Academic literature on the topic 'Pregnant women Pregnancy Exercise for pregnant women'

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Journal articles on the topic "Pregnant women Pregnancy Exercise for pregnant women"

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Nuryanti, Yayuk. "UPAYA PERAWATAN KEHAMILAN DENGAN SENAM HAMIL PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI PUSKESMAS AMBAN MANOKWARI." Jurnal EMPATI (Edukasi Masyarakat, Pengabdian dan Bakti) 2, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26753/empati.v2i1.519.

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Pregnancy is a natural and physiological process that every woman experiences. Pregnant women are a high risk group for health problems. Stress is a health problem that often occurs in pregnant women. The goals of pregnancy exercise include reducing stress and preparing physically and psychologically for pregnant women. The purpose of the activity is to increase knowledge and empower pregnant women to care for their health independently. The method used is pregnancy exercise lectures and exercises. Participants in pregnancy exercise were 20 trimester III pregnant women. Implementing activities consisted of lecturers, health center midwives and students. The results of the activity were obtained through interviews which explained that participants learned about the benefits of pregnancy exercise, pregnancy exercise can make the body comfortable, and participants are interested in pregnancy exercise. The results of this activity can be concluded that the class of pregnant women must be held at the Puskesmas with activities such as pregnancy exercise.
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Septiyaningsih, Rochany, Frisca Dewi Yunadi, and Dhiah Dwi Kusumawati. "Senam Hamil dalam Upaya Persiapan Fisik dalam Persalinan." Poltekita: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/pjpm.v1i2.100.

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One of the health problems in Indonesia is the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR). The World Health Organization (WHO) states that maternal deaths are deaths that occur during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days postpartum which can be caused either directly or indirectly to pregnancy. Pregnancy is a happiness that can be felt by pregnant women who plan and look forward to it. During pregnancy, changes will occur both physical and psychological changes. Psychological changes also occur in pregnant women especially just before delivery. Pregnant women feel anxious because of hormonal changes and thoughts before delivery. Exercise and relaxation techniques during pregnancy are needed to reduce the anxiety of pregnant women. Pregnant gymnastics is one of the sports activities that mothers can do during pregnancy. The aim of community service is to increase the knowledge of pregnant women about pregnancy exercise and teach pregnancy exercise. The target community service is 10 pregnant women in Tambakreja Village. This service begins with health education about pregnancy exercise and then continues with pregnancy exercise practice. As a result of community service, there was an increase in knowledge by 38% from before counseling to counseling. Pregnant women are also able to practice pregnancy exercises properly.
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Septiana, Maria. "Faktor - Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keikutsertaan Ibu Hamil dalam Melakukan Senam Hamil pada Kelas Ibu Hamil." Cendekia Medika 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52235/cendekiamedika.v5i1.4.

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Pregnancy exercise is therapeutic motion exercises to prepare pregnant women, physically or mentally, to deal with the fast delivery, secure and spontaneous. The participation of pregnant women in making pregnancy exercise may be influenced by several factors such as knowledge, education, and employment of pregnant women. This study was to know the influence of knowledge, education, and employment on the participation of pregnant women for doing pregnancy exercise. This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was 40 pregnant women. Total sampling was applied to obtain 40 samples. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test and multivariate analysis using logistic regression was applied in the data analysis. Results of the study showed respondents have the most knowledge at 60% unfavorable category, 67.5% the level of primary education, 67.5% as many working mothers, 55% pregnant women who do not follow pregnancy exercise. There is a relationship between knowledge, education, employment with the participation of pregnant women in the class doing pregnancy exercise on pregnant women(p= 0.002, p = 0.005, p = 0.014). There are influences together knowledge (p = 0.048; Exp B = 5.196), education (p = 0.041; Exp B = 7.272) and employment (p = 0.041; Exp B = 6.201) the participation of pregnant women in doing pregnancy exercise.
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S. Kolt, Gregory, and Belinda L. Nicoll. "Exercise Participation Motives of Pregnant Women." Australian Journal of Primary Health 5, no. 1 (1999): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py99005.

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The aims of this study were to investigate the participation motives of pregnant women involved in exercise classes and to examine the differences in reasons for participation based on age, stage of pregnancy, and prior exercise levels. To assess the exercise motives of pregnant women, the Participation Motivation Questionnaire for Exercise in Pregnancy (PMQEP) was administered to 131 women (mean age, 32.2 years) participating in exercise classes designed specifically for pregnant women. Findings indicated that the most important exercise motive was 'to keep healthy for the baby', followed by 'to cope better with the physical changes of pregnancy', 'I want to be physically fit', ?I want to stay in shape', and 'to cope better with labour'. Principal components analysis of the PMQEP established five factors: 'Social', 'Physical Fitness', 'Coping with Pregnancy', 'Achievement/Energy Release', and 'Preparation for Labour/Challenge'. Further, discriminant function analysis revealed differences in motives based on age and prior exercise levels. These findings have important implications for designing and implementing exercise classes for pregnant women, and should be considered when encouraging pregnant women to exercise throughout pregnancy.
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Maharani, Sri. "Hubungan Senam Hamil dengan Lama Tidur Ibu Hamil Trimester III di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi." Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi 10, no. 1 (March 6, 2021): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jab.v10i1.333.

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Pregnancy is a period that is eagerly awaited by mothers. In conditions of pregnancy there are hormonal and physiological changes. The changes that occur are expected to be carried out by pregnant women in order to have a comfortable pregnancy. Sleep disturbance is one of the complaints that occurs during pregnancy, the complaint is caused by various physiological, hormonal, vascular and metabolic changes. Empirical studies show that up to 25% of pregnant women report significant sleep disturbances in the first trimester, with rates rising to 75% in the first trimester. third trimester. Overcoming sleep disorders during pregnancy can be done in various ways in order to stabilize good sleep quality, such as determining a good and comfortable sleeping position while sleeping, basic relaxation exercises, one of which is pregnancy exercise. This study aims to determine the relationship between pregnancy exercise and sleep duration of pregnant women. Quantitative research design. The subjects in this study were pregnant women in their third trimester at Puskesmas Putri Ayu Jambi City. The subjects of the study were seen the length of sleep for pregnant women before doing pregnancy exercise and the length of sleep for pregnant women after participating in pregnancy exercise classes. The research was conducted at the Putri Ayu Health Center, Jambi City. The collected data will be analyzed univariately. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used as a source of information for pregnant women about physiological changes during pregnancy and can overcome complaints of difficulty sleeping by doing pregnancy exercise.Keywords: exercise for pregnancy, pregnant women, sleep duration
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Ni Wayan Noviani. "The Effect of Pregnancy Exercise on the Depression Level of the Third Trimester of Pregnant Woman in the Kecamatan Sukawati." Jurnal Genta Kebidanan 10, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36049/jgk.v10i2.33.

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This study aims to know the effect of pregnancy exercise on the depression level of the third trimester of pregnant woman in the Kecamatan Sukawati. This type of research is analytic with a one group pre-test post-test design without control, the number of samples is 50 pregnant women who meet the inclusion criteria by using purposive sampling technique. The instrument data collection using depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS) questionnaire. Bivariate analysis using Wilcoxon test. The result of the data shows p value of depression level of pregnant women before and after the implementation of pregnancy exercise is 0.102 (>0.05), it can be concluded that there is an no effect of the implementation of pregnancy exercise on the depression level of pregnant women in the third trimester. From the result of research conducted, the effect of the implementation of pregnancy exercise on the depression level of pregnant women before and after of pregnant women in the third trimester.
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Setiawan, Abas, Faik Agiwahyuanto, and Pramudi Arsiwi. "A Virtual Reality Teaching Simulation for Exercise During Pregnancy." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 14, no. 01 (January 17, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i01.8944.

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One of the poor indicators of the development and health status of a country is high maternal mortality. The world has seen that one pregnant woman in every two minutes dies because of complication with serious or long-lasting consequences. During pregnancy, pregnant women tend to reduce physical activity due to increased sensitivity factors. It will lead to decrease the elasticity of muscles and joints. The way to improve the elasticity is doing exercise during pregnancy. But, there are still many pregnant women who are less interested in doing exercise during pregnancy, due to high loaded in working day and dense schedule of daily activities in her career or as a housewife. Some women assume that by attending pregnancy exercise course in hospitals or health care centers is time-consuming and too formal because they have to follow the prenatal personal trainer schedule. The technology that allows helping pregnant women in exercise during pregnancy is virtual reality. In this study, the development of virtual reality application for exercise during pregnancy adapted from the methodology to determine when to use virtual reality in education and training combined with the Immersive Virtual Environment (IVE) questionnaire. The average results of overall components in the IVE questionnaire is 4.26 of 5-point scales that indicates the virtual reality application for exercise during pregnancy is feasible to use by pregnant woman.
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Prameswari, Veryudha Eka, and Synta Novyana Selly. "MOTIVATION OF PREGNANT WOMAN TO IMPLEMENT THE PREGNANCY GYMNASTIC." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS) 1, no. 1 (December 14, 2017): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29082/ijnms/2017/vol1.iss1.34.

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Pregnancy gymnastics is not something new in Indonesia, but many pregnant women who are lack of knowledge or even do not know about pregnancy gymnastics. One of the impacts caused if the mother does not perform pregnancy gymnastic is a complaint that will be felt more than the mother who exercises pregnancy exercise. This research aimed to determine the motivation of pregnant women to implement pregnancy exercise in BPM Titi Ekawati STR, Keb Tampung Rejo Kecamatan Puri Mojokerto regency. The research design was descriptive. The population in this research was trimester II and III pregnant women in BPM Titi Ekawati STR, Keb Tampung Rejo Kecamatan Puri Mojokerto regency in 2016 which amounted to 16 people. The sampling technique used total sampling. The variable of research was the motivation of pregnant mother to carry out pregnancy exercise. Measuring tools using questionnaires. The result showed that respondents had high motivation as much as 1 respondent (6.2%), 13 respondents (81.2%) had moderate motivation, and 2 respondents (12,5%) had low motivation. Data analysis used is frequency distribution and percentage. Medium motivation is owned by pregnant women because mothers only do pregnancy exercises if there is something to be desired, namely the presence of blood tests during pregnancy exercise classes. Pregnant women should be more motivated to do pregnancy gymnastic because it has benefits for pregnancy and before childbirth. Mothers can do pregnancy gymnastic that is held every 1 month or done in each home. Keywords: motivation, pregnancy gymnastic
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Prameswari, Veryudha Eka, and Synta Novyana Selly. "MOTIVATION OF PREGNANT WOMAN TO IMPLEMENT THE PREGNANCY GYMNASTIC." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS) 1, no. 1 (December 14, 2017): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29082/ijnms/2017/vol1/iss1/34.

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Pregnancy gymnastics is not something new in Indonesia, but many pregnant women who are lack of knowledge or even do not know about pregnancy gymnastics. One of the impacts caused if the mother does not perform pregnancy gymnastic is a complaint that will be felt more than the mother who exercises pregnancy exercise. This research aimed to determine the motivation of pregnant women to implement pregnancy exercise in BPM Titi Ekawati STR, Keb Tampung Rejo Kecamatan Puri Mojokerto regency. The research design was descriptive. The population in this research was trimester II and III pregnant women in BPM Titi Ekawati STR, Keb Tampung Rejo Kecamatan Puri Mojokerto regency in 2016 which amounted to 16 people. The sampling technique used total sampling. The variable of research was the motivation of pregnant mother to carry out pregnancy exercise. Measuring tools using questionnaires. The result showed that respondents had high motivation as much as 1 respondent (6.2%), 13 respondents (81.2%) had moderate motivation, and 2 respondents (12,5%) had low motivation. Data analysis used is frequency distribution and percentage. Medium motivation is owned by pregnant women because mothers only do pregnancy exercises if there is something to be desired, namely the presence of blood tests during pregnancy exercise classes. Pregnant women should be more motivated to do pregnancy gymnastic because it has benefits for pregnancy and before childbirth. Mothers can do pregnancy gymnastic that is held every 1 month or done in each home. Keywords: motivation, pregnancy gymnastic
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Rahmawati, Whida, Nurwijayanti Nurwijayanti, and Byba Melda Suhita. "The Effect of Pre Natal Exercise on Pain and Anxiety Third Pregnancy Primigravida in Sukomoro Public Health Center Magetan." Journal for Quality in Public Health 3, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v3i2.72.

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The high complaints and discomfort of pregnant women, especially in primigravida third trimester can result in pregnant women experiencing lower back pain due to changes in posture during pregnancy and the existence of anxiety disorders resulting from psychological changes in pregnant women, especially before labor. One of the efforts made to reduce these symptoms could be by doing a pre natal exercise. One of the benefits pre natal exercise is reduce stress in pregnant women and reduce complication especially musculoskeletal problem. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the influence of lower back pain and anxiety of pregnant women before and after the pre natal exercise. This study used a quasi experimental method with one grub pre and post test design research design. The population of this study was all third trimester primigravida pregnant women who participated in pregnancy exercise at Sukomoro Magetan Health Center. The number of samples is 48 respondents. 43,8% pregnant women suffer from moderate pain, and 39,6% pregnants women suffer severe anxiety. Processing and analysis of data using the Wilcoxon test. The results of this study indicate the influence of pre natal exercise on the lowering score of lower back pain by p = 0.003 (<0.005), and the decrease in anxiety scores by p = 0.004 (0.005). The conclusion in this study is the influence of pre natal exercise in reducing lower back pain and anxiety of primigravida third trimester pregnant women
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pregnant women Pregnancy Exercise for pregnant women"

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Gelsinger, Tamara J. "The role of dietary intake and exercise on maternal weight gain in West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=603.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 78 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-50).
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Fazzi, Gómez Caterina Joanna. "Sedentary behaviour in morbidly obese pregnant women." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33188.

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Introduction: Obesity during pregnancy is linked to many negative health effects for mothers and offspring. The majority of interventions with obese pregnant women based on physical activity have had limited success suggesting alternative approaches are needed. Sedentary behaviour is defined as waking activities that expend very low energy, 1.5 metabolic equivalents or below, while reclining, lying or sitting. Spending too much time sedentary has been identified as a risk factor for health, regardless of physical activity levels. We hypothesised that targeting sedentary behaviour may be a suitable alternative to reduce health risks during gestation among pregnant women who are morbidly obese (defined as body mass index, BMI > 40 Kg/m²). Aim and objectives: The aim was to explore sedentary behaviour among obese pregnant women and to propose an intervention to reduce the time obese pregnant women spend sedentary, through an active sitting exercise intervention. To conduct a systematic review of the literature to determine the proportion of time spent in sedentary behaviour among pregnant women, and the association of sedentary behaviour with pregnancy outcomes in mothers and offspring. To estimate total energy expenditure, and energy expended in sedentary activities in morbidly obese and lean pregnant women. To assess the feasibility of an active sitting exercise intervention for morbidly obese pregnant women, designed using a patient involvement in research method. Systematic Review: A systematic review of the literature reporting sedentary behaviour during pregnancy and its effects on pregnancy outcomes was conducted. Twenty six publications were included in the systematic review up until October 2015, and a further 18 were identified in the update completed in April 2018. Pregnant women spent at least 50% of their time in sedentary activities. Associations between increased time sedentary and higher risk of macrosomia, higher risk of pre-eclampsia, higher risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus, and larger new-born abdominal circumference were observed, as the main findings. Most of included studies scored an intermediate quality, only two of the 44 studies scored a good quality. Cross-sectional study. A cross-sectional study was conducted, using the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ), and the Actical accelerometer, to assess energy expenditure, and energy expended in sedentary behaviour. Based on the PPAQ, women who were morbidly obese expended significantly more energy per day, as total expenditure, than lean pregnant women, which was confirmed by the Actical. During sedentary behaviour lean pregnant women expended significantly less energy than morbidly obese pregnant women, based on the PPAQ. No differences were observed between lean and morbidly obese pregnant women in the proportion of time spent in sedentary activities, nor in time sedentary. Exercise Intervention Design A patient involvement in research approach was used to design an active sitting exercise intervention for morbidly obese pregnant women. Twenty three women took part in the design of the intervention, enabling design of a final protocol including six exercises, to be performed in two sets of 10 repetitions. Active sitting exercise intervention An intervention based on active sitting exercises for morbidly obese pregnant women to reduce sedentary time was conducted to assess the feasibility. Thirty morbidly obese pregnant women were recruited of whom 20% completed the exercise intervention. The main reason not to complete the intervention was lack of time. Conclusion: A better understanding of sedentary behaviour is needed for the design of effective interventions to help to reduce the adverse effects of morbid obesity on pregnancy, especially as prevalence is growing. More time spent in light intensity activities rather than in sedentary behaviour may play a role as contributing to reduce those risks associated with obesity during pregnancy, and to reduce time spent sedentary. Participants have shown real interest in helping to design an effective exercise intervention. Involving and empowering participants in how to take care of themselves as part of the intervention helps to increase their commitment. Giving participants the tools to take care of their own health and their babies' should be considered as part of the intervention with very obese pregnant women. Providing the information in how and why exercise might help, and basing the intervention in giving participants easy and realistic tasks that they could do on their own and around their own environment, will help to increase their commitment. This appears to be a feasible and effective strategy.
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Melgar, Dian L. (Dian Louise). "Effects of Maternal Aerobic Exercise on Selected Pregnancy Outcomes in Nulliparas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278051/.

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This study evaluated the effects of participation in aerobic exercise on pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy outcomes included type of delivery, length of labor, gestational age, neonatal birth weight, and maternal weight gain. The 137 nulliparas were categorized as active (N=44) or sedentary (N=93) based on self-reported aerobic exercise. Findings from this study suggest that pregnant women who were active during pregnancy were more likely to have vaginal deliveries than sedentary women. No significant differences between active and sedentary women were found in neonatal birth weight, maternal weight gain, length of labor, or gestational age.
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Wang, Xingyue, and 王星月. "Diet and physical activity interventions to prevent excessive gestational weight gain : a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206966.

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Background Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) poses significant risk for maternal and neonatal health. Various guidelines have recommended healthy diets and enhancing physical activity during pregnancy to prevent excessive GWG. However, results of intervention studies are inconsistent in the developed countries, and there are no official guidelines and few interventions for GWG in China. This paper aims to review and synthesize relevant studies on diet and physical activity interventions to prevent excessive GWG so that practical suggestions can be provided to public health authorities in China. Methods This systematic review was performed using PubMed, Google and Google Scholar to search all relevant studies in English and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated diet and physical activity interventions to limit excessive GWG up to May 2014. The quality of included studies was assessed using CONSORT statement and JADAD scale. Results Nine studies describing diet and physical activity interventions to prevent excessive GWG were incorporated in the systematic review. Overall, the contents of interventions were diverse, which consisted of one-to-one counselling, and community-based physical activity interventions. Weekly mailed newsletters and supportive telephone calls were used as assistive tools to remind pregnant women of limiting excessive GWG. Seven studies showed less weight gain in pregnant women receiving the intervention, of which four studies demonstrated a reduction in excessive GWG in women with varying body mass index (BMI) spanning the normal, overweight and obese categories, while three studies reported a reduction of excessive GWG only in normal weight women and obese women need to be paid attention in the future. Conclusions The effectiveness of diet and physical interventions to limit excessive GWG may not be confirmed because of limited quality or sample size of intervention studies. However, studies have demonstrated reduction of excessive GWG during pregnancy, in addition to persistent healthy behaviours following such interventions during pregnancy. Further meta-analyses of RCTs studies should be done to confirm the effectiveness of such interventions among Chinese women.
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Master of Public Health
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Petersson, Khaliah. "Exercise, self-perceptions and mood during pregnancy." University of Western Australia. School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0049.

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The general purpose of this research was to investigate physical activity levels as a correlate of selected aspects of psychological health among pregnant women. Specifically, the aims of the study were (1) to provide a cross-sectional description of changes in physical self-concept, mood, and perceived stress during pregnancy; (2) to evaluate physical activity patterns of pregnant women over time during pregnancy; and (3) to determine if there is a difference between physical activity and physical self-concept, mood, perceived stress and/or burnout symptoms during pregnancy. Participants were pregnant women from various antenatal clinics at King Edward Memorial Hospital. The women completed a questionnaire package containing questions on physical activity levels and measures of physical self-concept, social physique anxiety, perceived stress, mood and burnout symptoms. A series of ANOVAs was used to provide a descriptive profile of how these psychological variables change during the course of pregnancy. Significant time-related differences were found for the perceived health subscale of the PSDQ and the tension subscale for the BRUMS. Findings also suggested a significant association between physical activity, and physical self-perceptions, most importantly self-esteem. Higher levels of physical activity were also found to be closely related to positive mood states, lower levels of perceived stress and fewer burnout symptoms. No significant association was found between physical activity and social physique anxiety.
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Weis, Carol Ann. "The effects of exercise on carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq21114.pdf.

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Gonzalez, Beltran Erika. "Prenatal physical activity patterns and determinants in an urban Ecuadorian population." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Rankin, Jean. "Effects of antenatal exercise on psychological well-being, pregnancy and birth outcome." London : Whurr, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470699263.

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Wallace, McKenzie K. "A Prospective Longitudinal Correlation Study of Behavioral and Biological Determinates of Inflammation and the Development of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Gestational Diabetes in Pregnant Women." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1595348213502635.

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Malta, Maíra Barreto [UNESP]. "Promoção da caminhada no lazer e alimentação saudável na atenção pré-natal: estudo de intervenção controlado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139304.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Objetivo: delinear, implementar e avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção - inserção sistematizada da promoção da alimentação saudável e caminhada no lazer na atenção pré-natal rotineira realizada por médicos e enfermeiros em unidades de saúde da família - sobre cinco práticas alimentares e a realização de caminhada no lazer por gestantes. Métodos: estudo de intervenção controlado, não randomizado, no qual participaram 42 médicos/enfermeiros e uma amostra (n=353) de gestantes por eles assistidas em unidades de atenção primária à saúde da rede pública do município de Botucatu-SP, Brasil. O estudo foi dividido em duas etapas: avaliação das mudanças em conhecimentos e práticas dos profissionais e avaliação do impacto da intervenção sobre os comportamentos das gestantes por eles assistidas. Na primeira, foi delineada e implementada uma ação educativa (AE), com 16 horas, presenciais, dirigida a médicos e enfermeiros que assistem gestantes em 9 unidades de saúde da família, com o objetivo de ampliar/adequar seus conhecimentos sobre alimentação e atividade física na gestação e organizar o processo de trabalho para a inserção sistematizada no pré-natal da promoção de 5 práticas alimentares (3 frutas diariamente; 2 porções de hortaliças e 2 de feijão, pelo menos em 5 dias da semana; consumo esporádico (no máximo uma vez por semana) de refrigerante e/ou biscoito industrializado) e da orientação das gestantes para a realização de caminhada no lazer. A AE incluiu um curso de imersão (8hs) com todos os profissionais e 3 oficinas de trabalho em cada unidade de saúde. Os conhecimentos e práticas dos participantes (n=22), antes e após a intervenção, foram comparados aos de um grupo controle (n=20), formado pelos profissionais de 8 unidades básicas de saúde de modelo tradicional (UBS) situadas no mesmo município e que não foram envolvidas na intervenção. Nos dois grupos, os conhecimentos...
Objective: to design, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention - systematic insertion of promoting healthy eating and leisure-time walking during in routine prenatal care performed by doctors and nurses in family health care units - over five dietary practices and the realization of leisure-time walking at by pregnant women. Methods: this is a controlled intervention study, not randomized, in which took part 42 doctors/nurses and a sample (n=353) of pregnant women attended by those professionals in primary health care settings to public health care in the city of Botucatu-SP, Brazil. The study has been divided into two stages. The first one was the implementation and evaluation of an educational activity (EA), with 16 hours, by attendance, addressed to doctors and nurses who assist pregnant women in nine family health care units, in order to extend/adapt their knowledge of nutrition and physical activity during pregnancy and then introduce routinely and systematically in prenatal care the promotion of 5 dietary practices (3 fruit daily; 2 servings of vegetables and two servings of beans, at least 5 days a week; sporadic consumption (maximum once a week) of soda and / or industrialized cookie), and guidance of pregnant women to walking during leisure time. The knowledge and practices of the participants (n=22) before and after the EA, have been compared to a control group (n=20), formed by professionals of eight traditional health care units not involved in the educational activity. This knowledge has been evaluated in both groups with a self-applied questionnaire, elaborated for this research; practices (guidance for leisure-time walking and healthy eating) have been measured by interviews with pregnant women assisted by two professional groups, in their homes. We have generated two scores of knowledge (about walking and nutrition) and we have used ANOVA for repeated measures to assess changes before and after the ...
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Books on the topic "Pregnant women Pregnancy Exercise for pregnant women"

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Swimming through your pregnancy: The perfect exercise for pregnant women. Wellingborough: Thorsons, 1985.

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Mittelmark, Raul Artal. Pregnancy & exercise. New York: Delacorte Press, 1992.

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Fit & pregnant: The pregnant woman's guide to exercise. Waverly, N.Y: Acorn Pub., 1996.

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Pregnancy and fitness: All you need to know to exercise safely and effectively throughout pregnancy. London: A. & C. Black, 2006.

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Exercising through your pregnancy. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1998.

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Catherine, Cram, ed. Exercising through your pregnancy. 2nd ed. Omaha, Neb: Addicus Books, 2012.

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Clapp, James F. Exercising through your pregnancy. Omaha, Neb: Addicus Books, 2002.

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DiFiore, Judy. The pregnancy exercise book. Dublin: Newleaf, 2000.

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Gliksman, Dorothy. The pregnant body: Simple exercises to ease the common discomforts of pregnancy. Camberwell, Vic: Penguin, 2002.

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Widdowson, Rosalind. Yoga for pregnancy. Minnetonka, Minn: Creative Pub. International, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pregnant women Pregnancy Exercise for pregnant women"

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Santos-Rocha, Rita, Isabel Corrales Gutiérrez, Anna Szumilewicz, and Simona Pajaujiene. "Exercise Testing and Prescription for Pregnant Women." In Exercise and Sporting Activity During Pregnancy, 183–230. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91032-1_8.

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Norsyam, Wan Mohd, Nurhidayah Ahmad, Zulkhairi Azam, Mohd Hanifa Sariman, Nurul Nadiah Shahudin, and Nurul Ain. "Relationship Between Physical Activity Level and Low Back Pain Disability Among Pregnant Women: An Online Survey." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Colloquium on Sports Science, Exercise, Engineering and Technology 2015 (ICoSSEET 2015), 175–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-691-1_19.

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Balakrishnan, Sudheer. "Non-obstetric Imaging in Pregnant Women." In Non-Obstetric Surgery During Pregnancy, 39–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90752-9_3.

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Forestell, Catherine A., and Danielle H. Dallaire. "Pregnant Behind Bars: Meeting the Nutrition Needs of Incarcerated Pregnant Women." In Handbook of Nutrition and Pregnancy, 295–307. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90988-2_16.

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Eliseev, Oleg M. "Management of Pregnant Women with Heart Disease." In Cardiovascular Diseases and Pregnancy, 98–120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73605-6_10.

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Rompolski, Krista L., and John M. Jakicic. "Exercise Recommendations for the Obese Gravida." In Pregnancy in the Obese Woman, 152–70. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444391183.ch10.

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Artal, Raul, Gerald S. Zavorsky, and Rosemary B. Catanzaro. "Exercise Recommendations in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus." In Gestational Diabetes During and After Pregnancy, 243–57. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-120-0_17.

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Daghestani, Amin N. "Psychosocial Characteristics of Pregnant Women Addicts in Treatment." In Drugs, Alcohol, Pregnancy and Parenting, 7–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2627-1_2.

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Østensen, M., G. Husby, and G. Marhaug. "THE ACUTE PHASE RESPONSE IN HEALTHY PREGNANT WOMEN AND IN PREGNANT PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASE." In Pregnancy Proteins in Animals, edited by Jann Hau, 185–94. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110858167-020.

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Hammond, Peter. "Putting Pregnant Women with Diabetes on the Pump." In A Practical Manual of Diabetes in Pregnancy, 215–25. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119043805.ch17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pregnant women Pregnancy Exercise for pregnant women"

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Juříková, Jana. "Attitude Towards Physical Activities In A Group Of Pregnant Women." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-38.

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Moderate and systematic physical activity during pregnancy is not only safe, but it also brings numerous health benefits, such as metabolic acceleration, lower risk of hypertension in preg-nancy, prevention of swelling due to water retention within the body, reduction of premature birth, it also shortens and facilitates the childbirth and lower the risk of postpartum compli-cations improves well-being and accelerates return to original physical condition after the child is born. Rather than regular exercises, however, it is a physical inactivity that brings risks. Some women are aware of this and they keep various physical activities during the pregnancy, on the other hand there exists a group of pregnant women who are afraid of doing exercises at all. This study attempts to define what are suitable activities during pregnancy, and find the reasons for pregnant women to perform and also not to perform physical activ-ities. Survey was carried out in a group of pregnant women, the information concerning their attitude towards physical activities have been obtained by a questionnaire method. Question-naires were anonymous and were submitted by 107 pregnant women. Results revealed that 63.6% of women spent their leisure time during pregnancy in an active way. Most of them reported that they are suficiently informed; they mainly used the Internet to seek information. Pregnant women typically perform their pastime physical activity at home, alone (usually with DVD) or outdoor – walking alone or with a dog, which is even more beneficial, since the dog gives a brisk pace of the walk. Concerning the frequency of physical activity, most women stated the frequency of 2 – 3 times a week. Women, who do not perform any physical activity at all, usually refer to lack of time and energy, frequent nausea, back aches and other health problems. Some women feel like doing an activity, but to perform it, they would need a stim-ulus and/or more information on suitable activities for pregnant women. Some women also pointed to lack of information concerning proper physical activities during pregnancy, hence they are afraid that choosing the wrong type or intensity of exercise they might injure either themselves or their unborn child.
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Amalia, Linda, Annisa F. Lisna, Suci Tuty Putri, Sri Sumartini, and N. Mega. "The Contribution of Pregnant Women Characteristics to Pregnancy Exercise Perception." In 4th International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200214.045.

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Maidawilis, Sandra Dewi, and Yesi Maifita. "Relationship Between Knowledge and Attitudes of Pregnant Women with Participation in Pregnancy Exercise at Puskesmas Pariaman." In 2nd Progress in Social Science, Humanities and Education Research Symposium (PSSHERS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210618.057.

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Amita, Migita Vidia, and Sri Ratnaningsih. "Experience on Prenatal Gentle Yoga Exercise during Pregnancy: A Scoping Review." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.74.

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ABSTRACT Background: The accelerated pace of physical and psychological changes during pregnancy can cause discomfort for pregnant women. Several studies claimed that maternal stress, depression, and anxiety level have a negative impact on birth outcomes. Yoga is a well-known exercise for emotional relaxation therapy. This study aimed to investigate the benefits of prenatal yoga exercise during pregnancy. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted in eight stages including (1) Identification of study problems; (2) Determining priority problem and study question; (3) Determining framework; (4) Literature searching; (5) Article selec­tion; (6) Critical appraisal; (7) Data extraction; and (8) Mapping. The search included Willey Online library, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The inclusion criteria were English-language, full-text, and free access articles published between 2009 and 2019. The selected articles were appraised by Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. The data were reported by the PRISMA flow chart. Results: A total of 2,232 articles obtained from the search database, in which 2,093 articles were irrelevant, 95 duplicates, and 24 articles unmet inclusion criteria were excluded. Based on the selected 20 articles, eleven articles obtained A grade, and nine articles obtained B grade with quantitative (RCT, quasi-experiment, cross-sectional) and qualitative (focus group discussion) study designs. For main thematic findings reviewed were physical, psychological, labor process, and fetal benefits of prenatal gentle yoga exercise during pregnancy. Conclusion: Prenatal gentle yoga exercise has benefits for both mother and fetus, especially the psychological well-being of mothers by reducing stress and anxiety. Active participation of husbands is required to enhance the effectiveness of prenatal yoga. Keywords: prenatal gentle yoga, pregnancy, benefit Correspondence: Migita Vidia Amita. Faculty of Public Health, Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi (Ring Road Barat) No. 63 Mlangi, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55292. Email: gitamigita16@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281466841970. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.74
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Vaganova, Y. A., G. A. Suslova, S. N. Gaidukov, S. A. Salekhov, and K. M. Kerimaly. "The Effect of Exercise Therapy on the Quality of Life of Pregnant Women with Dorsopathies." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Health and Well-Being in Modern Society (ICHW 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ichw-19.2019.58.

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Yang, Jingzhou James, and Qiuling Zou. "Prediction of On-Stride Walking for Pregnant Women." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39929.

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Pregnant women’s size, shape, and weight changes have significant effects on their walking stability. Traditionally, experiments are used to study the effects of subjects, but it is time consuming and expensive. This paper presents an optimization-based pregnant women walking simulation with one-stride formulation. The pregnant woman’s model with 55 degrees of freedom (DOFs) is used, including 6 global DOF’s and 49 human body DOF’s. The dynamic equations of motion are based on the recursive dynamics. Without the constraint of symmetry of the human body between two steps within one walking cycle, the study is based on bio-mechanical, human kinematic, and dynamic properties to perform the one-stride simulation, which represent the holonomic and non-holonomic constraints in walking simulation. This forms a nonlinear optimization problem. The summation of all joint actuator torques squared within one stride is the cost function. Nine determinant DOF’s are used to analyze the kinematics and three for dynamics. Three cases (non-pregnancy, 6 month, and 9 month pregnancy) are adopted for the test and investigation. The simulation results show that during the course of pregnancy, pregnant women’s bodies dynamic and kinematic properties change and thus affect their walking and stability.
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Zou, Qiuling, and Jingzhou James Yang. "Pseudo Standing, Forward Falling, and Pulling Simulation for Pregnant Women." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48654.

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This paper presents an optimization-based dynamic simulation for pregnant women pseudo standing, forward falling, and pulling tasks. Based on anatomy of pregnant women a digital pregnant woman model is developed. The model has 55 degrees of freedom (DOFs) including 6 global DOFs and 49 body DOFs. Recursive dynamic algorithm is used to formulate the equations of motion. Human motion can be formulated as a non-linear optimization problem. Control points of B-spline curves that represent joint angle profiles are design variables. The joint angles, angular velocities and angular accelerations, will be obtained from the control points. The summation of all joint actuator torque square acts as the objective function. Besides some common constraints, different constraints are adopted for standing, falling, and pulling, respectively. Three cases, non-pregnancy, 6-month, and 9-month pregnancy, are investigated. For the pulling task, 2N, 100N or 200N external load is applied as the pulling force. Determinant joints (hip, knee and ankle) are plotted to analyze the simulation results. The simulation results show the effects of pregnancy on human movement kinematics and dynamics. The average computational time for each case is close to 3.5 minutes in a Dell computer with 3.25 GB of RAM and 3.16 GHz.
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Anikina, Varvara O., Svetlana S. Savenysheva, and Mariia E. Blokh. "ANXIETY, DEPRESSION OF PREGNANT WOMEN DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: ARTICLE REVIEW." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact016.

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"The article is the review of the available research papers on anxiety, depression, stress and signs of PTSD in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Articles were searched in the databases of Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, APA using the keywords ""pregnancy"", ""COVID-19"", ""anxiety"","" depression"","" stress"","" PTSD"". For this article review we selected only those research studies that have comparatively large samples, with the most widely used measures: State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), and Impact of a Traumatic Event Scale (IES-R). In these studies levels of anxiety, depression and PTSD are either compared to the existing cut-off scores for these disorders in the literature or in COVID-19 and pre-COVID cohorts of pregnant women. Some papers include not only women during pregnancy but also postpartum. Data here are presented only on pregnancy. The results show that 22% to 68% of pregnant women experience moderate to severe anxiety, and it is two to five times more than the prevalence of anxiety in the literature. The state anxiety has increased more compared to trait anxiety. 14.9%-34.2% of women report on clinically significant levels of depression, and it is twice higher than the pre-existing data. About 10.3% of pregnant population have PTSD signs which falls into a moderate range. The levels of anxiety, depression and PTSD are significantly higher in COVID-19 cohorts than in pre-COVID samples. The most predicting factor for anxiety, depression and PTSD is the pre-existing mental health disorder of anxiety or depression."
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L Kempster, Catherine, and Rasika S. Jayasekara. "The effects of diet and exercise programs for overweight or obese women during pregnancy." In 1st Annual Worldwide Nursing Conference (WNC 2013). Global Science and Technology Forum Pte Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2315-4330_wnc13.41.

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Lecander, I., and B. Åstedt. "OCCURRENCE OF PAI-2 IN MEN AND NON-PREGNANT WOMEN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644458.

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PAI-2 is a specific plasminogen activator inhibitor most likely produced in the trophoblasts of placenta but presumably also in certain macrophages. It occurs in two molecular froms of 48 and 60 kDa. From placenta homogenates mainly the LMW-form can be isolated. During pregnancy mainly the HMW-form increases in the blood and disappears after delivery.We examined blood samples from 120 male blood donors (females excluded to avoid unknown pregnancies) and 20 staff members, 4 males and 16 females for the presence of PAI-2.PAI-2 antigen levels were measured with a sandwich ELISA using a polyclonal and a monoclonal antibody. The concentration was given in per cent of that in pooled term plasma.PAI-2 antigen was detected in 5 of the blood donors 9, 12, 22, 31 and 60 %. In one male staff member the antigen concentration was 9 % and in one female 72 %. Repeated analyzes of this last member for six months resulted in values between 30-90 %. Immunoblotting using a monoclonal antibody against PAI-2 showed a HMW-band of about 80 kDa.
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Reports on the topic "Pregnant women Pregnancy Exercise for pregnant women"

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Viswanathan, Meera, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Alison Stuebe, Nancy Berkman, Alison N. Goulding, Skyler McLaurin-Jiang, Andrea B. Dotson, et al. Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer236.

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Background. Untreated maternal mental health disorders can have devastating sequelae for the mother and child. For women who are currently or planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding, a critical question is whether the benefits of treating psychiatric illness with pharmacologic interventions outweigh the harms for mother and child. Methods. We conducted a systematic review to assess the benefits and harms of pharmacologic interventions compared with placebo, no treatment, or other pharmacologic interventions for pregnant and postpartum women with mental health disorders. We searched four databases and other sources for evidence available from inception through June 5, 2020 and surveilled the literature through March 2, 2021; dually screened the results; and analyzed eligible studies. We included studies of pregnant, postpartum, or reproductive-age women with a new or preexisting diagnosis of a mental health disorder treated with pharmacotherapy; we excluded psychotherapy. Eligible comparators included women with the disorder but no pharmacotherapy or women who discontinued the pharmacotherapy before pregnancy. Results. A total of 164 studies (168 articles) met eligibility criteria. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period probably improves depressive symptoms at 30 days (least square mean difference in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, -2.6; p=0.02; N=209) when compared with placebo. Sertraline for postpartum depression may improve response (calculated relative risk [RR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 5.24; N=36), remission (calculated RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 6.70; N=36), and depressive symptoms (p-values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05) when compared with placebo. Discontinuing use of mood stabilizers during pregnancy may increase recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2; N=89) and reduce time to recurrence of mood disorders (2 vs. 28 weeks, AHR, 12.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 91; N=26) for bipolar disorder when compared with continued use. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence, leading to dose interruption or reduction when compared with placebo (5% vs. 0%). More than 95 percent of studies reporting on harms were observational in design and unable to fully account for confounding. These studies suggested some associations between benzodiazepine exposure before conception and ectopic pregnancy; between specific antidepressants during pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, and spontaneous abortion, and child outcomes such as respiratory issues, low Apgar scores, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, depression in children, and autism spectrum disorder; between quetiapine or olanzapine and gestational diabetes; and between benzodiazepine and neonatal intensive care admissions. Causality cannot be inferred from these studies. We found insufficient evidence on benefits and harms from comparative effectiveness studies, with one exception: one study suggested a higher risk of overall congenital anomalies (adjusted RR [ARR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.78; N=2,608) and cardiac anomalies (ARR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17 to 4.34; N=2,608) for lithium compared with lamotrigine during first- trimester exposure. Conclusions. Few studies have been conducted in pregnant and postpartum women on the benefits of pharmacotherapy; many studies report on harms but are of low quality. The limited evidence available is consistent with some benefit, and some studies suggested increased adverse events. However, because these studies could not rule out underlying disease severity as the cause of the association, the causal link between the exposure and adverse events is unclear. Patients and clinicians need to make an informed, collaborative decision on treatment choices.
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Gidengil, Courtney, Matthew Bidwell Goetz, Margaret Maglione, Sydne J. Newberry, Peggy Chen, Kelsey O’Hollaren, Nabeel Qureshi, et al. Safety of Vaccines Used for Routine Immunization in the United States: An Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer244.

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Objective. To conduct a systematic review of the literature on the safety of vaccines recommended for routine immunization in the United States, updating the 2014 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) report on the topic. Data sources. We searched MEDLINE®, Embase®, CINAHL®, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Scopus through November 9, 2020, building on the prior 2014 report; reviewed existing reviews, trial registries, and supplemental material submitted to AHRQ; and consulted with experts. Review methods. This report addressed three Key Questions (KQs) on the safety of vaccines currently in use in the United States and included in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) recommended immunization schedules for adults (KQ1), children and adolescents (KQ2), and pregnant women (KQ3). The systematic review was supported by a Technical Expert Panel that identified key adverse events of particular concern. Two reviewers independently screened publications; data were extracted by an experienced subject matter expert. Studies of vaccines that used a comparator and reported the presence or absence of adverse events were eligible. We documented observed rates and assessed the relative risks for key adverse events. We assessed the strength of evidence (SoE) across the existing findings from the prior 2014 report and the new evidence from this update. The systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020180089). Results. A large body of evidence is available to evaluate adverse events following vaccination. Of 56,608 reviewed citations, 189 studies met inclusion criteria for this update, adding to data in the prior 2014 report, for a total of 338 included studies reported in 518 publications. Regarding vaccines recommended for adults (KQ1), we found either no new evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE or insufficient evidence in this update, including for newer vaccines such as recombinant influenza vaccine, adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine, and recombinant adjuvanted zoster vaccine. The prior 2014 report noted a signal for anaphylaxis for hepatitis B vaccines in adults with yeast allergy and for tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines. Regarding vaccines recommended for children and adolescents (KQ2), we found either no new evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE or insufficient evidence, including for newer vaccines such as 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine and meningococcal B vaccine. The prior 2014 report noted signals for rare adverse events—such as anaphylaxis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and febrile seizures—with some childhood vaccines. Regarding vaccines recommended for pregnant women (KQ3), we found no evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE among either pregnant women or their infants following administration of tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines during pregnancy. Conclusion. Across this large body of research, we found no new evidence of increased risk since the prior 2014 report for key adverse events following administration of vaccines that are routinely recommended. Signals from the prior report remain unchanged for rare adverse events, which include anaphylaxis in adults and children, and febrile seizures and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. There is no evidence of increased risk of adverse events for vaccines currently recommended in pregnant women. There remains insufficient evidence to draw conclusions about some rare potential adverse events.
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Moderate exercise does not increase risk of preterm birth in healthy pregnant women. National Institute for Health Research, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/signal-000305.

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Taking maternal services to pregnant women: The community midwifery model. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1011.

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Evidence from a number of studies globally has shown a reduction in maternal and perinatal mortality when women have a skilled attendant present at birth. In Kenya, a skilled attendant assists at only 42 percent of births. In Central Province, over 70 percent deliver with a skilled attendant compared to 28 percent in Western Province. Results from one district in Western Province where midwives were given the necessary equipment and support to assist women during birth at home, showed a significant increase in home births attended by skilled health workers between 2001 and 2003 and a similar decrease in utilization of traditional birth attendants. As noted in this brief, this an indication that skilled attendance in the community is possible and a good alternative for women who are unable to reach a health facility. Building on these results, a Community Midwifery Model was developed that focuses on empowering midwives living in the community to assist women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period in their homes, manage minor complications, and facilitate referral when necessary and transfer to the hospital.
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Diet diversity among pregnant women and young children—Insights for improving malaria, family planning, and maternal and child health outcomes in northwestern Nigeria through social and behavior change programming. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh15.1085.

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This research brief provides rigorous, evidence-based insights to policy-makers, implementers, and researchers of social and behavior change (SBC) programs on maternal and child nutrition during the 1,000-day period between a woman’s pregnancy and her child’s second birthday. It is one of a series of briefs presenting findings from a Breakthrough RESEARCH study that uniquely captures data on a wide range of psychosocial drivers of behavioral outcomes in family planning, malaria, and maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition (MNCH+N) in the three northwestern states of Nigeria.
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