Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Preuve (droit)'
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Bergeaud, Aurélie. "Le droit à la preuve." Bordeaux 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR40036.
Full textFrom the will to apprehend under a unique term all of the means permitting to assume the probative effort which is their responsability, is born the idea of a right to proof. If the expression is evocative, the juridical description it assumes merits to be put to the test. The observation of a reinforcement in the possibilities of probative investment is insufficient because it goes hand in hand with the fact wherein the judge is never obliges to accept the offer or the demand of proof proposed by one party. However, unless we admit the existence of an arbitrary judicial nature, the refusal necessarily leans upon the cause of inadmissibility due to the lack of usefulness or of licitness in the probative initiative. If these criteria permit to manage the judicial response, they equally fix the measure for the right to proof which is analysed as the power to demand from the judge that he welcolmes the offer or the demand of proof presenting a legitimate probative interest
Treuil, Emmanuel. "La preuve en droit de l'environnement." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010272.
Full textCoupillaud, Marie-Paule. "La preuve en droit du travail." Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40047.
Full textOkitasombo, Otoko. "La preuve en droit pénal zairois." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100013.
Full textDaragon, Elise. "Droit de la preuve et informatique." Grenoble 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE11001.
Full textData processing is present in the various strata of society and has become a privileged means for economic and social exchanges. However, the judicial structure of evidence in France, which contains a legal evidence system and a moral evidence system, has been very few amended since twenty years, though data processing affords more and more prospects in the field of evidence. Faced with data processing, each evidence system has reacted differently. The first one, naturally rigid, is not suited to take into account computer evidence. The obligation to settle a written document for the acts over 5000 francs excludes any possibility of proving by another means. And when a written document is not required, one may put any convincing data before the judge ; the problem is then the reliability of the technique that is used. But civil case law is rather mistrusful of computer evidence. Concurrently, the moral evidence system considers computer evidence as any other means of poofs. And beyond, it uses it as a way to gather and appreciate evidence in the field of criminal law and taxation law for example. These contradictory tendencies between two evidence systems may be justified only through the objectives that are traditionally attached to each system. The requirement of judicial security, as far as legal evidence system is concerned, is directly and legally coonected with the existence of a written document. This logic, which is already old, is no longer relevant for two reasons : thirst one is that security may thyme with computer evidence if the masters of the system want it (it is technically possible); the second one is that security, which remains one of the objectives of civil evidence law, seems to give way to another raison of this law : the search of truth. Hence, French evidence law has to be amended. But how ? Is it necessary to standardize and to ease evidence ? Some authors think that it would be desirable
Tabet, Alfred Roubier Paul. "La preuve testimoniale en droit ottoman." Lyon : Université Lyon3, 2006. http://thesesbrain.univ-lyon3.fr/sdx/theses/lyon3/1990/tabet_a.
Full textAssi, Assepo Eugene. "La preuve des contrats tacites." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE0011.
Full textDalbies, Bérangère. "La preuve en matière fiscale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX32027.
Full textThe part of the judge is decisive in proof matters. The legal rules of assessement lead of grant the onus of proof according to the principes that gvern the determination of taxation by the ways of a declaration followed by a control, according to rules which include a great number of exceptions. The judge is answerable for the enforcement of these principales and he has make that the guarantees conceded to taxayers have been respected. It is the same with the control of the admissible means of proving. The judge is therefore led to adapt the law to the instance facts of each case in point, while making possible tax collection. Studying jurisprudence shows that the legal settlements of proving in regard to the burden of the proof and the accepted means as well require a continous adaptation, that the judge sets on in checking the process at every stage, from the initial fixing of the amount of taxation, up to contestation caused by back taxes
Hennion-Jacquet, Patricia. "Preuve pénale et droits de l'homme." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0011.
Full textThere is a basic connection between human rights and criminal evidence. This interaction gives rise to a set of problems, which is an age-old one: society's and accuser's interests conciliation. Today, this set of problems is solved aid of a legislation appointing limits to the defendant's rights violations. The searched balance is estimated aid of a functional analysis of human rights in penal evidence law. This thesis demonstrates that human rights role and impact in criminal evidence rules vary in function of their nature. The accused benefits of rights agreed to all men. These rights restrict evidence processes during pre-trial investigations. In fact, instead of its justification by the necessities of suppression, evidence search freedom should not step conduct to sacrifice defendant to threatened community: the human dignity must be protected against unreasonable processes infringing the rights to be presumed innocent and personal freedom. Consequently, the rights entrenched by criminal law restrict effectiveness of the truth search. The accused benefits also of rights agreed to any person charged with an offence. These rights guarantee the quality of evidence : for the sentencing to be approved, the accused must be tried by an independent and impartial tribunal, benefit of open court proceedings, and have the same rights as proceedings authorities. The rights entrenched by criminal law of procedure protect, in a manner that varies in function of the standard of justification agreed by law to sentencings, the appearance of a due process and the repute of justice. Consequently, they are used to legitimize the demonstration of truth
François, Guillaume. "La réception de la preuve biologique : étude comparative de droit civil et droit pénal." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010334.
Full textDemoulin-Auzary, Florence. "Les actions relatives a l'etat des personnes en droit romano-canonique medieval (xiie-xve siecle)." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA111001.
Full textGroud, Thomas Habu. "La preuve en droit international privé français." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100079.
Full textBaillat, Mathilde. "La preuve en droit des pratiques anticoncurrentielles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010322.
Full textCompetition law is markedly complex and original. Addressing both companies and markets, it combines punitive and regulative features, uses economic as well as legal tools of analysis and stands at the intersection of national and European law in both its procedural and substantial provisions. These features undoubtedly affect its use of evidence and proof. While competition law's fi st aim is to protect public economic policy, it also ensures the protection of private and individual interests against anti-competitive practices. Combining aspects of both private and public law in a complementary way, it effectively protects the interests of public policy by ensuring the protection of private actors against anti-competitive practices. While the double nature of the law on anti-competitive practices entails a different treatment of proof and evidence in the respective fields of public and private enforcement, both aspects need to be addressed together in order to reach a dynamic balance between the imperatives of competition law on the one hand and the requirements and guarantees embodied by the rules on proof and evidence on the other hand. Recent developments show that a balance between substantial and procedural rules on proof and evidence has indeed been reached in the fields of both public and private enforcement. A close study of the law on proof and evidence in the field of anticompetitive practices thus shows that today's competition law tends towards ensuring its efficient implementation as well as protecting the rights of its actors
Ehret, Olivier. "Le Contrat par l'EDI, droit français et allemand." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON10018.
Full textTHEPAULT, LAURENCE. "La preuve devant le juge administratif." Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN11017.
Full textThe problem of the evidence is raised in a very special way in the administrative scope. As justicial precedents underline it, the "actori incumbit probatio" principe exists and applied by the administrative judge. In that field, it is justified by very important arguments. However, the judge often lightens the burden of the evidence, in order to reduce or solve the inequalities of the people involved in the lawsuit. He intervenes in the whole litigation. But it is impossible at all to determine the criteria of his intervention. In that field, it is difficult to have certainties. One can only stress the tendencies resulting from the decisions of the juridictions. Right from the study of the evidence, one can easily see that the judge can widely intervene. That idea is then confirmed and rinforced as far as the search for the evidence is concerned. In that field, the evidence is free : all the means to give evidence are acceptable. The judge evaluates the necessity to order investigation measures as well as the value of the evidence. But his power is not arbitrary. In any case, the judge decides in all conscience
Fartunova, Maria. "La preuve dans le droit de l'Union européenne." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020096.
Full textSiguoirt, Laurent. "La preuve du paiement des obligations monétaires." Valenciennes, 2008. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/10e3e006-9119-462f-add2-64066d3e1130.
Full textIn a context of profound mutations of money and of the means of payment, the proof of the payment of a monetary obligation has undertaken its own evolution. It is generally distinguished from the other categories of payment by claiming that such payment must be proven in writing, which is considered as the ultimate kind of evidence. But ultimate does not necessarily amount to pre-eminent and the study of the law of proof as applied to monetary obligation emphasises this distinction. Being dependent on the legal nature of the operation at stake but also on the enforcement of the law of proof, the use of written evidence is not the rule. This can be explained by the general nature of the law of proof which contradicts the specificity of the payment of a monetary obligation. This study questions the payment of a monetary obligation as being a mere subject of the law of proof among others. But the payment also sometimes imposes this evolution. There is therefore an adaptation of the law of proof to the specificity of the payment of a monetary obligation. Then comes the question of such an approach being sufficient and, as a result, of the necessity to adopt, either legally or by convention, a system of proof which would satisfy the requirements inherent to this type of payment
Hoyer, Mathilde. "La preuve de la propriété." Thesis, Amiens, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AMIE0067.
Full textProof of property creates two main difficulties. First, the proof is conflicting with property's characters. There is no proof which guarantee property. As a result, judges can only look for clues which make plausible the owner's grade. The one who pretends to be owner has to prove that he realised actions which are most of the time realised by the right owner – he has to prove that he exercises his right ordinary. When the proof of the ordinary exercice of the right is reported, the judge will recognize, at the end of the action, the owner's grade to the one who demonstrates the strongest link with the asset. Nevertheless, the one who wins at trial is not recognized as the owner to everyone, but only to his adversary, without absolute proof of the right. Exclusivity and absolutism, which are the characters of property right, seems challenged through the action. Second, the proof of property is sometime regulated. Legal presumptions constrain the judge'assessment. He could be forced to designate one of the litigants as a owner although he's not. The judicial truth can't be discovered. As long as the property couldn't be observed, these difficulties will persist. The belonging relation must be projected in the sensory word to be demonstrated. The study has to be reported on the property's representation, it means possession, only if this notion is reformed to match with the ordinary and positive exercise of the right. Now restricted to material actions on the thing, possession must be dematerialised to conquer the intangible's word, just like property. This task successful, possession is understood like the right's ordinary and concrete exercise : it can become the subject matter of the action. At the end of the trial, the one who wins is not recognized as the owner to his adversary, he's only recognized as the best possessor. The right's exclusivity is reinforced because everytime the owner opposes his right to someone else, who doesn't pretend to be owner himself, this one has to abstain. Absolutism is also reinforced because no effort is imposed to the owner to maintain his porperty or to be productif by exercising his right. If the owner doens't take care of his asset, he only takes the risk that someone else uses it and be recognized as a best possessor. In the same way, to understand possession like the subject matter of the action would break property's presumtions linked to some facts. The task is helpful. By contraining the judge, presumptions doesn't permit to discover the real asset's judicial status. But how to guarantee the litigants' previsions if probative rules avoid to detect it ? The legality proof system dictates an official truth : it provides the continuity of previsions which are sometimes imperfect. Except when it's the only way to preserve the legal security, this system must be abandoned. The choice of a real legal proof system permits to create a single method to resolve conflicts about asset's property claim. Now, confronted to the emergence of new assets, the judge profits from a common approach permitting him to decide who must stay possessor
Vial, Géraldine. "La preuve en droit extrapatrimonial de la famille." Grenoble 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE21021.
Full textFamily Law is an interesting field when it comes to proof as it shows much specificity. This can be seen in areas such as the burden of proof (presumption of paternity), means of proof (biological tests, social investigation, recording of adultery), and also with the consequences some proofs may have on the action of justice (possession of a status). These various derogations to the general theory of proof show the need for a specific theory of proof in family law in which proof would be the subject of a right (Part I). However, the active role played by proof on substantial law shows the specificity of it in Family law in such a manner that it is possible to consider that the proof could be a source of rights (Part II). Proof is the subject of a right: the right to proof. This right allows all the parties to provide their proof by all means. When they lack sufficient proof, the parties then hold the right to obtain proof. Obstacles may however limit the scope of this right to proof. Confidentiality, respect of integrity, loyalty, family ties thus uphold this right in order to prevent the search for proof from being prejudicial to individuals or to the family. Proof is also a source of rights. At first it conditions access to the judge. The history of proof has been punctuated by various levels of filters (case of opening) and even today, positive right. Title and condition of possession can sometimes be used for purposes of objection in order to prevent the establishment of or to dispute an affiliation. Next, proof subordinates access to law. This means that undisputed proof is one and the same with the means to establish affiliation or marriage and ensures the direct realisation of the right. Similarly, some contentious proof will influence the judge in his understanding and enhance the chances of success of a claim (presumptions, biological tests). This study reveals the essential part played by proof in substantial family law and the close link between the family social model and the probative system
Kadima-Kabeya, Stanislas. "L'expertise médicale devant le tribunal : étude législative comparée du droit québécois et du droit français." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1997.
Find full textLagarde, Xavier. "Réflexion critique sur le droit de la preuve /." Paris : Libr. Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence, 1994. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/272109576.pdf.
Full textHoffschir, Nicolas. "La charge de la preuve en droit civil." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100173.
Full textThe burden of proof constitutes an original concept which epitomizes the evolution of time and of the founding principles of law. Historically, the notion of burden of proof referred to the individual role of the litigant who, through his own effort, had to convince the judge of the soundness of his cause. Nowadays, considering the importance of truth in our society as well as the willingness to tighten solidarity between individuals, it is considered as a basic requirement for a litigant to contribute to the emergence of truth. Yet, it is inappropriate to make confusion between probationary duties and charges. As a matter of fact, only the duties that the litigant has to carry out in order to win over his cause can be qualified as burden of proof. This implies that the burden of proof not only imposes duties during the trial but also before the referral of the case to court. Bound to gather proofs and produce them in court, the incumbent is not always in a situation to assume the burden of the proof. Legal precedents (law, jurisprudence) can then be used to either facilitate or to exempt the former of his obligations. In light of this new coherence, the burden of proof facilitates the understanding of certain technical mechanisms and allows for a new reading of the applicable law
Chateau-Briquet, Monique. "La preuve dans le droit de la famille." Nancy 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN20004.
Full textThe specificity of family extrapatrimonial law led to wonder if the application of an original theory of the law of evidence was justifiable. But the particularism of the system has diminished in order to give free rein to the development of the right to evidence with a return to the principle of the freedom of evidence as regards judicial facts. The disappearance of legal specificity of the evidence, already carried out to a very large extent by the law of 11th july, 1975, as far as marriage and divorce are concerned, takes place today in the field of filiation. Indeed, since the law of 3d january, 1972, has been implemented, the evolution has carried on and has even increased-over the past years- in so far as civil courts have fully made use of the increased powers which had been given to them. The rapid improvements accomplished as far as scientific research is concerned have led to the upheaval of some traditional conceptions; they have made disappear the natural obstacles to the right to evidence, which were depending on the impossibility to substantiate. But still there is - in a standing and irreducible way- an originality in the facts : if the subject of the evidence is specific, the means of evidence -if they may as a whole be linked to the existing categories- are original in spite of everything
Dupont, Olivier. "Preuve et renouveau contractuel en droit du travail." Lille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIL20002.
Full textOnce considered as a specimen of distorted convention for failing to achieve its objective of contractual justice the employment contract is now being renovated to meet its former standard as a consequence of the latest evidentiary developments. Within a few decades evidence, which was formerly biased, has been subjected to in-depth transformation in order to restore balanced evidentiary patterns in employment law. The presentation of evidence and the testing of that evidence testify to that trend. While an employee may now better argue his or her grievances an employer may find it more complicated to set up his or her evidentiary arguments. The rediscovery of the concept of loyalty and the progressive recognition of employees'rights are grounds for a betterbalanced system. Moreover, the increased autonomy of evidentiary questioning in employment law has provided the restoration of the notion of balanced evidence. All of this tends to one and the same objective : contractual justice
Chateau-Briquet, Monique. "La Preuve dans le droit de la famille." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612580x.
Full textNiyungeko, Gérard. "La preuve devant les juridictions internationales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213300.
Full textJoannard-Lardant, Emmanuel. "L'établissement processuel de la preuve fiscale : essai de droit comparé interne." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D050.
Full textThis essay deals with the search, the submission and the evaluation of the evidence in a trial. This work is a comparison between administrative, civil and criminal judge in matter of evidence. At first glance, the fact finding process is based on different procedures and each judge has a proper role. Each procedure has a distinctive identity. However, another face of the fact finding process is being seen. The continued development of fundamental rights transforms the fact finding process. In this light, fact finding process provides a relative unit on the base of a common understanding of Justice
Charlery, Éric. "La preuve par tous moyens des manifestations informelles de volonté." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100181.
Full textFrench Civil Law obliges the person who declares in Court to be linked by a contract with the opposing party, to prove this agreement into writing. In the same way, the party who wants to contest the reality of any fact related by a written contract, must exhibit a written evidence. The application of these legal rules sets up practical troubles when in particular despite the default of a written evidence, the agreement concluded by the parties has been, in fact, executed. In those cases, Courts tend to modify legal rules in what concern evidence. This thesis shows and explains the technics employed by Courts to introduce in civil law, the free proof of unformal contract
Fongaro, Éric. "La loi applicable à la preuve en droit international privé." Toulouse 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU10012.
Full textThe present works, based on a well defined method, set up rules of conflicts of law about evidence in international private law. Each solution is presented in comparison with works of other authors, decisions of French Supreme Court, and international texts, such as Rome agreement
Mornet, Marie-Noëlle. "La preuve par vidéosurveillance." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR30007.
Full textThe study discusses evidence-seeking and the way it is implemented in a legal dispute. It aims at determining the regulation with regard to closed circuit television (CCTV) and its relevance. There are common criteria for a lawfull use of the process, i-e the information of individuals which is necessary, although insufficient, and the proportionality allowing to adapt the infringement of a person's rights to the necessity of CCTV. The divergence of case law in regard to the video recordings' admissibility, and the variable valuation of the evidence's weight are against the principles of the law suit's equity. The system must be improved: a limit must be set to the admissibility of the irregular evidence and more accuracy of the clauses of valuation of the probative value is needed. Moreover, the judge should take into consideration the proportionality criterion upon his sentence. This may have consequences on the use made of CCTV by individual interests
Niyungeko, Gérard. "La preuve devant les juridictions internationales /." Bruxelles : Bruylant, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40190742c.
Full textBolze, Pierre. "Le droit à la preuve contraire en procédure pénale." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN20012/document.
Full textThe matter of evidence in the French penal procedure, heavily influenced by the principle of presumption of innocence, is generally presented by the means available to the prosecution in order to prove the offenses to the penal law. The consideration of a right to opposite evidence reverses this pattern so as to give people being sued the right to contend for the evidences presented by the prosecution and, in fine, to bring any evidence in order to prove their innocence. The right to opposite evidence, based on the principle of equality from the European notion of right to a fair trial, aims to guarantee a balance between the necessity of an efficient suppression and the prevention of an unfair conviction of an innocent person. The notion of right to opposite evidence gives an active part to the suspect in the organization of defence, by allowing to produce and to get all the evidences favorable to the suspect, and must be able to confront both the law-maker and the judge. The French penal procedure is influenced by some reforms which aim to guarantee the balance needed between the general interest and the protection of individual liberties. This movement sanctions the reality and the durability of the right to opposite evidence
Fargeaud, Pierre. "La preuve informatique en droit français : les aspects juridiques de l'inforensique." Limoges, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIMO1013.
Full textComputer forensics could be defined as a combination of knowledge and methodologies, which enable the collection, storing and analysis of evidence from digital supports with a view to producing this evidence in court. The introduction of this subject into french law raises many questions, notably in relation to the growing place of technology in judicial system. The purpose of this thesis is to find a balance between the recognition of digital evidence and the right to use this method in law, talking into consideration its technical nature
Mouloungui, Maganga Aimé Roger. "Le particularisme de la preuve en droit du travail." Limoges, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIMO1004.
Full textFort of the imbalance of strengths enter the employee and the employer the contract of employment, the French legislator, widely followed by the judge, began (undertook) of importances transfers (transformations) regarding proofs. The objective being to restore for the benefit of the employee a balance between the parties to the lawsuit that, the initial contractual relation not guaranteed not. So, we observe that the producing of evidence in labor law, from now on remote from a strict application of the rules (rulers), of proof such as planned by the common law, obeys a particular diet (regime). That it is about thorough rules (rulers), or about those who touch the procedure itself, the law posts( shows) an attitude apparently protector of the low (weak) part (party), in particular the employee for whom, it operates a significant reduction (lightening) of its probationary burden, while, at the same time, that of the employer see itself weighed down to the advantage of the employee
Girard, Fabien. "Essai sur la preuve dans son environnement culturel." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GREND010.
Full textA solid theory of proof has been built, for some decades now, around a theoretical framework well known to French jurists. Free proof and legal proof, accusatorial model and inquisitorial model, practical truth and substantial proof, preponderance of evidence and intime conviction provide the backbone of that framework. Scientific advancements have shown the robust nature of the framework, despite raising new questions. French law will nevertheless have to face the new challenge of the globalization of law, based on Common Law systems. The hegemony of Common Law systems compels French doctrine to face the subjectivity of its own typology. This might explain the publication of various pieces of work looking to very different perspectives in the search of cultural significance of the Law of Evidence. In the wake of those new pieces, the aim of this work is to show that the Law of Evidence is deeply connected with the organization of the French State and its judicial institutions. This organization has created a coherent system, probatory in nature, aimed at finding material proof. This probationary model is referred to as hierarchical (strong State) and will be confirmed by the study of three Common Law models: American Law, English Law and Canadian Law. This study will cast a light on the phases of definition of facts open to proof or disproof, the fact-finding process and the appreciation of the relevancy and the weight of evidence and will help in the understanding of the singularity of the French model, its internal evolution and the pressure of acculturation forces applied by the probationary logic of the Common Law model, such as the one promoted by the ECHR
Vézina, Johanne. "La preuve technique et scientifique en droit pénal environnemental." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0008/MQ31805.pdf.
Full textKoso, Omambodi Jean-Paul. "La preuve de la qualité d'auteur en droit d'auteur." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4006/document.
Full textThe choice of the French legislator to prove authorship is mainly that of the presumption of paternity. This presumption based on the exercise of the right to paternity was found to be ineffective and uncertain. While the presumption of paternity was designed to simplify the infringement action and dispense the author from the delicate establishment of the creation, its effective application indicates that the burden of proof of authorship rests ultimately on the author. The person whose name is mentioned on the work is led to justify his creative role. This is such as to deprive the presumption of paternity of all its probative interest. By the option raised in favor of the said presumption, the legislator wanted to allow the author to have control over its creation. Although this means of proof does have undeniable practical qualities, its scope of application is limited, in particular, by the specific professional practices of certain arts and by the conceptual disparities of the concept of author. And, if the author's name is omitted from the work, the infringer risks sowing doubt or even confusion over the author's quality. The present study demonstrates that the act of creation constitutes the means which assures with certainty the proof of authorship. The act of creation makes it possible to distinguish the creator from the non-creator of the work and to refocus the characterization of counterfeiting on the creative activity. This reflection also suggests the adoption of the probative formalism consisting of the declaration of creation in order to simplify the relation of the chosen means of proof
Le, Balch Valérie. "Les présomptions en droit social." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020120.
Full textVibrac, Geoffrey. "Le corps et la preuve pénale." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2019_0230_VIBRAC.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of each trial is to determine a judicial truth. For that, it is necessary to bring different proofs which will lead to preserve the social order, regarding civilian law as well as criminal law. The body does not escape such an objective : yesterday as today, it was and it is used for probative purposes. However, while it has been abused to obtain usefull information for a procedure throwghout history, it is now, theoretically, subject to multiple protections both national and supranational. Thus, the latter, remains a tremendos object of probative investigation, very talkative, which leads to obtain information considered more and more reliable and above all, discriminating (and this, whatever its form: global body or a simple detached element of this material human reality). So far, the visual observation of a person is not always enough for the body to become proof : body proof is mainly a scientific evidence and the growing growth of science allows an easy development of it. This is how our judicial procedures are increasingly appealing to the scientist: the scientist is a strong ally to "make the body speak" and he provides real support to the magistrate. In any case, it is necessary that a fair balance be found between the preservation of the general interest and the individual protection of the person and his body
Lagarde, Xavier. "Recevabilité et fond dans la théorie du droit de la preuve." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010290.
Full textThe law of evidence is usually defined as a body of rules providing for the discovery of judicial truth. This work analyzes in depth the mechanisms at play in the law of evidence (burden of proof, rules governing admissibility), using as a tool, the distinction between showings to be made against dismissal and showings required to win a case on the merits. The results yielded by this analysis challenge the traditional definition mentioned above and mandate that another be considered : the actual purpose of the law of evidence is to increase the legitimacy of judicial decisions, by seeking adherence thereto from those whom this body of rules addresses
Pijot, Patricia. "Nouvelles techniques et droit de la preuve : constat et perspectives." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON10009.
Full textProof, an essential tool of the law in the search for truth, cannot remain indifferent to the emergence of new informati on technology. If the written word (in the form of original handwritten documents) has long constituted the most common means of communication, and with this an essential element in a contract, its existence is today being supplanted by the mass arrival of processes arising from technology (principally computer technology). Therefore, it is imperative that the law of proof should adapt to these new data. Their use (which is ever more systemat ic is likely to generate difficulties in the medium term, since their value as proof has not been determined and all the less so accepted. Even though the law of july 12 1980 relating to the partial modification of the law of proof, together with an evolutionary legal approach, implicitly but timidly extended the range of probative instruments, it neverthless remains the case that interventions of a legal nature (among others) are desirable and practicably feasible
Essouma, Awona Appolinaire. "Esprit et technique de la preuve entre tradition et modernité : l'exemple du Cameroun." Thesis, Lille 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL20006.
Full textThe Republic of Cameroon, seen under the angle of the idea and the administration of the proof causes, in more than one way, an unquestionable interest. It is a human space where the fundamental Law « recognizes and protects the traditionalvalues »7 regarded as « in conformity with the democratic principles, the human rights and the law »8. This dedication did not only allow the survival of legal and legal dualism9 inherited from the period of occupation of the country by Western powers [Germany (1884-1914), France (1914-1959) and England (1914-1961)] ; it will also support the emergence of a system of proof whose characteristic lies in a form of cohabitation between traditional modes and modern modes of proof. With the merit of such a cohabitation, the complementarity which seems to exist between two modes of evidence, especially when they are found with the service criminology specific to waitings and realities of this medium and that Maryse RAYNAL qualifies so well as a mixture of traditional criminality, classic criminality and new criminality. The lawsuits in charge of sorcery, during which the actors try to bring the rational one to seize the irrational one are an illustration. The initiative of the recourse to the traditional modes is not the only business of the justiciable ones. Following the latter, some judges postpone to rule in waiting of the opinion of those they consider then as experts in traditional right. While refusing, as he managed to do, to oppose tradition and modernity, didn't the Cameroonian legislator test with his manner of allowing ablossoming the fundamental values of the company of which it with the load ?
Die Republik von Kamerun, die unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Idee und der Verwaltung des Beweises gesehen wurde, ruft auf ein sicheres Interesse hervor. Es ist ein menschlicher Raum, wo das Grundgesetz « erkennt und schützt die traditionellen Werte an »4 angesehen als « übereinstimmend mit den demokratischen Grundsätzen, den Menschenrechten und dem Gesetz »5. Diese Widmung hat das überleben des von der Besatzungszeit des Landes durch Fremdmächte [Deutschland (1884-1914), Frankreich (1914-1959) und England (1914-1961)] geerbten rechtlichen und gerichtlichen Dualismus nicht nur erlaubt6; sie wird außerdem das Auftauchen eines Beweissystems fördern, dessen Besonderheit auf einer Art des Zusammenlebens zwischen traditionellen Methoden und modernen Beweismethoden beruht. Am Verdienst eines solchen Zusammenlebens, die Komplementarität, die scheint, zwischen zwei Beweismethoden zu bestehen, besonders, wenn sie sich am Dienst von Kriminologie befinden, die für die Erwartungen und Wirklichkeit dieser Mitte spezifisch ist, und daß Maryse RAYNAL als Mischung traditioneller Kriminalität, klassischer Kriminalität und neuer riminalität bezeichnet. Die Prozesse in Hexereianklage, im Verlauf derer die Beteiligten versuchen, das vernünftige dazu zuveranlassen, das irrationale zu erfassen, sind eine Illustration. Die Initiative des Rückgriffs auf die traditionellen Methoden betrifft nicht nur die der Rechtssprechung unterworfene Personen. Infolge dieser Letzten schieben einige Richter auf, inErwartung der Ansicht von jenen zu bestimmen, daß sie dann als Experten in traditionellem Recht ansehen. Indem er abgelehnt hat, Tradition und Modernität entgegenzusetzen, hat der kamerunische Gesetzgeber, auf seine Art und Weiseversucht, ein Aufbrechen der grundlegenden Werte der Gesellschaft zu erlauben
Courtot, Loïc. "La preuve de la propriété immobilière." Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO30039.
Full textMornet, Marie-Noëlle. "La vidéosurveillance et la preuve /." Aix-en-Provence : Presses Univ. d'Aix-Marseille, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/490933238.pdf.
Full textAghaee, Fishani Efatouah. "La preuve en matière criminelle en droits français et iranien." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010262.
Full textIn criminal procedure, the evidence is very important. In fact, the judge must use evidence as the primary deciding factor in the judgement. In the former system, the criminal procedure was not the same as it is now. A judge was never right to rule according to his subjective viewpoint. He was obliged to judge according to the evidence and the pertinent laws. The technical revolution of the past years has spanded an informational evolution unparalled in history. Not only has it affected the world and its diverses societies, it has also had a profound affect on the worlds judicial systems. Judges themselves, being better educated socially, are now able to interpret the law loosely, often more humanely, in order to present a fair judgement because the accused is considered innocent before being proven guilty, the burden of proof rests on the prosecuter's shoulders. Ultimately, the judge still interprets the law. Now, however, his or her judgement is often colored by a loose interpretation, its influence has far reaching repurcussions, socially as well as morally. Iran's judicial system also has had far reaching repurcussions since 1979. The system is totally islamic (shiite) which leaves very little room for individual interpretation of the law, informed or not. The practice and interpretation of the law remains strict as dictated by the rules of evidence. There are four catagories : 1) acknowledgement, 2) witness, 3) ghassama (testimony), 4) judges interpretation
Tailliez, Anne. "La signature électronique face au droit privé." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32008.
Full textUp to the act of March 13th 2000, written paper was dominated the process of the law of evidence. The exponential development of Information Technology and numeric exchanges led to an adaptation of the law of evidence. Thereby, the Act of March 13th 2000 consecrates the end of the written paper monopoly within the hierarchy of evidence, and equates the e-document and the e-signature to the written paper and the handwritten signature. The Act of June 21th 2004 on ‘Confidence in numeric economy' reinforces the achievement of the Act of March 2000 by stating that when a written paper is required to valid a legal document, it can be established and recorded with a numeric aid. However, the equivalence between written aid and numeric aid is recognized if certain garantees are adhered to. The e-signature fullfills these garantees
Destre, Marie-Françoise. "Le témoin en droit pénal." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32053.
Full textThere is an absence in our postive law of a general theory of evidence. Of course the freedom of proof and the system of intimate conviction exist, but not a code of evidence. The testimony is on an equal footing with the other modes of proof at first sight. However, it's often the only evidence wich can be collected and exploited immediatly on the scene of crime. But it can be an error or a lie. To day there is an improvment in duties and rights of the witness. Two principal duties must be distinguished : to appear and to depose. The obligation of appear has been weighed down under the influence of the european court of men rigts, in application of the article 6-3 d ecmr the duty of depose has been lightened. It suppresed in the flagrant investigation. There are some exceptions to the duty of depose, exceptions linked to certains jobs like doctors, attorneys and journalists. Face to these duties, the witness has some rights. He's protected during the instruction and the trial by the rules of procedure. At the instruction, the witness are listened without publicity and out of the presence of the indicted person. The witness have a right to a protection against defamation, insult, threats. The rights of the witness have been amplified by the articles 104 and 105 of the penal procedure code, since the law of the 24th of august, 1993
Nolibois, Remi. "L’administration de la preuve par l’employeur en droit du travail : une exigence de loyauté dans la recherche de la preuve." Thesis, Perpignan, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PERP0002.
Full textIt should be noted that in labor law, the administration of proof, by the employer, is now conditioned by the requirement of fairness of the proof as understood by the Social Chamber of the Court of Cassation. Beyond this observation, a requirement of loyalty which now underlies the practice of proof in labor law, a problem arises, however: This investment in the field of proof law by case law, and this, by means of the requirement of loyalty, does it always make it possible to achieve the emergence of the truth, the feeling of justness which must emerge from the confrontation of the arguments that have left? On the contrary, this consecration of loyalty as the case law has intended to enshrine it, has it not led to a law of evidence that is too rigorous, the application of which no longer allows the emergence of the truth?
Koubar, Catherine. "Contribution à l'étude de la preuve en droit fiscal français." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0022/document.
Full textAccording to Henri Levy-Bruhl, « the evidence is inseparable from the judicial decision : it is the soul and the sentence is only a ratification ». Located at the heart of the lawsuit, the evidence is also linked to the existence of the right itself. Thus, according to an old adage, « not being able to prove one's right is not to have one ». This adage, as strict as it may seem, should not be taken literally to the extent that the right to prove exists even in the absence of evidence but it is the recognition of this right on the legal plane that will pose problem if the party concerned can not prove it. Evidence in tax law is of equal importance to the extent that it is subject to the general principles of the law governing the civil law evidence. Thus, this study requires the development of both the rules on the burden of evidence and those relating to its administration. The burden of evidence is governed by two statements that « the onus of evidence lies with the plaintiff » and « whoever alleges an objection in defense must prove it ». The application of these adages is limited to the initial charge. As for the administration of evidence in tax law, it is governed by the rules of evidence in administrative litigation. It is defined by the means by which the party on whom the burden of evidence lies to justify its claims. In tax law, there are no rules as to the means of evidence admitted by the judge. As in administrative litigation, the judge has no right to impose specific evidence on the parties
Kennes, Laurent. "La recherche d’un système équilibré de sanctions, dans la procédure pénale, des irrégularités: Étude de droit comparé." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/271069.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences juridiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished