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Feitosa Chaves, Ana Carolina, Andréia Passos Santos, Karine De Magalhães Nogueira Ataíde, and Karla Joelma Bezerra Cunha. "Cuidado e manutenção da integridade da pele do neonato prematuro." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 13, no. 2 (February 9, 2019): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v13i2a237974p378-384-2019.
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Objetivo: descrever o cuidado de Enfermagem na manutenção da integridade da pele do recém-nascido prematuro dentro de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN). Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, exploratório, descritivo, em uma maternidade de referência, com 11 enfermeiros que atuam na UTIN. Coletaram-se os dados por meio de uma entrevista gravada semiestruturada, e, posteriormente, as falas foram transcritas e analisadas pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, na modalidade Análise Categorial. Resultados: analisaram-se e distribuíram-se os dados coletados em duas categorias: Assistência de Enfermagem ao neonato prematuro na UTIN e Cuidados de Enfermagem na manutenção da integridade da pele do recém-nascido prematuro na UTIN. Evidenciou-se, a partir desta pesquisa, que a Enfermagem é fundamental no cuidar dos neonatos prematuros, e que a equipe realiza diversos procedimentos no que diz respeito à prevenção de lesões de pele nos bebês, desenvolvendo um trabalho humanizado. Conclusão: acredita-se que este estudo possa contribuir para o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde em relação ao risco ao qual o recém-nascido prematuro está exposto no desenvolvimento de lesões de pele quando internado em UTIN, de forma a contribuir no cuidado neonatal humanizado e de qualidade. Descritores: Enfermagem; Prematuro; Pele; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal; Assistência Integral à Saúde. ABSTRACT Objective: to describe Nursing care in maintaining premature newborn's skin integrity within a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Method: this is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study carried out in a reference maternity hospital, with 11 nurses working at the NICU. The data was collected by means of a semi-structured recorded interview, and later the speeches were transcribed and analyzed by the Content Analysis technique, in the Categorical Analysis modality. Results: the data collected was analyzed and distributed in two categories: Nursing Care to the premature neonates in the NICU and Nursing Care in the maintenance of the skin integrity of the premature newborn in the NICU. It was evidenced, from this research, that Nursing is fundamental in caring for premature neonates, and that the team performs several procedures regarding the prevention of skin lesions in babies, developing a humanized work. Conclusion: it is believed that this study may contribute to the knowledge of health professionals regarding the risk to which the premature newborn is exposed in the development of skin lesions when hospitalized in NICU, in order to contribute to the neonatal and humanized quality care. Descriptors: Nursing; Premature; Skin; Nursing care; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Comprehensive Health Care.RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el cuidado de enfermería en el mantenimiento de la integridad de la piel del recién nacido prematuro dentro de una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN). Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo, realizado en una maternidad de referencia, con 11 enfermeros que actúan en la UTIN. Se recogieron los datos por medio de una entrevista grabada semiestructurada, y posteriormente, las palabras fueron transcritas y analizadas por la técnica de Análisis de Contenido, en la modalidad Análisis Categorial. Resultados: se analizaron y se distribuyeron los datos recogidos en dos categorías: Asistencia de Enfermería al neonato prematuro en la UTIN y Cuidados de Enfermería en el mantenimiento de la integridad de la piel del recién nacido prematuro en la UTIN. Se evidenció, a partir de esta investigación, que la Enfermería es fundamental en el cuidado de los recién nacidos prematuros, y que el equipo realiza diversos procedimientos en lo que se refiere a la prevención de lesiones de piel en los bebés, desarrollando un trabajo humanizado. Conclusión: se cree que este estudio puede contribuir al conocimiento de los profesionales de salud en relación al riesgo al que el recién nacido prematuro está expuesto en el desarrollo de lesiones de piel cuando es internado en UTIN, para contribuir en el cuidado neonatal humanizado y de calidad. Descritores: Enfermería en Salud Comunitaria; Desprendimiento Prematuro de la Placenta; Apósitos Biológicos; Atención de Enfermería; Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal; Atención Integral de Salud.
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Lane, Alfred T., and Sharon S. Drost. "Effects of Repeated Application of Emollient Cream to Premature Neonates' Skin." Pediatrics 92, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.92.3.415.
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Objective. Emollient cream moisturizers are often used on premature newborns in neonatal intensive care units without accurate knowledge of the risks or benefits to the neonate. Design. We prospectively compared premature neonates treated with a water-in-oil emollient cream for up to 16 days to untreated premature neonates. Setting. The study was completed in a neonatal intensive care unit on neonates admitted for respiratory distress and/or possible sepsis. Patients. Thirty-four neonates, between 29 and 36 weeks estimated gestational age, entered the study. Interventions. One-half of the neonates were treated twice a day with an water-in-oil emollient cream, and the other half served as controls. Outcome Measures. The skin condition of the neonates' hands, feet, and abdomen was evaluated on entering the study and twice a week. Fungal cultures and quantitative bacterial cultures were obtained from the axilla and abdomen on entering the study and twice a week. Results. The mean gestational age of the treated neonates was 32.3 weeks, whereas the mean gestational age of the control neonates was 32.5 weeks. The neonates treated with emollient cream demonstrated statistically less dermatitis of their hands (day 2 through day 11), their feet (day 2 through day 16), and their abdomen (day 7 through day 11). Fungal cultures and quantitative bacterial cultures of the abdomen and axilla were equivalent in both groups. Conclusions. These studies document that emollient cream moisturizer therapy of premature neonates decreases dermatitis without changing the microbiological flora.
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SOBEL, DANIEL B. "Burning of a Neonate due to a Pulse Oximeter: Arterial Saturation Monitoring." Pediatrics 89, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.89.1.154.
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Monitoring of arterial hemoglobin saturations by pulse oximetry has become a fixture in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units, operating rooms, and in other hospital settings. Use with extremely premature neonates is especially beneficial because of their immature skin development and vulnerability to topical damage—whether due to chemicals, tape, or temperature.1,2 This report documents a case of a burn due to a presumed shorting of a pulse oximeter probe cable in an extremely premature neonate. CASE REPORT The patient was a 690-g Hispanic female neonate born prematurely at approximately 25 weeks' gestation with respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation and supplemental oxygen.
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Taylor, Laura, Carlos S. Mamani-García, Alexandra Gutiérrez-Pingo, Jerry K. Benites-Meza, Diego Chambergo-Michilot, Norma del Carmen Gálvez-Díaz, and Joshuan J. Barboza. "Infección metastásica por Staphylococcus aureus en neonatos: a propósito de un caso." Bionatura 3, no. 3 (August 15, 2021): 2038–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2021.06.03.25.
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Metastatic infection as an infrequent complication of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in neonates is challenging due to the limited literature. To report the clinical case of a premature neonate who developed a metastatic infection as a complication of S. aureus bacteremia. We present the case of a premature neonate admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, diagnosed with bacterial sepsis, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, and involvement by premature rupture of the membrane. A patch catheter was inserted, and he was successfully treated for E. coli bacteremia. He was re-admitted for late sepsis due to infection with multi-sensitive S. aureus in a patch catheter. An abscess appears on the front of the chest due to S. aureus, confirming metastatic infection. The abscess was drained with a favorable resolution of the clinical picture. In neonates submitted to invasive procedures, it is essential to monitor the clinical evolution and early identification of metastatic infection after Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and provide early treatment to avoid sequelae.
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Stanworth, Simon J. "Thrombocytopenia, bleeding, and use of platelet transfusions in sick neonates." Hematology 2012, no. 1 (December 8, 2012): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/asheducation.v2012.1.512.3798533.
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Abstract Survival rates for infants born prematurely have improved significantly, in part due to better supportive care such as RBC transfusion. The role of platelet transfusions in neonates is more controversial. Neonatal thrombocytopenia is common in premature infants. The primary causal factors are intrauterine growth restriction/maternal hypertension, in which the infant presents with thrombocytopenia soon after birth, and sepsis/necrotizing enterocolitis, which are the common morbidities associated with thrombocytopenia in neonates > 72 hours of age. There is no evidence of a relationship between platelet count and occurrence of major hemorrhage, and cardiorespiratory problems are considered the main etiological factors in the development of intraventricular and periventricular hemorrhage in the neonatal period. Platelet transfusions are used commonly as prophylaxis in premature neonates with thrombocytopenia. However, there is widespread variation in the pretransfusion thresholds for platelet count and evidence of marked disparities in platelet transfusion practice between hospitals and countries. Platelet transfusions are biological agents and as such are associated with risks. Unlike other patient groups, specifically patients with hematological malignancies, there have been no recent clinical trials undertaken comparing different thresholds for platelet transfusion in premature neonates. Therefore, there is no evidence base with which to inform safe and effective practice for prophylactic platelet transfusions. There is a need for randomized controlled trials to define the optimal use of platelet transfusions in premature neonates, who at present are transfused heavily with platelets.
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Lamoth, Frédéric, Sébastien Aeby, Antoine Schneider, Katia Jaton-Ogay, Bernard Vaudaux, and Gilbert Greub. "ParachlamydiaandRhabdochlamydiain Premature Neonates." Emerging Infectious Diseases 15, no. 12 (December 2009): 2072–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1512.090267.
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Silva, Davi Porfirio da, Itala Letice Pereira Lessa, Mirelle Alessandra Silva de Medeiros, Glaucia Alyne Nunes de Lacerda, Mércia Lisieux Vaz da Costa Mascarenhas, Anne Laura Costa Costa, Ingrid Martins Leite Lúcio, and Rossana Teotônio de Farias Moreira. "Infecções fúngicas em prematuros por leveduras do gênero malassezia." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 12, no. 10 (October 7, 2018): 2836. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i10a236345p2836-2843-2018.
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RESUMOObjetivo: analisar em recém-nascidos prematuros internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal por infecções fúngicas causadas por leveduras do gênero Malassezia. Método: trata-se de estudo bibliográfico, descritivo, tipo revisão integrativa, desenvolvido em seis etapas, com busca de artigos entre dezembro de 2017 e janeiro de 2018, nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF, Science Direct, Medline e no Portal de Periódicos CAPES. Interpretaram-se os resultados e se sintetizou o conhecimento de forma crítica e descritiva. Resultados: incluíram-se 12 estudos publicados em inglês (84,61%), espanhol (7,69%) e francês (7,69%). Conclusão: considerou-se que o Malassezia spp. pode ser responsável pela colonização e infecção, cutânea e sanguínea, em neonatos prematuros hospitalizados, destacando-se as espécies M. fufur e M. pachydermatis. Recomenda-se a necessidade de mais estudos. Descritores: Malassezia; Microbiota Fungemia; Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal; Recém-Nascido Prematuro; Nutrição Parenteral. ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze in newborn infants hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units for fungal infections caused by yeasts of the genus Malassezia. Method: this is a bibliographical study, descriptive of integrative review, developed in six stages, with search of articles between December 2017 and January 2018, LILACS, BDENF, Science Direct, Medline and Portal of Journals CAPES. The results were interpreted and synthesized the knowledge critically and descriptive. Results: we included 12 studies published in English (84.61%), Spanish (7.69%) and French (7.69%). Conclusion: it was considered that the Malassezia spp. may be responsible for the colonization and infection, skin and blood, in hospitalized premature neonates, highlighting the species M. fufur and M. pachydermatis. It is recommended the need for further studies.Descriptors: Malassezia; Microbiota; Fungemia, Neonatal Intensive Care Units; Premature Infant; Parenteral Nutrition.RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar en neonatos hospitalizados en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales infecciones fúngicas causadas por levaduras del género Malassezia. Método: este es un estudio bibliográfico, descriptivo, examen integrador, desarrollado en seis etapas, con búsqueda de artículos entre diciembre de 2017 y enero de 2018 BDENF, Lilacs, Medline, Science Direct, Portal de Periódicos y CAPES. Los resultados son interpretados y sintetizan el conocimiento crítico y descriptivo. Resultados: se incluyeron 12 estudios publicados en inglés (84,61%), español (7,69%) y francés (7,69%). Conclusión: se consideró que la Malassezia spp. puede ser responsable de la colonización e infección, la piel y la sangre, en neonatos prematuros hospitalizados, destacando las especies M. fufur y M. pachydermatis. Se recomienda la necesidad de más estudios. Descriptores: Malassezia; Microbiota; Fungemia; Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal; Recien Nacido Prematuro; Nutrición Parenteral.
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Metallinou, Dimitra, Grigorios Karampas, Eleftheria Lazarou, Nikoletta Iacovidou, Panagiota Pervanidou, Katerina Lykeridou, George Mastorakos, and Demetrios Rizos. "Serum Activin A as Brain Injury Biomarker in the First Three Days of Life. A Prospective Case—Control Longitudinal Study in Human Premature Neonates." Brain Sciences 11, no. 9 (September 20, 2021): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091243.
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Disruption of normal intrauterine brain development is a significant consequence of premature birth and may lead to serious complications, such as neonatal brain injury (NBI). This prospective case-control longitudinal study aimed at determining the levels and prognostic value of serum activin A during the first three days of life in human premature neonates which later developed NBI. It was conducted in a single tertiary hospital and eligible participants were live-born premature (<34 weeks) neonates. Each case (n = 29) developed NBI in the form of an intraventricular haemorrhage, or periventricular leukomalacia, and was matched according to birth weight and gestational age to one neonate with normal head ultrasound scans. Serum activin A levels in both groups showed a stable concentration during the first three days of life as no difference was observed within the two groups from the first to the third day. Neonates diagnosed with NBI had significantly higher activin A levels during the first two days of life compared to control neonates and its levels correlated to the severity of NBI during the second and third day of life. Although serum activin A on the second day was the best predictor for neonates at risk to develop NBI, the overall predictive value was marginally fair (area under the ROC-curve 69.2%). Activin A, in combination with other biomarkers, may provide the first clinically useful panel for the early detection of premature neonates at high risk of NBI.
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Shakya, Amshu, and Sweta Kumari Gupta. "Neonatal outcome of maternal premature rupture of membranes more than 18 hours." Journal of Kathmandu Medical College 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v9i2.35526.
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Background: Premature Rupture of Membranes has been known to complicate pregnancy since ages. Several risk factors may be associated with occurrence of premature rupture of membranes. It is associated with varied neonatal complications, neonatal sepsis and prematurity being the most hazardous ones.
Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of neonatal sepsis following premature rupture of membranes, risk factors and neonatal complications associated with premature rupture of membrane of more than 18 hours in the neonates admitted in a tertiary care center.
Methodology: Descriptive observational study was undertaken for 18 months from August 2013 to January 2015 in the College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal. This study included 82 neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with maternal history of premature rupture of membranes of more than 18 hours with medical conditions excluded.
Results: The incidence of premature rupture of membranes in this hospital was 8.9%. Frequently associated maternal risk factors were history of prior abortion (16, 19.5%), urinary tract infection (7, 8.5%), and antecedent coitus (7, 8.5%). In the study population, 68 (83%) neonates had complications and 14 (17%) neonates had no complication. The incidence of neonatal sepsis following PROM in present study was 6.1%. Neonatal sepsis was significantly associated with chorioamnionitis (p<0.001). The most frequently occurring complication was probable neonatal sepsis (53, 64.6%), followed by prematurity (31, 37.8%) and perinatal asphyxia (15, 18.3%). There was a directly proportional relation of neonatal sepsis, chorioamnionitis, respiratory distress syndrome and mortality with duration of premature rupture of membranes.
Conclusion: Commonly occurring maternal risk factors with PROM were prior abortion, UTI and antecedent coitus. In the study population, infectious morbidity was highest. Chorioamnionitis was significantly associated with culture proven neonatal sepsis. Prolonged duration of premature rupture of membranes increased the risk of neonatal sepsis, meningitis, respiratory distress syndrome and perinatal death. Prevention of these risk factors, appropriate and timely management including improved obstetric and neonatal care can provide intact survival of the neonates.
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DUNN, MICHAEL S. "Surfactant Replacement Therapy: Prophylaxis or Treatment?" Pediatrics 92, no. 1 (July 1, 1993): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.92.1.148.
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After extensive preclinical and clinical testing, surfactant replacement therapy for premature neonates has become routine in modern neonatal intensive care units. Even though "everyone's doing it," there is nevertheless wide variation in how this therapy is applied. Future studies will be needed to help sort out some of the unresolved issues such as the best preparation, optimal delivery method, how best to ventilate the surfactant-treated neonate, when to retreat with surfactant, and the role of adjunctive therapies such as indomethacin or corticosteroids. Considerable controversy also exists over when surfactant should be administered. This issue has been studied in some depth, both in animals and premature neonates.
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Eko Sulistijono, Putri Primawardani, Krisni Subandiyah, and Anik Puryatni. "The levels of Human Beta Defensin-2 (HBD-2) in premature neonates’ feces at Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, Indonesia." Pediatrics Sciences Journal 1, no. 1 (February 2, 2022): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51559/pedscij.v1i1.2.
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Background: Clinical evidence shows that the etiology of neonatal sepsis is translocation of the digestive tract of premature neonates. Human ß-defensor 2 has a protective effect during inflammation and apoptosis. This study aimed to determine the levels of fecal human ß-defensus-2 (HBD-2) as an inflammatory biomarker in premature neonates related to nutrition consumption.
Methods: A cohort study design used in thirty-nine premature neonates according to inclusion criteria were collected in January to March 2019 in the neonatology room of RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. The levels of premature neonatal feces HBD-2 were taken from all three sample groups on the seventh and fourteenth days and measured by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.
Results: The mean levels of HBD-2 premature neonatal feces consuming formula milk alone were higher than other groups (349.16 + 67.66 vs 330.24 + 44.08 vs 215.65 + 51.34). There is a relationship between levels of HBD-2 premature neonatal feces with only breastfeeding (p=0,005; r=0.731), breast milk (p=0,005; r=0,727) and, formula milk only (p=0,003; r=0,761).
Conclusion: The levels of HBD-2 in premature neonatal stools who consuming formula milk alone were significantly higher than levels of human HBD-2 premature neonatal stools that consumed only breast milk.
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Dumov, E. L., M. Nöcker-Ribaupierre, N. V. Andrushchenko, and A. S. Iova. "MUSIC THERAPY OF PREMATURE NEONATES:ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS." HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov 7, no. 4 (December 15, 2015): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov20157476-83.
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Research of effects of music on premature infants has been performed since 1970 th. The vast majority of investigations have revealed essential positive effects of music on various physiological indices of infants. During the previous 40 years, music therapy has developed from simple acoustic stimulation of a neonate to complex types of musical and psychotherapeutical interventions directed not only at an infant, but also at caregivers (primary at a mother) in order to support bonding of the dyad, disconnected by perinatal stress and long-term hospitalization in a NICU. In spite of multiple works about music therapy of neonates, a couple of aspects still require further research. Unfortunately, in the domestic literature we have succeeded to find relatively few reports about music therapy of neonates, whereas in several foreign clinics this method has already been included in the routine clinical practice. Possibly, “the acoustical mama-therapy” could appear optimal in domestic neonatal units.
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Thabet Mohamed, Nahed, Atyat Mohammed Hassan, Heba Mostafa Mohamed, Amal A. Abdelhafez, Eman Abd Elaziz Mohamed, Safwat Mohamed Abdel Aziz Ali, and Ahmed M. Abbas. "Effects of umbilical cord milking on premature neonates’ and mothers’ outcomes." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 9, no. 11 (July 25, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v9n11p1.
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Background: Umbilical Cord Milking (UCM) is a safe and likely technique for both the mothers and their neonates which improve the neonatal outcomes. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of umbilical cord milking on premature neonates' and mothers' outcomes.Methods: Design: Quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Setting: Emergency and Labor Unit of Women's Health University Hospital and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Assiut University Children Hospital were the setting which the study was implemented. Subjects: It included 80 mothers and their premature neonates. The subjects were divided randomly into two groups (40 premature neonates who were received the UCM as a study group and 40 premature neonates as a control group who received the Immediate Cord Clamping [ICC]). Tool: One structured interview questionnaire was designed especially for this study. It included two parts: Personal and clinical data of the studied mothers and premature neonates.Results: The Hemoglobin (Hb) level significantly increased in the study group when compared to the control group within 6 hours of birth (12.11 vs. 10.61) and at 36-48 hours after UCM (12.27 vs. 11.32). Also, UCM had significantly improved the need for blood transfusion, death rate, and length of hospital stay among premature neonates in the study group.Conclusions and recommendations: UCM improved preterm neonates' outcomes as increasing Hb level, less need for blood transfusion, and decline incidence of death, lowers length of hospital stay. Recommendations: Increasing awareness of neonatology, pediatric, and obstetric nurses about benefits and technique of UCM through health education program.
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McEvoy, LT, H. Zakem-Cloud, and MF Tosi. "Total cell content of CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) in neonatal neutrophils: relationship to gestational age." Blood 87, no. 9 (May 1, 1996): 3929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v87.9.3929.bloodjournal8793929.
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Neonatal neutrophils (PMN) exhibit a well-documented defect in chemotaxis that is associated with several abnormalities of PMN structure and function, including deficient surface expression of CR3 (CD11b/CD18), a critical adhesion molecule, on chemoattractant- activated PMN. We recently documented that deficient surface expression of CR3 on stimulated neonatal PMN is due principally to a deficiency in total cell content of CR3. In the current studies, we tested the hypothesis that total cell CR3 content of PMN is even more profoundly deficient in premature infants and that PMN CR3 content is directly related to gestational age. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for CR3 showed that PMN lysates from term neonates ( > or = 37 weeks gestation) contain about 60% of adult PMN levels of CR3, whereas PMN from premature infants (range of 27 to 36 weeks gestation) contained a mean of about 30%, ranging from 10% to 48% (P < .001 for term [n = 6] v premature [n = 11] by unpaired t-test). When the relationship between total cell CR3 and gestational age (n = 15) was analyzed, the correlation coefficient was .94 by linear regression, and the Spearman rank correlation was significant with P < .001. PMN content of LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) was similarly measured for 14 neonates. Term neonates were equivalent to adults in LFA-1 content of their PMN (99.4% +/- 3.2% of paired adult values, n = 6), whereas prematures (28 to 36 weeks gestation) were deficient, overall (69.1% +/- 10.4%, n = 8, P = .035). Below 35 weeks gestation, LFA-1 values ranged from 26% to 65% of paired adult control values, but no infant of > or = 35 weeks gestation had PMN LFA-1 content that was less than 85% of its adult control. We concluded that CR3 total cell content is more profoundly deficient in premature than in term neonates, that at birth there is a direct relationship between PMN CR3 content and gestational age, and that LFA-1 is deficient only in prematures less than 35 weeks of gestational age. Below 30 weeks gestation, CR3 content of PMN approached that seen in genetic deficiency of the CD18 family of leukocyte integrins, or type 1 leukocyte adhesion deficiency, underscoring the severity of this host impairment in very early preterm neonates.
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Gurubacharya, SM, S. Rajbhandari, R. Gurung, A. Rai, M. Mishra, KR Sharma, and DR Aryal. "Risk Factors and Outcome of Neonates Born through Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid in a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 35, no. 1 (October 8, 2015): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v35i1.12171.
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Introduction: The incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome is still high in the developing world contributing significantly to the neonatal mortality. The study was aimed to know the risk factors contributing to meconium aspiration syndrome and neonatal outcome in a tertiary government hospital of the country.Materials and Methods: It was a hospital based cross sectional study done over a period of three months. All live newborns born through meconium stained liquor were enrolled and all the details regarding mother, neonate were recorded. Odd’s ratio and bivariate analysis was done to assess the risk factors for meconium aspiration syndrome.Result: Out of all the deliveries 14.6% were meconium stained amniotic fluid and meconium aspiration syndrome developed in 6.6% of the neonates. Low Apgar score and premature rupture of membranes was significantly associated with the risk of occurrence of meconium aspiration syndrome. Neonates who developed meconium aspiration syndrome had mortality of 11.3%.Conclusion: Perinatal asphyxia and premature rupture of membranes were significantly associated with the development of meconium aspiration syndrome and neonates who developed meconium aspiration syndrome had high mortality.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(1):44-48
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Walti, Hervé. "Medications for Premature Neonates." Pediatric Drugs 10, no. 4 (2008): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00148581-200810040-00001.
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NASCIMENTO-CARVALHO, CRISTIANA M. C., and OTÁVIO A. MORENO-CARVALHO. "Normal cerebrospinal fluid values in full-term gestation and premature neonates." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 56, no. 3A (September 1998): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1998000300005.
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Results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations from 77 high-risk neonates were reviewed. The mean CSF white cells (WBC) count was 4.5 cell/mm³, being two standard deviations above the mean 11.7 cells/mm³ in the full-term gestation neonate group; in the premature neonate one, the mean CSF WBC count was 5.1 cells/mm³, being two standard deviations above the mean 16.7 cell/mm³. PMNs (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) were present in less than 40% of those children, being the mean PMN percentage 4.2% and 0.6%, the mean ANC (absolute neutrophil count) was 0.3/mm³ and 0.06/mm³, in full-term gestation neonate group and premature neonate one, respectively. The mean CSF protein concentration is significantly greater in those premature neonates (101.2 mg/dl) compared with that in term neonates (77.6 mg/dl). The average glucose was just the same in both groups (67 mg/dl). All of these values were from patients who underwent nontraumatic cisternal puncture, with no red blood cells (RBC/mm³=0). Traumatic puncture, even up to 500 RBC/mm³, interfered on CSF parameters.
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Machado, Ângela, Gustavo Rocha, Ana Isabel Silva, Nuno Alegrete, and Hercília Guimarães. "Fraturas Ósseas em uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais." Acta Médica Portuguesa 28, no. 2 (April 30, 2015): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.5660.
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<strong>Introduction:</strong> Fractures during the neonatal period are rare. Some fractures, especially long bones, may occur during birth. Moreover, neonates hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit have an increased risk of fractures for several reasons.<br /><strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate the incidence and characterize fractures in newborns admitted in a tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> A retrospective analysis of the newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with a diagnosis at discharge of one or more bone fractures from January 1996 to June 2013.<br /><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty neonates had one or more fractures. In 76 (95%) infants the fractures were attributed to birth injury. The most common fracture was the clavicle fracture in 60 (79%) neonates, followed by skull fracture in 6 (8%). In two (2.5%) neonates, extremely low birth weight infants, fractures were interpreted as resulting from osteopenia of prematurity. Both had multiple fractures, and one of them with several ribs.<br /><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A change in obstetric practices allied to improvement premature neonate’s care contributed to the decreased incidence of fractures in neonatal period. But in premature infants the diagnosis may be underestimated, given the high risk of fracture that these infants present.
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Shaw, Amy. "Bicarbonate and Chloride Equilibrium and Acid-Base Balance in the Neonate." Neonatal Network 27, no. 4 (July 2008): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.27.4.261.
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MAINTENANCE OF ACID-BASE equilibrium in the neonate is a challenge in the face of illness or prematurity. Neonatal growth and development and the proper functioning of all organ systems of the body are dependent on maintaining a normal serum pH. Neonates encounter in the normal transitional period many stresses that can cause acid-base imbalance. In addition, premature neonates are more susceptible to acid-base imbalance because their compensatory responses are limited. Factors associated with acid-base imbalance seen in the newborn period include respiratory distress, sepsis, hypovolemia, perinatal stressors, and prematurity.1–4
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Ramesh, T. V., Bineet Panigrahi, P. Pranaya, and P. Hima Bindu. "Outcome of neonates born to mothers with premature rupture of membranes." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 4 (June 22, 2018): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20181994.
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Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is defined as rupture of membranes before the onset of labor which is caused by maternal intrauterine infection which increases with the duration of membrane rupture seen in one third cases of all preterm birth. The primary complication for the mother is risk of infection, complications for the newborn consists of prematurity, foetal distress, cord compression, deformation and altered pulmonary development. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the outcome of neonates born to mothers with PROM and know the incidence of adverse outcomes in neonates and the incidence of early onset sepsis following PROM more than 18hours in mothers who have not received intrapartum antibiotics.Methods: Prospective cohort study conducted in between December 2015 to November 2017 in which 100 neonates born to mothers with history of Premature rupture of membranes admitted in Konaseema Institute and Medical Science and Research Foundation, Amalapuram were selected for this study. They were evaluated with various investigations by a written proforma and outcomes of these neonates were studied.Results: Out of 100 cases of PROM 54 had 18-24 hours duration, 38 had 24-72hours and 8 had more than 72 hours duration of PROM. According to swab culture organism found were E Coli in 22, Staphylococcus in 20, Klebsiella in 12, Pseudomonas in 8 cases with rest 38 cases showed no growth. 49 out of 100 cases show morbidity with Respiratory distress being the most common with 37 cases followed by septicaemia with 8 cases. Morbidity are more in the neonate with longer duration (>24hrs) of PROM. Mortality increases progressively as the duration of PROM increases.Conclusions: In neonates born after PROM of >24 hours, risk of maternal infection, neonatal morbidity and mortality is more compared to those with PROM of shorter duration. Active management is needed to enable delivery within 24 hrs of premature rupture of membranes as it is associated with better neonatal outcome compared to longer latency period.
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Elhosny, Ayman, Corné De Vos, and Behrouz Banieghbal. "Necrotizing enterocolitis in term neonates: Possible risk factors." Journal of Neonatal Surgery 9 (September 29, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47338/jns.v9.537.
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Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common surgical disease in premature neonates, however, it may occasionally occur in term neonates. The etiology of NEC in prematurity is multifactorial but is still not well understood in term neonates. In this study, the maternal and neonatal risk factors, along with underlying pathology that may precipitate NEC in term neonates are investigated. Methods: A retrospective study investigating the maternal and neonatal risk factors for NEC in term neonates (G.A ≥37 weeks) was performed over an 8-years period (January 2009 to March 2017). We used the second group of healthy term neonates over the same period as a control group. The data were collected from medical records. Term babies with the primary diagnosis of NEC were included in the review. Premature neonates (G.A <37 weeks) and NEC secondary to intestinal obstruction (e.g. Hirschsprung’s disease) were excluded from the study. Results: Of 194 babies with NEC, 14 were term neonates. Maternal risk factors: maternal age, Rhesus status, nicotine use, medication use, chronic and gestational illness were not found to be significant, however, maternal methamphetamine (MA) abuse was found to be a significant risk factor. Neonatal risk factors: genetic disorder, mode of delivery, type of milk, and invasive procedure were not found to be significant, but the presence of congenital heart disease (CHD) was a significant risk factor. Three neonates with CHD (3/4) in the group of term neonates with NEC also had maternal MA use. Conclusion: NEC in term neonates is rarely encountered. CHD is well known to precipitate the disease in premature or full-term neonates, as also noted in this cohort. MA usage was also noted as a possible underlying cause.
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Zhelev, V. A., S. V. Baranovskaya, Ye V. Mikhalev, G. P. Filippov, V. Yu Serebrov, S. P. Yermolenko, and Yu Yu Popova. "Clinical-biochemical markers of myocardial lesions in premature neonates." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 6, no. 4 (December 30, 2007): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2007-4-86-90.
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Cardial troponin I concentration and creatine phosphokinase MB activity in blood serum was investigated in 63 neonates during the neonatal period. It was revealed that clinical symptoms of myocardial lesions manifest themselves as vegetovisceral disorders in premature neonates. The level of cardiac specific markers depends on gestational age, anthropometric characteristics, and condition at birth.
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Abdelwahab, Amina, Abdelmoneim Khashana, Nesma Ahmed, and Soha Younis. "Correlation between Insulin Like Growth Factor -1 and Anthropometric Measurements of Premature Infants." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 36, no. 1 (October 22, 2016): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v36i1.14453.
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Introduction: It is agreed that insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF- 1) influence growth. IGF-1) is a significant endocrine mediator of growth and encourages cellular propagation, survival, and differentiation. The aim of this study was to correlate insulin like growth factor 1 and anthropometric measurements in the neonatal age of the premature infants.Material and Methods: This study was performed at a level III intensive care unit at Suez Canal university hospital, Ismailia, Egypt. It is a cross sectional analytical study in the period from the March 2014 to September 2014. All cases are premature and were imperiled to history taking, clinical examination includes weight, length, head circumference and measurement of serum (IGF-1).Results: There were a total of 40 neonates. Gestational age extended from 31 to 36 weeks with a mean of 34.32±1.68 weeks; weight ranged from 1.15 to 3.20 kg with a mean of 2.14±0.59 kg and length ranged from 37 to 49 cm with a mean of 43.85±3.25 cm. Regarding neonatal gender, 21 neonates out of 40 neonates (52.5%) were males and 19 neonates (47.5%) were females. Mother’s age ranged from 19 to 35 years with a mean of 27.47±4.46 years. IGF- 1α concentration, it ranged from 13.55 ng/ml to 163.34 ng/ml with a mean of 99.64±32.43 ng/ml and there was statistically significant decrease in neonates with restricted growth when compared to non-restricted growth group (77.67±30.92 ng/ml vs 121.62±13.64 ng/ml respectively).Conclusion: There was significant correlation between IGF-1α and weight and head circumference of preterm neonates.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(1):24-27
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Kandasamy, Y., L. Hartley, and R. Smith. "Retinal microvascular plasticity in a premature neonate." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 8, no. 3 (January 31, 2017): 284–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174416000817.
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Dilation and abnormal tortuosity of retinal vessels are the hallmarks of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants. The stages of ROP are defined by vessel appearance at the interface between the vascular and avascular retinal areas. Deregulated signaling pathways involving hypoxia-inducible factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in the pathogenesis of ROP. VEGF-antagonists are increasingly being used as ‘off-label medication’ to treat this condition, with some success. We present Baby SM (female), who was born prematurely at 24 weeks gestation in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit, and with a birth weight of 640 g. On screening at 35 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), she was noted to have ROP, which became severe by 37 weeks PMA. She received one dose of intravitreal VEGF antagonist (Bevacizumab), resulting in a decrease in vessel tortuosity and dilation. However, repeat imaging at 4 weeks showed a re-emergence of vessel tortuosity. We believe the observed changes demonstrate an inherent retinal microvascular plasticity in premature neonates. With improved survival of extremely premature neonates and the availability of retinal imaging technology, we are now able to observe this plasticity.
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Wild, K. Taylor, Holly L. Hedrick, and Natalie E. Rintoul. "Reconsidering ECMO in Premature Neonates." Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 47, no. 12 (2020): 927–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509243.
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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving intervention for neonates with respiratory failure or congenital cardiac disease refractory to maximal medical management. Early studies showed high rates of mortality and morbidities among preterm and low birthweight (BW) neonates, leading to widely accepted ECMO inclusion criteria of gestational age (GA) ≥34 weeks and BW >2 kg. In recent years, publications involving neonates of 32–34 weeks GA have reported improved survival and decreased intracranial hemorrhage. As such, ECMO should be considered on a case-by-case basis in premature neonates as long as the risks are understood.
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Lee, Seung Jae, Eun Song Song, Hwa Jin Cho, Young Youn Choi, Jae Sook Ma, and Young Kuk Cho. "Rapid Regression of Obstructive Cardiac Rhabdomyoma in a Preterm Neonate after Sirolimus Therapy." Biomedicine Hub 2, no. 1 (March 21, 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000460813.
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Cardiac rhabdomyoma can be subclinical or fatal depending on the onset age, involving site, and the size and degree of invasion. Although most rhabdomyomas become smaller with time, emergency intervention is indicated when severe obstruction induces hemodynamic instability. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have been used to treat neonates and children with hemodynamically obstructive cardiac rhabdomyoma. Herein, we report a premature neonate at the gestational age of 30 + 4 weeks with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstructive cardiac rhabdomyoma who was successfully treated with the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first recorded case of a premature neonate with obstructive cardiac rhabdomyoma who was successfully treated with an mTOR inhibitor. Therefore, sirolimus could be considered as an alternative medical option for managing premature neonates with obstructive cardiac rhabdomyoma.
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Gurel, Selcuk, and Aynur Karadag Gurel. "The link between cord blood IL-1β, TLR4, PGE2 and TAC values with neonatal diseases." Volume 1, Issue 3 1, no. 3 (October 15, 2021): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26900/hsq.1.3.03.
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Premature birth is an important cause of neonatal mortality and neonatal morbidity. Most premature births are known to be induced by cytokines released for different reasons. Inadequate congenital immune response in premature infants may contribute to increased susceptibility to infection. The aim of the study is to determine the IL-1β, TLR4, PGE2, and TAC profiles in cord blood with characteristics specific to pregnancy and the correlation with neonatal complications caused by premature birth. The study included 26 neonates, 11 girls and 15 boys, born from 24-42 weeks of gestation. Of these, 13 were term and 13 were preterm . For IL-β, PG-E2, TLR4 and TAC levels, 1 mL of cord blood sample was taken from preterm and term neonates. Data related to demographic data, clinical status of patients and outcomes were obtained from electronic medical records and files. Cytokine values obtained from premature neonates were statistically high in terms of TLR4, IL1 and PGE2 compared to term infants. The TRL4 and IL1 values for premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis and retinopathy of prematurity were lower compared to those without NEC and ROP. In spite of negative correlations between TAC and the other three cytokines, a statistically significant correlation was not identified. TLR4, IL1 and PGE2 were negatively correlated with weight and gestational week, contrarily TAC measurements were positively correlated with weight and gestational week. Measurements of cytokine concentrations in cord blood are among important biomarkers showing degree of inflammation and may assist in predicting neonatal complications and play an effective role in development of specific treatments.
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Abdel Hamid, Enas R., Walaa H. Ali, Ashraf Azmy, Hanaa H. Ahmed, Lobna S. Sherif, and Maysa T. Saleh. "Oxidative Stress and Anti-Oxidant Markers in Premature Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 17 (August 30, 2019): 2858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.534.
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BACKGROUND: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) caused by decreased surfactant and structural lung immaturity. The imbalance between oxidative status and antioxidant defence system was suggested to be an important trigger for lung affection with RDS.
AIM: The goal of the current research was to elucidate the significance of the oxidant/ antioxidant status in the pathogenesis of RDS in preterm infants.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This controlled study included 31 preterm neonates with RDS and 36 healthy preterm neonates. Quantification level of oxidative stress biomarkers; malondialdehyde (MDA) & hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) along with antioxidant enzymes activity; catalase (CAT) & superoxide dismutase (SOD) in plasma of healthy premature neonates compared with those with RDS.
RESULTS: status of oxidative stress markers (MDA & H2O2) showed a significant increase with decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes activity (CAT & SOD) in neonates with RDS when compared to healthy prematures.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study indicate that the increased oxidative stress accompanied by reduced antioxidant defences may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of respiratory distress in preterm newborns.
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Ljustina, Sasa, Ivana Berisavac, Milica Berisavac, Ljudmila Kovacevic-Vukolic, Vesna Velickovic-Aleksic, and Nebojsa Markovic. "Analysis of intracranial hemorrhage grade in preterm singleton pregnancies delivered vaginally or by cesarean section." Vojnosanitetski pregled 70, no. 3 (2013): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1303255l.
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Background/Aim. Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality. Periventricular hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (PVH-IVH) remains a significant cause of both morbidity and mortality in infants prematurely born. The aim of the study was to evaluate the perinatal outcome regarding IVH of premature babies according to the mode of delivery. Methods. A total of 126 women in preterm singleton pregnancies with vertex presentation and 126 neonates weighted from 750 g to 1,500 g at birth were enrolled. The outcomes of 64 neonates born vaginally were compared to 62 neonates born by cesarean section. Results. There was no significant difference in the incidence of IVH among both groups. Conclusion. Our data is consistent with the hypothesis that the mode of delivery does not influence IVH and consenquently perinatal outcome in preterm neonates.
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DUNN, MICHAEL S. "Predicting Risk for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia." Pediatrics 86, no. 5 (November 1, 1990): 788–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.86.5.788.
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As technology and understanding have progressed, allowing perinatologists to save smaller and increasingly immature neonates, there has been an increase in the number of premature neonates requiring prolonged support with assisted ventilation and supplemental oxygen. The term bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was originally applied to relatively large preterm neonates undergoing a predictable sequence of change from severe respiratory distress syndrome to severe chronic obstructive lung disease.1 This typical pattern is frequently not seen in the ventilator- or oxygen-dependent preterm neonates found in today's neonatal intensive care units. The term BPD is still, however, commonly applied to the condition of prolonged (ie, >28 days) supplemental oxygen dependence in the premature baby.2,3
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Mannix, Mary K., Danielle Blood, Oscar G. Gomez-Duarte, and Lauren Davidson. "Necrotizing Enterocolitis in a 34-Week Premature Infant with COVID-19." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2021 (December 23, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1442447.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory infection caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While SARS-CoV-2 is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults, COVID-19 also affects newborn infants in nurseries and the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). The majority of infected neonates are believed to acquire SARS-CoV-2 by horizontal transmission, and most of them have asymptomatic or mild symptomatic infections. In rare cases, infants with COVID-19 may have severe complications resulting in death. We report a case of COVID-19 in a premature neonate born at 34 weeks gestational age who presented with hypothermia and respiratory distress and subsequently developed clinical and radiological signs of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The neonate received medical management, including antibiotics, suspension of gastric feeds, and intensive NICU support. The neonate’s clinical condition improved without surgical intervention, and after 10 days of antibiotics and gradual reestablishment of gastric feeds, patient health condition returned to normal, and weeks later, he was discharged home. COVID-19 in infants is frequently asymptomatic or associated with mild disease, and in rare cases, it may be associated with severe gastrointestinal complications including NEC.
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Mukakarake, Marie Goretti, Albert Ndagijimana, Eva Adomako, Abraham Zerihun, Calliope Akintije Simba, Arthur Kamariyagwe, Philemon Mwiseneza, Francoise Kampire, Augustin Bahufite, and Rex Wong. "Quality improvement project to increase compliance of administration of corticosteroids and aminophylline in neonatal department of Mibilizi District Hospital." On the Horizon 24, no. 4 (September 12, 2016): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oth-07-2016-0041.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe how the hospital influenced the practice of corticosteroids and aminophylline administration by applying strategic problem solving. Under five child mortality is a challenge in Rwanda. Although it has been shown that administering corticosteroids and aminophylline can reduce the mortality of premature neonates, the use of these medications were low at Mibilizi District Hospital in Rwanda. Design/methodology/approach This project used a pre- and post-intervention study design, utilizing patient file audit to evaluate the impact of our intervention on the compliance of corticosteroids administration to pregnant mothers in premature labour and aminophylline to premature neonates, using the Strategic Problem Solving approach. Findings The intervention significantly increased the rate of giving corticosteroids to mothers at risk of premature delivery from 26 per cent to 60 per cent p-value = 0.009. The provision of aminophylline to premature neonates under 34 weeks of gestation significantly increased from 65 per cent to 100 per cent p-value = 0.002. Practical implications This study illustrates how a multidisciplinary team was able to use the eight steps of strategic problem solving to increase the administration rates of corticosteroids and aminophylline. The hospital should continue to support quality improvement efforts using strategic problem solving approach to prevent premature neonatal deaths and improve quality of care. Originality/value Findings from this study may be useful for hospitals in resource-challenged settings seeking to improve the administration of corticosteroids and aminophylline to prevent premature neonatal deaths.
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Hirooka, Tatiana Mattos, Ricardo Braganca de Vasconcellos Fontes, Edna Maria Diniz, Fernando Campos Pinto, and Hamilton Matushita. "Cerebral abscess caused by Serratia marcescens in a premature neonate." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 65, no. 4a (December 2007): 1018–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2007000600021.
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BACKGROUND: Cerebral abscesses are extremely rare in neonates. Serratia marcescens is an unusual cause of sepsis and neurological spread is especially ominous. PURPOSE: To report the case of a 34-week neonate who developed this rare condition and to discuss diagnostic and therapeutic measures. CASE REPRT: A 34-week male neonate sequentially developed respiratory distress syndrome, early sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis; later cultures revealed S. marcescens. After deterioration, a cerebral abscess became evident, which revealed S. marcescens. Clinical improvement ensued after high-dose amikacin and meropenem. CONCLUSION: Clinical signs are often non-specific. Proper diagnostic measures, neurosurgical consultation and aggressive antibiotic therapy are essential for these high-risk neonates.
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Acosta Farina, Daniel, Diego León-Ochoa, Karen Serrano-Concha, Manuel Cabrera-Viteri, Jorge Oliveros-Rivero, and Daniel Acosta-Bowen. "Intussusception in a premature newborn: A case report." Journal of Neonatal Surgery 10 (June 18, 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47338/jns.v10.959.
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Background: Intussusception is rare in the neonatal period and even less common in premature babies. Case Presentation: We present a case of a premature newborn with an insidious clinical picture characterized by irritability and multiple vomits. Ultrasound was diagnostic of intussusception. The baby had a jejunal intussusception without any pathological lead point, with a favorable outcome. Conclusion: Intussusception is a rare cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction especially in premature neonates.
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Thorp, James A., Robert D. White, Kimberly L. Westergom, and Mary A. O???Connor. "Intracranial Haemorrhage in Premature Neonates." CNS Drugs 11, no. 6 (1999): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00023210-199911060-00002.
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Case-Smith, J., P. Cooper, and V. Scala. "Feeding Efficiency of Premature Neonates." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 43, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.43.4.245.
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Kanter, David E. "MEDICAL ERRORS IN PREMATURE NEONATES." Critical Care Medicine 30, Supplement (December 2002): A143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200212001-00489.
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Flanagan, Keri Ann. "Noninvasive Ventilation in Premature Neonates." Advances in Neonatal Care 16, no. 2 (April 2016): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/anc.0000000000000273.
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Agrons, Geoffrey A. "Lung Disease in Premature Neonates." Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology 25, no. 5 (February 2002): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00219246-200225050-00001.
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Kaur, Sumandeep, and Navdeep S. Sidhu. "Evidence Based Skin Care in Preterm Neonates- A Short Review." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 7 (August 2, 2021): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210754.
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Preterm neonates are the neonates born alive before completion of 37 weeks of gestation. Prematurity is the real threat for survival of these neonates, especially those who are very-preterm (less than 32 weeks). In developing countries due to lack of basic care such as maintenance of warm chain, breast feeding support, infection control and scarcity of resources to tackle respiratory difficulties; the mortality in preterm infants is very high. Good skin care is a critical component of the basic neonatal care, that can directly reduce complications of prematurity as well address issues arising during the handling of these preterm infants such as injuries due to adhesives or devices, skin dryness, the use of skin emollients and disinfectants etc. In contemporary era, evidence-based practices are the need of hour to guide clinical practice. There are limited research articles dealing with skin care in preterm neonates that offer strong recommendations for skin care modalities. In this short review, the authors have compiled the recent evidences to address various issues related to skin care in very preterm neonates. In this article the evidences related to bathing practices in preterm infants, and the use of disinfectants and emollients for premature skin care has been discussed; besides making general recommendation related to skin care in preterm infants. Keywords: Preterm, skin care, emollients, disinfectant, neonate, prematurity, premature skin.
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Jašić, Mladen, Dorotea Drašković, Ivona Butorac Ahel, and Darko Kraguljac. "Epidemiological characteristics of premature infants born at General Hospital Pula in a five-year-period (2012-2016)." Medicina Fluminensis 57, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21860/medflum2021_371642.
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Aim: To summarize our five-year experience in management of premature infants at our second level neonatal facility. Patients and methods: This prospective birth cohort study was performed at the Division of Neonatology (level 2), Department of Paediatrics, General hospital Pula during a five-year-period (January 1st 2012 – December 31st 2016). The study population included all live-born neonates born between 22nd and 37th gestational week. Results: During the above mentioned five-year-period, 289 premature infants were born at General Hospital Pula. One-hundred and sixty seven (58%) neonates were delivered vaginally and 122 (42%) were delivered by caesarean section. Nineteen (7%) neonates were born after in vitro fertilization. Infants were mostly male (N=167; 58%), and appropriate for gestational age (N=240; 83%). Also, the infants belonged mostly to the late-preterm group (N=245; 85%). Thirty-three premature infants (11%) were transferred to a tertiary paediatric centre and five neonates died (2%). The overall cost of hospital stay for hospitalized premature infants was 2,517,000 Croatian kunas (cost for one patient: median 4800, range 3,225-53,325); in euros, it was 335,600 (cost for one patient: median 640, range 430-7,110) respectively. The overall hospital stay was 10.01±8.30 days (median 8.00, range 1.00-67.00). Conclusion: Despite the great development of neonatal intensive care, the best prevention of complications related to prematurity is to prevent preterm labour.
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EFRIZA, EFRIZA. "GAMBARAN FAKTOR RISIKO RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME PADA NEONATUS DI RSUP DR M. DJAMIL PADANG." HEALTHY : Jurnal Inovasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan 1, no. 2 (April 8, 2022): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v1i2.1064.
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Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is one of the main causes of respiratory failure and death in neonates, so it can increase morbidity and mortality in neonates. The risk factors for Respiratory Distress Syndrome in neonates can be from the baby, mother or delivery method. The purpose of this study was to describe the risk factors for Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in neonates at Dr. M. Djamil Padang. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with a retrospective design. The population of this study were all neonatal patients who had been diagnosed by doctors with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) at Dr. RSUP. M. Djamil Padang from January to December 2019 with 59 samples using the total sampling technique. The measuring instrument used medical record data and analyzed using univariate test and presented in the form of frequency distribution table and percentage. All neonates suffering from RDS were aged 0 – 7 days (100%) of which the majority were male (54.2%) and most were born with a weight < 2500 grams (96.6%) with a gestational age of < 37 weeks (96 ,6%). Neonates born to their mothers experienced Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) 11.9%, maternal diabetes 3.4%, hypertension 55.9% and oligohydramnios 8.5% and 94, 9% of neonates suffering from RDS were born by caesarean section. ABSTRAKRespiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kegagalan pernafasan dan kematian pada neonatal, sehingga dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas pada neonatus. Faktor risiko Respiratory Distress Syndrome pada neonatus bisa dari faktor bayi, ibu maupun cara persalinan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko terjadinya Respiratory Distress Syndrome pada neonatus di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif observasional dengan rancangan retrospective study. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua pasien neonatus yang telah didiagnosis oleh dokter menderita Respiratory Distress Syndrome di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari Januari sampai Desember 2019 dengan 59 sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Alat ukur menggunakan data rekam medik dan dianalisa menggunakan uji univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Neonatus yang menderita RDS semuanya berusia 0 – 7 hari (100%) yang mayoritasnya adalah laki-laki (54,2%) dan paling banyak lahir dengan berat badan < 2500 gram (96,6%) dengan usia kehamilan < 37 minggu (96,6%). Neonatus yang lahir dengan ibunya mengalami Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) sebanyak 11,9%, yang mengalami diabetes maternal sebanyak 3,4%, yang mengalami hipertensi sebanyak 55,9% dan yang mengalami oligohidramnion sebanyak 8,5% serta sebesar 94,9% neonatus yang menderita RDS dilahirkan dengan cara persalinan sectio caesarea.
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Vasconcelos, Maria Gorete Lucena de, Ana Paula de Lima, Priscilla Barbosa, and Rosielle Costa de Brito. "Prevalence of prematurity in neonatal unit of internment a hospital school in Recife city, Brazil." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 4, no. 4 (October 9, 2010): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.1085-9545-1-le.0404201014.
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ABSTRACTObjective: to verify the prevalence of premature births between the months of January 2007 to December 2007, in a neonatal ICU at a University Hospital in the city of Recife-PE. Methodology: this is a descriptive study, exploratory and transversal, from quantitative methodology. The sample was taken from 1738 charts of newborns admitted at the neonatal ICU in 2007; of those 364 were premature newborns. The data collection started after authorization by the Ethic and Research Committee of the Health Sciences Center. The data was analyzed by the EPI-INFO 3.3.2 software. It was used descriptive statistics with simple frequency distribution. Results: The prevalence of prematurity during the studied period was 21%. Mother’s age ranged mainly from 20 to 35 years old (64.3%) and 38.7% of them had 4 to 7 years of study. Of the total of the pregnant women 42.9% went to 4-5 prenatal appointments and most of the neonates were moderate premature with gestational age at birth between 31 and 34 weeks. Conclusion: Premature births represented a high percentage of the total births in the study. We recommend educational activities compatible with the level of instruction and age of the pregnant women to prevent premature births. Descriptors: prenatal care, prenatal care, risk factors, pregnancy high risk, premature birth.RESUMOObjetivo: verificar a prevalência de prematuridade no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2007, em uma Unidade de Internação Neonatal de um hospital-escola do Recife, PE. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, exploratório e transversal, com metodologia quantitativa. A população foi composta por 1738 prontuários de recém-nascidos admitidos na unidade de internação neonatal em 2007, sendo a amostra constituída por 364 prontuários de recém-nascidos pré-termos. A coleta de dados foi iniciada após parecer favorável do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro de Ciências da Saúde (ofício 197/2008). Os dados foram analisados no software EPI-INFO versão 3.3.2. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva com distribuições de frequências simples. Resultados: a prevalência de prematuridade no período estudado foi de 21%. A idade materna se concentrou entre 20 e 35 anos (64,3%) e 38,7% tinham de 4-7 anos de estudo. Os achados revelaram que 42,9% das gestantes realizaram de 4-5 consultas pré-natal e a maioria (50,8%) foi de prematuro moderado, com idade gestacional entre 31 a 34 semanas. Conclusão: a ocorrência de partos prematuros mostrou-se elevada, recomendamos atividades de educação em saúde adequadas ao nível instrucional e faixa etária das gestantes para prevenção do parto prematuro. Descritores: assistência perinatal; assistência pré-natal; fatores de risco; gravidez de alto risco; nascimento prematuro. RESUMENObjetivo: determinar la prevalencia de prematuridad en el período de enero a diciembre de 2007 en una unidad neonatal de un hospital escuela - Recife. Métodología: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio y transversal con el método cuantitativo. La población fué compuesta por 1.738 registros médicos de los neonatos admitidos en la unidad de internamiento neonatal de 2007, y 364 registros médicos de los recién-nacidos precoz formabam la muestra. La recogida de datos se inició después de la aprobación del Comité de Ética en Investigación del Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, CCS / UFPE. Los datos fueron analizados en el software Epi-Info versión 3.3.2. La estadística descriptiva con distribuciones de frecuencia simple fue la utilizada. Resultados: la prevalencia de la prematuridad durante el período de estudio fue de 21%. La edad materna se concentra entre el 20 y 35 años (64,3%) y el 38,7% tenía 04 a 07 años de estúdio. Los resultados revelaron que el 42,9% de las mujeres embarazadas habían hecho 04 a 05 consultas prenatales y la mayoría (50,8%) fueron moderadamente prematuros, con edad gestacional entre 31 a 34 semanas. Conclusión: La incidencia de partos prematuros se mostró elevada, recomendamonos actividades de educación sanitaria adecuada a la edad y nivel de instrucción de las gestantes para la prevención del parto prematuro. Descriptores: atención perinatal; atención prenatal; factores de riesgo; embarazo de alto riesgo; nacimiento prematuro.
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Spasojevic, Slobodan, Georgios Konstantinidis, and Aleksandra Doronjski. "Morbidity and mortality of premature neonates after introduction of national in vitro fertilisation programme: Our experience." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 138, no. 1-2 (2010): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1002067s.
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Introduction. Infertility occurs in approximately10% of couples and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) is its most efficient treatment method. The National IVF Programme started in October 1st, 2006. Objective. Examination of morbidity and mortality of premature neonates conceived by IVF after initiation of the National IVF Programme. Methods. Retrospective analysis of history charts of IVF premature neonates treated at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Institute of Child and Youth Healthcare of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia, from March 1st, 2007 to March 1st, 2008. Results. Of 189 treated premature neonates, 25 (13.23%) were IVF conceived, with mean gestational age (GA) of 29.46?3.28 gestational weeks (GW), one-minute Apgar score 5.44?2.45, five-minute Apgar score 7.16?1.92 and birth weight (BW) 1299?484.35 g; from singleton 12 (48%), twin 10 (40%), and trigeminal 3 (12%) gestations. The largest number of neonates were of GA between 29 and 31.9 GW (12; 48%) and BW between 1500 and 2499 g (9; 36%). All of them were treated due to respiratory distress syndrome, complicated in 2 (8%) with air leak syndromes and in 4 (16%) with pulmonary haemorrhage. Congenital anomalies were detected in 2 (8%) and intracranial haemorrhage developed subsequently in 21 (84%) neonates. Lethal outcome occurred in 7 (28%) neonates, in all cases in lower gestation groups (<29 GW). Variable analysis showed significantly higher incidence of chorioamnionitis (p=0.0004) and lower GA (p~0.00), BW (p~0.00), one-minute Apgar score (p=0.0007) as well as significant difference in prophylactic surfactant application (p~0.00) and mean arterial pressure on admission (p=0.002). Conclusion. Morbidity and mortality of IVF premature neonates does not differ significantly from that of other premature neonates treated at NICU. Prematurity and low BW are important factors in pathology of these neonates and final outcome is influenced by perinatal asphyxia, risk of systemic infection, prophylactic surfactant application and arterial hypotension.
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Madan, Juliette C., Richard Cowper Salari, Deepti Saxena, Lisa Davidson, George A. O'Toole, Jason H. Moore, Mitchell L. Sogin, et al. "Gut microbial colonisation in premature neonates predicts neonatal sepsis." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 97, no. 6 (May 6, 2012): F456—F462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fetalneonatal-2011-301373.
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Arens, Jutta, Mark Schoberer, Anne Lohr, Thorsten Orlikowsky, Matthias Seehase, Reint K. Jellema, Jennifer J. Collins, Boris W. Kramer, Thomas Schmitz-Rode, and Ulrich Steinseifer. "NeonatOx: A Pumpless Extracorporeal Lung Support for Premature Neonates." Artificial Organs 35, no. 11 (October 14, 2011): 997–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2011.01324.x.
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Rocha, Aline Beatriz Oliveira, Déborah Santos Frutuoso, Tamires Jesus Souza, Daniela Fagundes de Oliveira, Josenira Nascimento Silva, and Andrey Ferreira da Silva. "Conhecimento da enfermagem na prevenção de lesões em prematuros." Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem 12, no. 37 (March 5, 2022): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/rrecien2022.12.37.34-44.
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A importância de conhecer os cuidados da equipe de enfermagem para prevenção de lesão em neonatos ocorre devido ao alto risco destes pacientes desenvolverem lesões de pele, com elevadas taxas de incidência e prevalência. Conhecer as evidências cientificas disponíveis na literatura sobre as principais medidas de prevenção de lesões de pele em recém-nascidos prematuros. Revisão integrativa da literatura nacional e internacional. A coleta foi realizada nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literatura Análise e Retrieval System on-line, Public Medline e as bibliotecas virtuais Scientific Electronic Library Online. Com descritores: Pele, Prevenção, Prematuro, Recém-nascido prematuro. A amostra foi composta por 8 artigos, após análise da seleção. O conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem, que atuam na assistência ao prematuro, sobre as medidas de prevenção de lesões de pele é fundamental para identificação dos fatores de risco e promoção do cuidado seguro.
Descritores: Enfermagem, Pele, Prevenção, Prematuro.
Knowledge of nursing in the prevention of injuries in premature infants
Abstract: The importance of knowing the care of the nursing team to prevent injury in neonates occurs due to the high risk of these patients developing skin lesions, with high rates of incidence and prevalence. To know the scientific evidence available in the literature on the main measures to prevent skin lesions in premature newborns. Integrative review of national and international literature. The collection was carried out in the databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature Health Sciences, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System online, Public Medline and the virtual libraries Scientific Electronic Library Online. With descriptors: Skin, Prevention, Premature, Premature newborn. The sample consisted of 8 articles, after analysis of the selection. The knowledge of nursing professionals, who work in the care of preterm infants, about the measures to prevent skin injuries is essential to identify risk factors and promote safe care.
Descriptors: Nursing, Skin, Prevention, Premature.
Conocimientos de enfermería en la prevención de lesiones en prematuros
Resumen: La importancia de conocer los cuidados del equipo de enfermería para prevenir lesiones en los neonatos se da por el alto riesgo de que estos pacientes desarrollen lesiones cutáneas, con altas tasas de incidencia y prevalencia. Conocer la evidencia científica disponible en la literatura sobre las principales medidas para prevenir lesiones cutáneas en recién nacidos prematuros. Revisión integradora de literatura nacional e internacional. La recolección se realizó en las bases de datos: Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Sistema de Análisis y Recuperación de Literatura Médica en línea, Public Medline y las bibliotecas virtuales Scientific Electronic Library Online. Con descriptores: Piel, Prevención, Prematuro, Recién nacido prematuro. La muestra estuvo conformada por 8 artículos, previo análisis de la selección. El conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería, que trabajan en el cuidado del prematuro, sobre las medidas para prevenir las lesiones cutáneas es fundamental para identificar los factores de riesgo y promover una atención segura.
Descriptores: Enfermería, Piel, Prevención, Prematuro.
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Charan Murmu, Mangal, Ratikanta Mahala, Jyoti Ranjan Champatiray, and Madhusmita Pradhan. "Outcome of neonates born to mothers with premature rupture of membranes." Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences 11, no. 2 (August 15, 2021): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2021.043.
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Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a syndrome characterized by rupture of the fetal membranes before labour. Acute chorioamnionitis complicates 0.5% - 10% of all pregnancies but the incidence may be as high as 3-25% in pregnancies complicated by PROM of more than 24 hours duration. Intrauterine infection specially chorioamnionitis is one of the most serious problems found by the practicing Obstetrician and subsequently by the Pediatrician. The incidence of neonatal infection for infants born to women with PROM range from 1 – 2.6%. To know the incidence, clinical course, outcome of early onset sepsis following PROM more than 18 hours. Materials & Methods: This is a prospective study conducted from December 2018 to September 2020 in SCB Medical College and Hospital and SVPPGIP Cuttack. All neonates born to healthy mothers with PROM more than 18 hours during their hospital stay were studied. 53.3% of the cases had Premature rupture of membranes of 18-24 hours duration,38.3% cases had Premature rupture of membranes of 24 to 72 hour and 8.4 % cases had Premature rupture of membranes of more than 72 hr. RDS was the most common clinical manifestation (37.5%) followed by septicemia (10%), meningitis (1.7%) and pneumonia 1.7%. Most common organisms isolated in blood culture were Staphylococcus followed by Klebsiella, E. coli, Pseudomonas. The incidence of neonatal infection in neonates born to mothers with PROM was 10%. Premature rupture of membranes is responsible for increased perinatal morbidity among preterm neonates & directly proportional to duration of PROM.
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Salis, Emma R., David M. Reith, Roland S. Broadbent, Benjamin J. Wheeler, and Natalie J. Medlicott. "EXTREMELY PREMATURE NEONATES EXHIBIT INSULIN RESISTANCE." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 1 (December 14, 2015): e1.55-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-310148.59.
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IntroductionPreterm birth disrupts normal timing of physiological adaptation of insulin secretion putting premature neonates at risk of abnormal glucose homeostasis. The insulin/C-peptide (I/CP) ratio gives an indication of insulin clearance but has not been reported in neonates. Premature neonates have significantly higher fasting levels of GLP-1 than adults that increase even further with feeding.AimsTo determine I/CP and insulin/blood glucose level (I/BGL) ratios in neonates and the effect of postmenstrual age (PMA) on these measures. To determine GLP-1 concentrations in never-fed versus fed neonates.MethodsPlasma samples were obtained from 102 neonates admitted to Dunedin Hospital NICU. Plasma was analysed for insulin and C-peptide using chemiluminescent kits (Invitron, UK), GLP-1 and glucagon using ELISA (BioCore Pty Ltd, Australia). Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/IC (v11.2).ResultsThe PMA range was 24–51.3 weeks. The median I/CP ratio was 0.44, 95% CI (0.44, 0.61). The median I/BGL ratio was 9.3, 95% CI (8.2, 10.6). Linear regressions of ln-transformed data were performed. I/CP and I/BGL ratios were significantly affected by PMA (p<0.01). Negative correlations were found (r=−0.21 and −0.35 for I/CP and I/BGL respectively, p<0.01) and I/CP changed around 34 weeks. Insulin concentrations were negatively correlated (r=−0.38, p<0.01) with increasing PMA. ANOVA showed higher GLP-1 concentrations (p=0.011) in fed versus never-fed neonates.ConclusionsThese findings indicate insulin resistance in premature neonates prior to 34 weeks gestation. The significantly higher GLP-1 concentrations in fed neonates confirm that GLP-1 increases with the establishment of feeding.
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Islam, Abu Daud Md Shariful, Md Abdul Aziz, Md Shahjahan, and Md Ayub Ali. "Neonatal Gastric Perforation." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v11i1.30666.
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Introduction: Neonatal Gastric Perforation is a rare but life threatening condition. Its incidence is reportedly to be 1 in 5000 live births. In most cases, the underlying cause could not be precisely determined. Prematurity, low birth weight, mechanical stress, and male gender are important factors.Objectives: The objective of this study is to share the experience of neonatal gastric perforation in Dhaka Shishu Hospital with regard to etiology, clinical presentation and surgical outcome.Materials and Methods: This retrospective study of seven neonates with Gastric Perforation was carried out at Dhaka Shishu Hospital from July 2008 to June 2011. The data reviewed included birth weight, gestational age at birth, age at presentation, clinical manifestations, pathological findings and outcome.Results: There were 5 male and 2 female neonates among them 3 were mature and 4 were premature. The average birth weight was 2.67 kg. Associated anomalies were present in 2 neonates (28.57%). Four patients had perforations in the greater curvature of stomach (57.14%), 2 in the anterior wall (28.57%), and 1 in the posterior wall (14.28%). The overall mortality in our series was 57.14%. The overall mortality of reported series was 48.91%. Among them thirty three were premature with 75.75% mortality, and 59 were term neonates with 33.89% mortality.Conclusion: Premature and low birth weight neonates are at increased risk of gastric perforation as well as mortality from it.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(1) 2015: 34-37