Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Préfets – Vienne (France) – 19e siècle'
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Pelcran, Anne. "Les préfets et l'administration départementale dans les Deux-Sèvres et la Vienne." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT3021.
Full textLadegaillerie, Valérie. "L'institution préfectorale sous le Second Empire." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10035.
Full textGrandcoing, Philippe. "Les demeures de la distinction : le phénomène châtelain dans le département de la Haute-Vienne au XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010593.
Full textThis work proposes to study the manor phenomenon in the Haute-Vienne departement between 1789 and 1914. The analysis of theoretical and descriptive discourses and the evolution of the corpus of mansions thus designated have shaped a new figure of the manor. This one has become distinct from the former seignorial structure. Towards 1900 this term designates an heterogeneous set of dwellings that are often of recent origin (a manor in two appeared during the period). This resistance to and adaptation on the manor model result from the development of the holiday in the countryside and the status of people getting their income from the land in the bourgeoisie. Old families and upstarts asserted their status as worthies in that way. It is also the fruit of the emotional enhancement of the mansion in the nobility. This appeal for the mansion was at its peak between 1860 and 1880. Afterwards it declined because of the emergence of the villa. But if the mansion remained a very prized type of dweling it is because it is both an element of social distinction for the one who lives in it and an index of social otherness for those living around it. The laying-out of the dwelling and its surrounllings being of the a mediocre quality and social inequalities little marked. However the mansion does not seem here to be the catalyst for social antagonisms. The owners of mansions have really gone through a decline in their political, social and economic influence. Gradually, their residences have become simple special places, the quality of their architecture setting them apart
Barge-Meschenmoser, Élisabeth. "Limites et effets de la centralisation en Corrèze de 1800 à 1848." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040127.
Full textWith the new institution of prefets, the centralization in France took on a new dimension. Theoretically speaking, for the authors of the 28 pluviôse an VIII law, centralization was a perfect system through which the state's orders could reach the smallest of villages, via the prefets, sous-prefets and maires. But reality was sometimes more complex. First of all, the administrators were not always appointed for their particular skills: they could be nominated simply by lack of other candidates, or because they knew the right people. Secondly, they were rarely the reliable instruments the state wanted them to be. They often interpreted or even ignored the orders sent them by their hierarchy. And last, the prefets could hardly behave as masters of their department, for they had to compromise with the notables and all the other civil servants. Through their own human and social limits, the administrators did not always allow for the success of centralization. The people of Correze were against the state's influence in their department. They often refused to go to war and opposed the innovations advocated by Paris. However, the centralized state did have an influence on the departements evolution. Through its impulse, education made substantial progress, and the road network in Correze improved considerably. The centralized system of government was supposed to give each department the same tools. But it did not favor Correze. As a matter of fact, the state was more generous with the richer departments, sending them the best administrators and granting them higher budgets. In 1848, despite a few improvements, Correze remained as poor as it was in 1800, because it was not given enough means to catch up with the other departments, and because its inhabitants were opposed to a certain idea of “progress”
Grondin, Reine-Claude. "La colonie en province : diffusion et réception du fait colonial en Corrèze et en Haute-Vienne (c. 1830-c. 1939)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010645.
Full textSaujeon, Émmanuelle. "L'administration préfectorale du département de Lot-et-Garonne au XIXe siècle : (1800-1914)." Bordeaux 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR40065.
Full textAmong the work legislative founder of napoleonic time, law of 28 pluviôse the year VIII (in February 17th, 1800 holds) an essential place as far as it shaped durably the French administration. Pillar of the administrative system, the prefect symbolizes through XIXth and XXth centuries, the power and the reality of the State more the variety of the political systems. First delagate of the government in the department, named and revoked in a discretionary way by home secretary, career of the prefect is tinged with arbitrary power and with chances animated by his own behavior and the local senses of identity. Unique executive of the governmental politics and the coordinator of the services and departmental institutions, he constitutes a perfect instrument of centralization. However, if he is totally dependent on the central power, the geographical, social, economic local tissue, with which it is confronted, has inevitably incidences on the strength of his hierarchical link. The implementation of the powers of the prefect cannot thus be uniform and identical on the whole national territory. The example of Lot-et-Garonne allows to study, all the ambivalence of the prefectorial function : on one side, the man has to answer the orders of the government, the other one, he has to show a certain malleability and a capacity to seize the stakes in the local daily reality. Energetic actor of the political, economic and social life of the department, the administrator can behave with difficulty in absolute boss, because it is constantly necessary to him to compose with the notables and the other state employees of the district
Durand, Isabelle. "Politiques patrimoniales et conservation des monuments antiques (amphithéâtres, théâtres et temples) à Arles, Nîmes, Orange et Vienne au XIXe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10073.
Full textAllorant, Pierre. "Le corps préfectoral et les municipalités dans les départements de la Loire moyenne au XIXe siècle." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0002.
Full textKarila-Cohen, Pierre. ""L'Etat des esprits" : l'Administration et l'observation de l'opinion départementale en France sous la monarchie constitutionnelle (1814-1848)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010630.
Full textLe, Yoncourt Tiphaine. "Le préfet et ses notables en Ille-et-Vilaine au XIXe siècle, 1814-1914." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10420.
Full textMartischang, François-Xavier. "L’autorité de l’Etat : les relations entre les préfets, les sous-préfets, les maires et la population en Lorraine au XIXe siècle (1800-1870)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0175.
Full textConsidering the historians’ recent growing interest for the topic of authority, which can be defined, according to Larousse’s Grand Dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle, as « the right or the power to order, to be obeyed », this thesis aims at studying the authority of the state through the angle of the authority exerted by three of its representatives in the province (the prefects, the sub-prefects and the mayors), from 1800, when Napoleon Bonaparte reorganized the french administration, till the end of the Second Empire. This dissertation will endeavour to analyse in which frame and how the prefects, the sub-prefects and the mayors managed to make the population obey both to their persons, the regime they represented and the state they embodied, as well as to identify the difficulties they were confronted with. To study a wide range of situations, but in a relatively restricted area, so as to analyse them as precisely as possible, we decided to focus on the four departments of Lorraine (Meurthe, Meuse, Moselle et Vosges). First, studying the relationship between the civil servants and the population implies to examine the framework, elaborated by the state, in which the authority of its representatives was exerted. The model, built during the Consulate and the first Empire, of a strong delegated authority, based on extended powers, on the professional expertise of the administrators, as well as on their social competences, has been precisely analysed. Even if it was globally maintened by all the following regimes up to 1870, this model knew, nevertheless, some transformations and modulations, which we tried to examine. The administrators found in this frame some tools to assert their authority on the people, and some instructions to obey, but no definite ways to proceed. Thus, the thesis secondly attempts to examine how they exerted their authority on a daily basis. Looking at the way they built and maintened their authority, we realize they used not only their professionnal skills, but also their individual qualities and their status of the state representative. But the administrators had to face up to some difficulties – competition with the other persons who had some authority, hard crises which questionned their influence (the invasions and the occupations of 1814-1815) and citizens’ protests – which put their authority to the test and could impact their careers
Urmann, Martin. "Resonanzeffekte : zum Verhältnis von Oberfläche und Tiefe in der fin-de-siècle-Kunst." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0005.
Full textThe doctoral thesis “Resonance Effects. Surface and depth in Fin-de-siècle Arts” pursues a twofold objective: on the one hand, it wants to make a contribution to a theory of form, that is a theory of the emerging form in the medial textures in which it gains shape. This raises the central theoretical question of the relation between surface and depth which is considered against the backdrop of the key notion of resonance. On the other hand, the thesis offers a new reading of fin-de-siècle arts based on the detailed analysis of a range of works considered central within the artistic production of the era. The thesis undertakes a systematic comparison of French and German art around 1900, more precisely of the decadent and symbolist currents in Paris and Vienna. This comparison is carried out through all the art forms – music, literature and the visual arts. According to the comparative approach both on the historical and the aesthetic level, the study revolves around the axis Paris-Vienna, the main fields of attention being the literary works of Huysmans and Mallarmé, on the one hand, and of Schnitzler and Hofmannsthal, on the other. These chapters are framed by introductory reflections on Mahler’s Third Symphony and Debussy’s L’Après-Midi d’un Faune as well as the analysis of the paradoxical surface structure in the paintings of Moreau and Klimt concluding the study. Moreover, Nietzsche is presented as the eminent contemporary poet-thinker of fin-de-siècle arts who, in The Birth of Tragedy, outlines the duality of the “Apollonian” and the “Dionysian”. This turns out to be the fundamental motive which appears in all fin-de-siècle art forms in ever changing constellations
Weirich, Armelle. "Berta Zuckerkandl (1864 -1945) salonnière, journaliste et critique d'art, entre Vienne et Paris (1871-1918)." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL037.
Full textAt the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, Berta Zuckerkandl (1864-1945), Austrian salonnière and journalist, engaged actively in artistic, cultural and political exchanges between France and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Being on familiar terms with Georges Clemenceau gave her the opportunity to exchange ideas with artists and intellectuals in Paris, including Rodin, Carriere, Raffaelli, and Geffroy. Her salon in Vienna gathered some of the most pioneering personalities of the Wiener Moderne...- Bahr, Klimt, Wagner, Mahler...- and thus formed the centre of a vast social network within Europe. Being a spokeswoman of the Vienna Secession, Zuckerkandl established herself as one of the most active contemporary art critics. She guided artists and introduced the public into modern art by drawing on French initiatives to influence the art's development. The present study thus aims at highlighting her role in the dynamic artistic exchange between Vienna and Paris. It will first present Zuckerkandl's biography in order to draw attention to her privileged position in the exchange of the French and Austrian cultures. Secondly, it will show her impact on artistic Austrian groups and provide a detailed analysis of a corpus of selected documents dealing with modern art. It will finally discuss her interventions in favour of French artists and the reception of their works in Austria by highlighting the artistic, cultural and political aims pursued by Zuckerkandl, who was determined to preserve the Austrian culture despite the war and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire
Allal, Marina. "Littérature et discours social : regards croisés sur la construction des altérités juive et féminine à Paris, Berlin et Vienne, de la fin du XIXe siècle à l’entre-deux-guerres." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030125.
Full textThis thesis examines literary translations in the light of anti-Semitic and anti-feminist representations which are analysed according to an expression of an anti-modernist cultural code. This code, which expressed a discomfort with modernism through a number of grand metaphors, underwent significant transformation throughout the period; this transformation is reflected in various degrees in literary texts, depending on their positioning in the literary field. In spite of country-specific developments, a comparative approach reveals profound similarities in this pan-European phenomenon. Whilst the connection between anti-feminism and anti-semitism can be shown to constitute a profound integral feature of these ostracist discourses, a consideration of the various dimensions of the social discourse allows us to highlight the particularities of the individual literary texts, their specific ambiguities and strategies of differentiation
Michon, Pierre. "« Mon roi, ma patrie et mon département. » : le corps préfectoral de la Restauration (1814-1830)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP010/document.
Full textBetween 1814 and 1830, during the two Restorations, the “Cent-Jours” excepted, 243 prefects serve the last Bourbons, Louis XVIII and Charles X. All these personalities represent the sovereign in the departments. With a few exceptions, they are forgotten nowadays. But it seems necessary to study them in order to understand the French administration and the public action, especially during the period considered. French Restoration’s prefects embody perhaps better than anyone the tension which exists at that time between the will to keep the administrative structures created by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1800 and the temptation to recreate the old monarchy. For that matter, all of them don’t understand in the same way the constitutional monarchy and its institutions. They don’t have the same idea of the king, the fatherland and the department they have to run. Thus, they are emblematic of the last Bourbon’s reign, defined by many writers of this period, for instance Chateaubriand and Balzac, as a genuine mixed time. They consequently compose a mosaic of men we tried to analyze as rigorously as possible in the prosopographic study