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Journal articles on the topic 'Presbyterianism History 19th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Langley, Chris R. "Sheltering under the Covenant: The National Covenant, Orthodoxy and the Irish Rebellion, 1638–1644." Scottish Historical Review 96, no. 2 (2017): 137–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2017.0333.

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The Irish rebellion of October 1641 drove large numbers of clerical migrants across the Irish Sea to Scotland. These ministers brought news of protestantism's plight in Ireland, petitions for charitable aid and, in many cases, requests to work as preachers in Scotland. Historians have long recognised the social and religious links between Ireland and Scotland in the mid-seventeenth century and have seen these men as part of a wider effort to establish presbyterianism across Britain and Ireland. Such an argument fails to understand the complexity of mid-seventeenth-century presbyterianism. This paper explores these petitions for work and the less-than-enthusiastic response of ecclesiastical authorities in Scotland. Rather than automatically embracing Irish ministers as fellow presbyterians, the covenanted kirk leadership was aware that the infant presbyterian congregations in Ireland had followed a very different course to their own. Rather than fellow sufferers for Christ's cause, or part of a wider covenanted network, kirk leaders needed to assess Irish ministers for their godly credentials.

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2

Driel, Lodewijk van. "19th-century linguistics." Historiographia Linguistica 15, no. 1-2 (1988): 155–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.15.1-2.09dri.

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Summary In this paper an attempt has been made to draw a picture of linguistics in the Netherlands during the 19th century. The aim of this survey is to make clear that the influence of German linguistics on Dutch works of the period is characteristic of the development of Dutch linguistics in that century. Emphasis has been placed on the period 1800–1870; three traditions are distinguished: First of all there is the tradition of prescriptive grammar and language instruction. Next attention is drawn to the tradition of historical-comparative linguistics. Finally, by about the middle of the century, the linguistic views of German representatives of general grammar become prominent in Dutch school grammars. Successively we point to the reception by the schoolmasters of K. F. Becker’s (1775–1849) work; then Taco Roorda (1801–1874) is discussed, and the relationship between L. A. te Winkel (1809–1868) and H. Steinthal (1823–1899) is presented. In conjunction with Roorda’s work on Javanese the analysis of the so-called exotic languages is mentioned, an aspect of Dutch linguistics in the 19th century closely connected with the Dutch East Indies. It is obvious that the German theme is one of the most conspicuous common elements in 19th-century Dutch linguistics, as Dutch intellectuals in many respects took German culture as a model.

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3

Wilson, Robin. "19th-Century Mathematical Physics." Mathematical Intelligencer 40, no. 4 (2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00283-018-9836-0.

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4

Rockenbach, Stephen, and William L. Barney. "A Companion to 19th-Century America." Journal of Southern History 74, no. 4 (2008): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27650332.

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5

Kahlow, Andreas. "Materials in 19th century Germany." History and Technology 7, no. 3-4 (1991): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07341519108581779.

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6

Nicholls, E. Henry. "Snaphots of 19th-century science." Endeavour 29, no. 3 (2005): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2005.07.003.

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7

Battaner Moro, Elena. "A 19th-century speaking machine." Historiographia Linguistica 34, no. 1 (2007): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.34.1.03bat.

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Summary The Tecnefón is a speaking machine developed in Spain in the 1860s by Severino Pérez y Vázquez. Pérez’s main book on the Tecnefón was published in 1868. Within the context of speaking machines designed from the 18th century onwards, the Tecnefón is built on an acoustical basis; hence it is different from W. von Kempelen’s device, which tried to ‘replicate’ the phonatory system. The Tecnefón has three main parts: a drum that generates sound (the source), an air chamber to hold such sound, and a set of tubes, chambers, and other artefacts propelled by a keyboard. Pérez created a prototype of a speaking machine that performed five vowels and six consonants, so it could ‘speak’ many sentences in Spanish. To this he added accent and intonation with a lever. However, the Tecnefón was never finished due to institutional circumstances that prevented Pérez from pursuing his research.

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8

Crosland, M. P. "Two 19th-century French physical scientists." Metascience 19, no. 2 (2010): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11016-010-9365-8.

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9

Tiedemann, Joseph S. "Presbyterianism and the American Revolution in the Middle Colonies." Church History 74, no. 2 (2005): 306–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000964070011025x.

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After the Revolution, Thomas Jones, an embittered loyalist exile, identified the culprits he deemed responsible for the rebellion in New York: the Whig “triumvirate” of Presbyterians—William Livingston, William Smith, and John Morin Scott. Jones averred that in theIndependent Reflector(1752–53) andWatch Tower(1754–55), which they authored, “the established Church was abused, Monarchy derided, Episcopacy reprobated, and republicanism held up, as the best existing form of government.” The three wrote “with a rancor, a malevolence, and an acrimony, not to be equaled but by the descendants of those presbyterian and repulblican fanatics, whose ancestors had in the preceding century brought their Sovereign to the block, subverted the best constitution in the world, and upon its ruins erected presbyterianism, republicanism, and hypocrisy.”

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10

Bodenhorn, Howard. "Criminal sentencing in 19th-century Pennsylvania." Explorations in Economic History 46, no. 3 (2009): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2009.03.001.

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11

Kulbaka, Jacek. "From the history of disabilities (16th-19th century)." Biuletyn Historii Wychowania, no. 38 (October 11, 2019): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bhw.2018.38.2.

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The article presents various circumstances (social, legal, philosophical and scientific) connected with the care, upbringing and education of people with disabilities from the early modern era to the beginning of the 20th century. Particular attention was to the history of people with disabilities in the Polish lands. The author tried to recall the activity of leading educational activists, pedagogues and scientists – animators of special education in Poland, Europe and the world. The text also contains information related to the activities of educational and upbringing institutions (institutional, organisational, methodological and other aspects).

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12

Kaminski, H. J. "A History of Neurophysiology in the 19th Century." Neurology 38, no. 12 (1988): 1901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.38.12.1901-a.

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13

Hughes, John R. "A history of neurophysiology in the 19th century." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 69, no. 5 (1988): 495–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(88)90073-9.

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14

Coultrap-McQuin, Susan, and Susan K. Harris. "19th-Century American Women's Novels: Interpretative Strategies." Journal of American History 78, no. 2 (1991): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2079580.

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15

Hochadel, Oliver. "Science in the 19th-century zoo." Endeavour 29, no. 1 (2005): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2004.11.002.

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16

VAN OYEN, G. "The Doublets in 19th-Century Gospel Study." Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 73, no. 4 (1997): 277–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/etl.73.4.504828.

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17

Marder, Nancy S. "The Changing Landscape of 19th Century Courts." Reviews in American History 46, no. 3 (2018): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.2018.0065.

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18

Jacks, David S. "What drove 19th century commodity market integration?" Explorations in Economic History 43, no. 3 (2006): 383–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2005.05.001.

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19

Katznelson, Ira, Hartmut Kaelble, and Bruce Little. "Industrialization and Social Inequality in 19th-Century Europe." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 19, no. 2 (1988): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204675.

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20

Freemantle, Harry. "Frédéric Le Play and 19th-century vision machines." History of the Human Sciences 30, no. 1 (2016): 66–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695116673526.

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An early proponent of the social sciences, Frédéric Le Play, was the occupant of senior positions within the French state in the mid- to late 19th century. He was writing at a time when science was ascending. There was for him no doubt that scientific observation, correctly applied, would allow him unmediated access to the truth. It is significant that Le Play was the organizer of a number of universal expositions because these expositions were used as vehicles to demonstrate the ascendant position of western civilization. The fabrication of linear time is a history of progress requiring a vision of history analogous to the view offered the spectator at a diorama. Le Play employed the design principles and spirit of the diorama in his formulations for the social sciences, and L’Exposition Universelle of 1867 used the technology wherever it could. Both the gaze of the spectators and the objects viewed are part and products of the same particular and unique historical formation. Ideas of perception cannot be separated out from the conditions that make them possible. Vision and its effects are inseparable from the observing subject who is both a product of a particular historical moment and the site of certain practices.

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21

Graus, Andrea. "Mysticism in the courtroom in 19th-century Europe." History of the Human Sciences 31, no. 3 (2018): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695118761499.

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This article examines how and why criminal proceedings were brought against alleged cases of Catholic mysticism in several European countries during modernity. In particular, it explores how criminal charges were derived from mystical experiences and shows how these charges were examined inside the courtroom. To bring a lawsuit against supposed mystics, justice systems had to reduce their mysticism to ‘facts’ or actions involving a breach of the law, usually fraud. Such accusations were not the main reason why alleged mystics were taken to court, however. Focusing on three representative examples, in Spain, France and Germany, I argue that ‘mystic trials’ had more to do with specific conflicts between the defendant and the ecclesiastical or secular authorities than with public concern regarding pretence of the supernatural. Criminal courts in Europe approached such cases in a similar way. Just as in ecclesiastical inquiries, during the trials, judges called upon expert testimony to debunk the allegedly supernatural. Once a mystic entered the courtroom, his or her reputation was profoundly affected. Criminal lawsuits had a certain ‘demystifying power’ and were effective in stifling the fervour surrounding the alleged mystics. All in all, mystic trials offer a rich example of the ways in which modern criminal justice dealt with increasing enthusiasm for the supernatural during the 19th century.

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22

Weston, Robert. "Whooping Cough: A Brief History to the 19th Century." Canadian Bulletin of Medical History 29, no. 2 (2012): 329–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.29.2.329.

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23

Herucová, Marta. "Case Studies in the 19th Century History of Art." Acta Historiae Artium 49, no. 1 (2008): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/ahista.49.2008.1.38.

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24

Spindler, Gerald, and Herbert Hovenkamp. "Reshaping Legal and Economic History in the 19th Century." American Journal of Comparative Law 42, no. 4 (1994): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/840635.

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25

Sissons, Jeffrey. "Heroic History and Chiefly Chapels in 19th Century Tahiti." Oceania 78, no. 3 (2008): 320–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1834-4461.2008.tb00044.x.

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26

Agensky, Jonathan C. "Recognizing religion: Politics, history, and the “long 19th century”." European Journal of International Relations 23, no. 4 (2017): 729–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066116681428.

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Analyses of religion and international politics routinely concern the persistence of religion as a critical element in world affairs. However, they tend to neglect the constitutive interconnections between religion and political life. Consequently, religion is treated as exceptional to mainstream politics. In response, recent works focus on the relational dimensions of religion and international politics. This article advances an “entangled history” approach that emphasizes the constitutive, relational, and historical dimensions of religion — as a practice, discursive formation, and analytical category. It argues that these public dimensions of religion share their conditions of possibility and intelligibility in a political order that crystallized over the long 19th century. The neglect of this period has enabled International Relations to treat religion with a sense of closure at odds with the realities of religious political behavior and how it is understood. Refocusing on religion’s historical entanglements recovers the concept as a means of explaining international relations by “recognizing” how it is constituted as a category of social life. Beyond questions of the religious and political, this article speaks to renewed debates about the role of history in International Relations, proposing entanglement as a productive framing for international politics more generally.

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27

Hare, E. H. "On the History of Lunacy: 19th Century and After." History of Psychiatry 9, no. 33 (1998): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x9800903313.

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28

Rieppel, Lukas. "New order in the history of 19th century biology." Endeavour 33, no. 4 (2009): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2009.09.002.

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29

Jolliffe, Lee. "Women's Magazines in the 19th Century." Journal of Popular Culture 27, no. 4 (1994): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3840.1994.2704_125.x.

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30

VALENZUELA, LUIS. "Plebeians and Patricians in 19th Century Chile." Journal of Historical Sociology 2, no. 3 (1989): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6443.1989.tb00142.x.

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31

Doležalová, Eva, Marie Šedivá Koldinská, Martin Sekera, Jana Mezerová, and Marek Junek. "History." Muzeum: Muzejní a vlastivedná práce 55, no. 3 (2017): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmvp-2017-0033.

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Abstract The exposition named History will present the development of the Czech lands from the 9th century till the present. The exposition will be divided into two separate spaces – the Historical Building of the National Museum will house the history of the 9th–19th centuries and the New Building of the National Museum will house the history from the 20th century. Despite reflecting to a certain extent the traditional division of the Middle Ages, Early Modern Period, the “long” 19th century, and the 20th century, the narrative will be continuous without any artificial historical disruptions. We will debunk some historical myths and stereotypes. Emphasis will be laid on the presentation of items from the collections of the National Museum. A certain update will also be important, i.e. the presentation of ideas and symbols, that we refer to today. Parallel narratives will be nonetheless important, as they will show that history is not unambiguous and that certain events can be viewed from several different perspectives (e.g. the winner and the loser, nobleman and subject). Last but not least, we will address the issues of individual freedom and its limits.

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32

Smith, Sherry L., and Pamela Herr. "Jessie Benton Fremont: American Woman of the 19th Century." Western Historical Quarterly 19, no. 2 (1988): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/968397.

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33

Paul, Andrea I., and Martha Mitten Allen. "Traveling West: 19th Century Women on the Overland Routes." Western Historical Quarterly 19, no. 2 (1988): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/968411.

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34

Liebenberg, Elri. "Thomas Baines’s Contribution to 19th Century South African Cartography." Terrae Incognitae 51, no. 1 (2019): 36–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00822884.2019.1574451.

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35

BRADLOW, EDNA. "Women at the Cape in the Mid-19th Century." South African Historical Journal 19, no. 1 (1987): 51–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582478708671622.

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36

Mein Smith, Philippa. "Australia’s Fertility Transition: A Study of 19th-Century Tasmania." Australian Historical Studies 52, no. 1 (2021): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2021.1861687.

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37

Johnston, Ewan. "Reinventing Fiji at 19th-century and early 20th-century exhibitions." Journal of Pacific History 40, no. 1 (2005): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223340500082459.

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38

Freudenberger, Herman, and Hartmut Kaelble. "Industrialisation and Social Inequality in 19th-Century Europe." American Historical Review 93, no. 5 (1988): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1873585.

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39

Lankford, John. "Photography and the 19th-Century Transits of Venus." Technology and Culture 28, no. 3 (1987): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3104996.

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40

Walton, Whitney, and Hartmut Kaelble. "Industrialisation and Social Inequality in 19th-Century Europe." Technology and Culture 29, no. 3 (1988): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105303.

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41

Bradbury, Bettina. "Surviving as a Widow in 19th-century Montreal." Articles 17, no. 3 (2013): 148–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017628ar.

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This paper is a preliminary attempt to examine demographic and economic aspects of widowhood in 19th-century Montreal and the ways working-class widows in particular could survive. Although men and women lost spouses in roughly equal proportions, widows remarried much less frequently than widowers. In the reconstruction of their family economy that followed the loss of the main wage earner, some of these women sought work themselves, mostly in the sewing trades or as domestics or washerwomen. A few had already been involved in small shops, and some used their dower, inheritance, or insurance policies to set up a shop, a saloon, or a boarding-house. Children were the most valuable asset of a widow, and they were more likely to work and to stay at home through their teens and twenties than in father-headed families. Additional strategies, including sharing housing with other families, raising animals, or trading on the streets, were drawn upon; they established an economy of makeshift arrangements that characterized the world of many working-class widows.

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42

Aytberov, Temur, and Shahban Khapizov. "Pro-Qajar Elements in Dagestan (Early 19th Century)." Iran and the Caucasus 14, no. 2 (2010): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338410x12743419190223.

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AbstractIt is known that the Qajars had their supporters in Dagestan during the Russo-Persian Wars in the early 19th century. This fact is well documented in Persian chronicles and royal decrees (firmāns), as well as in the materials from the Russian archives. However, the number of historical documents originating from the region itself is drastically few. This paper presents three letters in Arabic, without dates, but definitely from the same period, illustrating the political situation of the time in the mountains of Dagestan and the geographical extent of the Qajar influence in the area. The letters were discovered recently in the Archives of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Dagestan Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences in Makhachkala. The English translation is accompanied by the facsimile reproduction of the original texts, and commentaries.

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43

Oviedo, Gilberto Leonardo. "Colombian approaches to psychology in the 19th century." History of Psychology 15, no. 4 (2012): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0026798.

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44

Patyk, Lynn Ellen. "Reading, Writing, and Realism in 19th-Century Russia." Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 20, no. 2 (2019): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/kri.2019.0025.

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45

Orser, Charles E. "Three 19th-century house sites in rural Ireland." Post-Medieval Archaeology 44, no. 1 (2010): 81–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174581310x12662382629175.

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46

Rosi, Bruno Goncalves. "Personal Evangelism or Social Reform? The Challenge to Brazilian Presbyterianism in the Nineteenth Century." Unio Cum Christo 7, no. 1 (2021): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc7.1.2021.art7.

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This article analyses how Presbyterian missionaries and the early pastors in Brazil answered the call to help lead the country to material progress. In terms of organization, it follows the chronological order of a scheme traditional among historians of Presbyterianism in Brazil: beginning, consolidation, and dissent. It begins with the antecedents and mostly the work of the pioneer James Cooley Fletcher. While some leaders wanted to help Brazil develop as a nation, most workers in the early Presbyterian Church had a more conservative approach. They were not necessarily antagonistic to the material progress the gospel could bring but favored personal evangelism as their main goal. Debates on this issue would mark the early denomination, especially in its dissent phase. KEYWORDS: Ashbel Green Simonton, James Cooley Fletcher, Brazilian history, missionary history, missions to Brazil, evangelism, social work

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47

Brockhaus, Richard R. "Realism and Psychologism in 19th Century Logic." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 51, no. 3 (1991): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2107873.

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48

Mudry, Albert, Robert Mlynski, and Burkhard Kramp. "History of otorhinolaryngology in Germany before 1921." HNO 69, no. 5 (2021): 338–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00106-021-01046-9.

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AbstractIn 2021, the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery is celebrating the 100th anniversary of its foundation. The aim of this article is to present the main inventions and progress made in Germany before 1921, the date the society was founded. Three chronological periods are discernible: the history of otorhinolaryngology (ORL) in Germany until the beginning of the 19th century, focusing mainly on the development of scattered knowledge; the birth of the sub-specialties otology, laryngology (pharyngo-laryngology and endoscopy), and rhinology in the 19th century, combining advances in knowledge and implementation of academic structures; and the creation of the ORL specialty at the turn of the 20th century, mainly concentrating on academic organization and expansion. This period was crucial and allowed for the foundation of the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery on solid ground. Germany played an important role in the development and progress of ORL internationally in the 19th century with such great contributors as Anton von Tröltsch, Hermann Schwartze, Otto Körner, Rudolf Voltolini, and Gustav Killian to mention a few.

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49

Howat, Marjory M. "19th-century Perth newspapers indexed and abstracted." Indexer: The International Journal of Indexing: Volume 18, Issue 1 18, no. 1 (1992): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/indexer.1992.18.1.7.

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Describes the indexing and abstracting of three 19th-century newspapers of Perth, Scotland, including problems of organizing volunteers, dealing with local history material, and selection policy for headings.

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50

Kalinina, Elena A. "Libraries of Educations Institutions in Russia in the First Half of 19th Century." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)], no. 4 (August 12, 2010): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2010-0-4-96-101.

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Libraries are the integral part of cultural history of Russia. Widespread opening of school libraries in the Russian Empire began in the early 19th century. They began opening school libraries across Russia in the beginning of the 19th century. The paper aims to show the formation and development of libraries in educational institutions of Russia in the first half of the 19th century. The research is based on legislative documents regulating the functions of activity of school libraries and archival materials on the Russian history of the 19th century.

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