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Journal articles on the topic 'Pressures'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Kindgen-Milles, D., A. Gabriel, R. Buhl, H. Böhner, and E. Müller. "Nasal continuous positive airway pressure: do mask pressures reliably reflect intratracheal pressures?" Critical Care 3, Suppl 1 (1999): P021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc396.

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2

Zhou, Yang, Shuanghui Hao, and Minghui Hao. "A two-dimensional numerical analysis of a circular-arc gear pump operating at high pressures and high speeds." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 231, no. 3 (2015): 432–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408915602625.

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This paper examines the flow field of a circular-arc gear pump operating at high pressures and high speeds by the commercial finite-volume-based code Fluent. The performance of circular-arc gear pump operating at high pressures and high speeds have been discussed. The mathematical model of the tooth profile is established. The pressures including gears mesh, outlet pressures, and outlet flow rate are studied under different rated outlet pressures and rotational speeds. There are dynamic pressures at clearance between chamber and tip circle of gear. Moreover, parts of radial leakages are preven

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3

Gravlee, G. P., S. D. Brauer, M. F. O'Rourke, and A. P. Avolio. "A Comparison of Brachial, Femoral, and Aortic Intra-Arterial Pressures before and after Cardiopulmonary Bypass." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 17, no. 3 (1989): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x8901700311.

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Following recent evidence that brachial and femoral artery pressures are more reliable than radial artery pressures after cardiopulmonary bypass, thirty-one adults had simultaneous pre and post-bypass measurements of brachial, femoral, and ascending aortic pressures. Two minutes after cardiopulmonary bypass, brachial artery systolic pressure and mean arterial pressure fell significantly below corresponding pressures in the femoral artery and aorta. Five minutes after cardiopulmonary bypass, only brachial artery systolic pressure was still less than femoral and aortic systolic pressures. By ten

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4

Mendelowitz, D., and A. M. Scher. "Pulsatile pressure can prevent rapid baroreflex resetting." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 258, no. 1 (1990): H92—H100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.1.h92.

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In a previous study [Am. J. Physiol. 255 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 24): H673-H678, 1988] we demonstrated that baroreflex responses decay (reset) to increased static sinus pressures, but with increased pulsatile pressure, responses are maintained. To determine more conclusively whether pulsatile pressure prevents rapid baroreflex resetting in this study we examined resetting as shifts of the baroreflex (sinus pressure-arterial pressure) curve. In seven anesthesized rabbits the left sinus was vascularly isolated and conditioned for 5 min to static or pulsatile pressures of 60, 100, or 140 mmHg mean

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5

Wheeler, Abigail, Shanti Farrington, Fay Sweeting, Amy Brown, and Andrew Mayers. "Perceived Pressures and Mental Health of Breastfeeding Mothers: A Qualitative Descriptive Study." Healthcare 12, no. 17 (2024): 1794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171794.

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When a mother is supported to breastfeed, the benefits for her mental health are significant. However, if pressured or unsupported, the opposite is true. This research examines mothers’ breastfeeding experiences, exploring how perceived pressure can impact perinatal mental health. A sample of 501 respondents to a research questionnaire was explored using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Three main themes identified were perceived pressure to breastfeed, perceived pressure not to breastfeed and mental health impact. The main findings were that mothers received conflicting advice from healthcare pro

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6

Fixler, David E., W. Pennock Laird, and Kent Dana. "Usefulness of Exercise Stress Testing for Prediction of Blood Pressure Trends." Pediatrics 75, no. 6 (1985): 1071–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.75.6.1071.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether values of blood pressure during exercise help predict which adolescents are prone to maintain high blood pressure. Dynamic and isometric exercise stress tests were performed on 131 adolescents who had had systolic or diastolic pressures greater than the 95th percentile on three examinations the previous year. Follow-up blood pressures were measured 1 year after the stress testing, and outcomes were classified on the basis of the blood pressure status that year. Stepwise regression analysis was used to examine the association between earlier bl

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7

Fike, C. D., and S. J. Lai-Fook. "Effect of airway and left atrial pressures on microcirculation of newborn lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 69, no. 3 (1990): 1063–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.69.3.1063.

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To determine the effect of lung inflation and left atrial pressure on the hydrostatic pressure gradient for fluid flux across 20- to 60-microns-diam venules, we isolated and perfused the lungs from newborn rabbits, 7-14 days old. We used the micropuncture technique to measure venular pressures in some lungs and perivenular interstitial pressures in other lungs. For all lungs, we first measured venular or interstitial pressures at a constant airway pressure of 5 or 15 cmH2O with left atrial pressure greater than airway pressure (zone 3). For most lungs, we continued to measure venular or inters

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8

Glucksberg, M. R., and J. Bhattacharya. "Effect of alveolar and pleural pressures on interstitial pressures in isolated dog lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 70, no. 2 (1991): 914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.70.2.914.

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We report the first direct measurements of perialveolar interstitial pressures in lungs inflated with negative pleural pressure. In eight experiments, we varied surrounding (pleural) pressure in a dog lung lobe to maintain constant inflation with either positive alveolar and ambient atmospheric pleural pressures (positive inflation) or ambient atmospheric alveolar and negative pleural pressures (negative inflation). Throughout, vascular pressure was approximately 4 cmH2O above pleural pressure. By the micropuncture servo-null technique we recorded interstitial pressures at alveolar junctions (

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9

Ruth, P. J. van, R. R. Hillis, and R. E. Swarbrick. "DETECTING OVERPRESSURE USING POROSITY-BASED TECHNIQUES IN THE CARNARVON BASIN, AUSTRALIA." APPEA Journal 42, no. 1 (2002): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj01032.

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Overpressure has been encountered in many wells drilled in the Carnarvon Basin. Sonic logs are used to estimate pore pressure in shales in the Carnarvon Basin using the Eaton and equivalent depth methods of estimating pore pressure from velocity data with reference to a normal compaction trend. The crux of pore pressure estimation from the sonic log lies in the determination of the normal compaction trend, i.e. the acoustic travel time (Δt)/depth (z) trend for normally pressured sediments. The normal compaction trend for shales in the Carnarvon Basin was established by fitting an Athy-type exp

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10

Fike, C. D., S. J. Lai-Fook, and R. D. Bland. "Alveolar liquid pressures in newborn and adult rabbit lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 4 (1988): 1629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.4.1629.

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To study the effects of lung maturation and inflation on alveolar liquid pressures, we isolated lungs from adult and newborn rabbit pups (1-11 days old). We used the micropuncture technique to measure alveolar liquid pressure at several transpulmonary pressures on lung deflation. Alveolar liquid pressure was greater than pleural pressure but less than airway pressure at all transpulmonary pressures. Alveolar liquid pressure decreased further below airway pressure with lung inflation. At high transpulmonary pressure, alveolar liquid pressure was less in newborn than in adult lungs. To study the

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11

Varan, Nilufer Yildiz. "Wireless pressure sensors for pressure garments treated with chitosan." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 29, no. 5 (2017): 732–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-12-2016-0136.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of chitosan treatments on exerted pressures of nylon 6.6/elastane pressure garments in three different knit structures using wireless pressure sensors for an accurate and a precise scar management for future designs. Design/methodology/approach Pressure garments designed in different structures consist of 70/30 and 75/25 nylon 6.6/elastane were treated with chitosan and the exerted pressures were analyzed using wireless pressure sensors including ultra-thin and flexible printed circuit sensors in comparison with untreated control samp

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12

Salem, M. Ramez, Keith W. Bruninga, Jyothi Dodlapatii, and Ninos J. Joseph. "Metoclopramide Does Not Attenuate Cricoid Pressure–induced Relaxation of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter in Awake Volunteers." Anesthesiology 109, no. 5 (2008): 806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e31818a37dc.

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Background The authors examined the influence of metoclopramide on cricoid pressure-induced relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in awake human volunteers. Methods With local institutional review board approval, measurements of LES and intragastric pressures were made in 10 consenting volunteers before cricoid pressure application, during 15 s of cricoid pressure application, and after release of cricoid pressure. The measurements were repeated after 0.15 mg/kg intravenous metoclopramide. Cricoid pressure was applied by one investigator trained to consistently apply a force of 44

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13

Aldea, G. S., H. Mori, W. K. Husseini, R. E. Austin, and J. I. E. Hoffman. "Effects of increased pressure inside or outside ventricles on total and regional myocardial blood flow." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 279, no. 6 (2000): H2927—H2938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.6.h2927.

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Increasing pressures to 30 mmHg in right (RV) and left (LV) ventricles and surrounding heart (SH) in isolated, arrested, maximally vasodilated, blood-perfused dog hearts shifted pressure-flow (PF) curves rightward and increased zero flow pressure (Pzf) by an amount equal to the RV applied pressure, SH applied pressure, or two-thirds of the LV applied pressure. There were comparable increases in coronary venous pressures. Increasing LV or SH pressures decreased coronary blood flows, especially in the subendocardium. Decreases in driving pressure decreased flows in all layers, but even with driv

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14

Panthee, Suman. "Vertical and Horizontal Support Pressure Along The Kulekhani Iii Hep Tunnel Alignment, Nepal." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 21, no. 1 (2016): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v21i1.16062.

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Support pressure obtained in tunnel is considered as stresses for applied support. Therefore, estimation of support pressure in tunnel is important task for tunnel support design. Several equations are proposed to estimate support pressures. In this study, Barton equation was used for estimation support pressures along the tunnel of Kulekhani III HEP. The calculated support pressures were highly dependent on Q value and joint characteristics. Vertical and horizontal support pressures in the Marble and Quartzite followed the pattern as followed by Q but for other rocks support pressures were no

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15

Song, Zhixiang, and Junwen Zhang. "Progressive failure mechanical behaviour and response characteristics of sandstone under stress-seepage coupling." Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 18, no. 2 (2021): 200–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jge/gxab008.

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Abstract Conventional triaxial loading tests with different confining pressures and stress-seepage coupling tests on sandstone with different confining pressures and seepage pressures were conducted. A permeability model considering strength and strain was established, which better characterized the progressive deformation mechanical behaviour of sandstone under stress-seepage coupling. The results showed the following. (i) The confining pressure not only affects the peak strength of sandstone but also affects the axial deformation under conventional triaxial loading conditions. (ii) Compared

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16

VERSI, E., LINDA CARDOZO, and D. J. COOPER. "Urethral Pressures: Analysis of Transmission Pressure Ratios." British Journal of Urology 68, no. 3 (1991): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410x.1991.tb15320.x.

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17

Dunstan, D. J., N. W. A. Van Uden, and G. J. Ackland. "High Pressure Instrumentation: Low and Negative Pressures." High Pressure Research 22, no. 3-4 (2002): 773–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08957950212441.

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18

Klonner, Moriz Ettore, Giorgio Mattaliano, Vincenzo Casoria, Claus Vogl, and Christina Braun. "Disposable Airway Pressure Manometers for Endotracheal Tube Cuff Inflation." Animals 13, no. 3 (2023): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13030475.

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This study aimed to assess the performance, accuracy, precision and repeatability of two single-use airway pressure manometers as a cost-effective alternative for inflation of endotracheal tubes with high-volume, low-pressure cuffs. The manometers were tested in a bench top model against a U-tube manometer. Eighteen units of each device were tested. Three consecutive measurements were performed at pressures of 20, 25 and 30 cmH2O each. The mean ± SD of the recorded pressures and maximum deviation from the target pressures were calculated for each device and each target pressure. For device A,

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19

Holcombe, Susan J., Frederik J. Derksen, John A. Stick, N. Edward Robinson, and Deborah A. Boehier. "Effect of nasal occlusion on tracheal and pharyngeal pressures in horses." American Journal of Veterinary Research 57, no. 9 (1996): 1258–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1996.57.09.1258.

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Abstract Objective To compare tracheal and pharyngeal inspiratory and expiratory pressures achieved during 60 seconds of nasal occlusion in standing horses with pressures achieved in horses during intense exercise. Animals 5 Standardbreds. Procedure Tracheal and pharyngeal inspiratory and expiratory pressures were obtained from 5 horses during 60 seconds of nasal occlusion and compared with tracheal and pharyngeal pressures achieved during incremental treadmill exercise tests in which horses ran at 50, 75, and 100% of the speed that resulted in maximal heart rate ( HRmax) Results Significant d

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20

Eisenhoffer, J., R. M. Elias, and M. G. Johnston. "Effect of outflow pressure on lymphatic pumping in vitro." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 265, no. 1 (1993): R97—R102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1993.265.1.r97.

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The objective of this study was to determine how lymphatic vessels responded to outflow pressure changes in vitro. Bovine mesenteric lymphatics were suspended in an organ bath preparation with both inflow and outflow ends cannulated. Input to the duct was provided from a reservoir filled with Krebs solution. To initiate pumping, a transmural pressure was applied to the ducts by elevating the fluid reservoir and outflow catheters and making their heights equal to one another. The outflow catheter was then elevated above the liquid in the reservoir in 2-cmH2O increments, and pumping activity was

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21

Wang, Xiao Fei, and Yang Ping Wang. "The Conventional Triaxial Compressive Test of Plain Reactive Powder Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (October 2014): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.401.

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Through the conventional triaxial test about plain reactive powder concrete under different confining pressures at 0Mpa, 25 Mpa,50 Mpa and 75 Mpa, this paper obtained the stress-strain curves in axial direction and radial direction of plain reactive powder concrete under different confining pressures, compared and analyzed the effects of confining pressures on peak strength, peak strain, Elastic modulus, Poisson ratio and failure modes of plain reactive power concrete also. The results showed that peak strength increases with the increase of confining pressure, when confining pressure increase

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22

Dave, Jaydev K., Valgerdur G. Halldorsdottir, John R. Eisenbrey, et al. "Subharmonic microbubble emissions for noninvasively tracking right ventricular pressures." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 303, no. 1 (2012): H126—H132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00560.2011.

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Right heart catheterization is often required to monitor intra-cardiac pressures in a number of disease states. Ultrasound contrast agents can produce pressure modulated subharmonic emissions that may be used to estimate right ventricular (RV) pressures. A technique based on subharmonic acoustic emissions from ultrasound contrast agents to track RV pressures noninvasively has been developed and its clinical potential evaluated. The subharmonic signals were obtained from the aorta, RV, and right atrium (RA) of five anesthetized closed-chest mongrel dogs using a SonixRP ultrasound scanner and PA

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23

Mousavi, Seyed Nasrollah, Renato Steinke Júnior, Eder Daniel Teixeira, et al. "Predictive Modeling the Free Hydraulic Jumps Pressure through Advanced Statistical Methods." Mathematics 8, no. 3 (2020): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8030323.

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Pressure fluctuations beneath hydraulic jumps potentially endanger the stability of stilling basins. This paper deals with the mathematical modeling of the results of laboratory-scale experiments to estimate the extreme pressures. Experiments were carried out on a smooth stilling basin underneath free hydraulic jumps downstream of an Ogee spillway. From the probability distribution of measured instantaneous pressures, pressures with different probabilities could be determined. It was verified that maximum pressure fluctuations, and the negative pressures, are located at the positions near the

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Take, W. A., and A. J. Valsangkar. "Earth pressures on unyielding retaining walls of narrow backfill width." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 38, no. 6 (2001): 1220–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t01-063.

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Arching theory predicts a significant reduction in earth pressures behind retaining walls of narrow backfill width. An extensive series of centrifuge tests has been performed to evaluate the use of flexible subminiature pressure cells in the centrifuge environment and their subsequent use to measure lateral earth pressures behind retaining walls of narrow backfill width. Although the flexible earth pressure cells exhibit hysteresis and nonlinear calibration behaviour, the extensive calibration studies indicate that stiff diaphragm type earth pressure cells may be used with replicate models to

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Chaves, Paula, Daniela Simões, Maria Paço, Francisco Pinho, José Alberto Duarte, and Fernando Ribeiro. "Pressure Applied during Deep Friction Massage: Characterization and Relationship with Time of Onset of Analgesia." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (2020): 2705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082705.

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This study aims to determine if a dose–response relationship exists between the pressure applied during deep friction massage (DFM) and the time to the onset of analgesia in an asymptomatic patellar tendon. For this purpose, pressures applied by physiotherapists during DFM (study 1) were characterized and then, based on these pressures, the effects of different DFM pressures on the time to the onset of analgesia were assessed (study 2). First, the mean pressure applied by 40 physiotherapists during a DFM session was assessed with a pressure sensor through an observational, cross-sectional and

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Farshad, Mazda, Jana Felicitas Schader, Alexandra Stauffer, et al. "Intra-, Epidural And Intracranial Pressure Changes During Interlaminar Endoscopy, With and Without Dural Tear." Neurospine 22, no. 2 (2025): 583–91. https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2550456.228.

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Objective: Endoscopic spine surgery implies possibly severe complications of the central nervous system, from headache to seizures and autonomic dysreflexia. These adverse events might be due to increased intracranial pressure (ICP), presumably induced by increased spinal intra-/epidural pressure caused by fluid irrigation. This study was designed to perform interlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy (IELD) at different irrigation fluid settings while monitoring its effect on intra-/epidural and ICPs, with and without dural tears.Methods: Spinal intradural pressures were measured by introducing

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Dou, Yi Hua, Yin Ping Cao, Fu Xiang Zhang, and Xiang Tong Yang. "Analysis of Influence to the Connect and Seal Ability of Tubing Connection of Inner Pressures." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 790–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.790.

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To know the stress distribution of tubing connections with varied inner pressures for further understanding of the influence of pressures to the connection and seal ability, finite element model of API tubing connection was established and the Von Mises stresses and contact pressures of tubing connection was analyze by full make-up torque and varied inner pressures with nonlinear finite element method. It was found that the contact pressures and stresses on engagement threads may be increased with limited inner pressure. Meanwhile, stresses of engagement threads on both ends increased more sha

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Groothuis, Jan T., Linda van Vliet, Miriam Kooijman, and Maria T. E. Hopman. "Venous cuff pressures from 30 mmHg to diastolic pressure are recommended to measure arterial inflow by plethysmography." Journal of Applied Physiology 95, no. 1 (2003): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00022.2003.

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Venous occlusion strain gauge plethysmography (VOP) is based on the assumption that the veins are occluded and arterial inflow is undisturbed by the venous cuff pressure. Literature is not clear concerning the pressure that should be used. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal venous occlusion pressure at which the highest arterial inflow is achieved in the forearm, calf, and leg by using VOP. We hypothesized that, for each limb segment, an optimal (range of) venous cuff pressure can be determined. Arterial inflow in each limb segment was measured in nine healthy individuals b

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Godbey, P. S., J. A. Graham, R. G. Presson, W. W. Wagner, and T. C. Lloyd. "Effect of capillary pressure and lung distension on capillary recruitment." Journal of Applied Physiology 79, no. 4 (1995): 1142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.79.4.1142.

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To investigate the effect of capillary pressure and alveolar distension on capillary recruitment, we used video-microscopy to quantify capillary recruitment in individual subpleural alveolar walls. Canine lobes were perfused with autologous blood either while inflated by positive airway pressure or while inflated by negative intrapleural pressure in the intact thorax with airway pressure remaining atmospheric. Low flow rates minimized the arteriovenous pressure gradient (< 5 mmHg), permitting capillary pressure estimation by averaging these pressures. Capillary pressure was varied stepwise

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Zhong, Xing-Fu, and Zhi-Jing Chen. "Variational principles for topological pressures on subsets." Nonlinearity 36, no. 2 (2023): 1168–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6544/acadca.

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Abstract In this paper, we investigate the relations between various types of topological pressures and different versions of measure-theoretical pressures. We extend Feng–Huang’s variational principle for packing entropy to packing pressure and obtain two new variational principles for Pesin–Pitskel and packing pressures respectively. We show that various types of Katok pressures for an ergodic measure with respect to a potential function are equal to the sum of measure-theoretic entropy of this measure and the integral of the potential function. Moreover, we obtain Billingsley type theorem f

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31

Kimura, Tatsuto, Masahiro Masuko, Naoki Fujii, Hideki Kaida, and Naoto Kihara. "NUMERICAL AND HYDRAULIC EXPERIMENTS ON BORE PRESSURE DUE TO TSUNAMI." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.currents.18.

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The 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami struck a wide area of the northeastern coast of Japan, and many coastal structures and buildings were damaged by the tsunami. Most of the buildings were damaged by the tsunami wave pressure. After the tsunami, characteristics of tsunami waive pressures have been investigated by many researcher, and are being clarified. As shown in previous studies, there are three regimes charactering the vertical pressure profiles. The first one is the impulsive pressure, which is observed just after the tsunami-bore impacted structures. In this regime, strong hydrodynamic p

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Feng, Yaoguang, Hongxun Hao, Yiqing Chen, Na Wang, Ting Wang, and Xin Huang. "Enhancement of Crystallization Process of the Organic Pharmaceutical Molecules through High Pressure." Crystals 12, no. 3 (2022): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12030432.

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The enhancement of the crystallization process through high pressures was studied by using ribavirin (RVB) as a model compound. The effects of high pressure on crystallization thermodynamics, nucleation kinetics, and process yield were evaluated and discussed. The solubility of ribavirin in three pure solvents was measured at different pressures from 283.15 to 323.15 K. The results indicate that the solubility data of ribavirin decreased slightly when pressure was increased. The induction time of the cooling crystallization of ribavirin under different pressures was measured. The results show

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Langner, Shannon. "Gauging their pressure: evaluating automated blood pressures over 30 minutes with standard office blood pressures." Evidence-Based Practice 22, no. 5 (2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000000413.

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Miller, Larry S., Joseph K. Kim, Qing Dai, et al. "Mechanics and hemodynamics of esophageal varices during peristaltic contraction." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 287, no. 4 (2004): G830—G835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00015.2004.

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Our hypothesis states that variceal pressure and wall tension increase dramatically during esophageal peristaltic contractions. This increase in pressure and wall tension is a natural consequence of the anatomy and physiology of the esophagus and of the esophageal venous plexus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate variceal hemodynamics during peristaltic contraction. A simultaneous ultrasound probe and manometry catheter was placed in the distal esophagus in nine patients with esophageal varices. Simultaneous esophageal luminal pressure and ultrasound images of varices were recorded duri

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SMITH, ANDREW M. "NEGATIVE PRESSURE GENERATED BY OCTOPUS SUCKERS: A STUDY OF THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF WATER IN NATURE." Journal of Experimental Biology 157, no. 1 (1991): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.157.1.257.

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The decrease in hydrostatic pressure generated by octopus suckers adhering to wettable and non-wettable surfaces was measured using a flush-mounted miniature pressure transducer. The cavitation thresholds, or lowest sustainable pressures, of sea water on the same surfaces were also measured and were compared with the pressures generated by octopuses. It is shown that suckers can generate hydrostatic pressures below OMPa on moderately wettable surfaces. This disprovesthe commonly repeated assumption that suckers cannot produce pressures below a vacuum and suggests that the importance of suction

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36

Sun, Wei Ming, Shui Sheng Chen, and Li Qun Tu. "Effect of Contact Pressure and Cyclic Stress Amplitude on Fretting Fatigue of 45-Carbon Steel." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.134.

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The effect of contact pressure on fretting fatigue in quenched and tempered 45-carbon steel is studied. With an increase in contact pressure, fretting fatigue life is decreased quickly at low contact pressures; however it almost unchanged at high contact pressures. With an increase in cyclic stress amplitude, fretting fatigue life decreased. In the test, concavity is formed at the fretted area accompanying wear. The main crack is initiated at the outer edge corner of the concavity at high contact pressures, and initiated at the middle portion of the fretted area at low contact pressures.

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Orasanu, Judith, and Barry Strauch. "Temporal Factors in Aviation Decision Making." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, no. 14 (1994): 935–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403801431.

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Time pressure has been found to reduce the quality of decision making by restricting consideration of information and options and by inducing strategy shifts. Time pressure is usually considered an external variable manipulated by the experimenter. In this paper we distinguish between externally-induced time pressures and crew-generated time pressures, and examine how crews can mitigate or exacerbate external pressures. The roles of both types of time pressures in crew decision making are examined in three air transport accidents and in crew performance in full-mission simulated flight. Implic

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Tsai, M.-H., John D. Dow, and R. V. Kasowski. "InP under high pressures." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 8 (1992): 2205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.2205.

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The direct energy gaps, Eg, and the indirect gaps at the X point, E(X), of GaAs and AlxGa1−xAs alloys are essentially linear functions of hydrostatic pressure, P. Recent photoluminescence measurements of Tozer et al. for InP under high pressures, however, found that Eg(P) is not quite linear, but bends down slightly at high pressures. Using the first-principles pseudofunction method, we have calculated Eg and E(X) as functions of pressure, as well as the zero-temperature equation of state P(V). Our calculated gap curve for InP, Eg(P), bends down slightly, as found in photoluminescence studies.

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Fike, C. D., and M. R. Kaplowitz. "Effect of airway and left atrial pressures on microvascular and interstitial pressures in adult lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 5 (1993): 2112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.5.2112.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of lung inflation and left atrial pressure on the hydrostatic pressure gradient for fluid flux across 20- to 80-microns-diam arterioles and venules in isolated perfused lungs of adult rabbits. We used the micropuncture technique and measured microvascular or interstitial pressures at constant airway pressures of 5 and 15 cmH2O with left atrial pressure adjusted above (zone 3 conditions) or below (zone 2 conditions) airway pressure. Only in lungs inflated to the higher airway pressure did a reduction in left atrial pressure below airway pres

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Nellis, S. H., and L. Whitesell. "Phasic pressures and diameters in small epicardial veins of the unrestrained heart." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 257, no. 4 (1989): H1056—H1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1989.257.4.h1056.

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Previous data from this laboratory have revealed a large pressure pulse in small veins on the epicardial surface of the right ventricle of the rabbit. The phasic relationship between venule pressures and venule diameters in a beating heart was examined. Luminal pressures were measured in 39 different veins on the epicardial surface of the rabbit right ventricle. The venous luminal pressures averaged 12.6 mmHg maximum and 1.0 mmHg minimum. Pressures in 23 different small veins were also obtained at different right ventricular afterloads. Peak venous pressures increased with peak right ventricul

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Grzesik, Zbigniew, Anna Kaczmarska, and Stanisław Mrowec. "Nonstoichiometry and Chemical Diffusion in Co₃O₄ Cobalt Oxide." Solid State Phenomena 227 (January 2015): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.227.421.

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Nonstoichiometry and chemical diffusion in Co3O4oxide have been studied as a function of temperature (973-1173 K) and oxygen pressure (30-105Pa), using thermogravimetric techniques. It has been found that at very low oxygen pressures, close to the dissociation pressure of the oxide, interstitial cations and quasi-free electrons are the predominant point defects, while at high pressures cation vacancies and electron holes predominate. This behaviour is reflected in complex dependence of the deviation from stoichiometry, y, in the Co3±yO4oxide on oxygen pressure. At low pressures, namely, deviat

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Eisenhoffer, J., S. Lee, and M. G. Johnston. "Pressure-flow relationships in isolated sheep prenodal lymphatic vessels." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 267, no. 3 (1994): H938—H943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.267.3.h938.

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The objective of this study was to determine how isolated sheep prenodal popliteal lymphatic vessels responded to transmural and outflow pressure changes. Afferent lymphatics (0.5-1.0 mm diameter) were suspended in an organ bath with both inflow and outflow ends cannulated. Input to the duct was provided from a reservoir filled with Krebs solution. Two types of experiments were performed. In one group, a transmural pressure was applied to the ducts. In a second group of studies, the inflow pressure was fixed (at 2, 4, or 6 cmH2O) and the outflow pressure was increased in 4-cmH2O increments. Th

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Hakim, T. S., and S. Kelly. "Occlusion pressures vs. micropipette pressures in the pulmonary circulation." Journal of Applied Physiology 67, no. 3 (1989): 1277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.3.1277.

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Because of the discrepancies between the arterial and venous occlusion technique and the micropuncture technique in estimating pulmonary capillary pressure gradient, we compared measurements made with the two techniques in the same preparations (isolated left lower lobe of dog lung). In addition, we also obtained direct and reliable measurements of pressures in 0.9-mm arteries and veins using a retrograde catheterization technique, as well as a microvascular pressure made with the double-occlusion technique. The following conclusions were made from dog lobes perfused with autologous blood at n

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Sathik, Muhammadu, Shanmugapriya R, Sabarinathan R, and Moulika M. "A Review of Foot pressure Measurement of Diabetic and Analysis Patients." International Research Journal of Computer Science 11, no. 09 (2024): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/irjcs.2024.v1109.02.

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Peripheral neuropathy, the main risk factor for diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), causes loss of protective feeling and is linked to very high plantar pressures. The goal of DFU preventive techniques is to lower these elevated plantar pressures. However, there are a number of limitations to the evidence that supports the connection between plantar pressure and DFUs, which could account for the poor prediction accuracy found in prospective studies. Most research measures the vertical, as opposed to the shear, barefoot plantar pressure in lab settings as opposed to in real-world activities. Previous D

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Glucksberg, M. R., and J. Bhattacharya. "Effect of vascular pressure on interstitial pressures in the isolated dog lung." Journal of Applied Physiology 75, no. 1 (1993): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.1.268.

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We report the first direct measurements of the effect of pulmonary vascular pressures on perialveolar interstitial pressures. In seven experiments we varied the intravascular pressure (Pvas) in isolated dog lungs held at constant airway pressure (PA). By the micropuncture servo-null technique, we recorded perialveolar interstitial pressures with respect to pleural pressure (0 cmH2O) at the alveolar junctions (Pjct) and in microvascular adventitia (Padv). At PA = 7 cmH2O, increase from 5 to 15 cmH2O did not affect Pjct, although it decreased Padv by 1.2 +/- 0.4 cmH2O. The Pjct-Padv gradient inc

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Lê Vũ Ngọc, Thanh, Bích Phạm Thị Ngọc, Uyên Nguyễn Đình Hoàng, and Nguyên Lê Thành Thái. "The Determination of Pressures toward Fraudulent Behavior on Financial Statements of Vietnamese Listed Companies." JOURNAL OF ASIAN BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC STUDIES 33, no. 8 (2022): 121–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24311/jabes/2022.33.08.08.

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The study focuses on understanding the pressures leading to fraudulent behavior on the financial statements of companies listed on the Vietnamese stock markets. First, the study identifies the pressures affecting fraudulent financial reporting behavior one by one, then turn to the interactive effects of the pressures on the behavior of corporate. The regression results of 2831 samples from 2014 to 2020 show that the pressure of maintaining the position of a large enterprise, the pressure of strictly complying with debt covenants, a profit pressure or reward incentive make managers commit finan

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Huang, Ya Nan, Xiao Wen Zhao, Xiao Qun Dai, and Ya Ning Li. "Effects of Girdle Pressure on Skin Blood Flow." Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (January 2011): 849–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.849.

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The safety and comfort play more and more important roles in foundation wear design. In this paper, the change of skin blood flow under pressure is focused on. Three healthy young females were recruited to participate in the experiment. The subjects were required to wear girdles of different design, and the pressures and skin blood flow at five feature points were measured by using AMI system. Moreover, pressures of different magnitudes were exerted at the convex points of pelvis and hip by using the AMI pressure chamber, the change of skin blood flow under these pressures were observed. Some

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Rose, Nicholas E., Lawrence A. Feiwell, and Andrea Cracchiolo. "A Method for Measuring Foot Pressures Using a High Resolution, Computerized Insole Sensor: The Effect of Heel Wedges on Plantar Pressure Distribution and Center of Force." Foot & Ankle 13, no. 5 (1992): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079201300506.

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A new, high resolution, pressure-sensitive insole was tested and found to provide reproducible measurements of static and dynamic plantar pressures inside the shoe of normal test subjects under certain conditions. However, calibration between separate sensors was poor and the sensor pads showed significant wear with use. This system was also used to investigate the effect of heel wedges on plantar foot pressure to determine whether this system was sensitive enough to detect the effect of a gross shoe modification on plantar foot pressure. Medial heel wedges decreased plantar pressures under th

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Scharf, S. M., R. Brown, K. G. Warner, and S. Khuri. "Intrathoracic pressures and left ventricular configuration with respiratory maneuvers." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 1 (1989): 481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.1.481.

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In 12 dogs, we examined the correspondence between esophageal (Pes) and pericardial pressures over the anterior, lateral, and inferior left ventricular (LV) surfaces. Pleural pressure was decreased by spontaneous inspiration, Mueller maneuver, and phrenic stimulation and increased by intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). To separate effects due to blood flow, we analyzed beating and nonbeating hearts. In beating hearts, there were no significant differences between changes in Pes and pericardial pressures. In arrested hearts, increasing

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Macdermid, Paul W., Matthew C. Miller, Fiona M. Macdermid, and Philip W. Fink. "Tyre Volume and Pressure Effects on Impact Attenuation during Mountain Bike Riding." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/191075.

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Exposure to impacts and vibrations has been shown to be detrimental to cross country mountain bike performance and health. Therefore, any strategy aimed at attenuating such exposure is useful to participants and/or industry. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of tyre size and tyre inflation pressure on exposure to impacts. Participants completed nine trials of a technical section (controlled for initial speed and route taken) including nine separate conditions involving three tyre sizes and three tyre inflation pressures normalised per tyre. Performance was determined by tim

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