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Academic literature on the topic 'Préhistoire – Amérique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Préhistoire – Amérique"
Langlais, Mathieu. "Vialou D., dir. (2011) – Peuplements et Préhistoire en Amériques." Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française 109, no. 3 (2012): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bspf.2012.14186.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Préhistoire – Amérique"
Carot, Patricia. "Le site de Loma Alta, lac de Zacapu, Michoacan (Mexique)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010738.
Full textIn the actual state of Michoacán, Mexico, is revealed a very highly developed cultural complexe, unknown until now, the loma alta complex, which apogee occurs during the protoclassic period (100 b. C. -a. D. 250). This complex is the achievement of the ancient tradition chupicuaro which characterizes the archeology of occident, but is also the point of departure of an iconographical tradition which characterizes the archeology of northern mesoamerica and the southwest of the united-states from the beginning of our era to the fifteen century. The site of reference, loma alta, was in reality, before the lake of zacapu was dried out in 1900, an island among a group of others, near its west bank. It was located at the center of this group at his highest point. Excavations prouved that many of those "lomas-islands" were used as secondary funerary centers. Very peculiar funerary practices were revealed for that period at loma alta : 1 - collective cremation of bones of sepultures already buried ; reduction in powder of the cremated bones, and introduction of this powder in urns deposited at the same place during the three centuries the loma was used for that purpose. 2 - The ritual breakage of the offerings which accompanied originally the sepultures and the use of their fragments as offerings. The iconographical analysis of the decoratdd ceramics of loma alta is at the center of this study. A corpus of forty motives or elements has been established, zoomorphics, anthropomorphics, mixed (anthropo-zoomorphics), geometrics
Gagné-Dumont, Geneviève. "L'Archaïque maritime à Blanc-Sablon : analyse technologique et comparative de sites côtiers." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34578.
Full textThe Maritime Archaic tradition as an archaeological manifestation is found innorth-eastern North America roughly between 8 000 and 3 200 BP. In the wake of Tuck’s work on Port au Choix site, this tradition quickly left its mark in the minds of archaeologists by its unusual material culture. Driven by morphotypological arguments, research on the matter mainly discussed cultural continuity and possible in situdevelopment of the tradition. However, the typological approach is of little help in comprehending less standardised toolkits which comprise most assemblages from Blanc-Sablon. Il this study, already-excavated collections from Blanc-Sablon were re-evaluated with a technological analysis approach. Applied to complete lithic assemblages, this methodological approach is perfectly suited for interpreting past technical processes. Revisiting archaeological collections using the technological approach gives a voice to lithic debris that is otherwise meaningless in cultural interpretation. Technological analysis allows the archaeologist to unfold past societies’ technical systems.This research resulted in the identification of knapping techniques and methods on selected Blanc-Sablon archaeological sites. Direct percussion using soft hammers is the most often used knapping technique, but pressure and direct percussion using hard hammers were also observed. Knapping methods are relatively straight-foward with bifacial knapping composing a considerable portion of produced tools. Raw material acquisition strategies for local quartzites, quartz and cherts were also identified. Finally, the technological analysis of lithic tools and debris provided new data for comprehending cultural groups of the Maritime Archaic tradition.
Morello, Flavia. "L'industrie lithique de part et d'autre du Détroit de Magellan, en Patagonie et Terre de Feu : dynamiques techno-culturelles du peuplement durant l'Holocène." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H017/document.
Full textThe study of the lithic industries of the peoples that inhabited Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego bas allowed the discussion of cultural dynamics, displayed by terrestrial and marine hunter-gatherers, at one or the other side of Magellan strait, during the Middle and Late Holocene. The techno-economic approach used to study the materials from Fell cave, Punta Santa Ana 3, Marazzi 1, Cabo Monmouth 20, Oosin Aike and Cabo San Vicente, was organized following two axis: first, objects of exotic raw materials that establish evidence of transport and interaction (obsidians); second, elaborated core reduction methods and débitage with predetennination (Levallois, Clactonian, blade, and discoid reduction), were the action modes can be related to complex processes of knowledge sharing and transmission. The observed discontinuity of green obsidian archaeological distribution between 4500 and 2500 years BP bas permitted considering the hypothesis of a north Patagonian immigration. The comparison of spatial and chronological distributions of Levallois core reduction methods, show interactions and contact between human groups. Likewise they display the existence of shared conceptions, as in an integrated, transmitted and generalized knowledge corpus for Fuego-Patagonia. These results have direct rapport with the key role of the first marine nomads since c. 7000 BP and the removal of the biogeographic barrier notion relative to the Magellan strait. Thus, worthy ofremark is the existence of a common cultural background and that differences in distribution would correspond to measurable changes regarding interaction intensity and adaptation to ecologic systems
Mesz, Lise. "Contribution à une redéfinition du « Formatif » péruvien : l’horizon Cupisnique-Chavín." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040206.
Full textEarly Peruvian civilisations were flourishing during the period called « Formative » between 2500 BC and the beginning of our era. The current knowledge of Formative and Cupisnique or Chavín cultures has been considerably influenced by evolutionist and diffusionist theories inherited from the nineteenth century. This research attempts to meet the necessity of realising an updated synthesis of this almost unknown period and to redefine the first cultural horizon usually called Chavín. On the one hand, this study proposes a chronological frame based on systematic revaluation of the chrono-cultural sequences of all the archaeological sites of this period. It sets out a chronology of the Formative cultures and determines the main cultural groups which characterise its different stages.On the other hand, this work offers an epistemological thought on Cupisnique and Chavín cultures. Chavín Horizon, traditionally defined as the result of the stylistic diffusion of Chavín de Huántar religious art is re-interpreted in the light of recent archaeological data collected in the main ceremonial centers. Finally, this dissertation makes clear the major role that Cupisnique sites and Chavín de Huántar temple have had in the creation and the development of shared religious concepts transcribed in a codified iconographic writing
Espinosa, Vazquez Maria Alejandra. "Les périodes Archaïque et Préclassique dans la Vallée de Oaxaca, Mexique, vues par une analyse comparative du matériel lithique taillé." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010703.
Full textArchaeological evidence from the Valley of Oaxaca has documented a continual sequence of occupation from at least the early Holocene (ca. 8000 BC). While the Valley of Oaxaca is one of the better-documented regions for the Archaic and Preclassic in southern Mexico, knowledge of these periods remains significantly incomplete. The development of plant domestication and sedentism during this time contributed to major changes in human life ways. The present research studies the transition from the Archaic to the Preclassic by characterizing chipped stone industries from both periods. I compare lithic collections from a preceramic rock shelter and from two preclassic hamlets using a technological approach and through a detailed study of the raw materials used during each period. The results allow definition of specifie modalities of exploitation of raw materials available in the valley and of contexts of stone tool production