Academic literature on the topic 'President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency'
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Journal articles on the topic "President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency"
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LEVICKY, Michal, Marta URBANIKOVA, and Maria DRAGUNOVA. "Progress in the Transition of the Circular Economy in Slovakia and the European Union." Journal of Business 10, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31578/job.v10i1.185.
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The transition from a linear economy to a circular economy is one of the main priorities for the development of the European Union and is also part of its industrial strategy. The transition to a circular economy is a key element of the European Union’s efforts to develop a sustainable and competitive economy through resource efficiency. In its Circular Economy Action Plan, the European Commission has formulated measures to stimulate the transition to a circular economy in the European Union, while expressing the need to introduce and improve tools and indicators to monitor progress in this area. The aim of the paper is to assess whether the circular economy in Slovakia and the European Union has progressed or regressed in the last decade. The theoretical part is based on the analysis of the literature, while the empirical part uses basic scientific methods to analyze current economic policy in the field of circular economy in Slovakia and the EU and analyze the development and current state of implementation of circular economy in Slovakia and the EU based on macro indicators proposed by the European Commission.
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Kubatko, V., and A. Pushkar. "SMART POWER NETWORKS FOR INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu 2021, no. 3 (2021): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2021.3-22.
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The article deals with the essence of the national economy competitiveness concept, as well as factors influencing its level, among which an important place is occupied by energy efficiency of the state. Theoretical aspects of the smart grids development are considered, the expediency of their implementation in the context of the national economy competitiveness level increasing is established. A study by reports from the European Commission and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe has shown that the introduction and deployment of smart grids is one of the priority thematic areas in the implementation of the Trans-European Energy Networks concept. Their use will help to integrate renewable energy sources, optimize the energy market and increase the level of self-regulation of energy use by consumers, as well as to implement the main directions of sustainable development, which today has become an urgent requirement around the world. The ability of smart grids to generate supply and demand information is analyzed, which is important for the integration of an increasing number of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, while maintaining the stability and efficiency of the energy system. To ensure the effective operation of the network, it is necessary to form a vision and organize the further deployment of technology platforms, as well as to integrate intelligent network applications that will support this vision. The article also examines the functional characteristics of smart grids, the benefits of their use, as well as the main issues related to their use. It is established that the main shortcomings of the smart grids introduction are insufficient confidentiality of customers and the level of information security, as well as network instability and lack of flexibility. The functions of smart grids are grouped according to separate paragraphs, their significance for consumers, investors, environment and competitiveness of the national economy is analyzed. In particular, it is determined that they are more intelligent, decentralized and sustainable than modern networks, and their use will improve the economic efficiency, investment attractiveness and sustainable development.
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Temerbulatova, Zh S., A. Zhidebekkyzy, and M. Grabowska. "Assessment of the Effectiveness of the European Union Countries Transition to a Circular Economy: Data Envelopment Analysis." Economics: the strategy and practice 16, no. 3 (October 14, 2021): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2021-3-142-151.
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In the current era of overconsumption, transition to circular economy is a relevant problem for every country in the world. The main idea behind this economic approach is to break the link between rising wealth and overexploitation of primary natural resources. The article assessed the current and future state of the circular economy’s development in 27 countries of the European Union. The assessment was carried out using Data Envelopment Analysis based on data for 2019 of selected input and output parameters described by the circular economy. Generation of municipal waste per capita, Water exploitation index, Final energy consumption and Social Progress Index were used as input parameters. Circular material use rate and municipal waste recycling rate were output parameters. All data was collected from official reliable sources such as Eurostat, and the Social Progress Imperative website. The study results showed that as of 2019, 40,74% of European countries have high efficiency in the advancement of circular economy, 40,74% - sufficient, 11,11% - medium and 7.41% - low efficiency. However, the analysis showed very good prospects for the future progress of the circular economy in these countries, since the overall efficiency results in the CCR model range from 0.899 to 1 for all countries in the European Union. With the implementation of the New Circular Economy Action Plan, which was adopted in 2020 by the European Commission, the EU countries have the opportunity to fully turn to the circular economy and ensure the healthy, sustainable development of countries.
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Temerbulatova, Zh S., A. Zhidebekkyzy, and M. Grabowska. "Assessment of the Effectiveness of the European Union Countries Transition to a Circular Economy: Data Envelopment Analysis." Economics: the strategy and practice 16, no. 3 (October 14, 2021): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2021-3-142-151.
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In the current era of overconsumption, transition to circular economy is a relevant problem for every country in the world. The main idea behind this economic approach is to break the link between rising wealth and overexploitation of primary natural resources. The article assessed the current and future state of the circular economy’s development in 27 countries of the European Union. The assessment was carried out using Data Envelopment Analysis based on data for 2019 of selected input and output parameters described by the circular economy. Generation of municipal waste per capita, Water exploitation index, Final energy consumption and Social Progress Index were used as input parameters. Circular material use rate and municipal waste recycling rate were output parameters. All data was collected from official reliable sources such as Eurostat, and the Social Progress Imperative website. The study results showed that as of 2019, 40,74% of European countries have high efficiency in the advancement of circular economy, 40,74% - sufficient, 11,11% - medium and 7.41% - low efficiency. However, the analysis showed very good prospects for the future progress of the circular economy in these countries, since the overall efficiency results in the CCR model range from 0.899 to 1 for all countries in the European Union. With the implementation of the New Circular Economy Action Plan, which was adopted in 2020 by the European Commission, the EU countries have the opportunity to fully turn to the circular economy and ensure the healthy, sustainable development of countries.
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Rodino, Ruxandra Eugenia, and Steliana Rodino. "Waste management regulatory framework in the circular economy context." Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry 5, no. 2 (December 10, 2023): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/rjeec.2023.211.
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One of the main challenges regarding the transition to a circular economy at the European level is waste management and achieving specific objectives. By 2025, the recycling and reuse rate of municipal waste should reach 55% and the total volume of recycled packaging 65%, according to European Directives (Waste Directive 05/07/2018). Statistical data and EEA reports are not encouraging: most European countries will not be able to reach these targets until 2025. The current work aims to analyze European legislation regarding waste management but also the national transposition measures communicated by the Member States. The reference statistical data regarding the efficiency of waste management, are also analyzed, at the member states level and at national level, to determine to what extent Romania has reached the targets set by the European Commission regarding waste management, depending on the specific time horizon set by the reference legislative policies.
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Pop, Ruxandra Eugenia, and Steliana Rodino. "Waste management regulatory framework in the circular economy context." Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry 5, no. 2 (December 20, 2023): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/rjeec.2023.215.
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One of the main challenges regarding the transition to a circular economy at the European level is waste management and achieving specific objectives. By 2025, the recycling and reuse rate of municipal waste should reach 55% and the total volume of recycled packaging 65%, according to European Directives (Waste Directive 05/07/2018). Statistical data and EEA reports are not encouraging: most European countries will not be able to reach these targets until 2025. The current work aims to analyze European legislation regarding waste management but also the national transposition measures communicated by the Member States. The reference statistical data regarding the efficiency of waste management, are also analyzed, at the member states level and at national level, to determine to what extent Romania has reached the targets set by the European Commission regarding waste management, depending on the specific time horizon set by the reference legislative policies.
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D’Amico, Gaspare, Roberta Arbolino, Lei Shi, Tan Yigitcanlar, and Giuseppe Ioppolo. "Digital Technologies for Urban Metabolism Efficiency: Lessons from Urban Agenda Partnership on Circular Economy." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 6043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116043.
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Digital technologies engaged in urban metabolism for efficiency provide policymakers, urban managers, and planners with useful instruments to collect, monitor, analyze, and evaluate the circularity of environmental, social, and economic resources to improve their effectiveness and quality. At present, the digital technology-based approach is strategic for circular cities engaged in the development of smart and sustainable actions in the fields of mobility, energy, environment, waste, telecommunications, and security. Through the ‘Circular Resource Efficiency Management Framework’ developed by the European Commission, this paper generates insights into the digitalization practices of the circularity of urban metabolism by analyzing the initiatives implemented by the municipalities of Kaunas, Flanders region, Porto, Prato, The Hague, and Oslo, which constitute the Partnership on Circular Economy (PCE) of the Urban Agenda of the European Union. The results of the analysis provide a wide range of practices such as real-time monitoring stations for water and energy consumption, digital cameras for controlling vehicle flows, web platforms for sharing goods and services, and tracking sensors for public transport, which aim to optimize the efficiency of the circularity of urban metabolic flows. This study increases the understanding and awareness of digital technologies in this paradigm shift.
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Davies, Bleddyn. "Equity and Efficiency in Community Care: Supply and Financing in an Age of Fiscal Austerity." Ageing and Society 7, no. 2 (June 1987): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x0001254x.
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ABSTRACTFrom the confrontation of fiscal austerity and growing needs in the United Kingdom has come a new ideology: ‘efficiency-focused mana-gerialism’. Common arguments and the adaptation of structures to reflect them can be seen in all areas of policy, but nowhere more clearly than in the long-term social care of the elderly, the subject of this paper. Perhaps the strand of policy analysis which most influences and epitomises the new managerialism is the work of the Audit Commission for Local Authorities in England and Wales, whose arguments and proposals have gained great and widespread influence. The commission's ‘three Es’ – economy, efficiency and effectiveness – have become among the most fashionable slogans of our time.
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Clodniţchi, Roxana, and Octavia Tudorache. "Resource efficiency and decarbonisation of economies in the European Union." Management & Marketing. Challenges for the Knowledge Society 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mmcks-2022-0008.
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Abstract People have always been interested in improving their quality of life. But how is this possible when the population is constantly growing, and the planet’s resources are dwindling? The efficient use of resources is not only believed to increase the general quality of life but also to contribute to the creation of a cleaner environment. But what is the relation between resource efficiency and a cleaner environment? The European Commission and the United Nations have been dealing with this key issue for many years now and the EU has forced member countries to meet certain targets. This paper presents some of the UN and EU’s policies with regard to climate change and resource efficiency and offers an independent evaluation of the achievements of Member States. We assumed that the implementation of the objectives of the EU climate and energy package improves the resource productivity and reduces its negative impact on the environment, relation analysed with the help of a linear regression model. Further, we have performed a critical study on the performance of EU-member states in meeting their GHG-emission targets correlated with the resource intensity of their economies, modelled using Microsoft Excel. Resource efficiency and the low-carbon economy have emerged as central themes in global discussions on the transition to a sustainable economy, and this paper sheds new light onto the connection between the two subjects.
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Murray, Sean. "Energy efficiency in universities: the need for guidance and a strategic approach." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2011 (January 1, 2011): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2011.35.
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The leaders of many countries are discussing ambitious targets for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) as a means of mitigating the worst impact of climate change on the environment and our economies. In 2007, EU leaders endorsed an integrated approach to climate change and energy policy. They committed Europe to transforming itself into a highly energy-efficient low carbon economy through their 20-20-20 targets, according to the European Commission, Climate Action. These targets are ambitious and consist of: Figure 1, below, shows that the carbon dioxide equivalent of all greenhouse gases (CO2 eq.) from the energy sector is the second greatest contributor of greenhouse gases. This fact creates an opportunity to explored ways to reduce the emissions from the energy sector. However, the methods need to be target the most significant culprits in a cost-effective manner in order to the have maximum affect on the reduction of emissions from the ...
Books on the topic "President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency"
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Maryland. Governor's Commission on Efficiency and Economy in Government. Interim report on the Governor's Commission on Efficiency & Economy in Government. [Annapolis, Md.]: The Commission, 1992.
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Maryland. Governor's Commission on Efficiency and Economy in Government. Preliminary report of the Governor's Commission on Efficiency and Economy in Government. [Annapolis, Md.]: The Commission, 1991.
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Maryland. Governor's Commission on Efficiency and Economy in Government. Final report of the Governor's Commission on Efficiency and Economy in Government. [Annapolis, Md.]: The Commission, 1993.
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European Commission. Competitiveness Advisory Group., ed. Enhancing European competitiveness: ... report to the President of the Commission, the prime ministers, and heads of state. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1995.
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Commission of the European Communities. Competitiveness Advisory Group. Enhancing European competitiveness: Fourth report to the President of the Commission, the Prime Ministers and Heads of State. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1996.
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Commission of the European Communities. Competitiveness Advisory Group. Enhancing European competitiveness: First report to the President of the Commission, the Prime Ministers and Heads of State, June 1995. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1995.
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United States. President's Commission On. The Need for a National Budget: Message From the President of the United States, Transmitting Report of the Commission On Economy and Efficiency On the Subject of the Need for a National Budget. Arkose Press, 2015.
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Massachusetts Commission on Economy and. Annual Report of the Commission on Economy and Efficiency. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
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Massachusetts Commission on Economy and. Annual Report of the Commission on Economy and Efficiency. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
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Enhancing European competitiveness: ... report to the President of the Commission, the prime ministers, and heads of state. Unipub [distributor], 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency"
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Gama, Nuno, Ana Barros-Timmons, and Artur Ferreira. "The Recycling of Construction Foams: An Overview." In Creating a Roadmap Towards Circularity in the Built Environment, 95–105. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45980-1_9.
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AbstractIn 1987, the United Nations Brundtland Commission defined sustainability as “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Yet, after all these years, the humankind is dealing with catastrophic environmental problems which may jeopardize the future generations wellbeing. One cause of such issue is pollution associated to polymer’s disposal. Polymers are mainly produced using petroleum derivatives and/or non-degradable. In addition, after their use, they are normally disposed in land fields or burned for energy. Yet, due to environmental problems, these solutions are not valid options, so plastic wastes must be recycled and used to produce new materials. This circular economy concept is not only a requirement for preventing pollution but is also a need for the reduction of the costs associated with their production and for the enhancement of the eco-efficiency of materials. Furthermore, this approach also addresses the risk of shortage of raw materials in the medium future. With this in mind, this document intends to give an overview of the recycling of construction foams with special focus on polyurethane (PU) and polystyrene (PS) foams. It aims to highlight the possible routes to recycle construction foams, presenting the differences and challenges of recycling different types of polymers. In that perspective, chemical and mechanical recycling routes are discussed, as well as energy recover alternatives. Finally, life cycle analysis (LCA) reports of these products are presented.
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Browning, David. "A picture of child and adolescent mental health services in England and Wales at the end of the twentieth century." In Child and adolescent mental health services: strategy, planning, delivery, and evaluation, 389–94. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198508441.003.0027.
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Abstract In 1998 and 1999, the Audit Commission undertook a major review of the child and adolescent mental health services in England and Wales. The Commission oversees the external audit of local authorities and the National Health Service in both countries and is required by parliament to undertake audits that enable it to comment on the economy, efficiency and effectiveness of services. Its remit is thus very wide, and, over the years, it has undertaken a number of reviews of children’s services including hospital services (Audit Commission 1993), health and social services that promote the wellbeing of children (Audit Commission 1994), youth justice (Audit Commission 1996a) and various aspects of education (Audit Commission 1996b, 1999a).
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Matthews, John O. "An Overview of the Securities Industry." In Struggle and Survival on Wall Street, 24–42. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195050639.003.0003.
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Abstract The securities industry is only a small part of the financial sector. Currently, only a small percentage of the almost 5,500 firms in the industry are publicly owned. But through its maintenance of the markets for stocks and bonds, this industry provides one of the most important mechanisms for allocating this nation’s capital among competing uses. The efficiency of the industry in performing this allocative function determines in large part the overall growth and efficiency of the economy itself. The first securities firms in this country were almost exclusively brokers operating out of a single office and dealing in the limited list of bonds and shares then available to the public. Today’s firms vary greatly in size and character, ranging in size from giant organizations with elaborate worldwide networks of branch offices to oneperson neighborhood offices. In 1990, there were 8,437 broker-dealers who filed regulatory reports with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or with self-regulatory organizations. Of these firms, 5,424 dealt directly with the investing public (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 1992). Of those firms that dealt directly with the public, 947 operated as clearing or carrying firms.
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Hemerijck, Anton, Mariana Mazzucato, and Edoardo Reviglio. "7. Social Investment and Infrastructure." In A European Public Investment Outlook, 115–34. Open Book Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0222.07.
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Anton Hemerijck, Mariana Mazzucato and Edoardo Reviglio, in chapter 7, offer an original perspective: the most competitive economies in the EU spend more on social policy and public services than the less successful ones. However, the twenty-first century knowledge economies are ageing societies and require European welfare states to focus as much — if not more — on ex-ante social investment capacitation than on ex-post social security compensation. The growing needs for social services will require new and updated social infrastructure. According to a report on social infrastructure in Europe coordinated by former President of the European Commission Romano Prodi in 2018, the minimal gap is estimated at €100–150 bn per annum and represents a total gap of over 1.5 tn in 2018–2030. Long-term, flexible and efficient investment in education, health and affordable housing is considered essential for the economic growth of the EU, the well-being of its people and a successful move towards upward convergence in the EU. But how do we finance the great new needs with such a pressure on public finances? The chapter suggests innovative financial solutions using institutional and community resources to lower to cost of funding of social infrastructure. One such solution is the creation of a large European Fund for Social Infrastructure, owned by State Investment Banks (SIBs) and institutional long-term investors, which would fund its operations by issuing a European Social Bond. In this endeavour, a central role must be played by the EIB and by State Investment Banks. The authors discuss the potential role of these “mission-oriented” SIBs in social innovation by changing their mission. They should not simply “compensate market failures” but also become institutions that “shape the market” and become major providers of sustainable long-term and patient finance to deliver public value.
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ERSÖZ, Mustafa. "YEŞİL MUTABAKAT ÇERÇEVESİNDE DESTEKLENEBİLİR PROJELER." In TEMİZ ÜRETİM, YEŞİL MUTABAKAT VE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR ATIK YÖNETİMİ. TÜRKİYE BİLİMLER AKADEMİSİ, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53478/tuba.978-625-8352-57-3.ch16.
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"The Green Deal is a strategy put forward by the European Union (EU) in 2019, aiming to achieve the EU’s fundamental goals regarding climate change and sustainability. These goals include the EU becoming carbon neutral by 2050, increasing energy efficiency, promoting the use of clean energy, encouraging eco-friendly transportation systems, and developing a green economy. Within the scope of the Green Deal, substantial financial resources have been allocated by the EU Commission to support sustainable projects, advance green technologies, develop environmentally compatible infrastructures, and curtail the use of fossil fuels. This funding allocation serves as a pivotal mechanism to facilitate the transition towards a more sustainable and climate-resilient society. Annually, the EU Commission issues project calls to rally endeavors that align with climate change mitigation and the attainment of environmental sustainability objectives. Thes Green Deal projects have emerged as key drivers in the ongoing battle against climate change and the pursuit of environmental sustainability. By fostering innovation, promoting research and development of eco-friendly technologies, and enabling the implementation of sustainable practices, the projects sparked by these annual calls contribute substantively to the realization of the broader goals set forth within the Green Deal. This dynamic and collaborative approach has led to the deployment of transformative initiatives that are critical to steering the EU towards a greener and more sustainable future, ensuring the wellbeing of both current and future generations."
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Mckibbin, Ross. "Work and Hobbies in Britain, 1880-1950." In The Ideologies of Class, 139–66. Oxford University PressOxford, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198221609.003.0005.
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Abstract IN 1856 R. W. Emerson concluded that while an Englishman might eat and drink ‘not much more than another man’ he laboured three times as much: everything in England ‘is at a quick pace. They have reinforced their own productivity, by the creation of that marvellous machinery which differences this age from every other age.’ Fifty years later such a view was not the predominant one. If anything, conventional opinion held the reverse to be true: Englishmen laboured less hard than others; they were ill-adapted to even more marvellous machinery; their work irritated them; ingenious Americans and docile Germans passed them on all sides. The argument that industrial life and division of labour had become intolerably monotonous to many workers was, of course, a commonplace of the nineteenth century. When Marx wrote that the ‘the worker feels himself at home outside his work and feels absent from himself in his work’ there were few who would not have conceded that he was at least partly right. By the end of the nineteenth century, when the British economy appeared to flag, it came to be argued not only that boredom demoralized the worker but that it also damaged the economy by undermining his efficiency. Thereafter it was implied in the reports of royal commissions, departmental committees of inquiry and delegations of concerned persons. It was, of course, argued explicitly as well, both by employers and by workers themselves. The London engineering employer A. Bergtheil told the Tariff Commission that not only was ‘the foreign workman–I speak more particularly of the German and the Belgian–a more intelligent and better class of labourer … but he takes more actual interest in his work’. At the same time, W. J. Davis of the Brassworkcrs’ Union could write that Berlin brassworkers ‘appear to enjoy their work more, and to be able to work more easily, and with more satisfaction, and also to have a better time than our brassworkers in Birmingham’ . Boredom had allegedly gruesome consequences: a decline in craft-skills and inattention to detail and design, irregular attendance at work, and dogged resistance to technological changes that would further accelerate and decompose labour.
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Śliwa, Renata. "Infrastructure-driven Approach to Digital Transition." In E-administracja: Wyzwania dla cyfrowych usług publicznych w Unii Europejskiej, 215–28. Ksiegarnia Akademicka Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/9788383680255.11.
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An alternative perception of the possible impact of ICT disruptiveness of the economy is presented, one different from the one embedded in the literature highlighting the impact through “broad” capital, spillovers and “industrial innovation.” The Internet and its products and services carry, on the one hand, the drive for hyper-centralization, and on the other the drive for efficiency gains by facilitating the emergence of self-sustaining communities, fenced off by others by a belief in a common identity. Ignoring social and economic power becomes increasingly illegitimate under the pressure of the contemporary explosion of inequality and the resulting capacity of social movements. How, then, have the legislative political processes of the EU been established in recent years to increase the participation of social groups in economic processes, to be interpreted as wider openness of the channels for more distribution of income in societies? In terms of Internet connectivity, a specific area is the regulation relating to telecommunications infrastructure. Infrastructure forms the basis of product and service offerings in digital markets, further providing the foundation for the creation of social and economic infrastructure conditioning the inclusion of communities in a political (civic, identity) and economic (productivity) sense. The optics presented herein (being of a contributory nature) on how the digital connectivity market is crucial in determining power and legitimization, competitiveness and economic prosperity entails the perception of legal and political frameworks of the information and communication sector (ICT) as strategic for an economy to thrive and widely distribute wealth across societies. The contributory character of the chapter is based on the threefold axis of the analysis, encompassing political, legal and economic perspectives. The analysis is embedded in the review of the legal and political endeavors of the European Commission to grab the benefits of digital transformation in the economic and political interests of all EU citizens. The Digital Market Act is based on the conviction that regulation of big technology companies, being gatekeepers, leads the way toward more competition and choice, greater innovation, better quality and lower prices. The expected shift of power is from gatekeepers to startups and small businesses as well as users across the economy. The legal underpinning of the EU politicalendeavor is to equip the economic and social entities with a level playing field to compete, innovate, produce and be better off. For the processes to strengthen performant digital infrastructure, starting with reliable network connections, fast and secure connectivity is the pivotal element. Therefore, the core line of the Gigabit Infrastructure Act regulation is support for connectivity infrastructure establishment to build capacity, empower people and reinforce incentives to trade.
Conference papers on the topic "President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency"
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Olaru, Sabina, and Ionela Badea. "Circular product design assessment applied to clothing products." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.iv.15.
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One of the major Strategic Innovation Theme and corresponding Research Priority for the next years is Circular Economy and Resource Efficiency, according to Euratex. Recently, the European Commission launched the new "Industrial Strategy for a globally competitive, green and digital Europe", that will help deliver on three key priorities: maintaining European industry's global competitiveness and a level playing field, at home and globally, making Europe climate-neutral by 2050 and shaping Europe's digital future. In this context, innovation and market potential of the European textile and clothing industry involve the frequent use of the terms “Circular Economy”. Forward, the sector will operate according to a globalised and efficient circular economic model which maximises the use of local resources, exploits advanced manufacturing techniques and engages in cross-sectorial collaborations and strategic clusters. Although the benefits of the circular economy are fairly well understood, in reality there are few industrial examples of companies that have implemented a circular economy paradigm. Circular product design provides long-term sustainability performance for products, by applying the principle of "designing out waste". This paper presents the application of circular product design assessment for clothing, by using two practical tools to assess products' circularity: HotSpot Mapping and Circularity Calculator (developed by Delft University of Technology, Netherlands). Generally, clothing products need major redesign to fit the circular economy, so it is essential to assess the potential of the various circular strategies such as Reuse, Repair, Remanufacture and Recycle.
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Aanstoos, Ted A. "Management Challenges in Emerging European Union Eco-Standards." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52115.
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The European Union is 450 million citizens in 25 otherwise sovereign countries, but connected in a multinational federal metastate that claims a combined economy in excess of $9 trillion (US), making it one of the world’s largest economies. As a community faced with massive decontamination and re-industrialization from devastating wars, Europe places due emphasis on issues of environmental sustainability and pollution prevention. Under broad policy guidelines of the New Approach and Integrated Product Planning frameworks, the European Commission is drafting legislation that will mandate eco-standards for all energized end-use equipment for sale in the internal market. These proposed standards may raise controversy in many industry sectors and international arenas (including within Europe itself) because they may not be based on sound and accepted scientific analysis, because they may constitute a de-facto violation at least in spirit of the Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement, and because nobody can yet predict their cost impact and other market effect. Compliance with these emerging energy efficiency regulations will impose considerable management requirements on manufacturers as they devise documentation and certification programs for their products that are likely to be of a scope similar to ISO 14000. This paper assesses the new requirements from a product and design management perspective.
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Di Bella, Davide, Kiana Kianfar, and Alessandra Rinaldi. "Design of a devices’ system with tangible interface aimed to an inclusive smart working experience and wellbeing." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001871.
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In Europe, the demographic profile is towards an increasingly aged workforce [1], characterized by a significant aging of the population. The people aged 55 years or more accounted for one fifth of the total workforce, and as one consequence of increasing longevity, must work more years before retirement [2].Aging of the workforce is a growing problem for many developed and developing countries, pushing companies to explore ways to keep older workers employed for a longer period of time and to support them to maintain their work ability and increase their employability. The literature shows that “age related factors should be taken into consideration in daily management, including work arrangements and individual work tasks, so that everybody, regardless of age, feels empowered in reaching their own and corporate goals” [3].At the same rhythm with these challenges related to the ageing workforce, the work itself is undergoing technological upgrading driven by digitization. ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) have radically determined the modification of people's habits and lifestyles, also in the field of work, introducing new methods of working for example the smart working. These evolving work methods required smart workers to acquire new professional skills in a short time and to adapt to new technologies, new work processes and new forms of collaboration. All these changes lead to greater difficulties, especially for aged smart workers, such as: i) lack of physical interactions and the resulting isolation; ii) increased workload and consequently increased stress (always on); iii) difficulties in communication and time management problems; iv) work-life balance and personal life problems. Therefore it emerges the need to design innovative and friendly devices to address the challenges and difficulties mentioned above, facilitating interaction between smart workers, time management and work organization. These innovative devices and systems need to be easy to use and intuitive to learn in order to increase the inclusion of the aging smart workers, reducing the digital divide.Tangible User Interfaces could represent a fertile ground with the greatest potential to tackle these challenges as they give physical form to digital information and computation, and at the same time they facilitate the direct manipulation of bits. Unlike GUIs, where human-machine interaction occurs through the use of a mouse, keyboard or touchpad and is displayed on a screen as interaction’s results, the use of TUIs involves direct interaction with physical objects to which digital information has been associated, within a defined action space.In this context, the challenge is how ICT-embedded solutions, particularly Tangible User Interfaces, can meet the needs of a growing number of ageing smart worker in terms of inclusion, and of social, physical and mental wellbeing to sustain a team spirit, maintain team cohesion by offering sensory user experience and a tactile interaction with digitized work.The general objective of the research project presented in this article is to develop ICT-embedded devices based on TUIs, aimed at aging smart workers, with following objectives:fostering communication and interaction with the digital world through a tactile experience;increasing the organization, motivation, and job satisfaction; promoting work-life balance to increase physical and mental wellbeing. The result consists of a digital devices’ system, that can interact with each other and with users through a dedicated application for mobile. The system allows to improve the smart workers experience and their well-being through:empowerment, with the introduction of a "digital personal coach" who accompanies the worker during the performance of the activities;enhancement of concentration by providing for the performance of only one activity at a time to increase the overall efficiency of the worker;work-life balance improvement, with a better management of the balance between working and private dimensions;communication and collaboration facilitation with other colleagues;reduction of technological abundance through the use of tangible interfaces;exploitation of peripheral interaction to reduce the risk of loss of concentration during activities.1.European Commission - Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs: The 2015 Ageing Report. Underlying Assumptions and Projection Methodologies. European Economy 8-2014 (2014). 2.Giakoumis, D., Votis, K., Altsitsiadis, E., Segkouli, S., Paliokas, I., & Tzovaras, D.: Smart, personalized and adaptive ICT solutions for active, healthy and productive ageing with enhanced workability. In: 12th ACM International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments, pp. 442-447. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2019).3.Ilmarinen, J. (2012). Promoting active ageing in the workplace. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work.
Reports on the topic "President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency"
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Petit, Vincent. Road to a rapid transition to sustainable energy security in Europe. Schneider Electric Sustainability Research Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.58284/se.sri.bcap9655.
Full textAbstract:
Decarbonization and energy security in Europe are two faces of the same coin. They are both related to the large dependency of the European Union economy on fossil fuels, which today represent around 70% of the total supply of energy. The bulk of these energy resources are imported, with Russia being the largest supplier, accounting for 40% of natural gas and 27% of oil imports. However, fossil fuels are also the primary root cause of greenhouse gas emissions, and the European Union is committed to reduce those by 55% by 2030 (versus 1990). This report is based on the landmark research from the Joint Research Center of the European Commission, the “Integrated Database of the European Energy Sector”, which for the first time mapped actual energy uses for each country within the European Union, across 17 sectors of activity, with data granularity at the level of each process step (or end-use) of each of these sectors. Our approach here has been to systematically review these process steps (or end-uses) and qualify the extent to which they could be electrified, effectively removing the demand for fossil fuels as a result. We have focused only on those process steps where technology was already widely available and for which we evaluated the switch to be relatively easy (or attractive). In other words, we estimated the impact of rapid electrification of “easy to abate” activities. The conclusion of this evaluation is that the share of electricity demand in the final energy mix could jump from around 20% today to 50%, which would drive a reduction in emissions at end-use of around 1,300 MtCO2 /y, as well as a drop in natural gas and oil supply of around 50%. As a result of such transformation, electricity demand would nearly double, with the bulk of that growth materializing in the building sector. Short-term, the challenge of addressing climate targets while providing for energy security is thus intimately connected to buildings. While such transition would certainly require major infrastructure upgrades, which may prove a roadblock to rapid deployment, we find that the combination of energy efficiency measures (notably digital) and distributed generation penetration (rooftop solar) could significantly tame the issue, and hence help accelerate the move away from fossil fuels, with energy spend savings as high as 80% across some building types; a major driver of change. Beyond this, further potential exists for electrification. Other measures on the demand-side will include deeper renovations of the industrial stock (notably in the automotive, machinery, paper, and petrochemical industries for which our current assessment may be underestimated) and further electrification of mobility (trucks). The transition of the power system away from coal (and ultimately natural gas) will then also play a key role, followed ultimately by feedstocks substitution in industry. Some of these transitions are already on the way and will likely bring further improvements. The key message, however, is that a significant opportunity revolves around buildings to both quickly decarbonize and reduce energy dependencies in Europe. Rapid transformation of the energy system may be more feasible than we think. We notably estimate that, by 2030, an ambitious and focused effort could help displace 15% to 25% of natural gas and oil supply and reduce emissions by around 500 MtCO2 /y (note that these savings would come on top of additional measures regarding energy efficiency and flexibility, which are not the object of this study). For this to happen, approximately 100 million buildings will need renovating, and a similar number of electric vehicles would need to hit the road.