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Journal articles on the topic 'Pressure Patch'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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Liu, Shu-feng, Han-xiang Wang, Yan-xin Liu, Xin Zhang, Jia-qi Che, and Shao-hua Ma. "Analysis and experimental study of patch tube mechanical properties based on screen pipe hydroforming patch technology." AIP Advances 12, no. 5 (2022): 055301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087533.

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Hydroforming patch technology for damaged screen pipes is designed based on tube hydroforming technology, and the methods for determining the forming pressure range and forming defects are selected according to the forming process. The hydroforming patch model for screen pipes is established according to the technical demand parameters for screen pipe repair. From the mechanical properties of the material and digital–analog comparison analysis of the material formability, it is found that the determiners for formability (such as forming pressure, thinning rate, and springback) of 321 stainless steel (SS321) are better than those of 304L stainless steel (SS304L), and the patch tube materials meeting the technical requirements were selected. A test bench for the formability of patch tubes was built to verify the forming pressure of patch tubes with different thicknesses and the distribution of wall thickness after forming. The results show that the hydroforming patch technology is feasible and can realize the firm and close fit between the patch tube and screen pipe; moreover, SS321 can meet the material requirements of the patch tube.

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Petrov, Evgeny, Paul R. Rohde, and Boris Martinac. "Flying-Patch Patch-Clamp Study of G22E-MscL Mutant under High Hydrostatic Pressure." Biophysical Journal 100, no. 7 (2011): 1635–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2011.02.016.

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Finn, Michael A., Nathan D. Faulkner, Scott J. Hetzel, and Paul A. Anderson. "Spinal duraplasty materials and hydrostasis: a biomechanical study." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 15, no. 4 (2011): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.5.spine10851.

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Object Dural tears are a frequent complication of spinal surgery and contribute to significant morbidity. Occasionally, dural tears cannot be closed primarily and dural patch grafts must be utilized. No data exist on the comparative immediate hydrostatic strength of various patch materials used alone or with a biological adhesive in a spinal dural tear model. Thus, the authors conducted this study to determine the comparative effectiveness of various patch materials used with and without biological adhesive. Methods Twenty-four thoracic spines from calves were prepared with laminectomies and spinal cord evacuation, leaving the dura intact. Foley catheters were inflated on either side of a planned dural defect, and baseline hydrostasis was measured using a fluid column at 30, 60, and 90 cm of H2O. A standard dural defect (1 × 2 cm) was created, and 8 patches of each material (human fascia lata, Duragen, and Preclude) were sutured in place using 5-0 Prolene hemo-seal running sutures. Hydrostasis was again tested at the same pressures. Finally, a hydrogel sealant (Duraseal) was placed over the defect and hydrostasis was again tested. Results were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA. Results The leakage rate increased significantly at each pressure tested for all conditions. There was no difference in leakage among the 3 patch materials at any of the pressures or for either condition (with or without sealant). All patch materials allowed significantly greater leakage than the intact condition at all pressures. The use of sealant reduced leakage significantly at the 30 and 60 mm Hg pressures to levels similar to the intact condition. At 90 mm Hg, leakage of the sealed construct was greater than at the intact condition but significantly less than without the use of sealant. Conclusions All 3 dural patch materials were of similar hydrostatic strength and allowed greater leakage than at the intact condition. The use of sealant reduced the amount of leakage at all pressures compared with patching alone but allowed more leakage than the intact state at a high hydrostatic pressure (90 mm Hg).

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Kronish, Jan W. "Pressure Patch Treatment for Congenital Upper Eyelid Eversion." Archives of Ophthalmology 109, no. 6 (1991): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1991.01080060021009.

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Xu, Wenjie, Lei Lu, Yuxin He, Lin Cheng, and Aiping Liu. "Long-Term Detection of Glycemic Glucose/Hypoglycemia by Microfluidic Sweat Monitoring Patch." Biosensors 14, no. 6 (2024): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios14060294.

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A microfluidic sweat monitoring patch that collects human sweat for a long time is designed to achieve the effect of detecting the rise and fall of human sweat glucose over a long period of time by increasing the use time of a single patch. Five collection pools, four serpentine channels, and two different valves are provided. Among them, the three-dimensional valve has a large burst pressure as a balance between the internal and external air pressures of the patch. The bursting pressure of the two-dimensional diverter valve is smaller than that of the three-dimensional gas valve, and its role is to control the flow direction of the liquid. Through plasma hydrophilic treatment of different durations, the optimal hydrophilic duration is obtained. The embedded chromogenic disc detects the sweat glucose value at two adjacent time intervals and compares the information of the human body to increase or reduce glucose. The patch has good flexibility and can fit well with human skin, and because polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has good light transmission, it reduces the measurement error caused by the color-taking process and makes the detection results more accurate.

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Balakina, Ekaterina V., Zahid A. Godzhaev, Alexander A. Konshin, and Mikhail S. Kochetov. "Calculation of normal stiffness and contact patch of ultra-low pressure tires for agricultural machinery." Tractors and Agricultural Machinery 90, no. 1 (2023): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-133657.

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BACKGROUND:The impact of tires on a deformable ground surface determines not only the ability of a vehicle to move, but also the pressure on ground through the contact patch geometric characteristics. The pressure on soil is normalized and limited by the conditions for the preservation of its agrophysical properties. Therefore, when creating vehicles for various purposes for their movement or movement of their trailers on deformable ground surfaces, it is required to calculate the pressure on ground in the design process. However, currently there are no universal dependencies for calculation of the mentioned parameters of ultra-low pressure tires. This applies to both vertical and inclined tire arrangement. AIMS:Development and implementation of universal methods for calculation of normal stiffness and con-tact patch parameters of ultra-low-pressure tires for agricultural machinery. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Software products such as MS Excel, MATLAB and Curve Expert Professional were used in modeling. RESULTS:The universal analytical-experimental dependence has been obtained to determine the normal stiff-ness of ultra-low pressure tires, including a possible inclination of the wheel rotation axis. The dependence takes into account tire pressure, normal wheel load, an inclination angle of the rotation axis and tire geometric characteristics. The formula is obtained for determining the contact patch contour area of an ultra-low pressure tire. It helps to calculate the current pressure on ground, which should not exceed the specified value. CONCLUSIONS:The method for calculation of normal stiffness and contact patch parameters such as contact length, contour area and contact pressure for ultra-low pressure tires has been developed and implemented. The method is universal for all ultra-low pressure tires.

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Sokabe, M., and F. Sachs. "The structure and dynamics of patch-clamped membranes: a study using differential interference contrast light microscopy." Journal of Cell Biology 111, no. 2 (1990): 599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.111.2.599.

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We have developed techniques for micromanipulation under high power video microscopy. We have used these to study the structure and motion of patch-clamped membranes when driven by pressure steps. Patch-clamped membranes do not consist of just a membrane, but rather a plug of membrane-covered cytoplasm. There are organelles and vesicles within the cytoplasm in the pipette tip of both cell-attached and excised patches. The cytoplasm is capable of active contraction normal to the plane of the membrane. With suction applied before seal formation, vesicles may be swept from the cell surface by shear stress generated from the flow of saline over the cell surface. In this case, patch recordings are made from membrane that was not originally present under the tip. The vesicles may break, or fuse and break, to form the gigasealed patch. Patch membranes adhere strongly to the wall of the pipette so that at zero transmural pressure the membranes tend to be normal to the wall. With transmural pressure gradients, the membranes generally become spherical; the radius of curvature decreasing with increasing pressure. Some patches have nonuniform curvature demonstrating that forces normal to the membrane may be significant. Membranes often do not respond quickly to changes in pipette pressure, probably because viscoelastic cytoplasm reduces the rate of flow through the tip of the pipette. Inside-out patches may be peeled from the walls of the pipette, and even everted (with positive pressure), without losing the seal. This suggests that the gigaseal is a distributed property of the membrane-glass interface.

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Овчарук, B. Ovcharuk, Криволап, and V. Krivolap. "METHODS OF DETERMINING THE AREA OF THE CONTACT PATCH OF THE TIRE IN DEPENDENCE ON PRESSURE AND LOAD." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 2, no. 2 (2015): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19352.

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The article considers the methods and means of determining the area of the contact patch of the tire wheels to reduce the specific pressure of motor vehicles for the transport of heavy indivisible loads on the road by optimizing the area of the contact patch of the tire in dependence on pressure and load

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Wonglertnirant, Nanthida, S. Tipwichai, Praneet Opanasopit, Theerasak Rojanarata, Suwannee Panomsuk, and Tanasait Ngawhirunpat. "Development of Acrylic Matrix Type Ketoprofen Patch." Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.533.

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Ketoprofen transdermal patches (KTPs) were fabricated using an acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) polymer. The influence of different factors (amount of PSA, drug content, and pressure applying on the backing membrane during preparation) on the characteristics of ketoprofen patch (thickness, W/A ratio, and adhesiveness of matrix film) and in vitro drug release behavior were investigated. The results revealed the successful fabrication and a good physical appearance of KTPs using acrylic PSA. Microscopic observations, FTIR spectra, and DSC thermograms were permitted to demonstrate that the drug was dispersed molecularly in the polymer. As the amount of PSA in the adhesive matrix was increased, the release rate of ketoprofen was decreased. Contrarily, the drug release rate was increased corresponding to the increase of ketoprofen content in the adhesive matrix. There was no significant difference in the release rate when the pressure applying on the backing membrane was varied. The kinetic of ketoprofen release from acrylic matrix type transdermal patches followed the Higuchis diffusion model.

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Rusdiansaputra, Ferry, Edwin Danardono, and I. Gusti Bagus Adria Hariastawa. "The effect of free peritoneal patch on bursting pressure in primary gastric suturing with peritonitis conditions (study on New Zealand White rabbits)." Bali Medical Journal 12, no. 3 (2023): 3037–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4741.

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Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/L5cB4oIP45U Background: perforated peptic ulcer is still a challenge for surgeons and requires a strategy to provide a good outcome. Currently, research on protective biomaterials still has limitations. Free peritoneal patch has growth factors, is antimicrobial, and increases angiogenesis and progenitor properties, which is useful for wound healing. This study examines the healing of primary gastric suturing with peritoneal patches in peritonitis conditions by measuring bursting pressure. Methods: Researchers conducted an experimental study using 30 New Zealand White Rabbits induced by fecal peritonitis. An artificial perforation with a diameter of 1 cm in the gastric corpus was performed, and primary suturing was performed using 5/0 silk thread with 2 simple sutures. In the treatment group, a free peritoneal patch was added. The bursting pressure examination was carried out on the 7th postoperative day. Results: Changes in the body weight of the rabbits before and after surgery reflecting the nutritional status of the sample did not significantly affect the value of bursting pressure (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the value of bursting pressure in the primary gastric suturing group with a free peritoneal patch was significantly higher than in the primary gastric suturing group without adding a free peritoneal patch (p<0.05). Conclusion: A free peritoneal patch can be used as a biological dressing to prevent leakage in gastric primary suturing in conditions of peritonitis, as shown by higher bursting pressure values.

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Skyllingstad, Eric D., Simon P. de Szoeke, and Larry W. O’Neill. "Modeling the Transient Response of Tropical Convection to Mesoscale SST Variations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, no. 5 (2019): 1227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0079.1.

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Abstract A cloud-resolving model coupled to a mixed layer ocean with an initial 500-km-wide, +3-K sea surface temperature (SST) patch is used to demonstrate the relationship between tropical mesoscale SST gradients and convection under different wind speeds. On these scales, boundary layer convergence toward hydrostatic low surface pressure is partially responsible for triggering convection, but convection subsequently organizes into cells and squall lines that propagate away from the patch. For strong wind (12 m s−1), enhanced convection is shifted downstream from the patch and consists of relatively small cells that are enhanced from increased moist static energy (MSE) flux over the patch. Convection for weak wind (6 m s−1) develops directly over the patch, merging in larger-scale coherent squall-line systems that propagate away from the patch. Squall lines decay after approximately 1 day, and convection redevelops over the patch region after 2 days. Decreasing patch SST from ocean mixing in the coupled simulations affects the overall strength of the convection, but does not qualitatively alter the convective behavior in comparison with cases with a fixed 3-K SST anomaly. In all cases, increased fluxes of heat and moisture, along with latent heating from shallow convection, initially generate lower pressure over the patch and convergence of the boundary layer winds. Within about 1 day, secondary convective circulations, such as surface cold pools, act to spread the effects of the convection over the model domain and overwhelm the effect of low pressure. SST anomalies (1 and 0.5 K) generate enhanced convection only for winds below 6 m s−1.

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Low, Jen-Hahn, Pei-Song Chee, and Eng-Hock Lim. "Deformable Liquid Metal Patch Antenna for Air Pressure Detection." IEEE Sensors Journal 20, no. 8 (2020): 3963–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2019.2961514.

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Kantor, D., and S. D. Silberstein. "Cervical epidural blood patch for low CSF pressure headaches." Neurology 65, no. 7 (2005): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000178893.55200.1c.

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Marshall, M. B., R. Lewis, R. S. Dwyer-Joyce, U. Olofsson, and S. Björklund. "Experimental Characterization of Wheel-Rail Contact Patch Evolution." Journal of Tribology 128, no. 3 (2006): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2197523.

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The contact area and pressure distribution in a wheel/rail contact is essential information required in any fatigue or wear calculations to determine design life, re-grinding, and maintenance schedules. As wheel or rail wear or surface damage takes place the contact patch size and shape will change. This leads to a redistribution of the contact stresses. The aim of this work was to use ultrasound to nondestructively quantify the stress distribution in new, worn, and damaged wheel-rail contacts. The response of a wheel/rail interface to an ultrasonic wave can be modeled as a spring. If the contact pressure is high the interface is very stiff, with few air gaps, and allows the transmission of an ultrasonic sound wave. If the pressure is low, interfacial stiffness is lower and almost all the ultrasound is reflected. A quasistatic spring model was used to determine maps of contact stiffness from wheel/rail ultrasonic reflection data. Pressure was then determined using a parallel calibration experiment. Three different contacts were investigated; those resulting from unused, worn, and sand damaged wheel and rail specimens. Measured contact pressure distributions are compared to those determined using elastic analytical and numerical elastic-plastic solutions. Unused as-machined contact surfaces had similar contact areas to predicted elastic Hertzian solutions. However, within the contact patch, the numerical models better reproduced the stress distribution, as they incorporated real surface roughness effects. The worn surfaces were smoother and more conformal, resulting in a larger contact patch and lower contact stress. Sand damaged surfaces were extremely rough and resulted in highly fragmented contact regions and high local contact stress.

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Ramaswamy, K., and P. Ramesh Babu. "Fracture analysis of composite pressure vessel using FEM." International Journal of Computational Materials Science and Engineering 10, no. 01 (2021): 2150003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2047684121500032.

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A finite element-based numerical method is applied to predict the possibility of propagation of existing delamination/patch in a filament wound composite pressure vessel in this work. Strain energy release rates (SERRs’) in the three principal modes are predicted along the circumference of delamination for two different load cases, i.e., internal pressure load when two diametrically opposite patches are existing in the nozzle end side dome portion, and combined load due to thrust and bending when a patch is located in the nozzle end side skirt region of the composite pressure vessel (CPV). The problem is modeled in ANSYS software and a three-dimensional finite element approach in association with virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) is used to analyze the fracture behavior of the CPV under two load cases as stated. In both the load cases, SERR is found to be maximum at the bottom side of the patch, Mode-I being dominant under pressure load, and Mode-II in axial load. Delamination growth is observed at 26.5% of applied pressure in Case-1 and 57.5% of axial load in Case-2. This fracture analysis approach can be extended to composite structural components in defense and aerospace applications.

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Tomaraee, Parviz, Aref Mardani, Arash Mohebbi, and Hamid Taghavifar. "Relationships among the contact patch length and width, the tire deflection and the rolling resistance of a free-running wheel in a soil bin facility." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 13, no. 2 (2015): e0211. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2015132-5245.

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<p>Qualitative and quantitative analysis of contact patch length-rolling resistance, contact patch width-rolling resistance and tire deflection-rolling resistance at different wheel load and inflation pressure levels is presented. The experiments were planned in a randomized block design and were conducted in the controlled conditions provided by a soil bin environment utilizing a well-equipped single wheel-tester of Urmia University, Iran. The image processing technique was used for determination of the contact patch length and contact patch width. Analysis of covariance was used to evaluate the correlations. The highest values of contact length and width and tire deflection occurred at the highest wheel load and lowest tire inflation pressure. Contact patch width is a polynomial (order 2) function of wheel load while there is a linear relationship between tire contact length and wheel load as well as between tire deflection and wheel load. Correlations were developed for the evaluation of contact patch length-rolling resistance, contact patch width-rolling resistance and tire deflection-rolling resistance. It is concluded that the variables studied have a significant effect on rolling resistance.</p>

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Just, T., T. Zehlicke, O. Specht, et al. "Detection of tympanic membrane movement using film patch with integrated strain gauge, assessed by optical coherence tomography: experimental study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 125, no. 5 (2011): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215110002859.

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AbstractObjective:We report an ex vivo and in vivo experimental study of a device designed to measure tympanic membrane movement under normal and pathological conditions, assessed using optical coherence tomography.Materials and methods:We designed two types of flexible, round film patch with integrated strain gauge, to be attached to the tympanic membrane in order to measure tympanic membrane movement. Tympanic membrane attachment was assessed using optical coherence tomography. The devices were tested experimentally using an ex vivo model with varying middle-ear pressure.Results:Optical coherence tomography reliably assessed attachment of the film patch to the tympanic membrane, before and after middle-ear pressure changes. Strain gauge voltage changes were directly proportional to middle-ear pressure recordings, for low pressure changes. Tympanic membrane perforations smaller than 2 mm could be sealed off with the film patch.Conclusion:Attachment of the film patch with integrated strain gauge to the tympanic membrane was not ideal. Nevertheless, the strain gauge was able to precisely detect small pressure changes within the middle ear, in this experimental model.

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Nguyen, Duc Tue, Gast Rauchs, and Jean Philippe Ponthot. "A Quadratic Contact Element Passing the Patch Test." Key Engineering Materials 681 (February 2016): 47–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.681.47.

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For the two dimensional contact modeling, the standard node-to-segment quadratic contact elements are known to exhibit oscillations of the contact pressure. This situation is particularly critical when using the penalty method with a high penalty parameter because the amplitude of the oscillations increase with increasing penalty parameter. The aim of this article is to present a method for removing the oscillations of contact pressure observed while using quadratic contact element. For this purpose, the nodal forces at the slave and at the master nodes need to be evaluated appropriately. One possibility is to develop a suitable procedure for computing the nodal forces. In that sake, we selected the approach first proposed in [35] in an appropriate manner. After presenting the improved quadratic contact element, some numerical examples are illustrated in this paper to comparethe standard quadratic node-to-segment element with the proposed element. The examples show that the proposed element can strongly reduce the oscillating contact pressure for both plane and curved contact surfaces.

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NAM, SO HEE. "Transdermal delivery of Risedronate using the pressure sensitive adhesive patch with various permeation enhancers." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 15, no. 6 (2025): 90–95. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v15i6.7195.

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Risedronate monosodium (RIS) is widely used for treating bone disorders. Although RIS is commonly available in the oral drug market, it has side effects such as gastrointestinal troubles, abdominal pain, and severe esophageal irritation. To address these issues associated with oral administration, a pressure-sensitive adhesive patch of RIS was developed for the transdermal delivery, and its penetration rate was evaluated using hairless mouse skin. To increase the permeation of RIS, diethylenetriamine (DETA) was used as a solubilizer and fatty acids were used as enhancers. The cumulative amount of RIS penetrating through the mouse skin using various fatty acids, such as lauric acid (LA), capric acid (C10), caprylic acid (C8), linoleic acid (LiA), and oleic acid (OA) in the patches, were 68.21 ± 17.71 μg, 2.25 ± 2.11 μg, 2.79 ± 0.79 μg, 38.86 ± 3.14 μg, and 41.76 ± 2.17 μg, respectively, compared to 3.38 ± 1.34 μg in the case of the RIS patch without an enhancer. The patch formulation with a weight ratio of 6:1:1 (pressure-sensitive adhesive Duro-Tak® 87-202A, 10% (w/w) RIS, and LA) showed the highest permeation efficiency, demonstrating the effectiveness of enhancers for the transdermal drug delivery patch of RIS Keywords: Risedronate, Transdermal delivery, pressure adhesive patch, enhancers, fatty acids.

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Xu, Chong, Wei Long, Da Qing Tian, and Si Jian Lin. "The Method of the Residual Life Prediction of Pressure Vessel Defect Based on Defect Failure Rate Inflection Point." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1905–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1905.

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The safety assessment of pressure vessel gets increasing attentions with the more extensive application. Taking the <safety assessment of pressure vessel with defect in service> as theoretical basis accomplished the failure simulation system. Completed the simulation of failure patch. Raised the new curve of failure patch. Achieved the simulation of failure rate and found the rate inflection point. And then work out the largest dimension change and the highest stress cycle times that allowed , based on the rate inflection point put forward a method of residual life calculation of pressure vessel and the definition of safety margin.

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Noblesse, Francis, Gérard Delhommeau, and Chi Yang. "Practical Evaluation of Steady Flow Resulting from a Free-Surface Pressure Patch." Journal of Ship Research 53, no. 03 (2009): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2009.53.3.137.

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The linearized potential flow resulting from a distribution of pressure that advances at constant speed along a straight path at the free surface of calm water, of effectively infinite depth and lateral extent, is considered. A practical method for evaluating the free-surface elevation caused by the moving free-surface pressure patch—which can be used to model steady flows of air-cushion vehicles, high-speed planing boats, surface-effect ships, and some types of hybrid ships—is given. The key ingredient of this method is a highly simplified analytical approximation to the local-flow component in the expression for the Green function associated with the classic Michell-Kelvin linearized free-surface boundary condition.

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Shin, Hwa Yong. "Recent update on epidural blood patch." Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 17, no. 1 (2022): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17085/apm.21113.

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Epidural blood patch (EBP) is the injection of autologous blood into the epidural space with the intent of sealing off a dural tear and stopping the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). EBP may cause an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) due to the mass effect of the injected blood volume, causing CSF from the spinal compartment to enter the intracranial compartment. EBP is usually considered in the management of moderate to severe headache (HA) attributed to low CSF pressure, such as post-dural puncture HA (PDPH), CSF fistula HA, and HA attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) that does not respond to conservative management. However, prophylactic administration of EBP after accidental dural puncture can hardly be substantiated at present. EBP is generally safe but may rarely be associated with serious complications. Therefore, it should be carefully planned and performed under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance. Although many studies on PDPH and SIH have been conducted until recently, only few reviews have summarized the effectiveness of EBP from the perspective of a pain physician. This article reviews the current literature on the indication, contraindication, procedural consideration, post-procedural management, outcomes, and complications of EBP and the considerations for EBP in patients with COVID-19.

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Guo, YanJie, QiuLin Tan, Fei Lu, GuoZhu Wu, and Lei Zhang. "A wireless passive pressure sensor based on aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna." Sensor Review 38, no. 2 (2018): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-05-2017-0076.

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Purpose This paper aims to present a novel wireless passive pressure sensor based on an aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna embedded with an air cavity for pressure measurement. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the sensitive membrane deformed when pressure was applied on the surface of the sensor and the relative permittivity of the mixed substrate changed, resulting in a change in the center frequency of the microstrip antenna. The size of the pressure sensor is determined by theoretical calculation and software simulation. Then, the sensor is fabricated separately as three layers using printed circuit board technology and glued together at last. The pressure test of the sensor is carried out in a sealed metal tank. Findings The extracted resonant frequency was found to monotonically shift from 2.219 to 1.974 GHz when the pressure varied from 0 to 300 kPa, leading to an average absolute sensitivity of 0.817 MHz/kPa. Research limitations/implications This pressure sensor proposed here is mainly to verify the feasibility of this wireless passive maneuvering structure, and when the base material of this structure is replaced with some high-temperature-resistant material, the sensor can be used to measure the pressure inside the aircraft engine. Originality/value The sensor structure proposed here can be used to test the pressure in a high-temperature environment when the base material is replaced with some high-temperature-resistant material.

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Bobylev, Dmitry, Mathias Wilhelmi, Skadi Lau, et al. "Pressure-compacted and spider silk–reinforced fibrin demonstrates sufficient biomechanical stability as cardiac patch in vitro." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 36, no. 6 (2021): 1126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08853282211046800.

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Objective: The generation of bio-/hemocompatible cardiovascular patches with sufficient stability and regenerative potential remains an unmet goal. Thus, the aim of this study was the generation and in vitro biomechanical evaluation of a novel cardiovascular patch composed of pressure-compacted fibrin with embedded spider silk cocoons. Methods: Fibrin-based patches were cast in a customized circular mold. One cocoon of Nephila odulis spider silk was embedded per patch during the casting process. After polymerization, the fibrin clot was compacted by 2 kg weight for 30 min resulting in thickness reduction from up to 2 cm to <1 mm. Tensile strength and burst pressure was determined after 0 weeks and 14 weeks of storage. A sewing strength test and a long-term load test were performed using a customized device to exert physiological pulsatile stretching of a silicon surface on which the patch had been sutured. Results: Fibrin patches resisted supraphysiological pressures of well over 2000 mmHg. Embedding of spider silk increased tensile force 1.8-fold and tensile strength 1.45-fold ( p < .001), resulting in a final strength of 1.07 MPa and increased sewing strength. Storage for 14 weeks decreased tensile strength, but not significantly and suturing properties of the spider silk patches were satisfactory. The long-term load test indicated that the patches were stable for 4 weeks although slight reduction in patch material was observed. Conclusion: The combination of compacted fibrin matrices and spider silk cocoons may represent a feasible concept to generate stable and biocompatible cardiovascular patches with regenerative potential.

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Odutayo, Ayodele, David Cherney, Judith Miller, et al. "Transdermal contraception and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in premenopausal women." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 308, no. 6 (2015): F535—F540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00602.2014.

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The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) through first-pass hepatic metabolism. Although usually benign, RAAS activation may have detrimental effects on renal and hemodynamic function in some women. Since combined hormonal contraception with the transdermal patch (EVRA) does not undergo first-pass hepatic metabolism, we hypothesized that the RAAS response would be different from that of OCP subjects. Thirty-five nonsmoking, premenopausal women (15 control subjects, 10 OCP subjects, and 10 contraceptive patch subjects) without evidence of cardiovascular disease, renal disease, or diabetes were studied. Baseline angiotensinogen, renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and plasma renin activity were assessed along with hormonal and hemodynamic responses to simulated orthostatic stress using incremental lower body negative pressure (LBNP; −15, −25, and −40 mmHg). Baseline levels of angiotensinogen, angiotensin II, and plasma renin activity were significantly higher in OCP subjects compared with normotensive control and contraceptive patch subjects ( P < 0.05), whereas aldosterone was significantly higher in OCP versus control subjects only ( P < 0.05). Plasma renin levels were significantly lower at baseline in contraceptive patch subjects compared with normotensive control and OCP subjects ( P < 0.05). In response to LBNP, increases in renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone were attenuated in contraceptive patch subjects in conjunction with an exaggerated decline in mean arterial pressure ( P < 0.05 vs. control and OCP subjects). The contraceptive patch in healthy premenopausal women is associated with an impaired ability to maintain blood pressure in response to LBNP, possibly due to insensitivity of the endogenous RAAS. Further evaluation may be beneficial in women with kidney disease.

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Kimitsuki, Takashi. "The effect of pressure on potassium currents in the inner hair cells isolated from guinea-pig cochlea." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 73, no. 4 (2013): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-2013-1956.

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An increase in hydrostatic pressure in the endolymphatic system causes hydrops-related inner ear diseases such as Meniere’s disease or low tone sensorineural hearing loss. In the present study, we investigated the effects of pressure exerted on potassium currents in acutely isolated inner hair cells of the guinea-pig cochlea using whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. By applying negative or positive pressure via the patch pipette using a syringe, intracellular hydropressure was changed between −40 cm H2O to +20 cm H2O. Negative pressure potentiated the amplitude of potassium currents, whereas positive pressure suppressed the amplitude of potassium currents. Gadolinium, a blocker of stretch-activated cation channels, did not influence pressure-dependent changes in potassium currents; however, cinnarizine blocked pressure-dependent changes in potassium currents. The current changes were not dependent on the sign of the pressure change, that is, similar increases in negative pressures (between −10 cm H2O and −40 cm H2O) and similar decreases in positive pressures (between +10 cm H2O and +20 cm H2O) were observed.

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Araki, Kanta, Shigeru Miyagawa, Takuji Kawamura, et al. "Autologous skeletal myoblast patch implantation prevents the deterioration of myocardial ischemia and right heart dysfunction in a pressure-overloaded right heart porcine model." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0247381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247381.

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Right ventricular dysfunction is a predictor for worse outcomes in patients with congenital heart disease. Myocardial ischemia is primarily associated with right ventricular dysfunction in patients with congenital heart disease and may be a therapeutic target for right ventricular dysfunction. Previously, autologous skeletal myoblast patch therapy showed an angiogenic effect for left ventricular dysfunction through cytokine paracrine effects; however, its efficacy in right ventricular dysfunction has not been evaluated. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the angiogenic effect of autologous skeletal myoblast patch therapy and amelioration of metabolic and functional dysfunction, in a pressure-overloaded right heart porcine model. Pulmonary artery stenosis was induced by a vascular occluder in minipigs; after two months, autologous skeletal myoblast patch implantation on the right ventricular free wall was performed (n = 6). The control minipigs underwent a sham operation (n = 6). The autologous skeletal myoblast patch therapy alleviated right ventricular dilatation and ameliorated right ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction. 11C-acetate kinetic analysis using positron emission tomography showed improvement in myocardial oxidative metabolism and myocardial flow reserve after cell patch implantation. On histopathology, a higher capillary density and vascular maturity with reduction of myocardial ischemia were observed after patch implantation. Furthermore, analysis of mRNA expression revealed that the angiogenic markers were upregulated, and ischemic markers were downregulated after patch implantation. Thus, autologous skeletal myoblast patch therapy ameliorated metabolic and functional dysfunction in a pressure-overloaded right heart porcine model, by alleviating myocardial ischemia through angiogenesis.

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Abdul Rahman, Noor Leha. "Hydrostatic Pressure Analysis of Yarn Composites Patch for PVC Pipes." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 22, no. 1 (2025): 68–78. https://doi.org/10.24191/jmeche.v22i1.2921.

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The globally high-demand pipeline is prone to operational issues that can be mitigated using composite materials. Damage and cracks in the pipe can lead to structural weakening, leaks, and reduced functionality. This research aims to determine the adhesion strength of polyvinyl (PV) resin through lap joint testing, assess the burst pressure of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes via hydrostatic pressure testing, and evaluate the impact of various wrapping materials on the maximum hydrostatic pressure of damaged PVC pipes. The PVC pipe was introduced to a 20 mm hole diameter as a defect and then patched with woven basalt fiber. The yarn-commingled fiber mat was wrapped onto the PVC pipe surface using the hand lay-up and vacuum bagging methods. Various materials with the same stacking lay-up layer and different fiber orientations were used in this study. Hydrostatic pressure testing on the PVC pipe showed that the bare pipe (unwrapped) can withstand up to 1.5 MPa before failing. For reference materials in the woven fiber type, the highest maximum pressure achieved was approximately 2.03 MPa using the glass chopped strain mat (CSM) and woven fiber for the wrapping system. Among the commingled fiber systems, the basalt (B/B) commingled fiber demonstrated the highest maximum hydrostatic pressure of about 1.86 MPa, with a maximum hoop stress of 26.5 MPa and a strain of 1.37%. This research demonstrates that using composite materials, particularly glass chopped strain mat (CSM), woven fibers, and basalt commingled fibers, significantly enhances the structural performance of damaged PVC pipelines compared to untreated pipes. These findings provide valuable insights into the effective design and selection of fiber composite materials for pipeline repairs, offering durable and innovative solutions to mitigate operational issues in highdemand pipeline systems.

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Hashiguchi, Takehito, Mikihito Hirohata, and Károly Jármai. "An Investigation on the Features of Deformation and Residual Stress Generated by Patch Welding with Different Plate Sizes." Processes 10, no. 7 (2022): 1312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10071312.

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Welding is widely used to manufacture and repair steel structures such as piping and pressure vessels. Welding induces deformation and residual stress, which influences the mechanical performance of the structural members. Noting patch welding, which is applied to repair steel structures, a series of patch welding experiments and numerical analyses were carried out. The features of out-of-plane deformation and residual stress by patch welding were examined by changing the patch size. The out-of-plane deformation showed different modes in the patch joints. The magnitude of the out-of-plane deformation depended on the patch size. The tensile residual stress at the weld toe increased with the enlargement of the patch size. The costs for the different sizes of patch welding were estimated for choosing the patch size reasonably. The patch size should be determined by considering the mechanical influences of welding and the economic viewpoints of the welding process.

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Shavalipour, Aghil, and Ramin Karimi. "Parametric Investigation of Repairing Cracked Pressure Vessel Using Composite Patch." Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 12, no. 4 (2019): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/jestr.124.17.

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Abdelouahed, Elamine, H. Benzaama, M. Mokhtari, and B. Aour. "Pipeline repair by composite patch under temperature and Pressure loading." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 13, no. 49 (2019): 690–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.49.62.

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IMANISHI, Kyoko, Keisuke MORITA, Mie MATSUOKA, et al. "Prevention of postoperative pressure ulcers by a polyurethane film patch." Journal of Dermatology 33, no. 3 (2006): 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1346-8138.2006.00057.x.

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Katayama, Yuta, Yuta Fujioka, and Kosuke Tsukada. "Development of a Patch-Type Flexible Oxygen Partial Pressure Sensor." IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine 8 (2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jtehm.2020.3005477.

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Hashizume, Akihiro, Tomohiko Usui, Seiichi Yokoo, et al. "Intraocular Pressure Measurement Over Amniotic Membrane Patch in Human Subjects." Cornea 24, no. 8 (2005): 925–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ico.0000160968.73577.ml.

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Schroeder, Robert E., and James D. Parrish. "Resilience of predators to fishing pressure on coral patch reefs." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 321, no. 2 (2005): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.01.007.

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Farhadi, Sirwan, and Shahrokh Hosseini-Hashemi. "Effect of a Bonded Patch on Aeroelastic Behavior of Cantilevered Plates." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2010 (2010): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/357642.

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In recent years, many researchers have studied vibration suppression of fluttering plates using piezoelectric actuators. Lots of these researchers have focused on optimal placement of piezoelectric patches to obtain maximum controllability. Although mass and stiffness characteristics of bonded patches can alter aeroelastic behavior of fluttering plates, few of them considered the effect of the mentioned parameters in optimization process. This paper investigates effect of a bonded patch on aeroelastic behavior of cantilevered plates in supersonic flow. For this purpose, critical dynamic pressure and limit-cycle oscillations of the system are studied. Von Karman plate theory along with first order piston theory is employed for mathematical simulation of the system. Obtained results reveal that a bonded patch with a small mass ratio can change the system critical dynamic pressure significantly, where the main part of the variations is resulted from the added mass of the bonded patch. The maximum raise of dynamic pressure is acquired when the patch is placed on the plate’s leading edge. The results show that mass and stiffness characteristics of bonded piezoelectric patches can have a great impact on aeroelastic performance of fluttering plates. Therefore, these parameters must be considered as effective factors for optimal placement of piezo-actuators.

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Roy, Mickaela, Stephane Welschbillig, Marie Cantier, Dorian Chauvet, Pierre Bourdillon, and Nicolas Engrand. "Rescue Epidural Saline Patch for Comatose Patients With Refractory Convexity Spontaneous Subacute Subdural Hematoma." Neurology: Clinical Practice 13, no. 2 (2023): e200137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/cpj.0000000000200137.

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ObjectivesConvexity spontaneous subacute subdural hematoma (CSSSH) frequently relapse after one or more surgical drainages. This may be due to spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), for which the gold standard treatment is the epidural blood patch. In this study, we report 4 cases of refractory CSSSH treated with rescue epidural saline patch, although history and imaging studies showed no evidence of SIH.MethodsAll 4 patients received a lumbar saline epidural rescue patch for consciousness impairment associated with refractory CSSSH, and one is particularly detailed. No patient had typical radiologic signs of SIH or, on the contrary, uncal herniation that could have indicated intracranial hypertension.ResultsThe Glasgow Coma Scale score improved significantly in the days after application of the epidural patch in 3 patients. All patients showed an improvement of the CT scan. Two patients underwent lumbar pressure measurement to confirm low values before the epidural injection, and for one, the intrathecal pressure profile during epidural patching is presented.DiscussionAn epidural patch may be considered in managing CSSSH with no uncal herniation, even in the absence of signs of SIH on brain and spinal imaging. Whether it should be combined with surgical evacuation or used as first-line therapy remains to be determined.

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Weil, Lawrence. "Transforaminal Epidural Blood Patch." July 2007 4;10, no. 7;4 (2007): 579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2007/10/579.

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Spinal headache is an occasional, but painful complication of epidural injection procedures due to dural puncture that allows leakage of CSF from the thecal sac, thereby reducing intracranial pressure. In the event of failure of conservative management, (e.g. abdominal binder, fluids, acetaminophen), an epidural blood patch is often used. This case report describes a patient with spinal headache after a transforaminal selective epidural injection in a post laminectomy patient that was treated with a transforaminal epidural blood patch after the failure of conservative management. The patient underwent left transforaminal epidural injections at L5 and S1 for management of chronic low back pain secondary to post laminectomy syndrome. Three days later, the patient presented with a severe post lumbar puncture headache and failed to respond to conservative management. Interlaminar epidural approach for blood patch was not feasible secondary to prior laminectomy. Transforaminal epidural blood patch was performed utilizing 2 mL of autologous blood at each of the two sites. The patient recovered well without headache. In cases, with inability to perform interlaminar blood patch, a transforaminal approach may be considered. Key words: blood patch, epidural, spinal headache, transforaminal

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Xie, Nan, and Dracos Vassalos. "A study of hydrodynamics of planing flat catamaran and prismatic hulls." International Shipbuilding Progress 58, no. 2-3 (2011): 115–39. https://doi.org/10.3233/isp-2011-0072.

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A numerical investigation of hydrodynamic force and pressure distribution for planing hull has been carried out. The problem is solved by using a pressure patch distribution method. The method is based on potential flow theory and with a linearised free surface boundary condition. In some of the previous studies, it was found that the inversed pressure distribution on the planing hull will be oscillating, i.e., a numerical instability problem occurred. In the present study, a robust numerical approach was adopted to calculate the elementary solution of a pressure patch moving on the free surface. The numerical approach is applied to flat plate, flat plate catamaran and prismatic planing hulls. No numerical instability has been found for the predicted pressure distribution on the planing hulls. The predicted results are compared with those of other published numerical calculations and model tests, a fairly good agreement has been found.

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Sackin, H. "Stretch-activated potassium channels in renal proximal tubule." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 253, no. 6 (1987): F1253—F1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1987.253.6.f1253.

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A short open-time potassium (K) channel that has previously been identified in the basolateral membrane of Necturus proximal tubule (17) is activated by membrane stretch. Application of between 12 and 20 cmH2O negative pressure to the patch pipette reversibly increases mean number of open basolateral K channels (NP0) by a factor of 5.3 +/- 2 in cell-attached patches (n = 4) and a factor of 13.7 +/- 5 in excised patches (n = 8). This stretch activation does not alter channel selectivity or conductance and depends on neither the direction of K current nor the orientation of the patch ("inside-out" vs. "outside-out"). The increase in NP0 occurs within seconds after applying negative pressure to the patch and is proportional to applied negative pressure. Stretch activation of the basolateral potassium channel may play an important role in proximal tubule cell volume regulation. For example, if swelling stretches the basolateral membrane, the resulting increase in NP0 could restore cell volume by loss of K (with an accompanying anion) followed by osmotic exit of water.

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Zhu, Hai Chao, Zhi Min Chen, Xiang Hua Du, and Rong Fu Mao. "Research on Patch Near-Field Acoustic Holography." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.196.

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Support vector regression is used to establish a kind of patch near-field acoustic holography. The regression functions are constructed by treating the measured data on the patch holography as training samples, and then the data outside the measurement aperture are extrapolated. The experimental results show that the extrapolation of the sound pressure outside the smaller initial hologram aperture may be realized easily and effectively, and the reconstruction accuracy is satisfactory.

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Choi, So Youn, Minjung Seong, Eung Yeop Kim, et al. "Outcome of epidural blood patch for imaging-negative spontaneous intracranial hypotension." Cephalalgia 43, no. 2 (2023): 033310242211404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03331024221140471.

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Background Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is diagnosed by an abnormal finding in brain MRI, spinal imaging, or lumbar puncture. However, the sensitivity of each test is low. We investigated whether patients with suspected spontaneous intracranial hypotension and negative imaging findings would respond to epidural blood patch. Methods We prospectively recruited patients with new-onset orthostatic headache admitted at the Samsung Medical Center from January 2017 to July 2021. In patients without abnormal imaging findings and no history of prior epidural blood patch, treatment outcome—defined as both 50% response in maximal headache intensity and improvement of orthostatic component—was collected at discharge and three months after epidural blood patch. Results We included 21 treatment-naïve patients with orthostatic headache and negative brain and spinal imaging results who received epidural blood patch. After epidural blood patch (mean 1.3 times, range 1–3), 14 (66.7%) and 19 (90.5%) patients achieved both 50% response and improvement of orthostatic component at discharge and three months post-treatment, respectively. Additionally, complete remission was reported in 11 (52.4%) patients at three-month follow-up, while most of the remaining patients had only mild headaches. Among nine (42.9%) patients who underwent lumbar puncture, none had an abnormally low opening pressure (median 13.8 cm H2O, range 9.2–21.5). Conclusion Given the high responder rates of epidural blood patch in our study, empirical epidural blood patch should be considered to treat new-onset orthostatic headache, even when brain and spinal imaging are negative. The necessity of lumbar puncture is questionable considering the high response rate of epidural blood patch and low rate of “low pressure.”

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Patil, Onkar B., Swarupa N. Shirke, Arehalli S. Manjappa, Popat S. Kumbhar, and John I. Disouza. "Pressure sensitive adhesives in transdermal drug delivery system." Chemical and Environmental Science Archives 02, no. 03 (2022): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47587/cesa.2022.2301.

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are used to transfer medicines into the systemic circulation through the skin. (Trans)dermal patches are well-known pharmacological formulations that are applied to the skin’s surface for a variety of reasons, ranging from treating cutaneous diseases to achieving a systemic impact. Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) devices rely heavily on adhesives. In addition to the normal functional adhesive qualities, adhesives for TDD applications must be biocompatible with the skin, chemically compatible with the medication, and enable consistent, efficient drug administration. One of the most important components of a TDDS is the pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA). PSA’s primary role is to aid patch adherence to the skin, but it also serves as a matrix for the medication and other excipients. As a result, PSA impacts other important quality aspects of the TDDS, such as drug distribution, flux through skin, and physical and chemical stability of the completed product, in addition to patch adherence. This article addresses transdermal drug delivery systems, their benefits and drawbacks, and their uses in pharmaceuticals, as well as providing detailed information on pressure sensitive adhesives.

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Murtadha Mohammed Mahdi, Sadik Kamel Gharghan, Saleem Lateef Mohammed, and Ibrahim Amer Ibrahim. "Smart Patch for Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring in Epileptic Seizure Patients via the Sole." Journal of Techniques 6, no. 1 (2024): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i1.1624.

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Epileptic seizures can cause sudden blood pressure changes, requiring continuous monitoring. However, traditional blood pressure monitoring methods are often invasive and uncomfortable for the patient. In addition, it is difficult to measure blood pressure during seizures. This research aims to design a non-invasive, comfortable device to monitor blood pressure during epileptic seizures continuously. Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals from the sole of the patient's foot were used to extract blood pressure data. A smart patch was designed to be worn comfortably on foot for continuous monitoring during seizures. The results show that the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure errors were 2.838 and 4.494 mmHg during epileptic seizures, respectively. These blood pressure changes could be related to the onset of seizures, suggesting that the device and methodology could be combined with other measures to analyze and predict seizure activity. This research offers a non-invasive and comfortable solution for continuous blood pressure monitoring during seizures, which may affect seizure prediction and management.

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Rane, Shashank, Vaishali Shende, Vijay Shetty, and Rajesh Benny. "Rebound Intracranial hypertension: A Complication of Epidural Blood Patch as Treatment for Intracranial Hypotension." Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia 8, no. 3 (2021): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.8321.59.

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Rebound intracranial hypertension is a known complication of epidural blood patch. An elderly male presented with nausea, vomiting and poor GCS. The MRI brain showed subdural haematoma with sagging of brain matter suggestive of intracranial hypotension secondary to CSF leak resulting from multiple recent sessions of intrathecal chemotherapy. The patient underwent a lumbar epidural blood patch followed by burr hole procedure under general anaesthesia. The patient had a brief period of complete improvement and subsequently reintubated as his GCS deteriorated. The MRI brain shows mild dilatation of ventricles. The diagnostic lumbar puncture showed a high opening pressure confirming the diagnosis of Intracranial Hypertension. The patient completely resolved symptomatically with oral acetazolamide. Conclusion: Anaesthesiologists must be aware about this condition and efforts at adequate monitoring to detect Intra Cranial Hypertension after an Epidural Blood Patch. Keywords: Epidural blood patch; Rebound intracranial hypertension; Intracranial hypotension.

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Sta. Agueda, J. R., J. Lim, J. M. Mondragon, et al. "Rapid prototyping of a temperature, humidity, and pressure monitor electronic layer for Pressure Ulcer wound patch." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2071, no. 1 (2021): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2071/1/012024.

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Abstract Pressure ulcer is a result of relieving pressure from skin or underlying tissues, causing localized injuries. In this study, a prototype of an electronic monitoring layer that can be placed on top of the wound patch is designed. The electronic layer is comprised of four force-sensitive pressure sensors, and an integrated temperature and humidity sensor to monitor the activities surrounding the wound site. In the simulated wound bed experiments, the results indicated that the utilization of the Bosch BME280 I2C module, when placed on top of a gauze pad, can deliver accurate and real-time monitoring of the temperature and humidity values. Furthermore, the force-sensitive resistors (FSR) installed can be utilized to detect external pressure beyond the set allowable force applied of 32 mmHg or 700g. Therefore, the electronic layer assembled from commercially available sensors can be used to monitor temperature and humidity while being able to detect externally applied pressure in real-time. However, improvements in the size and flexibility of the electronic layer are necessary to reduce the discomfort that patients suffering from pressure ulcers will experience.

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Wan-Ting, Chia, and Lin Chung-Ren. "The Optimal Volume of Epidural Blood Patch in Treating Post-Dural Puncture Headache: a Mini-Review." Journal of Health and Medical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2020): 64–67. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.03.01.98.

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Post-dural puncture headache is the major morbidity after intentional or unintentional dural puncture procedure, with CSF leakage and subsequent decrease intracranial pressure. An autologous epidural blood patch remains the most effective treatment and the option after failure of conservative treatment. The optimal blood volume of the epidural blood patch remains indeterminate, range from 5 to 30 mL. This mini-review aimed to review current evidence and literature of the blood volume injected into epidural space with the highest success rate, low repeated epidural blood patch procedure, and low complication rate.

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Ichihara, Yuki, Toshiharu Shinoka, Goki Matsumura, Yoshito Ikada, and Kenji Yamazaki. "A new tissue-engineered biodegradable surgical patch for high-pressure systems." Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 20, no. 6 (2015): 768–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivv017.

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Noh, S., C. Yoon, E. Hyun, et al. "Ferroelectret film‐based patch‐type sensor for continuous blood pressure monitoring." Electronics Letters 50, no. 3 (2014): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2013.3715.

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Wu, Xiaohua, Lu Ting Li, and Matthew St. Hilaire. "Migration of a turbulent patch through a high-pressure turbine cascade." Physics of Fluids 21, no. 2 (2009): 025110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3081564.

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