Academic literature on the topic 'Premenstrual phase'
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Journal articles on the topic "Premenstrual phase"
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Bryant, M., K. P. Truesdale, and L. Dye. "Modest changes in dietary intake across the menstrual cycle: implications for food intake research." British Journal of Nutrition 96, no. 5 (2006): 888–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bjn20061931.
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Food intake varies across the menstrual cycle in mammals, energy intake usually being greater in the premenstrual phase compared with the postmenstrual phase. Premenstrual increments in energy intake and a preferential selection of carbohydrate have been suggested to be greater in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), who may be more sensitive to cyclical hormonal or neurotransmitter fluctuations. This has direct implications for research within populations of women, especially where the primary outcome is diet or a change in energy balance. We aimed to determine whether: the premenstrual intake of energy and macronutrients differed from the postmenstrual intake; the change in intake across the menstrual cycle differed in women with PMS compared with controls; and the change in intake was related to the severity of premenstrual symptoms. We collected 3 d dietary intake data during the postmenstrual and premenstrual phases of the menstrual cycle in thirty-one women with PMS and twenty-seven control women. The consumption of energy and macronutrient intake were similar between the phases of the cycle in women with PMS. Conversely, intakes were usually greater premenstrually in control women, although not all differences were statistically significant. Exceptions were with non-milk extrinsic sugars and alcohol, which were both consumed in greater amounts in the premenstrual phase in women with PMS. Significant correlations were observed between the severity of symptoms and the change in the consumption of these nutrients. These data suggest that a consideration of the menstrual cycle phase and PMS in diet may not be warranted, especially in cross-sectional analysis, although it may need to be taken into account when examining change in intake during dietary interventions.
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O'Boyle, Michael, Sally K. Severino, and Stephen W. Hurt. "Premenstrual Syndrome and Locus of Control." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 18, no. 1 (1989): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hmnx-9v7j-652x-pwj4.
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Seventy-six women completed a three-month prospective evaluation for premenstrual syndrome (PMS). As a part of the evaluation, they completed Rotter's Locus of Control (LOC) form in the follicular phase and premenstrually. It was found that the LOC scores of women meeting criteria for PMS rose significantly (became more “external”) premenstrually, while scores of women without PMS did not show significant change. In addition, the premenstrual LOC scores of women meeting criteria for PMS were significantly higher than were scores of the non-PMS women. The results are consistent with the idea that cycle related changes in self-perception occur in women demonstrating PMS symptomatology.
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Klebanov, Pamela Kato, and John B. Jemmott. "Effects of Expectations and Bodily Sensations on Self-Reports of Premenstrual Symptoms." Psychology of Women Quarterly 16, no. 3 (1992): 289–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1992.tb00256.x.
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Two experiments examined expectations and bodily sensations in premenstrual symptom reports. Women took a fictitious test that indicated they were either “premenstrual” or “intermenstrual.” In Experiment 1, 48 women were studied during their premenstrual phase. In Experiment 2, 82 women were studied during either their premenstrual or intermenstrual phase. Individual differences in retrospective premenstrual distess were assessed prior to the experiments. Both experiments revealed that the higher the woman's retrospective reports of premenstrual distress, the more symptoms she reported in the lab during her premenstrual phase, regardless of what the test indicated. However, women who were told they were premenstrual reported greater symptoms than women who were told they were intermenstrual. In summary, although expectations affect women's symptom reports regardless of their actual phase and history of reported symptoms, premenstrual symptom reports cannot be dismissed as simply expectations, because some women do experience greater symptoms as they approach menstruation.
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Siniatchkin, M., N. Averkina, and WD Gerber. "Relationship between Precipitating Agents and Neurophysiological Abnormalities in Migraine." Cephalalgia 26, no. 4 (2006): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2006.01061.x.
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The particular mechanisms of migraine anticipation by different precipitating agents are still unknown. The contingent negative variation (CNV) was recorded in the premenstrual and ovulation phases of the cycle in both rest and stress conditions in 17 migraine and 15 healthy women. In migraineurs a significant increase of amplitude of the initial CNV component in the premenstrual phase compared with ovulation was observed. During both the ovulation and premenstrual phases both migraineurs and controls demonstrated a significant increase of the CNV amplitude on stress. The increase of the amplitude on stress in the premenstrual phase was more pronounced in migraineurs. This study shows that stress and menstrual cycle are associated with changes of the initial CNV amplitude, probably indicating a higher probability of migraine attacks.
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Udayakumar, Karthika Priyadharshini, Annachira Kushalappa Jayamala, Pavithra Sureshkumar, Latha Radhakrishnan, Tamilselvan Kuppusamy, and Senthil Velou Munian. "ASSESMENT OF STRESS AND COGNITION DURING DIFFERENT PHASES OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE AMONG YOUNG HEALTHY FEMALES." International Journal of Basic and Applied Physiology 7, no. 1 (2018): 55–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4481373.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Mental stress refers to change in psycho-physiological state that people experience during demanding cognitive activity. The Hypothalamo-Pituitary Adrenal axis reactivity shifts during the adolescent period resulting in stress induced hormonal responses. Stress and cognitive function varies during different phases of menstrual cycle. Hence this study was chosen to find the relation between stress and cognition during different phases of menstrual cycle among adolescent females. AIM: To compare the stress and cognition during different phases of menstrual cycle among adolescent females. METHODOLOGY: After getting institutional ethical committee clearance the tests were carried out in the department of Physiology, SVMCH&RC, Pondicherry. Stress level with perceived stress scale and cognitive functions like Digit symbol substitution test ,Letter digit substitution test , Mini mental status examination , Wechsler memory scale revised , reaction time and critical flicker fusion frequency were determined during the two phases of menstrual cycle among the female volunteers with regular menstrual cycle (n=30). RESULTS : Stress was decreased (p=0.29) in the proliferative phase compared to the premenstrual phase. Cognition was decreased in the premenstrual phase compared to proliferative phase but was not statistically significant. Simple reaction time (p=0.29), choice reaction time (p=0.25) were decreased and CFFF (p=0.24) increased in the proliferative phase compared to premenstrual phase. CONCLUSION : Increase in stress in the premenstrual period is associated with decrease in the cognition among the female adolescents. Thus apart from scholastic activities extra- curricular activities like music, YOGA, dance and physical training can be encouraged to decrease their stress level.
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Pakharenko, Lyudmyla V., Yuri P. Vdovichenko, Nataliia Ya Kurtash, et al. "ESTRADIOL BLOOD LEVEL AND ESR1 GENE POLYMORPHISM IN WOMEN WITH PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 12 (2020): 2581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202012105.
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The aim: To evaluate the association between estrogen receptor (ESR1) α- Xbal polymorphism with estradiol serum blood level in the patients with premenstrual syndrome. Materials and methods: 50 women with premenstrual syndrome and 20 controls were examined. The level of estradiol was measured in the blood serum in both phases of the menstrual cycle by ELISA method. Polymerase chain reaction was used to study ESR1 gene polymorphism (A-351G variant). Results: The estradiol concentration was similar in two phases of the menstrual cycle between healthy women and patients with premenstrual syndrome. But the more growth of estradiol in the luteal phase was determined in the persons with premenstrual syndrome. The rate of GG genotype was the largest in women with severe premenstrual syndrome (χ2=3.52, p=0.06). Also, in the persons with severe premenstrual syndrome who had G allele (GG+AG genotype) the estradiol concentration in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle was on 50.00 % (p=0.02) higher compared to carriers of AA genotype. There was no difference in estradiol level between healthy women with GG+AG genotype and AA genotype. Conclusions: AG polymorphism of ESR1 gene may be the marker of development of premenstrual syndrome.
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Bancroft, John, Ann Cook, David Davidson, John Bennie, and Guy Goodwin. "Blunting of neuroendocrine responses to infusion of L-tryptophan in women with perimenstrual mood change." Psychological Medicine 21, no. 2 (1991): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700020407.
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SYNOPSISThe neuroendocrine response to L-tryptophan infusion was measured at two stages of the menstrual cycle, premenstrually and postmenstrually, in 13 women with and 13 women without premenstrual depression (the MC and NMC groups respectively). Previous studies have shown that in non-depressed women, this challenge test results in an increase in circulating prolactin and growth hormone. In depressed women both responses are blunted. In this study the growth hormone and cortisol responses were smaller in the MC group than the NMC group on both occasions. The prolactin response was blunted premenstrually compared with postmenstrually in both groups. These findings suggest that women who experience premenstrual depression may have neuroendocrine abnormalities throughout the cycle. The neurotransmitter abnormalities reflected in these altered endocrine responses appear to interact with neuroendocrine changes that normally occur premenstrually resulting in a vulnerability to depression at that phase of the cycle.
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Manjula, Jamliya, Patel Jigna, B. Mehta H, and J. Shah C. "EFFECT OF PRE AND POST MENSTRUAL PHASES OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE ON SYMPATHETIC FUNCTION TESTS IN HEALTHY ADULT FEMALES." International Journal of Basic and Applied Physiology 7, no. 1 (2018): 155–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4481724.
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Abstracts: Background: The menstrual cycle is characterized by fluctuations in several hormones, most notably the gonadal steroids, estrogen and progesterone.¹ Sympathetic function tests are the one of the autonomic function tests and it is easy, non invasive test to be carried out. They give us idea about role of gonadal hormone in sympathetic control of cardiovascular system during different phases of menstrual cycle. Aim: Aim of this study is to determine whether fluctuation of reproductive hormone during premenstrual and post menstrual phases affecting sympathetic function tests or not. Objectives: To do and compare sympathetic function tests in pre and post menstrual phase. Methods: Study was carried out in 50 adult healthy female having age group of 26-40 years. Sympathetic function tests were carried out by instrument Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Analyzer (CANS) 504 in Department of Physiology, Government Medical Collage, Bhavnagar. Sympathetic function tests were done using standard protocol and statically analyzed. Results: Statically significant difference was seen between premenstrual phase and postmenstrual phase in all sympathetic function test parameters which includes supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood pressure response to standing and systolic blood pressure response after sustained hand grip test. Interpretation & conclusion: According to this study sympathetic dominance is seen in premenstrual phase of menstrual cycle that may be due to increased level of progesterone and oestrogen in premenstrual phase.
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Hammarbäk, Stefan, Ulla-Britt Ekholm, and Torbjörn Bäckström. "Spontaneous anovulation causing disappearance of cyclical symptoms in women with the premenstrual syndrome." Acta Endocrinologica 125, no. 2 (1991): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1250132.
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Abstract. In the premenstrual syndrome the negative symptoms appear during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Ovulation and the formation of a corpus luteum seem to be of great importance in precipitating the syndrome. In a large group of women with premenstrual syndrome investigated daily with symptom ratings and weekly plasma estradiol and progesterone assays, 8 were found to have one ovulatory and one spontaneously occurring anovulatory menstrual cycle. In both these cycles, the post- and premenstrual phases were compared by testing for recurrence of symptoms. All patients showed a highly significant cyclical worsening of negative premenstrual symptoms during the ovulatory cycles, whereas in the anovulatory cycles the cyclical symptoms disappeared, resulting in relief of the premenstrual syndrome. These results support earlier hypotheses, suggesting that the premenstrual syndrome appears as a result of provoking factors produced by the corpus luteum. This view is in line with earlier therapeutic findings showing that induced anovulation can relieve the premenstrual syndrome.
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Lin, Pai-Cheng, Chih-Hung Ko, Yen-Ju Lin, and Ju-Yu Yen. "Insomnia, Inattention and Fatigue Symptoms of Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (2021): 6192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126192.
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Aim: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) has predictable, cyclic, psychological, and somatic symptoms, such as sleep problems. They result in functional impairment, are aggravated in the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, and are resolved by menstruation. The present study evaluated the insomnia, inattention, and fatigue symptoms of PMDD and their fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Methods: A total of 100 women were diagnosed as having PMDD based on psychiatric interviews and a prospective investigation of three menstrual cycles. A total of 96 individuals without PMDD were recruited as controls. Their symptoms, namely insomnia, inattention, and fatigue as well as functional impairment were assessed by using the premenstrual symptoms screening tool, the Pittsburgh insomnia rating scale, the attention and performance self-assessment scale, and the fatigue-assessment scale during both premenstrual and follicular phases. Results: In both the premenstrual and follicular phases, women with PMDD experienced more severe insomnia, inattentiveness, and fatigue than did women in the control group. A paired t-test demonstrated that women with PMDD had more severe severity insomnia, inattentiveness, and fatigue in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase. A repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated that the interaction period of PMDD and a menstrual cycle was significantly associated with insomnia, inattentiveness, and fatigue. A further correlation analysis demonstrated that all three symptoms were positively associated with self-reported functional impairment due to PMDD. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that women with PMDD experienced an exacerbation of insomnia, memory problems, difficulty maintaining focus, and fatigue in the premenstrual phase. These symptoms are correlated with PMDD symptoms severity and functional impairment, and as such, they should be evaluated, and interventions should be employed in the late luteal phase of women with PMDD.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Premenstrual phase"
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Kudlas, Jane Michele. "Low-fat diet vs. education support in the treatment of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39719.
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A treatment outcome study was conducted comparing a low-fat diet intervention with an education-support group and a waiting-list control group in the treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome (PMS) or Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder (LLPDD). Subjects met provisional diagnostic criteria for LLPDD and symptoms were monitored prospectively. A low-fat diet was hypothesized too be an effective intervention for reducing the severity of both physical and emotional symptoms in women suffering from LLPDD. This was based on the theory relating raised estrogen levels to premenstrual distress, and research suggesting low-fat diets reduce estrogen levels.
The hypothesis that a low-fat diet would decrease premenstrual suffering was not supported by the results of this study. However, there appeared to be an advantage to participating in a group which provided support and information on LLPDD compared to receiving no treatment. Implications for future research, treatment recommendations, and methodological issues are discussed.<br>Ph. D.
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Pisano, Bonnie S. "Late luteal phase dysphoric disorder symptoms (PMS) among women presenting for counseling services." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720149.
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Changes in mood, behavior, and physiology, beginning in the post-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle and ending with the onset of menstruation, have been called premenstrual syndrome, or PMS, and have been the focus of much investigation. Research to date has demonstrated greater emotional arousal and distress experienced by women during the luteal phase of the cycle as opposed to the follicular phase. This study collected descriptive profiles of current mood states, physiological symptoms, and menstrual cycle information from 62 women on the day on which they presented to a university counseling center for psychological services. It was hypothesized that a larger proportion of individuals would present on a walk-in basis for intake during the luteal phase of the cycle as opposed to the follicular phase. This hypothesis was tested with Chi-Square analysis of differences in frequency of subjects in each of the two phase groups. The second hypothesis was that individuals in the luteal phase would display higher levels of mood disturbance (as measured by the Profile of Mood States and the Beck Depression Inventory) and somatic symptomatology (as measured by the Menstrual Cycle Symptom Scale),than individuals in the follicular phase. This hypothesis was tested using multiple regression analysis, using affective and somatic variables as predictors of cycle day. Post hoc analyses for differences between menstrual phase groups on the affective variables were performed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).The results of this study indicated no relationship between menstrual cycle phase and self-presentation for counseling services. They also indicated no relationship between menstrual cycle day and either subjective distress or somatic symptomatology. Finally, with minor exceptions, no differences were found between menstrual cycle phase groups in their self-perceived distress or emotional states.Discrepancies between the results of this study and previous research were discussed. In particular, methodological differences (e.g., use of state vs trait measures of mood variables) highlight the poor design and generalizability of previous research. Suggestions for future studies were presented as well as limiting factors in this study. These include the need for a larger number of participants and the use of hematologic cross-checks to more precisely determine cycle phase. Investigations into the way in which menstrual cycle affects mood are warranted.<br>Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Cullen, Lisa Marie. "Assessment of pain perception and pressure threshold for pain changes during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle." FIU Digital Commons, 1996. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2687.
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This study examined the differences in pain perception and pain pressure threshold between the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle and the days of the cycle which are not menstrual or premenstrual. Over 2 complete menstrual cycles, 20 volunteer subjects with no known disabilities or illness reported pain assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and pressure threshold measures collected 5 times (intervals) for each cycle. A two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance (i.e. cycle, interval and the interaction) revealed only a significant difference across interval for both pain perception (VAS) (F = 15.3146, (4,76), p < .01), and pain pressure threshold (F = 12.0367, (4,76), p < .01). The premenstrual VAS mean scores were significantly higher and pain threshold mean scores significantly lower than the means during the remainder of the cycle in Tukey "A" post-test comparisons. Findings indicate therapists should consider pain perception and potential motivational changes of women during the premenstruum when developing or instituting physically demanding protocols.
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McNeil, Jessica N. "The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phases and Adiposity on Energy Balance in Women." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20336.
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Energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE) across the menstrual cycle (MC), while considering body adiposity, have not been previously evaluated in the same individuals. This study mainly examined the variations in energy balance (EB) across MC. Seventeen women (Body fat-DXA:28.5%) participated in three identical sessions during distinct phases of the MC: Early-follicular, Late-follicular/ovulation and Mid-luteal (confirmed by basal temperature and sex-steroid hormones). EI, resting metabolic rate (RMR), physical-activity EE (PAEE), severity of PMS, leptin and relative-reinforcing value (RRV) of preferred foods were measured during each phase. No differences in body fat, EI, RMR, PAEE, leptin and RRV of food were noted across MC. Trends were noted in preferred snack (p=0.06) and combined snack/fruit (p=0.06) intakes, while differences were noted in severity of PMS (p<0.05) across phases. Changes in EB across the MC were not noted. PMS was more severe, and preferred snack and combined snack/fruit intakes were slightly higher during mid-luteal phase.
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Chen, Yueh-Hua, and 陳玥華. "Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is Associated with Abnormal Emotional Processing in the Pre-menstrual Phase." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32762717725152938564.
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碩士<br>國立陽明大學<br>腦科學研究所<br>101<br>Objective: PMDD is characterized by pre-menstrual emotional and physical symptoms severe enough to interfere with daily functions. Recent studies indicate that PMDD patients have abnormal brain activity across the menstrual phases in response to emotional stimuli. The underlying pathology remains unclear. This study aims to address emotional conflict processing in PMDD patients across menstrual phases. We hypothesized that PMDD patients would show abnormal emotional conflict monitoring mechanism, and predicted that PMDD patients would have a hypersensitive emotion-modulating circuitry during the symptomatic pre-menstrual phase.
Methods: 12 right-handed PMDD patients and 12 healthy matched controls participated in the study. Participants underwent functional MRI while performing an emotional Stroop task using emotional face stimuli overlaid with congruent (C) or incongruent (I) emotional words. Hormone tests and psychological inventories were used to evaluate the physiological and mental state. Functional MRI was performed in the pre and post-menstrual phases.
Results: No significant difference in behavior was found between PMDD patients and healthy controls in any of the phases. For the conflict comparison (I>C), PMDD patients showed enhanced fMRI activity in the anterior cingulate, the dorso-medial and lateral prefrontal cortices, and the superior parietal lobe when comparing the pre- and post-menstrual phases as well as when comparing each phase with healthy controls.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that PMDD patients had cerebral hyper function during processing of emotional conflict in the pre-menstrual phase, and the brain activities were positively related to symptom severity.
Significance: This fMRI study provides further understanding of brain function in symptomatic PMDD patients in context of mood symptoms, hormone levels, and emotional conflict.
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Vorwerg, Mandy. "Personality and ingestive factors in late luteal phase dysphotic disorder." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9673.
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M.A. (Psychology)<br>Since Frank (1931) first published an article on premenstrual symptoms a considerable amount of research has been undertaken and published on the topic. Women have always been aware of experiencing certain intermittent physiological and psychological symptoms, but few have realised that these are often cyclical and relate to the menstrual cycle. In recent years there has been a move towards identifying these symptoms and seeking help and treatment in overcoming their sometimes debilitating effects. Previously women did not speak about their experiences and attributed them to various psychosocial stressors, but today women areacknowledging the fact that a syndrome or disorder does exist. This syndrome or disorder became known as the Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) (Dalton, 1984). More recently a classification for premenstrual symptoms has appeared under Appendix A of the' DSM III-R. This is the section that deals with proposed diagnostic categories needing further study. In this classification premenstrual symptoms are termed Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder (LLPDD)...
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Jácome, Mariana Filipa Fernandes. "O contributo da terapêutica hormonal na Síndrome Pré-menstrual – A perspetiva atual." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/98339.
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Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina<br>Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is an entity characterized by the presence of cyclical changes of varying severity, ranging from clinical signs and symptoms to psychological and behavioral changes. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is the designation of the most severe form of PMS, which is an incapacitating condition that can significantly interfere with women's lives.The aim of this study is to review the literature about therapeutic approaches to PMS, specifically the role of hormonal methods in symptom relief.A bibliographic research was carried out on PubMed database and articles from the last 15 years were selected.According to current scientific evidence, combined oral contraceptives (COC) provide the greatest symptomatic relief, but there are several factors that determine their effectiveness, such as the type of progestogen or the administration regimen. Within hormonal methods, the COC composed by 20 µg of ethinylestradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone, prescribed as 24 active pills and 4 placebo pills demonstrated to be the most effective. The use of an isolated estrogen associated with a progestogen for endometrial protection is considered to be a second-line therapeutic option, although the studies on this subject have some limitations, such as small and heterogeneous samples and short-term follow-up. The studies with isolated progestogens did not reveal a statistically significant benefit. Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists should only be used in specific and refractory cases and danazol is no longer indicated for PMS treatment.SPM and PMDD are complex entities and their therapeutic approach is still under investigation. However scientific evidence has shown that hormonal methods, especially COC with drospirenone play an important role in symptomatic relief.<br>A Síndrome Pré-menstrual (SPM) é uma entidade que se carateriza pela presença de alterações cíclicas de gravidade variável que vão desde sinais e sintomas clínicos a alterações psicológicas e comportamentais. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) é a designação da forma mais grave de SPM, tratando-se de uma condição incapacitante que pode comprometer significativamente a vida da mulher. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre as abordagens terapêuticas na SPM, mais concretamente o papel dos métodos hormonais no alívio da sintomatologia.Para a sua elaboração foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica na base de dados PubMed e foram selecionados artigos dos últimos 15 anos. Segundo a evidência científica atual, os contracetivos hormonais combinados orais (CHCO) são os que proporcionam maior alívio sintomático, mas há vários fatores que condicionam a sua eficácia como o tipo de progestativo ou o regime de administração. Dentro dos métodos hormonais o CHCO composto por 20 µg de etinilestradiol e 3 mg de drospirenona, administrado num regime de 24 comprimidos ativos e 4 comprimidos placebo foi o que demonstrou ter maior eficácia. A utilização de um estrogénio isolado associado a um progestativo para proteção endometrial é considerada uma opção terapêutica de segunda linha, embora os estudos existentes apresentem algumas limitações, nomeadamente amostras reduzidas e heterogéneas e tempo de follow-up curto. Os estudos realizados com progestativos isolados não revelaram benefício estatisticamente significativo na sua utilização. Os agonistas da hormona libertadora de gonadotrofinas só devem ser usados em casos mais específicos e refratários e o danazol atualmente já não tem indicação no tratamento da SPM.A SPM e a PMDD são entidades complexas e a abordagem terapêutica das mesmas é uma área ainda em investigação. No entanto, a evidência científica demonstrou que os métodos hormonais, principalmente os CHCO que contêm drospirenona desempenham um papel importante no alívio sintomático.
Books on the topic "Premenstrual phase"
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1941-, Gold Judith H., and Severino Sally K, eds. Premenstrual dysphorias: Myths and realities. American Psychiatric Press, 1994.
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Matsumoto, Tamaki, Hiroyuki Asakura, and Tatsuya Hayashi. Premenstrual disorders: luteal phase recurrent enigmatic conditions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198749547.003.0007.
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Up to 90% of women of childbearing-age experience at least some degree of a regular recurrence of various physical and mental symptoms during the days prior to menstruation, which usually subside following menstruation. The cluster of symptoms can alter behaviour and well-being and affect family, friends, and relationships at work. Despite its prevalence, however, research has not yet demystified this enigmatic condition, commonly known as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)—severe PMS. Chapter 7 presents an exhaustive review that discusses the definition, diagnosis, prevalence, symptomatology, aetiopathogenesis, and therapeutic modalities of PMS/PMDD. It deliberates on the complex web of associated biopsychosocial factors. The discussion is further enhanced by presenting a real-life scenario of a sufferer with PMS who, in her dissatisfaction with the management provided, selected the option of surgical removal of her reproductive organs.
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Zachar, Peter, and Kenneth S. Kendler. A DSM insiders’ history of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725978.003.0041.
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Chapter 41 discusses a kind of in vivo case study of the interactions between science and extra-scientific processes involved in the construction of nosological categories of psychiatry. The very first medical report on a cluster of symptoms, regularly affecting some women over their menstrual cycle, the so-called syndrome of premenstrual tension, appeared in 1931. The name changed with time to premenstrual syndrome, subsequently renamed as late luteal phase dysphoric disorder (LLPDD) and is currently known as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). It was listed as a psychiatric disorder in the DSM-III, but was later moved to the section on the condition deserving further study (aka the “appendix”). In the DSM-5, PMDD returned to the main section of the manual devoted to depressive disorders as a diagnosis approved for routine clinical use. The PDD is an ideal-type condition to stimulate a controversy about its justification as a psychiatric disorder. By its nature it affects only females (here, feminist issues may arise); it is clearly linked to physiological rhythm (is it not a somatic issue?); does it exist as a distinct behavioral abnormality or is it just a variant of female experience?: does it need to be treated pharmacologically? (the issues of medicalization and “big pharma”). It provides a detailed narrative on the vicissitudes of this psychiatric nosological category, which is not only based on a careful study by interested outsiders but is crucially enriched by the insights of one of the participants of the very process of DSM construction.
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Heiman, Noa, Abby Snavely, and Liza Freehling. Women’s Mental Health Across the Reproductive Lifespan. Edited by Robert E. Feinstein, Joseph V. Connelly, and Marilyn S. Feinstein. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190276201.003.0020.
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This chapter focuses on the unique properties of women’s mental health, which need to be understood and managed throughout the reproductive lifespan in a collaborative health care environment. Throughout her reproductive life cycle, a woman will experience enormous endocrinologic changes. During transitional times, such as pregnancy, postpartum, and perimenopause/menopause, mental health problems may peak for some women. For example, a history of depression at any time increases the risk for depression during times of reproductive hormone fluctuation. Psychiatric hospital admissions are highest for women during pregnancy and postpartum. The collaborative care team must always be aware of the hormonal life phase of the woman they are treating and her biological, psychological, and social context. Premenstrual, pregnancy, postpartum, perimenopausal, and menopausal phases are reviewed in light of their interplay with mental health. Recommendations for integrative team care at each phase are given.
Book chapters on the topic "Premenstrual phase"
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Lavu, Deepthi, Radha Indusekhar, and Shaughn O’Brien. "Premenstrual Syndrome." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e, edited by John A. H. Wass, Wiebke Arlt, and Robert K. Semple. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0157.
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Millions of women and their families around the world are affected by premenstrual disorders. These conditions cause significant impairment for women, resulting in emotional, somatic, and/or behavioural symptoms in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Following the recent International Society for Premenstrual Disorders (ISPMD) consensus, these disorders have been divided into core and variant premenstrual disorders. Diagnosis is complex as there are no objective tests. Use of a prospective symptom scoring chart, by women, to record their daily symptoms is recommended to support a definitive diagnosis in addition to a multidisciplinary team approach for management of women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Treatments are broadly divided into two categories, based on ovulation suppression and neuroendocrine manipulation. These include lifestyle modifications, cognitive behaviour therapy, combined oral contraception, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, oestradiol, and progesterone, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues and surgery (bilateral salpingo-ophorectomy and hysterectomy) as a last resort.
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Rapkin, Andrea, and Mya Zapata. "Premenstrual syndrome." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.0825.
Full textAbstract:
The premenstrual disorders, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are psychoneuroendocrine disorders characterized by a constellation of affective, somatic, and behavioural symptoms that occur monthly, during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle with relief soon after the onset of menses. PMS affects approximately 15–40% of reproductive aged women depending on criteria for diagnosis. PMDD is a severe form of PMS, with an emphasis on the affective symptoms. It has been estimated that only 5–8% of women meet the strict criteria for PMDD, but up to 20% may be one symptom short of meeting the criteria (1). The premenstrual syndromes adversely impact relationships, activities of daily living, and workplace productivity. The research and treatment of the premenstrual disorders have been hampered by lack of consensus regarding the specific diagnostic criteria, methods of assessment of symptoms and impairment, and absence of animal models or biological markers for the disorders. However, elucidation of various aspects of the pathophysiology, well designed multicentre treatment trials, and patient and clinician education have successfully improved diagnosis and management This chapter will review symptoms, definitions, diagnostic criteria, aetiology, evaluation, and nonpharmacological and pharmacological management of PMS and PMDD.
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Thayer, Robert E. "Energy and Tension Changes with PMS, Drugs, Social Interaction, Weather, and Life Events." In The Origin Of Everyday Moods. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195087918.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a controversial concept, but one that many women feel very strongly about and are very interested in. (It is also known as premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and late luteal phase dysphoric disorder.) Dozens of studies of this condition have been published in the scientific literature, the majority of which sup port the existence of increased tension as well as other physical symptoms appearing late in the menstrual cycle, generally just before the menstrual flow begins.
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Malik, Vandana Singh, Krishan Kumar, Rakesh Kumar Behmani, and Sanjay Kumar. "Stressor of Menstruation in Adolescence, Young Adulthood, and Adulthood." In Perspectives on Coping Strategies for Menstrual and Premenstrual Distress. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5088-8.ch003.
Full textAbstract:
In the modern era, women are excellent in many areas of their lives, but today they face various challenges. Menstruation is a complex phase of a female's life. During menstruation, adolescent girls and women face a variety of problems. Many restrictions, taboos, and menstrual myths are dealt with by females from adolescence through adulthood. When the stress level is high, there is a chance of an irregular menstrual period. This chapter includes various menstrual stressors that influence the life of females. Various stressors of menstruation such as psychological stressors, social stressors, sanitation stressors, and physical stressors. Women across the country are dealing with these stressors, which are harmful to their physical and mental health and wellbeing.
Conference papers on the topic "Premenstrual phase"
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Aoki, Makiko, and Satoshi Suzuki. "Characteristics of Cerebral Blood Flow during Working Memory Tasks - Comparison of the follicular and luteal phases in females and males." In AHFE 2023 Hawaii Edition. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004391.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, we aimed to clarify the characteristics of cerebral blood flow during the N-back task for males and for females in the follicular and luteal phases. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure Oxyhemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) in the prefrontal cortex during the N-back task. In the analysis, the prefrontal cortex was divided into right and left regions, and the integrated Oxy-Hb value, center of gravity value, and activation rate (initial activation) in the first 5 seconds of the task were calculated for each region. The percentage of correct responses to the N-back task was also calculated. Differences in each representative value among the three groups (follicular phase, luteal phase, and male) were examined. The task correct response rate was lowest in the luteal phase group for males and the luteal phase group (p<.05) and in the follicular phase group and the luteal phase group (p<.05). There were no significant differences between groups in integral and center-of-gravity values, and there were significant differences between groups in the initial activation of CH10-13 (left area) during the 2-back task (p<.05), with the lowest in the luteal phase group among males (p<.05), follicular phase group (p<.05) and luteal phase group (p<.05). A decrease in working memory is suggested in luteal phase women. This may be due to the presence of women with premenstrual syndrome symptoms or to sex hormone effects.