Relevant bibliographies by topics / Presse et information

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Presse et information'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Presse et information"

1

Parent, Georges-André. "Presse et corps policiers : complicité et conflit." Criminologie 20, no. 1 (2005): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017248ar.

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The literature abounds with studies showing the cultural gap and the hostility that exists between journalists and the police. During the 19th century in the United States, however, a complicity eminently profitable for both was rapidly established between constables and reporters for the first penny newspapers. The confrontations and mass rallies of the 60' s saw the role of journalists change to become no longer the servile and docile distributors of a particular image of crime, the criminal and police work. Journalists suddenly found themselves on the side of the “criminals”, facing the tru
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Young, William R. "Academics and Social Scientists versus the Press: the Policies of the Bureau of Public Information and the Wartime Information Board, 1939 to 1945." Historical Papers 13, no. 1 (2006): 217–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030485ar.

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Résumé Pendant la deuxième guerre mondiale, le gouvernement canadien commence à recourir aux techniques des sciences sociales pour élaborer ses politiques d'information. Ceci n'est pas sans susciter de vives oppositions de la part des gens de la presse qui estiment que, dans un gouvernement élu démocratiquement, toute manipulation de l'information brime la liberté du citoyen puisqu'elle l'empêche de se faire une opinion personnelle de l'événement. Au fait, les années de guerre voient alterner à la tête de l'organisme gouvernemental chargé de l'information publique des hommes représentant tantô
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Crête, Jean. "La presse quotidienne et la campagne électorale de 1981." Notes de recherche 25, no. 1 (2005): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/056073ar.

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La théorie démocratique fait une large place à l'information. Elle veut, en effet, qu'un public bien informé des enjeux et des candidats à une élection soit en meilleure position pour effectuer des décisions rationnelles. De nos jours, le public québécois reçoit sans doute plus d'informations que jamais auparavant et la masse de ces informations lui vient des médias. Cette croissance de la place des médias a eu des répercussions importantes sur l'étude des élections et des processus démocratiques en général. Un des courants les plus vivants d'études en communication et en analyse des politique
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Arnould, Paul, and Antoine Da Lage. ""Pluies acides" et presse forestière française : 1980-1989, une information sans repères ?" Annales de Géographie 102, no. 572 (1993): 397–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/geo.1993.21161.

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Durand, André. "La Conférence de Genève d'août 1864 vue par la presse genevoise." Revue Internationale de la Croix-Rouge 71, no. 778 (1989): 294–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035336100017299.

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La Conférence de Genève d'août 1864 s'était tenue à huis clos. Un dessin paru dans le journal satirique le Carillon de Saint-Gervais témoigne de la réaction des journalistes devant cette décision. On y voit trois personnages, représentant symboliquement trois journaux genevois, le Journal de Genève, La Démocratie suisse et le Carillon de Saint-Gervais, bloqués devant la porte du Congrès international, sur laquelle on lit ces mots: Défense d'entrer. En légende: Tribune ouverte è la Presse, par le Congrès international. C'était là, sans doute, la première expression d'une réserve qui a parfois c
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Bruno, Emmanuel, Jacques Le Maitre, and Elisabeth Murisaco. "Indexation et interrogation de photos de presse décrites en MPEG-7 et stockées dans une base de données XML." Ingénierie des systèmes d'information 7, no. 5-6 (2002): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/isi.7.5-6.169-186.

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Lemonidou, Elli. "Entre information et propagande : la Grèce dans la presse britannique et française pendant la Première Guerre mondiale." Revue LISA / LISA e-journal, Vol. IV - n°3 (September 1, 2006): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lisa.1982.

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Fodjo, Kouakou Kouman. "La surdétermination du sens par l’emploi abusif de l’article défini pluriel dans la presse écrite ivoirienne." Voix Plurielles 10, no. 2 (2013): 393–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/vp.v10i2.873.

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Les règles d’usage de l’article défini n’empêchent pas des dérives dans l’utilisation qu’en font bien des usagers. Le cas de et dans la presse écrite ivoirienne augure d’une stratégie de communication. De fait, l’usage abusif de l’article défini pluriel participe de la construction du sens du fait de la surdétermination par généralisation qui en résulte, du diptyque objectivité/subjectivité. S’il y a un excès dans l’emploi du signe les sur toute signification assignable, c’est parce que le dit de l’écrit de presse est surtout surdéterminé. La surdétermination est le mécanisme même de productio
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Cotte, Dominique. "Epaisseur documentaire et numérisation : le cas des dossiers d'actualité dans la documentation de presse." Document numérique 6, no. 1-2 (2002): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/dn.6.1-2.13-28.

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Savage, Nick. "Review: L'Édition d'architecture à Paris au XIXe siècle: les maisons Bance et Morel et la presse architecturale." Library 6, no. 2 (2005): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/library/6.2.204.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Presse et information"

1

Lux, Julie. "Le journal municipal entre information et manipulation : analyse de discours." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30032.

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Le journal municipal est actuellement le support de presse qui connaît en France le plus fort tirage. Celui-ci s'élève en effet à plus de dix millions d'exemplaires. Il détient la meilleure distribution et le plus grand nombre de titres. La ville communique d'abord grâce au bulletin municipal. Il symbolise un véritable désir d'information municipale et un véritable service public. Il profite des nouvelles technologies, son format et son contenu s'améliorent. Le premier bulletin date des années 70. Le journal municipal constitue réellement un genre à part, un support de presse bien spécifique,
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RENAUD, GUY. "La presse a munich de 1945 a 1949." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR20045.

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La politique de presse menee par les americains dans leur zone occupee en allemagne est partie integrante de leur programme de "reeducation" a la democratie. L'objectif principal etait d'empecher que l'allemagne ne provoque une nouvelle guerre en europe. Cette politique de reeducation a ete preparee des 1944 dans les camps de prisonniers allemands aux usa. Seuls les journalistes qui partageaient les idees americaines en matiere de democratie se sont vu confier des licences. Les allemands de leur cote se sont efforces de preserver une identite nationale grace a la litterature et une reflexion s
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Gardes, Jean-Claude. "L'image de la france dans la presse satirique allemande (1870-1970)." Paris 8, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA080532.

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De 1870 a 1970, a quelques exceptions pres, la france n'a cesse d'etre presente dans la caricature et la satire allemande. Dans l'ensemble, les images de la france transmises par la presse satirique se revelent fort changeantes, collent a l'evenement politique et ne decoulent qu'en de rares occasions d'une analyse detaille de l'essence du caractere francais. Les conceptions politiques influent enormement sur la perception du voisin: les journaux de gauche sont toujours plus francophiles (ou moins francophobes) que les revues de droite. Ces representations stratocentriques positives ou negative
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Feyel, Gilles. "L'Annonce et la nouvelle : la presse d'information et son évolution sous l'Ancien Régime : (1630-1788)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010555.

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[Dans les deux derniers siècles de l'Ancien Régime, s'est progressivement constitué autour de la gazette, un sytème de l'information cohérent. Abandonnant son grand projet du "réglement des pauvres", Renaudot se replie en 1630 sur le "bureau d'adresse", véritable agence d'annonces. Avec la gazette, il rationalise l'information, tout en mettant la nouvelle au service de la propagande de la monarchie. Le "modèle Renaudot" échoue : il n'a pas su établir un "support mixte" juxtaposant la nouvelle et l'annonce. L'annonce exploite alors d'autres médias : les "placards" ou affiches et les "billets" o
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Ardjoun, Samir. "La presse en ligne algérienne et les modalités d’insertion des NTIC dans les organisations de presse en Algérie." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2036.

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Ce travail de recherche cherche à rendre visible les différentes représentations sociotechniques du secteur de la presse en ligne en Algérie. Il examine les modalités d’insertion des nouvelles technologies d’information et de communication dans les entreprises de presse algériennes, ses composantes et ses objectifs attendus. Constitué de trois parties, il alterne des moments théoriques et pratiques répondant à nos besoins de recherches. Notre étude nous a conduit à analyser le processus d’insertion technologique, en s’appuyant sur l’observation participante, les entretiens compréhensifs réalis
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WAKATA, BOLVINE FRANCOIS. "Politique d'information et pratiques journalistiques : les differences de traitement de l'information entre journalistes anglophones et francophones a cameroon tribune." Grenoble 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE39011.

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"le cameroun actuel est le resultat de l'unification de deux communautes issues d'une double colonisation franco-britannique. Le bilinguisme officiel anglais-francais est destine a exprimer sa specificite. Les medias d'etat, et notamment le quotidien officiel cameroon tribune sont construits suivant cette logique dualiste et composes de redactions bilingues. Or, malgre un environnement institutionnel prechant l'univocite, la presse officielle produit un discours polyphonique, parfois contraire aux prescriptions gouvernementales. Ces ecarts sont generalement le fait des anglophones qui se serve
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Hassani, Abdelmjid. "Approche de la vie politique à travers la presse : information et développement politique au Maroc." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10016.

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Voulant savoir si la presse participe positivement au developpement politique au maroc, nous avons cherche a preciser comment la presse rend compte du phenomene politique au maroc. Nous avons d'abord soumis a l'analyse le discours politique de la presse portant sur les donnees structurelles et institutionnelles de la vie politique marocaine. Nous avons cerne ainsi, l'information que realisent les quotidiens sur le pouvoir monarchique, sur ses assises et sur ses competences. Nous avons fait ressortir aussi, l'appreciation que fait la presse sur le jeu politique, sur la place et les roles des in
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Frustier, Pierre. "Un siècle de presse locale : les îles du littoral charentais : 1882-1982." Bordeaux 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR30055.

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L'objet de ce travail est, en premier lieu, de completer l'inventaire existant de la presse locale sur les iles du littoral charentais, re et oleron. Cette recherche est completee par un travail d'analyse qui porte : -sur la structure economique des journaux rencontres; -sur le contenu de cette presse locale au travers des dossiers abordes. D'une part les grands dossiers nationaux et d'autre part les preoccupations locales. L'ouvrage se termine par une analyse detaillee des supports ecrits de presse pendant la periode 1980 a 1982 qui clot le siecle de reference. Cette etude nous permet de voir
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Martin, Sylvie. "Presse quotidienne de la transition et syndrome toxique : Essai fortuit de modélisation des procédures informatives dans la presse nationale espagnole." Lyon 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO20052.

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La transition espagnole constitue une réalité complexe à travers laquelle se posent les questions des tensions entre l'archaïsme et la modernité, des spécificités d'un processus de démocratisation. La presse, dans ses modes d'existence et dans sa pratique informative, constitue un champ d'observation privilégié de l'équilibre entre la rupture et la continuité au cours des premières années de la démocratie espagnole. Son ambition d'être le reflet et le moteur de changements sociaux est mise à l'épreuve dans l'analyse d'un récit singulier, celui du syndrome toxique. L'évènement (accident épidémi
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Chotard, Françoise. "La circulation de l’information littéraire et scientifique en Europe entre 1710 et 1792, d’après les Nouvelles Littéraires du Journal des Savants." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE1139/document.

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Multiforme, hétérogène, surabondante, la presse est un acteur essentiel de la circulation de l’information des Lumières. Le Journal des Savants donne à la presse d’Ancien Régime l’une de ses institutions les plus solides, le premier périodique de critique bibliographique et un précieux outil de travail pour le monde savant. De 1710 jusqu’aux premiers mois de 1792, les Nouvelles Littéraires occupent une place singulière au sein du Journal, dont elles épousent naturellement le projet mais où, sous peine de disparaître, il leur faut revendiquer leur identité, qui passe d’abord par la régularité d
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Books on the topic "Presse et information"

1

La presse congolaise (RDC) et l'appropriation des nouvelles technologies. L'Harmattan, 2013.

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La presse et les tribunaux: Un mariage de raison. Wilson & Lafleur, 1991.

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La presse et les tribunaux: Un mariage de raison. 2nd ed. Wilson & Lafleur, 2004.

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Brahimi, Brahim. Le pouvoir, la presse et les intellectuels en Algérie. L'Harmattan, 1989.

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Association française pour les Nations Unies. Colloque. Actes [du] colloque du 16 octobre 1999 sur l'ONU et la presse. Editions A. Pedone, 2001.

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Rivet, Jacques. La mise en page de presse. Hurtubise, 1992.

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Brahimi, Brahim. Le pouvoir, la presse et les droits de l'homme en Algérie. Editions Marinoor, 1997.

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Togo. Code de la presse et de la communication: Loi no 98-004/PR du 11 fevrier 1998. Imp. Editogo Lome, 1998.

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Sury, Monika von. L' information officielle en question: L'information par les administrations fédérale [sic] et cantonales suisses : quelles bases légales?, quelles structures administratives?, quelles relations avec la presse? Edition Vogt-Schild, 1988.

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Delprat, Laurent. Communication et Internet: Pouvoirs et droits : presse écrite, communication audiovisuelle, Internet et multimédia, liberté d'informer et de communiquer, principes et limites, droit de l'audiovisuelle, de la publicité, de la propriété intellectuel en France et à l'international. Vuibert, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Presse et information"

1

Flaysakier, Jean-Daniel. "Le rôle de la presse grand public dans l’information sur les produits de santé." In Information et produits de santé, quelles perspectives ? Presses Universitaires de France, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/puf.laud.2006.01.0119.

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"Chapitre V. Presse et informations spécialisées." In Feuilles d’Afrique. Maison des Sciences de l’Homme d’Aquitaine, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.msha.14220.

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Loske, Achim M., Francisco Fernández, and Gilberto Fernández. "Innovative Piezoelectric Extracorporeal Lithotripter." In Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-889-5.ch094.

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Before 1980, the majority of patients with urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis needed surgery (Kerbl, Rehman, Landman, Lee, Sundaram, & Clayman, 2002; Soucie et al., 1994). Fortunately, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopic intrarenal surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) now allow almost any calculus to be removed without open surgery. SWL refers to the use of high intensity pressure pulses, generated outside the body, to break up kidney stones (Chaussy, Brendel, & Schmiedt, 1980; Loske, 2007). It has become the standard treatment for the majority of patients and an alternative in the management of gallbladder stones, pancreatic concrements, and salivary gland stones. Even though initial studies concluded that shock waves had no damaging effect on renal tissue, later several authors reported that shock waves may cause tissue trauma (Evan, Willis, Connors, McAteer, & Lingeman, 1991; Evan, Willis, & Lingeman, 2003 Willis et al., 1999). Fortunately, techniques and devices are still evolving and improvements to increase stone fragmentation efficiency and reduce tissue trauma are being constantly sought.
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Toullec, Bénédicte. "Vie et mort d’une association transfrontalière de journalistes. Le cas de l’Interregionale Presse/Presse Interrégionale (IPI)." In Grenzüberschreitende Informationsflüsse und Medien in der Großregion SaarLorLux | La circulation transfrontalière des informations médiatiques dans la Grande Région SaarLorLux. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845263274-233.

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Chong, Parkson Lee-Gau. "Membrane-Free Volume Variation with Bulky Lipid Concentration by Regular Distribution: A Functionally Important Membrane Property Explored by Pressure Studies of Phosphatidylcholine Bilayers." In High Pressure Effects in Molecular Biophysics and Enzymology. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097221.003.0022.

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We have used the dips in the ratio of excimer to monomer fluorescence intensity (E/M) as the index of lipid regular distribution to examine the effect of pressure on lipid lateral organization in the liquid-crystalline state of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC)/1-palmitoyl-2-(10-pyrenyl)decanoyl)-sn-glyceroI-3-phosphatidylcholine (Pyr-PC) bilayers. In the pressure range of 0.001-0.7 kbar at 30 °C, E/M dips remain discernible, suggesting that lipid regular distribution appears favorably in the liquid-crystalline state. In the same pressure range, E/M decreases steadily with increasing pressure at noncritical mole fractions; in contrast, E/M changes little with pressure at critical mole fractions. This result reveals an important physical principle underlying lipid regular distribution—that is, that membrane free volume reaches a local minimum at critical mole fractions of bulky lipids (for example, cholesterol and Pyr-PC). Using the activity of phospholipase A2 and the membrane fluidity inferred from diphenylhexatriene fluorescence polarization, we demonstrate that regular distribution of bulky lipids has a regulatory role in membrane properties or functions. Our data show that the activity of snake venom phospholipase A2 can be significantly modulated by minute changes (for example, 0.5 mol%) in the concentration of bulky lipids on either side of a critical mole fraction as a result of membrane free volume variation. The approach employed in this study illustrates the usefulness of high-pressure fluorescence methodology for obtaining new information about membranes at ambient conditions. High-pressure fluorescence spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful tool in biophysical research during the past 15 years (Paladini & Weber, 1981; Weber, 1992). Previous fluorescence studies of membranes at high pressure were focused on dynamic aspects, particularly on membrane fluidity. These dynamic studies have included probe rotations in lipid membranes (Chong & Weber, 1983; Chong et al., 1983; Mateo et al, 1993 and references cited therein), probe lateral diffusion (Flamm et al, 1982; Muller & Galla, 1983, 1987; Turley & Offen, 1985, 1986; Eisinger & Scarlata, 1987; Macdonald et al., 1988; Kao et al., 1992), spontaneous intermembrane transfer (Mantulin et al., 1984), and the relationship of membrane dynamics to the activity of membrane-bound proteins (Chong et al, 1985; Verjovski-Almeida et al, 1986; Jona & Martonosi, 1991).
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Worthy, Ben. "FOI in the UK: survival and afterlife." In The Politics of Freedom of Information. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719097676.003.0007.

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The conclusion addresses the issue of why FOI survived, despite a lack of public interest. The UK FOI policy proceeded in distinct stages: an inside struggle followed by an external/internal conflict. The initial success of the White Paper was driven by insiders, rather than outside influence, aided by a particular context and the ignorance or disinterest of many key figures. In the later stages the drivers were very different as a complex interplay of factors kept FOI ‘alive’ as a policy. Government commitment to its manifesto generally and Blair’s public commitment to FOI helped ‘lock-in’ the government to some form of legislation when Parliament and the media applied pressure. The chapter will briefly examine the UK legislation’s performance since 2000 across various parts of government. Drawing on academic studies (Worthy 2010: Worthy et al 2011) and official analysis (Justice 2012) it looks at the use and impact of FOI. It ends by looking at whether the fears of opponents and the hopes of supporters have come to pass.
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"Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference." In Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference, edited by T. Douglas Beard, Eddie H. Allison, Devin M. Bartley, et al. American Fisheries Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9789251092637.ch1.

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Inland fish and fisheries provide food security, livelihoods, cultural and religious identity, recreation, and a source of income for millions of people globally (Welcomme et al. 2010; Lynch et al. 2016, this volume). Human connections to fish and fishing have existed for millennia on inland waters systems as diverse as the Mekong River (Voeun 2004) to the glacial lakes of the northern United States (Bogue 2000). Given the long-term importance of inland fisheries to societies, the lack of attention given to maintaining their sustainability during development of management policies and allocation decisions for inland water resources is alarming yet all too common. Further, globally, even the most basic information about inland fisheries is generally lacking, such as basic life history of important food fishes, total harvest and production, total contribution to employment and livelihoods, and contribution of inland fish to nutrition and human well-being (Welcomme et al. 2010; Beard et al. 2011). When in-depth analyses are attempted, the numbers reported often underestimate the true contribution of inland fisheries to society (Baran et al. 2007; Hortle 2007; Bartley et al. 2015). Increased pressure on inland waters to support multiple uses, such as the proposed damming of the Mekong River system for hydropower (Ziv et al. 2012), the diversion of water for municipal and agriculture use in California (Tanaka et al. 2006), and the conversion of forests to agriculture in the Amazon basin (Davidson et al. 2012), creates numerous challenges for inland fisheries management. The development of improved and integrated approaches (e.g., integrated water resources management; Hooper 2003; Grigg 2008) to understand the important role of inland fisheries to society and provide better governance mechanisms that cross political and sectoral boundaries will be important to ensure inland fisheries sustainability.
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"Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference." In Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference, edited by T. Douglas Beard, Eddie H. Allison, Devin M. Bartley, et al. American Fisheries Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9789251092637.ch1.

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Inland fish and fisheries provide food security, livelihoods, cultural and religious identity, recreation, and a source of income for millions of people globally (Welcomme et al. 2010; Lynch et al. 2016, this volume). Human connections to fish and fishing have existed for millennia on inland waters systems as diverse as the Mekong River (Voeun 2004) to the glacial lakes of the northern United States (Bogue 2000). Given the long-term importance of inland fisheries to societies, the lack of attention given to maintaining their sustainability during development of management policies and allocation decisions for inland water resources is alarming yet all too common. Further, globally, even the most basic information about inland fisheries is generally lacking, such as basic life history of important food fishes, total harvest and production, total contribution to employment and livelihoods, and contribution of inland fish to nutrition and human well-being (Welcomme et al. 2010; Beard et al. 2011). When in-depth analyses are attempted, the numbers reported often underestimate the true contribution of inland fisheries to society (Baran et al. 2007; Hortle 2007; Bartley et al. 2015). Increased pressure on inland waters to support multiple uses, such as the proposed damming of the Mekong River system for hydropower (Ziv et al. 2012), the diversion of water for municipal and agriculture use in California (Tanaka et al. 2006), and the conversion of forests to agriculture in the Amazon basin (Davidson et al. 2012), creates numerous challenges for inland fisheries management. The development of improved and integrated approaches (e.g., integrated water resources management; Hooper 2003; Grigg 2008) to understand the important role of inland fisheries to society and provide better governance mechanisms that cross political and sectoral boundaries will be important to ensure inland fisheries sustainability.
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Prehoda, Kenneth E., and John L. Markley. "Use of Partial Molar Volumes of Model Compounds in the Interpretation of High-Pressure Effects on Proteins." In High Pressure Effects in Molecular Biophysics and Enzymology. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097221.003.0006.

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The transfer of liquid hydrocarbons into water is accompanied by a large decrease in volume at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure, with typical values for ΔV°tr of — 2.0 ml mol methylene−1. Considering the large amount of apolar surface that is exposed when a globular protein unfolds, the hydrocarbon transfer results imply that the change in volume accompanying the unfolding process (ΔV°obs) should be highly negative under these conditions. However, experimental data on the pressure denaturation of proteins typically yield relatively small values of ΔV°obs at atmospheric pressure and 25 °C. We analyze this apparent inconsistency in terms of a simple thermodynamic dissection of the partial molar volume. This approach allows the volume effects that result from solute-solvent interactions to be determined from experimental partial molar volumes. The use of absolute quantities (partial molar volumes) circumvents assumptions associated with the use of results from transfer experiments. An important finding is that hydration of apolar species is less dense than bulk water. This discovery leads to the conclusion that the contribution to ΔV°obs for protein unfolding from the hydration of apolar surfaces is highly positive, contrary to predictions based on transfer data. Further, hydration of polar surfaces makes a positive contribution to ΔV°obs. The large, positive term from the differential hydration of the folded and unfolded states is compensated by the difference in free volume of the protein in the two states. This finding provides a new framework for interpreting pressure effects on macromolecules. The full characterization of a macromolecular system requires knowledge of the effect of pressure on the system. The thermodynamic information obtained from using pressure as a perturbation is a volume change for the particular reaction being studied. The observed volume change, ΔV°obs, for protein unfolding may provide insight into the mechanisms that determine the three-dimensional structure of the folded state. Pressure denaturation experiments have been demonstrated for a number of proteins, including ribonuclease A (Gill & Glogovsky, 1965; Brandts et al., 1970), chymotrypsinogen (Hawley, 1971), metmyoglobin (Zipp & Kauzmann, 1973), and, more recently, lysozyme (Samarasinghe et al., 1992) and staphylococcal nuclease (Royer et al., 1993).
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Scarlata, Suzanne F. "The Effects of Increased Viscosity on the Function of Integral Membrane Proteins." In High Pressure Effects in Molecular Biophysics and Enzymology. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097221.003.0024.

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For many years the idea that the activity of integral membrane proteins is regulated by the fluidity of the lipid matrix was popular and appeared to be quite rational. However, as information about the effect of viscosity on the function of different membrane proteins became available, the correlation between the two became increasingly unclear. The purpose of this article is to readdress this issue in light of our recent pressure and temperature studies. This chapter is divided into seven parts: (1) the effect of viscosity on enzyme activity; (2) the effect of viscosity on the local motions of proteins; (3) characterization of membrane viscosity; (4) demonstration of changes in protein-lipid contacts brought about by changes in viscosity; (5) an example of a protein in which the viscosity appears to stabilize a particular conformational state: (6) relations between membrane viscosity and protein function; and (7) conclusions. The effect of viscosity (η) on the rate (k) of a chemical reaction was first given by Kramers (1940): . . . k=A/ηe−Ea/RT (1) . . . In this expression, viscosity will affect the rate of a reaction by limiting the rate of diffusion of reactants. Viscosity will thus modify the frequency factor (A) and should not affect the activation energy. This expression has been applied to aqueous soluble enzymes (for example, Gavish, 1979; Gavish & Werber, 1979; Somogyi et al., 1984), and it appears that, in general, enzymes obey Kramers’s relation, although in some cases the exponent of η is less than one. Viscosity can affect enzymatic rates not only by limiting the diffusion of substrates but also by damping internal motions of the protein chains. It seems reasonable that a high enough viscosities, the protein would be damped sufficiently so that large activation energies will be required for the backbone motions that allow substrates and products to diffuse into and out of the active site. This viscosity-induced increase in activation energy was shown by studies of the reassociation of carbon monoxide and dioxygen to the heme site of myoglobin after flash photodissociation (Austin et al., 1975; Beece et al., 1980).
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Conference papers on the topic "Presse et information"

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Sim, W. G., N. W. Mureithi, and M. J. Pettigrew. "Two-Phase Flow Modeling in a Pipe Related to Flow-Induced Vibration." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71171.

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To understand the fluid dynamic forces acting on a structure subjected to two-phase flow, it is essential to get detailed information about the characteristics of two-phase flow. The distributions of flow parameters across a pipe, such as gas velocity, liquid velocity and void fraction, may be assumed to follow a power law (Cheng 1998, Serizawa et al. 1975). The void fraction profile is, for example, uniform for bubbly flow while it is more or less parabolic for slug flow. In the present work, the average values of momentum flux, slip ratio, etc. are derived by integral analysis, based on appr
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McGuffie, Sean M., Michael A. Porter, Dennis H. Martens, and Michael J. Demskie. "Combining CFD Derived Information and Thermodynamic Analyses to Investigate Waste Heat Boiler Characteristics." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57625.

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A series of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and numerical analyses were performed to investigate operational characteristics in a sulfur recovery unit waste heat boiler (WHB). Similar analyses of WHBs have been reported by the authors (Porter et. al. [1, 2]). The initial focus for the current investigation was to determine the reason for metal loss on the inside of the tube. This required extending the focus of the previous analyses that concerned a) the departure from nucleate boiling (DNB) leading to critical tube temperatures, and b) the downstream fluxes and temperatures from the inlet
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Porter, Mike, Dennis Martens, Sean McGuffie, and John Wheeler. "A Means of Avoiding Sulfur Recovery Reaction Furnace Fired Tube Boiler Failures." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-78073.

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One of the common causes of premature tube failure in fired tube boilers — technically described as film boiling — is overheating of the tubes caused by steam blanketing. Current literature contains a significant amount of information on this problem, but not much in the way of definitive guidance for avoiding the problem. General “rules of thumb” are available for identifying the heat flux limit required to avoid the problem as in Martens et al [1]. Unfortunately, the values presented by different sources are often in disagreement. This paper will look at a sulfur recovery unit (SRU) Claus wa
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De Wilde, Juray, Edward Baudrez, Geraldine J. Heynderickx, Jan Vierendeels, Denis Constales, and Guy B. Marin. "Simultaneous Solution Algorithms for Gas-Solid Flows: An Efficient Parallel Line Solver." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-3116.

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A pointwise simultaneous solution algorithm based on dual time stepping was developed by De Wilde et al. (2002). With increasing grid aspect ratios, the efficiency of the point method quickly drops. Most realistic flow cases, however, require high grid aspect ratio grids, with the highest grid spacing in the streamwise direction. In this direction, the stiffness is efficiently removed by applying preconditioning (Weiss and Smith, 1995). In the direction perpendicular to the stream wise direction, stiffness remains because of the viscous and the acoustic terms. To resolve this problem, a line m
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Erickson, Marjorie, Kristine B. Cochran, B. Richard Bass, and Paul T. Williams. "The Role of Grain Size in Predicting Cleavage Fracture Toughness of Pressure Vessel Steels." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97216.

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A theoretical, multi-scale model has been developed to predict the fracture toughness of ferritic steels in the ductile-to-brittle fracture mode transition temperature region. The new model is being implemented into the DISlocation-based FRACture (DISFRAC) computer code at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and will permit fracture safety assessments of ferritic structures with only tensile properties and microstructural information (grain and carbide size) required as input. The theoretical basis of this model provides a means of predicting fracture behavior outside of the ranges of dat
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Nakadate, H., S. Akanuma, S. Aomura, and A. Kakuta. "Impact Pressure Increases Permeability of Cultured Human Endothelial Cells." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80117.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is well known to trigger multiple brain parenchymal and vascular responses. The immediate and prolonged opening of blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a hallmark of TBI pathophysiology, and results in extravasation of blood components, including red blood cells, plasma proteins and water (vasogenic edema) [1]. On the other hand, Studies in impact biomechanics have demonstrated a number of brain injury mechanisms [2]. These mechanisms include positive pressures at the impact site, negative pressure at the site opposite of impact. Recently, Hardy et al. demonstrated the pre
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Ancelet, Olivier, Thierry Lebarbe´, Sophie Dubiez-Le Goff, Dominique Bonne, and Odile Ge´lineau. "Material Report in Support to RCC-MRx Code 2010: Stainless Steel Parts and Products." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57852.

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This paper presents the Material Report dedicated to stainless steels parts and products issued by AFCEN (Association Franc¸aise pour les re`gles de Conception et de Construction des Mate´riels des Chaudie`res Electro-Nucle´aires) in support to RCC-MRx 2010 Code. The RCC-MRx Code is the result of the merger of the RCC-MX 2008, developed in the context of the research reactor Jules Horowitz Reactor project, in the RCC-MR 2007, which set up rules applicable to the design of components operating at high temperature and to the Vacuum Vessel of ITER (a presentation of RCC-MRx 2010 Code is the subje
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Kolli, Kranthi K., Mohamed Effat, Imran Arif, et al. "Functional and Anatomical Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Stenoses: A Retrospective Study in Humans." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80552.

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Fractional flow reserve (FFR: ratio of distal to proximal pressure of a stenotic section) is used to evaluate hemodynamic significance of epicardial stenosis. However, FFR and coronary flow reserve (CFR: ratio of hyperemic blood velocity to that of resting condition) are used in conjunction to evaluate combination of both epicardial and microvascular disease. It has been proposed that optimization of cutoff values for diagnostic parameters in determining stenosis severity depends on coupling functional (pressure and velocity) and anatomical data (% area stenosis). We hypothesize that, pressure
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Tang, Dalin, Chun Yang, Shunichi Kobayashi, and David N. Ku. "Quantifying Effects of Controlling Factors on Flow and Stress Distribution in Stenotic Arteries With Lipid Cores." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41113.

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2D and 3D multi-physics experiment-based nonlinear models with fluid-structure interactions (FSI) and structure-structure interactions (SSI) are introduced to model blood flow and stress/strain distributions in stenotic arteries with lipid pools. Material properties for the vessel and plaque are based on experimental measurements and information available in the literature (Huang et. al., 2001; Tang et. al., 2001). The Navier-Stokes equations are used as the governing equations for the fluid. Mooney-Rivlin models are used for both arteries and lipid cores. A well-tested finite element package
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Du, E., and Souran Manoochehri. "Optimal Design of an Electrothermal Microfluidic Pump." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86879.

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AC electrokinetics in microfluidic systems has been extensively investigated for its great potential in microfluidic pumping applications. The oscillating flow pattern in a microchannel with planar floor configuration restricts the pumping capacity due to the fast recirculating vortices over the electrode surface positioned in the microchannel floor. Patterned microgrooved floor in a fluidic microchannel can be employed to modify the flow pattern and make it uniaxial thus increase the net flow rate. Silicon KOH wet etching can be utilized to fabricate the microgrooved floor of the channel for
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Reports on the topic "Presse et information"

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McPhedran, R., K. Patel, B. Toombs, et al. Food allergen communication in businesses feasibility trial. Food Standards Agency, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.tpf160.

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Background: Clear allergen communication in food business operators (FBOs) has been shown to have a positive impact on customers’ perceptions of businesses (Barnett et al., 2013). However, the precise size and nature of this effect is not known: there is a paucity of quantitative evidence in this area, particularly in the form of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The Food Standards Agency (FSA), in collaboration with Kantar’s Behavioural Practice, conducted a feasibility trial to investigate whether a randomised cluster trial – involving the proactive communication of allergen information a
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