Academic literature on the topic 'Preparation of a control program'
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Journal articles on the topic "Preparation of a control program"
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Emelyanov, S. A. "Actual issues of operation of CNC machines — preparation of control programs." Glavnyj mekhanik (Chief Mechanic), no. 7 (June 15, 2023): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pro-2-2307-07.
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The article analyzes various options for the preparation of control programs for CNC machines: the use of computer-aided design systems, the use of integrated CNC editors, the use of universal computing tools (personal computers, laptops, tablets), interactive writing of the program in manual control mode, the use of templates for specific processing methods, the use of converters that convert control programs developed by for other CNC systems, the use of converters from raster or vector files.
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Shahobiddin, Abdurayimovich Khudayberdiev, and Abdusattarovna Tillyashaykhova Makhsuda. "USING THE AIREN TESTING PROGRAM TO CONTROL STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE." International Journal of Education, Social Science & Humanities. FARS Publishers 11, no. 1 (2023): 751–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7568375.
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The possibilities of computer tests developed in the Airen system are considered. The main types of test tasks in the system are outlined: tasks with a choice of one or more answers, tasks with the input of an answer, tasks for correspondence, for ordering and classification. It is shown that the Airen system is a powerful tool in the preparation of tests and in testing. The process of preparing tests in the Airen system is considered in sufficient detail.
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Bergstra, Jan A., and Cornelis A. Middelburg. "Maurer Computers with Single-Thread Control." Fundamenta Informaticae 80, no. 4 (2007): 333–62. https://doi.org/10.3233/fun-2007-80401.
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We investigate basic issues concerning stored threads and their execution, building upon Maurer's model for computers and the thread algebra of Bergstra et al. We show among other things that a single thread can control the execution on a Maurer machine of any executable finite-state thread stored in the memory of the Maurer machine. We also relate stored threads with programs as considered in the program algebra of Bergstra et al. The work is intended as a preparation for the development of a formal approach to model micro-architectures and to verify their correctness and anticipated speed-up results.
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Nosov, Nicolay V., and Andrey A. Cherepashkov. "Features of technological basing in machining parts on CNC machines." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 01078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822401078.
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The article discusses the problems of computer aided design and technological preparation of production of complex shape parts on machines with numerical program control. An integrated technique for designing processes and control programs for CNC machines is proposed and described, using the technique of software-based referencing and modern electronic measuring tools.
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Lin, Hongmei, Verona Ji Ying Leung, Courtney Sen Yee Yue, and Helene Fung. "PROMOTING HONG KONG ADULTS TO AGE WELL: INTERVENTION EFFECTS ON AGING PREPARATION ACROSS FOUR DOMAINS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.2181.
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Abstract Preparations for old age benefit physical and psychological health in later life. The population in Hong Kong has the longest life expectancy in the world. However, Hong Kong residents prepare less for their old age than their counterparts in the US and Europe. Hence, an evidence-based intervention program was developed to improve old-age preparation in Hong Kong. The program aimed to comprehensively cover the preparation for old age by involving four domains (finance, health, social relationship, and leisure activity). Specifically, the program started with four workshops where participants learned from experts on how to prepare for old age in four domains. Then, participants were grouped according to their domains of interest, and guided planning was provided to empower them to hold their old age-preparation activities for six months. A tracking survey was conducted every two weeks during the period. Finally, 140 adults (31 males; 45-83 years of age, Mage = 65.21, SD = 7.52) finished the intervention program. Findings showed that participants increased their levels of self-control, readiness for, and satisfaction with aging preparation in three domains (all except finance) after joining the workshop. After six months of intervention, a reduction in anxiety and an improvement in meaningfulness were also found in all four domains. These findings suggest that the intervention program motivates individuals to engage more in age-related preparatory behaviors across domains. This has practical implications for training old-age preparation.
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Mudrák, Maroš, Peter Hubinský, and Tatiana Mudráková. "Robotic Cell Control System Standardization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 613 (August 2014): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.613.182.
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Nowadays, in the modern manufacturing factories and in the companies engaged in the robotic cells manufacture it is necessary to optimize the production time, diagnostics and commissioning of the control system. The control system should meet with several criteria for the functionality and transparency. These criteria can be achieved by introducing the program control standardization. Well designed and tested control algorithms can reduce the time needed for the preparation and commissioning of the robotic cell. Ultimately, costs reduction for the preparation of such robotic cell, transparency and rapid response for errors diagnostics in the control system will be achieved.
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Pavlićević, Aleksandar, Radomir Ratajac, Igor Stojanov, and Ivan Pavlović. "AN EXAMPLE OF RATIONAL DERMANYSSUS GALLINAE CONTROL – PULCAP." Archives of Veterinary Medicine 12, no. 1 (2019): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.46784/e-avm.v12i1.39.
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The irrational control of Dermanyssus gallinae ectoparasites (De Geer, 1778) in intensive livestock can cause health problems, economic damage, and can also toxicologically harm the health of humans and the environment. Formulation P 547/17 (Pulcap) is a new generation of inert matter (an oil). In Pulcap formulation and technology, the fulfilment of rigorous criteria for rational control of D. gallinae were tested and present in this paper. Those criteria are the following: the safety of the preparation (i.e. the preparation is non-toxic); the feasibility of application of the preparation in facilities, for handling transport cages, on used cages and equipment, as well as in inhabited buildings; the method of application - the preparation is applied by spray method (external application). The aim of the application was also considered. It is to make the control effective, on the condition that eradication is feasible. Then, the conditionality, which imply that the application of this preparation requires fulfilling hygienic conditions, break of production in facilities, a certain temperature and professional approach to it. The efficacy of the preparation is another important criterion. It implies that the clinical results of the application have been monitored in different conditions at different time intervals. It has been proven that there is no resistance to this preparation. The disadvantages of the preparations were also observed. It is the absence of prolonged action on absorbent surfaces, the delay in starting the egg bar and discharging, which increases contamination. The whole program / plan of long-term control has been developed. The cost-effectiveness of the product is the ratio of price and efficiency on an annual level. Eradication is the most economical method of controlling D. gallinae, which relieved farmers from all further costs. There is a great challenge for each type of D. gallinae control, especially the rational one. Reconsidering and further development of the approach of rational control is a way to improve the control of D. gallinae, which we want to encourage.
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Lantika, Fani, and M. Maryadi. "Kepemimpinan Ketua Program Studi Dalam Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Berbasis Budaya Minangkabau." Manajemen Pendidikan 13, no. 2 (2019): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jmp.v13i2.7483.
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The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of the Leadership preparation of the Chair of the Study Program in the development of human resources (HR) based on Minangkabau culture, the characteristics of leadership implementation Chair of the Study Program in the development of human resources (HR) based on Minangkabau culture, and leadership control characteristics in the development of human resources (HR) based on Minangkabau culture. The type of research used is qualitative using ethnographic design. The source of research data is the chair of the study program, lecturers, educational staff and students. Data collection techniques are carried out by interviews, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study can be concluded that (1) preparation for the development of lecturer human resources, refers to the implementation of the quality of lecturerstheoretically and practically. The activity prepared for the development of humanresources education personnel is through training in the administration of workthrough the development of educational human resources, HR mentoring and HRCoaching. Preparation of activities in the development of student human resourcesis through intra-curricular and extracurricular programs, (2) the implementationof lecturer human resource development, carried out in the form of curriculumevaluation, implementation of the Higher Education Tridharma, collaboration withother institutions or agencies, and further study of the lecturer Doctoral Program.The implementation of the development of human resources in human resources is carried out through the development of general competencies, the development of functional competencies, and the development of managerial competencies ofeducation personnel. The implementation of activities in the development of student human resources is through intra-curricular and extracurricular programs, and (3) controlling the development of lecturer human resources, carried out through the lecturer workload (BKD. Control in the development of human resources education personnel is through review and control of the work of educational staff in managing the correspondence, filing, and making work reports of education personnel every day Control in the development of student human resources is through PBM monitoring documents provided by education personnel Other controls are required for students to make reports, after extracurricular activities have been completed.
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Mihaly, Kata, Daniel McCaffrey, Tim R. Sass, and J. R. Lockwood. "Where You Come From or Where You Go? Distinguishing Between School Quality and the Effectiveness of Teacher Preparation Program Graduates." Education Finance and Policy 8, no. 4 (2013): 459–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00110.
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We consider the challenges and implications of controlling for school contextual bias when modeling teacher preparation program effects. Because teachers are not randomly distributed across schools, failing to account for contextual factors in achievement models could bias preparation program estimates. Including school fixed effects controls for school environment by relying on differences among student outcomes within the same schools to identify the program effects, but this specification may be unidentified. Using statewide data from Florida, we examine whether the inclusion of school fixed effects is feasible, compare the sensitivity of the estimates to assumptions underlying for fixed effects, and determine what their inclusion implies about the precision of the preparation program estimates. We discuss the implications of our results on the feasibility, precision, and ranking of programs using the school fixed effect model for policy makers designing teacher preparation program evaluation systems.
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Richard, Lucie, Lise Gauvin, Louise Potvin, Jean-Louis Denis, and Natalie Kishchuk. "Making Youth Tobacco Control Programs More Ecological: Organizational and Professional Profiles." American Journal of Health Promotion 16, no. 5 (2002): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-16.5.267.
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Purpose. To identify the organizational and professional correlates of the integration of the ecological approach in Canadian public health organizations' tobacco control programs for youth. Design. Cross-sectional survey. Setting. Canadian public health organizations. Subjects. One hundred and ten tobacco control programs implemented in 90 organizations. The response rate for the organizations was 87%. Measures. Descriptions of programs were obtained by telephone interviews. An analytical procedure was applied to the program data to identify intervention settings, targets and strategies for each program. Using this information, a summary score of the integration of the ecological approach was estimated for each program. Organizational and professional variables were assessed by self-administered questionnaires to managers and professionals involved in these programs. Results. The level of integration of the ecological approach in programs was related to organizational (frequency of contacts and collaborations with external partners, team composition) and extraorganizational factors (size of the city in which the public health unit is located). Cognitive attributes of the practitioners (knowledge and beliefs) also emerged as significant predictors. Finally, positive associations were observed between practitioners' personal characteristics (educational achievement, working status in health promotion [full vs. part-time], previous experience, gender, and disciplinary/professional background) and cognitive predictors. Conclusions. Organizational environment and staff preparation play a critical role in the adoption of the ecological approach in tobacco control programs.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Preparation of a control program"
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Trunda, Jiří. "Technologie výroby frézováním na CNC strojích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228382.
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Objective graduation theses, is determining and propound optimal alternate manufacturing section servant as base of electron microscope. As a production method is used chippy cutting on numerical controlled machine behind by the help of usage progressive cutting tools. To construction control program was use 3D CAD/CAM system of Solid Vision, Ltd. Corporation. Product working is complete project and procedure on manufacturing section, that is in finish well-founded technoeconomic evaluation.
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Hagos, Olivia. "Development of a Program Evaluation for a Preceptor Preparation Program." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4141.
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A significant nursing shortage exists in the United States, which is compounded by high turnover rates. Skilled nurse preceptors are needed to train and assimilate nurses, which would improve retention of nurse preceptors, facilitate transition of nurses to the practice environment, and increase the number of preceptors within the organization. A preceptor preparation program in a 300-bed hospital was developed to promote nurse preceptor success while enhancing learning outcomes and creating a supportive work environment. The organization's leaders are interested in the successes of the program and its long-term role in retaining nurse preceptors who completed the preceptor preparation program. Therefore, the purpose of this doctor of nursing practice (DNP) project was to develop a program evaluation model where the institution could assess the retention rate of preceptors and the overall effectiveness of the program. The evaluation framework consisted of the Benner's model skill acquisition, from novice to expert, which will assist in assessing outcomes of retention of nursing preceptors as they evolved through the program. The project question for this DNP project asked whether a program evaluation to identify methods to capture current rate of retention of preceptors and overall program effectiveness could be developed. A survey tool was successfully developed and the pilot study was accepted by the facility to capture and evaluate the program information. This project provides a model for program evaluation and may increase the nursing literature on preceptor retention programs. Preceptor program outcomes are important to evaluate and can create positive social change regarding the number of quality preceptors available to train new nurses in practice.
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Johnson, Amy F. "Preparing for changes in teacher preparation program accountability| Evaluating the factors that influence job placement of teacher preparation program graduates." Thesis, University of Southern Maine, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3740382.
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<p> Teacher preparation programs are facing increased pressure to report on the outcomes of their graduates, including their job placement rates. Prior research on job placement for teachers establishes that a variety of factors are related to whether or not individuals apply for and receive jobs. This research study explored these factors through quantitative analysis of three cohorts of teacher preparation program completers within the institutions of the University of Maine system, using logistic regression to identify the individual and contextual characteristics that are most predictive of job application and hiring.</p><p> Of the factors studied, the most influential factors in job placement in public schools in the state were (1) in-state residency status, (2) preparation in a teacher shortage area, (3) completion of a post-baccalaureate preparation pathway, (4) receipt of financial assistance that requires completion of future teaching service, (5) institution attended, (6) GPA relative to other graduates, (7) year of graduation, and (8) age at the time of completing the program. However, these combined variables provide less than 20% of the potential predictability in job placement outcomes. This suggests that additional work is needed to identify the factors influencing beginning teacher placement. Job placement rates for preparation programs should be interpreted with caution, as at least some of the related factors are not within the control of preparation programs (e.g. year of graduation). Furthermore, the use of job placement rates to make high-stakes decisions may provide incentives to programs to implement policies that may not be ethical (such as preferential admission of younger applicants) or that may not be advisable for other reasons.</p>
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Douglas, Freddie 1960. "Lean principles implementation in the program preparation phase." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82689.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2002.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-91).<br>by Freddie Douglas, III.<br>S.M.
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Foley, Virginia P. "Emergent Design: Implications of Principal Preparation Program Evaluation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5985.
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Camburn, Albert. "The history of the principal preparation program : planned program change at Virginia Tech /." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-170917/.
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Rohleder, AndrÃa Vieira Pontes. "Estudo de equivalÃncia farmacÃutica dos fÃrmacos captopril e cloridrato de propranolol comercializados no programa farmÃcia popular do brasil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4496.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>A equivalÃncia farmacÃutica entre dois medicamentos relaciona-se à comprovaÃÃo de que ambos contÃm o mesmo fÃrmaco na mesma dosagem e forma farmacÃutica, o que pode ser avaliado por meio de testes in vitro. No Brasil, os medicamentos alopÃticos sÃo divididos em trÃs categorias quanto ao registro junto à AgÃncia Nacional de VigilÃncia SanitÃria: medicamentos novos, medicamentos similares e medicamentos genÃricos. A legislaÃÃo atual dispÃe que para o registro de novos medicamentos genÃricos e similares à necessÃria a comprovaÃÃo da equivalÃncia farmacÃutica e a bioequivalÃncia em relaÃÃo ao medicamento de referÃncia. Produtos registrados antes de 2003 tÃm um perÃodo de adaptaÃÃo garantido, de modo que os resultados dos testes de equivalÃncia farmacÃutica e perfil de dissoluÃÃo sejam incluÃdos ao seu registro atà 2014. O Programa FarmÃcia Popular do Brasil à uma nova polÃtica de AssistÃncia FarmacÃutica, dentro do Sistema Ãnico de SaÃde que tem como objetivo facilitar o acesso da populaÃÃo aos medicamentos considerados bÃsicos e essenciais, diminuindo assim, o impacto dos preÃos dos medicamentos no orÃamento familiar. O objeivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a EquivalÃncia FarmacÃutica de comprimidos de Captopril 25 mg e Cloridrato de Propranolol 40 mg comercializados no Programa FarmÃcia Popular do Brasil, comparando-o com medicamentos de ReferÃncia e GenÃrico, visando discutir a importÃncia da qualidade dos medicamentos para a saÃde pÃblica. Realizaram-se testes fÃsicos e fÃsico-quÃmicos como: identificaÃÃo, determinaÃÃo de peso, desintegraÃÃo, dureza, friabilidade, teor, uniformidade de conteÃdo, pureza e perfil de dissoluÃÃo, segundo a FarmacopÃia Brasileira, 4a ediÃÃo. Os resultados indicaram uma baixa dureza nos comprimidos de cloridrato de propranolol da FarmÃcia Popular. Os perfis de dissoluÃÃo, analisados por ANOVA e teste de Tukey demonstraram diferenÃas significativas (p<0,001) entre os perfis de dissoluÃÃo da FarmÃcia popular em relaÃÃo ao GenÃrico e ReferÃncia nos tempos avaliados dos dois fÃrmacos em estudo. Compararam-se os perfis de dissoluÃÃo dos comprimidos da FarmÃcia Popular com os medicamentos ReferÃncia e GenÃrico atravÃs da EficiÃncia de DissoluÃÃo (ED%). A extensÃo do fÃrmaco dissolvido do medicamento FarmÃcia Popular foi significativamente menor (P < 0,001) do que o ReferÃncia para Captopril e Propranolol. O Captopril da FarmÃcia Popular, apesar de ter cumprido as exigÃncias da legislaÃÃo, foi reprovado no ensaio de ED%. Portanto, os comprimidos de Cloridrato de Propranolol e Captopril da FarmÃcia Popular nÃo foram considerados equivalentes farmacÃuticos em relaÃÃo aos medicamentos ReferÃncia e GenÃrico.<br>The pharmaceutical equivalence between two medicines is based on the confirmation that both contain the same active drug on the same dosage and dosage form, wich is assessed by in vitro tests. In Brazil, the National Health Surveillance Agency defines that allopathic medicines can be registered in three categories: innovator, generic and similar drugs. The actual legislation determines that to register new generic and similar medicines it is necessary to prove its pharmaceutical equivalence and bioequivalence with a reference drug. Products registered before 2003 have until 2014 to present these equivalence results. The Popular Pharmacy Program in Brazil is a new strategy of pharmaceutical assistance of the Health Sistem with the purpose to facilitate the populationâs access to medicines considered basic and essential, lowering the price impact of these medicines in the family budgets. The objective of this study was to assess the pharmaceutical equivalence of captopril 25 mg and propranolol hydrochloride 40 mg tablets sold in the Popular Pharmacy Program in Brazil, comparing them to a reference and generic drug, debating the importance of the quality of drugs for the public health. Physical and physicochemical tests such as identification, weight variation, disintegration, hardness, friability, purity, dosage, content uniformity, and dissolution profile, were performed according to the Brazillian Pharmacopeia 4th edition. The results showed a low hardness of propranolol hydrochloride tablets originated from the Popular Pharmacy Program. The dissolution profiles analised by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test demonstrated significant differences between the dissolution profiles of both drugs originated from the Popular Pharmacy Program and their respective reference and generic drugs (p<0,001). The dissolution profiles were compared by the Dissolution Efficiency method. The extention of the active drug dissolved from the Popular Pharmacy medicine was significantly lower than the dissolution from the reference and generic drugs (P < 0,001) for both captopril and propranolol hydrochloride. Even though captopril would fulfill the requirements of the National Health Surveillance Agency to be considered equivalent, it was not approved on the dissolution efficiency test. Therefore, the assessed tablets originated from the Popular Pharmacy Program in Brazil were not considered pharmaceutical equivalents when compared to their respective reference and generic drugs.
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Crais, Elizabeth, Ruth Bentler, Lynne Hewitt, et al. "Enhancing PhD Preparation through Shared Ideas across CSD Program." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2035.
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Shortages of PhD graduates to fill CSD faculty positions have been a concern for over 15 years. The ASHA AAB (collaborating with CAPCSD) completed interviews of Coordinators of almost all 76 CSD PhD Programs. Results and successful aspects of the programs will be highlighted to stimulate discussion among participants.
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Edwards, Beverly June. "The development of an empirically-based para-teacher preparation program /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1994. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9423373.
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Foltz, Howard L. "Developing a church-based missionary preparation program for charismatic churches." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
Full textBooks on the topic "Preparation of a control program"
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United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, ed. Clean Coal Technology Demonstration Program: Project fact sheets. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, 1996.
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International Union for Conservation of Nature. Programme Cameroun. Expérience et leçons apprises du Cameroun en matière d'élaboration du Readiness Preparation Proposal (R-PP) dans le cadre de l'initiative REDD+. Unión internationale pour la conservation de la nature--Programme Cameroun, 2015.
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Pustovaya, Larisa, and Besik Meshi. Methods and devices of environmental control. Environmental monitoring. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1058966.
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The textbook is designed to meet the need for a highly specialized set of professional knowledge necessary for the training of highly qualified personnel of environmental specialties.
 The presented material allows us to get an idea of the organization and effective implementation of environmental monitoring, the organization of industrial environmental control and management, the analysis of characteristics and changes of objects of economic activity using the necessary methods and means of such research.
 The basic principles of sampling and sample preparation, modern methods and means of environmental monitoring, the basics of metrological and laboratory-analytical support for environmental control are described. The training material is accompanied by up-to-date references to the current legislative framework of the Russian Federation.
 Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation and the current bachelor's degree program in the areas of training "Technosphere Safety", "Biotechnical systems and Technologies".
 It can be useful and interesting for students, undergraduates, postgraduates, as well as teachers specializing in environmental safety.
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Kurmanova, Aliya. Accounting (financial) statements. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2023978.
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The textbook reveals the conceptual foundations of the preparation and presentation of accounting (financial) statements, its composition and content, the procedure for the formation of accounting indicators of individual accounting statements, the basics and methodological aspects of the preparation of consolidated financial statements. In accordance with the course program, questions for self-control, tests and practical tasks for the formation of accounting indicators of accounting (financial) statements of a commercial organization are presented. Meets the requirements of the latest generation of federal state educational standards for higher education. For students of higher educational institutions studying the discipline "Accounting (financial) reporting" and studying in the educational programs of higher education in the field of 38.03.01 "Economics" and specialty 38.05.01 "Economic security", as well as other economic specialties.
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Hollins, Etta R., and Connor K. Warner. Rethinking Teacher Preparation Program Design. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003150633.
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Kroll, Dorothy. The weight control industry: Diet/healthy foods/beverages, commercial programs, OTC diet aids. Business Communications Co., 1997.
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(Organization), LearningExpress. Air traffic control test preparation. Learning Express, 2009.
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Montana. Division of Workers' Compensation. Bureau of Safety. Loss control program. The Bureau, 1985.
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Zhukova, Galina, and Lyudmila Borisova. Mathematics. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2082652.
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The textbook contains a systematic presentation of theoretical material that allows you to master the basic techniques and methods of researching a wide range of practical tasks. For each topic under discussion, a large number of examples and tasks developed in accordance with the work program of the discipline "Mathematics" are proposed with detailed analysis and solution. Much attention is paid to the application of mathematical methods to the study of economic problems. Provides assistance in self-preparation and self-control in mastering the discipline, including preparation for lectures and practical classes, control work, computer testing in LMS Moodle, intermediate certifications. It is addressed to university students studying in the field of training 03/10/2011 "Information security", teachers for the organization of the educational process, as well as to anyone interested in self-education.
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Learning, Alberta Alberta. Mathematics preparation 10: [program of studies]. Alberta Learning, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Preparation of a control program"
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Alamassi, Sherin, and Sultan Alsuwaidi. "Teacher Preparation Program: Alumni Perceptions and Technology Utilization." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28314-7_57.
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Rudd, Anthony S. "Program Preparation." In Implementing Practical DB2 Applications. Springer London, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1035-4_5.
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Wang, Ye, James Ko, and Peng Wang. "The Effects of a Short Self-Access Online Training for Practicum Preparation on the Depths of Reflection of Preservice Teachers." In Effective Teaching Around the World. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31678-4_25.
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AbstractEnhancing preservice teachers’ critical reflections on their newly acquired knowledge and experience is crucial for promoting their teaching skills and performance. However, it is a challenging task to teach reflections and increase their depths of reflection. Previous research has succeeded to help preservice teachers reflect in a full-term taught course. However, little empirical research demonstrated the effects of a short self-access online training program on the depths of reflection of preservice teachers. Framed in Ryan and Ryan’s (High Educ Res Dev 32(2):244–257, 2013) reflection depth model, this study adopted a quasi-experimental research design to examine the depths of reflection after attending a short online training of four 30-min sessions varied in training session order and session content. Data of 555 reflective statements were identified subsequently in 120 reflective logs of 30 preservice teachers in a teacher education university in northern China. The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups, indicating that a short self-access online training program has beneficial effects on preservice teachers’ reflections during practicum preparation. While the depths of the reflective statements identified were relatively shallow, the frequency of the reflective statements did not decrease with their depths. Additionally, topics in the online training sessions significantly affected the depths of preservice teachers’ reflections, while the training sequence did not. This study is conducive to designing the relevant online training programmes to promote the depths of reflection of preservice teachers in teacher education programmes.
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Hollins, Etta R., and Connor K. Warner. "Program Explication." In Rethinking Teacher Preparation Program Design. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003150633-4.
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Mett, Percy. "Program Control." In Introduction to Computing. Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08039-7_2.
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Weik, Martin H. "program control." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_14826.
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MacBeth, Gregory S. "Program Control." In C# Programmer’s Handbook. Apress, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-0797-9_4.
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Lu, Wenjin, and Ulrich Furbach. "Disjunctive Logic Program = Horn Program + Control Program." In Logics in Artificial Intelligence. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-49545-2_3.
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Weik, Martin H. "automatic program control." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_1126.
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Weik, Martin H. "message control program." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_11374.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Preparation of a control program"
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Damiano, Michael, and John Caturano. "SSPC QP Program Nuclear Supplement." In SSPC 2011. SSPC, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2011-00008.
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The intent of the nuclear supplement to the relevant SSPC QP contractor certification programs is to certify contractors and paint shops to perform work in and for nuclear facilities that require an enhanced level of quality assurance / quality control requirements and nuclear safety culture awareness for surface preparation and painting activities. SSPC will expand the current QP certification to include the assessment of capabilities of SSPC certified firms to provide coating services to the nuclear power industry based on ANSI and ASTM standards as well as NRC guidelines.
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Jenkins, Walt. "A Computerized Vessel Repair Guideline Program." In CORROSION 1991. NACE International, 1991. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1991-91314.
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Abstract This program provides a computerized ”Guideline” in the form of a vessel “Repair routing sheet". This form can be edited by an Authorized Inspector and used to control the repair of a Pressure Vessel. The “Repair routing sheet” provides vessel repair steps, complete with recommendations for: WPS's (Weld Procedure Specifications)Heat Treating and Outgassing ProceduresNDT (Non Destructive Testing) ProgramsVessel Preparation Procedures The program is based on: A “Service code” assigned to each vessel. Some vessels require more than one “Service code”.A Material Classification System, called "P code”. The “P code” System is based on ASME Sect IX, P Numbers.“Guideline” tables summarizing ASME and UNO-VEN Practices for the repair of Pressure Containing Equipment. The system can also be easily improved to provide programs for: A Data Recovery System.A Query System.A Complete Historical Record of all welded repairs.A Framework for additional vessel history.A Framework for a piping repair system.
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Quiero, Arcino. "National Shipbuilding Research Program (NSRP) Surface Preparation and Coatings (SP&C) Panel 2015 Update." In SSPC 2015 Greencoat. SSPC, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2015-00050.
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The paper is an overview of the National Shipbuilding Research Program (NSRP) Surface Preparation and Coating Panel’s (SP&C) mission to reduce the cost of construction, maintenance, and repair of US Navy ships. The Panel’s “Specs to Decks” approach; research, evaluate, develop, and sustain current and emerging technologies that will reduce cost and maintain or enhance quality, serves as a rudder that guides the Panel’s performance. This review will provide a summary of the Panel and a look at some of its implemented, current, and proposed projects. The utilization of Retention of Pre-Construction Primer (PCP) and Robust Paperless Paint (Phase I) will allow Shipyards to reduce the cost of coatings ships and the documentation of work done during the coatings process. Robust Paperless Paint (Phase II) and the utilization of the Latest Digital Inspection Tools will ensure that Shipyards have the tools needed to meet requirements while enhancing the coating process by reducing human errors. The proposed projects; Universal Primer, Particular Blast, and Alternative Corrosion Control Methods for Inaccessible Voids, will further enable the Yards to continue to improve their overall performance, while sharing best practices and learning from the each other. The focus of these efforts are to reduce the cost of shipbuilding while maintaining quality.
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Quiero, Arcino “Q.” "National Shipbuilding Research Program (NSRP) Surface Preraration and Coatings (SP&C) Panel 2021 Update." In Coatings+ 2021. SSPC, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2021-00026.
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Abstract NSRP SP&C Panel’s mission is to reduce coatings cost of Navy ships. The Panel’s Specifications to Deck-Plate Application approach; research, evaluate, develop, and sustain current and emerging technologies, enables this effort to reduce cost and maintain / enhance quality of coatings and corrosion control of Naval and commercial ships. This summary is a look at implementable work and a gage of the value of future work. The strategic implementation of Surface Preparation and Coatings Automation, Standardization and Digitization of Visual Inspection, and Surface Preparation and Coatings Training Certification Program could provide cost and schedule savings. Optimizing Power Tool Surface Preparation potentially will increase Shipbuilders safety, while reducing material and labor costs. The Panel is a collaboration of SP&C professionals from Shipyards, Industry, Coatings Manufacturers, Subcontractors, Academia, and NAVSEA. NAVSEA’s involvement includes the SP&C Technical Warrant Holder (TWH). The Panel’s partnership with NAVSEA provide a vehicle for sharing ideas, addressing issues, and implementing research and development outcomes. These efforts; technical data, implementation guidelines, procedures, cost savings ideas, and specification clarification / revisions are presented to NAVSEA. Projects outcomes are submitted to SSRAC annually for review, consideration, and acceptance relative to 009.32. The Panel is open to the public and can be accessed on line at www.nsrp.org. Meetings information and presentations are posted / will be made available through this site. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Demonstrate the implementation of effective work practices on the deck plate through solid research Describe the benefits of a solid working relationship with NAVSEA SP&C Technical Warrant Holder (TWH) Discuss the benefits of a collaborative relationship across the greater Coatings Community Discuss the mitigation of Shipbuilding cost during construction, maintenance, and repairs
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Parson, Phillip K., and J. Peter Ault. "Implementing Basic Statistical Process Control in Contractor Painting Programs to Improve Quality and Maximize Profit." In SSPC 2007. SSPC, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2007-00068.
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Abstract Statistical Process Control (SPC) has been implemented as a key component of Total Quality Initiatives with great success in every major industry worldwide. SPC is not commonplace in the industrial and commercial coatings application business. This paper introduces the audience to SPC and provides an example of it’s application in industrial coating surface preparation.
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Shields, Kirk, and Ernst Toussaint. "A Simple and Effective Approach to Developing and Maintaining a Maintenance-Painting Program." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2009. SSPC, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2009-00051.
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Abstract There are a number of petrochemical plants that experience equipment failure and production loss due to corrosion. Proper maintenance of their existing equipment greatly reduces a plant’s down time therefore allowing production to continue. For those facilities that do not have an existing maintenance-painting program, we have developed a beginners / non-technical program guide that is easy to understand and implement as it addresses many plant’s existing and future coating systems. This program will allow for a consistent approach throughout a plant, versus various systems that may be operating within one plant and or between operating units. Through the use of the plants’ coating history, field surveys, decision tree, corporate specifications and a visual pictorial standard, the owner’s quality control representative will utilize these tools to diagnose current coating conditions in the plant. They will also be able to select the best coating system for each asset (equipment, pipe, tank, pumps, motors, etc.) while in service/on-line. In new construction or off-line maintenance work, a more aggressive surface preparation and coating system will be utilized to provide for a longer life. This paper will discuss each step; data collecting, navigating through a decision tree, pictorial standards and creation of a uniform corporate specification.
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Fichter, J. K., K. Johnson, K. French, and R. Oden. "Use of Microbiocides in Barnett Shale Gas Well Fracturing Fluids to Control Bacteria Related Problems." In CORROSION 2008. NACE International, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2008-08658.
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Abstract Bacterial contamination of fracturing fluids leads to a number of serious problems in the oil field. If the fracturing fluids are poorly treated or untreated, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and acid-producing bacteria (APB) can become established downhole, in production lines, gas / fluid separation, storage equipment, and in the gas gathering and transportation systems. This may result in hydrogen sulfide production, iron sulfide production and microbially influenced corrosion (MIC). Many of these fracturing fluids contain polyacrylamide or sugar-based polymers and other organic compounds which serve as food sources for bacteria. As a consequence of the water volume required for the fracturing process, the water used for preparation of these fluids is obtained from rivers, lakes, or oil field wastewater and is heavily contaminated with bacteria. This paper presents a case history discussing the background survey of various fracturing water sources, the biocide selection process, bacterial mitigation program implementation, monitoring and optimization of a Barnett Shale fracturing biocide program. Various biocides were tested including glutaraldehyde, a glutaraldehyde/quaternary ammonium compound blend, isothiazolin, tetrakishydromethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS), 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, and bronopol. THPS consistently performed well providing both quick kill of aerobic, fermentative, and sulfate-reducing bacteria and long-term preservation of the produced fluid. The glutaraldehyde and glutaraldehyde blends did not perform well on the general aerobic and acid-producing bacteria.
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Walker, Joseph. "National Shipbuilding Research Program (NSRP) Surface Prep and Coatings (SP&C) Panel Project: Final Report: Reducing Inspection Costs Using the Latest Digital Inspection Tools." In SSPC 2016 Greencoat. SSPC, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2016-00077.
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The National Shipbuilding Research Program (NSRP) is an industry-led, Navy-sponsored collaboration of U.S. shipyards working together to reduce the cost of building, operating and repairing Navy ships by improving productivity and quality through advanced technology and processes. In 2014 the NSRP Surface Preparation & Coatings Panel obtained approval from the Executive Control Board for funding of a project that would evaluate the latest in digital coating inspection instruments and their potential for cost savings in the inspection of Navy vessels. An important part of the NSRP mission is sharing non-classified projects with industry. This paper will share the findings of this twelve-month Navy and industry project.
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Van Scoyoc, William L. "Personnel Qualification and Certification for Abrasive Blast Cleaning, Coating, and Lining Applicators in the Rail Industries." In CORROSION 1990. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90259.
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Abstract This paper endeavors to define a feasible procedure for qualification and certification of personnel employed in the coating, lining, and surface preparation of rail equipment. The paper defines the levels of skill in this industry and proposes a standard for specifics for closing the gap in quality control and quality assurances programs.
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Wiersma, B. J., J. I. Mickalonis, and B. L. Garcia-Diaz. "Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel in High Concentration Nitrate Solutions." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10233.
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Abstract High-level waste is stored at the Savannah River Site in large underground tanks constructed of carbon steel. The waste is composed of three phases: salt cake, sludge and supernate. In order to prepare feed for waste immobilization processes, the salt cake is dissolved in water for transfer to the feed preparation tank. During the salt dissolution process, a stage is achieved in which the inhibitor concentrations may not meet the requirements of the corrosion control program for the waste tanks. The addition of inhibitors may be counterproductive to the efficiency of the process and to waste minimization. Given the high nitrate concentrations in the salt cake, the primary corrosion mechanisms of concern is pitting and nitrate stress corrosion cracking (SCC). An experimental program was undertaken to assess both the corrosion susceptibility of low carbon steel to high nitrate (4.5-8.5 M) solutions with low inhibitor concentrations (&lt;0.6 M hydroxide and &lt;0.2 M nitrite) and the risks associated with operating at these lower inhibitor concentrations for the short period of time that salt dissolution occurs. Electrochemical corrosion testing was the first phase of testing to identify the susceptibility to localized corrosion, especially pitting and SCC for welded and un-welded samples.
Reports on the topic "Preparation of a control program"
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Posso, Christian, Estefanía Saravia, and Pablo Uribe. Acing the Test: Educational Effects of the SaberEs Test Preparation Program in Colombia. Banco de la República, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1237.
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Education in Colombia and Latin America is characterized by significant gaps in the quality of education as measured by standardized test scores. This paper assesses the impact of a Colombian program called SaberEs, which strengthens preparation for standardized cognitive tests such as the high school exit exam in Colombia (Saber 11 ) for low socioeconomic status students. The program provides competency-based training sessions to develop skills for analyzing and solving specific types of questions within school hours. Our difference-in-differences estimates show that SaberEs increased Saber 11 scores by 2.22 ranks (or 0.074 standard deviations), which implies that the socioeconomic achievement gap was reduced by 23% regarding the control schools. Also, students affected by the program experienced a significant increase in access to tertiary education and merit-based scholarships in Colombia.
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Wyatt, Alan. Case Study: Performance-based Contract for NRW Reduction and Control New Providence, Bahamas. Inter-American Development Bank, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009375.
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The purpose of this case study is to review the context, preparation and implementation progress of the Bahamas Water and Sewerage Corporation’s (WSC) Performance-based Contract (PBC) for Non-Revenue Water (NRW) management in New Providence, Bahamas. This innovative contract was implemented as part of the IDB Loan Project: WSC Support Program – New Providence Water Supply and Sanitation Systems Upgrade (BH-L1028). Specialists at IDB, at other international organizations and managers and policymakers at the country / utility levels in the LAC Region will gain an in-depth look into how this project was formulated, and how it was, and is still, being implemented and monitored. They can also gain lessons of experience on NRW and the use of PBCs from the experience of the Bahamas. The Bahamas is overstressed on water availability, and New Providence is one of the most overstressed areas in the Caribbean. WSC began operations in 1976 under times of water stress and rationing, but in good financial condition. Looking forward, WSC’s main development strategy was to continually add small increments of production capacity to be able to meet demand with a narrow margin. As time went on, wells and barged water supplies became far less attractive, due to salinization of many aquifers and logistical difficulties with barging. At this time, desalination is the only viable source of water for New Providence, in spite of its cost.
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Soldano, Miguel, Michelle Fryer, Ana María Linares, et al. Country Program Evaluation: Panama (2010-2014). Inter-American Development Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010618.
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This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) is the third independent evaluation of the country program of the Inter-American Development Bank (the Bank) with Panama. Past evaluations covered the periods 1991-2003 (RE-305), when the country was transitioning to full control of its prime economic asset, the Panama Canal, and the Canal Zone territory and infrastructure, and 2005-2009 (RE-359), a period characterized by extraordinarily good macroeconomic performance and significant fiscal reform. This CPE spans January 2010 to December 2014, years marked by an ambitious public investment program and a strong reduction in unemployment and poverty, although accompanied by income inequality.According to the Bank's Protocol for Country Program Evaluations (RE-348-3), the main goal of a CPE is to provide information on Bank performance at the country level that is credible and useful, and that enables the incorporation of lessons and recommendations that can be used to improve the development effectiveness of the Bank's overall strategy and program of country assistance. Like other CPEs, this evaluation seeks to examine the Bank's relationship with the country from an independent perspective, strengthening accountability and facilitating learning to serve as an input to the new Country Strategy under preparation for 2015-2019. To prepare this document, OVE interviewed the Bank's main counterparts among Panama's authorities, project execution units, civil society and the private sector, multilateral agencies with presence in Panama, and Bank staff in Panama and at Headquarters. OVE also visited Bank-supported projects to assess implementation progress and challenges. The evaluation portfolio includes all operations approved over the review period, together with those approved previously but implemented during the review period. Chapter 1 examines Panamas economic and social development over 2010-2014 and considers the countrys medium-term prospects. Chapter 2 analyzes the strategic and financial relevance of the Bank's program and assesses implementation effectiveness. Chapter 3 discusses the results achieved in the six strategic sectors identified by the 2010-2014 Country Strategy and assesses the use of country systems. Chapter 4 presents concluding remarks and recommendations. The annexes provide details of the portfolio and include figures that support OVE's analysis.
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Sergeev, Alexander, Nikolay Litusov, Ekaterina Voroshilina, et al. Electronic educational resource Microbiology, virology and immunology. SIB-Expertise, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0769.29012024.
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"The electronic educational resource has been prepared as information support for the independent work of students, residents and graduate students mastering the main educational programs of higher professional education of the enlarged group of specialties Healthcare, developed on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education and Professional Standards and providing for the formation of knowledge in microbiology and virology and immunology. The electronic educational resource provides information on the morphology, physiology, genetics, ecology of microorganisms, the basics of infectology and the epidemiology of infectious diseases. Each section is accompanied by control questions and practice tests. The manual contains extensive illustrative material that contributes to the assimilation of the issues under study. The electronic educational resource will help in the work of students, residents and graduate students both directly in practical classes and in preparation for classes, tests and exams."
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Hedrick, Ronald, and Herve Bercovier. Characterization and Control of KHV, A New Herpes Viral Pathogen of Koi and Common Carp. United States Department of Agriculture, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695871.bard.
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In this project we proposed to characterize the virus genome and the structural virion polypeptides to allow development of improved diagnostic approaches and potential vaccination strategies. These goals have been mostly achieved and the corresponding data were published in three papers (see below) and three more manuscripts are in preparation. The virion polypeptides of KHV strains isolated from USA (KHV-U) and Israel (KHV-I) were found to be identical. Purified viral DNA analyzed with a total of 5 restriction enzymes demonstrated no fragment length polymorphism between KHV-I and KHV-U but both KHV isolates differed significantly from the cyprinid herpesvirus (CHV) and the ictalurid herpesvirus (channel catfish virus or CCV). Using newly obtained viral DNA sequences two different PCR assays were developed that need to be now further tested in the field. We determined by pulse field analysis that the size of KHV genome is around 280 kbp (1-1. Bercovier, unpublished results). Sequencing of the viral genome of KHV has reached the stage where 180 kbp are sequenced (twice and both strands). Four hypothetical genes were detected when DNA sequences were translated into amino acid sequences. The finding of a gene of real importance, the thymidine kinase (TK) led us to extend the study of this specific gene. Four other genes related to DNA synthesis were found. PCR assays based on defined sequences were developed. The PCR assay based on TK gene sequence has shown improved sensitivity in the detection of KHV DNA compared to regular PCR assays. </P> <P><SPAN>With the ability to induce experimental infections in koi with KHV under controlled laboratory conditions we have studied the progress and distribution of virus in host tissues, the development of immunity and the establishment of latent infections. Also, we have investigated the important role of water temperature on severity of infections and mortality of koi following infections with KHV. These initial studies need to be followed by an increased focus on long-term fate of the virus in survivors. This is essential in light of the current &quot;controlled exposure program&quot; used by farmers to produce KHV &quot;naturally resistant fish&quot; that may result in virus or DNA carriers. </SPAN></P> <P><SPAN>The information gained from the research of this project was designed to allow implementation of control measures to prevent the spread of the virus both by improved diagnostic approaches and preventive measures. We have accomplished most of these goals but further studies are needed to establish even more reliable methods of prevention with increased emphases on improved diagnosis and a better understanding of the ecology of KHV. </SPAN>
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Salama, A. I. A. Canadian coal preparation process-control research and development directions. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305064.
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King, C. University Principal Preparation Initiative: Program Redesign Progress Continuum. Education Development Center, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.59656/el-pp3912.002.
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Krabill, Eleanor, Vivienne Zhang, Eric Lepowsky, et al. Menzingen Verification Experiment - Verifying the Absence of Nuclear Weapons in the Field. Edited by Pavel Podvig. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/wmd/23/mve.
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The Menzingen Verification Experiment described in this report was designed to test practical procedures for verifying the absence of nuclear weapons at a storage site. The experiment, which was conducted on 8 March 2023, was organized by UNIDIR in partnership with the Swiss Armed Forces, Spiez Laboratory, Princeton University’s Program on Science and Global Security, and the Open Nuclear Network. The project was supported by the Governments of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Norway, and Switzerland. The experiment modelled an on-site inspection of a nuclear weapons storage site, represented by a former air defence site near Menzingen, Switzerland. In preparation for the experiment, UNIDIR developed a model protocol governing the inspection activities. Together with its partners, it designed procedures to confirm the non-nuclear nature of the inspected items, including radiation measurements with active sources, and arranged for the acquisition of satellite imagery of the site. The scenario developed for the experiment assumed that the inspection was conducted as part of an agreement that requires the parties to remove all nuclear weapons from storage sites associated with military bases that host nuclear-capable delivery systems. The inspection procedures used in the experiment were modelled on those developed for the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty and New START. The Menzingen Verification Experiment demonstrated in practice the viability of the approach to nuclear disarmament based on removing nuclear weapons from their delivery systems. It provided an opportunity to test in practice specific verification procedures and techniques, provided valuable insights into the challenges that can be encountered during an on-site inspection, and identified promising new approaches to verification that can create political space for arms control and disarmament initiatives.
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Husson, Scott M., Viatcheslav Freger, and Moshe Herzberg. Antimicrobial and fouling-resistant membranes for treatment of agricultural and municipal wastewater. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598151.bard.
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This research project introduced a novel membrane coating strategy to combat biofouling, which is a major problem for the membrane-based treatment of agricultural and municipal wastewaters. The novelty of the strategy is that the membrane coatings have the unique ability to switch reversibly between passive (antifouling) and active (antimicrobial) fouling control mechanisms. This dual-mode approach differs fundamentally from other coating strategies that rely solely on one mode of fouling control. The research project had two complementary objectives: (1) preparation, characterization, and testing of dual-mode polymer nanolayers on planar surfaces and (2) evaluation of these nanolayers as membrane modifiers. The first objective was designed to provide a fundamental understanding of how polymer nanolayer chemistry and structure affect bacterial deposition and to demonstrate the reversibility of chemical switching. The second objective, which focused on membrane development, characterization, and testing, was designed to demonstrate methods for the production of water treatment membranes that couple passive and active biofouling control mechanisms. Both objectives were attained through synergistic collaboration among the three research groups. Using planar silicon and glass surfaces, we demonstrated using infrared spectroscopy that this new polymer coating can switch reversibly between the anti-fouling, zwitterion mode and an anti-microbial, quaternary amine mode. We showed that switching could be done more than 50 times without loss of activity and that the kinetics for switching from a low fouling zwitterion surface to an antimicrobial quaternary amine surface is practical for use. While a low pH was required for switching in the original polymer, we illustrated that by slightly altering the chemistry, it is possible to adjust the pH at which the switching occurs. A method was developed for applying the new zwitterionic surface chemistry onto polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes. Bacteria deposition studies showed that the new chemistry performed better than other common anti-fouling chemistries. Biofilm studies showed that PESultrafiltration membranes coated with the new chemistry accumulated half the biomass volume as unmodified membranes. Biofilm studies also showed that PES membranes coated with the new chemistry in the anti-microbial mode attained higher biofilm mortality than PES membranes coated with a common, non-switchablezwitterionic polymer. Results from our research are expected to improve membrane performance for the purification of wastewaters prior to use in irrigation. Since reduction in flux due to biofouling is one of the largest costs associated with membrane processes in water treatment, using dual-mode nanolayer coatings that switch between passive and active control of biofouling and enable detachment of attached biofoulants would have significant economic and societal impacts. Specifically, this research program developed and tested advanced ultrafiltration membranes for the treatment of wastewaters. Such membranes could find use in membrane bioreactors treating municipal wastewater, a slightly upgraded version of what presently is used in Israel for irrigation. They also may find use for pretreatment of agricultural wastewaters, e.g., rendering facility wastewater, prior to reverse osmosis for desalination. The need to desalinate such impaired waters water for unlimited agricultural use is likely in the near future.
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King, C. L. Quality Measures: Principal Preparation Program Self-Study Toolkit—12th Edition. Education Development Center, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.59656/el-pp3912.001.
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