Academic literature on the topic 'Presse – Cameroun – 1990-'
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Journal articles on the topic "Presse – Cameroun – 1990-"
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Djiondo Ngongang, Rinelle, Lucie Angennes Djiotang Tchotchou, Boniface Elvis Ossombo, Brice Baudouin Sandjeu Wandjie, and André Lenouo. "Analyse météorologique de l'évolution temporelle du risque d'inondation à Douala (Cameroun)." La Météorologie, no. 113 (2021): 047. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2021-0044.
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Cet article analyse l'évolution des inondations dans la ville de Douala à partir des méthodes permettant de calculer une valeur de débit maximum à l'aide des données météorologiques sur une période de 35 ans (1985-2019). Une base de données sur les inondations créée à l'aide d'informations issues de la presse montre que Douala est fréquemment inondée durant la saison des pluies par des systèmes précipitants en V associés à la mousson. On observe ainsi une augmentation du nombre d'inondations rapportées depuis les années 2010, qui semble corrélée avec l'évolution de l'emprise urbaine de la ville. Les zones urbaines inondées de façon récurrente sont le plus souvent les quartiers « informels » construits directement en zones inondables et dont l'accroissement est important depuis les années 1990. L'étude des inondations du 2 et 3 août 2000 à Douala indique qu'on avait une situation synoptique propice à de fortes précipitations. On peut par l'exemple noter que l'humidité relative était presque de 99 %, ce qui implique que l'air est saturé en eau avec une chute de température. L'intérêt de cette étude est de réduire la vulnérabilité en intégrant les populations et les décideurs au coeur des stratégies de développement et de gestion urbaine des risques liés aux aléas climatiques. This article analyzes the temporal evolution of flooding in the urban area of Douala using methods allowing to compute a maximum flow value using meteorological data over a period of 35 years (1985-2019). A flood database is created using information from the press showing that Douala is frequently flooded during the rainy season by V-shaped precipitating systems associated to the monsoon. We can thus observe an increase in the number of floods reported since the 2010s, which seems to be correlated with the evolution of the city's urban footprint. The recurrently flooded urban areas are most often informal neighbourhoods built directly in flood-prone areas and whose increase has been significant since the 1990s. The case study of the floods of August 2 and 3, 2000 in Douala indicates that there was a synoptic situation conducive to heavy rainfall. On the other hand, relative humidity is almost 99 % which requires the air to be saturated with water with a drop in temperature, which will cause a change of state. The purpose of this study is to reduce vulnerability by integrating populations and decision-makers at the heart of development strategies and urban risk management related to climatic hazards.
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Anafak, Japhet A. "Le mouvement nationaliste au Cameroun sous tutelle française relaté par la presse écrite de France (1945-1960)." Présence Africaine 187-188, no. 1 (2013): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/presa.187.0291.
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Kaméni, Anselme, H. Imele, F. Rubby, and T. D. Djoko. "Evaluation du lait de chèvre produit dans les Hauts Plateaux du Cameroun pour la fabrication de fromages." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 51, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9630.
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Le lait de chèvre produit par un troupeau de chèvres laitières à la Station de recherches zootechnique et vétérinaire de Mankon (IRZV) au Cameroun a été évalué pour son utilisation dans la fabrication de fromages. Ce troupeau comprenait des chèvres de race Toggenberg, Saanen et Nubienne. Les analyses chimiques ont montré que le lait produit en saison des pluies (avril-octobre) avait un taux de matières grasses compris entre 27 et 44 g/l, un taux de protéine entre 29 et 39 g/l et un taux de matière sèche entre 109 et 12 7 g/l. Le lait a été utilisé avec succès dans la fabrication de fromage frais, de fromage de type fêta et de fromage à pâte pressée. Le taux moyen de matières grasses était de 9,8, 19,0 et 24,6 % respectivement pour le fromage frais, le fromage de type feta et le fromage à pâle pressée. Le taux de matière sèche était de 42,2 % pour le fromage frais, de 50,0 % pour le fromage de type feta et de 56,8 % pour le fromage à pâte pressée.
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Peeters, Stefanie. "“The suburbs are exploding”." Framing 24 (December 10, 2010): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.24.05pee.
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Ever since Lakoff and Johnson (1980) introduced their Conceptual Metaphor Theory, metaphors have been seen as important ‘framing devices’: as metaphor involves constructing one conceptual domain in terms of another, the choice of the latter (or source domain) affects how the former (or target domain) is represented. Based on a corpus of French written press reporting, this article will, on the one hand, show that the notion of ‘framing’ is, in line with the findings of Conceptual Metaphor Theory, useful for analysing metaphors as well as for indicating their constructive force. On the other hand, however, this article will defend the idea that an analysis of metaphors in terms of frames does not always suffice and needs to be complemented. Following a recent strand in metaphor studies that shows an increasing awareness of the importance of studying metaphors as linguistic and discursive phenomena (cf. Cameron, 2003; Semino, 2008), we will claim that a more co-text-oriented metaphor approach has to be adopted to account for the nuances and evaluative associations metaphors are able to convey.
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Warnier, Jean-Pierre. "Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon. By Mark W. DeLancey and H. Mbella Mokeba. Metuchen, N.J. and London: Scarecrow Press, 1990. Pp. xxii+297. £28.15." Journal of African History 34, no. 1 (March 1993): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700033284.
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Birn, Donald S. "D. Cameron Watt. Succeeding John Bull: America in Britain's Place 1900-1975. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1984. Pp. xii, 302. $34.50." Albion 17, no. 1 (1985): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4049372.
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McKinney, Caitlin. "Toward a Queer Canadian ArchiveDuder, Cameron. 2010. Awfully Devoted Women: Lesbian Lives in Canada, 190065. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press." TOPIA: Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies 26 (November 2011): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/topia.26.208.
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Шитиков, Владимир Кириллович, Татьяна Дмитриевна Зинченко, and Лариса Владимировна Головатюк. "МОДЕЛИ МАКСИМАЛЬНОЙ ЭНТРОПИИ И ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ВИДОВ ДОННЫХ СООБЩЕСТВ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ СРЕДНЕГО И НИЖНЕГО ПОВОЛЖЬЯ." Российский журнал прикладной экологии, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/2411-7374.2021.2.10.16.
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Представлены результаты применения метода максимальной энтропии (MaxEnt) для моделирования пространственного распределения видов макрозообентоса на территории Среднего и Нижнего Поволжья. Использовались данные гидробиологического мониторинга многолетних (1990-2019 гг.) исследований донных сообществ в 108 средних и малых реках. В качестве независимых переменных, отражающих условия среды, построенные модели включали климатические и ландшафтные показатели растрового типа, загружаемые с сервера WorldClim (средние температуры, количество осадков, высота и вертикальная расчлененность рельефа). Приводятся результаты тестирования качества и прогнозирующей силы моделей, а также статистические показатели относительной важности каждого из использованных абиотических факторов. Обсуждаются проблемы использования различных алгоритмов построения моделей пространственного распределения видов применительно к данным гидробиологических наблюдений пресноводных лотических экосистем.
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Idris, Syafrizal, Muhammad Syukri, Muhammad Syukri Surbakti, Marwan ., Muchlis ., Ibnu Rusydy, and Nurul Aflah. "ANALYSIS OF SHALLOW SUBSURFACE STRUCTURE AT GEOTHERMAL AREA OF IE JUE USING RESISTIVITY METHOD." Jurnal Natural 18, no. 1 (February 3, 2018): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jn.v18i1.9676.
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It has been conducted a geo-electrical resistivity survey at geothermal area of Ie Jue, Aceh Besar. The survey aims to measure resistivity value in the area. It is expected that the values of resistivity will image the subsurface structure in the area. In addition geological features in the area are shown after we process it. The data acquisition in this study was acquired using a SuperSting R8/IP resistivitymeter and its data processing using EarthImager 2D software to get the image of resistivity pseudosection. The two lines of measurement crossed the surface geothermal manifestation. Each line has 330 m in length, and 56 electrodes with electrode space of 6 m. The result of resistivity pseudosection model interpreted based on geological condition and observation in the area. Resistivity pseudosection model shows the study is water-saturated (<64.0 Ωm) to a depth of ±65 m and a highly conductive zone (0.6-3.5 Ωm) with a thickness of 30-50 m. This conductive layers below the embodied surface at a distance of 158-160 m on the IJ-Y1 line and at a range of 130-185 m on the IJ-Y2 line. This conductive zone is indicated as a weak zone where geothermal fluids are transported to the surface.Keywords: Geothermal, Ie Jue, geo-electrical resistivity survey, resistivityREFERENCES Bennet, J.D., Bridge, D.McC., Cameron, N.., Djunuddin, A., Ghazali, S.A., Jeffrey, D.H., Kartawa, W., Rock, M.N.S., Thomson, S.J., Whandoyo, R., 1981. PetaGeologiLembar Banda Aceh, Sumatera, Puslitbang Geologi. Bandung.Syukri, M., Saad, R., Nordiana, M., & Azwin, I. 2014. Preliminary Study of Sumatera Fault Using 2-D Resistivity Imaging Method. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 19.Knödel, K., Lange, G., & Voigt, H.J., 2007. Environmental geology: Handbook of field methods and case studies: Springer Science & Business Media.Telford, W. M., Geldart, L. P., Sheriff, R. E. 1990. Applied Geophysics Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, USAMarwan, M., Rusydy, I., Nugraha, G.S. and Asrillah, A., 2014. Study of Seulawah Agam’s Geothermal Source Using Gravity Method. Jurnal Natural, 14(2)Asrillah, A., Marwan, M., Rusydy, I. and Nugraha, G.S., 2014. Application of Magnetics Method to Mapping the Geothermal Source at Seulawah Agam Area. Jurnal Natural, 14(2).Ismail, N.,Ramadhan, S., 2013. Karakterisasi Struktur Dangkal pada Lapangan Panas Bumi Seulawah Agam Menggunakan Metode Very Low Frequency (VLF). Prosiding Semirata FMIPA Universitas Lampung. Lampung, Indonesia.
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Bell, Ian F. A. "Alfred Habegger, Henry James and the “Woman Business” (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, £27.50). Pp. 288. ISBN 0 521 36635 6. - Sharon Cameron, Thinking in Henry James (Chicago & London: Chicago University Press, 1989, £23.95). Pp. 200. ISBN 0 226 09230 5." Journal of American Studies 25, no. 2 (August 1991): 307–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875800024117.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Presse – Cameroun – 1990-"
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Moucketou-Moucketou, Olivier. "L'information internationale dans la presse francophone d'Afrique : Gabon-Cameroun, 1990-1996 : essai de comprehension des messages des agences." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30063.
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Entamee en 1993 et soutenue le 12 decembre 97 a bordeaux, cette these se propose d'analyser le traitement des informations internationales dans la presse francophone d'afrique. Deux pays ont ete cibles par l'auteur : le gabon et le cameroun. Pour concretiser ce travail l'auteur a regroupe un echantillon de six journaux representatifs de l'espace mediatique gabonais (l'union, la relance, la cle, gabon libre) et camerounais (cameroon tribune et le messager). L'etude des conditions de production de la presse dans la premiere partie montre que les professionnels gabonais et camerounais des medias travaillent dans un univers difficile (medias publics) et parfois miserable (medias prives). L'analyse du contenu des journaux faite dans la deuxieme partie revele une nette abondance de l'actualite nationale par rapport aux informations internationales. La pauvrete du contenu au plan internationale peut etre liee a trois facteurs : la ligne editoriale de certains journaux privilegiant d'abord la couverture de l'actualite nationale, l'analphabetisme de la majorite des populations qui reduit ainsi le nombre des lecteurs et l'etroitesse du champ des agences de presse internationales qui se discutent le marche africain. Dans la concurrence qu'elles se livrent au niveau international, les agences de presse mondiales ont chacune une zone d'influence quasi inviolable en afrique. L'afp regne en maitre dans la couverture de l'actualite des pays francophones, tandis que reuter s'illustre dans les etats anglophones. Une situation de monopole qui empeche souvent les agences nationales de signer de nouveaux accords d'abonnements avec d'autres agences de presse internationales. Avant de suggerer quelques pistes susceptibles d'ameliorer le produit de la presse ecrite gabonaise et camerounaise, l'auteur attire l'attention sur l'importance du role des intellectuels africains dans l'aboutissement d'un certain nombre d'objectifs. Il interpelle par ailleurs les intellectuels occidentaux qui, selon lui, se presentent comme les meilleurs interlocuteurs pour l'afrique de demainThe author of this thesis, who started his work in 1993 and attended his viva on december 12th 1997, intends to analyse the treatment of international news in the french-speaking press of africa. His research focuses on two countries, gabon and cameroon. In order to carry out such a task, the author made up a sample with six newspapers representative of the media in both countries : (l'union, la relance, la cle, gabon libre) for gabon ; (cameroon tribune and le messager) for cameroon. The first part deals with the conditions of production. This study proves that people, in the gabonese and the cameroonian press industry, work in a hard universe (as far as the public media are concerned), and even sometimes in miserable conditions (as far as the private media are concerned). The second part, whit analyses the content of newspapers, reveals a sharp abundance of national news compared to international. Such a lack of international content can be connected to three factors : first, some newspapers consider coverage of national events to be the most important thing; second, most people are illiterate, which reduces the number of readers ; third, the national press agencies haven't got room for manoeuvre because of the monopoly of both france-press agency and reuter. Each of those news agencies competes with each other at the international level and has a near impregnable sphere of influence in africa ; the fpa rules over news reporting of french-speaking countries, whereas reuter takes charge of english-speaking countries. This monopolistic situation often prevents national news agencies from signing new contracts of subscription with other international news agencies. Before making suggestions that might improve the results of both gabonese and cameroonian papers, the author stresses the importance of the role of african intellectuels in order to reach many objectives. Besides, he appeals to western intellectuals who seem to him to be the most reliable partners for tomorrow's africa
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Madiba, Oloko Georges. "Médias, médiations et constitution d'un espace public : une analyse socio-sémiotique des stratégies discursives des acteurs de la société civile au Cameroun (1992-2000)." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030013.
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Les stratégies de communication déployées par les divers groupes participant au débat public (à travers les médias) ont permis dans un premier temps d'esquisser les figures de l'opinion publique et de la société civile camerounaises. Ce travail s'oriente autour de deux questions : L'appropriation des concepts " opinion publique " et " société civile " par les médias nationaux peut-elle faire sens par rapport aux réalités camerounaises ? Par qui sont-il invoqués et pour quels usages ? Dans quelles mesures les journalistes peuvent-ils contribuer à la constitution et à la gestion d'un espace public dont l'opinion publique et la société civile seraient la résultante et la valorisation pour la construction d'une société libérale ? L'analyse de 371 éditoriaux, chroniques, et contributions extérieures de trois journaux camerounais et deux news magazines panafricains entre 1992 et 2000 nous amène à la conclusion selon laquelle :les mutations entamées depuis la décennie 1990 ont entraîné le passage d'une " société de Cour " à une " société civile ", considérée comme un substitut des défaillances étatiques. Son invocation comme acteur central du jeu politique par les médias est le gage de sa réalité sociologique ainsi que celle de l'opinion publique. En définitive, par une convocation métaphorique, par une figurativation, par personnification de la société civile et de l'opinion publique et enfin par une double présentification du public dans le champ social, le discours médiatique contribue à la constitution d'un espace public de débat. Cet espace en construction et en mouvement se superpose sur les autres champs sociauxThe Communications strategies of several categories of actors contributing to the public debate ( through the media ) help fashion the figures concerning Cameroonian public opinion and civil society. This thesis explores two issues : What are the meanings of the concepts of " public opinion" and "civil society", in relation to the Cameroonian society ? Who use these concepts and to what ends? How can journalists contribute to the creation and management of a public sphere and will the result be the establishment of a liberal society ? The analysis of 371 editorials, columns, and contributions in three Cameroon newspapers and two Panafrican news magazines between 1992 and 2000 led us to the following conclusion : the changes which started in the 1990's, concern the transition from a " court society" to a "civil society". This is considered as a substitute for the deficiencies of the state. The media invoke "civil society" as the main actor in politics- this exemplifies both its sociological reality and that of public opinion. In conclusion, by a metaphorical convocation, a "figurativation", a personification of the civil society and public opinion, and finally by a double " presentification" of the public in the social field, media discourse favours the creation of a public sphere. This sphere, itself subsumes and inter-relates with other societal configurations
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Biyele, François. "États et logiques médiatiques en Afrique subsaharienne : la presse panafricaine face à la démocratie au Benin, au Congo, au Cameroun et en Côte d'Ivoire au cours de la décennie 1990." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030044.
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A partir d'un corpus hétérogène par sa thématique et sa périodicité, nous avons effectué une analyse de contenu et du discours de Jeune Afrique et du Nouvel Afrique Asie portant sur les titres des articles à la "Une" que ces deux journaux ont consacré au Bénin, au Congo, au Cameroun et à la Côte d'Ivoire au cours de la décennie 1990 pour déterminer l'évolution du processus démocratique engagé dans ces pays au début de cette décennie. Nous partons de l'hypothèse suivante : comme lors des indépendances acquises en 1960, les dirigeants des quatre pays semblent s'être appropriés le renouveau démocratique que ces pays ont connu au début de la décennie 1990. Nous nous interrogeons sur le rôle de la presse panafricaine notamment de Jeune Afrique et du Nouvel Afrique Asie, sur ce processus. Dans la première partie, nous retraçons brièvement l'histoire des quatre pays depuis les indépendances jusqu'à la fin des années 80. Dans la deuxième partie, nous restituons les faits exogènes et endogènes qui ont amené les quatre pays à instaurer la démocratie au détriment du monopartisme. Dans la troisième partie de la thèse, nous procédons à une analyse de contenu des titres à la "Une", où nous pointons le discours des journalistes de Jeune Afrique et du Nouvel Afrique Asie sur les pays de référence. Cette analyse est complétée par le dépouillement d'un nombre limité d'entretien. Cette thèse s'efforce d'identifier les logiques médiatiques à l'œuvre, afin de cerner le rôle que pourrait jouer la presse panafricaine dans un continent où le processus démocratique va s'intensifiantThrough an heterogenous corpus out of his thematic and his periodicity, we worked an analysis of content and discourse of Jeune Afrique and Nouvel Afrique Asie, two panafrican news magazine. This analysis is about the headlines on the front page that these news magazine consecrated to Benin, Congo, Cameroon and Ivory Coastin order to determine the evolution of democratic processus engaged in these countries at the beginning of 1990 decade. We suppose that , like in 1960, the four countries'independnce year, theirs leaders took over themselves the revival democratic that these countries live since the beginning of 1990 decade. We ask ourselves about panafrican press place in this processus. In the first part, we relate briefly the history of these countries since the independences until 80 end's years. In te second part, through national and international facts, we show how these countries choose democraty to the detriment of monolithic system. In the third part of the thesis, we analyze the content of headlines on the front page where we establish the discourse of Jeune Afrique and Nouvel Afrique Asie reporters about the countries of reference. This analysis is completed by the studying of a limited nomber of interview. This thesis try to identify the media logics those exist in order to determine the role panafrican press could play in a continent where democratic processus intensify
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Kay, Nicole. "Les représentations sociales du changement climatique au Cameroun : analyse de presses et analyse comparée chez les agriculteurs en zone équatoriale et en zone soudano-sahélienne." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0045/document.
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Le changement climatique est manifeste et son impact sur l’agriculture est indéniable, surtout dans les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne qui restent les plus vulnérables. Cette étude analyse la représentation sociale du changement climatique chez les agriculteurs au Cameroun. Le cadre théorique est celui de l’approche structurale des représentations sociales. Ainsi, il est question d’examiner l’organisation et la structuration de l’objet changement climatique auprès de ce public spécifique que sont les agriculteurs. Trois enquêtes ont été réalisées à cet effet. La première étude est une enquête exploratoire ; deux groupes d’agriculteurs (N= 60) issus de deux contextes géo-climatiques différents ont été interrogés par le biais du test d’associations libres. On observe que le changement climatique est bel et bien un objet porté en représentation chez les agriculteurs et présente deux noyaux centraux différents articulés autour d’éléments naturels et fonctionnels. La seconde étude a été réalisée quatre ans plus tard auprès de deux groupes d’agriculteurs (N=95), toujours dans les mêmes contextes géo-climatiques. Le test d’associations libres a été complété par le questionnaire de caractérisation. Tout comme la première enquête, on observe également deux représentations sociales différentes du changement climatique. Pour un groupe, l’absence des pluies apparaît plus sailllante et l’avancée du désert plus caractéristique ; tandis que pour l’autre, le changement des saisons semble plus central. La lecture diachronique de l’étude montre des évolutions dans la représentation. La troisième étude s’est intéressée au discours de la presse sur le changement climatique par l’analyse lexicométrique. Trois journaux et quotidiens ont été analysés. On observe une potentielle influence du discours de presse dans le champ représentaionnel. Au-delà de la variable contextuelle qui différencie fortement les deux groupes d’agriculteurs en induisant des représentations sociales différenciées, l’étude montre une représentation sociale décrite essentiellement à travers ses effets, structurée autour des éléments naturels liés à la pratique agricole et qui évolue progressivement. Les résultats sont discutés au regard des caractéristiques climatiques de chaque zone et de l’adaptation au changement climatique par l’adoption de nouvelles pratiques agricolesClimate change is obvious and its impacts on agriculture in undeniable especially in sub-saharan african countries which remain the most vulnerable. This study analyzes the social representation of climate change among farmers in Cameroon. The theoretical framework is the structural approach of social representations. Thus, it was question of examining the organisation and the structuring of the object climate change within the specific public which are the farmers. Three surveys were conducted for this purpose.The first study in an exploratory survey ; three groups of farmers (N=60) were interviewed through the free association test. It is observed that climate change is indeed an object of representation for farmers and has a dual structure with two different core centers that have functional elements.The second study was condutued four years laters within two groups of farmers (N=95) still in the same geo-climatic contexts. The free association test was completed by the characterization questionnaire. As with the first survey, there are also two different social representations of climate change. For one group, the absence of rain appears more salient and the advance of desert mor characteristic ; while for the other, the change of season seems more central. A diachronic reading of the study shows changes in the representation.The third study focused on the press release on climate change through lexicometric analysis. Three newspapers and dailies were analyzed. There is a potential influence of the press discourse in the representation field.Beyond the contextual variable that strongly differentiates the two groups of farmers by inducing differentiated social representations, the study shows a social representation described essentially through its effects, structured around natural elements related to agricultural practice and evolving gradually. The results are discussed in terms of the climatic characteristics of each zone and adaptation to climate change through the adoption of new agricultural practices
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Ndembiyembe, Paul C. "Le Régime juridique des médias au Cameroun presse écrite et radio, 1960-1982." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594326j.
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Ngangum, Peter Tiako. "Press Freedom, Professionalization and Institutionalization of Journalism in Cameroon since the 1990s." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/271055.
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This study focuses on the development of press freedom and professional journalism in Cameroon since the country's transition to democracy in the 1990s. More precisely, it examines how press freedom and professionalism have become formalized through processes of legislation and institutionalization. To realize this, this study uses a broad literature review and documentary analysis to gain an overview of the evolution of press freedom and the professionalization of journalism in Cameroon. It also incorporates survey, in-depth interviews and newsroom observation to gain additional insights into how Cameroonian journalists go about their daily routines and the extent to which they feel free and autonomous to do so, as well as to better understand both the relationship between the roles of individual journalists and the organizational and societal contexts in which they operate. I contend that it is only through blending the survey, interview and newsroom observation that we can have a broader picture of the gap between role perception and performance in journalism.The study draws from the political economy approach to inform its discussions. It argues that journalism is a socially constructed activity within a specific political, economic, legal and regulatory context. It also draws from the sociology of the professions to analyse the professionalization of journalism in Cameroon, the role perception theory to underpin the journalistic role perceptions of Cameroonian journalists and the role perception and performance gap theory to explain and understand the gap between the various roles Cameroonian journalists believe the media should fulfil and the extent to which they perform these roles in daily practice.The hierarchical news environment includes not only reporters but also editors and directors of news publications, whose job involves ensuring that information reaching the public is ethically sound. From within the Cameroonian newsrooms, the role of editors and directors of news publications as gatekeepers, commercial and economic pressures, the interests of owners may undermine the efforts of journalists in performing their roles in actual practice. From outside the news organization, state interference in the media, the use of repressive press laws, sources, advertisers, political elites and the prevalence of gombo may limit the freedom and autonomy of journalists to live up to their ideals. When combined, these factors are likely to create a gap between journalists' ideals and practice.Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie
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Books on the topic "Presse – Cameroun – 1990-"
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Ze, Gervais Mendo. Une décennie de communication sociale au Cameroun (1990-2000): Aspects juridico institutionnels et analyse critique de l'environnement de la presse libre. [Yaoundé, Cameroun: s.n., 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Presse – Cameroun – 1990-"
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Leruth, Michael F. "Aesthetics of Communication." In Fred Forest's Utopia. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036498.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 examines Forest’s work from the 1980s through the mid-1990s, which was characterized by greater emphasis on simulation, symbolism, and the sensory; a more varied “palette” of artistic production ranging from more conventional multimedia installations to ambitious attempts to create temporary alternative channels of networked mass communication; and a series of conceptual experiments in metacommunication as defined in the Aesthetics of Communication movement. Works discussed in Chapter 2 include The Territory of the Square Meter (1980), The Stock Exchange of the Imaginary (1982), Here and Now (1983), Press Conference of Babel (1983), Learn How to Watch TV with Your Radio (1984), In Search of Julia Margaret Cameron (1988), The Electronic Bible and the Gulf War (1991), Telephonic Faucet (1992), and The Watchtowers of Peace (1993). Chapter 2 also discusses Forest’s greater interest in ecological themes, the ramifications of globalization, and more explicitly political subjects (e.g., the collapse of Communist regimes in Eastern Europe, the Gulf War, and the Yugoslav Wars) in the late 80s and early 90s.
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Endong, Floribert Patrick C. "Media Regulation and Freedom of Expression in Black Africa." In Journalism and Ethics, 228–49. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8359-2.ch015.
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Since the 1990s, Black African states have been subjected to endogenous and exogenous political pressures which have compelled them to variously adopt a number of pro-democracy reforms. Though lauded in a number of quarters, these sweeping political reforms have merely been on paper. This is so as, cardinal democracy indexes such as freedom of expression, press freedom, freedom of thought and political pluralism among others, have remained more a myth than a reality in these countries. Using a comparative analysis of the political situation in Cameroon and Nigeria, this chapter argues that press freedom and liberal democracy are still mere ideals, not yet backed by evidential political will in both countries. The same multifaceted abuses of the press still prevail in the two states. This chapter however, underscores the vibrancy and political maturity of the Nigerian press which differentiate it from its counterparts in other African countries, notably in Cameroon.
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"A: Press reports of the Cameron/Lazenby trials 1876-1886." In Clandestine Erotic Fiction in English 1800–1930, 455–59. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315260112-21.
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Coss, Richard G. "Effects of Relaxed Natural Selection on the Evolution of Behavior." In Geographic Variation in Behavior. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195082951.003.0013.
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Theoretical discussion of the role of natural selection in shaping behavioral variation in different habitats has been an integral part of the study of animal behavior since the late 19th century. Herbert Spencer (1888) was among the first to argue that migrating populations that fail to adjust to environmental circumstances “are the first to disappear.” A common rationale for comparing populations or related species is the desire to identify behavioral differences that correspond with habitat properties providing different patterns of selection (Tuomi 1981, Riechert 1993, this volume). Behavioral similarities are often ignored or are treated as less interesting because the thrust of the research program emphasizes behavioral differences as an empirical test of the theory of natural selection. Nevertheless, these similarities can be as revealing of evolutionary process as are differences when they reflect behavioral convergence or slow disintegration of behavior under relaxed selection (Coss and Goldthwaite 1995). When populations invade novel habitats, they not only experience new selective regimes; they can also experience relaxed selection on specific behavioral phenotypes. This is particularly common when the new habitat is missing a class of predators that was abundant in the ancestral habitat (e.g., Curio 1975, Pressley 1981). Under relaxed selection, characters may disintegrate, presumably because mutations that result in loss of the phenotype are not at a selective disadvantage. Disintegration is not always observed, however. Instead, behavioral characters are sometimes retained for long periods of time after selection has been relaxed (Coss 1991b, Kaneshiro 1989). Inferring relaxed selection requires that the history of the contrasted populations be relatively well known. Both ancestral selective regimes and behavioral characters must be known if character polarity is to be established. Character polarity must be established to distinguish disintegration from parallel evolution of novel behavior patterns. This often is a problem in population contrasts because differentiation is usually too recent to have resulted in the evolution of enough derived characters for the use of standard cladistic methods of phylogenetic reconstruction, although recent advances in statistical and molecular techniques are promising (Foster 1994, Foster and Cameron 1996). Instead, inference of character polarity has typically relied on geological evidence and comparison with closely related species.
Reports on the topic "Presse – Cameroun – 1990-"
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Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey—Statistical tables for program planning: Cameroon 1998. Population Council, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy21.1007.
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The Population Council initiated its work on adolescents in the mid-1990s. At that time, those advocating greater attention to adolescent issues were concerned about adolescent fertility—particularly outside of marriage—and adolescent “risk-taking” behavior. As an international scientific organization with its mandate centered around the needs of developing countries, the Council sought a more nuanced and context-specific understanding of the problems confronting adolescents in the developing world. In working with colleagues inside and outside the Council, it became clear that information on adolescents, and the way data are organized, were limiting the ability to understand the diversity of their experiences or to develop programs to address that diversity. In the absence of data, many adolescent policies were implicitly based on the premise that the lives of adolescents in developing countries were like those of adolescents in Western countries. In fact, significant numbers of young people in the West do not fit this description, and even larger groups within the developing countries. The Council created tables to more clearly describe the diversity of the adolescent experience by drawing on Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey data. The tables, presented in this report, are intended to be used as a basis for developing programs.