Academic literature on the topic 'Pressure gradients'

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Journal articles on the topic "Pressure gradients"

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Wright, Stephen P., Alexander R. Opotowsky, Tayler A. Buchan, et al. "Flow-related right ventricular to pulmonary arterial pressure gradients during exercise." Cardiovascular Research 115, no. 1 (2018): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvy138.

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Abstract Aims The assumption of equivalence between right ventricular (RV) and pulmonary arterial systolic pressure is fundamental to several assessments of RV or pulmonary vascular haemodynamic function. Our aims were to (i) determine whether systolic pressure gradients develop across the RV outflow tract in healthy adults during exercise, (ii) examine the potential correlates of such gradients, and (iii) consider the effect of such gradients on calculated indices of RV function. Methods and results Healthy untrained and endurance-trained adult volunteers were studied using right-heart cathet
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Kimmel, R. L. "The Effect of Pressure Gradients on Transition Zone Length in Hypersonic Boundary Layers." Journal of Fluids Engineering 119, no. 1 (1997): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2819115.

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Boundary layer transition was measured in zero, favorable, and adverse pressure gradients at Mach 8 using heat transfer. Models consisted of 7° half angle forecones 0.4826 m long, followed by flared or ogive aft bodies 0.5334 m long. The flares and ogives produced constant pressure gradients. For the cases examined, favorable pressure gradients delay transition and adverse pressure gradients promote transition, but transition zone lengths are shorter in favorable pressure gradient. Results of the effect of adverse pressure gradient on transition zone lengths were inconclusive.
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Fargen, Kyle M., Rebecca M. Garner, Carol Kittel, and Stacey Q. Wolfe. "A descriptive study of venous sinus pressures and gradients in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 12, no. 3 (2019): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2019-015251.

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ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between normal physiologic and pathologic venous sinus pressures in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), which is poorly understood.MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed to identify patients with medically refractory IIH who were evaluated by angiography and retrograde venography with venous manometry. Patients were further subdivided into groups based on anatomic factors.Results104 patients met inclusion criteria for the study. In the absence of non-invasive venographic screening, 58% of patients in this series were found to ha
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Kulick, Daniel L., David T. Kawanishi, John Frierson, and Shahbudin H. Rahimtoola. "Pressure gradients." Coronary Artery Disease 1, no. 1 (1990): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019501-199001000-00008.

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Klassen, Gerald A., J. Andrew Armour, and J. Barry Garner. "Coronary circulatory pressure gradients." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no. 4 (1987): 520–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-089.

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The pressure gradients of the canine coronary circulation were measured in 37 dogs during control and following eight interventions: left stellate ganglion or left vagosympathetic trunk stimulation, as well as isoproterenol, acetylcholine, noradrenaline, adenosine, phenylephrine, or adrenaline infusions. During control, pressure gradients in the epicardial coronary arteries (measured from the aorta to coronary artery branch) were 15.2 ± 1 mmHg(1 mmHg = 133.32 Pa) during systole and 10.6 ± 1.5 mmHg during diastole. Adrenaline increased this systolic gradient, while acetylcholine and phenylephri
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Konrádsson, Konrád S., Björn I. R. Carlborg, and Joseph C. Farmer. "Pressure Gradients Affecting the Labyrinth during Hypobaric Pressure." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 106, no. 6 (1997): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949710600610.

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Hypobaric effects on the perilymph pressure were investigated in 18 cats. The perilymph, tympanic cavity, cerebrospinal fluid, and systemic and ambient pressure changes were continuously recorded relative to the atmospheric pressure. The pressure equilibration of the eustachian tube and the cochlear aqueduct was studied, as well as the effects of blocking these channels. During ascent, the physiologic opening of the eustachian tube reduced the pressure gradients across the tympanic membrane. The patent cochlear aqueduct equilibrated perilymph pressure to cerebrospinal fluid compartment levels
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Corey, Kenneth A., and Zhi Yi Tan. "A MECHANISM FOR TRANSPORT OF SUBSTANCES BY TEMPERATURE-INDUCED PRESSURE GRADIENTS." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 626e—626. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.626e.

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Diurnal changes in air and soil temperatures lead to temperature gradients between air and soil, between roots and shoots, and within plant organs. In response to these gradients, fluctuations in gas pressures may develop in organs that are resistant to exchange of gases. These fluctuations may regulate mass flow of gases or solutions within plants. Patterns of diurnal temperature changes were generated to illustrate temperature gradients between roots and shoots. Experimental confirmation of pressure changes induced by temperature differences between roots and shoots were measured with water
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VEYNANTE, DENIS, and THIERRY POINSOT. "Effects of pressure gradients on turbulent premixed flames." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 353 (December 25, 1997): 83–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112097007556.

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In most practical situations, turbulent premixed flames are ducted and, accordingly, subjected to externally imposed pressure gradients. These pressure gradients may induce strong modifications of the turbulent flame structure because of buoyancy effects between heavy cold fresh and light hot burnt gases. In the present work, the influence of a constant acceleration, inducing large pressure gradients, on a premixed turbulent flame is studied using direct numerical simulations.A favourable pressure gradient, i.e. a pressure decrease from unburnt to burnt gases, is found to decrease the flame wr
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McDougall, Cameron M., Vin Shen Ban, Jeffrey Beecher, Lee Pride, and Babu G. Welch. "Fifty shades of gradients: does the pressure gradient in venous sinus stenting for idiopathic intracranial hypertension matter? A systematic review." Journal of Neurosurgery 130, no. 3 (2019): 999–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.8.jns17459.

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OBJECTIVEThe role of venous sinus stenting (VSS) for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is not well understood. The aim of this systematic review is to attempt to identify subsets of patients with IIH who will benefit from VSS based on the pressure gradients of their venous sinus stenosis.METHODSMEDLINE/PubMed was searched for studies reporting venous pressure gradients across the stenotic segment of the venous sinus, pre- and post-stent pressure gradients, and clinical outcomes after VSS. Findings are reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews a
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Guerra, M. Mendes-Ferreira P. Adão R. Pereira E. Vieira M. Lourenço AP Brás-Silva C. Bastos P. Vouga L. Leite-Moreira AF. "Improvement in left intraventricular pressure gradients after aortic valve replacement in aortic stenosis patients." Experimental Physiology 102, no. 4 (2017): 411–21. https://doi.org/10.1113/EP086191.

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New Findings <strong>What is the central question of this study?</strong> Normal diastolic and systolic intraventricular pressure gradients are decreased when left ventricular filling and/or emptying are compromised. We hypothesized that in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis, a condition that interferes with ventricular filling and emptying, those gradients would be disturbed. <strong>What is the main finding and its importance?</strong> We showed the existence of intraventricular pressure gradients throughout the cardiac cycle in the human left ventricle. Moreover, we demonstrated, fo
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pressure gradients"

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Woods, George Stephen. "Studies in vertical multiphase flow." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247344.

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Bobke, Alexandra. "Simulations of turbulent boundary layers with suction and pressure gradients." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Linné Flow Center, FLOW, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-185275.

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The focus of the present licentiate thesis is on the effect of suction and pressure gradients on turbulent boundary-layer flows, which are investigated separately through performing numerical simulations.The first part aims at assessing history and development effects on adverse pressure-gradient (APG) turbulent boundary layers (TBL). A suitable set-up was developed to study near-equilibrium conditions for a boundary layer developingon a flat plate by setting the free-stream velocity at the top of the domain following a power law. The computational box size and the correct definition of the to
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Alaoui, Miloud. "Coherent structures and wall-pressure fluctuations modeling in turbulent boundary layers subjected to pressure gradients." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0077/document.

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L'écoulement autour des véhicules produit une couche limite turbulente très proche de la paroi. Le caractère turbulent induit des fluctuations de pression pariétale qui font vibrer les panneaux du véhicule. Ces vibrations sont alors transmises à travers la structure et rayonnent du bruit dans l’habitacle. Les niveaux sonores dus à l'écoulement augmentent avec la vitesse du véhicule. Pour cette raison, cette problématique connaît un intérêt croissant dans le secteur aéronautique.Le but de cette thèse est double : comprendre les mécanismes à l’origine de ces fluctuations de pression à la paroi e
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McGrath, Brian E. "Some features of surface pressure fluctuations in turbulent boundary layers with zero and favorable pressure gradients." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101239.

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Various researchers are interested in the structure of the surface pressure fluctuations for the development and use of noise prediction techniques for helicopter and turbomachinery rotors. This study, conducted in the Virginia Tech low speed boundary layer wind tunnel, covered the effects of zero and favorable streamwise pressure gradient flows on the surface pressure fluctuation spectra, coherence and convective wave speeds in turbulent boundary layers for momentum Reynolds numbers from 3000 to 18,800. The acceleration parameter, pressure gradient flow. K is near 2x10⁻⁷ for the favorable Sma
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Jesus, Antonio Batista de. "Large Eddy and RANS simulations of flows with adverse pressure gradients." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2015. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3310.

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Large Eddy Simulations (LES) are performed to study flows with adverse pressure gradients (APG) produced by different two-dimensional bumps profiles installed on the bottom wall of a flat channel with parallel plates. An initial study considers a bump profile for which previous direct numerical simulation (DNS) results are available at the Reynolds number Re? = 617, based on the channel inlet friction velocity. The results obtained showed that LES is an adequate methodology for that type of simulation, being capable of reproducing accurately DNS results in terms of mean flow variables, Reynold
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Pearce, Nicholas F. "An investigation of turbulent boundary layers with streamwise and spanwise pressure gradients." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57513/.

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An experimental comparison is made between two turbulent boundary layers produced in a low-speed water channel subjected to different pressure gradient distributions. Both flows involve identical favourable streamwise components, generated via a lateral contraction of the flow area; and in the second case, an additional spanwise gradient is imposed by curving the walls. The measurement system and methods are developed in full, with rigorous testing and validation allowing the uncertainty and accuracy of the results to be estimated. Hot-wire anemometry is employed to take measurements of veloci
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Adigio, Emmanuel M. "Modelling gas flow pressure gradients in Gelcast ceramic foam diesel particulate filters." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33933.

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Internal combustion engines are significant contributors to air pollution. To meet the future legislative particu1ate matter (PM) emissions targets for diesel engines there is a need for aftertreatment of the exhaust gases. Previous investigations have shown that diesel particulate filters (DPFs) are a potential exhaust aftertreatment technology for the reduction of PM emissions. DPF systems generally contain two elements; one or more filters (i.e. porous media) and a means of regenerating (i.e. cleaning) the filter(s). The filter must be regenerated intermittently or continuously to prevent i
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Watson, Sue-Ann. "Latitudinal gradients in marine invertebrate shell morphology : production costs and predation pressure." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/69049/.

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Memory, Curtis Lynn. "Numerical Simulation of Vortex Generating Jets in Zero and Adverse Pressure Gradients." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2098.pdf.

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Hacker, Wayne. "An asymptotic theory for distributed receptivity of flow fields with pressure gradients." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280035.

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A systematic asymptotic analysis is used to devise a model for distributed boundary-layer receptivity for flow fields with pressure gradients. The model predicts the generation of a Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) wave due to the interaction of a time-harmonic free-stream disturbance with distributed wall waviness and the subsequent evolution of this TS wave under the influence of wall waviness. The model is restricted to two dimensions and the Reynolds number is assumed to be large. Unlike previous models, the present model allows a nonzero pressure gradient in the base flow, and accounts for nonpa
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Books on the topic "Pressure gradients"

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Society of Petroleum Engineers (U.S.), ed. Pore pressure and fracture gradients. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1999.

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E, Welch Gerard, NASA Glenn Research Center, and U.S. Army Research Laboratory., eds. Effectiveness of micro-blowing technique in adverse pressure gradients. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2001.

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E, Welch Gerard, NASA Glenn Research Center, and U.S. Army Research Laboratory., eds. Effectiveness of micro-blowing technique in adverse pressure gradients. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2001.

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E, Welch Gerard, NASA Glenn Research Center, and U.S. Army Research Laboratory., eds. Effectiveness of micro-blowing technique in adverse pressure gradients. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2001.

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E, Zorumski W., Rawls John W, and Langley Research Center, eds. Experimental feasibility of investigating acoustic waves in Couette flow with entropy and pressure gradients. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1990.

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Hoffenberg, R. Wake measurements in a strong adverse pressure gradient. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Hoffenberg, R. Wake measurements in a strong adverse pressure gradient. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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McGrath, B. E. Some features of surface pressure fluctuations in turbulent boundary layers with zero and favorable pressure gradients. Langley Research Center, 1987.

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P, Leonard B., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A modified mixing length turbulence model for zero and adverse pressure gradients. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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P, Leonard B., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A modified mixing length turbulence model for zero and adverse pressure gradients. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pressure gradients"

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Stapleton, Shawn, and Michael F. Milosevic. "Pressure Gradients in Solid Tumors." In Cancer Targeted Drug Delivery. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7876-8_9.

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Juhl, B. "Pulmonary Pressure Gradients and Hemodynamics." In ZAK Zürich. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69432-5_25.

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Burton, Ralph A. "Viscous Heating in Pressure Gradients." In Heat, Bearings, and Lubrication. Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1248-5_11.

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Cardoso, E. R., and J. A. Kupchak. "Non-Invasive Monitoring of Intracranial Pressure Gradients by Means of Transcranial Doppler." In Intracranial Pressure VIII. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77789-9_75.

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Moeller, Mark J., Teresa S. Miller, and Richard G. DeJong. "Effect of Developing Pressure Gradients on TBL Wall Pressure Spectrums." In Flinovia - Flow Induced Noise and Vibration Issues and Aspects. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09713-8_3.

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Hanine, F., A. Kourta, and H. Haminh. "Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer with Pressure Gradients." In Proceedings of the Ninth GAMM-Conference on Numerical Methods in Fluid Mechanics. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-13974-4_40.

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Bowcock, E., S. R. Orde, and A. S. McLean. "The Forgotten Circulation and Transpulmonary Pressure Gradients." In Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93433-0_5.

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Xie, Xiaobin, April Peszel, Feras Kamel Rizeq, Chenyu Sun, Diya Yang, and Ningli Wang. "Techniques in Measuring Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure Gradients." In Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure Gradient in Glaucoma. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2137-5_14.

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Pulvin, Ph, and T. V. Truong. "Riblets in Internal Flows with Adverse Pressure Gradients." In Structure of Turbulence and Drag Reduction. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50971-1_48.

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Wang, Yuehuan, and Amir A. Amini. "Integrable Pressure Gradients via Harmonics-Based Orthogonal Projection." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11505730_36.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pressure gradients"

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Bauwens, Luc. "Pressure gradients in Stirling engines." In Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1994-3956.

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Baldock, Thomas E., and Patrick Holmes. "Pressure Gradients Within Sediment Beds." In 25th International Conference on Coastal Engineering. American Society of Civil Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784402429.322.

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Aldrich, Frank J. "Predicting Turbulent Boundary Layer Wall Pressure Fluctuations in Adverse Pressure Gradients." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80797.

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A physics-based approach is employed and a new prediction tool is developed to predict the wavevector-frequency spectrum of the turbulent boundary layer wall pressure fluctuations for subsonic airfoils under the influence of adverse pressure gradients. The prediction tool uses an explicit relationship developed by D. M. Chase, which is based on a fit to zero pressure gradient data. The tool takes into account the boundary layer edge velocity distribution and geometry of the airfoil, including the blade chord and thickness. Comparison to experimental adverse pressure gradient data shows a need
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Jackson, R. R., A. Carnegie, and F. X. Dubost. "Pressure Measurement and Pressure Gradient Analysis: How Reliable For Determining Fluid Density and Compositional Gradients?" In Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/111911-ms.

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Smith, Barton L. "Oscillating Flow in Adverse Pressure Gradients." In INNOVATIONS IN NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS: ISNA17 - 17th International Symposium on Nonlinear Acoustics including the International Sonic Boom Forum. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2210383.

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Smith, Barton L., Kristen V. Mortensen, and Spencer Wendel. "Oscillating Flow in Adverse Pressure Gradients." In ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2005-77458.

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Separating oscillating flow in an internal adverse pressure gradient geometry is studied experimentally. Phase-locked PIV measurements and simultaneous pressure measurements reveal that during the accelerating portion of the cycle, the flow remains attached in spite of a very large adverse pressure gradient. During the decelerating portion of the cycle, the flow is more prone to separation. The duration and extent of the separation depend strongly on the oscillation displacement amplitude relative to the cross-stream dimension. In some cases, the flow separates but reattaches as the separated
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Montel, F., J. Bickert, J. Hy-Billiot, and M. Royer. "Pressure and Compositional Gradients in Reservoirs." In Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/85668-ms.

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Larsen, Alex, Hege Urkedal, and Arve Lonoy. "Fluid Pressure Gradients in Tight Formations." In EUROPEC/EAGE Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/121982-ms.

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Teekaram, A. J. H., C. J. P. Forth, and T. V. Jones. "Film Cooling in the Presence of Mainstream Pressure Gradients." In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-334.

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Film-cooling in the presence of mainstream pressure gradients typical of gas turbines has been studied experimentally on a flat plate This paper describes, measurements of the spanwise averaged effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient for an inclined slot and a single row of holes in the presence of favourable, zero and adverse pressure gradients. Acceleration parameters of K = 2.62×10−6 and - 0.22 × 10−6 were achieved at the point of injection where the freestream unit Reynolds number was held constant at Re/m = 2.7 × 107. The flow was accelerated to high Mach number and results are analys
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Salze, Edouard, Christophe Bailly, Olivier Marsden, Emmanuel Jondeau, and Daniel Juve. "An experimental investigation of wall pressure fluctuations beneath pressure gradients." In 21st AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2015-3148.

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Reports on the topic "Pressure gradients"

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Letellier, Bruce C. Theoretical Treatment of Pressure Gradients in One-Dimensional, Inhomogeneous, Compressible Media. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1062708.

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Ruggles, A. E., and J. L. McDuffee. Local pressure gradients due to incipience of boiling in subcooled flows. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/106988.

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Kimmel, Roger L. The Effect of Pressure Gradients on Transition Zone Length in Hypersonic Boundary Layers. Defense Technical Information Center, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada288483.

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Hull, Lawrence Mark, Phillip Isaac Miller, and Erik Allan Moro. Effect of Pressure Gradients on the Initiation of PBX-9502 via Irregular (Mach) Reflection of Low Pressure Curved Shock Waves. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1334100.

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Fasel, Hermann F. Control of Separation for Turbulent Boundary Layers Subjected to Wall Curvature and Streamwise Pressure Gradients. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada430647.

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Dement, Franklin L. Effects of Pressure Gradients on Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow Over a Flat Plate with Riblets. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada361555.

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Thomas, Lisa, Christopher Calvo, Jolie Gareis, Lisa Thomas, Christopher Calvo, and Jolie Gareis. Semi-arid plant communities of the Southern Colorado Plateau in relation to regional climate context and local topoedaphic conditions: Comparing species abundance patterns across a network of sites to identify climate-driven vulnerabilities and inform hypotheses about future composition shifts. National Park Service, 2024. https://doi.org/10.36967/2306569.

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With climate projections for increased warming and greater drought severity, the semi-arid grasslands, shrublands and pinyon-juniper woodlands occurring at lower elevations on the Colorado Plateau are likely to change in coming decades. Using shrub and herbaceous data from seven long-term study areas, I describe across-ecosite compositional gradients within the current regional climate context and compare spatial variability among assemblages. At the local scale, I model the relationship between composition and topoedaphic conditions. I use these results to develop hypotheses regarding the typ
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Fasel, Hermann F., Andreas Gross, and Dieter Postl. Longitudinal Vortices in Turbulent Boundary Layers Subjected to Wall Curvature and Strong Adverse Pressure Gradients: Numerical Investigations Using LES and DNS. Defense Technical Information Center, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada397683.

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Brown, Garry L. An Experimental Study of the Receptivity of a Compressible Laminar Boundary Layer and the Effects on Stability and Receptivity of 2-D and 3-D Pressure Gradients. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431796.

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Willits, Daniel H., Meir Teitel, Josef Tanny, Mary M. Peet, Shabtai Cohen, and Eli Matan. Comparing the performance of naturally ventilated and fan-ventilated greenhouses. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7586542.bard.

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The objectives of this project were to predict the performance of naturally and fan-ventilated greenhouses as a function of climate, type of crop, evaporative cooling and greenhouse size, and to estimate the effects of the two cooling systems on yield, quality and disease development in the different crops under study. Background In the competitive field of greenhouse cultivation, growers and designers in both the US and Israel are repeatedly forced to choose between naturally ventilated (NV) and fan ventilated (FV) cooling systems as they expand their ranges in an effort to remain profitable.
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