Dissertations / Theses: 'Press journalist'

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Storkaas, Adelina. "South African press and social sustainability projects : A qualitative study with journalists and people managing projects in the agriculture sector." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29473.

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South Africa is a country in transition with struggles and structures in society reflecting a past of colonialism and apartheid. The government has implemented new laws such as the Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Act to achieve sustainable development and companies and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) have started projects to improve living conditions of previously disadvantaged persons. The purpose with the thesis is to bring understanding to how journalists and companies/ NGOs look at their roles in society and understand their relation to sustainable development projects and policies. Qualitative interviews with ten journalists from different newspapers and freelancers were conducted. Also nine representatives of seven companies and NGOs with projects concerning extreme poverty, inequality, social mobility, discrimination and social cohesion on farms were interviewed. Normative theories of the media and social responsibility theory were used to analyze the qualitative interviews. The study showed journalists’ and people working with projects’ views on government’s inability of tackling societies’ struggles alone and the requirement of private initiatives. Furthermore, the study showed the aim of spreading information about social sustainability projects differed among persons on both sides. Journalists highlighted the importance of news value, pleasing their readers and inform the public about good examples. Journalists expressed that companies, NGOs and government have also responsibilities to spread information. Some companies did not feel this responsibility however; they believed in word of mouth and did not approach the press or public about their social work.

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Davis, Scott N. "Confessions of a change maverick : a journalist documents a newspaper's evolution through new media." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371198.

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The newspaper industry is undergoing a substantial amount of change because of dwindling profits and diminishing subscribers. Many newspapers are attempting to reinvent themselves by integrating the Internet and new media into their editorial missions. One example of this is Gannett's push to transform its newsrooms into "Information Centers." The author of this creative project works in one such newsroom that underwent the change and has documented the challenges in Web log format. Department of Telecommunications

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Sun, Jiangeng. "Un journalisme d’immersion limité et contraint : étude de la pratique des correspondants français en Chine." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1G020.

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Dans un contexte de « mondialisation », les échanges entre cultures différentes favorisent une meilleure compréhension mutuelle entre les peuples du monde. Les correspondants de presse étrangers constituent des acteurs clés dans ce processus de médiation culturelle transnationale. Leur travail journalistique permet en effet à un public national de mieux connaître la culture dans laquelle ces correspondants sont immergés. Et par là contribuer à la compréhension culturelle entre le pays d’origine des correspondants et leur pays d’accueil. Notre recherche s’intéresse aux pratiques journalistiques des correspondants de presse français en Chine. Cet exemple permet de mettre en lumière des logiques de travail et des dispositifs de contrôle qui contraignent, directement ou indirectement, le travail de production de l’information. Nourries de nos enquêtes de terrain et d’approches théoriques, nos analyses permettent de montrer que les journalistes français présents en Chine constituent un microcosme social, à la fois relativement fermé sur lui-même et isolé de la société chinoise. Il s’agit le plus souvent de journalistes professionnels à la fois très diplômés et très expérimentés. Toutefois, en Chine, ils ne peuvent jamais exercer un « journalisme d’immersion » malgré leur présence sur place sur des durées relativement longues. Leur faible maîtrise du chinois opérationnel empêche une bonne partie des journalistes français de communiquer directement avec des Chinois. Ensuite, les conditions de réalisation de reportages subissent souvent des contraintes liées à la politique chinoise de régulation des journalistes étrangers en Chine. Enfin, leur accès aux sources d’information pèse également de manière décisive sur la production de l’information sur place In a context of globalisation, cultural exchanges foster and increase a mutual understanding between peoples and cultures, all around the world. Foreign correspondents are key players in the transnational process of cultural mediation. Indeed, their journalistic work helps a national audience to achieve a better understanding of the culture in which these correspondents are immersed, and thereby contributes to cultural understanding between their home country and the host country. Our research focuses on the journalistic practices of French correspondents in China, and highlights the logics of work and the control devices that influence, directly or indirectly, the production of information and, generally speaking, the journalistic practice of foreign correspondents. Based on our field studies and theoretical approaches, our analysis aims at demonstrating that French journalists in China constitute a social microcosm, relatively closed on itself and isolated from the Chinese society. They are often professionals both highly qualified and very experienced. However, they can never really have recourse to the method of "immersion journalism" despite long periods of presence in China. Lots of French journalists cannot directly communicate with the Chinese population, because of their insufficient knowledge of the everyday language. Then their working conditions often face constraints of the Chinese's regulation policy towards foreign journalists. Finally, their limited access to information sources also has a major impact on the process of information production in China

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Jampy, Marc. "Expériences de presse, Lyon 1870-1914." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30016/document.

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Cette thèse est héritière de l’histoire de la presse qui s’est d’abord intéressée aux journaux puis aux journalistes. Cette étude, des journaux et en parallèle des journalistes, vise à combler un vide sur le journalisme de la presse périodique. Elle s’intéresse à la période 1870-1914, et analyse de façon critique ce qui est considéré comme l’âge d’or de la presse. Ce travail s’appuie sur des archives inédites, notamment les rapports de police qui ont été rédigés régulièrement sur les journaux et journalistes de Lyon à cette époque. En effet, si les contraintes politiques sur la presse diminuent, notamment avec la loi sur la liberté de la presse de 1881, la surveillance continue à Lyon. La liberté de la presse, avec les progrès techniques, l’alphabétisation, l’urbanisation, la publicité expliquent la hausse du nombre de journaux, de leur tirage et du nombre de personnes qui se rattachent à ces journaux. 1 725 titres parus durant cette période ainsi que 1130 individus ont été recensés. Ces journaux sont des plus divers par leur périodicité, leur tirage et leur sujet, des quotidiens, aux journaux militants, religieux, de loisirs, professionnels. Mais ils répondent tous à un nouveau besoin d’informer et d’être informé, de médiatisation. Ils ont aussi en commun d’être lancés par des jeunes hommes issus de la classe moyenne. Cette expérience permet à certains de devenir journalistes de quotidien et de connaître une ascension sociale à travers les duels, les décorations et l’appartenance à une association de journalistes. Pour la quasi-totalité d’entre eux cela reste cependant une expérience éphémère qui dure quelques semaines This doctoral thesis is in line with the history of the press which originally focused on newspapers and later on journalists. The research aims at filling a gap of information on the journalism of periodicals by studying newspapers and journalists simultaneously. It focuses on the years 1870-1914 and provides a critical analysis on the era which is often considered as the Golden Age of the press. The author’s work relies on archives that had not been exploited before, in particular on police reports dealing with journalists and newspapers, which were then made on a regular basis. Indeed, although political pressure on the press diminished after the 1881 freedom of the press act was passed, police surveillance remained active in Lyon. Freedom of the press, as well as technical progress, a higher literacy rate, urbanization and the rise of advertising account for an increase in the number of newspapers, their circulation and contributors. 1725 newspapers and 1130 journalists have been listed. Those newspapers varied in periodicity, circulation and topics, ranging from the daily to the activist, the religious or professional. However, they all fulfilled a new need to inform and be informed, of media coverage and they were all launched by young men from the middle class. The experience of journalism allowed some of those young men to become journalists in daily newspapers, to climb the social ladder by fighting duels, getting decorations or joining association of journalists. And yet, for most of them, journalism remained a short-lived adventure of a few weeks only

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Linder, Karin, and Fagerlund Jenny Ringström. "Hårda män och leende kvinnor : en studie om hur dagspress skildrar makthavare." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-16904.

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Syftet med den här uppsatsen har varit att genom ett genusperspektiv undersöka hur dagspress framställer makthavare, det vill säga beslutsfattande kvinnor och män på höga positioner inom näringsliv och politik. Undersökningen har fokuserat på om gestaltningarna sker utifrån könsstereotyper och hur det i sådana fall ser ut. Materialet har varit Dagens Nyheter, DN och Svenska Dagbladet, SvD under perioden 2011-10-01 till 2012-04-01. Undersökningen har gjorts genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys av artiklar som innehåller personintervjuer, där makthavaren får komma till tals genom citat och i löpande text. Utgångspunkten har varit en specifik mall och övergripande frågeställningar för att få reda på hur kvinnor och män på höga positioner i samhället skildras. En jämförelse mellan de båda könen har gjorts för att upptäcka likheter respektive olikheter. Resultatet är att män och kvinnor i vissa fall skildras utifrån könskodade ord. Det vill säga att kvinnor framställs efter typiskt kvinnliga könskodade ord och män efter typiskt manliga könskodade ord. Även bildmässigt framställs kvinnor och män i viss mån efter könsstereotyper, kvinnor ler och män ser hårda ut. En slutsats av studien är att journalister inom dagspress måste bli mer medvetna om hur de skildrar makthavare och vilka ord de använder för att beskriva män respektive kvinnor. Nyckelord: Makt, stereotyper, genus, män, kvinnor, beslutsfattare, journalistik, dagspress, dagstidning, beslutsmakt, media, press, journalist, jämställdhet

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Sesanti, Simphiwe Olicius. "The political role of black journalists in Post-apartheid South Africa : the case of the City Press – 1994 to 2004." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17833.

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Thesis (PhD )--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the political role of the City Press. black journalists in post-apartheid South Africa. Taking into consideration its ownership by a white media company, the study investigated the role played by African cultural values in the execution of their tasks with a particular focus on the period 1994 to 2004. The interest in the role played by African cultural values in the execution of the City Press. black journalists. tasks, and in the issue of the newspaper.s white ownership, was driven by an observation that historically, the trajectory of black newspapers was to a great extent influenced by the interests and values of the owners. The issue of ownership was of interest also because the black political elite frequently accused black journalists in South Africa of undermining the ANC government so as to please the white owners of the newspapers they worked for. Also, taking into consideration that the City Press played a conscious role in the struggle against apartheid, the study sought to investigate the role the City Press defined for its journalists in post-apartheid South Africa, specifically in the first decade after 1994. Three theoretical frameworks were deemed applicable in this study, namely Liberal- Pluralism, Political Economy, and Afrocentric theories on the media.s political role in society. The first was chosen on the basis of its theorisation on the political role of the media. The second was chosen on the basis of its analysis of the link between the performance of the media and ownership, although that is not the only issue Political Economy deals with. The third was chosen on the basis of its focus on African historical and cultural issues. The study has employed qualitative research methods, namely content analysis and interviews. It has a quantitative aspect in that it involved the counting of the City Press. editorials, columns and opinion pieces, as an indication of how many journalistic pieces were analysed. The period of this study ends in 2004 in the year that the City Press was re-launched as a ¡°Distinctly African¡± newspaper. The ¡°Distinctly African¡± concept had both cultural and political implications for the City Press. journalists. This study covers some of these aspects in a limited way since the research period ends in the year 2004. The research found that in post-apartheid South Africa, the City Press. black journalists. political role was to make sure that the objectives of the anti-apartheid struggle were achieved. It also established that the City Press. black journalists executed their tasks independently without interference from their newspaper.s white owners. The study also established that some of the newspaper.s black journalists experienced tensions between what they perceived as expectations of journalism and what they perceived as the prescriptions of African culture. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het die volgende ondersoek: die politieke rol van die City Press se swart joernaliste in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika, die rol van Afrika-kulturele waardes in die uitvoering van hul taak met 'n spesifieke fokus op die periode 1994 tot 2004, en die konteks van die koerant as eiendom van 'n tradisionele wit media maatskappy. Die belangstelling in die rol van Afrika-kulturele waardes in die uitvoering van die taak van die City Press se swart joernaliste en die kwessie van die koerant se wit eienaarskap is gedryf deur die waarneming dat, histories, swart koerante grotendeels beïnvloed is deur die belange en waardes van die eienaars. Die kwessie van eienaarskap was ook van belang omdat die politieke elite gereeld swart joernaliste beskuldig het dat hulle die ANC-regering ondermyn om sodoende die wit eienaars van die publikasies vir wie hulle werk, tevrede te stel. In ag geneem die feit dat die City Press 'n bewustelike rol in die struggle teen apartheid gespeel het, het die studie ook die rol ondersoek wat die City Press vir sy joernaliste in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika gedefinieer het, spesifiek in die eerste dekade ná 1994. Drie teoretiese raamwerke is beskou as van belang vir hierdie studie, naamlik die Liberale- Pluralisme, die Politieke Ekonomie en Afrosentriese teorieë oor die media se politieke rol in die samelewing. Die studie het twee kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodologieë gebruik, by name inhoudsanalise en onderhoude. Daar was 'n kwantitatiewe aspek deurdat die City Press se hoofartikels, rubrieke en meningstukke getel is as 'n aanduiding van hoeveel stukke geanaliseer is. Die navorsing het bevind dat die City Press se swart joernaliste hul politieke rol in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika gesien het as om onder meer seker te maak dat die doelwitte van die vryheidstryd bereik word. Die studie het ook vasgestel dat die City Press se swart joernaliste hul taak onafhanklik en sonder inmenging van die koerant se wit eienaars kon doen. Ook is bevind dat sommige van die koerant se swart joernaliste spanning ervaar tussen eise van die joernalistiek en wat hulle beskou as voorskriftelikheid van Afrika-kulturele waardes. Die tydperk van die studie eindig in 2004, die jaar waarin die City Press geloods is as 'n "Distinctly African"-koerant. Die "Distinctly African"-konsep het beide kulturele en politieke implikasies vir die City Press se joernaliste. Hierdie studie dek sommige van hierdie aspekte in 'n beperkte mate aangesien die navorsingstydperk in 2004 eindig. Dit word voorgestel dat meer navorsing gedoen word met spesifieke verwysing na die tydperk tussen 2004 en 2009, die volgende vyf jaar van demokrasie in Suid-Afrika. In die politieke diskoers verwys die swart politieke elite gereeld na Afrika-kultuur. Dit is nog 'n aspek wat toekomstige studies kan ondersoek, naamlik die verhouding tussen joernalistieke waardes en praktyke aan die een kant, en Afrika-kultuur aan die ander. Stellenbosch University Awqaf Foundation

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Amiel, Pauline. "L'identité professionnelle des localiers à l'heure des mutations économiques et de la dématérialisation de la presse locale." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30245/document.

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La presse locale est en pleine mutation. Actrice majeure de la constitution d'un espace public territorialisé, elle subit la dématérialisation des contenus sans avoir trouvé encore sa voie. Les journalistes localiers, au premier plan, endurent les bouleversements en cours. Les entreprises de presse locale se transforment progressivement en groupes multimédias. Ces mutations économiques perturbent les localiers. Le constat de l'évolution vers le journalisme de communication a déjà été établi pour les presses nationale ou internationale, nous proposons de l'étudier au niveau de la presse infra-nationale en France. Ces transformations socio-économiques, qui s'inscrivent dans le processus d'évolution des industries culturelles et médiatiques, altèrent les discours, les pratiques et l'identité professionnelle des localiers. Le marketing et la dématérialisation des contenus journalistiques fonctionnent alors comme des rouages d'un mécanisme plus large qui impacte les rédactions locales. Les directions de ces groupes multimédias, à travers plusieurs stratégies managériales, agissent sur les représentations des localiers. C'est dans ce contexte que se créent de nouveaux mythes : le passé du groupe professionnel, les lecteurs et les relations au territoire sont repensés. Leur identité professionnelle se trouve ainsi tiraillée entre la volonté de maintien des valeurs initiales du groupe professionnel et les adaptations imposées par leur situation actuelle French local press is changing. Major actor of a territorialized public space, it suffers of digitalization of news. Also, local press companies progressively turn into multimedia groups. At the forefront, local journalists are upset by these fundamental changes. This dissertation tries to show the influences of local press groups’ economical mutation into multimedia groups on local journalists. The evolution of communication journalism had been established for national or global presses; we propose to study this phenomenon at the local press level in France. These economic transformations change speeches, practices and professional identity of local journalists. They adhere in the general reflexion on cultural and media industry studies. Marketing and digitalization of journalists productions operate as mechanisms of a total dispositive which impact local newsrooms. General directions of multimedia groups, through several management strategies, try to modify local journalists representations. In this context, new mythologies appear: journalists rewrite the history of their professional group, establish new myths about their readers and rebuild on line the relationships with their territory. Therefore, their professional identity is upset in two different ways. On the one hand, they want to keep their first positions and maintain their prerogatives. On the other hand, local journalists accept important concessions to upgrade their position in their multimedia groups

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Gould, Davina Yetter. "A Qualitative Analysis of Trust Issues in the Journalist/Government Communicator Relationship: An Exploratory Study." [Tampa, Fla. : s.n.], 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000102.

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Hughes-Watkins, Lae'l I. "Fay M. Jackson: The Sociopolitical Narrative of a Pioneering African American Female Journalist." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1213112337.

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Li, You Winfield Betty Houchin. "The military versus the press Japanese military controls over one U.S. journalist, John B. Powell, in Shanghai during the Sino-Japanese war, 1937-1941 /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5656.

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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on September 25, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Betty Houchin Winfield. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Limon, Elvia. "The Struggling Dance: The Latino Journalist Experience Covering Hispanic and Latino Communities in Dallas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984266/.

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This qualitative study addresses how the Dallas Morning News and Al Día reporters and editors determine what type of news related to the Dallas Latino and Hispanic communities gets covered. It also looks into how and why each newspaper tackles the coverage of these communities. Through a systematic analysis of 8 in-depth interviews and a 6-month ethnography, the findings of this study suggest that Latino and Hispanic journalists in Dallas feel the Latino and Hispanic communities are regarded as the "other." This study suggests the newsroom's hegemony and its news production routines influence the way Latino and Hispanic communities are covered in Dallas, and the way Latino and Hispanic reporters and editors who primarily cover these communities are treated. Though the newsrooms have made an effort to diversity its staff, reporters and editors claim they still have a long way to go before the staff accurately represents the large Hispanic and Latino population in the city.

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Lardeau, Matthieu. "Changement institutionnel et managérialisation : transformation de la presse quotidienne nationale française et des pratiques professionnelles journalistiques (1944-2010)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32068.

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La presse de hard news connaît les prémices d’un changement institutionnel qui se traduit en particulier par un processus de managérialisation des modes de gestion des rédactions et des pratiques professionnelles journalistiques. En mobilisant la théorie néo-institutionnelle, nous appréhendons ce phénomène à travers l’analyse de conflits entre logiques institutionnelles définies par des sous-logiques institutionnelles. On peut ainsi constater une érosion de la robustesse de la logique éditoriale dominante (depuis 1944) dans la gestion des rédactions et des activités journalistiques au profit de la logique business ou d’une nouvelle logique hybride managériale (qui combine des éléments des logiques éditoriale et business). A travers principalement des études ethnographiques menées au sein des rédactions de La Croix, de 20 Minutes et du Parisien-Aujourd’hui en France (entre 2007 et 2009), nous proposons une description des profils des journalistes-managers et une analyse de leur pratiques quotidiennes pour montrer le rôle substantiel rempli par ces JM dans ce processus de managérialisation. Par ailleurs, nous identifions les trois situations majeures dans lesquelles se trouvent aujourd’hui les groupes de PQN relativement à ce processus de managérialisation : des rédactions gouvernées par la logique éditoriale qui reste dominante, des rédactions qui connaissent un changement de logique dominante – passant de la logique éditoriale à la logique business – et des rédactions engagées dans une voie médiane caractérisée par la recherche d’une logique institutionnelle hybride en voie de pré-institutionnalisation. Notre analyse socio-historique de ce changement institutionnel de la presse de hard news (entre 1944 et 2010) conduit enfin à proposer une lecture prospective de la lutte sous-jacente pour la détention du pouvoir de direction des groupes de presse que se livrent actionnaires, managers et journalistes et au sein de laquelle nous identifions le rôle central rempli par les JM dans la définition et l’orientation à donner au processus de managérialisation Hard news press faces the early beginnings of a deep institutional change through a managerialization process of newsrooms’ and journalistic practices management. Using the new institutionalism theory we assume to scrutinize this change through studying emerging conflicts between institutional logics – and underlying institutional logics – Inside newsrooms. We particularly notice that the strength of the dominant logic (since 1944 in France) – the editorial logic – that traditionally shapes and governs the newsroom and journalistic practices’ management is eroding; thus sometimes the competitive logic – the business logic –appears dominant or a new hybrid logic – combining elements from editorial and business logics – comes up. We have done extensive ethnographic studies inside newsrooms of three French major national newspapers, La Croix, 20 Minutes, and Le Parisien-Aujourd’hui en France (from 2007 to 2009). As a result we offer a first deep description of the characteristics of journalist-managers and analysis of their daily practices, and we show the major role played by these journalist-managers in the managerialization process. We also identify the three major situations that face the French Press groups regarded to managerialization: some newsrooms are still ruled and shaped by the editorial dominant logic; some that face a shift in the dominant logic – from the editorial to the business one; some that experience the attempt to define a hybrid institutional logic that only appears at a proto-institutionalization stage. Our socio-historical analysis of this deep institutional change process that affect the hard news press (from 1944 to 2010) finally invites to consider the evolution of the underlying struggle for power to run the Press firms involving shareholders, managers, and journalists; we assume journalist-managers play and will play the major role in shaping the orientation and content of managerialization process

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Fierens, Marie. "Le journalisme en République démocratique du Congo et en Côte d'Ivoire: émergence et évolution d'une profession, de la colonisation à nos jours." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209197.

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Le travail retrace l’évolution du métier de journaliste de presse écrite en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) et en Côte d’Ivoire, de la fin de la période coloniale à nos jours. Plus précisément, il s’attache à en comprendre l’émergence et la structuration progressive, à Léopoldville (devenue Kinshasa) et à Abidjan. L’objectif consiste à dégager les éléments qui ont modelé le métier dans les deux pays, pour mieux comprendre la forme qu’il emprunte aujourd’hui.La recherche se fonde principalement sur l’exploitation d’une centaine d’entretiens menés pour la plupart à Kinshasa et à Abidjan, sur l’exploitation de corpus de presse et sur l’exploitation de ressources documentaires et bibliographiques. Elle adopte une perspective comparative visant à mettre en évidence les similitudes et les spécificités qui ont marqué l’évolution du journalisme de presse écrite en RDC et en Côte d’Ivoire.Le travail se divise en quatre parties, dont les trois premières s’arrêtent sur des moments importants de la structuration de la profession. La première présente la façon dont les Congolais et les Ivoiriens se sont investis progressivement dans le journalisme de presse écrite, particulièrement à la fin de la période coloniale, dans un contexte de pluralisme limité. La deuxième étudie la pratique du journalisme et sa structuration, au Congo et en Côte d’Ivoire, durant le long règne des partis uniques. La troisième partie analyse la nouvelle forme que revêt la profession depuis la libéralisation politique et médiatique du début des années 1990. Pour chaque période, l’analyse comporte trois axes destinés à mettre en évidence les éléments utiles à la comparaison. Le premier permet de mettre au jour le système relationnel qui existe autour des journalistes congolais et ivoiriens de presse écrite, afin d’identifier les facteurs sociétaux qui influencent leur pratique. Le deuxième axe dévoile les dynamiques internes du groupe professionnel, dans les deux pays. Enfin, le troisième axe se construit autour des parcours individuels d’un certain nombre de journalistes, ce qui permet de cerner leurs motivations et leur perception du métier.L’approche comparative constitue la quatrième partie de la recherche. Elle s’appuie sur le concept de « configuration » de Norbert Elias pour corréler les trois axes et les trois périodes décrits ci-dessus, pour penser l’émergence et l’évolution de la profession en termes de relations, d’interdépendances et de négociation.L’imprécision des contours du groupe, des profils professionnels et des pratiques apparaît constitutive du journalisme de presse écrite, au Congo et en Côte d’Ivoire. La forme que revêt aujourd’hui la profession résulte d’une suite d’interdépendances, régulièrement renégociées, qui lie les journalistes aux autres acteurs au cours du temps./The thesis traces the development of the profession of newspaper journalist in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Côte d’Ivoire, from the end of the colonial era until today. More precisely, it seeks to understand its emergence and structural development in Léopoldville (Kinshasa) and Abidjan. The objective is to identify the elements that fashioned the profession in both countries so as to better understand its current form.The research rests chiefly on the use of about 100 interviews conducted for the most part in Kinshasa and Abidjan as well on the use of press corpuses and of documentary and bibliographic resources. The research takes a comparative approach that aims to highlight the similarities and specificities that have marked the evolution of newspaper journalism in the DRC and Côte d’Ivoire.The thesis is divided into four parts, the first three of which concentrate on key moments in the profession’s structural growth. Part One outlines the way in which the Congolese and Ivorians gradually became involved in print journalism, in particular at the end of the colonial era, in a context where pluralism was limited. Part Two studies the practice of journalism and its structural elaboration, in the Congo and Côte d’Ivoire, under the long reign of the one-party systems. Part Three examines the new form assumed by the profession since the political and media liberalization of the early 1990s. For each period, the analysis relies on three axes destined to emphasize the elements that are useful for the comparison. The first axis makes it possible to reveal the network of relations existing around Congolese and Ivorian newspaper journalists in order to identify the societal factors influencing their practice. The second axis sheds light on the professional body’s internal dynamics in the two countries. Lastly, the third axis centres on the individual careers of a number of journalists, making it possible to grasp their professional motivations and their perception of the sector. The comparative approach composes the fourth part of the thesis. It relies on Norbert Elias’s notion of ‘configuration’ to correlate the three axes and periods described above in order to examine the profession’s emergence and evolution in terms of relations, interdependencies and negotiations.The vagueness of the group’s contours, of the professional profiles and of the practices appears constitutive of newspaper journalism in the Congo and Côte d’Ivoire. The profession’s current form is the result of a succession of interdependencies, regularly renegotiated, that has linked the journalists to other actors over the course of time. Doctorat en Information et communication info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Noblet, Arnaud. "Les régimes d’historicité du journalisme : héritages et transformations à l’ère d’Internet." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20091.

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En l’absence d’une définition consensuelle ou d’une essence évidente, ce à quoi il est fait référence lorsque nous employons le terme « journalisme » fait écho à une figure du passé, à une image antérieure, celle-ci constituant une sorte de jauge, un mètre étalon à partir duquel nous nous positionnons plus ou moins explicitement. Ce mètre étalon pèse fortement sur nos conceptions présentes. D’où la nécessité, pour y voir clair aujourd’hui, de mettre à jour le processus d’élaboration de l’objet « journalisme » à travers le temps, en étudiant le discours historiographique sur ce thème. C’est dans cette perspective qu’a été mobilisée la notion de « régimes d’historicités ». Plusieurs de ces régimes se superposent : de la référence fondatrice de la presse écrite, en passant par l’arrimage du journalisme avec l’idéal de l’instauration de la liberté politique au sein de l’espace public, jusqu’à l’émergence, relativement récente dans l’historiographie, d’un prisme « professionnel » portant notamment une attention particulière aux acteurs de la sphère journalistique. Loin d’être figés ou statiques, ces régimes d’historicité, toile de fond à partir de laquelle nous pensons actuellement le journalisme, sont remis en cause et réinventés par les questionnements liés aux évolutions récentes, principalement l’émergence d’Internet. En bousculant les référents anciens, ces évolutions actuelles déplacent en retour les cadres et les bases historiques qui sous-tendaient jusqu’ici l’analyse du journalisme, un tel glissement offrant un nouveau prisme (et peut-être un nouveau régime d’historicité) à la lecture des pratiques et des identités journalistiques contemporaines In the absence of an accepted definition or an undeniable essence of what is being described by the term “journalism,” when it is used it seemingly refers to a figure or representation of the past which becomes a gauge against which current studies position themselves more or less explicitly. Such a standard weighs heavily on present-day conceptions of the press, which is why it has become necessary to study the process through which “journalism” has been constructed as an object of research, notably through the examination of historiographic discourse on the subject.It is for this reason that the notion of “cycles of historicity” has been developed. Several of these cycles overlap: references to the founding of the written press; perceptions of the grounding of journalism in the ideal of political liberty extended to the public sphere; relatively recent historiographical interpretations of journalistic “professionalism” which pay special attention to the actors in the field. These cycles of historicity are far from static or immobile; they provide the backdrop for the ways in which journalism is perceived, and which are now being called into question by the appearance of recent evolutions notably brought to light by the Internet. By shaking the foundations of former models, these evolutions are reshaping the framework of the historical analysis of journalism, thus offering new approaches and perspectives to the study of contemporary journalistic practices and identities – perhaps even opening the door to a new cycle of historicity

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Seck, Sellé. "La responsabilité pénale du journaliste et les délits de presse au Sénégal : une contribution à l'effectivité de la liberté de la presse." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1047.

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La constitution du 22 janvier 2001 dispose expressément que la République du Sénégal garantit la liberté de la presse et le droit à l’information plurielle. Néanmoins, le journaliste sénégalais est resté justiciable des codes pénal et de procédure pénale, adoptés dans l’élan répressif des années 1960. Ce droit pénal commun qui intègre paradoxalement la loi française spéciale du 29 juillet 1881 sur la liberté de la presse, héritée de la colonisation, apparaît comme dépassé par l’évolution de la démocratie sénégalaise et l’aspiration du peuple à l’épanouissement et au progrès social. L’activité journalistique est une activité potentiellement délinquantielle. Il peut arriver que le journaliste abuse de la liberté d’expression en foulant au pied la loi et les règles de la déontologie de sa profession. La justice du droit pénal a vocation à lui être applicable. Mais, ce constat ne doit point occulter la nécessité dans laquelle se trouve le législateur de rendre sauve la liberté de la presse dans l’exercice de sa compétence exclusive de fixation et de détermination des abus intolérables de ladite liberté. Pour ce faire, l’adoption d’une législation spéciale, détachée de l’emprise tutélaire des codes pénal et de procédure pénale, s’impose. C’est une condition nécessaire, mais non suffisante. La prévisibilité de la loi applicable à la responsabilité pénale du professionnel de l’information, l’indépendance du juge qui l’applique, la non-ingérence du pouvoir politique dans la liberté d’informer du journaliste sont autant de conditions nécessaires à la répression des abus de la liberté de la presse Senegalese Constitution dated 22th January 2001 clearly provides that the country guarantees the freedom of the press and the right to multi-sourced information. And yet the Senegalese journalist remains subject to the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure adopted in the repressive surge of the 1960’s.The local Criminal law which paradoxically includes French special 29th July 1881 Act on the freedom of the press seems outdated and overtaken by the evolution of the Senegalese democracy and the people’s yearning for development and social progress. The journalistic activity potentially brings forth offences. The journalist may take too much advantage of the freedom of the press violating thereby the law and his own deontology. Criminal law justice must therefore be applicable to them. However this must not conceal the law-maker‘s necessity to safeguard the freedom of the press. To that end it is necessary to set up a special legislation free from the Criminal Code and from the Code of Criminal Procedure. This is a necessity though insufficient. The predictability of the law applicable to the criminal liability of the journalist, the independence of the applying judges and the non-interference of the political power in the journalist’s freedom of speech are prerequisites to the repression of the abuses of the freedom of the press. Our present thesis aims on the one hand to diagnose the criminal liability regime of the Senegalese journalist and also to prove the inadequacy of the criminal law with its legal liability. We will then suggest a particular criminal liability system more respectful of the freedom of the press

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Champomier, Emmanuelle. "Contribution à l’histoire de la presse cinématographique française. Étude comparée de la genèse et de l’évolution de douze revues de cinéma entre 1908 et 1940." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA029.

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Source majeure de l’histoire du cinéma, la presse cinématographique française des premiers temps reste pourtant encore un vaste continent à explorer. À partir d’un corpus composé de douze revues couvrant la période de 1908 à 1940, cette recherche entreprend d’étudier les facteurs à la fois techniques, économiques et sociaux de la naissance et de l’évolution de la presse cinématographique française sur trois décennies. Envisagée en tant qu’entreprise de presse, dans sa dimension collective, chaque revue fait l’objet d’une étude méthodique de son identité, de ses spécificités, ainsi que des différentes mutations, administratives, techniques, économiques, formelles et éditoriales, subies. L’ambition première de cette thèse est de proposer une histoire autant de la presse que des journalistes. Elle aspire ainsi à définir la profession de journaliste et de critique de cinéma, telle qu’elle est perçue à l’époque par la corporation du cinéma ainsi que les journalistes et critiques eux-mêmes. La définition de cette fonction se fait également à travers la création de groupements professionnels, dont cette recherche espère avoir éclairé l’histoire et les péripéties qui la jalonnent. Le dessein poursuivi par ailleurs est de contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des hommes, journalistes et critiques, encore méconnus pour la plupart mais qui ont pourtant été des figures marquantes de leur époque, qui ont participé à la création de la presse spécialisée et à l’élaboration d’une pensée et d’une critique cinématographiques dans les années 1900-1930 A major source for history of cinema, the early French film press however still remains a vast, unexplored continent. With a body of research composed of twelve film magazines spanning over the 1908-1940 period, this thesis aims to study the technical, economical and social factors involved in the birth and evolution of the French film press over three decades. Contemplated as a press organization, in its collective dimension, each film magazine is subject to a methodical study of its identity, specifications and various mutations – administrative, technical, economical, formal and editorial – incurred. The main ambition of this thesis is to propose a history of press as well as of journalists. The study thus aims to define the profession of journalist and film critic, as it is perceived in this period by the film corporation and the journalists and critics themselves. This fonction also defines itself through the creation of professional associations, the history and adventures of which this research hopes it has illuminated. The pursued purpose is also to contribute in a better knowledge of the men, journalists and critics, remaining mainly unrecognized to this day despite being major figures of their time, who participated in the creation of the specialized press and the formulation of a critical thought about cinema, in the 1900s-1930s

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Libert, Manon. "Mutations des trajectoires professionnelles et des conditions d'emploi et de travail des journalistes de la presse écrite quotidienne en Belgique francophone." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/251929.

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Dans un contexte d'érosion des ventes, de diminution des recettes publicitaires et de bouleversements induits par les innovations technologiques, cette thèse analyse les récentes évolutions, réelles et ressenties, des conditions d'emploi et de travail des journalistes de la presse quotidienne belge francophone. Son objectif est de comprendre comme les journalistes vivent ces évolutions et, à ce titre, comment elles influencent leur trajectoire professionnelle.Cette thèse se fonde sur une démarche de recherche mixte, associant des instruments quantitatifs et qualitatifs. Elle commence par la présentation des résultats d'une large enquête quantitative conduite auprès des journalistes belges titulaires de la carte de presse. Cette partie apporte de nombreuses données sur les profils, les situations d'emploi et les conditions de travail du groupe journalistique. Par ailleurs, elle met en évidence le regard porté par les journalistes à l'égard des changements qui traversent leur métier. Étudier les évolutions des conditions d'emploi et de travail nécessitait la mise en œuvre d'une approche socio-historique et inductive :cette thèse s'est dès lors centrée sur l'étude d'une grande entreprise de presse belge. Elle s'est employée à retracer l'histoire des relations de travail du quotidien de référence Le Soir depuis la fin des années 1990 à 2013. Cette approche met en lumière les logiques managériales qui sous-tendent ces évolutions et la manière dont les différents acteurs de l'entreprise y réagissent. Enfin, cette recherche repose également sur des entretiens biographiques conduits auprès de journalistes qui travaillent ou qui ont travaillé pour le journal Le Soir au cours de la période étudiée. Ces entretiens permettent d'appréhender les principales dynamiques qui fondent les trajectoires professionnelles dans le but de comprendre comment celles-ci sont influencées par les transformations intervenues au sein du journal.Les mutations récentes des conditions d'emploi et de travail des journalistes du quotidien Le Soir ont entrainé de profonds bouleversements identitaires pour les journalistes qui sont de plus en plus confrontés à des tensions entre leur identification au groupe professionnel, leur appartenance au milieu organisationnel et leur trajectoire individuelle. Elles remettent en question l'attachement et l'engagement des journalistes envers leur quotidien et peuvent, à ce titre, conduire à des changements importants dans les parcours professionnels. Doctorat en Information et communication info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Silva, Rafael Pereira da. "Ethos, discurso e identidade profissional dos jornalistas em assessoria de imprensa." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/188.

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Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2015-12-11T14:28:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelpereiradasilva.pdf: 1215601 bytes, checksum: 18e34e31d7de03791d59cf4088fe46e3 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2015-12-11T15:06:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelpereiradasilva.pdf: 1215601 bytes, checksum: 18e34e31d7de03791d59cf4088fe46e3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-11T15:06:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaelpereiradasilva.pdf: 1215601 bytes, checksum: 18e34e31d7de03791d59cf4088fe46e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 A pesquisa visa analisar o ethos discursivo dos jornalistas que atuam em assessoria imprensa. O ethos é compreendido como a imagem de si mostrado por meio do discurso. A investigação parte de uma reflexão sobre as transformações no mundo dos jornalistas, onde se constata um conjunto de mudanças no mercado profissional, este fenômeno tem desencadeado alterações significativas sobre a identidade profissional dos jornalistas. Por outro lado, tem-se um alargamento do campo profissional, em que, gradualmente, os jornalistas passam a atuar em espaços extra-redações exercendo o papel de assessor de imprensa ou comunicação. No entanto, a imprensa e os jornalistas se consolidaram ao longo dos séculos como uma instituição ligada aos princípios democráticos, filhos do Iluminismo, o jornalismo e os jornalistas sempre tiveram um ethos e uma ideologia vinculada ao interesse público e ao interesse social. Tendo em vista a mudança de habitus dos jornalistas profissionais, este estudo pretende inserir-se em um conjunto de investigações não “normatizadores” sobre a identidade profissional dos jornalistas. Assim sendo, por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com seis agentes desse campo, procuraremos compreender qual é a imagem de si projetada por meio do discurso dos jornalistas que atuam em assessoria de imprensa. Além disso, utilizamos como aparato metodológico a análise do discurso, na linha francesa para analisar as entrevistas. Como abordagem teórica, nos apropriamos das noções de Campo e habitus desenvolvidas por Pierre Bourdieu, assim como empregamos o conceito de ethos discursivo nas perspectivas de Dominique Maingueneu e de Ruth Amossy a fim de balizar nossa argumentação. The research aims to analyze the discursive ethos of journalists working in press officer. The ethos is understood as the picture shown itself through discourse. The research part of a reflection on the changes in the world of journalists, which noted a number of changes in the professional market, this phenomenon has triggered significant changes on the professional identity of journalists. How to ensure some researchers, journalism is undergoing structural changes. On the other hand, there is an extension of the professional field in which gradually journalists start to act in extra-essays spaces playing the role of press and communications officer. However, the press and journalists have consolidated over the centuries as an institution linked to democratic principles, children of the Enlightenment, journalism and journalists have always had an ethos and an ideology linked to the public interest and social interest. In view of the change of habitus of professional journalists, this study intends to enter into a body of research not "standard-setting" on the professional identity of journalists. Thus, through in-depth interviews with six agents of this field, try to understand what is the image of themselves projected through discourse of journalists working in the press office. In addition, we use as method discourse analysis in the French line to analyze the interviews. As a theoretical approach we appropriate the field notions of habitus developed by Pierre Bourdieu, as well as employ the concept of discursive ethos prospects of Dominique Maingueneu and Ruth Amossy to mark out our argument.

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Naït-Bouda, Faïza. "Reconfiguration du champ journalistique et logiques sociales : enjeux d'une représentation des journalistes pigistes en précaires." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENL016.

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Au cours des trois dernières décennies, la mise en œuvre de stratégies industrielles et éditoriales par les groupes de presse écrite a poussé les marchés du travail journalistique à se conformer à de nouvelles exigences d'adaptation. Face à ces transformations, les positions traditionnelles des acteurs du champ journalistique ont été profondément remises en question, traduisant une reconfiguration en termes de normes et de pratiques socio-discursives, mais aussi de distribution des rôles et des pouvoirs. Notre travail de recherche propose de s'intéresser au cas des journalistes pigistes dont le positionnement dans une « zone grise » du marché du travail en fait des « analyseurs » privilégiés des mutations en cours au sein du secteur de presse. La précarité qui leur est fatalement assignée est ici questionnée comme une catégorie situationnelle et relationnelle nous informant d'une « déstructuration-restructuration » du champ journalistique. La précarité mobilisée dans les discours des acteurs du champ apporte dès lors un éclairage sur les logiques sociales à l'œuvre et permet d'approcher, d'une part, les enjeux qui sous-tendent la stigmatisation des journalistes pigistes en précaires, et, d'autre part, les stratégies qui les portent. Il apparaît que cette représentation à visée différentielle fait singulièrement sens dans un contexte socio-économique de restructuration des industries culturelles. Révélatrice d'une tension entre légitimation et modernisation d'une presse en mutation, la précarité affectée aux journalistes pigistes se met au service des stratégies d'adaptation des acteurs en présence. Elle sert en premier lieu celles des stigmatisés qui, en procédant à un « retournement du stigmate », saisissent l'occasion de faire émerger une identité « para-journalistique » fondée sur une culture qui leur serait propre : le « pigisme » Over the past three decades, the industrial and editorial strategies of French press groups pushed the journalistic labour markets to adapt to new requirements. Faced with these changes, the traditional positions of the actors involved in the journalistic field were deeply challenged leading to a reconfiguration in terms of standards and socio-discursive practices, but also in terms of the distribution of roles and powers. Our research focuses on the case of the French “pigistes” journalists who are located in a "grey area" of the labour market and thereby become privileged "analyzers" of the ongoing changes in the French press industry. The precariousness assigned to them is examined as a relational notion, which allows us to approach very closely the "breakdown-restructuring" movement of the modern French journalistic field. The study of the uses of this notion in the discourses of the main actors in this field brings light on the social logics at work. It underlines what is at stake in the stigmatization of “pigistes” journalists in "precarious" professionals on the one hand and which strategies this stigma help to satisfy on the other hand. It appears that this representation implies a differentiation between two types of journalists (the precarious ones and the others), which singularly makes sense in a socio-economic restructuring of cultural industries. Revealing a tension between legitimacy and modernization of a changing press, the precariousness assigned to the “pigistes” journalists supports the adaptation strategies of the actors involved in the field. Above all, this stigmatization serves firstly this stigmatized journalists who by conducting a “reversal of the stigma” seize the opportunity to bring forth a “para-journalistic” identity based on a culture they would own: the “pigisme.”

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Spitéri, Gérard. "Permanences et métamorphoses du journalisme et des journalistes de la presse écrite nationale." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05H043.

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Le statut, le rôle et l'activité du journaliste sont mis en question par la sociologie critique, surtout depuis le développement des médias de masse. Cette thèse se donne pour objet d'explorer les nouvelles conditions d'exercice de ce métier dans la presse écrite nationale dans un champ couvrant principalement les trois décennies du XXe siècle. Pour cela, il s'agit de remonter à l'origine des préjugés qui fondent une rivalité de statut autant qu'un conflit de légitimité entre l'homme de lettres et le signataire de feuilles publiques dont l'enjeu est l'influence d'une parole sur l'opinion. L'examen de la réalité de la pratique au cours de cette période permet de mettre en évidence les rémanences de cette situation ainsi que les métamorphoses du journaliste dans un environnement nouveau. Pour une bonne part, les nouvelles règles de la communication sont consécutives à des boulversements socio-politiques dans lequel le médiateur a perdu l'exclusivité de la transmission du message au bénéfice d'autres acteurs de la société civile. Cette modification du biotope qui a vu la disparition de la censure officielle a engendré un changement de mentalité du journaliste qui tente déjouer la vindicte générale contre "les médias" par une attitude plus responsable, plus civique, au prix d'un décalage avec l'opinion publique Since the development of mass media, Sociologist have challenged the position and function of journalists. This thesis intends to deal with the change in the working conditions of print journalism. From a sociological perspective it will examine the origin of the prejudices which set a competition of influence, as well as a conflict of rights between the literary workd and the authors of libels whose very words succeeded in influencing public opinion. By examining carefully the actual practical experience of journalists during the last 3 decades of the XXth century, it has become obvious to point out what was left of the previous situation as well as the metamorphoses or changes the press went through. The new rules governing communication have their origin in sociological and political disruptions which stole from journalists the monopoly of forwarding the message to pass it on to other actors of our modern society. This alteration in the milieu after the disappearing of official censorship has lead to a change in the journalists'minds. They have tried to turn the common condemnation of the media into a more responsible attitude even if it goes against public opinion

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Ngangum, Peter Tiako. "Press Freedom, Professionalization and Institutionalization of Journalism in Cameroon since the 1990s." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/271055.

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This study focuses on the development of press freedom and professional journalism in Cameroon since the country's transition to democracy in the 1990s. More precisely, it examines how press freedom and professionalism have become formalized through processes of legislation and institutionalization. To realize this, this study uses a broad literature review and documentary analysis to gain an overview of the evolution of press freedom and the professionalization of journalism in Cameroon. It also incorporates survey, in-depth interviews and newsroom observation to gain additional insights into how Cameroonian journalists go about their daily routines and the extent to which they feel free and autonomous to do so, as well as to better understand both the relationship between the roles of individual journalists and the organizational and societal contexts in which they operate. I contend that it is only through blending the survey, interview and newsroom observation that we can have a broader picture of the gap between role perception and performance in journalism.The study draws from the political economy approach to inform its discussions. It argues that journalism is a socially constructed activity within a specific political, economic, legal and regulatory context. It also draws from the sociology of the professions to analyse the professionalization of journalism in Cameroon, the role perception theory to underpin the journalistic role perceptions of Cameroonian journalists and the role perception and performance gap theory to explain and understand the gap between the various roles Cameroonian journalists believe the media should fulfil and the extent to which they perform these roles in daily practice.The hierarchical news environment includes not only reporters but also editors and directors of news publications, whose job involves ensuring that information reaching the public is ethically sound. From within the Cameroonian newsrooms, the role of editors and directors of news publications as gatekeepers, commercial and economic pressures, the interests of owners may undermine the efforts of journalists in performing their roles in actual practice. From outside the news organization, state interference in the media, the use of repressive press laws, sources, advertisers, political elites and the prevalence of gombo may limit the freedom and autonomy of journalists to live up to their ideals. When combined, these factors are likely to create a gap between journalists' ideals and practice. Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Fabregat, Eduard (Fabregat Rodergas). "The Journalistic field of the neighbourhood journalists: the case of immigrants' representation in the neighbourhood press of Barcelona." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397753.

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Mainstream press tends to give visibility to immigrants only when problems arise. Through this visibility based on problems a virtual social identity is constructed and given to the immigration population. This identity is built on stereotypes and is not necessarily correct. However, the neighbourhood press of Barcelona, inscribed within the Catalan regional press’ own idea of journalism, offers a different approach to this issue due to its history, proximity and commitment to the region, and hence, the different characteristics of these journalists’ field where different capitals are sought and taken into consideration and different habitus are found. Therefore this press constructs and gives a different virtual social identity by using a differentiated set of frames. Through studying this mechanism the process through which this particular sort of press, and specifically its journalists, approach the idea of journalism was unearthed and its journalistic field explained. La premsa generalista tendeix a donar visibilitat als immigrants només quan sorgeixen problemes. A través d'aquesta visibilitat basada en problemes es construeix una identitat social virtual. Aquesta identitat es construida amb estereotips i no és necessàriament correcte. No obstant això, la premsa de barri de Barcelona, dintre de la tradició de la premsa regional Catalana, ofereix, a causa de la seva història, proximitat i compromís amb la regió, un enfocament diferent a aquest problema i, per tant, les característiques diferents del camp social d'aquests periodistes fan que es busquin i es tinguin en compte diferents habitus i diferents capitals. D’aquesta manera aquesta premsa construeix i dóna una identitat social virtual diferent mitjançant l'ús d'un conjunt diferenciat de marcs. A través de l'estudi d'aquest mecanisme el procés a través del qual aquest tipus particular de premsa, i en concret els seus periodistes, s'acosten a la idea del periodisme ha estat estudiat i el seu camp periodístic explicat.

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23

Barnett, Maura. "The contemporary response to British art before Ruskin's "Modern painters" : an examination of exhibition reviews published in the British periodical press and the journalist art critics who penned them : from the late eighteenth century to 1843." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1993. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34732/.

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A particular literary genre, the exhibition review, forms the subject of this dissertation. It represents one facet of a discourse which began to develop in Britain during the latter years of the eighteenth century. Art historians have become increasingly interested in such criticism, but have usually treated it, not as an historical phenomenon which in itself deserves a full investigation, but as a pool of evidence from which to draw remarks concerning individual artists or works of art It is argued that such a one-dimensional approach is unsatisfactory, but that in attempting to go beyond it, the methodological problems posed by this primary source need to be considered. It is stressed that the building up of a basic corpus of knowledge is very important, and an inventory of identified critics is presented in order to assist this. Some observations on the careers of these critics are given. The exhibition reviews published in two contrasting periodicals, the Sun and The Examiner, form the subjects of case studies. The latter are known to have been penned by Robert Hunt and present no problems of attribution. The former are ascribed to John Taylor and the supporting evidence is put forward. The reviews are compared and it is shown how they differed according to their published contexts, and according to the idiosyncracies of their authors. It is suggested that in spite of these differences, a shared critical idiom was a strong force which led reviewers to make many similar comments. This idiom and the precedents which determined its nature are examined. The ways in which it at once harboured and yet disguised certain ideologies are demonstrated. Evidence which helps to place reviews into a more rounded picture of the past is given in conclusion, including statements which show that contemporaries perceived the press as an important influence on the development of taste.

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Koylu, Hilal. "Press Ethics And Practice Of Journalism In Turkey:." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607793/index.pdf.

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This thesis examines the practice of the profession of journalism in Turkey and whether the fundamental ethical codes and standards of journalism are being honored in the contemporary market-driven media sector. While media owners have consistently used the press as an instrument in the furtherance of their interests, this problem has been aggravated by the recent concentration in media ownership. The perception of readers as &lsquo consumers&rsquo has put a premium on entertainment and sensationalism while jeopardizing basic journalistic values. Forced to practice a type of journalism different to the model which drew them to the profession, many journalists have lost pride in their work along with confidence in the ability of the media to fulfill the public right to information in a democratic society. The thesis begins with an overview of the emergence of the ethical codes and practices of the profession before focusing on the Turkish media and the implementation of the various codes of practice and regulatory procedures which have been developed in Turkey. v The basic issue in media ethics is the morality of those in the sector and the compatibility of journalism and ethics. In order to ascertain if Turkish journalists believe these standards are being maintained, extensive interviews were undertaken with a sample group of a 114 journalists, comprising new and veteran reporters, editors and members of editorial boards. The study confirms that ethical codes and standards are not being followed in the Turkish media because of commercial constraints underlined by increasing concentration in the sector. Keywords: Turkish media, ethics.

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25

Forde, Eamonn. "Music journalists, music press officers and the consumer music press in the UK." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2001. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/94116/music-journalists-music-press-officers-and-the-consumer-music-press-in-the-uk.

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This thesis presents a professional/organisational analysis of popular music journalism in the UK. It considers the conditions under which consumer music magazines are produced (at the level of both the newsroom and the publishing organisation) and how music journalists deal with their main point of informational contact, the press officer. Drawing on original interview and participant observation research, the thesis considers: the economic and bureaucratic forces within magazine publishing organisations; how titles are positioned both individually and collectively as part of portfolio of niched titles; how market forces condition how and why titles are launched, redesigned and folded; and, ultimately, how all these factors impact upon and shape the socio-professional and cultural conditions under which editors and their staff work. The thesis then considers the music press officer (both in-house and independent and their office/departmental hierarchies) in terms of how they exist and operate at the meeting point of three distinct groups: the artists they are employed to represent; the artists' record companies; and the press (and their attempts to reconcile these often divergent needs). Having considered the music press and music journalists in isolation (in terms of power structures as well as their collective and individual goals) and press officers in isolation (in terms of their position within wider music industry promotional strategies and how they build, develop and revise a roster of artists) the thesis then moves on to analyse how these two distinct professional groups (journalists/editors and press officers) work together, how they professionally and organisationally define their goals and objectives and the steps they take to meet these goals and objectives, negotiating quantitatively and qualitatively the coverage of artists. A complex relationship of conditional power and mutual dependency links these two sets of professionals in both their formal activities and their socio-cultural activities. Breaking from previous studies that have described a uni-directional flow of power and influence of press officers over the press, the thesis argues that the relationships that tie these groups together (in terms of gatekeeping within the hierarchy of the newsroom and a tilting balance of power) are much more complex that has previously been assumed.

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Tapsell, Ross. "A history of Australian journalism in Indonesia." School of History and Politics, Faculty of Arts, 2009. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3028.

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This thesis examines the changing professional practice of Australian journalists since they began reporting in Indonesia from 1945. Existing literature on the Australian media in Indonesia has emphasised the problem of biased and troublesome Australian journalists who have deliberately caused bilateral relations disturbances between Australia and Indonesia. It is argued that the existing literature overstates the agency of Australian journalists, and downplays the attitudes and roles of governments and news forces in the shaping of journalists’ professional practice. This thesis will show how Australian journalists and their Indonesian staff have attempted to report what they saw as the ‘truth’ from the archipelago, yet have been subjected to numerous pressures and vii constraints that hinders their professional practice and limits their autonomy. In particular, Indonesian staff working for Australian news agencies have been subjected to numerous pressures from a hierarchical system of newsgathering and from their own government. The Indonesian Government and military have attempted to control the flow of news through often crude and violent tactics to hinder journalists’ professional practice. The Australian Government, which supports the notion of a free press, has also limited Australian journalists’ professional practice in Indonesia. The news system requirement for journalists to seek elite sources and the improvements in communications technology have also hindered the freedoms for Australian journalists as they operate from Indonesia. Thus, it is argued that Australian journalists in Indonesia and their local staff have worked under a range of constraints and have been pressured to serve a variety of competing masters in reporting from the archipelago. Their work has to be understood as a complex artefact crafted in response to this range of insistent and intrusive pressures.

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27

Appelgren, Gougoulakis Alexis, and Vendela Söderberg. "Blodet renner i gatene? : En komparativ studie om medierepresentationen i lokal press och oljekrisens konsekvenser för städerna Stavanger och Aberdeen." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Journalistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35508.

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Detta är en jämförande studie om medierepresentationen av oljekrisen i Stavanger i Norge och Aberdeen i Skottland. I uppsatsens första del undersöker och jämför vi tre nyhetsartiklar från norska lokala tidningar i Stavanger med tre skotska lokala tidningar i Aberdeen genom en kvalitativ textanalys. I uppsatsens andra del lägger vi tyngd på journalisternas uppfattning om krissituationen och använder oss av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med norska och skotska journalister jämför vi hur de resonerar kring val av vinklar, nyheter, källor och hur de upplever sitt yrke och sin arbetsroll i relation till rapporteringen av oljekrisen. I arbetet lyfter vi fram skillnader i framställningen av situationen i Stavanger respektive Aberdeen. Vi använder oss av en etnografisk intervju i vårt tillvägagångssätt när vi träffar journalisterna, för att kunna använda detta som en ingång till historisk bakgrund för effekterna av oljekrisen och påverkan på städerna. En utgångspunkt för uppsatsen är att undvika att bedöma huruvida det rör sig om en kris eller inte och istället fokusera på gestaltningen i de valda medierna och journalisternas upplevelser av sitt arbete. Resultatet av vår studie visar att det finns nationella samband med hur journalisterna uppfattar oljekrisen. De norska journalisterna mörkar i högre utsträckning att det pågått en omfattande oljekris i Stavanger, medan de skotska journalisterna talar mer öppet om en kris. Vi kan genom denna studie konstatera att det återfinns skillnader i hur den lokala rapporteringen för oljekris sker, samt hur gestaltningen av oljekrisens konsekvenser ser ut i artiklarna som vi har valt att analysera.

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28

Rosenkranz, Rolf J. "Perceptions of journalistic freedom, and the factors that influence them : a case study of journalists at the Star, South Africa /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426101.

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Wauters, Eric. "Une presse de province pendant la Révolution française journaux et journalistes normands (1785-1800) /." Paris : Ed. du C.T.H.S, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/28575280.html.

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Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Rouen, 1990. At head of title: Ministère de l'Education nationale et de la culture. Commission d'histoire de la Révolution française. Includes bibliographical references (p. [441]-474).

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30

Schudson, Michael. "Origins of the ideal of objectivity in the professions : studies in the history of American journalism and American law, 1830-1940 /." New York ; London : Garland, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35524771r.

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31

Whelan, Maudie Carleton University Dissertation Journalism. "Journalism in Newfoundland: a beginning history." Ottawa, 1993.

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Chaussée, Frédéric. "Les changements des pratiques journalistiques au Québec à travers l'étude des titres et amorces, La Presse, 1945 et 1995." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25288.pdf.

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33

Barker, Hannah Jane. "Press, politics and reform: 1779-1785." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239354.

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Wootton, Susan J. "Controversy and the Community Press in Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292166.

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Geoffroy, William. "Advocacy vs. Objectivity in the Outdoor Press." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292202.

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Laughlin, Cindy. "Freedom of Expression and the College Press." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292229.

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37

Backlund, Benjamin. "“The government is watching – don’t step on their toes” : An investigation of the press freedom and the working conditions for journalists in Tanzania." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-158136.

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According to reports from Reporters sans frontiers and Freedom House, the freedom of the press has declined during the recent years in the sub-Saharan country Tanzania. Using the human rights reports as an entry point, this study set out to investigate the working conditions for journalists in the capital de facto of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam. An important aim was to dig deeper and show the local and culturally specific conditions. The study supports that the press freedom, as well as the working conditions have declined during the last years for the journalists in Dar es Salaam. However, the study also shows that the new laws and government measures, described by the human rights reports as reducing the press freedom, is not considered by every journalist to be negative. The challenges differ among the corps of journalists, as their values of journalism differs. The greatest denominator among the informants was the high-degree of journalistic interventionism, directed at helping the society. In some cases, this took form as a practice of development journalism. The strong connections to the local community, the country and the religious affiliations are thought to contribute to these values. For journalists in private media, the press freedom was found to be the most acute problem, while for journalists in state-owned media it was economic issues. The press freedom was connected to the perceived job autonomy, and senior journalists and journalists working for international media were found to be more autonomous. Self-censorship was used by many in the private media sector as a tool to avoid both bureaucratic harassment from government, as well as violent repercussions. The main challenges included new restricting laws, economic issues which lead to the practice of brown envelopes, the parliament being located in Dodoma, gender-issues, scared sources and the advancement of social media. Theories and earlier research evolving from the values of journalism and journalism in Africa were used as tools to understand and compare with. The results are based on fieldwork conducted during a period of two months in the beginning of 2019, with qualitative interviews held with journalists in the city of Dar es Salaam.

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Tailleur, Louis Jean-Pierre. "Norman Mailer : journaliste-écrivain ou écrivain-journaliste ?" Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30067.

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Norman mailer est tour a tour ecrivain et journaliste. Un journaliste unique : il ne se limite pas au reportage traditionnel. Il aime suggerer, rechercher la verite, en utilisant un style tres direct. Il presente une vision interieure des etres qui peuplent son recit. Il cree une relation privilegiee entre lui, personnage-narrateur et l'evenement. Il se libere de ses obligations de creer un travail objectif. Il prefere creer des ouvrages qui sont autant des romans que de l'histoire. L'ecrivain est passe du stade de l'"enfant terrible" de ses debuts a "papa mailer", l'admirateur d'hemingway ; il s'est ainsi passionne pour les activites viriles, le football et la boxe. Les annees ont passe, le tigre a ete apprivoise ; il est devenu plus lucide, moins contestataire. Mailer possede une personnalite peu ordinaire : le verbe volontiers incisif, il est nombriliste, egocentrique, narcissique, provocateur, pretentieux, fougueux, impertinent, vulgaire, ambitieux ou modeste. Artiste, homme politique, poete, boxeur, acteur, metteur en scene, l'ecrivain est tres eclectique. Il est aussi neo-journaliste de nouvelle non-fiction. . Dote d'une imagination debordante et d'une perspicacite etonnante Norman mailer's literary career is unmatched. His journalistic writings are original. He does not limit his reportage to sheer facts. In sharp contrast with traditional journalists he likes to suggest, to give his own opinion, to be "hip", to speak direstly to the reader and to rewrite events in order to mould history. His nonfiction novels are all but objective. There has been an evolution in the writer's life : from the one-time "enfant terrible" -critical of the status quo- to the passionate lover of boxing, football, baseball and bullfighting to the mature writer of later works. Norman mailer has become a living legend, a theoretician of his own work, an artist, a politician, a poet, a boxer, an actor, a stage-director. . . . At last, norman mailer can be considered -at least for his nonfiction novels- as a new journalist of new non-fiction, endowed with a powerful imagination, journalistic flair, a deep insight. He has succeeded in creating a style of his own and a voice powerful enough to bring a fresh vision to the american nation

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39

Lee, Sonja. "Press Reflections From 1976 to 1983: Public Opinion of the American Press as Reflected in Motion Pictures of the Period." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292232.

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40

Manning, Paul. "Trade unions, news media strategies and newspaper journalists." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14543.

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41

Perkins, Katherine C. "Jill Jackson: Pioneering in the Press Box." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2267.

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Jill Jackson was one of the first female sports journalists and a pioneer voice for women in athletics. Although heretofore overlooked in the history of American sports journalism, the story of her career is an addition not only to the historiography of female sports journalists but also to the broader study of women in the mid-twentieth century. Jackson was admired, a hard worker, from a prominent New Orleans family, and well educated, yet she still was treated unequally in her primary workspace—the press box. Jackson left well-documented story to the Nadine Vorhoff Library and Special Collections at Newcomb College Institute in New Orleans. The collection, comprised of scrapbooks, photographs, letters, and newspaper articles, reveal the struggles and rewards of her impressive career.

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42

Alawad, Abd Elkarim. "Histoire de la presse arabe en ligne en comparaison avec la presse européenne numérique." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0074.

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Cette étude traite une question de grande importance en jetant la lumière sur la presse électronique arabe et fait la comparaison avec la presse digitale européenne et américaine, à travers la connaissance du phénomène de la presse électronique, ses caractéristiques, ses aspects négatifs et la situation des journalistes et leurs syndicats, leur engagement dans la déontologie professionnelle à travers leur travail dans la presse électronique.L'étude traite la faiblesse de la presse électronique arabe, son incapacité à faire la concurrence avec les journaux digitaux européens et américains. Elle jette la lumière sur les raisons de cette faiblesse, les aspects négatifs de la presse électronique arabe à cause de la faiblesse des réseaux de l'Internet et la faiblesse de ses utilisateurs dans le monde arabe, à cause de la domination des régimes arabes qui considèrent la presse électronique comme ennemie de sa domination sur la liberté de l'expression This study deals with an issue of great importance in shedding light on Arabic electronic media and makes the comparison with European and American digital press, through the knowledge of the phenomenon of electronic media, its features, its negative aspects and the situation of Journalists and their unions, their commitment to professional ethics through their work in the electronic media.The study discusses the weaknesses of the Arab electronic media, its inability to compete with European and American digital newspapers.It sheds light on the reasons for these weaknesses, the negative aspects of Arab electronic media because of the weakness of the Internet networks and the few number of its users in the Arab world because of the domination of Arab regimes consider electronic media as an enemy of its rule on freedom of expression

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43

Winship, Thomas. "A Plea for Literary Journalism." School of Journalism, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/583004.

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44

Couto, Mariana Gomes do. "Jornais gratuitos: entre o fenómeno e o preconceito." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/1379.

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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Comunicação. Há quase dez anos atrás, o Destak implementou em Portugal um novo modelo de produzir notícias: mais curtas e ajustadas aos actuais diminutos tempos de consumo de jornais. Num quotidiano contemporâneo cada vez mais acelerado e instável, os gratuitos vieram agraciar os tempos mortos no percurso casa – trabalho e/ou vice-versa, oferecendo o essencial da actualidade nacional e internacional. De formato mais pequeno e rápida leitura, são distribuidos nas horas mortas, no trânsito, nos transportes públicos, nas universidades, captando cada vez mais leitores de todas as idades, sendo o seu alvo preferencial a população activa. O acesso cada vez mais fácil à informação, transformou-os, na última década, num fenómeno tão inovador quanto constrangedor para a imprensa tradicional paga. O presente trabalho consiste na apresentação da análise de contéudo dos quatro diários gratuitos (Destak, Global Notícias, Meia Hora e Metro) nos meses de Abril e Maio de 2008. Foi intenção da autora demonstrar como o fenómeno, que atingiu os últimos dez anos da imprensa escrita europeia, se apresenta como uma “janela aberta” para a imprensa tradicional paga, contribuindo para o aumento do indíce de leitura, com a criação de uma nova geração de leitores. Também que, embora, sustentados pela publicidade possuem conteúdos jornalísticos de qualidade, não merecendo a desconfiança e o preconceito demonstrados pelos jornais de referência. Por fim, constatou-se que embora pertencentes ao mesmo tipo de jornalismo – gratuito – estas quatro publicações são diferentes entre si. Nearly ten years ago, Destak implemented in Portugal a new way of presenting news: smaller and better adjusted to the short consumption time of the newspapers. In a more accelerated and unstable day to day life, the free newspapers have given new life to the daily commute offering the essential national and international news. In a smaller format and a quick read, they are distributed during lost time, in traffic, public transportation, universities, reaching more and more readers of all ages, being the active populations their target. The easier access to information has transformed them in the last decade, into an innovative phenomenon that troubles the traditional payed press. This paper analysis the contents of the four daily free newspapers (Destak, Global Notícias, Meia Hora and Metro) during the months of April and May of 2008. It was the intention of the author to demonstrate how the phenomenon, that has grasped the last ten years of the written european press, presents itself as an open window to the traditional payed press, contributing to the raise in percentage of readers, creating a new generation of readers. Also that, although they are sustained by publicity that their journalistic contents have quality, not deserving the suspicion and prejudice demonstrated by the newspapers of reference. Finally, it was noted that even though they belong to the same type of journalism – free journalism – these four publications are different amongst themselves. Il y a presque dix ans, le Destak a introduit au Portugal un nouveau système de production de nouvelles. Celles-ci sont plus courtes et plus adaptées au peu de temps qu’on consacre actuellement à la lecture des journaux. La vie quotidienne devient de plus en plus accélérée et instable, donc, les journaux gratuits offrent à tous ceux qui veulent les prendre l’essentiel de l’actualité nationale et internationale. Un autre avantage c’est que le lecteur peut les lires dans les brièves minutes d’un voyage entre la maison et le boulot. Étant donné que la nouvelle est plus courte et la lecture plus rapide, ces journaux attirent un public très diversifié. Ils sont distribués dans la rue, les transports publics, les universités et d’autres institutions. Mais derrière cette apparente démocratisation de l’information, ces journaux ont dans la population active leur point de mire. Par contre, on ne peut pas oublier que ce phénomène si innovateur a apporté à la presse traditionnelle payante, des problèmes auxquels elle doit faire face. Le but de ce travail c’est présenter une analyse du contenu de quatre de ces quotidiens (Destak, Global Notícias, Meia-hora et Metro), publiés aux mois d’avril et mai, 2008. Il est évident qu’ils ont beaucoup en commun, mais on doit détacher les différences. L’auteur prétend démontrer que le bouleversement subi par le presse écrite européenne dont la cause c’est, parmi d’autres, le phénomène des gratuits peut être «une fenêtre ouverte» pour la presse traditionnelle. S’il est vrai que les gratuits continuent à gagner plus de lecteurs, on peut déduire que si l’indice de lecture est en train d’augmenter, une nouvelle génération de lecteurs va émerger dans le futur. Par conséquent, la cohabitation du traditionnel et de ci qui est nouveau pourra être envisagé d’une façon positive, car les gratuits sont de grands véhicules de la publicité et bien que les nouvelles y publiés soient considérées bonnes, elles sont trop résumées, pas variées ou spécialisées. En concluant, l n’y a pas de raison pour que les journaux de référence se méfient ou aient des préjugés à propos de cette nouvelle façon de faire du journalisme.

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45

Poirson, Christophe. "La déontologie des journalistes." Dijon, 2000. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/de3224de-fe7a-47e3-821f-d4c3676cac45.

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Fausses informations, atteintes à la vie privée ou à la présomption d'innocence, sensationnalisme, course à l'audience. . . Depuis une dizaine d'années, de la guerre du golfe à l'intervention de l'OTAN au Kosovo, en passant par le suicide de Pierre Bérégovoy ou l'affaire Clinton-Lewinski, une série d'évènements a suscité des interrogations sur le rôle et le fonctionnement de la presse. Régulièrement, les journalistes se voient ainsi reprocher des manquements à leur déontologie. En réalité, ce débat n'est pas nouveau. Mais, avec le développement des moyens de communication et le poids grandissant des medias dans la vie quotidienne, il prend de l'ampleur. Il existe bien des codes et des chartes déontologiques qui fixent un certain nombre de droits et de devoirs pour les journalistes. Mais cette déontologie n'est pas contrôlée et sanctionnée comme celle des médecins ou des avocats. Pourquoi ? Parce que la profession de journaliste présente des spécificités qui s'opposent à de telles pratiques. La déontologie des journalistes est donc avant tout une question de responsabilité : responsabilité de chaque journaliste, mais aussi de chaque rédaction. Pour que cette responsabilité soit pleine et entière, il faut aussi que le public ait son mot à dire.

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46

Van, Den Dungen Pierre. "Milieux de presse et journalistes en Belgique au XIXe siècle (1828-1914): des origines de l'Etat constitutionnel bourgeois aux débuts de la démocratie de masse." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211230.

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Lane, Katie. "Living for the city : Drum magazine's journalism and the popular black press." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8169.

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Includes bibliographical references. This study examines Drum magazine's journalism from 951 to 1959. Many studies have primarily examined Drum and its role as a vehicle for the "Sophiatown generation" of fiction in the 1950s but this study instead concentrates on Drum's non-fiction reporting. It looks at both Drum's role in the birth of the popular black press and the magazine's complex conceptions of urban life. It argues that Drum's non-fiction promoted a cosmopolitan identity for its urban readers, in direct opposition to the efforts by the apartheid government to "retribralise" black urban residents, but also reflected anxieties about the urban experience. Drum was also one of the first non-partisan black publications to make political news accessible to a mass audience and the study argues that Drum's coverage of black politics has been overlooked and sometimes underestimated.

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Maheshwari, Swati. "Indian journalism and the ruling elite : a case of contingent heteronomy." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/675.

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The central question in this thesis is what are the interrelationships between the news media and those at the center of power and how do these shape the role the media play in democratic processes, particularly since neoliberal reforms in 1991. More specifically, this research attempts to illuminate journalistic practice and the factors that influence it, at the intersection of political and economic interests in what is often described as a crony capitalist polity (Kohli, 2007; Varshney, 2000). This has been done by examining three case studies that represented the interests of those at the center of power and the growing collusion between the state and private capital that has been a mark of the polity's neoliberal turn (Chandrashekhar, 2014). Each of these - the Nira Radia conversations that exposed the nexus between private capital and the state, the news media's coverage of the political elite, mainly the Gandhi family and the leader of the Hindu majoritarian political party Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Narendra Modi, and lastly, the media's coverage of India's richest business house Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) and its owner Mukesh Ambani - was marked by extensive self-censorship by the national mainstream news media. The theoretical architecture underpinning this project draws on three major approaches - political economy, field theory and new institutional theory provides a framework sufficiently sensitive to the range of pressures and influences journalism is subject to. This research draws on forty semi-structured, in-depth interviews with forty journalists and editors who were directly involved in the editorial processes of each of these news stories. The salient finding of this project is that the field of journalism has been subject to regular incursions from the field of power, particularly when political and economic interests are aligned, such that the field of journalism collapses in the field of power resulting in the need to reassess Bourdieu's claim that fields, however heteronomous, possess a degree of autonomy. This research finds that journalism is not merely embedded in the field of power, it plays a more pernicious role after economic liberalization. It becomes an active participant in negotiating and consolidating the dominant coalition of economic and political interests on which the polity rests. In other words, it is recruited by the field of power in institutionalizing crony capitalism. However, the self-censorship could not be sustained and unraveled, albeit briefly, in each of these cases. Contradictions between the macro forces induced by the consolidation of democracy, dissensus within the elite and constitutional limits circumscribing power are some of the variables that allow for interstices of journalistic autonomy. Thus, new institutionalism's insistence on retaining the political elided by both political economy and field theory, is valuable. Lastly, this research foregrounds the role played by journalistic agency in upholding the democratic mission of journalism.

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Burrows, Simon. "French exile journalism and European politics, 1792-1814 /." Woodbridge (GB) : the Royal historical society : the Boydell press, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb377203254.

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Sung, Liching. "The Renaissance of Chinese-American Press in the 1980's." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292142.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Press journalist'

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