Relevant bibliographies by topics / Present Circumstance

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Present Circumstance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Present Circumstance"

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Itsubo, Norihiro, and Ryoichi Yamamoto. "The Present Circumstance of Life Cycle Impact Analysis." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 573 (1997): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1997.573_1.

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Hassan, Ahmed M. Taher. "Russian –Gulf Relations: Reading in Present Interactions and Future Challenges." Asian Social Science 14, no. 2 (2018): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n2p133.

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The current study tries to examine the Russian – Gulf relations, which witnessed the stages of convergence and divergence. The main factor governing these relations between the two sides is the regional and international conditions and interactions. There are a set of variables which have affected the Russian foreign policy making towards the Gulf region. The study aims to measure the impact of these variables on Russian-Gulf relations and to explore the future of these relations in light of these variables. To discuss this phenomenon and achieve the required results, systems analysis approach is adopted. The study concluded that the success of the Russian-Gulf rapprochement must be built on common direct interests with multiple directions and must not be built on the urgent international and regional circumstances. Thus, the relations between the two parties must transform from the relations of attitude and circumstance to the level of fixed strategic cooperative relations.
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TELLKAMP, Jorge A. "Las circunstancias del acto humano en la filosofía moral de Tomás de Aquino." Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval 12 (October 1, 2005): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/refime.v12i.8550.

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The present article presents the notions of circumstance in the moral philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. In the first place the theoretical framework is outlined, emphasising the concepts of will, object and end. Secondly, the ontology of the circumstances is analysez, showing that they qualify as accidents of voluntary actions as opposed to their substance. Thirdly, the explanatory power of this theory will be looked at. Thus, the conclusions are twofold: (1) the ontology of the theory of circumstances seems to be flawed, and (2) despite this shortcoming, it still has a considerable explanatory force to account for the complexity of voluntary actiosn in particular contexts.
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Yang, Cen, and Yuji Naya. "Hippocampal cells integrate past memory and present perception for the future." PLOS Biology 18, no. 11 (2020): e3000876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000876.

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The ability to use stored information in a highly flexible manner is a defining feature of the declarative memory system. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying this flexibility are poorly understood. To address this question, we recorded single-unit activity from the hippocampus of 2 nonhuman primates performing a newly devised task requiring the monkeys to retrieve long-term item-location association memory and then use it flexibly in different circumstances. We found that hippocampal neurons signaled both mnemonic information representing the retrieved location and perceptual information representing the external circumstance. The 2 signals were combined at a single-neuron level to construct goal-directed information by 3 sequentially occurring neuronal operations (e.g., convergence, transference, and targeting) in the hippocampus. Thus, flexible use of knowledge may be supported by the hippocampal constructive process linking memory and perception, which may fit the mnemonic information into the current situation to present manageable information for a subsequent action.
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Greenlee, J. Harold. "New Testament Circumstantial Participles." Journal of Translation 1, no. 1 (2005): 57–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54395/jot-4fx8w.

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Participles in the Greek NT have a great variety of meanings or functions. One important meaning is to express a circumstance: the aorist tense expressing a circumstance prior to the action of the leading verb; the present tense, a circumstance concurrent to or occasionally subsequent to that of the leading verb. Unfortunately, various grammars fail to distinguish the circumstantial function from other functions. English versions of the NT likewise often render participles incorrectly. The present article seeks to clarify these distinctions and to enable the reader of the Greek NT to determine the function of the participles he encounters.
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Yamamoto, Hiroyuki. "Present Circumstance around Percutaneous Coronary Intervention(PCI): Before and After Drug Eluting Stent(DES)Introduction." Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology 63, no. 6 (2007): 672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.63.672.

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Peronard, Marianne. "Spanish prepositions introducing adverbial constructions." Journal of Child Language 12, no. 1 (1985): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900006255.

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ABSTRACTThis study investigates the development of prepositions used in the expression of circumstances as adverbial adjuncts in the speech of three Spanish-speaking middle-class children. The study begins with the first appearance of one of these prepositions and the children are followed until age 4. In spite of the differences among the children concerning other aspects of their language development, what predominates in the present case is similarity. Both the forms and the meanings expressed turned up in much the same sequence in the speech of the three children. Yet when both form and meaning were seen together the results showed great variability; that is, each child began expressing a given circumstance by means of a different preposition. On the other hand, the circumstance most commonly expressed by means of new prepositions was place. The amount of polysemy increased with age, usually starting with a single meaning for each preposition. Expressions were found which seemed to represent intermediate stages between an early general category (co-occurrence) and the more specific semantic categories of space, instrument and company.
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Kaplan, Alexander Morris, William Bradly Pitts, and Iqbal Ahmed. "An Unexpected Circumstance: Acute Dystonic Reaction in the Setting of Clozapine Administration." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 32, no. 1 (2017): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190017737696.

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Clozapine is a second-generation antipsychotic typically reserved for refractory psychotic disorders due to its high-risk side effect profile to include agranulocytosis, with its attendant need for regular blood draws. While reports of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including acute dystonic reactions, are exceedingly rare, we present the case of a 44-year-old male with a long-standing history of treatment-resistant schizoaffective disorder and no history of EPS who experienced an acute buccal dystonic reaction in the setting of clozapine initiation and discontinuation of depot and oral risperidone. This case report presents one of the few documented episodes of acute dystonic reactions occurring in the setting of clozapine administration. Based upon the patient’s history and the dosing time line of the medications, we propose that an interaction between the clozapine and residual risperidone was responsible for the development of the acute buccal dystonia.
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Zia-ur Rehman, Muhammad, Muzamil Shah, and Muhammad Usman Ullah. "Sustainable Development and Women’s rights in Pakistan – A Paradigmatic Analysis." Global Regional Review II, no. I (2017): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2017(ii-i).05.

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Human rights is the essential aspect for existence with dignity and poise on the planet. Its a truth universally acknowledge, that women are making around half of the total populace, yet at the same time are disregarded in varying backgrounds. Reasonable and practical steps are vital for the development as a nation. In Human Rights, a neglected aspect is “Women Rights” which is not neglected in academia but in practical fields of life. The paper focuses on the existing circumstance of women rights generally and particularly the circumstances of women rights in Paksitan. The study examines present conditions and circumstances, where women face varied issues. Conclusively, seven essential recommendations are made for women rights in public as well as in private organisations, in order to establish a balanced society with sustainable development.
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Muhammad, Zia-ur Rehman. "Sustainable Development and Women's rights in Pakistan - A Paradigmatic Analysis." Global Regional Review (GRR) 2, no. 1 (2017): 63–69. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2017(II-I).05.

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Human rights is the essential aspect for existence with dignity and poise on the planet. Its a truth universally acknowledge, that women are making around half of the total populace, yet at the same time are disregarded in varying backgrounds. Reasonable and practical steps are vital for the development as a nation. In Human Rights, a neglected aspect is “Women Rights” which is not neglected in academia but in practical fields of life. The paper focuses on the existing circumstance of women rights generally and particularly the circumstances of women rights in Paksitan. The study examines present conditions and circumstances, where women face varied issues. Conclusively, seven essential recommendations are made for women rights in public as well as in private organisations, in order to establish a balanced society with sustainable development.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Present Circumstance"

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Dubois-Aumercier, Marie. "Etudes des constructions participiales en -ing de l'anglais contemporain." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040083.

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La présente recherche traite des constructions participiales en –ing de l’anglais contemporain. Elle s’appuie sur un corpus de plus de 1700 occurrences de participiales issues de romans et d’articles de journaux, ainsi que sur le British National Corpus et le Corpus of Contemporary American English. Les participiales ont pour caractéristique majeure ne pas expliciter les liens syntaxiques et sémantiques qui les unissent à la proposition dont elles dépendent. Pour expliquer les fondements linguistiques de cette propriété, la recherche établit une typologie détaillée des participiales, étudie les relations qu’elles entretiennent avec leur sujet, ainsi que la nature de l’incidence et de la prédication qui les caractérisent, et détaille les interprétations sémantiques qu’elles peuvent recevoir. Elle montre que la valeur sémantique basique des participiales est la circonstance concomitante, soit un simple lien établi entre deux procès qui forment une unité dans l’esprit de l’énonciateur. Ce sont les traits spécifiques du co- et du contexte qui peuvent modifier cette valeur basique pour déboucher sur l’interprétation finale, adverbiale ou adjectivale, de la participiale. La recherche propose, dans le cadre de la psychosystématique de Gustave Guillaume, des hypothèses susceptibles d’expliquer le comportement syntaxique et sémantique des participiales ; elle montre qu’il est directement lié au sens du participe présent, dont il est postulé que l’incidence est interne et qu’il code la simultanéité et l’imperfectif dans tous ses emplois<br>This research deals with –ing participle clauses in contemporary English. It is based on a corpus totalling over 1,700 participle clauses collected from novels and newspaper articles, and it also relies on data from electronic corpora – the British National Corpus and the Corpus of Contemporary American English. The main characteristic of –ing participle clauses is that they lack an explicit syntactic and semantic link to their superordinate clause: to shed light on the linguistic phenomena accounting for this specificity, the research establishes a detailed typology of –ing clauses, studies their relationship to their subjects, investigates the specific nature of their incidence and predication, and provides a detailed analysis of their semantic indeterminacy. It shows that their basic semantic value is one of attendant circumstance – a mere link between two events or states that form a unit in the speaker’s mind. The characteristics of the co- and context may alter this basic value to give the clause its final (adjectival or adverbial) meaning. The research puts forward hypotheses to account for the syntactic and semantic characteristics of –ing participle clauses within the framework of Gustave Guillaume’s psychosystematic theory: it shows the syntactic and semantic behaviour of –ing clauses can be directly traced back to the meaning of the –ing participle, which, it is hypothesised, has an internal incidence and expresses simultaneity and imperfectivity in all of its uses
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Cherng-Wei, Hao, and 郝承偉. "The investigation of the present circumstance of the food and beverage department at senior high school level in northern Taiwan." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67182561833945322824.

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碩士<br>國立師範大學<br>家政教育學系<br>86<br>The research was to investigate the present circumstance of the Food and Beverage Department of the senior high schools and vocational high schools located in northern Taiwan. Nine schools were sampled to be the research objects. The research were developed by the researcher.The major findings of the research were as followings:1. The Food and Beverage Department has not been set for a long time. However, the number of students and teachers in each school are increasing.2. Almost all the teachers have to manage the laboratories, and to be the advisors of classes. The ratio of certificate professional teachers is not high. However, most uncertificate teachers are taking in-service education credits now. Nevertheless, there are only a few teachers possess skill certification in food and beverage area.3. Regarding to the required professional courses, most of them were similar to the standards, which designed by the Ministry of Education. However, each school has its own selected courses besides the ones recommended by the Ministry of Education. Some schools even have special enforcement program for students to get into advanced schools after graduation.4. For safety facilities required in the laboratories, the most important ones are extinguishers, smoke detectors, and gas automatic interdictions. Among the equipment, fire extinguisher is the most common one. Regarding to the professional facilities, they are big differences according to different purposes of different types of laboratories. The average spaces of laboratory are smaller than the official standards. The restaurant service training laboratories get the largest space, but the beverage labor5. There are seven schools offer the cooperated education programs with workplaces. Six difference model of cooperation education were: sandwich style, terrace style, scholarship style, practice style, employment-guaranteed style, and advanced-study style.6. The difficulties of the food and beverage education at senior high school level were: (1)lack of funds, (2)the facilities and maintenance are not enough, (3)teachers can''t get enough support and chances for advanced study, and (4)the difficulty in managing of laboratories.The suggestions to improve education in the food and beverage field and to future research were proposed by the research.
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Books on the topic "Present Circumstance"

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Steenstra, Sytze. Song and circumstance: The work of David Byrne from Talking Heads to the present. Continuum, 2010.

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Steenstra, Sytze. Song and circumstance: The work of David Byrne from Talking Heads to the present. Continuum, 2010.

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Steenstra, Sytze. Song and circumstance: The work of David Byrne from Talking Heads to the present. Continuum, 2010.

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Pinar, William. Curriculum studies in Brazil: Intellectual histories, present circumstances. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.

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William, Pinar, ed. Curriculum studies in South Africa: Intellectual histories & present circumstances. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.

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episcoporum, Catholic Church Synodus, and Catholic Church. Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops., eds. The Formation of priests in circumstances of the present day. Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops, 1990.

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Catholic Church. Consilium de Laicis. The formation of priests in circumstances of the present day: Lay contributions. Vatican Polyglot Press, 1990.

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Episcoporum, Catholic Church Synodus. Instrumentum laboris: The formation of priests in circumstances of the present day. Office for Publishing and Promotion Services, United States Catholic Conference, 1990.

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Bordo, Michael D. Under what circumstances, past and present, have international rescues of countries in financial distress been successful? National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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Australia. Dept. of Social Security. Social Policy Division. Research and Data Analysis Section., ed. The circumstances of long-term sickness beneficiaries, past, present & future: Results of a survey, February 1988. The Section, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Present Circumstance"

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Pinar, William F. "Present Circumstances." In Curriculum Studies in the United States. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137303424_2.

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Arslan, Busra. "Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Electrolyte Imbalance." In Special Circumstances in Resuscitation. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053358923.4.

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Electrolyte imbalances refer to situations where electrolytes are present at levels different from normal, often necessitating urgent medical intervention. Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) is critical in managing emergencies associated with electrolyte imbalances. Electrolyte imbalances can affect the electrical activity of the heart and lead to severe cardiac arrhythmias. For instance, hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) can increase the risk of ventricular fibrillation, while hypokalemia (low potassium levels) can increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. ACLS encompasses a range of interventions used in managing such conditions. The primary goals of ACLS include maintaining respiration and circulation, ensuring oxygenation, and correcting cardiac rhythm. In the treatment of electrolyte imbalances, correcting electrolyte levels, especially when they are critically abnormal, is an urgent necessity. Specific interventions in ACLS may be tailored particularly for certain electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia. These interventions may include the administration of calcium gluconate or calcium chloride, insulin-glucose infusion, the use of beta-2 agonists, and other treatment options. In conclusion, electrolyte imbalances can present serious conditions requiring urgent medical intervention. Advanced cardiac life support serves as an effective tool in managing such conditions and becomes crucial when interventions specific to electrolyte imbalances are warranted. Therefore, continuous education and updates on electrolyte imbalances are important for emergency medicine teams.
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Gentric, Katja. "‘Interrupting the Present’." In Cultural Inquiry. ICI Berlin Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-21_07.

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A sense of repetition pervades contemporary South African political and cultural debate. Several recent studies have drawn attention to the fact that the renewed student protests since March 2015 parallel several features of the resistance and liberation movements of the 1970s and 1980s. At a pivotal position between the two moments of political struggle stands the ‘miracle’ of the peaceful transition in 1994. Within this set of circumstances a group of curators, artists, and writers, Gabi Ngcobo and Kemang Wa Lehulere, amongst others, formed a collective under the name CHR (Center for Historical Reenactments) in Johannesburg in 2010. The CHR has pursued several questions that interrogate the complexity of a shared memory bridging segregated Apartheid legacy: how do readings of the past inform contemporary urgencies, and what are the political potentials of artistic interpretations of histories? How do they participate in the formation of new subjectivities?
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Godfrey, Jeanne. "Circumstance, advantage or disadvantage, presence or absence, and importance." In The Student Phrase Book. Macmillan Education UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-29979-6_6.

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Akgol Gur, Sultan Tuna. "Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Pulmonary Embolism." In Special Circumstances in Resuscitation. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053358923.8.

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Management of pulmonary embolism (PE) during resuscitation requires the rapid and effective handling of a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. Pulmonary embolism typically occurs when a clot from deep vein thrombosis in the legs reaches the pulmonary arteries, significantly impacting oxygenation and blood circulation. During resuscitation, the prompt diagnosis and management of PE are critical. The first step is to evaluate the patient’s symptoms and clinical findings. Sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, tachycardia, and hypotension can suggest PE. In patients suspected of having PE, emergency imaging tests should be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography is the most commonly used method for confirming PE. Once PE is confirmed, the patient’s hemodynamic status is assessed. Hemodynamically unstable patients (presence of shock or hypotension) require immediate treatment. Thrombolytic therapy is used in these patients to rapidly dissolve the clot and can reduce mortality. However, thrombolytic therapy carries a risk of bleeding and should be administered cautiously. In hemodynamically stable patients, anticoagulant therapy is initiated. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) are generally preferred. These treatments prevent the clot from growing and reduce the risk of new clot formation. Additionally, it is important to identify and manage underlying risk factors to prevent PE. Conditions such as immobilization, cancer, or genetic clotting disorders should be addressed. Management of PE during resuscitation requires a multidisciplinary approach. Collaboration among emergency medicine specialists, cardiologists, radiologists, and nurses ensures that the patient is treated quickly and effectively. Furthermore, after the patient is stabilized, a long-term follow-up and treatment plan should be established. In conclusion, the management of pulmonary embolism aims to reduce mortality and morbidity through rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment strategies.
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Ghosh, Suresh C. "An Intellectual History and Present Circumstances of Curriculum Studies in India." In Curriculum Studies in India. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137477156_4.

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Pinar, William F. "Curriculum Studies in Canada: Intellectual Histories, Present Circumstances, and Future Prospects." In Encyclopedia of Educational Innovation. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2262-4_240-1.

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Akan, Ayse Sule. "Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Pregnancy." In Special Circumstances in Resuscitation. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053358923.3.

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Cardiopulmonary arrest during pregnancy is a rare occurrence. Approximately 10% of maternal deaths are attributed to cardiopulmonary arrest. The AHA guideline advises manually placing the uterus in the left lateral position during pregnant resuscitation and perimortem cesarean section. While there are many causes of cardiopulmonary arrest in the general population, in pregnant patients, causes can arise from pre-existing conditions as well as physiopathological conditions induced by pregnancy. Managing cardiopulmonary arrest during pregnancy is a challenging clinical situation. While maternal resuscitation shares many aspects with standard adult resuscitation, there are some differences, with the most significant being the presence of two patients, the mother and the fetus. Equipment and personnel for emergency cesarean section and neonatal resuscitation should be readily available. When a pregnant patient experiences arrest, they should be placed on a stretcher, and chest compressions should be initiated. Chest compressions should be performed at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute and to a depth of at least 2 inches, in the middle of the chest, just below the sternum, with minimal interruption. Airway management and basic life support should be provided, and the time of arrest should be noted. If the pregnancy is beyond 20 weeks or if the uterus is above the level of the umbilicus, manual displacement of the uterus to the left should be performed to reduce aortocaval compression. Bag-mask ventilation with 100% oxygen at a rate of at least 15 L/min should be initiated immediately with a compression-ventilation ratio of 30:2. If the patient is suitable for defibrillation, it should be administered without altering the shock energy. Studies have shown that transthoracic impedance does not change in pregnant women. Defibrillation in the mother should not be delayed due to fetal safety concerns, as minimal energy is transferred to the fetus during defibrillation. Due to physiological changes, the oxygen reserve in the pregnant woman’s lungs is limited, necessitating rapid and effective airway intervention. Therefore, intubation should be attempted using an endotracheal tube with an inner diameter of 6.0-7.0 mm by the most experienced rescuer. Multiple laryngoscopy attempts-more than twice- should be avoided, and if airway intervention fails and mask ventilation is not possible, emergency invasive airway should be established. Medical drug therapy is no different from standard adult resuscitation, and there is no need for dose adjustment in the drugs administered. Drug administration should not be stopped due to fetal teratogenicity.
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Muhesen, Nibal. "2. The Past in the Present." In Housing, Heritage and Urbanisation in the Middle East and North Africa. Open Book Publishers, 2025. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0460.02.

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In Chapter Two, Nibal Muhesen considers the past in the context of the present, with a reflection on urban heritage destruction and housing in Syria. In this post-conflict society, heritage sites have come to accommodate communities, making this heritage an inseparable part of their everyday lives. Muhesen explores how this could encourage the restoration of damaged sites and the involvement of civil society in the process. She concludes that the reconstruction process should not be driven solely by economic circumstances or security concerns but should also enable social transformation and improve liveability in newly built environments.
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Huixia, Zhou. "The Development of Curriculum Ideologies and the Present Circumstances of Curriculum Studies in China." In Curriculum Studies in China. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137374295_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Present Circumstance"

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Dangleben, E. C., R. W. Dively, and D. T. Greenfield. "Web-Enabled Corrosion Control Management Systems." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04064.

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Abstract Presently, lack of clear and consistent standards, engineered processes and performance monitoring of corrosion control systems plague the evaluation, planning and execution of maintenance actions. These circumstances have led to uncoordinated maintenance activity, poor communication of requirements, inconsistent performance in the field and a gap between stated maintenance philosophies and real world realities. Given the cost of corrosion-related deterioration of vital infrastructure, there is a clear need for implementation of a system that addresses present inadequacies. This system should be web-enabled so that it can communicate with the myriad enterprise applications already used by organizations tasked with maintenance responsibilities. This paper discusses some of the important issues to be addressed in using the technology available in supporting maintenance painting programs by presenting a case study.
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Ferrari, Gabriele, Sibo Buter, Xiaolong Zhang, and Corina Prent. "Realistic Approach to Corrosion Protection of Ballast Water Tanks." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01511.

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Abstract Corrosion protection of ballast water tanks is very precarious because of the aggressiveness of the environment and the difficult accessibility of the areas. Numerous accidents have led to regulation by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Practical circumstances in yards are often not ideal; therefore it is of interest to investigate if the limits for the parameters, which determine the coating performance, as fixed by IMO are necessary and realistic. The objective of this study was to verify these limits, in particular concerning the presence of shop primer and presence of (in) soluble salts and dust on the shop primer. To simulate the possible circumstances in ballast water tanks different exposure methods have been used: exposure of coated samples to seawater at room temperature, cyclic exposure by immersion, drying and temperature change. During exposure (up to four weeks) open circuit potential and impedance measurements were performed. Moreover current was measured during anodic and cathodic polarization of samples with a holiday; this is to assess respectively the corrosion propagation and the susceptibility to cathodic delamination. Results show that presence of intact shop primer and insoluble salts are beneficial; limits for soluble salt and dust as determined by the regulations are realistic.
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Vrijhoeven, S. H. M., P. B. Desch, and J. J. Dillon. "Case Histories of Unusual Boiler Failures." In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05431.

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Abstract Case histories will be presented which describe atypical failures in boiler systems that are related to non-standard or improper design, installation, materials specification, and operating practice. Some cases will demonstrate how residual stresses in boiler components combine with unexpected environmental conditions to produce damage. The specific circumstances that promoted the failures are described and corrective actions are discussed.
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Wenzel, Helmut. "Assessment of Sustainable Bridge Construction in Emerging Economies." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.0768.

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&lt;p&gt;The transportation infrastructure is the backbone of economies. In emerging economies with considerable economic growth, the demand for transportation infrastructure exceeds the capacities of sustainable construction. An excellent example is bridge construction in India where a number of circumstances influence construction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Key performance indicators are developed by a committee in ISO (ISO 21929), which is focused on sustainability of civil engineering works. A number of national or local circumstances will be presented and related to the sustainable development of goals of the United Nations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The presentation identifies the KPIs, provides the local cultural background and offers tools to quantify sustainability for bridge construction in emerging economies like India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The tools to quantify the KPIs and to put them in context to the SDGs will be provided.&lt;/p&gt;
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Brill, Christopher, Ben Lawson, Isabella Gagliano, and Angus Rupert. "Audiotactile Displays for Improving Situation Awareness and Mitigating Spatial Disorientation." In Vertical Flight Society 71st Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0071-2015-10153.

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Spatial disorientation (SD) from loss of situation awareness (SA) is a significant safety hazard for helicopter pilots. The focus of the present research is to highlight the potential utility of multimodal displays for improving SA and counteracting SD, particularly for scenarios specific to rotary wing flight. These circumstances include degraded visual environments (DVE; e.g., brownout conditions, rotor wash) and vection, the illusion of self motion. Herein, we propose audiotactile displays may provide the best means for displaying egocentric information to the pilot to mitigate SD by providing supplementary information when visual cues are absent and alternative information when visual cues may be misleading.
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Craig, H. Lee. "Naphthenic Acid Corrosion in the Refinery." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95333.

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Abstract Field tests and laboratory studies of refinery process streams are presented. The effects of temperature, velocity and physical state were studied with respect to alloy selection for corrosion resistant service. The amount of molybdenum in the austenitic stainless steel alloys is the dominant factor in conferring corrosion resistance. The Naphthenic Acid Corrosion Index (NACI) is useful in assessing the severity of corrosion under a variety of circumstances.
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Scully, John R. "The Polarization Resistance Method for Determination of Instantaneous Corrosion Rates: a Review." In CORROSION 1998. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98304.

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Abstract The polarization resistance method utilized for determination of instantaneous corrosion rates of metals is reviewed. The fundamental assumptions in electrode kinetics that govern the technique are restated. Error producing factors such as high excitation voltage amplitude, insufficiently slow scan rate or inadequate polarization hold period, high solution resistance, presence of competing reduction-oxidation reactions, and non-uniform current and potential distributions are discussed with the goal of defining conditions and circumstances where these complicating factors are important.
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Moteff, John, and Eduardo Rosa. "Correlation of Pneumatic Particle Erosion With the Micro-Mechanical Properties of a High Temperature Alloy." In ASME 1986 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/86-gt-268.

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Although reasonable correlation may be obtained between the pneumatic particle erosion behavior of many metals and alloys with corresponding hardness measurements, this relationship does not necessarily agree at elevated test temperatures. It is shown that, for the case of a Ti-6A1-4V alloy, there is a significant difference when both the erosion and the hardness tests are conducted at temperatures above and below about one-half of the absolute melting temperature of this alloy. This circumstance, at the present time, is attributed to the change in the ductility of the alloy with test temperature. It is also shown that a measure of the strength and ductility may be obtained from the elevated temperature hardness measurements. A preliminary model relating the erosion rate with the strength and uniform elongation obtained through microhardness measurements is presented.
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Park, Hyung-Gil, Yong-Chul Lee, Sung-Mok Ahn, Seung-Myun Hwangbo, Hyun-Chae Jung, and Jae-Hak Lee. "A Study on Bow Hull Form Design and Propulsion Type for Ice Breaking Vessel with the Balance of Open and Ice Performance." In SNAME 8th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-108.

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In recent years, Samsung Heavy Industries Company has been devoting its wide activities to the better performance of ice breaking vessels under the circumstance of rapid growth of Arctic markets. For economic operation, two different fore body and aft body for both ice and open performance evaluations are presented in this paper. The major objective of this study is the suggestion of the optimum ice breaking hull form according to its operation condition. The open and ice performance of the icebreaking vessel was validated at Samsung Ship Model Basin and Aker Arctic Technology Inc., respectively. From the present study, it has been found that the hull form optimized at extreme ice condition gave about 40.0% improved power performance at 1.67M level ice condition and about 10.0% inferior propulsion at open condition compared to the hull form with ice breaking bulbous bow. This paper describes the basis of hull form design and propulsion system including the performance evaluation results for ice breaking vessel.
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Ifrim, Ion. "On the meaning of the notion of "violence", as an act of provocation." In Consolidarea rezilienței sociale prin valorificarea capitalului uman în contextul aderării Republicii Moldova și Ucrainei la Uniunea Europeană. Moldova State University, 2024. https://doi.org/10.59295/crs2024.45.

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The judicial practice is sometimes confronted with the problem of defining the notion of "violence", in the sense of the provisions of Article 75 of the Romanian Penal Code. As is well known, the cited provision regulates three hypotheses that may give rise to the attenuating circumstance of provocation and, consequently, to the application of a differentiated regime of punishment of the offender. In analyzing the text of Art. 75 para. 1 Penal Code - two opinions can be formulated in relation to the meaning of the term "violence"; according to one of them, this notion must be understood as a physical act of violence, while according to the other, the cited provisions are also applicable to mental violence, i.e. threat. We will try to present the arguments in favor of each of these theories.
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Reports on the topic "Present Circumstance"

1

Bordo, Michael, and Anna Schwartz. Under What Circumstances, Past and Present, Have International Rescues of Countries in Financial Distress Been Successful? National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6824.

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2

Walters, Jimmy L. An Analysis of U.S. Military Presence in North East Asia - Does Our New Strategy Fit the Circumstances. Defense Technical Information Center, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440464.

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Carrizosa, Santiago, Olli Haltia, Douglas Southgate, et al. Workshop on the Use of Financial Incentives for Industrial Forest Plantations: Proceedings. Inter-American Development Bank, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006809.

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This document presents the proceedings of a workshop on financial incentives for industrial forest plantations, held at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) on January 19, 1995. The main objectives of the workshop were, first, to exchange ideas among workshop speakers and participants regarding the relevance of financial incentives for industrial forest plantations, and, second, to develop recommendations about the use of financial incentives in programs presented to the IDB for financing. The questions addressed: Is the use of financial incentives justified for industrial plantations in Latin America, given the current policy reforms that remove market distortions?; Under what circumstances may the incentives be justified?; and, should the IDB get involved in the financing of industrial plantation programs that are receiving financial incentives from the government?
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4

Márquez, Gustavo. Training the Workforce in Latin America: What Needs to be Done? Inter-American Development Bank, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008410.

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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the status of training policies in Latin America, and to review some new approaches that are shaping the evolution of policies and institutions in the region. The ideas presented here rely heavily on discussions held over the last five years with government, private sector, and union officials in a number of countries in the region about organizational, institutional, and financial changes of training institutions. As such, this paper presents just a snapshot of a very active and lively discussion about training institutions and policies, where new lessons are being learned and new approaches are being developed practically every day. In the first section the authors discuss why and how training policies are a legitimate and important object of public policies. Next, they discuss the institutional structure of the training systems in Latin America at the light of their adequacy to coordinate the acquisition and use of skills by the work force. Training systems in the region have evolved differently from a common original model, mostly as a consequence of the different sets of circumstances and institutional capabilities that governments, the private sector, and unions had in each country. The adoption of the wide set of policies proposed here will be of course a gradual process, and needs to be tailored to the particular circumstances and capabilities each country faces. The findings presented here add up to a wider vision of the tools that policy makers have when trying to provide the population at large with the level and mix of skills needed by workers and firms to create the more productive jobs associated with a more competitive economy.
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Buvinic, Mayra. Cost of Adolescent Childbearing: A Review of Evidence from Chile, Barbados, Guatemala and Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008884.

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Does early childbearing restrict women's social and economic opportunities? These questions are explored by examining the effects, first on marital status and family formation, and second on women's employment options, earnings and poverty condition. The four studies presented here (from Chile, Barbados, Guatemala and Mexico) include controls for background variables and the timing of the consequences of observations. The review describes gross differences that emerged in the studies and explores how much the observed differences were due to background factors associated with adolescent childbearing, including poverty, which is a potentially large confounding variable in developing economies. The presence of sizable poverty and the nature of women's economic participation provide the common ground to assess consequences of adolescent childbearing in countries that otherwise iffer considerable in the cultural circumstances surrounding family formation and childbearing.
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Pappas, Gregory. Horizontal Models of Conviviality or Radical Democracy in the Americas Zapatistas, Boggs Center, Casa Pueblo. Maria Sibylla Merian International Centre for Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/pappas.2021.34.

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In this paper, I argue that despite their different circumstances (size, location, history, demography), the Zapatistas (Chiapas, Mexico), Boggs Center (Detroit, USA), and Casa Pueblo (Adjuntas, Puerto Rico) share common lessons that are worth considering, at a time when there is so much uncertainty and disagreement about how best to address social injustices and much disillusionment with representative democracy. After a summary of the history and accomplishments of each of these American communal activist organisations, I present the common lessons and consider some challenges and possible objections. They provide an alternative between naïve optimism and cynical passive pessimism. They practice horizontal models of conviviality and a holistic, ecological, and experimental approach to ameliorating injustices.
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Hoffmann, Mia, and Heather Frase. Adding Structure to AI Harm. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20230022.

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Real-world harms caused by the use of AI technologies are widespread. Tracking and analyzing them improves our understanding of the variety of harms and the circumstances that lead to their occurrence once AI systems are deployed. This report presents a standardized conceptual framework for defining, tracking, classifying, and understanding harms caused by AI. It lays out the key elements required for the identification of AI harm, their basic relational structure, and definitions without imposing a single interpretation of AI harm. The brief concludes with an example of how to apply and customize the framework while keeping its modular structure.
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Stein, Ernesto H., Mariano Tommasi, and Carlos Scartascini. Veto Players, Intertemporal Interactions and Policy Adaptability: How Do Political Institutions Work? Inter-American Development Bank, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011288.

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Veto player theory argues that a higher number of veto players lowers the likelihood of change; in turn, policies that do not change help to sustain commitments but may prevent adaptation to changing circumstances. This paper challenges that claim of veto player theory by arguing that policy stability does not necessarily mean lower policy adaptability. If policymaking takes place over time with actors interacting repeatedly, more cooperative polities might be able to achieve both objectives at once, and a higher number of veto players might even favor intertemporal cooperation. The paper presents a simple formalization of the argument and some supportive cross-national empirical evidence.
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Levy, Alberto, Adriana M. Valencia J., and Ariel Yépez-García. The Energy Sector: Opportunities and Challenges. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010658.

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The analysis is informed by the particular circumstances and needs of each country, as well as by the goals of key regional energy integration initiatives. The energy sector is referred to here as all economic activities related to the use of renewable and nonrenewable resources for the production, delivery, and consumption of energy in its various forms, such as electricity, heat, or fuels for further processing, as well as the optimization of energy use through energy efficiency and conservation. To approach this complex set of relationships, this document presents the challenges of the sector in the region, recognizing that they are interrelated and have varying levels of importance depending on the country in question.
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Shaw, Jackie, Brigitte Rohwerder, and Harem Karem. Inclusive Social Assistance for Marginalised People in the KRI. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2024.014.

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The Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) has experienced conflicts, displacement, socioeconomic shocks, and climate change effects. Marginalised people, especially those facing intersecting inequalities, are disproportionately affected. Many face unemployment, poverty, and limited health care access. With formal social assistance broadly unavailable, marginalised groups rely on ad hoc informal assistance. This briefing presents evidence on marginalised people’s circumstances in the KRI and their experience accessing social assistance, gathered through Participatory Action Research with peer researchers from a Sulaymaniyah disabled women’s group and Halabja rural youth group. It highlights emotional and psychosocial barriers, risks, and significant failures experienced by marginalised people trying to access social assistance in this protracted crisis context, and provides recommendations on fostering safer, more dignified, inclusive, and effective social assistance processes.
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