Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Préhenseur'
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Couturier, Pierre. "Commande par réseaux de neurones : application au contrôle d'un préhenseur électropneumatique." Lyon, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAL0071.
Full textThis work addresses the adaptive control of nonlinear and nonstationary systems based on neural networks. An application to the control of an electro-pneumatic gripper is presented. In a first part the characteristics of direct or indirect control schemes are described. The synthesis of a direct control scheme using "Feedback Error Learning" is extensively studied. Properties and limitations of such an approach are discussed and illustrated in simulations. The computation of feedback networks for identification and control tasks is then examined. At this end, the interest of representing neural blacks under a canonical form is emphasized. The computation method is described in details in the case of the synthesis of an indirect control scheme using the "Specialized Learning" approach. Then, we propose a general control scheme that can involve bath the previous learning approaches. Applications of such a scheme for on line control design are discussed. In a second part, several applications of neural networks in Robotics, for grasping control tasks, are presented. The general control scheme is then used in order to control the position of an electro pneumatic gripper designed with metal bellows. Different on line control strategies are examined. Advantage is taken of the flexibility of the proposed control scheme so as to take into account the physical constraints such as saturation or non-symmetrical dynamical behavior when opening and when closing the device
Côté, Marianne. "Développement d'algorithmes d'estimation de la pose d'objets saisis par un préhenseur robotique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26802.
Full textGarnier, Francis. "Etude et conception d'un préhenseur pneumatique à sens tactile multidirectionnel et commande proportionnelle intégrée." Toulouse, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAT0041.
Full textBaril, Mathieu. "Conception d'un préhenseur sous-actionné pour les prothèses de membre supérieur et analyse de stabilité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28932/28932.pdf.
Full textBégoc, Vincent. "Etude et conception d'un préhenseur versatile sous-actionné : application dans la préparation de commandes de détail." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20035.
Full textGuillot, Hélène. "Saisie automatique optimisée d'objets définis par un système de vision artificielle bidimensionnelle avec un préhenseur tridigital isostatique." Poitiers, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989POIT2299.
Full textLévesque, François, and François Lévesque. "Prise autonome d'objets divers avec un robot sériel industriel, un préhenseur sous-actionné et une caméra 3D." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27388.
Full textLongtemps confinée à l'industrie de fabrication en série, la robotique est en train de se démocratiser et fait ses débuts dans des domaines non traditionnels comme les secteurs alimentaire et logistique. Dans ce contexte, une tâche faisant l'objet de recherches et concours est l'automatisation de l'emballage de colis dans de grands entrepôts contenant plusieurs centaines de milliers d'objets différents. Les travaux entrepris dans le cadre de ce mémoire constituent un premier pas vers l'atteinte de cet objectif : la prise et le dépôt par un robot autonome d'une grande variété d'objets de la vie courante sans connaissance préalable de ces derniers (modèle 3D complet, etc.). Pour réaliser ce projet, un robot sériel, une pince sous-actionnée et un système de vision 3D ont été utilisés. Deux techniques de prise d'objets furent développées pour arriver à agripper un maximum d'objets. La première est une prise par le dessus. Le point de prise utilisé y est choisi en fonction de la largeur de l'objet au point de prise, des chances de collisions avec les obstacles environnants et de la robustesse de l'équilibre statique anticipé de la prise. Pour attraper les objets trop larges ou minces pour être pris par le dessus (comme un livre), une technique de prise en pelletage fut développée. Cette dernière tire avantage du sous-actionnement de la pince utilisée pour glisser un doigt sous l'objet puis le prendre en pincée. Un mouvement analogue est celui d'un humain prenant une feuille sur un plancher. Pour tester ces techniques, une batterie de 800 essais de prise sur 80 objets différents fut effectuée. Un taux de succès de 84 % fut obtenu, démontrant que le système forme une bonne base pour l'avenir.
Barkat, Belkacem. "Contribution à l'optimisation des configurations de prise et de la fonction préhension en robotique, application à un préhenseur tridigital configurable modulaire." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2352.
Full textYe, Ning. "Contribution à la préhension robotisée pour la saisie d'objets fragiles et-ou fortement déformables : Modélisation et commande d'un préhenseur électropneumatique instrumenté." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0004.
Full textThis work is related to the conception, the modelliing and the control of an adaptive gripper with sensors of position and of force, and with a new pneumatic serve actuator using a metallic bellows cylinder driven by two pulse width modulate (PWM) solenoid valves. The objectives of this work are: - to validate the innovation of a serve actuator using a bellows cylinder. - to establish a set of models for the PWM solenoid valve and for the serve actuator. - to develop a control strategy for the gripper to minimise the impact at the contact instant and to adapt to objects with different rigidities. In the first chapter, we review the robot hands and analyse the strategy decision and the control in the grasping object process. The structure and the functional principle of the gripper are presented in the second chapter. The study of the contact force between the gripper and the object grasped is treated in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is consecrated to the 'study of the PMW solenoid valve for electropneumatic servomechanisms. The modelling of the gripper and the control strategy are developed in the fifth chapter. The experimental results of grasping different fragile and/or deformable objects are exposed in the sixth chapter
Caldas, Alex. "Contribution à la manipulation dextre : prise en compte d'incertitudes de modèle et de saisie dans la commande." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066069/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with grasping and dexterous manipulation with multifingered hands, with the robustness to uncertain environments as a common denominator.The first contribution of the present work is a new measure of the grasp quality, which is used to evaluate the stability of a grasp. In the footsteps of the most known methods which consist in determining the reachable wrench space, our measure aims to evaluate this space whatever the uncertainty which affects the gripper/object system. This new space is called Reachable Wrench Space under Uncertainty (RWSU). Two algorithms are proposed to find respectively an upper and a lower bound of the RWSU.The second contribution concerns the application of robust control algorithms for dexterous manipulation. The first control method is composed of as a state-space feedback, which enables a manipulation task, and of an additional dynamic action, allowing to respect the grasp constraints. The state-space feedback is designed for a robust regional pole placement by the resolution of an optimization problem under LMI constraints. The LMI constraints define the dynamic response of the system in closed loop, and ensure the robustness with respect to model uncertainties. A second control method, based on eigenstructure assignment, is proposed to improve the trajectory tracking for the MIMO system. The eigenstructure assignment decouples the movement of the task from the disturbing movements resulting from the dynamic coupling between the axes
Boudreault, Éric. "Conception de préhenseurs sous-actionnés avec articulations déformables." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23690/23690.pdf.
Full textBaldas, Lucien. "Étude et modélisation des éjecteurs supersoniques dans les préhenseurs à attraction pneumatique." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT147H.
Full textRabenorosoa, Kanty. "Assemblage de microsystèmes 3D reconfigurables par contrôle en force : application aux MOEMS hybrides." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00560186.
Full textBabin, Vincent. "Conception, analyse et optimisation de méthodes de préhension et de mains mécaniques épicycloïdales pour la prise d'objets plats partiellement contraints." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66289.
Full textMost robotic grippers excel at completing one task but are ill suited for completing many and very different tasks. It is with this fact in mind that this thesis proposes general solutions to the grasping problem. First, general methods are proposed that aim at picking small flat objects that could not otherwise be grasped by simple mechanical grippers. Planetary mechanisms are then proposed to increase the range of motion of the finger joints, hence providing a way to achieve the necessary properties to build and test a finger capable of grasping small flat objects lying on hard surfaces. A complete gripper design is then proposed and built. The novel design that includes the features of the previous design is also capable of performing parallel grasps which are considered essential to be able to grasp a wide range of unknown objects. Finally, the gripper design is optimised and sensing apparatus is included in the gripper to provide a gripper that is considered a complete solution to grasping and is simple to use on a wide range of robots.
Pham, Hoang Lan. "Commande de robots manipulateurs dans l'espace des quaternions duaux." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066426.
Full textThis thesis is incorporated within the framework of the ANR ASSIST project. The aim of this project is to develop a two-arm manipulator robot to assist quadriplegic individuals in their daily lives. We are particularly interested in the arm control to perform manipulation tasks. In this context, a task consists of many steps: approaching the object, grasping, handling with one or both arms (opening a jar, for example), transferring to a human, dropping off, etc. Each stage requires a control system either in one of the following modes : position, force, vision, or in multiple modes at the same time. A control structure that can easily switch from one mode to another is necessary. In addition, the use of a hand for the manipulation instead of a simple gripper, requires a particular configuration of the hand to be set, depending on the shape of the object, and hence not only the position but also its orientation must be controlled. Different representations of the position and orientation of the end-effector of a manipulator in space were studied. Following this analysis, we developed a new control structure based on dual quaternions for simultaneously controlling the position and orientation of the end-effector. This solution is proposed in kinematic, dynamic and also vision-based control. Simulations and experiments on different robots allowed to validate these methods
Gariépy, Alexandre, and Alexandre Gariépy. "Robust parallel-gripper grasp getection using convolutional neural networks." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37993.
Full textLa saisie d’objet est une tâche fondamentale du domaine de la robotique. Des avancées dans ce domaine sont nécessaires au déploiement de robots domestiques ou pour l’automatisation des entrepôts par exemple. Par contre, seulement quelques approches sont capables d’effectuer la détection de points de saisie en temps réel. Dans cet optique, nous présentons une architecture de réseau de neurones à une seule passe nommée Réseau à Transformation Spatiale de Qualité de Saisie, ou encore Grasp Quality Spatial Transformer Network (GQ-STN) en anglais. Se basant sur le Spatial Transformer Network (STN), notre réseau produit non seulement une configuration de saisie mais il produit également une image de profondeur centrée sur cette configuration. Nous connectons notre architecture à un réseau pré-entraîné qui évalue une métrique de robustesse de saisie. Ainsi, nous pouvons entraîner efficacement notre réseau à satisfaire cette métrique de robustesse en utilisant la propagation arrière du gradient provenant du réseau d’évaluation. De plus, ceci nous permet de facilement entraîner le réseau sur des jeux de données contenant peu d’annotations, ce qui est un problème commun en saisie d’objet. Nous proposons également d’utiliser le réseau d’évaluation de robustesse pour comparer différentes approches, ce qui est plus fiable que la métrique d’évaluation par rectangle, la métrique traditionnelle. Notre GQ-STN est capable de détecter des configurations de saisie robustes sur des images de profondeur de jeu de données Dex-Net 2.0 à une précision de 92.4 % en une seule passe du réseau. Finalement, nous démontrons dans une expérience sur un montage physique que notre méthode peut proposer des configurations de saisie robustes plus souvent que les techniques précédentes par échantillonage aléatoire, tout en étant plus de 60 fois plus rapide.
Grasping is a fundamental robotic task needed for the deployment of household robots or furthering warehouse automation. However, few approaches are able to perform grasp detection in real time (frame rate). To this effect, we present Grasp Quality Spatial Transformer Network (GQ-STN), a one-shot grasp detection network. Being based on the Spatial Transformer Network (STN), it produces not only a grasp configuration, but also directly outputs a depth image centered at this configuration. By connecting our architecture to an externally-trained grasp robustness evaluation network, we can train efficiently to satisfy a robustness metric via the backpropagation of the gradient emanating from the evaluation network. This removes the difficulty of training detection networks on sparsely annotated databases, a common issue in grasping. We further propose to use this robustness classifier to compare approaches, being more reliable than the traditional rectangle metric. Our GQ-STN is able to detect robust grasps on the depth images of the Dex-Net 2.0 dataset with 92.4 % accuracy in a single pass of the network. We finally demonstrate in a physical benchmark that our method can propose robust grasps more often than previous sampling-based methods, while being more than 60 times faster.
Grasping is a fundamental robotic task needed for the deployment of household robots or furthering warehouse automation. However, few approaches are able to perform grasp detection in real time (frame rate). To this effect, we present Grasp Quality Spatial Transformer Network (GQ-STN), a one-shot grasp detection network. Being based on the Spatial Transformer Network (STN), it produces not only a grasp configuration, but also directly outputs a depth image centered at this configuration. By connecting our architecture to an externally-trained grasp robustness evaluation network, we can train efficiently to satisfy a robustness metric via the backpropagation of the gradient emanating from the evaluation network. This removes the difficulty of training detection networks on sparsely annotated databases, a common issue in grasping. We further propose to use this robustness classifier to compare approaches, being more reliable than the traditional rectangle metric. Our GQ-STN is able to detect robust grasps on the depth images of the Dex-Net 2.0 dataset with 92.4 % accuracy in a single pass of the network. We finally demonstrate in a physical benchmark that our method can propose robust grasps more often than previous sampling-based methods, while being more than 60 times faster.
Prieur, Urbain. "High-level planning of dexterous in-hand manipulation using a robotic hand." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066788.
Full textJusqu’ici, les solutions apportées à la problématique de manipulation dextre robotique par une main anthropomorphe se concentraient sur la planification bas niveau des différents types de mouvements fins. Aussi, une solution complète de planification, prenant en compte l’étendue de ces différentes actions, reste à développer. Tel est le fondement de ce travail : pour une tache définie, caractérisée par des configurations initiale et finale, une séquence de configurations intermédiaires est générée : la totalité de l’activité complexe se trouve donc décomposée en une succession de transitions simples à planifier par le bas niveau. Afin de générer cette séquence, influencée par l’objet et la configuration finale, on utilise un processus de décision markovien (MDP). Les configurations intermédiaires sont représentées par des types de saisies tirés d’une taxonomie existante, les transitions sont formulées par des probabilités de succès : si ces approximations assurent la rapidité de l’algorithme, elles requièrent du bas niveau la planification des configurations complètes et le détail des transitions. En cas d’impossibilité d’exécution, des séquences alternatives peuvent être proposées. Le MDP doit connaître les capacités du robot à réaliser les transitions, par auto-apprentissage, ou par observation de mouvements humains. Nous utilisons un processus d’apprentissage actif initialisé par une estimation empirique des probabilités de succès des transitions. La solution a été implémentée avec succès sur un robot réel, prenant un rôle central dans la commande de la manipulation fine, jusqu'à propager l’influence de la tâche sur la saisie initiale
Grasa, Soler Pedro Luis. "La préhension de pièces mécaniques : intégration dans un îlot automatisé de production." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10180.
Full textAllen, Demers Louis-Alexis. "Synthèse, optimisation et prototypage d'une main robotique sous-actionnée à cinq doigts." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28357/28357.pdf.
Full textThis thesis presents the doctoral research in Mechanical Engineering of Louis-Alexis Allen Demers completed at the Laboratoire de robotique of Université Laval under the supervision of Prof. Clément Gosselin. This project covers the synthesis, optimization and prototyping of a five-finger robotic hand. The principles of mechanical underactuation are used to develop a robotic hand that has grasping capabilities similar to that of the human hand, while limiting the number of actuators required to control it. This hand has dimensions similar to those of the human hand in order to be functional in an environment designed for humans. In addition, an adaptation of the hand grip is possible, either by changing the grasping force or by varying the position of the fingers and thumb. A static analysis of an underactuated finger is first performed. In particular, the conditions for achieving stable grasp in which all contact forces are positive are obtained. Thus, the optimal values for the dimensions of the pulleys as a function of the lengths of the phalanges and the primary force distributions established are determined. Using these two complementary distributions effectively, the ejection of the object to be grasped by a finger with three phalanges and two tendon networks is avoided. Then, the general problem of positioning an axis of rotation to obtain initial and final prescribed poses is solved. This geometric analysis allows to design a system of rotation of the thumb in order to obtain the various typical configurations of the human hand. A system of abduction of the fingers, first completely planar, than a hybrid planar-spherical mechanism is then coupled with this mechanism. These architectures are analyzed in order to ensure that they can provide the prescribed abduction amplitudes and that the coordination error between the metacarpals is minimized. Finally, the various mechanisms designed in this thesis are built, in addition to a prototype of a wrist and the mechanism of underactuation between the fingers. The prototype hand integrating all these parts is ultimately used to grasp different types of objects.
Clot, Robert. "Coopération robot - préhension - vision pour la manipulation des pièces souples : application à l'industrie du cuir." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0026.
Full textAutomation gradually supersedes conventional manual Processing in footwear and apparel manufacture. Automated handing of pieces corresponds to an increasing need. These pieces are flat, supple, porous and thin. At the present time, the supply of systems able to fulfill efficiently these requirements remains too limited. When handling is to be coupled with press cutting, the manipulation is closely linked to the study of a vision system. The pieces should be localised and identified, in order to determine the positionning and configuration of the prehension head. The vision, recognition, prehension and sorting system developped corresponds to these requirements. The main innovation concerns sorting, prehension and the interaction vision/prehension. The choice of the identification parameters has been adapted to the leather pieces constituting shoe uppers. The prehension head required an important developpement work : the matrix concept has been devel opped and led to three applications. In an experimental configuration, the pieces are picked up from a conveyor belt ; this pilot has demonstrated that the vision and the recognition systems are both satisfactory
Mercier, Jean-Philippe. "Deep learning for object detection in robotic grasping contexts." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69801.
Full textIn the last decade, deep convolutional neural networks became a standard for computer vision applications. As opposed to classical methods which are based on rules and hand-designed features, neural networks are optimized and learned directly from a set of labeled training data specific for a given task. In practice, both obtaining sufficient labeled training data and interpreting network outputs can be problematic. Additionnally, a neural network has to be retrained for new tasks or new sets of objects. Overall, while they perform really well, deployment of deep neural network approaches can be challenging. In this thesis, we propose strategies aiming at solving or getting around these limitations for object detection. First, we propose a cascade approach in which a neural network is used as a prefilter to a template matching approach, allowing an increased performance while keeping the interpretability of the matching method. Secondly, we propose another cascade approach in which a weakly-supervised network generates object-specific heatmaps that can be used to infer their position in an image. This approach simplifies the training process and decreases the number of required training images to get state-of-the-art performances. Finally, we propose a neural network architecture and a training procedure allowing detection of objects that were not seen during training, thus removing the need to retrain networks for new objects.
Kiss, Bálint. "Planification de trajectoires et commande d'une classe de systèmes mécaniques plats et liouvilliens." Paris, ENMP, 2001. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00838938.
Full textCherrid, Hadia. "Commande et observateur par modes glissants d'ordre un et deux : application aux systèmes robotisés." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001VERS0033.
Full textIn the control of robotics systems, in order to synthesize control laws, all system state is necessary. Nevertheless, generally, only positions are measured. Their times derivatives are often either not available or contained noise. Therefore, it becomes essential to study and use observers for the control law. As for nonlinear systems, the separation principle is not applicable. We are interested by synthesizing the control and also the observer. Witch will guarantee the stability of the system as well as good performances. We have focused our work on the control of robot manipulators with electric and pneumatic actuators. We have chosen sliding mode technique in order to ensure robustness of the system regarding parameter uncertainties. We have introduced an additional adaptive law to make an enhancement : completely free oneself from the structure of the model. This guaranties an excellent robustness regarding structural errors. At last, to overcome the problem of chattering control in the two precedent schemes, we have introduced the second order in sliding mode to synthesize the controller and observer, in the case of variable systems. The thesis includes a recapitulative and comparative table, to choose the controller and observer strategies for a most number of lagrange’s systems. For each proposed control and observer schemes, we have presented simulation and experimental results which validate the theoretical study
Michalec, Romain. "Modélisation et contrôle de la manipulation dextre multidigitale pour les mains robotisées humanoïdes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825438.
Full textChalon, Maxime. "Modélisation et contrôle d'une main anthropomorphe actionnée par des tendons antagonistes." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00957755.
Full textMnyusiwalla, Hussein. "Qualité de prise dans le contexte de la planification de mouvements de préhension et de manipulation dextre en robotique." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2271/document.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis concerns object grasping with dexterous robotic hands. In this work, we are going to focus on the grasp synthesis problem by taking into account the in-hand manipulation task. The initial grasp has a capital role for the successful completion of a given task.In order to develop algorithms which are able to generate automatically correct grasps for a manipulation task, we need to define suitable grasp quality metrics to assess the validity of a grasp. Throughout the years, a large variety of quality measures have been proposed in the literature and researchers keep on developing new ones. However those quality measures are generally developed for simple grippers and for grasping tasks. In this thesis, we will extend the study of selected interesting grasp quality measures for in-hand manipulation tasks. These quality measures will be evaluated on a four finger robotic hand with sixteen fully actuated degrees of freedom.We will assess the chosen quality measures for in-hand manipulation tasks with three different carefully selected type of objects. The quality metrics are classified in two groups, first one focuses exclusively on the location of contact points and the second one considers the kinematics of the robotic hand. The review of these quality measures led us to select the ones meaningful for solving the grasp synthesis problem for in-hand manipulation. The grasping pipeline implemented to generate the correct grasps is based on an evolutionary approach using a mix of the selected quality measures. The proposed approach was tested in the OpenRAVE robotic simulator and also validated experimentally with the new RoBioSS hand
Nguyen, Thanh Hung. "Conception et commande d’un système multi-actionneurs piézo-électriques pour l’assistance au forgeage par vibrations." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0007/document.
Full textThe superimposition of vibration during forging is known to reduce force and improve the mechanical properties of the workpiece. Until now, ultrasonic frequencies were used, but more recent results have shown that more complex vibrations at low frequencies had similar effects, with less power. Although piezoelectric actuator can generate high forces and have large rigidity, they are still limited with regards to the necessary forces during forging.Therefore, this work addresses the design of a worktool combining several actuators to generate complex vibration waveforms consisting in rotations in the plane of the die and displacement along the vertical direction. It relies on the use of flexible hinges due to the small displacement generated by the actuators. The design and control of the system is realized using a systemic approach based on the Energetic Macroscopic Representation. Thank to this tool, the control is systematically deduced by inversion. The design and its control strategy is validated experimentally on a mock-up specially realized during this work
Mainprice, Jim. "Planification de mouvement pour la manipulation d'objets sous contraintes d'interaction homme-robot." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782708.
Full textMaddah, Mohammad Reza. "3D visualization and interactive image manipulation for surgical planning in robot-assisted surgery." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IMTA0079/document.
Full textRobot-assisted surgery, or “robotic”surgery, has been developed to address thedifficulties with the traditional laparoscopicsurgery. The da Vinci (Intuitive Surgical, CA andUSA) is one of the FDA-approved surgical robotic system which is widely used in the case of abdominal surgeries like hysterectomy and cholecystectomy. The technology includes a system of master and slave tele-manipulators that enhances manipulation precision. However, inadequate guidelines and lack of a human machine interface system for planning the ports on the abdomen surface are some of the main issues with robotic surgery. Unreachable target and mid-surgery collisions between robotic arms are the major problems that surgeons complain about in robotic surgery. The objective of this research is to design a new decision-support tool for planning port placement in robotic surgery. The decision support system will be able to determine the optimal location of the entrance ports on the abdomen surface that is specific to the patient
Touvet, François. "Approche bioinspirée pour le contrôle des mains mécaniques." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00759971.
Full textPerez, Manuela. "Chirurgie robotique : de l'apprentissage à l'application." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0113/document.
Full textThe huge expansion of minimally invasive robotic devices for surgery ask the question of the training of this new technology. Progress of robotic-assisted surgical techniques allows today mini- invasive surgery to be more accurate, providing benefits to surgeons and patients for complex surgical procedures. But, it resulted from an increasing need for training and development of new pedagogical strategies. Indeed, the surgeon has to master the telemanipulator and the procedure, which is different from a simple transposition of a laparoscopic skill. The first part of this work treats about historical development of minimal invasive surgery from laparoscopy to robotic surgery. We also develop the evolution of training program in surgery. Virtual simulators provide efficient tools for laparoscopy training. The second part of this work, study some possible solutions for robotic training. We assess the validity of a new robotic virtual simulator (dV-Trainer). We demonstrate the usefulness of this tool for the acquisition of the basic gesture for robotic surgery. Then, we evaluate the impact of a previous experience in micro-surgery on robotic training. We propose a prospective study comparing the surgical performance of micro-surgeons to that of general surgeons on a robotic simulator. We want to determine if this experience in micro-surgery could significantly improve the abilities and surgeons performance in the field of basic gesture in robotic surgery. The last part of the study also looks to the future. Currently, telesurgery need sophisticated dedicated technical resources. We want to develop procedures for clinical routine used. Therefore, we evaluate the impact of the delay on the surgical procedure. Also, reducing data volume allow decreasing latency. An appropriate solution to reduce the amount of data could be found by introducing lossy compression for the transmission using the well-known MPEG-2 and H-264 standards
Zaidi, Lazher. "Modélisations et stratégie de prise pour la manipulation d'objets déformables." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22681/document.
Full textDexterous manipulation is an important issue in robotics research in which few works have tackled deformable object manipulation. New applications in surgery, food industry or in service robotics require mastering the grasping and manipulation of deformable objects. This thesis focuses on deformable object manipulation by anthropomorphic mechanical graspers such as multi-fingered articulated hands. This task requires a great expertise in mechanical modeling and control: interaction modeling, tactile and vision perception, force / position control of finger movements to ensure stable grasping. The work presented in this thesis focuses on modeling the grasping of deformable objects. To this end, we used a discretization by non-linear mass-spring systems to model deformable bodies in large displacements and deformations while having a low computational cost. To predict the interaction forces between robot hand and deformable object, we proposed an original approach based on a visco-elasto-plastic rheological model to evaluate tangential contact forces and describe the transition between the sticking and slipping modes. The contact forces are evaluated at nodes as function of the relative movements between the fingertips and the surface mesh facets of the manipulated object. Another contribution of this thesis is the use of this model in the planning of 3D deformable object manipulation tasks. This planning consists in determining the optimal configuration of the hand for grasping the objects as well as the paths to track and the efforts to be applied by the fingers to control the deformation of the object while ensuring the stability of the operation. The experimental validation of this work has been carried out on two robotic platforms: a Barrett hand embedded on a Adept S1700D ® manipulator and a Shadow hand embedded on a Kuka LWR4+® manipulator
Ramirez, Arias José Luis. "Development of an artificial muscle for a soft robotic hand prosthesis." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100190/document.
Full textIn the field of robotic hand prosthesis, the use of smart and soft materials is helpful in improving flexibility, usability, and adaptability of the robots, which simplify daily living activities of prosthesis users. However, regarding the smart materials for artificial muscles, technologies are considered to be far from implementation in anthropomorphic robotic hands. Therefore, the target of this thesis dissertation is to reduce the gap between smart material technologies and robotic hand prosthesis. Five central axes address the problem: i)identification of useful grasping gestures and reformulation of the robotic hand mechanism, ii) analysis of human muscle behavior to mimic human grasping capabilities, iii) modeling robot using the hybrid model DHKK-SRQ for the kinematics and the virtual works principle for dynamics, iv) definition of actuation requirements considering the synergy between prehension conditions and robot mechanism, and v) development of a smart material based actuation system.This topics are addressed in four chapters:1. Human hand movement analysis toward the hand prosthesis requirements2. Design and modeling of the soft robotic hand ProMain-I3. Mechatronic assessment of Prosthetic hand4. Development of an artificial muscle based on smart materials
Rubiano, Fonseca Astrid. "Smart control of a soft robotic hand prosthesis." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100189/document.
Full textThe target of this thesis disertation is to develop a new Smart control of a soft robotic hand prosthesis for the soft robotic hand prosthesis called ProMain Hand, which is characterized by:(i) flexible interaction with grasped object, (ii) and friendly-intuitive interaction between human and robot hand. Flexible interaction results from the synergies between rigid bodies and soft bodies, and actuation mechanism. The ProMain hand has three fingers, each one is equipped with three phalanges: proximal, medial and distal. The proximal and medial are built with rigid bodies,and the distal is fabricated using a deformable material. The soft distal phalange has a new smart force sensor, which was created with the aim to detect contact and force in the fingertip, facilitating the control of the hand. The friendly intuitive human-hand interaction is developed to facilitate the hand utilization. The human-hand interaction is driven by a controller that uses the superficial electromyographic signals measured in the forearm employing a wearable device. The wearable device called MyoArmband is placed around the forearm near the elbow joint. Based on the signals transmitted by the wearable device, the beginning of the movement is automatically detected, analyzing entropy behavior of the EMG signals through artificial intelligence. Then, three selected grasping gesture are recognized with the following methodology: (i) learning patients entropy patterns from electromyographic signals captured during the execution of selected grasping gesture, (ii) performing a support vector machine classifier, using raw entropy data extracted in real time from electromyographic signals
Qian, Yang. "Conception et Commande d’un Robot d’Assistance à la Personne." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECLI0005/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to design, model and control of a personal assistant robot used for domestic tasks. In order to make the robot’s design more efficient, a virtual simulation system is built using dynamic simulation software. The kinematic model is set up based on modified D-H principle. The dynamic model is built using the Lagrange theorem and elaborated in Matlab. We also employ an energy-based approach for modeling and its bond graph notation ensures encapsulation of functionality, extendibility and reusability of each element of the model. A hybrid algorithm of combining the Jacobian pseudoinverse algorithm with Rapidly-Exploring Random Tree method is presented for collision-free path planning of a redundant manipulator. An intelligent robust controller based on neural network is introduced for the coordinated control of a mobile manipulator. This method does not require an accurate model of the robot. Unknown dynamic parameters of the mobile platform and the manipulator are identified and compensated in closed-loop control using RBF neural network. A similar control algorithm is presented for coordinated force/motion control of a mobile manipulator suffering both holonomic and nonholonomic constraints. Kinematics and dynamics of a dexterous hand manipulating an object with known shape by rolling contacts are derived. A computed torque control algorithm is presented to ensure firm grip, avoid slippage and well track a given motion imposed to the object. The validation of models and different control laws were made by the co-simulation Matlab / virtual model
"Conception de préhenseurs sous-actionnés avec articulations déformables." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23690/23690.pdf.
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