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Handwerker, Lisa. "Medical risk: Implicating poor pregnant women." Social Science & Medicine 38, no. 5 (March 1994): 665–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(94)90457-x.
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Sukorini, Mariyam Ulfa. "HUBUNGAN GANGGUAN KENYAMANAN FISIK DAN PENYAKIT DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III." Indonesian Journal of Public Health 12, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijph.v12i1.2017.1-12.
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The older the stages of pregnancy, it was more likely for pregnant women to experience sleep disorder which usually cause physical discomfort and desease (Prasadja, 2009). Poor sleep disorders can cause complications in pregnancy. This study aims to assess the relationship between physical discomfortand presence of disease with sleep quality of women in third trimester of pregnancy. Dependent variable is sleep quality, while Independent variables were pyshical discomfortand presence of disesas. This study used cross-sectional study design and total sampling technique. A total of 36 respondents gathered from Puskesmas Gading’s pregnant women population. PSQI quetionaire used to assess sleep quality (cronbach’s alpha = 0.83)and physical discomfort quetionaire (cronbach’s alpha = 0.672). Every quetionaire’s validity hasbeen tested with r-count > 0.707. All of the data then processed by cross-tabulation and Pearson test. The result of this study showed that most of the respondents have poor sleep quality (53%). Statistical tests showed poor correlation (r = 0.363) between physical discomfort and sleep quality. Furthermore, poor relationship found in pregnant women with disease (r = 0.334).Keywords: physical discomfort, pregnant woman, sleep quality, disease
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Chirwa, Sanika, Chioma Nwabuisi, Gwinnett Ladson, Linda Korley, Janice Whitty, Robin Atkinson, and John Clark. "Poor Sleep Quality Is Associated with Higher Hemoglobin A1c in Pregnant Women: A Pilot Observational Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10 (October 18, 2018): 2287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102287.
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We hypothesized that poor sleep quality exacerbates glucose intolerance manifested as elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which increases the risk for gestational diabetes. To test this, 38 pregnant and 22 non-pregnant (age, 18–35 years; body-mass index, 20–35 kg/m2) otherwise healthy women were enrolled in the study. Sleep quality was assessed during gestational week 24 (pregnant), or outside of the menstrual period (non-pregnant), using qualitative (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and objective (actigraphic wrist-watch) measures. Blood glucose, total cortisol, and depression status were evaluated. Eight pregnant and one non-pregnant women were lost to follow-up, or withdrew from the study. There was a higher incidence of poor sleep quality in pregnant (73%) relative to non-pregnant women (43%). Although actigraphic data revealed no differences in actual sleep hours between pregnant and non-pregnant women, the number of wake episodes and sleep fragmentation were higher in pregnant women. Poor sleep quality was positively correlated with higher HbA1c in both pregnant (r = 0.46, n = 26, p = 0.0151) and non-pregnant women (r = 0.50, n = 19, p = 0.0217), reflecting higher average blood glucose concentrations. In contrast, poor sleep was negatively correlated with cortisol responses in pregnant women (r = −0.46, n = 25, p = 0.0167). Three pregnant women had elevated one-hour oral glucose tolerance test results (>153 mg/dL glucose). These same pregnant women exhibited poor sleep quality. These results support the suggestion that poor sleep quality is an important risk factor that is associated with glucose intolerance and attendant health complications in pregnancy.
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Ress, Paul. "Pregnant women in poor countries face domestic violence." BMJ 331, no. 7527 (November 24, 2005): 1228.7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.331.7527.1228-f.
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Mayberry, Melanie E., Bernard Gonik, and Robert M. Trombly. "Perinatal Oral Health: A Novel Collaborative Initiative to Improve Access, Attitudes, Comfort Level, and Knowledge of Pregnant Women and Dental Providers." American Journal of Perinatology Reports 10, no. 01 (January 2020): e54-e61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702927.
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Abstract Objectives The objectives of this program were to increase access to dental care among pregnant women and to improve dental students' exposure, comfort level, and knowledge of the potential impact of poor oral health on pregnancy outcomes. Study Design Through collaborative efforts of a School of Dentistry and a School of Medicine, the Oral Health Pregnancy Day Initiative (OHPDI) was developed. Dental students were educated on the impact poor oral health may have on pregnancy outcomes and the importance of access to care. Pregnant women received perinatal oral health education and needed dental care. Results Thirty-four pregnant women presented for the OHPDI. Thirty-nine dental students participated. Eighty-five percent of students reported they learned how poor oral health may have a negative impact on pregnancy and birth outcomes; 79% agreed as a result of the event they were more likely to treat pregnant women. Ninety-four percent of pregnant women reported not having a dentist and 100% received perinatal oral health education and needed dental care. Eighty-eight pregnant women were seen subsequent to the OHPDI. Conclusion This initiative resulted in increased students' knowledge, exposure, and comfort level to treating pregnant women and pregnant women received needed oral health care education and dental treatment.
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Gilligan, C., R. Sanson-Fisher, S. Eades, C. D'Este, F. Kay-Lambkin, and S. Scheman. "Identifying pregnant women at risk of poor birth outcomes." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 29, no. 3 (January 2009): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01443610902753713.
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White, Kaylin, Liana Dunietz, D’Angela Pitts, David Kalmbach, and Louise O’Brien. "544 Burden of Sleep Disturbance in Black Pregnant Women." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A214—A215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.542.
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Abstract Introduction Black women disproportionately experience poor perinatal outcomes compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Poor sleep has emerged as a strong contributor to adverse pregnancy outcomes and, in the non-pregnant population, sleep-wake disturbances have a high prevalence with often greater severity among Blacks. Nonetheless, the majority of studies have included largely White populations which has restricted our understanding of race-specific burdens and morbidities of sleep disturbance. The goal was to describe the burden of sleep-wake disturbance in Black pregnant women and associations with pregnancy outcomes. Methods Black women at least 18years and >28 weeks pregnant were recruited from prenatal clinics. All women completed questionnaires about their sleep including the presence and timing of habitual-snoring (pre-pregnancy or pregnancy-onset), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the General Sleep Disturbances Scale (GSDS) to determine poor sleep quality and poor daytime function as well as symptoms of insomnia. We also analyzed three commonly-reported sleep problems as individual question items (difficulty getting to sleep, wake up during sleep period, and wake up too early at the end of a sleep period). Demographic information and diagnoses were abstracted from medical records. Results Overall, 235 women enrolled; mean age was 27.6 + 6.2 years, mean BMI 31.7 + 9.8kg/m2, and 64% were in receipt of Medicaid. Eighty-percent of women reported >three sleep-wake disturbances, and almost half experienced a burden of >five disturbances. Women with pregnancy-onset habitual-snoring (but not those with pre-pregnancy habitual-snoring) had increased odds of poor sleep quality aOR 8.2 (95% CI 1.9, 35.9), trouble staying asleep aOR 3.6 (95% CI 1.0, 12.5), waking up too early aOR 2.7 (95% CI 1.1, 6.2), excessive daytime sleepiness aOR 2.3 (95% CI 1.1, 4.7), and poor daytime function aOR 8.7 (95% CI 2.5, 29.9). In contrast, women with pre-pregnancy habitual-snoring had increased odds for chronic hypertension, preterm delivery and fetal growth restriction; aOR 2.6 (95% CI 1.1, 6.3), aOR 2.8 (95% CI 1.1, 6.9), and aOR 5.1 (95% CI 1.7, 15.2), respectively. Conclusion Black women have a significant burden of sleep-wake disturbances. These findings highlight the excess risk that habitual-snoring confers to sleep-wake disturbances and perinatal outcomes in an infrequently studied yet highly vulnerable population. Support (if any) NIH NHLB-IHL089918
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Middelkoop, C. M., G. A. Dekker, A. A. Kraayenbrink, and C. Popp-Snijders. "Platelet-poor plasma serotonin in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy." Clinical Chemistry 39, no. 8 (August 1, 1993): 1675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.8.1675.
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Abstract We determined serotonin concentrations in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) from 11 preeclamptic pregnant women and 11 normal pregnant women by HPLC with electrochemical detection after a concentration step. Serotonin concentrations in PPP are very low in comparison with those in platelets, so it is very important to avoid in vitro release of serotonin from platelets. We therefore investigated three types of anticoagulants, the method of blood sampling, and the influence of whether the first or second 10 mL of blood is assayed. The type of anticoagulant proved to be important, K3-EDTA giving the best results. The serotonin concentrations in PPP from the preeclamptic pregnant women were significantly higher (P = 0.0001) than in the normal pregnant women: mean values +/- SD were 27.0 +/- 13.5 and 2.8 +/- 1.4 nmol/L, respectively. We suggest that the measurement of serotonin in PPP might be helpful in study of the role of serotonin in the development of preeclampsia.
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Garhwal, Suchitra, Anil Kumar Poonia, and Veeha Agarwal. "Study of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic in tertiary care hospital in northern India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205715.
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Background: Anemia is major health problem in developing countries with many underlying etiologies, particularly nutritional deficiencies. Pregnant women are prone to become anemic, and anemia leads to increased morbidity and mortality in mother along with poor pregnancy outcome. This study focused on evaluation of anemia in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in northern India.Methods: Total 1000 pregnant women attended antenatal clinic were enrolled and were evaluated for anemia, and various red blood cell indices were studied.Results: Prevalance of anemia in this study population was 80%, while relative prevalance of mild, moderate and severe anemia was 33.5%, 48.5% and 20% respectively. Majority of cases were because of iron deficiency anemia.Conclusions: Prevalance of anemia is very high in pregnant women which is a major cause for poor pregnancy outcome. Measures need to be taken at various level to improve nutritional status of pregnant women.
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Ahmed, Azza H., Sun Hui, Jennifer Crodian, Karen Plaut, David Haas, Lingsong Zhang, and Theresa Casey. "Relationship Between Sleep Quality, Depression Symptoms, and Blood Glucose in Pregnant Women." Western Journal of Nursing Research 41, no. 9 (November 8, 2018): 1222–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945918809714.
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Sleep quality during pregnancy affects maternal/child health. We aimed to assess changes in sleep quality during pregnancy and determine its relationship to maternal mood, blood glucose, and work schedule among primiparous women. We conducted a prospective/longitudinal/observational study. Ninety-two pregnant women were recruited from Midwestern hospital. Mood and sleep quality data were collected using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale/Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at Gestational Weeks 22 and 32. Forty-three women completed the study. Twenty-six women (63%) were African American and the mean age was 23.64 ( SD = 3.82) years. Rate of poor sleep quality increased during pregnancy with 25% of women had scores indicative of depression symptoms. Poor sleep quality score was related to mood scores ( p < .05) and work schedule. Blood glucose was not significantly related to sleep duration. In conclusion, poor sleep quality during pregnancy was associated with poor mood and work schedule, suggesting that interventions targeting mental health and lifestyles are needed.
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Babalola, Dolapo A., and Folashade Omole. "Periodontal Disease and Pregnancy Outcomes." Journal of Pregnancy 2010 (2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/293439.
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An increasing number of studies are confirming an association between periodontal disease (PD) and adverse outcomes in pregnancy. PD places pregnant women at greater risk for preterm birth than alcohol consumption or smoking. This underscores the importance of offering dental screening to women who are pregnant or contemplating pregnancy and the need for physicians who provide obstetric care to be aware of the possible connection between poor dental health and poor pregnancy outcomes.
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Lotgering, Frederik K., Wilhelmina EM Spinnewijn, and Henk CS Wallenburg. "Swimming and diving by pregnant women." Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review 8, no. 3 (August 1996): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0965539500001595.
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Pregnant women have traditionally been discouraged from participating in physically demanding sports because they have been considered to be in poor condition and it was thought that strenuous exercise could harm the mother and the fetus. More recently, however, many physically active women have wished to continue sport in pregnancy and research over the past 20 years has shown that in general it is safe to do so.
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Hadi, Hamam, and Winda Irwanti. "High Deficit in Nutrient Intakes Was Associated with Poor Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women: A Study from Eastern Indonesia." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_050.
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Abstract Objectives Nutrient intakes of pregnant women are essential for their health and the health of their fetus. This study aims to assess the nutrient intakes of pregnant women, residing in a rural eastern Indonesia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in two sub districts of Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) district, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia in 2012. A total of 155 pregnant women, at all age of pregnancy, residing at least one year prior to this study in 14 villages of two sub districts KIE and Amanuban Barat involved in this study. Anthropometric data including BMI and MUAC of pregnant women were collected by trained enumerators from the department of nutrition, Health Polytechnic of Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. A validated Semi Quantitative-Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ) was used to collect the dietary intake of the last 3 months of pregnant women. Nutrisurvey was used to compute and analyze nutrient intakes of the study subjects. Statistical Analysis was performed using STATA version 15.1 MP. Results The average of energy and protein intakes in pregnant women were 1178.4 ± 449.6 kcal/day and 38.4 ± 18.7 gr/day respectively, representing to only 54.7% and 57.4% of the Indonesian nutrient requirement of energy and protein intakes for pregnant women. The average of vitamin C and iron intakes in pregnant women were 59.9 ± 40.1 mg/day and 7.7 ± 6.2 mg/day, representing to only 70.5% and 29.5% of the Indonesian nutrient requirement of vitamin C and iron intakes for pregnant women. The average energy and protein intakes among underweight pregnant women were 211.1 kcal/day (95% CI: 17.3 kcal/day - 404.9 kcal/day) lower and 8.2 gr/day (95% CI: 0.07 gr/day -16.3 gr/day) lower than among non underweight pregnant women adjusting for age of pregnant women, gestational age, and monthly household expenditure, education level, and race. Conclusions The present study suggests that pregnant women in rural Indonesian community experienced high deficit in energy, protein, vitamin C and iron intakes lead to poor nutritional status during pregnancy. Funding Sources The United Nation World Food Program and The University of Alma Ata.
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Mellon, Michelle, Andrew Schiller, Anita L. Nelson, Hindi E. Stohl, and Fanglong Dong. "Poor Understanding of Pregnancy-Associated Health Risks Among Indigent Pregnant Women [23N]." Obstetrics & Gynecology 131 (May 2018): 158S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000533119.33924.c1.
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Annas, George J. "Testing Poor Pregnant Women for Cocaine — Physicians as Police Investigators." New England Journal of Medicine 344, no. 22 (May 31, 2001): 1729–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm200105313442219.
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&NA;. "Poor uptake of folic acid use in pregnant Hispanic women." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1578 (March 2007): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200715780-00011.
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Akhtar, Tazeem, Muhammad Athar Khan, and Saira Afzal. "WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 03 (March 10, 2018): 440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.03.391.
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Introduction: There are certain factors which are present at workplacesbut cannot be seen as the potential hazards for the health of a normal women but when itcomes to pregnant working women and mothers, these factors can have profound effectson health of women during pregnancy. These factors found are transportation, duty hours,medical and maternity leave policies, and stress at workplace, long standing hours. Supportby supervisor and colleagues. Objectives: Objectives of this study are: 1. To find out theworkplace factors affecting the women at their workplace. 2. To determine the effects of thesefactors on pregnancy. 3. To find out the association between these factors and complicationsof pregnancy. Study Design: Descriptive. Cross-sectional Setting: Teachers of private schoolswho were either pregnant or had at least one child during her job. Material and Methods:A pre-tested questionnaire was filled and sample was calculated by using statistical formula.Results and Conclusion: Study clearly showed association between the workplace factorsand the poor health status of women during pregnancy and many complications of pregnancywere seemed to be related with their workplace factors.
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Smyka, Magdalena, Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska, Nicole Sochacki-Wójcicka, Magdalena Zgliczyńska, and Mirosław Wielgoś. "Sleep quality according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in over 7000 pregnant women in Poland." Sleep and Biological Rhythms 19, no. 4 (May 4, 2021): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41105-021-00324-x.
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AbstractThe aim was to assess sleep quality in pregnant women, characterize sleep patterns in each trimester and to establish independent risk factors of poor sleep quality during gestation. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. The questionnaire included questions regarding sociodemographic data, information on the current pregnancy, sleep patterns and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. 7202 respondents fulfilled the survey completely and only those were included. A total of 95.1% of the respondents in the first trimester, 93% in the second trimester and 94.8% in the third trimester had poor sleep quality. Significantly more women with poor sleep quality assessed their socioeconomic status as bad or sufficient (15.7 vs 8.8%; p < 0.001), stress level as higher (mean 4.7 points vs 3.9 points; p < 0.001), had lower relationship rating (mean 8.8 points vs 9.3 points; p < 0.001) or suffered from depression and anxiety disorders. Logistic regression revealed pregnancy ailments to be the strongest independent risk factors of poor sleep quality during gestation. Sleep disorders are common among pregnant women in Poland and increase significantly as the pregnancy progresses. Developing and introducing a simple and easily available screening tool to assess sleep quality in common practice might improve the quality of the health care of pregnant women.
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Bhumi, Manoj Aravind, and Sunil Pal Singh Chajhlana. "Knowledge of obstetric danger signs among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at rural health training centre of a medical college in Hyderabad." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 6 (May 22, 2018): 2471. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182179.
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Background: One of the major causes for the death of women is due to maternal mortality. Around 529,000 women die annually from maternal causes (World Health Organization (WHO) estimate) Majority of these deaths occur in the less developed countries. An Indian woman dies from complication related to pregnancy and child birth for every 7 minutes. For every woman who dies =30 more women suffer injuries, infection and disability. In Sub-Saharan Africa, where one of every 16 women dies of pregnancy related causes during her lifetime, compared with only 1 in 2,800 women in developed regions. Raising awareness of women about obstetric danger signs would improve early detection of problems and helps in seeking timely obstetric care.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics between May 2014–August 2014 at field practice areas of RHTC, KAMSRC. A total 274 pregnant women had given consent and participated in the study. Data was collected by interview in local language and a predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used which include socio demographic profile, parity, ANC visits, gravid, knowledge regarding danger signs during pregnancy, post-partum period. Socio-economic status was assessed according to Modified Kuppuswamy’s classification (as per June 2015 CPI).Results: About 35.7%, pregnant women have good awareness 21.2%, average and 43% have poor knowledge about danger signs of pregnancy. Pregnant women in the age group of >30 years, educational status and occupational status of pregnant women and their husbands and pregnant mothers who had regular antenatal check-ups had significant associations with the awareness of obstetric danger.Conclusions: Our study concludes that there is need of creating awareness and increasing the knowledge of women about obstetric danger signs.
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Setiawan, Abas, Faik Agiwahyuanto, and Pramudi Arsiwi. "A Virtual Reality Teaching Simulation for Exercise During Pregnancy." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 14, no. 01 (January 17, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i01.8944.
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One of the poor indicators of the development and health status of a country is high maternal mortality. The world has seen that one pregnant woman in every two minutes dies because of complication with serious or long-lasting consequences. During pregnancy, pregnant women tend to reduce physical activity due to increased sensitivity factors. It will lead to decrease the elasticity of muscles and joints. The way to improve the elasticity is doing exercise during pregnancy. But, there are still many pregnant women who are less interested in doing exercise during pregnancy, due to high loaded in working day and dense schedule of daily activities in her career or as a housewife. Some women assume that by attending pregnancy exercise course in hospitals or health care centers is time-consuming and too formal because they have to follow the prenatal personal trainer schedule. The technology that allows helping pregnant women in exercise during pregnancy is virtual reality. In this study, the development of virtual reality application for exercise during pregnancy adapted from the methodology to determine when to use virtual reality in education and training combined with the Immersive Virtual Environment (IVE) questionnaire. The average results of overall components in the IVE questionnaire is 4.26 of 5-point scales that indicates the virtual reality application for exercise during pregnancy is feasible to use by pregnant woman.
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Moeini, Babak, Shyesteh Jahanfar, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai, Manoochehr Karami, Asadollah Naghdi, and Khadije Ezzati-Rastegar. "Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Women in the Poor Neighborhoods of Hamadan, Iran." Violence and Victims 36, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 565–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vv-d-19-00139.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) occurs in all settings, especially in poor neighborhoods. It is considered to be a serious public health concern with serious consequences in the short and long term for abused women because of distinct barriers in obtaining support sources. Therefore this cross-sectional study focuses on the prevalence and the determinants of IPV among pregnant women residents in poor neighborhoods. Overall, 63.8% experienced at least one type of IPV. Also, educational status, family's monthly income, husband's employment status, and having a smoker husband were found to be important predictors of IPV against pregnant women. A better understanding of social determinants of violence can help decision-makers in developing effective policies. It is crucial to prioritize the poor neighborhoods for future interventions to reduce IPV imposed during pregnancy.
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Akpotu, Enifome, and Faith Diorgu. "Nutrition status of pregnant women in selected internally displaced persons camp in Delta state, Nigeria." International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth 7, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2021.07.00223.
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Introduction: The recent flood situation in Nigeria has contributed to the upsurge in the percentage of Internally Displace Persons particularly in the Delta State. Children and pregnant women are more venerable. Poor Nutritional status internally displaced person is a major occurrence. This has a serious implication for pregnant women in Nigeria. Assessing nutritional status of pregnant women will help in prioritizing need and intervention problems for internally displaced person, therefore this study will assess a Nutritional status of pregnant women in Selected internally displaced persons camps in Delta state Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women in four selected internally displaced person camps in Delta State, November 2019. A total of 99 pregnant women were randomly selected from each camp. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data from respondents, Body mass index and mid upper arm circumference with assessed result were compared with standard criteria for nutritional status. Data was clean and entered into SPSS Version 22. Descriptive statistics was used and inferential statistic, chi square and logistic regression was use for predicting variables after adjusting for confounders. Result: The mean body mass index of respondent was 23.5 (±3.9) which indicate a good nutritional health status, however 9.3% had poor nutritional status with BMI (>18.5). Also the mean distribution of MUAC was 27.5(±3.6) cm indicating good nutritional status of (<23cm), although 27.8% had poor nutritional status with (MUAC ≥23cm). chi square test, economic status (X2=9.794, (P=0.020<0.05), antenatal visit of at least twice in present ( X2=5.946, P=0.015) and pregnancy and present trimester (X2=12.939, P=0.002<0.05) were significantly associated with nutritional status of pregnant women. On regression analysis only ANC visit (OR= 3.134, Cl=1.226-8.013, p-value=0.17) and present trimester of pregnant women (OR=0.75,Cl=0.016-0.352, p-value=0.01) were significant Conclusion and recommendation: Poor nutritional status among pregnant women in this study is high, there is need to develop programs that focuses on educating mothers on the need of good nutrition in Nigeria.
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Widyaningsih, Dyan, Elza Samantha Elmira, and Andi Misbahul Pratiwi. "Poor Women’s Access to Antenatal Care and Childbirth Services in Indonesia: Case Study in Five Districts." Jurnal Perempuan 24, no. 3 (September 12, 2019): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.34309/jp.v24i3.345.
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<p>The health of pregnant women often becomes an indicator of human development. On the other hand, the fact of the high maternal mortality rate, raises questions related to the government’s attention to the health of pregnant women, especially women in poor areas. This article focuses on poor women’s access to health services for antenatal care and childbirth in five regencies in Indonesia. The aspects studied include the availability of health services for antenatal care and childbirth, poor women’s access to these services, and supporting factors/actors and barriers to poor women’s access to health services. This article showed that the availability of health facilities is not always in line with the increased awareness of pregnant women to access these services. Road infrastructure condition, distance, and cost to access health service still remain a challenge. Meanwhile, the policy of incentives and disincentives to traditional birth attendants has an influence on the increasing number of pregnant women who check their pregnancies and childbirth at health facilities. Thus, health issues of pregnant women and safe childbirth require a different effort. Aspects of the local context and supporting infrastructure also require serious attention.</p><p> </p>
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Onur, Hande Nur. "Comparison of Diet Quality for Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Advances in Pure and Applied Sciences, no. 8 (December 22, 2017): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjapas.v0i8.2827.
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A woman’s nutritional status prior to and during pregnancy affects foetal development, the course of the pregnancy and her long-term health. This study aims to determine the diets of pregnant and non-pregnant women using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). The study was performed on 43 non-pregnant and 25 pregnant volunteers, who had no chronic diseases, took no diet treatments and had a mean age of 23.0 ± 30.1 years. Their general features were determined through a questionnaire, dietary intake was measured by 24-hour dietary recall method, diet quality was assessed by HEI-2010 and energy and nutrient intake was calculated by the Nutrition Information System programme. The diet quality of 60.3% of the participants was found to be poor, while 39.7% was average. Although pregnant women had a slightly higher HEI-2010 score, the diet quality was low for all; hence, dieticians should provide nutrition education for all child-bearing aged women. Keywords: Diet quality, healthy eating index, pregnancy nutrition.
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Murni, Ni Nengah Arini, and Suwanti Suwanti. "THE CORRELATION AMONG KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND MOTHER’S BEHAVIOR IN ORAL AND DENTAL HEALTH CARE." Jurnal Kesehatan Prima 11, no. 1 (April 10, 2018): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32807/jkp.v11i1.84.
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Abstract : The study aimed to determine the correlation among knowledge and attitude with the behavior of pregnant women in dental and oral health care during pregnancy. The research was analytic observational and in terms of time used crossectional approach. The population in this study were pregnant women at Narmada Community Health Center whereas the sample obtained by 34 people who came to check Antenatal Care (ANC) in June 2015 taken by accidental sampling technique. Data collection of knowledge, attitude and behavior variables used questionnaire and Statistical analysis was performed by using Chi Square test. The research finding indicated that from 34 respondents, 17 pregnant women (50%) had lack knowledge level about oral and dental health care during pregnancy. The attitude of pregnant women in dental and oral care during pregnancy was 73.5% (poor attitudes), and in terms of respondents’ behaviour was the same like respondents’ attitude by 73.5% (poor attitude). Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a significant correlation between knowledge with pregnant women behavior in dental and oral health care (P value = 0.013) and there was significant correlation between attitude with respondents behaviour in oral and dental care during pregnancy (P value = 0.004). Suggestion: It is expected for Health Care Institutions and health workers need to do an effort of sustainable counselling to communities, especially pregnant women about risk factors that can cause dental caries which can affect the health of both fetus and mother, increasing promotive efforts, for instance the improvement and maintenance of health and preventive efforts for communnities and pregnant women in order to have a good knowledge and attitude in maintaining oral an dental health care during pregnancy can be preserved and further enhanced, hence the sense of responsibility in terms of a behavior in the community or pregnant women concerning dental and oral health increases in line with knowledge improvement and developing attitudes.
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Jemere, Tadeg, Berhanu Getahun, Fitalew Tadele, Belayneh Kefale, and Gashaw Walle. "Poor sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant women in Northern Ethiopia, 2020: A cross sectional study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 4, 2021): e0250985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250985.
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Background Sleep is a physiologic necessity for all humankind. Pregnant women, in particular, need adequate sleep to develop their fetuses as well as save energy required for delivery. A change in sleep quality and quantity is the most common phenomena during pregnancy due to mechanical and hormonal factors. However, there is a scarcity of data about poor sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant mothers at Wadila primary hospital, Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study design was employed on 411 pregnant mothers. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire. SPSS Version 23 for Windows software was used for data analyses. Bivariate analysis was conducted to detect the association between dependent and independent variables, and to choose candidate variables (p < 0.25) for multivariate logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results A total of 411 participants were included in the study making a response rate of 97.4%. Overall, 68.4% of participants found to have poor sleep quality (PSQI>5). Age of the mother [age 20–30 years; AOR = 4.3 CI (1.8, 9.9), p = 0.001, and age >30 years; AOR = 4.7 CI (1.6, 13.9) p = 0.005], gestational age [second trimester, AOR = 2.46, CI (1.2, 4.9), p = 0.01 and third trimester, AOR = 7.5, CI (3.2, 17.8), p = 0.000] and parity [multiparous women; AOR = 2.1(1.24, 3.6) p = 0.006] were predictor variables for poor sleep quality among pregnant mothers. Conclusion More than two-third of pregnant mothers had poor sleep quality. Advanced maternal age, increased gestational age and multiparty are found to be predictors of poor sleep quality in pregnant women.
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Katarzyńska-Konwa, Marta, Izabela Obersztyn, Agata Trzcionka, Katarzyna Mocny-Pachońska, Bartosz Mosler, and Marta Tanasiewicz. "Oral Status in Pregnant Women from Post-Industrial Areas of Upper Silesia in Reference to Occurrence of: Preterm Labors, Low Birth Weight and Type of Labor." Healthcare 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040528.
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Increased levels of steroid hormones, action of local irritants and the lack of proper hygiene measures are of great importance in the development of dental caries, gingivitis and inflammation of the periodontal area in pregnant women. The aim of the study was to evaluate the state of oral hygiene and the periodontal area is such a population and assess the effectiveness of performed hygiene treatments and analyse changes in hygiene habits after oral hygiene instructions. The study was performed in two parts on a group of 50 pregnant women. The first part took place between the 14th and 17th week of pregnancy. The control study was conducted between the 27th and 30th week of pregnancy. Patients were subjected to a dental examination. Poor oral hygiene was observed among the examined patients. After the first examination, oral hygiene instruction was provided to 25 randomly selected pregnant patients. The effect of periodontal diseases on the time of labor was observed. Oral hygiene instructions significantly affected the state of the periodontal area of pregnant women for whom it was performed. It was confirmed that the advancement of pregnancy influences deterioration of the periodontium and also term of childbirth. Undoubtedly, pregnant women receive insufficient dental care. Priority should be given to dental care education of for pregnant women and alleviating the impact of oral diseases on the organism of a pregnant woman.
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Schell, Lawrence M., Alice D. Stark, Marta I. Gomez, and William A. Grattan. "Blood Lead Level, by Year and Season, among Poor Pregnant Women." Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 52, no. 4 (July 1997): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00039899709602200.
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Gelaye, Bizu, Gifty Addae, Beemnet Neway, Gloria T. Larrabure-Torrealva, Chunfang Qiu, Lee Stoner, Miguel Angel Luque Fernandez, Sixto E. Sanchez, and Michelle A. Williams. "Poor sleep quality, antepartum depression and suicidal ideation among pregnant women." Journal of Affective Disorders 209 (February 2017): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.11.020.
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Talank, Nastaran, Ehsan Mirzaei, Mahtabalsadat Mirjalili, Maryam Rangchian, Younes Mohammadi, and Maryam Mehrpooya. "Prevalence of Dietary Supplement use and its Relation to Maternal Characteristics in Iranian Pregnant Women." Current Women s Health Reviews 15, no. 4 (November 11, 2019): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573404815666190410155003.
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Background: Based on the available evidence, diet alone cannot fulfill maternal and fetal nutritional demands during pregnancy. Therefore, taking dietary supplements are recommended during pregnancy worldwide. Maternal socio-demographic characteristics can affect dietary supplements consumption during pregnancy. Little information is available with regard to the dietary supplement consumption in Iranian pregnant women. Objective: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dietary supplement use in Iranian pregnant woman. Methods: 250 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy attending the obstetric clinic affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences between February and August 2018 were asked to complete a questionnaire. Information including socio-demographic and other related characteristics of precipitants and use of any dietary supplements during their current pregnancy was collected. Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were used to determine the association between variables. Results: The results showed that dietary supplement use among Iranian pregnant women was relatively high (69%). Folic acid was the most common supplement used by the participants (66%) followed by multivitamin (52%) and Iron (48.6%). However, only 26.4% of pregnant women reported consumption of folic acid prior to pregnancy. The consumption of dietary supplements was directly associated with the age (P=0.003), level of education (P<0.001), family income (P=0.03), and the history of miscarriage (P=0.047). Conclusion: Although dietary supplement use among Iranian pregnant women was relatively high, pregnant women with poor socio-economic status do not consume required dietary supplements. Thus, vulnerable groups can benefit from educational and financial supports during pregnancy.
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Şenyuva, İrem, and Bahar Baysal. "A year of COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: knowledge level, attitude and perspective of pregnant and postpartum women." Perinatal Journal 29, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2399/prn.21.0292009.
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Objective This study assessed the knowledge level on COVID-19, attitudes towards preventive measures, perspectives on education in pregnant and postpartum women. Methods The online questionnaire was designed included 19 questions (demographics, knowledge, attitudes, perspectives on COVID-19). Results 316 out of 320 subjects (98.7%) completed the questionnaire. The knowledge level on transmission respiratory route / unhygienic environment was 47.1%/42.6% for pregnant, 47.3%/34.8% for postpartum women. The most frequent clinical symptoms, pregnant women answered 30.6% ‘fever’, 26.2% ‘cough’, 2.6% answered ‘asymptomatic’. 44% of the postpartum women were informed about the possible findings in infants. 62.3% of the pregnant women did not know the poor pregnancy outcomes. 60.1% of the pregnant, 54.5% of the postpartum women were afraid of virus transmission, possible poor outcomes. Positive attitude towards preventive measures during/after pandemic was detected in 100%/95.8% of the pregnant, 99%/99% of the postpartum women. No statistically significant difference was detected between the education level and the method of learning information in both groups (p=0.363, p=0.672). The way of acquiring knowledge 69% media and 29.1% physician for pregnant women, 54.3% media and 43.4% physician for postpartum women. Positive perspective on education was detected in 84.9% and 79.8% of the pregnant and postpartum women, respectively. Conclusion Pregnant-postpartum women are still at risk from the COVID-19 pandemic. There is not any curative treatment for these women. The importance of the preventive measures have still kept on. Correct and current information were explained by healthcare workers to these patient groups for understanding COVID-19 effects on the mother, fetus, newborn and performing the preventive measures with conscious.
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Rikawarastuti, Rikawarastuti, Ngatemi Ngatemi, and Nita Noviani Harahap. "Periodontal Disease on Pregnant Women (Case Study: Pondok Labu Village, South Jakarta, Indonesia)." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v5i2.4782.
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During preganancy, women periodically concern about ANC due to fetus growth, but ignore their own periodontal health. This research was conducted to acknowledge the effect of age, educational background, parity, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus, smoking habit and oral hygiene with periodontal disease on pregnant women. Analytical observation study with cross sectional design was conducted to pregnant women in Pondok Labu Village<em> (Kelurahan)</em>, South Jakarta. Purposive sampling was performed among 101 respondents. Chi Square and logistic regression were used for the analysis. Results shown that periodontal disease on pregnant women were 73.2% (66.3% were calculus and 6.9% were having periodontal pocket of 4-5 mm). It is proven that there is relationship between age, educational background, parity, BMI, diabetes mellitus, and smoking habit to the periodontal disease. On the other hand, oral hygiene highly affected the periodontal disease on pregnant woman. Poor oral hygiene is the dominant factor of periodontal disease on pregnant women after being controlled by age (OR= 21.33, p value 0.005). It is advised for pregnant women to improve their knowledge on how to care for their oral hygiene prior to and during pregnancy, as well as, go through treatments with dentists.
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Rikawarastuti, Rikawarastuti, Ngatemi Ngatemi, and Nita Noviani Harahap. "Periodontal Disease on Pregnant Women (Case Study: Pondok Labu Village, South Jakarta, Indonesia)." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/.v5i2.4782.
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During preganancy, women periodically concern about ANC due to fetus growth, but ignore their own periodontal health. This research was conducted to acknowledge the effect of age, educational background, parity, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus, smoking habit and oral hygiene with periodontal disease on pregnant women. Analytical observation study with cross sectional design was conducted to pregnant women in Pondok Labu Village<em> (Kelurahan)</em>, South Jakarta. Purposive sampling was performed among 101 respondents. Chi Square and logistic regression were used for the analysis. Results shown that periodontal disease on pregnant women were 73.2% (66.3% were calculus and 6.9% were having periodontal pocket of 4-5 mm). It is proven that there is relationship between age, educational background, parity, BMI, diabetes mellitus, and smoking habit to the periodontal disease. On the other hand, oral hygiene highly affected the periodontal disease on pregnant woman. Poor oral hygiene is the dominant factor of periodontal disease on pregnant women after being controlled by age (OR= 21.33, p value 0.005). It is advised for pregnant women to improve their knowledge on how to care for their oral hygiene prior to and during pregnancy, as well as, go through treatments with dentists.
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Troitskaya, Vera V., Elena N. Parovichnikova, Andrey N. Sokolov, Alina Kokhno, Zalina T. Fidarova, Anna A. Sidorova, Olga A. Gavrilina, et al. "Pregnancy Is a Poor Prognostic Factor for AML Outcome." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 5171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.5171.5171.
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Abstract Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and pregnancy - a rare combination, which limits the possibility of large prospective studies. All publications present small retrospective studies and case reports, and most of them conclude that diagnosis of acute leukemia during pregnancy does not affect the prognosis. Aim - to assess the pregnancy as independent prognostic factor in female AML patients (pts) in reproductive age. From 1990 to 2016 the Russian Acute Leukemia study group has treated 27 de novo and 2 relapsed pregnant women with AML (Me - 34 (22-40) yrs) - 1st group. APL-pts were not enrolled in this study. Among pts (23/29), whom available cytogenetic data 43,5% pts were attributed to the poor prognostic cytogenetic group. AML was diagnosed in the IInd trimester of pregnancy in 13 women, in the IIIrd - in 16. Chemotherapy (CT) regime 7+3 was applied in the majority of pts: either with daunorubicin 45-60 mg/m2, or mitoxantrone (10 mg/m2), or idarubicin (12 mg/m2). 2 refractory/relapsed AML-pts were treated by low doses ARA-C (20 mg/m2/day, 28 days). 11 women delivered at 34-40 weeks of gestation age before CT was started. 4/11 pts had vaginal birth and 7 - delivery by caesarean section. One pt died in the early postpartum period due to leukemia progression. CT was started in 10 pts at 7 (1-60) days after delivery. 18 women received CT during pregnancy. CT was started at 23 (14-32nd) weeks of gestation. 7 pts received 1 cycle, 9 - 2 cycles, 2 - 3 cycles of CT before delivery. 2/18 (11%) pts died during induction due to severe infections in aplasia. Antenatal fetal mortality was registered in one pt at the 32nd week of gestation. Delivery was planned at 34 (31-37) weeks of gestation and only 8/15 pts were in complete remission (CR) at the time of delivery. 2 CR-pts delivered by their own and 13 - by caesarean section. 7/15 pts (46,4%) were required urgent caesarean section due to infectious complications, or/and fetal developmental delays, and refractory AML. The time between CT and delivery was 23 days (2-30 days) and from delivery to the restart of CT - 14 days (3-30). 26 children were born (boys - 20 girls - 6). 24/26 are alive and healthy with a follow-up from 3 months to 25 yrs (Me - 97 months), 2 - died at the age of 1 month (Down's syndrome with complex congenital heart disease; prematurity (31 weeks of gestation age) and pneumonia). In overall, 1 woman died before CT. Second remission in was not achieved 2 relapsed-pts and they dead after delivery due to refractory AML. Induction mortality occurred in 7,4% (n=2). CR was achieved in 20/27 de novo AML-pts (74%): after 1st course CT - in 12/27 and after 2nd - 8/27 pts. Primary resistance was registered in 6/27 pts (22,2%). Among pts, whom available cytogenetic data, CR was archived in 75% (9/12) from int. and in 60% (6/10) from the poor prognostic group. 15/20 CR-pts had relapsed (75%). After childbirth allogenic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) was performed in 9 of 24 (37,5%) de novo AML-pts who survived induction-therapy. 3 pts relapsed after allo-BMT and 1 woman remained with refractory AML after allo-BMT. Only 8 of 27 (29,6%) de novo AML-pts are alive now (in CR-7, without CR-1) at 18 (7-222) months, 6 of them are alive after allo-BMT. Our results demonstrate quite low OS (A) and DFS (B) (11,7% and 22,9% respectively) for female AML-pts diagnosed during pregnancy (Fig. 1). Prolonged OS and DFS were achieved only in pts after allo-BMT. Due to long period of observation and different in supportive care in last 25 years, we conducted a comparative analysis 13 pregnant women and 26 AML female pts in reproductive age (<51 yrs) (Me - 38 (20-51) yrs), not pregnant at time of diagnosis treated in 2010-2016. Pregnancy was a poor prognostic factor for 3-yrs OS (C) and DFS (D) in AML female pts in reproductive age (Fig. 1). The multivariate Cox model, with clinical variables such as age, pregnancy and allo-BMT included as potential risk factors, revealed that pregnancy hazard ratio (HR)(95%CI) for OS and DFS was 4.088 ((1.153-14.493); p=0.029) and 6.979 ((1.708-28.514); p=0.007) respectively. Cox model revealed that pregnancy were significantly correlated with OS and DFS in female AML-pts in reproductive age and all these pts have to consider as candidates for allo-BMT in 1st CR. Figure 1 Overall (A) and disease-free (B) survival for AML patients with pregnancy. 3-yrs OS (C) and DFS (D) of AML-pts with (green) and without pregnancy (blue). Figure 1. Overall (A) and disease-free (B) survival for AML patients with pregnancy. 3-yrs OS (C) and DFS (D) of AML-pts with (green) and without pregnancy (blue). Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Azizah, Mutiara Nuraini, Mochammad Nur Ramadhani, Anne Agustina Suwargiani, and Sri Susilawati. "Correlation of knowledge and attitude on the practice of pregnant women’s oral health." Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry 33, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjd.vol33no1.24845.
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Introduction: During pregnancy, hormonal changes can increase susceptibility to oral diseases. Oral disease can pose a risk for the baby's oral health and pregnancy outcomes. Oral problems and their complications during pregnancy can be prevented by maintaining oral health behaviours that include knowledge, attitude, and practice. This study was aimed to analyse the correlation of knowledge and attitude on the practice of pregnant women's oral health. Methods: A descriptive-analytic research with a cross-sectional method was conducted towards 65 pregnant women at Sukajadi Community Health Centre (Puskesmas), Bandung, taken as a sample through purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The statistical test used in this study was the Spearman correlation test. Results: The study showed that 66.2% of pregnant women had good knowledge of oral health care, 27.7% had adequate knowledge, and 6.2% had poor knowledge. Observation on oral health care attitude found that 56.9% of pregnant women had a good attitude, 43.1% had a fair attitude, and none were in the poor category. Oral health care practice of pregnant women resulted from 15.4% was in a good category, 60.0% in the fair category and 24.6% was in the poor category. The statistical analysis results between the attitude and the practice of oral health care showed a weak correlation with the correlation coefficient (rs) 0.124 and a significance value (p-value) was higher than 0.05 (0.325), indicating that there was no significant relationship between attitudes and the practice of oral health care. Conclusion: There is no correlation between knowledge and attitude on the practice of pregnant women's oral health.
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Bhave, Neha V., and Parmanand K. Shah. "A correlation of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme levels in pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders with severity of disease, maternal and perinatal outcome." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 10 (September 23, 2017): 4302. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174132.
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Background: A spectrum of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy contribute to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. For prediction and early diagnosis of preeclampsia various biochemical markers, vascular function test and renal markers have been developed. The objective of the study is to measure the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH) levels in pregnant women with pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders and correlate the levels with the severity of condition, maternal and the perinatal outcome.Methods: In this prospective observational study, a total of 150 pregnant women were studied. Out of these 150 women, 30 women had normal blood pressure, 30 women had gestational hypertension, 30 women had mild preeclampsia, 30 women had severe preeclampsia and 30 women had eclampsia. The serum LDH levels were measured in third trimester and patients followed up until early postpartum period and babies were followed up till early neonatal period to assess the maternal and neonatal outcomes.Results: Higher lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH) levels were observed in pregnant women with severe form of hypertensive disorder and those who had a poor maternal and perinatal outcome. This is statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH) level is a useful biochemical marker to assess and predict the severity of disease, maternal and perinatal outcome as higher levels of the enzyme are associated with worsening severity of disease, a poor maternal and perinatal outcome.
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Madeghe, Beatrice A., Wambui Kogi-Makau, Sophia Ngala, and Manasi Kumar. "Nutritional Factors Associated With Maternal Depression Among Pregnant Women in Urban Low-Income Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 42, no. 3 (July 5, 2021): 334–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03795721211025123.
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Background: Nutritional deficiencies are common during pregnancy and a year after childbirth. At the same time, maternal depression affects many women during pregnancy up to 1 year after childbirth. The objectives of this study were to determine the associations between nutrition status, dietary intake, and maternal depression among pregnant women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 262 pregnant women aged 15 to 49 years attending the antenatal clinic in 2 public health facilities in urban low-income settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. Maternal depression was assessed using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) was used to determine nutritional status. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hour recall, and brain essential nutrients were assessed through a questionnaire. Odds ratio was used to test the associations. All maternal characteristics with P < .001 in the univariable analysis were considered in the multivariable logistic regression, variables with P < .05 were considered significant. Results: Of the 262 pregnant women, 33.6% (95% CI: 27.9-40.7) had depressive illness as indicated by EPDS >13. About 9.9% of pregnant women had MUAC < 23 cm. The study established statistically significant association between poor nutrition by MUAC and maternal depression ( P < .001). Maternal depression was statistically significantly associated with inadequate intake of brain food essential ( P = .002). Maternal depression was statistically significantly associated with lower income ( P < .001). In multivariable regression analysis, the main predictor of maternal depression was poor nutrition ( P < .004). Conclusion: These findings reveal an association between poor nutrition and maternal depression. These results suggest that nutritional deficiencies could be a contributing factor for maternal depression. Study recommends dietary interventions as cost-effective way to reduce deficiencies and improve mental health problems for pregnant women. Assessment of maternal depression and dietary intake be integrated as fundamental components of antenatal care.
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Magomedova, A. P., N. A. Lomova, T. Eh Karapetyan, and E. Yu Amiraslanov. "Latent iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: effects on maternal and fetal health, possible ways to solve the problem." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-4-170-173.
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Iron deficiency with or without anemia in pregnant women is quite common today. In fact, anemia affects nearly 30% of women of reproductive age, and its prevalence among pregnant women is estimated to be 38% worldwide. Although iron deficiency (IR) is not the only cause of anemia, it is the most prevalent one. Anemia-reduction strategies among pregnant women are often ineffective, and severe anemia can greatly increase the risk of maternal mortality, as reported by WHO. Now therefore, the current guidelines for screening and treatment of ID-anemia (IDA) in pregnant women and new-borns require change. Severe anemia can greatly increase the risk of maternal death and adversely affect a developing fetus and new-born. In this review, we analyse the available data on the epidemiology and the effects of iron deficiency on mothers and infants, current treatment strategies and screening recommendations, as well as examine the treatment of IDA in pregnant women and newborns and the problem of poor compliance in patients with latent iron deficiency. A continuous long-term course of administration of oral iron supplements is one of the components of success in the treatment of IDA, and particularly latent forms of iron deficiency in pregnant women. It is often the case that poor patients’ compliance with therapy leads to poor treatment outcomes and misleading conclusions about the ineffectiveness of oral iron dosage forms in the battle against IDA. The data we have analysed suggest the possibility of increasing compliance with IDA treatment in pregnant women.
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Guo, Jing, Qingxue Zhang, Yu Li, Wenjun Wang, and Dongzi Yang. "Low level of basal testosterone: a significant risk factor for poor oocyte yield after ovulation induction." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, no. 3 (2016): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd14061.
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The objective of this study was to further investigate the association of low androgen levels and poor ovarian response or negative pregnancy outcome in in vitro fertilisation treatment using a retrospective cohort study. Chinese women (n = 1950) of relatively young age, with normal range of basal FSH and antral follicle count undergoing an in vitro fertilisation cycle were selected and testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were measured on Day 3 of the menstrual cycle before subsequent in vitro fertilisation treatment. The main outcome measures of the study were ovarian stimulation parameters and clinical pregnancy. Basal testosterone levels of poor responders and non-pregnant women were significantly lower than normal responders and pregnant women, respectively. Patients with low basal testosterone levels had significantly lower number of mature oocytes, cleavage-stage embryos, frozen embryos, lower fertilisation and pregnancy rates and required higher doses of gonadotrophins. Androgen levels had no correlation with early spontaneous abortion rates. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that low basal testosterone (<0.88 nmol L–1) was an independent risk factor for poor oocyte yield (odds ratio: 1.61; 95% confidence interval: 1.01–2.57; P = 0.045). In conclusion, a low level of basal testosterone was a significant risk factor for poor oocyte yield after ovarian stimulation and might negatively influence pregnancy chances with in vitro fertilisation. Basal dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were not predictive for poor ovarian response or negative pregnancy outcome in this population.
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Pati, R. N. "Reproductive and Maternal Health Challenges of Pregnant Women in Ethiopia: An Anthropological Appraisal." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v4i1.16414.
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A very Poor attention is given to reproductive health issues of pregnant women in rural regions of African countries. Ethiopia is one of the countries in horn of Africa representing highest maternal mortality rate in the continent. The Government of Ethiopia has reformed health policy and program to promote community involvement in maternal health, promotion of emergency obstetric health care, health seeking behavior for optimal utilization of maternal health services by women during pregnancies. The women living in pastoralist and small land holders’ communities are exposed to high risks of reproductive health hazards. Material delays comprising of delay in making the decision for referral, delay in arriving at hospital and delay in receiving appropriate maternal health services are major contributing factors for growing maternal deaths in Ethiopia. The illiteracy of woman, exposure to frequent pregnancies at adolescent age, poor decision making power of women in patriarchal society, poor employment status of women are main predicators of low utilization of maternal services and high ,maternal death in rural regions of the country. This article is based on synthesis of research projects completed by different authors on multiple dimensions of maternal mortality in Ethiopia. The promotion of referral support service and bridging up the referral gaps would address issues of maternal mortality and growing unsafe abortions among young mothers in rural regions of the country. This paper examines critically different socio – cultural barriers that prevent women living in rural area for accessing appropriate utilization of maternal and health services and infrastructure available. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-1: 32-37
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Cochrane, Thomas. "Ethical Issues in the Neurology of Pregnancy." Seminars in Neurology 37, no. 06 (December 2017): 724–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607311.
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AbstractDecision making for pregnant women and fetuses who suffer brain injuries is emotionally difficult and conceptually challenging. Occasionally, both the pregnant woman and the fetus have suffered an injury that confers a poor neurological prognosis, and decisions about one of them will have implications for the other—making the process of decision making even more problematic. In this article, decision-making standards and principles are reviewed for both pregnant women and fetuses, using a real case from the author's institution. Practical suggestions are made regarding deliberative processes and consultative models that can help with these difficult cases.
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Zhang, Xiaotong, Jue Liu, Na Han, and Jing Yin. "Social Media Use, Unhealthy Lifestyles, and the Risk of Miscarriage Among Pregnant Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospective Observational Study." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 7, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): e25241. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25241.
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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes to normal life and disrupted social and economic function worldwide. However, little is known about the impact of social media use, unhealthy lifestyles, and the risk of miscarriage among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective This study aims to assess the association between social media use, unhealthy lifestyles, and the risk of miscarriage among pregnant women in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods In this prospective cohort study, 456 singleton pregnant women in mainland China were recruited during January and February 2020. Sociodemographic characteristics, history of previous health, social media use, and current lifestyles were collected at baseline, and we followed up about the occurrence of miscarriage. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the risk ratios (RRs) of miscarriage for women with different exposures to COVID-19–specific information. Results Among all the 456 pregnant women, there were 82 (18.0%) who did no physical activities, 82 (18.0%) with inadequate dietary diversity, 174 (38.2%) with poor sleep quality, and 54 (11.8%) spending >3 hours on reading COVID-19 news per day. Women with excessive media use (>3 hours) were more likely to be previously pregnant (P=.03), have no physical activity (P=.003), have inadequate dietary diversity (P=.03), and have poor sleep quality (P<.001). The prevalence of miscarriage was 16.0% (n=73; 95% CI 12.6%-19.4%). Compared with women who spent 0.5-2 hours (25/247, 10.1%) on reading COVID-19 news per day, miscarriage prevalence in women who spent <0.5 hours (5/23, 21.7%), 2-3 hours (26/132, 19.7%), and >3 hours (17/54, 31.5%) was higher (P<.001). Miscarriage prevalence was also higher in pregnant women with poor sleep quality (39/174, 22.4% vs 34/282, 12.1%; P=.003) and a high education level (66/368, 17.9% vs 7/88, 8.0%; P=.02). In the multivariable model, poor sleep quality (adjusted RR 2.06, 95% CI 1.24-3.44; P=.006), 2-3 hours of media use daily (adjusted RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.02-2.97; P=.04), and >3 hours of media use daily (adjusted RR 2.56, 95% CI 1.43-4.59; P=.002) were associated with miscarriage. In the sensitivity analysis, results were still stable. Conclusions Pregnant women with excessive media use were more likely to have no physical activity, inadequate dietary diversity, and poor sleep quality. Excessive media use and poor sleep quality were associated with a higher risk of miscarriage. Our findings highlight the importance of healthy lifestyles during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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McCauley-Elsom, Kay, and Jayashri Kulkarni. "Managing Psychosis in Pregnancy." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 3 (March 2007): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670601172798.
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Objective: This article provides an introduction to the complex issues surrounding the management of women who have a history of psychosis and who become pregnant. Balancing the mental wellbeing of the woman and the safety and wellbeing of the baby is a complex task for both the expectant mother and the health professionals involved in her care. Clinical picture: Within this article the complexity of the issues will be outlined as a case report of a woman with a history of psychotic related disorders, who was also pregnant. Treatment: The woman was being case managed by a Mental Health Service in Victoria, Australia, and was included on the National Register of Antipsychotic Medications in Pregnancy Register (NRAMP) recently established at the Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (APRC). Outcome: The profile of women with a history of previous mental illness, and who are pregnant, often includes a poor psychosocial history and involvement with child protection agencies with regard to custody of the children. Well meant but poorly coordinated decisions by health professionals result in sub-optimal outcomes for both mother and infant. Conclusion: There is a need for the exploration of the management and experiences of women who have a history of psychosis and who are pregnant. This case example highlights the complexity of issues surrounding the management of this vulnerable group of women and their babies.
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Gilabert, Juan, Amparo Estellés, Justo Aznar, Francisco España, Cristina Andrés, Teresa Santos, and Juana Vallés. "Contribution of Platelets to Increased Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 in Severe Preeclampsia." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 63, no. 03 (1990): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1645047.
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SummaryPlasminogen activator inhibitor activity and antigen were evaluated in plasma, serum and platelet lysate in patients with severe preeclampsia (n = 12), and in normal pregnant women (n = 21). Other parameters, including β-thromboglobulin and platelet count, were also evaluated. A significant increase (p <0.05) in β-thromboglobulin was observed in platelet poor plasma of preeclamptic women when compared with that of normal pregnant women, and the platelet count was lower in the preeclamptic group than in the normal pregnant group. A significant increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor activity and antigen was observed in platelet poor plasma of the preeclamptic group as compared with normal pregnant women, whereas platelet lysate from preeclamptic women showed a significant decrease in both plasminogen activator inhibitor activity and antigen as compared with that of normal pregnant women. No correlation between β-thromboglobulin and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 antigen in platelet poor plasma was observed, but a significant inverse correlation (r = −0.78, p <0.05) between β-thromboglobulin in platelet poor plasma and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen in platelet lysate was obtained in preeclamptic patients. However, in platelet poor plasmas obtained from normal platelet rich plasmas activated with thrombin (0.1 IU/ml, 37° C, 1 min), an increase of about 300 ng/ ml in β-thromboglobulin was observed while the increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor was only 4 ng/ml. It is concluded that the contribution of platelet plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 to the increase in plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels in preeclamptic patients is negligible but the possibility that intravascular platelet activation indirectly contributes “in vivo” to the increase in plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels in severe preeclampsia patients cannot be ruled out.
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Gourounti, Kleanthi, Fotios Anagnostopoulos, and Jane Sandall. "Poor marital support associate with anxiety and worries during pregnancy in Greek pregnant women." Midwifery 30, no. 6 (June 2014): 628–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.10.008.
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Kalinka, Jarosław, Tadeusz Laudański, Wojciech Hanke, and Małgorzata Wasiela. "Do Microbiological Factors Account for Poor Pregnancy Outcome among Unmarried Pregnant Women in Poland?" Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 18, no. 5 (2003): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000071979.
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Diamond-Smith, Nadia, Mahesh Puri, Sheri Weiser, and John Neuhaus. "The Impact of Changes In Women's Status on Eating Patterns Among Newly Married Women In Nepal." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_045.
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Abstract Objectives Gender norms in South Asia often lead women, especially younger newly married women, to eat last in the household, not eat enough food and/or have poor diet quality. Low BMI and poor nutritional intake among preconception and pregnant women, and subsequent adverse birth and growth outcomes, are still common. We hypothesize that factors that increase women's status in the household, including becoming pregnant, giving birth, being in school and paid work, might lead to improvements in food consumption and quality. This should especially be true for pregnancy and childbirth given decades of programs and policies aiming to improve nutrition pre-pregnancy. Our objective is to explore how the change in four factors associated with women's status are associated with changes in newly married women's eating practices. Methods We collected 4 rounds of panel data over 18 months from 200 newly married women (married in the last 3 months) living in 2 municipalities of Nepal in 2018–2019. Using mixed effects models, we explored the impact of (1) becoming pregnant, (2) giving birth, (3) being in school and (4) paid work outside the home, on women reporting that she ate last in the household always/most of the time; ate 3 or more meals a day; ate iron rich foods all/most days; and a higher dietary diversity. Results Controlling for other socio-economic demographics, pregnancy or giving birth was not associated with improvement in any eating practices. An individual woman starting to work outside the home was associated with her having a lower odds of eating last. A woman dropping out of school was associated with a reduced odds of eating iron rich foods most days and eating 3 + meals a day. Conclusions Programs and policies aiming to improve women's access to high quality and quantity of food when they become pregnant or give birth do not seem to be leading to desired improvements in this setting—other approaches are needed to encourage families to give high-risk women more and higher quality food. Other factors associated with women's status and empowerment do appear to increase women's access to food and nutrition related resources. Families thus appear to value investing in women when they are contributing to household resources or appear to have future potential to do so, which may contribute to higher negotiating power for women. Funding Sources National Institute of Child Health and Development.
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Goyal, Neelam, and Harshita Pandey. "Study on prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in labour." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 7 (June 25, 2020): 2725. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20202520.
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Background: In the developing world Nutritional deficiency anaemia is the commonest finding in pregnant women. Lack of balanced diet, poor socio-economic status, repeated pregnancies and illiteracy are seen associated with Anaemia commonly. Anaemia itself results in maternal morbidities and poor pregnancy outcomes. Neonatal morbidities also have a direct equation with anaemia. It is a study done on pregnant women in labour with the sole objective to estimate the prevalence of anaemia amongst them and associated fetomaternal morbidities.Methods: It is a prospective observational study done on 300 pregnant women presenting in labour from October 2019-Decemebr 2019, in Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun. These women belonged to Dehradun and surrounding hilly areas of Uttarakhand. Their haemoglobin levels (complete blood count) were assessed at the time of admission along with other routine investigations. They were also assessed for associated pre and post-delivery morbidities and mortality.Results: In this study, out of 300 pregnant women presenting in labour from October 2019 to December 2019, in Government Doon Medical College Dehradun, the incidence of anaemia was found to be very high (70%). Severely anaemic patient group was found to have maximum number of fetomaternal complications and blood transfusion requirements.Conclusions: Despite all the maternal welfare programmes being run at National levels, it is being observed that there is a high unacceptable prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women. This increases their morbidity and mortality. It is a huge burden on hospital finances and blood bank for blood transfusions which are preventable. There is need to strengthen our health care system at primary level for pregnant women and teenage girls.
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Nurhasanah, Nurhasanah, Dita Alifhia Maulida, and Erawati Erawati. "HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG COVID-19 DENGAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN COVIT-19." Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati 7, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v7i3.4452.
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Background Knowledge is the basis for pregnant women to do one behavior, the presence of Covid-19 makes pregnant women have to be able to make prevention efforts, pregnancy hormones make a pregnant woman a vulnerable group for the corona virus, therefore a pregnant woman must have good knowledge so that have good behavior in the effort to prevent Covid-19. Purposes to assess the knowledge of pregnant women about Covid-19 and the relationship between knowledge and prevention behavior. Methods This study used a cross sectional design. The population of all pregnant women at the Arsy Media Clinic, Cirebon Regency. Sampling using Acidal sampling. The data taken are primary data obtained through a questionnaire given to 40 pregnant women. The correlation test used is Chi-Square. Research Results Most pregnant women have poor knowledge about Covid-19. All pregnant women in this study showed a positive attitude, namely by answering answers carefully, calmly and efforts to improve health. Pregnant women have bad preventive behavior against Covid-19 transmission. There is a significant relationship between knowledge and behavior of pregnant women regarding Covid-19 with a value (p = 0.000). Conclusion It was found that of the 40 pregnant women respondents studied, all of them had to have a positive attitude towards Covid-19. Most respondents who have poor knowledge show bad actions regarding efforts to prevent Covid-19. Suggestion Future research is expected to be able to examine more deeply about attitudes by using better methods. Keywords: Knowledge, Behavior, Pregnant Women, Covid-19. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang Pengetahuan merupakan dasar ibu hamil melakukan salah suatu perilaku, adanya Covid-19 menjadikan ibu hamil harus mampu melakukan upaya pencegahan, perubahan sistem imun yang terjadi pada kehamilan dapat membuat seorang ibu hamil menjadi kelompok rentan terpaparnya corona virus, oleh karena itu seseorang ibu hamil harus mempunyai pengetahuan yang baik agar mampunyai perilaku yang baik dalam upaya pencegahan Covid-19.Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku pencegahannya.Metode Penelitian Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi seluruh ibu hamil di Klinik Arsy Media Kabupaten Cirebon sebesar 1.440 ibu hamil. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan Acidental sampling sebanyak 40 responden. Data yang diambil merupakan data primer yang didapat melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada ibu hamil. Uji Korelasi yang digunakan adalah Chi-Square.Hasil Penelitian Sebagian besar (80%) ibu hamil mempunyai pengetahuan tidak baik mengenai Covid-19. Seluruh ibu hamil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan sikap positif yaitu dengan menrespon jawaban hati-hati, tenang dan adanya usaha peningkatan kesehatan. Mayoritas Ibu hamil mempunyai Perilaku pencegahan yang tidak baik terhadap penularan Covid-19. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan perlaku ibu hamil mengenai Covid-19 dengan nilai (p=0,000).Kesimpulan Didapatkan bahwa Dari 40 responden ibu hamil yang diteliti, seluruhnya mempunyai sikap yang positif terhadap Covid-19. Sebagian besar responden yang mempunyai pengetahuan tidak baik menunjukkan tindakan yang tidak baik mengenai upaya pencegahan Covid-19.Saran peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat mengkaji lebih dalam mengenai sikap dengan menggunakan metode yang lebih baik. Kata Kunci : Pengentahuan, Perilaku, Ibu Hamil, Covid-19
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Lee, Hyejung, Ki-Eun Kim, Mi-Young Kim, and Chang Gi Park. "Cluster Analysis of the Combined Association of Sleep and Physical Activity with Healthy Behavior and Psychological Health in Pregnant Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 2185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042185.
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The purposes of the study were to (1) identify clusters based on patterns of sleep quality and duration and physical activity levels of healthy Korean pregnant women, and (2) subsequently investigate the association of identified clusters with pre-pregnancy healthy behaviors, depressive symptoms, and pregnancy stress. Two hundred eighty-four pregnant women participated in the study while attending a prenatal education program provided by a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea. The survey questionnaire consisted of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. We used the Latent GOLD to identify distinct clusters and the chi-square test and ANOVA to compare clusters. We identified three clusters: ‘good sleeper’ (63.4%), ‘poor sleeper’ (24.6%), and ‘low activity’ (12.0%). Women in the good-sleeper cluster were more likely to have higher education and income levels and reported more healthy behaviors before pregnancy. Poor-sleeper and low-activity clusters were more likely to report higher scores in depressive symptoms and pregnancy stress (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). Tailored intervention for pregnant women who are physically inactive or sleep poorly may promote their psychological well-being as well as bringing good obstetric outcomes.