidation project in Vietnam." ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 9, no. 1 (2020): 78–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.tech.en.9.1.354.2019.

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Ground improvement technique by prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) in combination with vacuum preloading is widely used to facilitate consolidation process and reduce residual settlement. However, this technique seem hardly be estimated by both analytical method and numerical method because it has complex boundary conditions (such as vacuum pressure changing with time). Moreover, lateral displacements caused by this technique are also significant problem. Numerical modelling may be an effective design tool to estimate behavior of soft soil treated by this method, however it needs to have a proper calibration of input parameters. This paper introduces a matching scheme for selection of soil/drain properties in analytical solution and numerical modelling (axisymmetric and plane strain conditions) of a ground improvement project by using Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) in combination with vacuum and surcharge preloading. In-situ monitoring data from a case history of a road construction project in Vietnam was adopted in the back-analysis. Analytical solution and axisymmetric analysis can approximate well the field data meanwhile the horizontal permeability need to be adjusted in plane strain scenario to achieve good agreement. In addition, the influence zone of the ground treatment was examined. The residual settlement was investigated to justify the long-term settlement in compliance with the design code. Moreover, the degree of consolidation of non-PVD sub-layers was also studied by means of two different approaches.
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47

Zhafirah, A., S. Syahril, and A. K. Somantri. "Experimental test of concrete plate deflection on soft soil improved by prefabricated vertical drain." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 732 (January 27, 2020): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/732/1/012019.

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48

Sun, Hong-yue, Jun Wang, Dong-fei Wang, Yang Yu, and Zhen-lei Wei. "Optimal design of prefabricated vertical drain-improved soft ground considering uncertainties of soil parameters." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 21, no. 1 (2020): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a1900227.

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49

ITO, Yuzuru, Shuhei YAMASHITA, Tadaaki NOMURA, and Yoshifumi YAMAUCHI. "A Design Method of The Vertical Drain Using Prefabricated Drainage Boards for Horizontal Drainage." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 65, no. 1 (2016): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.65.56.

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50

Welker, A. L., R. B. Gilbert, and J. J. Bowders. "Using a Reduced Equivalent Diameter for a Prefabricated Vertical Drain to Account for Smear." Geosynthetics International 7, no. 1 (2000): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gein.7.0165.

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