Academic literature on the topic 'Premature birth/diagnosis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Premature birth/diagnosis"
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Said, Aboayesh, and Dimitrie Nanu. "Diagnosis and treatment in premature births." Romanian Medical Journal 62, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2015.3.17.
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Definition. Preterm birth means that birth occurs between 20 and 37 weeks of amenorrhea complete. (ACOG – July 2014) In Romania, the declaration of pregnancy is made starting with 24 weeks of gestation. Outstanding progresses in the recovery of newborns weighing less than 1,000 grams (the US and Japan recovered newborns weighing 500 g and less) allowed international forums reconsider criteria for definition of prematurity (see abortion classifications). For performant neonatal departments, the presence of signs of life (beating heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, muscle contracture to external stimuli) are sufficient to use resuscitation and recovering the product of conception.
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Mudrov, V. A., A. M. Ziganshin, A. G. Yashchuk, L. A. Dautova, and R. Sh Badranova. "Possibilities for diagnosis and prediction of preterm labor at the present stage." Kazan medical journal 102, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2021-47.
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Preterm birth is one of the main causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality, which does not tend to decrease in rate. The risk of death in premature babies is 2535 times higher than that of full-term babies, and stillbirths are registered 813 times more often than in timely delivery. To date, there are no effective ways to prevent preterm birth. Therefore, the timeliness of therapy, which largely determines the outcome of pregnancy in general, depends on the effectiveness of assessing the likelihood of their development. At the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Congress (2018), preterm birth is identified as a problem that has not yet been solved at the current stage of science and technology development. The result of the unsolved problems is a situation wherein the modern world over the past 60 years there has been no decrease in the premature birth rate, which is 9.5% of births and annually ends with the birth of 15,000,000 premature babies. The study aimed to research modern methods of diagnosis and prediction of spontaneous preterm birth. An analytical method was used in the study: a detailed systematic analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature on the diagnosis and prognosis of preterm birth. We used eLibrary, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library bibliographic databases (until August 2020). The article deals with the diagnosis and prediction of preterm birth probability, which will optimize the management of patients from the risk group and, in the future, will reduce the rate of perinatal morbidity and mortality of premature babies. Despite a significant number of researches devoted to the study of possibilities for diagnosing and predicting spontaneous preterm birth, currently, there are no methods with absolute diagnostic value. Most -existing studies indicate that when assessing the probability of preterm birth, a comprehensive approach should be preferred taking into account the results of several main and additional methods.
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Ciana, G., M. C. Fertz, V. Pecile, and S. Demarini. "Premature Birth with Complicated Perinatal Course Delaying Diagnosis of Prader-Willi Syndrome." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2011 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/981941.
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Prader-Willi syndrome in the newborn is essentially characterized by marked hypotonia, feeding difficulties, hypogonadism, and possible characteristic facial features. However, diagnosis at this age may be particularly difficult, and dysmorphic features may be subtle or absent. Prematurity can furthermore delay clinical features recognition and typical complications due to preterm birth may contribute to divert the diagnosis. We describe a preterm baby with a complicated perinatal course later diagnosed as PWS.
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Fatyhova, N. R., R. G. Gamirova, and L. E. Ziganshina. "Very premature babies and west’s syndrome." Kazan medical journal 95, no. 1 (February 15, 2014): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj1447.
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Aim. To compare the prevalence of West’s syndrome in very preterm babies and in babies with prematurity of 1-2 degrees. Methods. Both retrospective and prospective study including 241 preterm babies who received out-patient or in-patient aid for different neurological disorders. Inclusion criteria for the first group were diagnosis of a neurological disorder, gestational age less than 31 weeks and birth weight not exceeding 1500 grams. Inclusion criteria for the second group were diagnosis of a neurological disorder, gestational age of 32-37 weeks and birth weight ranging from 1501 to 2500 grams. Results. Severe central nervous system damage, including such conditions as spastic quadriplegia (126 out of 157 1 stgroup babies, 80.3%, and 40 out of 84 2 ndgroup babies, 47.6%, р 0.001), developmental delay of cognitive functions (123 out of 157 1 stgroup babies, 78.3%, and 40 out of 84 1 stgroup babies, 47.6%, р 0,001) were more common in the first group. West’s syndrome was diagnosed in 22 (14%) of cases in 1 stgroup, in 3 (3.6%) of cases in 2 ndgroup (HR=4.4, 95% CI [1.28; 15.16], χ 2=6.42, р=0.01). In 21 (95.5%) of West’s syndrome cases, modified hypsarrhythmia was diagnosed by video electroencephalogram monitoring. Severe cerebral hypoxia of higher degrees, periventricular leukomalacia and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum were more common in 1 stgroup babies. Conclusion. Our study showed that the prevalence of West’s syndrome in very premature infants with neurological disorders was 4.4 times higher compared to babies with prematurity of 1-2 degrees. There was an association between West’s syndrome in preterm babies and such cerebral disorders as severe cerebral hypoxia of 3 rddegree, periventricular leukomalacia and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum.
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Wyszynski, Diego F., Wendy J. Carman, Alan B. Cantor, John M. Graham, Liza H. Kunz, Anne M. Slavotinek, Russell S. Kirby, and John Seeger. "Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Women with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura." Journal of Pregnancy 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8297407.
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Objective. To examine pregnancy and birth outcomes among women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) or chronic ITP (cITP) diagnosed before or during pregnancy.Methods. A linkage of mothers and babies within a large US health insurance database that combines enrollment data, pharmacy claims, and medical claims was carried out to identify pregnancies in women with ITP or cITP. Outcomes included preterm birth, elective and spontaneous loss, and major congenital anomalies.Results. Results suggest that women diagnosed with ITP or cITP prior to their estimated date of conception may be at higher risk for stillbirth, fetal loss, and premature delivery. Among 446 pregnancies in women with ITP, 346 resulted in live births. Women with cITP experienced more adverse outcomes than those with a pregnancy-related diagnosis of ITP. Although 7.8% of all live births had major congenital anomalies, the majority were isolated heart defects. Among deliveries in women with cITP, 15.2% of live births were preterm.Conclusions. The results of this study provide further evidence that cause and duration of maternal ITP are important determinants of the outcomes of pregnancy.
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Zhuk, S., and O. Schurevska. "Threat of premature birth: psycho-social aspects." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 6(112) (July 29, 2016): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2016.112.86.
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The objective: to study the psychological characteristics of women’s status in one of the most common complications of pregnancy - the threat of termination of pregnancy, depending on the level of stress load. Patients and methods. We have studied the psychological status (the Holmes-Rahe level of psychosocial stress, the Spielberg-Hanin level of anxiety, V.I.Dobryakov’s related to a pregnancy test, diagnosis of psychological defense mechanisms, assessment of quality of life) 60 pregnant women with threat of premature birth in the third trimester of pregnancy. Surveyed women were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included 30 pregnant women – forced migrant of Donetsk and Lugansk area and 2 group – 30 pregnant women who resided in Kiev. Results. At the same clinical picture of the threat of premature birth we detected discrepancy between the subjective assessment of their condition in women – forced migrants: a high level of situational and personal anxiety, decrease in physical (physical functioning, role-physical functioning) and psychological (social functioning, role emotional functioning) health, doubtful and pathological subtypes of gestational dominant. This creates prerequisites for complications of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum future period and requires the participation of psychologists in the work with this category of patients. Conclusion. So, revealed a discrepancy between the objective clinical signs similar obstetric pathology (on the example of threatened abortion) in pregnant women with different levels of stress load and their subjective evaluation of their condition that affects their psychological status. This should be reflected in individually tailored therapy and be mainstreamed into the work of obstetricians and gynecologists with these patients, and requires mandatory participation of psychologists in the work with this category of patients. Key words: pregnancy, the threat of premature birth, stress, psychological status.
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Tayman, Cuneyt, Ufuk Cakır, Mehmet Buyuktiryaki, Utku Serkant, Serife Oğuz, and Halit Halil. "Serum Endocan Level as a Predictive Marker for Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Very Low Birth Weight İnfants." American Journal of Perinatology 34, no. 13 (May 22, 2017): 1312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603509.
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Background Diagnosis and treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants is still an important problem for clinicians. Echocardiography is the gold standard for determination of PDA based on clinical and hemodynamic significance. Clinical decision making may be aided by measuring circulating biomarkers such as natriuretic and endothelial propeptides. We aimed to investigate the significance of serum endocan and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the diagnosis and follow-up of hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) in very low birth weight infants. Materials and Methods In this study, 84 premature infants with gestation age less than 32 weeks were included. Forty-two premature infants with hsPDA were determined as the study group and 42 premature infants without PDA were assigned as the control group. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for serum endocan and pro-BNP levels. Results Serum levels of pro-BNP and endocan in the study group at the time of diagnosis of PDA were found to be significantly higher than the control group, and the levels decreased significantly after medication. Multivariate regression analysis showed that birth weight and the presence of PDA were significantly correlated with serum endocan levels. The cutoff values of pro-BNP and endocan for PDA prediction were 290 pg/mL and 506 ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion Endocan and pro-BNP assays have clinical importance in the diagnosis, initiation therapy, and follow response to therapy in very low birth weight infants with hsPDA.
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Bakalli, Ilirjana, Elmira Kola, Robert Lluka, Ermela Celaj, Durim Sala, Inva Gjeta, Sashenka Sallabanda, and Dea Klironomi. "Surgical congenital anomalies in Albania: incidence, prenatal diagnosis and outcome." World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2, no. 1 (February 2019): e000012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/wjps-2018-000012.
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IntroductionSignificant progress has been made in the diagnosis and management of congenital anomalies (CA). In our study, we aimed to evaluate prenatal diagnosis, trend of surgical CA, mortality rate and the factors affecting their prognosis in our country.MethodsWe enrolled in our study all children with CA who underwent surgery from January 2008 to December 2017. We compared prenatal diagnosis, incidence and mortality for two 5-year periods: the first period in 2008–2012 and the second period in 2013–2017.ResultsDuring the study period, a total of 321 cases with CA were presented, with an incidence of 0.69–1.18 per 1000 live births. Intestinal, anal and esophageal atresia remain the most important CAs (23%, 18% and 16%), followed by diaphragmatic hernia and gastroschisis (10% and 7%). Comparing the incidence for the two periods, we did not find statistical differences (p=0.73), but the mortality rate has been reduced from 31.4% during the first period to 24.6% during the second period (p=0.17). Prenatal diagnosis has increased: 28% in the second period compared with 10% in the first period (p<0.001), without significantly affecting the prognosis (p=0.09). Birth of premature babies resulted in a significantly negative predictive factor for the prognosis of these anomalies (p=0.0002).ConclusionIncidence of CA has not changed over the years in our country. Advances in intensive care, surgical techniques and parenteral nutrition made in recent years have significantly increased the survival of neonates born with surgical CA. Birth of premature babies was a significantly negative predictive factor for the prognosis of these anomalies.
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Sarabia Alcocer, Betty, Baldemar Ake Canche, Lidia Maria Maas Ortegon, Roman Alberto Perez Balan, Carlos Armando Chan Keb, Rafael Manuel de Jesus Mex Alvarez, Patricia Margarita Garma Quen, Tomas Joel Lopez Gutierrez, and Karen Felix Guzman. "RISK FACTORS OF NEONATAL SEPSIS." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12177.
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Objectives:To identify the risk factors of neonatal sepsisduring the period from January 2017 to December 2019. Methods:A cross-sectional, retrospective study, observational, descriptive; the record of 106 newborns diagnosed with sepsis were reviewed. We excluded 15 were included in the data collection, diagnosis of early and late neonatal sepsis, maternal age, number of gestation, prenatal care, premature birth, diagnosis of UTI diagnosis of chorioamnionitis, premature rupture of membrane (s RPM ), sex product, invasive procedures, product weight and route of obtaining the product. Results:Of the 1401 patients obtained alive, 191 obtained diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and an incidence of 6.49% of early neonatal sepsis was obtained. The main risk factor associated with early neonatal sepsis has been the way of obtaining caesarean with 52.74%, the low birth weight with 32.96% and multiparity an incidence of 34.06% and there were no significant differences between sexes as the man / femalerelationship was 1.02.However if a significant importance in the delivery / caesarean relationship was obtained0.89. There was only one death recorded. Conclusions:The main risk factors associated with early neonatal sepsis are obtained via caesarean section, low birth weight and multiparity, male sex was the most affected but with no significant differences, the IVU, PROM, maternal age less to 18 years and the lack of prenatal care they had similar incidence. Only one late neonatal sepsis and death was obtained. I do not chorioamnionitis data was obtained.
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Morse, Alan R., and Ellen Trief. "Diagnosis and Evaluation of Visual Dysfunction in Premature Infants with Low Birth Weight." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 79, no. 6 (June 1985): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x8507900603.
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Visual impairment of many kinds is common in premature infants with low birth weight. The infant's visual system is quite plastic in the early stages, and early screening may help to discover treatable pathology. Clinical techniques are available that are not used in the routine examination given by the pediatrician. These include optokinetic nystagmus, preferential looking, and visually evoked potential. If such techniques were more widely employed where visual impairment is suspected, nonsurgical remedial intervention might be more successful.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Premature birth/diagnosis"
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Rolnik, Daniel Lorber. "Avaliação sequencial do colo uterino e do teste para proteína-1 fosforilada ligada ao fator de crescimento insulina -símile na predição do parto prematuro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-22012014-112900/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: O antecedente de parto prematuro espontâneo em gestação anterior é considerado o principal e mais importante fator de risco clínico para prematuridade, principal causa de morbidade e mortalidade neonatal. Cerca de 25% das pacientes que tiveram parto prematuro apresentarão recorrência. A prevenção secundária consiste na pesquisa de marcadores de maior risco, com o intuito de instituir medidas terapêuticas apropriadas e de evitar tratamentos desnecessários. A hipótese do presente estudo é a de que existe correlação entre os resultados da avaliação do colo uterino e do teste para proteína-1 fosforilada ligada ao fator de crescimento insulina-símile (phIGFBP-1) e que a utilização de ambos em associação possa predizer a ocorrência de parto prematuro com maior sensibilidade. OBJETIVOS: Averiguar a utilidade da medida do comprimento do colo uterino e do teste para phIGFBP-1 na predição do parto prematuro antes de 37 e de 34 semanas, a existência de relação dos testes entre si, o melhor valor de corte da medida do colo em diferentes idades gestacionais e a melhor época de realização de cada um dos exames. MÉTODO: Foram compilados e submetidos a análise secundária os dados de 101 gestantes com antecedente de parto prematuro atendidas no Setor de Baixo Peso Fetal da Clínica Obstétrica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, entre 2003 e 2008. A medida do comprimento cervical e o teste para phIGFBP-1 foram realizados a cada três semanas, entre 24 e 34 semanas de gestação, e comparados com o desfecho de parto prematuro e nascimento com 34 semanas ou menos, e o melhor valor de corte do colo uterino foi estabelecido por meio de curva de características operacionais. RESULTADOS: Das 101 gestações estudadas, 25 (24,8%) terminaram em parto prematuro, das quais 12 (11,9%) ocorreram com 34 semanas ou menos. As idades gestacionais médias de avaliação foram de 24, 27, 30 e 33 semanas, e os valores de corte do colo uterino foram de 22, 21, 20 e 16 mm, respectivamente. A medida do comprimento do colo apresentou maior sensibilidade (cerca de 70%) e foi capaz de predizer o parto prematuro em todas as avaliações. O teste para phIGFBP-1 não foi útil com 24 semanas, porém foi capaz de detectar de forma independente o risco de prematuridade com 27, com 30 e com 33 semanas. Houve associação estatística dos exames entre si, de forma que o comprimento cervical médio foi menor em gestantes com teste positivo para phIGFBP-1. A associação dos exames elevou a sensibilidade e o valor preditivo negativo de forma significativa. CONCLUSÕES: A medida do comprimento do colo pela ultrassonografia transvaginal constitui bom marcador de risco para parto prematuro com 24 semanas, e o teste para phIGFBP-1 é útil após 27 semanas. A associação dos dois exames possui alta sensibilidade e alto valor preditivo negativo em gestantes de alto risco para prematuridade espontânea, e a realização do primeiro com 24 semanas e do segundo com 27 semanas constitui bom modelo preditivo para o parto prematuroINTRODUCTION: The history of spontaneous preterm birth in a previous pregnancy is considered the main and most important clinical risk factor for preterm birth, the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. About 25% of these patients will deliver prematurely again. Secondary prevention consists in the search for markers of increased risk, in order to institute appropriate therapeutic actions and to avoid unnecessary treatments. The hypothesis of this study is that there is a correlation between the results of the evaluation of the cervix and the test for phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (phIGFBP-1) and that the use of both in combination can predict the occurrence of preterm delivery with higher sensitivity. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the usefulness of the measurement of the cervical length and phIGFBP-1 rapid test in the prediction of preterm birth before 37 and 34 weeks, the existence of a relationship between the tests themselves, the best cutoff value of cervical length measurement at different gestational ages and the best time to carry out each of the exams. METHODS: Data of 101 women with previous preterm birth assisted at the Obstetrical Clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo between 2003 and 2008 were collected and subjected to secondary analysis. The measurement of cervical length and the phIGFBP-1 test were performed every three weeks, between 24 and 34 weeks gestation, and compared with the outcome of premature birth before 37 and 34 weeks, and the best cutoff value of the cervix was determined by receiver operator characteristic curves. RESULTS: Of the 101 pregnancies studied, 25 (24.8%) ended in preterm birth, of which 12 (11.9%) occurred at 34 weeks or less. The mean gestational age in each evaluation was 24, 27, 30 and 33 weeks, and the cutoff of the cervix were 22, 21, 20 and 16 millimeters, respectively. The measurement of cervical length showed the highest sensitivity (approximately 70%) and was able to predict preterm birth in all evaluations. The phIGFBP-1 test was not useful at 24 weeks, but was able to independently detect the risk of prematurity at 27, 30 and 33 weeks. Statistical association between the exams was observed, so that the mean cervical length was lower in pregnant women testing positive for phIGFBP-1. The combination of both tests significantly increased the sensitivity and negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of cervical length by transvaginal ultrasound is a good marker of risk for preterm delivery at 24 weeks, and the test for phIGFBP-1 is useful after 27 weeks. The association of the two tests is valuable and shows high sensitivity and high negative predictive value in women at high risk for spontaneous preterm birth, when the first is preformed with 24 weeks, and the second with 27 weeks
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Pretti, Liziane Cristina. "Sinais sugestivos de transtorno déficit de atenção e hiperatividade de crianças com histórico de nascimento prematuro extremo e baixo peso." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3176.
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Children born premature and extreme birth weight are more likely to have cognitive, neuropathological and behavioral changes such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Early identification of ADHD is important because it is known that the effects caused by this disorder in school and personal lives may pass into adulthood, and the social and educational impact can cause those students requiring specialized educational assistance. In this sense, the present study aimed at identifying early signs suggestive of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children at 3 years of age with a history of extreme preterm birth and low birth weight. The sample comprised 29 children with a history of extreme prematurity and low birth weight with 3 years old now, enrolled in municipal schools. Participants were first characterized with the CCEB (Economic Classification Criterion Brazil) to homogenize the sample. After, were evaluated with the SDQ questionnaire version Pa 3/4 years (for the parents) and version Pr 3/4 years (for teachers). We also used the Denver II screening test in order to evaluate the overall development of these children and relate to behavioral findings. From the statistical correlation - Pearson Correlation - the data we found that there was a significant correlation between the variables IG with hyperactivity subscale, indicated by SDQ Pa (R= -,465*), correlation between IG and birth weight with the hyperactivity subscale, indicated by SDQ Pr ( R= -,528**; R= -,429*, respectivamente). All these correlations were significantly negative which confirms findings in the literature, that is, the lower gestational age and birth weight, the greater are the chances of having behavioral problems suggestive of ADHD. It was also verified that parents and teachers rated similarly children's development. It is concluded that children with a history of preterm birth and low birth weight have signs suggestive of ADHD at 3 years of age, and that the performance of screening for early detection of these signals facilitates therapeutic intervention and can thereby reduce the performance impact academic school with a history of extreme preterm birth and low birth weight.
Crianças nascidas prematuras extremas e com baixo peso, igual ou inferior a 2500g, estão mais propensas a apresentarem alterações cognitivas e neuropatológicas, bem como alterações comportamentais, tais como o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH). A identificação precoce do TDAH é importante, pois sabe-se que as repercussões causadas por este transtorno na vida escolar e pessoal podem repercutir até a vida adulta, e o impacto social e educacional pode fazer com que esses alunos necessitem de assistência educacional especializada. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve por objetivo geral identificar sinais precoces sugestivos do Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH), em crianças aos 3 anos de idade com histórico de nascimento prematuro extremo e baixo peso ao nascer. A amostra foi composta por 29 crianças com histórico de prematuridade extrema e baixo peso ao nascer com 3 anos de idade atual, matriculadas na rede municipal de ensino. Os participantes foram caracterizados primeiramente com o CCEB (Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil), a fim de homogeneizar a amostra. Após foram avaliado com o questionário SDQ versão Pa3/4anos (destinado a pais) e versão Pr3/4 anos (destinado a professores). Foi utilizado também, o teste de triagem Denver II, no intuito de avaliar o desenvolvimento global destas crianças e relacionar com os achados comportamentais. A partir da análise estatística correlacional Correlação de Pearson - dos dados foi possível verificar que houve uma correlação significativa entre as variáveis IG com a subescala hiperatividade, indicados pelo SDQ Pa (R= -,465*), correlação entre IG e peso ao nascer com a subescala hiperatividade, indicados pelo SDQ Pr ( R= -,528**; R= - ,429*, respectivamente). Todas essas correlações se apresentaram significativamente negativa o que corrobora com os achados da literatura, isto é, quanto menor a IG e peso ao nascer, maiores são as chances de apresentarem problemas comportamentais sugestivos de TDAH. Foi possível verificar também, que pais e professores avaliaram de forma semelhante o desenvolvimento das crianças. Conclui-se assim, que crianças com histórico de nascimento prematuro e baixo peso apresentam sinais sugestivos de TDAH aos 3 anos de idade, e que a realização de triagem para detectar precocemente estes sinais facilita a intervenção terapêutica e pode com isso reduzir o impacto no desempenho acadêmico de escolares com histórico de nascimento prematuro extremo e baixo peso.
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Kindler, Annemarie, Barbara Seipolt, Antje Heilmann, Ursula Range, Mario Rüdiger, and Sigrun Ruth Hofmann. "Development of a Diagnostic Clinical Score for Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-232254.
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There is no consensus about the hemodynamic significance and, therefore, the need to treat a persistent ductus arteriosus in preterm newborns. Since the diagnosis of a hemodynamically significant persistent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) is made by a summary of non-uniform echo-criteria in combination with the clinical deterioration of the preterm neonate, standardized clinical and ultrasound scoring systems are needed. The objective of this study was the development of a clinical score for the detection and follow-up of hsPDA. In this observational cohort study of 154 preterm neonates (mean gestational age 28.1 weeks), clinical signs for the development of hsPDA were recorded in a standardized score and compared to echocardiography. Analyzing the significance of single score parameters compared to the diagnosis by echocardiography, we developed a short clinical score (calculated sensitivity 84% and specificity 80%). In
conclusion, this clinical diagnostic PDA score is non-invasive and quickly to implement. The continuous assessment of defined clinical parameters allows for a more precise diagnosis of hemodynamic significance of PDA and, therefore, should help to detect preterm neonates needing PDA-treatment. The score, therefore, allows a more targeted use of echocardiography in these very fragile preterm neonates.
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Kindler, Annemarie, Barbara Seipolt, Antje Heilmann, Ursula Range, Mario Rüdiger, and Sigrun Ruth Hofmann. "Development of a Diagnostic Clinical Score for Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus." Frontiers Media, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29723.
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There is no consensus about the hemodynamic significance and, therefore, the need to treat a persistent ductus arteriosus in preterm newborns. Since the diagnosis of a hemodynamically significant persistent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) is made by a summary of non-uniform echo-criteria in combination with the clinical deterioration of the preterm neonate, standardized clinical and ultrasound scoring systems are needed. The objective of this study was the development of a clinical score for the detection and follow-up of hsPDA. In this observational cohort study of 154 preterm neonates (mean gestational age 28.1 weeks), clinical signs for the development of hsPDA were recorded in a standardized score and compared to echocardiography. Analyzing the significance of single score parameters compared to the diagnosis by echocardiography, we developed a short clinical score (calculated sensitivity 84% and specificity 80%). In
conclusion, this clinical diagnostic PDA score is non-invasive and quickly to implement. The continuous assessment of defined clinical parameters allows for a more precise diagnosis of hemodynamic significance of PDA and, therefore, should help to detect preterm neonates needing PDA-treatment. The score, therefore, allows a more targeted use of echocardiography in these very fragile preterm neonates.
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Davidson, Catherine. "Breaking water in art therapy : case study of Charles : multiaxial diagnosis including separation anxiety and premature birth." Thesis, 2003. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/2050/1/MQ78013.pdf.
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This paper will explore the primary research question, How can Art Therapy offer reparative experiences for a child with behavioral difficulties related to Separation Anxiety Disorder? Through a case study and literature review I will demonstrate that such reparative experiences are interactive in a twofold dimensional conceptualization of the art therapy process. The first is carried out in the realm of play and supported art making; the second one properly takes place in the relationship between the therapist and child. The subsidiary research question addressed is, What are the conditions leading to separation anxiety in general and in particular, in the case of Charles? Through Charles' play with art materials, a therapeutic alliance was promptly established. Charles was able to eventually gain enough confidence that allowed him to relax sufficiently to engage in a symbolic process that seemed reparative, on a number of levels, for experiences surrounding his premature birth. In accordance with attachment theory, it can be hypothesized that these experiences laid a foundation for behaviours and parent/child relations which eventually were diagnosed as Separation Anxiety Disorder and a Parent/Child Relational Problem.
Books on the topic "Premature birth/diagnosis"
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(Editor), Chiara Nosarti, Robin Murray (Editor), and Maureen Hack (Editor), eds. Pre-term Birth. Cambridge University Press, 2008.
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1931-, Behrman Richard E., Butler Adrienne Stith, and Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes., eds. Preterm birth: Causes, consequences, and prevention. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press, 2007.
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(Editor), Richard E. Behrman, and Adrienne Stith Butler (Editor), eds. Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention. National Academies Press, 2007.
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Chiara, Nosarti, Murray, Robin, MD, M Phil, MRCP, MRC Psych., and Hack Maureen, eds. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm birth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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Schleiss, Mark R. Cytomegalovirus. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190604813.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Congenital infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common infectious cause of developmental disability in newborns. Congenital CMV is also a leading cause of hearing loss in infants. The overall birth prevalence of congenital CMV is 0.5–1%, varying among different populations. CMV infection may be symptomatic at birth or, more commonly, asymptomatic. Both groups are at risk for sequelae. Antiviral therapy with ganciclovir (or valganciclovir) in infants with symptomatic congenital CMV infection can result in improved neurodevelopmental and hearing outcomes. CMV infections in very low birthweight premature infants, typically acquired via breast milk, can also produce substantial short-term and possibility long-term morbidity. This chapter reviews current concepts regarding the biology of CMV as well as the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcome of congenital and perinatal CMV infections. High-priority areas for future research, including in the arena of newborn screening for congenital CMV, are discussed.
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Davis, Dana-Ain. Reproductive Injustice. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479812271.001.0001.
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The premature birth rate in the United States has been persistently high among Black women for many decades. While most research on the topic of premature birth involves poor and low-income women, this book focuses on the experiences of more affluent women to show that race is as much a common denominator as class in adverse birth outcomes. Using the afterlife of slavery framework, the book argues that racism shapes professional and college-educated Black women’s prenatal and birthing medical encounters, which have precedents that emanate from slavery. The book weaves in historic examples of medical racism, offering analytical context for understanding contemporary Black women’s interpretations of medical encounters of prenatal care, labor, birthing, and the admission of their premature child to the neonatal intensive care unit. Based on ethnographic observations, archival research, and nearly fifty interviews with parents, medical professionals, public health administrators, and birth workers, including midwives, doulas and reproductive justice advocates, the book is divided into two parts. Part I offers definitions of prematurity, outlines some of its causes, and describes what it is like to have a premature child. This part also explores the everyday forms of racism, such as diagnostic lapses or being dismissed by medical personnel, and links those experiences to past ideologies and practices of medical racism. Part II uses a critical racial lens to explore three strategies to address prematurity: technological intervention, public health intervention, and the preventionist approach taken up by birth workers. The conclusion gestures toward ideas to address medical racism.
Book chapters on the topic "Premature birth/diagnosis"
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"Labor Complications." In Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, 138–58. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4357-3.ch006.
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A complication of labor is a problem that poses a risk to the mother's or baby's health that occurs during birth. There are also pregnancy complications; those are the health problems that occur in the pregnant woman or in the developing fetus before the onset of labour. Complications of birth may occur during labor or the delivery and can have serious repercussions for both mother and newborn. Some complications that women develop during pregnancy like preeclampsia (high blood pressure with protein in the urine) may lead to premature detachment of the placenta from the uterus (placental abruption) and problems in the newborn. Some other labor complications may sometimes develop spontaneously and unexpectedly. Hence, it becomes easier to anticipate such problems during pregnancy through regular antenatal check-up by a physician or a certified nurse/midwife. Thus, intrapartum care of women with a complicated labor and delivery is recommended to improve the chances of having a healthy baby and safe delivery.
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Christoforidou, Antonia, Charalambos Platis, Emmanouil Zoulias, and Giannis Karafyllis. "Recognition of Neonatal Hospitalization Cost in an Intensive Care Unit in Greece and the Deviation from Its Current Reimbursement System." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210128.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper efforts have been made to record the actual, real cost of health care services in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (N.I.C.U.) of a public hospital. It is well known that, in recent years, the hospitals have been reimbursed with the system of Diagnosis-Related Groups (D.R.G.’s). The purpose of this study is to determine whether the costs according with D.R.G.’s correspond to the actual-real cost, as this is recorded in the N.I.C.U. This cost is called direct cost. Here is a case study of a premature neonate in the intensive care unit (N.I.C.U.). From the outset, the age of pregnancy, the birth weight, the duration of hospitalization in N.I.C.U. and the needs of the newborn in oxygen, medication, as well as nutrition are defined which are very important in shaping the cost. Then, the cost is calculated according to the D.R.G.’s system. By setting three basic diagnoses (I.C.D.-10), we find the D.R.G. which better describes the case, as well as the associated costs. Then, we calculate the direct cost and list all the consumables, exams, staff costs, overheads. Comparing the two results we find that the cost of D.R.G. does not meet the direct cost of hospitalization. There is a significant deviation from the actual real cost, which proves the under-costing of the health services. The D.R.G.’s system leads hospitals to increase their financial deficits and provide degraded quality health services. It is necessary to readjust the D.R.G.’s according to the reality and the redefinition of the hospital’s reimbursement system to meet the direct – real cost of the health services offered.
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Gardiner, Dale, and Andrew McGee. "Diagnosing Death." In Law and ethics in intensive care, edited by Christopher Danbury, Christopher Newdick, Alex Ruck Keene, and Carl Waldmann, 137–60. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198817161.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
It was not always doctors who diagnosed death. Advances in resuscitation and fears of premature burial led to doctors having a duty to diagnose death in a safe and timely way. The birth of intensive care in the twentieth century demonstrated that it was possible for the heart to keep beating even after the brain had permanently ceased functioning. A worldwide, unifying, brain-based definition of death could be termed ‘permanent brain arrest’. The clinical characteristics of permanent brain arrest would be the permanent loss of capacity for consciousness and loss of all brainstem functions (including the capacity to breathe), which might arise from primary brain injury or secondary to circulatory arrest. Three sets of criteria are used by doctors to diagnose death, depending on the clinical circumstances: forensic, circulatory, and neurological. All three sets of criteria point to the same brain-based definition of death. While there is widespread consensus for these standards—in practice and in law—they are not without criticism.
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Baker, H. W. Gordon. "Congenital anorchia, acquired anorchia, testicular maldescent, and varicocele." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 1385–93. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.9062.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter describes the causes, symptoms and clinical management strategies of three disorders affecting the testes; anorchia (both congenital and acquired), testicular maldescent, and varicocele. Absence of both testes in baby boys (bilateral congenital anorchia) is infrequent. Unilateral anorchia or monorchidism is more common. Vascular accidents in gestation appear to be the major cause of anorchia. Bilateral anorchia is associated with changes in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone levels. Once the diagnosis of bilateral anorchia is made, both sterility and the requirement for androgen replacement therapy need to be considered. For treatment, androgen replacement therapy induces pubertal virilization and maintains it in adult life. Torsion and orchidectomy or failed orchiopexy for maldescent are the commonest causes of acquired anorchia. Clinical evaluation and androgen replacement therapy for acquired anorchia are as for congenital anorchia. Normal testes may not complete descent into the scrotum until after birth, particularly in premature infants. The pathological condition of testicular maldescent generally includes incompletely descended or ectopic testes. Infertility is an important problem in patients with a past history of maldescended testes, though whilst the causes of maldescended testes may be multifactorial, the majority of infertile patients with maldescended testes have no other relevant clinical features. Clinical guidelines for treatment of maldescended testes recommend orchiopexy for congenital forms between 6 and 12 months of age, and as soon as possible for those discovered later and for acquired maldescent. Varicocele is one of the most enigmatic and controversial areas in reproductive medicine; a dilation of the pampiniform plexus that usually affects the left side. Its pathogenesis, effects on the testis and, particularly, the benefits of treatment for infertility remain uncertain. Some adults with varicoceles complain of testicular discomfort, a feeling of weight or a dragging sensation in the scrotum. However, many men with a varicocele are unaware of its presence. The mechanism of development of the common varicocele is regarded as a missing or incompetent valve, although they can also result from portal hypertension or intra-abdominal venous obstruction. Asymmetrical testicular size is a frequent accompaniment to the presence of a varicocele, and on average poorer semen quality is present in affected men. They are most easily detected with the man standing upright. Inspection of the scrotum shows an enlargement of the left side of the scrotum, and the dilated veins maybe apparent. Most treatments involve venographic or surgical obstruction of the incompetent veins, though a variety of surgeries have also been performed. The association between varicoceles and infertility is controversial and a Cochrane Review concluded that there is insufficient evidence to support varicocele treatment for infertility. However, the field remains confused and contradictory.
Conference papers on the topic "Premature birth/diagnosis"
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Myers, Kristin M., Michelle L. Oyen, Kyoko Yoshida, Michael Fernandez, Joy Vink, and Ronald Wapner. "Time-Dependent Indentation Response of Human Cervical Tissue." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80863.
Full textAbstract:
More than half a million babies are born prematurely in the United States, and the rate of preterm birth (PTB) is on the rise [1]. Infants born prematurely account for a high percentage of perinatal mortalities, and preterm infants that survive are at risk for long-term morbidities including neurologic, respiratory, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal complications [2]. Altered mechanical and biochemical properties of the uterine cervix are suspected to cause premature and spontaneous cervical dilation, which is associated with a leading cause of PTB known as cervical insufficiency (CI). The impact of this condition is unknown because diagnosing CI remains controversial. Multiple etiologies are believed to lead to an insufficient cervix, or a soft cervix. Yet, there is no standard method to quantify the mechanical strength of the cervix, limiting the ability to discern these etiologies, to stage the progression of labor, and to identify and manage high-risk CI patients.
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van den Berg, W., M. Peters, C. Breederveld, J. W. ten Cate, and J. G. Koppe. "PREDICTIVE VALUE OF LOW AT III LEVELS FOR THE OCCURRENCE OF IVH, IRDS AND DEATH IN PREMATURE NEONATES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644268.
Full textAbstract:
The observation of AT III deficiency in premature neonates with Idiopathic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS), suggests a positive predictive value for a poor outcome. The underlying diffuse intravascular coagulation could generate serious hemorrhagic complications like Peri/Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH).A prospective study was performed in consecutively born neonates to assess the predictive value of low AT III for theoccurrence of IVH, (gr. III/IV), IRDS, and death. Eighty-one neonates were included in the study during a period of 5 months. AT III levels were determined immediately after birth by a chromogenic substrate assay. Values in umbilical cord blood were identical with values in capillary or peripheral vein blood samples taken within 6 hours after birth. There was no correlation between AT III values and gestational age (r: 0.18). Twenty-four neonates with IRDS showed a mean AT III value of 0.23 U/ml (S. D. ± 0.07 U/ml) which was significantly lower than a mean AT III value of 0.35 U/ml (S. D. ± 0.1 U/ml) for neonates without IRDS (p ≺0.00005). When IVH gr. III/IV was diagnosed in neonates having IRDS (8/24) no significant difference in mean AT IIIact was observed with respect to jnean AT III levels of remaining neonates without this complication. No death occurred in neonates without IRDS. Mean AT IIIact (0.21 U/ml) in neonates with IRDS who died (9/24) was low compared with mean AT III levels of neonates with IRDS who survived (0.25 U/ml), but did not reach significance (p≻0.1). Assuming a critical value of AT III of 20% a positive predictive value of 89% for IRDS, 44% for IVH, and 56% for death was calculated. It is concluded that low AT Illact levels have a high predictive value for IRDS.