Academic literature on the topic 'Preventive detention'
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Journal articles on the topic "Preventive detention"
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Krishna Goswami, Prof Avinash, Dr Ritu Gautam, and Vaibhav Kumar. "Critical Appraisal Of Preventive Detention Provisions Under the National Security Act, 1980." Journal of Legal Studies & Research 08, no. 06 (2022): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.55662/jlsr.2022.8604.
Full textAbstract:
The primary focus of this paper is on the shortcomings of the existing preventive detention legislation, especially the National Security Act, 1980. India had various laws on preventive detention prior to the existing National Security Act,1980 but they were gradually repealed, and then the current Act was brought, it was initially enacted as an Ordinance by the President in 1980 but now it has become a prominent law on preventive detention. Preventive detention violates the very basic fundamental right of an individual which is the right to personal liberty enshrined under Article 21 of the Constitution and the mandate provided under Article 22 related to the rights of an arrested person is also violated in the case of preventive detention. India is among the few nations where preventive detention law is constitutional whereas in countries like USA and England no such law exists(exception during wartime). Alarming rise in the number of preventive detentions due to the ease provided under the preventive detention laws, there is a need in the Indian legal system to make the authorities accountable for arbitrary detentions and to establish safeguards to ensure fair procedure before restricting people’s freedom.
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Frelick, Bill. "Preventive detention." Peace Review 5, no. 3 (September 1993): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659308425734.
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Doroclea, Andreea Denisa. "Detention." Eximia 12 (September 30, 2023): 180–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/eximia.v12i1.354.
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Preventive measures at present may be ordered only if there is evidence or well-founded character from which there is a reasonable suspicion that the individual has committed a criminal act and is necessary to achieve the aim pursued by taking them. The categories of preventive measures, with the exception of detention and preventive arrest, are changed, defending judicial control, judicial control on bail and house arrest compared to the old regulation which referred to the obligation not to leave the locality and the obligation not to leave the country together with detention and preventive arrest. Procedural aspects are extremely important in this preventive measure, such as the communication under signature of the detained person, of his/her rights and obligations, the duration for which he/she can be detained and, in certain special cases, informing the diplomatic representatives of the state of which the suspect or accused person is a citizen. In the case of certain persons, the law also requires certain additional requirements to be met in order to order detention, such as in the case of deputies or senators or judges, prosecutors or assistant magistrates. The measure of detention is the most used preventive measure and that it has a particular effect on the suspect as well as on the course of the trial. As it has a special status, being the only measure that can only be ordered during criminal investigations, I think it is very important to be aware of it. Detention is a preventive measure in the procedure of which numerous procedural errors can occur, so we considered necessary a thorough study to clarify all aspects of this preventive measure.
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Montague, Phillip. "Justifying Preventive Detention." Law and Philosophy 18, no. 2 (March 1999): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3505196.
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Gray, Anthony. "Preventive Detention Laws." Alternative Law Journal 30, no. 2 (April 2005): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x0503000205.
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Teteriatnyk, H. K. "PREVENTIVE DETENTION: LEGAL REGULATION ISSUES." Herald of criminal justice, no. 1-2 (2023): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2413-5372.2023.1-2/96-107.
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It is proved that preventive detention is one of the specific measures to ensure criminal proceedings, which was introduced in connection with the beginning of the anti-terrorist operation in Ukraine. It is stated that the existing gaps and inconsistencies in the legislation on preventive detention create significant risks of human rights violations, as well as reduce the effectiveness of ensuring the rights of persons to whom it can be applied, create preconditions for declaring evidence inadmissible. The purpose of the article is to obtain scientific results in the form of theoretical provisions for preventive detention and the formulation of proposals to improve existing legislation. The article analyzes the norms of the legislation governing the issue of preventive detention, draws attention to the inconsistencies of the norms of various legal acts, the existing gaps in the regulation of the grounds, terms and procedure of preventive detention. It is proved that the normative should be clearly defined: the concepts, grounds and conditions of preventive detention, its procedure. Based on the study, the author proposed amendments to the current CPC in order to improve the regulations of the institution of preventive detention. It is stated that the term “preventive detention” is not relevant to the meaning of the precautionary measure, which is understood by it. The author’s definition of “exceptional detention in the area of anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection” is offered. It is proposed to include in paragraph 2 of Chapter 18 of the CPC of Ukraine the article “Exceptional detention in the area of anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection” defining the concept, grounds and conditions of preventive detention, the procedure for obtaining permission for preventive detention, west; determination of the rights and guarantees of their realization by the detained person; the procedure for judicial control, determination of the status of property seized during a personal search and terms for its arrest.
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WORMITH, J. S., and MONIKA RUHL. "Preventive Detention in Canada." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 1, no. 4 (December 1986): 399–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088626086001004002.
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Gershevskiy, Y. R. "Judicial jurisdiction in the application of a preventive measure in the form of detention." Russian justice 1 (January 28, 2021): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/0131-6761-2021-1-68-70.
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The article deals with a set of problems related to judicial jurisdiction in the application of preventive measures in the form of detention. A number of additions to existing legislation on the use of preventive measures in the form of detention are proposed. This article deals with the peculiarities of the application of a preventive measure, such as detention. The main features of its use were established. The procedural characteristics of such a type of preventive measures as detention are studied, the procedural measures related to the detention of a suspect/ accused/defendant are analyzed, the provisions of the current criminal procedure law are analyzed. It is stated that ensuring the rights of suspects accused when choosing and applying a preventive measure in the form of detention against them is faced with difficulties, primarily due to the fundamental problems of the entire Russian criminal proceedings: the excessive length of the proceedings, its excessive bureaucratization, formalism, the hypertrophied role of the preliminary investigation before the trial, poor conditions of detention and others. Materials of St. Petersburg, Arkhangelsk region are used.
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Nino, Michele. "European Arrest Warrant; Preventive Detention." Journal of Criminal Law 71, no. 6 (December 2007): 501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/jcla.2007.71.6.501.
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Corrado, Michael. "Punishment, quarantine, and preventive detention." Criminal Justice Ethics 15, no. 2 (June 1996): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0731129x.1996.9992013.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Preventive detention"
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Neto, Manoel Correia de Oliveira Andrade. "A prisão preventiva entre suas funções declarada e oculta: uma análise a partir das decisões denegatórias de habeas corpus pela câmara criminal do Tribunal de justiça de Alagoas." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1135.
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O caminho percorrido neste trabalho teve como ponto de partida a exposição dos marcos teóricos do liberalismo clássico e da criminologia positivista, responsáveis pela construção do discurso jurídico-penal que legitima o poder de punir do Estado e da ideologia da defesa social, a qual, em suma, sustenta ser o direito penal uma reação ao comportamento de uma minoria desviante e proteção aos interesses da maioria; ou seja, o crime como um mal e a pena como resposta, remédio, que o Estado está legitimado a ministrar seja como retribuição, seja como contra-estímulo, para restauração da ordem. Ato contínuo, expus como pesquisas realizadas a partir dos aportes teóricos da reação social e, especialmente, da criminologia crítica, foram responsáveis pela deslegitimação daquele discurso e ideologia, revelando a verdadeira e oculta função do sistema penal, sua eficácia invertida: a legitimação e reprodução das assimetrias sociais através do controle social dos extratos mais vulneráveis. A dimensão desta disfunção pode ser medida quando conhecido que cerca de 40% (quarenta por cento), no Brasil, e 60% (sessenta por cento), em Alagoas, dentre todos os encarcerados, experimentam prisão preventiva, número que chama a atenção de criminólogos, mas também de pesquisadores de diversas outras áreas, bem como de uma parcela da sociedade civil, para a opção feita pelo sistema de justiça criminal de privação da liberdade anterior à condenação e, muitas vezes, ao próprio processamento. E, isto, apesar de o discurso declarado ou o conteúdo programático do direito processual brasileiro erigir a presunção de inocência a princípio fundamental, com assento na Constituição Federal e, portanto, como regra que impede o tratamento de culpado àqueles que não tenham sido condenados pela prática de um crime. A partir deste problema, então, realizei a coleta de dados de todos os acórdãos denegatórios de ordem de habeas corpus julgados no período de um ano pela câmara criminal do Tribunal de Justiça de Alagoas, quando estivesse presente no fundamento a necessidade da manutenção da prisão ante a presença dos requisitos autorizadores para decreto; os dados revelaram que a periculosidade do preso, a possibilidade de reiteração delitiva e a gravidade do crime eram os motivos que concentravam a atenção dos magistrados. Desta forma, separei três decisões típicas e, através do método de análise de conteúdo, busquei, para além do conteúdo declarado, aquele outro, não dito, oculto, capaz de revelar o real motivo para o alto número de encarceramento preventivo. Em conclusão, a pesquisa demonstrou que a prisão preventiva tem cumprido uma real função de medida de segurança para imputáveis, considerados perigosos, dando-se elevada importância aos elementos informativos colhidos durante a investigação, posto que a conduta imputada, e reveladora da periculosidade, não é outra senão aquela atribuída pela autoridade policial. Neste sentido, a seletividade policial, realizada, como demonstram os estudos da criminologia crítica sobre os extratos mais débeis e precários da sociedade, é chancelada pela seletividade judicial, que contribui decisivamente para que o sistema penal realize suas reais funções de neutralização e disciplina das classes sociais inferioresThe path this work had as its starting point the exposure of theoretical frameworks of classical liberalism and positivist criminology, responsible for building the legal and criminal speech that legitimizes the power to punish the state and ideology of social defense, which, in short, contends that the criminal law a reaction to the behavior of a deviant minority and protecting the interests of the majority; ie the crime as an evil and off in response, remedy, that the state is legitimized the minister is paid back either as counter-stimulus for restoring order. Immediately thereafter, exposed as research conducted from the theoretical contributions of social reaction and especially of critical criminology, were responsible for the delegitimization of that discourse and ideology, revealing the true and hidden function of the penal system, its inverted effectiveness: the legitimation and reproduction social asymmetries through social control of the most vulnerable strata. The size of this dysfunction can be measured when known that about 40% (forty percent), Brazil, and 60% (sixty percent), Alagoas, of all the prisoners, experience probation, a number that draws attention criminologists, but also of researchers from several other areas as well as a portion of the civil society, the choice made by the criminal justice system of deprivation of liberty prior to sentencing and often the processing itself. And this, despite the declared speech or the curriculum of the Brazilian procedural law erect the presumption of innocence the fundamental principle with seat in the Federal Constitution and therefore, as a rule that prevents the treatment of guilty to those who have not been convicted of commission of a crime. From this problem, then realized the collection of data from all denegatórios judgments of habeas corpus order judged within one year by the criminal chamber of the Court of Alagoas, were present when the foundation the need for prison maintenance ante the presence of authorizers requirements to decree; the data revealed that the "dangerousness of the prisoner," the "possibility of repetition delitiva" and the "gravity of the crime" were the reasons that concentrated the attention of the judges. Thus, separated three typical decisions and through the content analysis method, I looked beyond the declared content, that other, unspoken, hidden, able to reveal the real reason for the high number of preventive imprisonment. In conclusion, the research has shown that pre-trial detention has fulfilled a real security measure attributable to function, considered "dangerous" if giving high importance to the elements of information collected during the investigation, since "its conduct", and revealing the "dangerousness" is none other than that assigned by the police. In this regard, police selectivity held, as shown by studies of critical criminology on the weakest and most precarious strata of society, is sealed by the court selectivity, which contributes decisively to the criminal justice system to hold its real neutralization of functions and discipline of classes lower social.
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Blum, Stephanie. "Preventive detention in the war on terror a plan for a more moderate and sustainable solution /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FBlum.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Morag, Nadav ; Rollins, John. "December 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 30, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-231). Also available in print.
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Durán-Sánchez, Mabel Gabriela. "Accidental Detention: A Threat to the Legitimacy of Venezuelan Democracy." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4667.
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The main argument of this thesis is that the penitentiary crisis in Venezuela is brought about an inept criminal justice system whose functioning (or lack thereof) further exacerbates overcrowding in penitentiary facilities as well as violates the most basic human rights. More elaborately, I argue that the unintentional (mis)use of pre-trial preventive detention, one of the consequences of the inept criminal justice system, further exacerbates the overcrowding in prisons and creates serious human rights implications. The purpose of this study is to establish a connection between the penitentiary crisis in Venezuela, with a focus on pre-trial preventive detention, and the larger criminal justice system failure in the country. The data source and data gathering technique for the thesis consists of a content analysis and a secondary literature review. Since the theoretical framework of the project is international human rights, instruments from the United Nations and the Organization of American States are used. Reports from non-governmental organizations like Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and Observatorio Venezolano de Prisiones provide the data to conduct the analysis which is specific to pre-trial preventive detention in Venezuela. These reports are produced on a yearly basis and will help to compliment the data obtained from government sources, mainly the Venezuelan Ombudsman's office. The findings of the thesis support the argument that contrary to common belief, the (mis)use of pre-trial preventive detention in Venezuela is in fact mainly accidental, it is not systematic in the sense that it is not targeting a particular group of people due to their political affiliation and/or beliefs. Furthermore, I prove that Venezuelan penitentiary facilities are overcrowded due to the (mis)use of pre-trial preventive detention. Immediate recommendations for the Venezuelan state include re-categorizing the penal population in Venezuela as well as diminishing the use of deprivation of liberty, specifically pre-trial preventive detention.
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Andrade, Neto Manoel Correia de Oliveira. "A prisão preventiva entre suas funções declarada e oculta: uma análise a partir das decisões denegatórias de habeas corpus pela câmara criminal do Tribunal de justiça de Alagoas." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/554.
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Previous issue date: 2015-04-24The path this work had as its starting point the exposure of theoretical frameworks of classical liberalism and positivist criminology, responsible for building the legal and criminal speech that legitimizes the power to punish the state and ideology of social defense, which, in short, contends that the criminal law a reaction to the behavior of a deviant minority and protecting the interests of the majority; ie the crime as an evil and off in response, remedy, that the state is legitimized the minister is paid back either as counter-stimulus for restoring order. Immediately thereafter, exposed as research conducted from the theoretical contributions of social reaction and especially of critical criminology, were responsible for the delegitimization of that discourse and ideology, revealing the true and hidden function of the penal system, its inverted effectiveness: the legitimation and reproduction social asymmetries through social control of the most vulnerable strata. The size of this dysfunction can be measured when known that about 40% (forty percent), Brazil, and 60% (sixty percent), Alagoas, of all the prisoners, experience probation, a number that draws attention criminologists, but also of researchers from several other areas as well as a portion of the civil society, the choice made by the criminal justice system of deprivation of liberty prior to sentencing and often the processing itself. And this, despite the declared speech or the curriculum of the Brazilian procedural law erect the presumption of innocence the fundamental principle with seat in the Federal Constitution and therefore, as a rule that prevents the treatment of guilty to those who have not been convicted of commission of a crime. From this problem, then realized the collection of data from all denegatórios judgments of habeas corpus order judged within one year by the criminal chamber of the Court of Alagoas, were present when the foundation the need for prison maintenance ante the presence of authorizers requirements to decree; the data revealed that the "dangerousness of the prisoner," the "possibility of repetition delitiva" and the "gravity of the crime" were the reasons that concentrated the attention of the judges. Thus, separated three typical decisions and through the content analysis method, I looked beyond the declared content, that other, unspoken, hidden, able to reveal the real reason for the high number of preventive imprisonment. In conclusion, the research has shown that pre-trial detention has fulfilled a real security measure attributable to function, considered "dangerous" if giving high importance to the elements of information collected during the investigation, since "its conduct", and revealing the "dangerousness" is none other than that assigned by the police. In this regard, police selectivity held, as shown by studies of critical criminology on the weakest and most precarious strata of society, is sealed by the court selectivity, which contributes decisively to the criminal justice system to hold its real neutralization of functions and discipline of classes lower social.
O caminho percorrido neste trabalho teve como ponto de partida a exposição dos marcos teóricos do liberalismo clássico e da criminologia positivista, responsáveis pela construção do discurso jurídico-penal que legitima o poder de punir do Estado e da ideologia da defesa social, a qual, em suma, sustenta ser o direito penal uma reação ao comportamento de uma minoria desviante e proteção aos interesses da maioria; ou seja, o crime como um mal e a pena como resposta, remédio, que o Estado está legitimado a ministrar seja como retribuição, seja como contra-estímulo, para restauração da ordem. Ato contínuo, expus como pesquisas realizadas a partir dos aportes teóricos da reação social e, especialmente, da criminologia crítica, foram responsáveis pela deslegitimação daquele discurso e ideologia, revelando a verdadeira e oculta função do sistema penal, sua eficácia invertida: a legitimação e reprodução das assimetrias sociais através do controle social dos extratos mais vulneráveis. A dimensão desta disfunção pode ser medida quando conhecido que cerca de 40% (quarenta por cento), no Brasil, e 60% (sessenta por cento), em Alagoas, dentre todos os encarcerados, experimentam prisão preventiva, número que chama a atenção de criminólogos, mas também de pesquisadores de diversas outras áreas, bem como de uma parcela da sociedade civil, para a opção feita pelo sistema de justiça criminal de privação da liberdade anterior à condenação e, muitas vezes, ao próprio processamento. E, isto, apesar de o discurso declarado ou o conteúdo programático do direito processual brasileiro erigir a presunção de inocência a princípio fundamental, com assento na Constituição Federal e, portanto, como regra que impede o tratamento de culpado àqueles que não tenham sido condenados pela prática de um crime. A partir deste problema, então, realizei a coleta de dados de todos os acórdãos denegatórios de ordem de habeas corpus julgados no período de um ano pela câmara criminal do Tribunal de Justiça de Alagoas, quando estivesse presente no fundamento a necessidade da manutenção da prisão ante a presença dos requisitos autorizadores para decreto; os dados revelaram que a periculosidade do preso , a possibilidade de reiteração delitiva e a gravidade do crime eram os motivos que concentravam a atenção dos magistrados. Desta forma, separei três decisões típicas e, através do método de análise de conteúdo, busquei, para além do conteúdo declarado, aquele outro, não dito, oculto, capaz de revelar o real motivo para o alto número de encarceramento preventivo. Em conclusão, a pesquisa demonstrou que a prisão preventiva tem cumprido uma real função de medida de segurança para imputáveis, considerados perigosos , dando-se elevada importância aos elementos informativos colhidos durante a investigação, posto que a conduta imputada , e reveladora da periculosidade , não é outra senão aquela atribuída pela autoridade policial. Neste sentido, a seletividade policial, realizada, como demonstram os estudos da criminologia crítica sobre os extratos mais débeis e precários da sociedade, é chancelada pela seletividade judicial, que contribui decisivamente para que o sistema penal realize suas reais funções de neutralização e disciplina das classes sociais inferiores
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Carreiro, Ana Sofia Maciel. "O “corte” dos presos com o exterior e o interior. Representações das auto-mutilações em reclusos preventivos." Master's thesis, ISPA -Instituto Universitário, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/2619.
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O presente projecto de investigação tem por objectivo compreender as respresentações
psicológicas das auto-mutilações em reclusos preventivos. Em primeiro lugar é necessário
perceber de que forma o meio prisional exacerba ou minora comportamentos de automutilação,
em indivíduos que já apresentavam histórial deste tipo de comportamento. Em
segundo, investigar de que forma o meio prisional influência a manifestação súbita de automutilações,
em indivíduos sem história de auto-mutilação, e por outro lado se estes sofrem de
algum tipo de perturbação psicológica.
A amostra será constituída por 10 reclusos preventivos, do sexo masculino com
comportamentos de auto-mutilação de um Estabelecimento Prisional que inclua preventivo.
Os instrumentos que serão utilizados para responder aos problemas formulados são os
seguites, um questionário sociodemográfico, de forma a tentar despistar os reclusos
preventivos que se auto-mutilam, uma entrevista clínica estruturada para as perturbações de
personalidade do Eixo II do DSM-IV chamada, SCD-II de forma a que se possa delinear um
diagnóstico para averiguar se os sujeitos têm algum distúrbio de personalidade do Eixo II. Por
último será aplicada uma entrevista semi-directiva a cada um dos reclusos preventivos com o
objectivo de recolher informação sobre a representação das auto-mutilações para cada um dos
participantes.
Com a realização desta investigação espera-se obter informações que possam ajudar os
elementos dos Serviços de Tratamento Penitênciário a actuar de forma mais acertiva com este tipo de problemática de forma a tentar prevenir alguns destes comportamentos.This paper aims to understand the psychological representations behind self-inflicted injuries in convicts. First it is necessary to understand how prison can increase or decrease this type of behavioral in individuals with history of self-abuse. And secondly it is important to investigate how being imprisoned can make individuals without any history of hurting themselves begin those doing so and if there is any evidence of a psychological disorder. The sample will consist in 10 male individuals in preventive detention with self-abuse behavior. It is important to study this kind of prisoners because this is a time when they are more vulnerable to the kind of behavior that is being studied. There will be a questionnaire about social and demographic feature of the individuals so as to understand if there are any self-mutilation behaviors. Afterwards the participants will answer some questions in a structured interview so as to be able to study if there are any personality disorders to be diagnosed. Finally there will be a semi-direct interview so to be able to understand everybody's representations on self-inflicted injuries. With this paper I expect to help clinical services in prison to know how to best control and deal with this type of behavioral, so as to decrease its occurrence.
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Miranda, Julio Gonzalo. "La prisión provisional como pena anticipada." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672290.
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La prisión provisional es utilizada aun en nuestros días como una pena anticipada. Esa percepción permitió analizar en el presente trabajo el instituto pretendidamente procesal bajo distintos prismas y con las herramientas que brindan diversas disciplinas. La base constitucional radica en la observación de la presunción de inocencia, principalmente en cuanto regla de tratamiento del imputado. La mirada social fue entendida dentro de las ciencias de comunicación y las funciones y problemas que se advierten en la actividad mediática dirigida al proceso penal en un Estado Democrático. La dogmática del instituto cautelar y el deslinde de los distintos elementos que conforman la decisión de encarcelamiento sin condena se detuvo en las dificultades que subsisten respecto del modo de justificar la medida tanto en sus fundamentos como en el plano probatorio. Finalmente, el estudio de las teorías de la pena permitió advertir la identidad de funciones que, en muchos casos, se verifica entre la prisión provisional y la pena, las cuales coinciden con una equivalencia de efectos y consecuencias que se advierten ilegítimas. Se defiende, en definitiva, que la medida cautelar no puede tomar los fines de la sanción.The provisional prison is still used today as an anticipated penalty. This perception allowed the analysis of the allegedly procedural institute in the present work under different prisms and with the tools provided by various disciplines. The constitutional basis lies in the observation of the presumption of innocence, mainly as a rule of treatment of the accused. The social view was understood within the communication sciences and the functions and problems that are noticed in the media activity directed to the criminal process in a Democratic State. The dogmatics of the precautionary institute and the demarcation of the different elements that make up the decision of imprisonment without conviction stopped at the remaining difficulties regarding the way to justify the measure both on its grounds and on the probative level. Finally, the study of the theories of punishment allowed us to notice the identity of functions that, in many cases, is verified between provisional imprisonment and punishment, which coincide with an equivalence of effects and consequences that are perceived as illegitimate. Ultimately, it is argued that the precautionary measure cannot take the purpose of the sanction.
La presó provisional és utilitzada fins i tot en els nostres dies com una pena anticipada. Aquesta percepció va permetre analitzar en el present treball l'institut pretesament processal sota diferents prismes i amb les eines que brinden diverses disciplines. La base constitucional rau en l'observació de la presumpció d'innocència, principalment pel que fa regla de tractament de l'imputat. La mirada social va ser entesa dins de les ciències de comunicació i les funcions i problemes que s'adverteixen en l'activitat mediàtica adreçada a el procés penal en un Estat Democràtic. La dogmàtica de l'institut cautelar i la delimitació dels diferents elements que conformen la decisió d'empresonament sense condemna es va aturar en les dificultats que subsisteixen respecte de la manera de justificar la mesura tant en els seus fonaments com en el pla probatori. Finalment, l'estudi de les teories de la pena permetre advertir la identitat de funcions que, en molts casos, es verifica entre la presó provisional i la pena, les quals coincideixen amb una equivalència d'efectes i conseqüències que s'adverteixen il·legítimes. Es defensa, en definitiva, que la mesura cautelar no pot prendre els fins de la sanció.
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Reihanian, Aurane. "La rétention de sûreté : une approche pénale et constitutionnelle." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC026.
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Le droit pénal français est traversé par une volonté de prévenir la récidive. Cette volonté est visiblement, aujourd’hui, à son apogée. La menace criminelle se trouvant à un niveau paroxysmique, les solutions visant à l’annihiler fleurissent au rythme des faits divers et actes terroristes. Les mesures de sûreté se trouvent ainsi dans le champ de cette entreprise de renforcement de notre arsenal pénal. Parmi les mesures de sûreté, la rétention de sûreté est particulièrement marquée par le sceau de cette volonté. Elle a ainsi, notamment par ses caractéristiques, nourrit de nombreux et houleux débats au sein de la doctrine française et étrangère. Effectivement, cette mesure part du postulat que certains criminels –en l’espèce les criminels sexuels -présentent des troubles mentaux laissant présumer un risque de récidive. La dangerosité doit alors être appréhendée sous le prisme criminologique et psychologique pour que l’individu dangereux ne répète pas l’acte pénalement incriminable. Cet instrument pénal au service de la sécurité et de la sûreté publique se confronte, de facto, à l’enjeu de la préservation des droits et libertés garanties tant par notre droit interne que les diverses sources du droit international.Au-delà des enjeux liés à la technicité juridique inhérent à tout instrument de droit pénal, la rétention de sûreté est à la croisée de nombreux enjeux: criminologiques, psychologiques, sociaux, constitutionnels et conventionnels qui ne peuvent sombrer dans l’ignorance. Qu’on partage ou non la visée Politique-au sens classique du terme, c’est-à-dire de rendre possible ce qui est nécessaire-de ladite mesure, il semble utile au regard de l’acuité des débats juridico politiques, de faire la lumière sur ses caractéristiques et ses évolutions qui restent aujourd’hui autant d’obscures angles mortsFrench criminal law is marked by a desire to prevent recidivism. This will is clearly today, at its peak. The criminal threat isat a paroxysmal level, the solutions to annihilate it flourish with the increase of criminal and terrorist acts. The security measures are thus in the field of this project of strengthening our criminal arsenal.Among security measures, security detention is particularly marked by the seal of this will. It has, in particular, by its characteristics, fed many and heated debates within the French and foreign doctrine.Indeed, this measure is based on the assumption that some criminals -in this case sex offenders -present mental disorders that suggest a risk of reoffending. The dangerousness must then be apprehended under the criminological and psychological prism in order to prevent the dangerous individual to not repeat the act criminally incriminable.This criminal instrument supporting security and public safety confronts, de facto, with the challenge of preserving the rights and freedoms guaranteed both by our internal law and by the various sources of international law. Beyond the issues related to the legal technicality inherent in any criminal law instrument, security detention is at the crossroads of many issues: criminological, psychological, social, constitutional and conventional that cannot sink into ignorance.Whether or not we share the Political aim -in the traditional sense of the term, that is to say to make possible what is necessary -of the said measure, it seems useful in view of the sharpness of legal and political debates, to shed light on its characteristics and evolutions, which remain today as obscure blind spots
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Dyer, Andrew. "Can Charters of Rights Limit Penal Populism? Irreducible Life Sentences, Disproportionate Sentences and Preventive Detention in Australia and under the Human Rights Act 1998 (UK) & the European Convention on Human Rights." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24593.
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In this thesis, I argue that human rights charters can improve protections for criminal offenders against penal populist laws that objectify and exclude them. In cases where such laws have been challenged on separation of powers or other grounds in Australia, the Courts have frequently used highly formalistic and unpersuasive reasoning when declining to intervene. On the other hand, in cases where prisoners have alleged that were being punished incompatibly with the European Convention on Human Rights, the UK judges and the judges of the European Court of Human Rights (‘ECtHR’) – particularly the latter – have adopted a more assertive approach. In so doing, they have interpreted Convention rights as they should: they have sought to place liberal constraints on democratic action, while also being careful not to move too far ahead of the popular will. However, recent charter overrides in the Australian State of Victoria – and Westminster’s hostility to the ECtHR’s decisions in the prisoner voting case of Hirst (No 2) v United Kingdom [2005] IX Eur Court HR and the irreducible life sentence case of Vinter v United Kingdom [2013] III Eur Court HR 317 – do show that ‘weak-form’ charters will not necessarily grant prisoners all of the benefits that the judiciary would confer on them. Nor would ‘strong-form’ charters certainly do a better job. This does not make human rights charters futile. It simply means that, while such charters can improve the position of prisoners, the extent to which they will do so depends on all the circumstances – including charter design and the political culture in the relevant jurisdiction.
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Nakaharada, Carlos Eduardo Mitsuo. "Prisão preventiva: direito à razoável duração e necessidade de prazo legal máximo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-08042016-164648/.
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O direito à razoável duração do processo, inserido expressamente no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro a partir do advento da Emenda Constitucional 45/2004, já poderia ser inferido desde a incorporação da Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos, bem como ser considerado um corolário da garantia do devido processo legal. Todo indivíduo tem o direito a um processo sem dilações indevidas, em especial aquele que se encontre submetido a uma prisão preventiva, medida cautelar pessoal de extrema gravosidade. Nesse contexto, exsurge o direito que o indivíduo preso preventivamente tem de que o seu processo seja julgado em um prazo razoável ou de que ele seja desencarcerado, caso preso além da necessidade fática contida no caso concreto. Entretanto, a interpretação da garantia não pode restar somente à livre vontade dos aplicadores do direito, sendo necessária uma regulamentação legal efetiva da duração da prisão preventiva, por meio de prazos concretos nos quais o sujeito deverá ser posto em liberdade, ante a desídia estatal. Incorporando experiências estrangeiras, deve o legislador pátrio adotar marcos temporais legais, em que a prisão preventiva deverá cessar, caso excessivamente prolongada. Muito embora no ano de 2011 tenha sido reformada a tutela das medidas cautelares pessoais no Código de Processo Penal, o legislador ordinário não aprovou a imposição de limites de duração da prisão preventiva, permanecendo ao livre arbítrio das autoridades judiciárias a interpretação da garantia em referência. Assim, o Projeto de Lei do Novo Código de Processo Penal, atualmente em trâmite no Congresso Nacional, ao prever limites máximos de duração da prisão preventiva, dá uma efetiva regulamentação à garantia da duração razoável do imputado preso, devendo ser, espera-se, mantido no eventual texto final aprovado.The right to reasonable duration of process, inserted expressly into Brazilian law from the advent of the 45th Constitutional Amendment, of 2004, could already be inferred since the incorporation of the American Convention on Human Rights, as well as be considered a corollary of the due process of law clause. Each individual has the right to a process without undue delay, specially those submitted to preventive detention, personal precautionary measure of extreme severity. In this context, arises the right of the individual who is preventively arrested that his case is ruled within a reasonable time, or that he is set free, when remanded beyond factual necessity. However, the interpretation of such right cannot be left only to the free will of law enforcers, needing an effective legal regulation regarding the duration of preventive detentions, through concrete marks in which the individual must be set free, before the state negligence. Incorporating foreign experiences, Brazilian legislator must adopt temporal legal marks, in which preventive detention must cease, in case it is excessively delayed. Despite modification in 2011 of the legal regulation of personal precautionary measures contained in the Criminal Procedure Code, the ordinary legislator did not approve the imposition of limits of duration regarding preventive detention, remaining to the free will of judicial authorities the interpretation of the referred right. Thus, the Project of the New Criminal Procedure Code, currently in progress through the National Parliament, containing maximum limits of duration regarding preventive detention effectively regulates such guarantee thus must be, as expected, held in the final approved legal text.
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Albertus, Chesne Joy. "The constitutionality of using deadly force against a fleeing suspect for purposes of arrest." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2766_1205414522.
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The advent of the supreme Constitution signaled the beginning of an era during which the South African legal system must be intolerant to human rights violations. All laws and conduct must conform to the Constitution. If it does not then the law or conduct must be declared invalid to the extent that it is inconsistent with the Constitution. This paper questions the constitutionality of the use of deadly force against a fleeing suspect in terms of section 49 of the Criminal Procedure Act. In particular this paper sets out the circumstances in which section 49 justifies the use of deadly force against fugitives.
Books on the topic "Preventive detention"
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India, ed. Bharat's preventive detention in India. New Delhi: Bharat Law House, 2000.
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Saxena, Priti. Preventive detention and human rights. New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publications, 2007.
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Hussain, Faqir. Personal liberty and preventive detention. [Peshawar]: University Foundation Press, University of Peshawar, 1989.
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South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre., ed. Preventive detention and individual liberty. New Delhi: South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre, 2000.
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Mahmood, M. Dilawar. Preventive detention in the sub-continent. Lahore, Pakistan: Kausar Bros., 1988.
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dell'Isola, Marccello Franco. La prisión preventiva. [Montevideo, Uruguay]: Editorial Universidad, 1996.
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Sulaymān, ʻAbd Allāh Sulaymān. al-Naẓarīyah al-ʻāmmah lil-tadābi̲r al-iḥtirāzīyah: Dirāsah muqāranah. al-Jazāʼir: al-Muʼassasah al-Waṭanīyah lil-Kitāb, 1990.
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Stanisław, Frankowski, and Shelton Dinah, eds. Preventive detention: A comparative and international law perspective. Dordrecht: M. Nijhoff, 1992.
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1950-, Harding Andrew, and Hatchard John, eds. Preventive detention and security law: A comparative survey. Dordrecht: M. Nijhoff, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Preventive detention"
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Fox, L. W. "Preventive Detention." In The Modern English Prison, 167–75. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003435440-15.
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Williams, Andy. "Preventive detention and extended sentences." In Violent and Sexual Offenders, 462–75. Second Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019. | Revised edition of Violent and sexual offenders, 2009.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315310411-28.
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Webber, Diane. "Domestic perspectives on preventive detention." In Human Rights Law and Counter Terrorism Strategies, 56–96. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367817275-5.
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Tyulkina, Svetlana, and George Williams. "Combating terrorism in Australia through preventative detention orders." In Regulating Preventive Justice, 136–52. New York : Routledge, [2016]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315620978-8.
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Webber, Diane. "The international law framework for preventive detention." In Human Rights Law and Counter Terrorism Strategies, 25–55. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367817275-4.
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Hammerschick, Walter. "Pre-trial detention in Austria: a preventive approach 1." In European Perspectives on Pre-Trial Detention, 16–34. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159254-2.
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Bari, M. Ehteshamul, and Safia Naz. "The Quest for a Standard Preventive Detention Framework." In The Use of Preventive Detention Laws in Malaysia: A Case for Reform, 39–60. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5811-5_3.
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Bari, M. Ehteshamul, and Safia Naz. "Preventive Detention Laws in Malaysia & Their Use." In The Use of Preventive Detention Laws in Malaysia: A Case for Reform, 61–111. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5811-5_4.
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Dawidziuk, Ewa. "Human Rights in the Context of Post-Conviction Preventive Detention in Poland." In European Union and its Neighbours in a Globalized World, 9–31. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41253-0_2.
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"PREVENTIVE DETENTION." In Our Nation Unhinged, 63–72. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520943124-010.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Preventive detention"
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Vodanović, Darija. "TEMPORARY REGULATION OF COMPETITION AND CORONAVIRUS." In International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times): Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18833.
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Competition law as one of the foundations of a market economy whose main purpose is to ensure an equal position of entrepreneurs in the market, regardless of the size, market power and other features of the implied system of state aid both at central and local and regional level. The aim and purpose of this research is a clear and tentative way of pointing out the importance of competition in relation to coronavirus. In order to achieve this goal, the paper seeks to provide scientifically based answers to a number of current issues, starting from detention from the definitions of competition and coronavirus. In addition to the above, it is necessary to consider how this disease affected entrepreneurship, which had positive and negative consequences. In addition, it is important to note that it has left a significant impact on our mental health. The main results of the research point to the fact that the coronavirus as a global, economic and health crisis suddenly caught us all overnight and as such changed our lives. In addition to greatly affecting the economy, there is also a blow to the company. In case of suspicion of infection, the obligation to call a doctor, ie a territorially competent epidemiologist, and the obligation to go to an outpatient clinic are determined as a preventive measure. In this paper, qualitative research in correlation with quantitative research was used. Starting from the fact that quantitative research is based on the description of individual conditions, ie the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships, the paper in a representative way seeks to simplify the concept of competition as the driving force of a market economy that entails many benefits consumer choice, innovation. In addition, considering the coronavirus from a quantitative point of view, it is manifested in how the coronavirus as a new strain of virus, discovered in humans, 'stirred' the whole world as such forced people to care about their health and the health of our loved ones. Also, an obligation to adhere to epidemiological measures to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection has been introduced. Qualitative research, as a term used to describe research that focuses on the way individuals and groups view and understand the world, also has a significant impact on this work, primarily because it considers how the pandemic affected the health of people interacting with each other.
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Oruc, Yunus, Kutay Yilmaz, and Serhat Kucukali. "Prevention of Flood Risk Using Detention Basins, Agva Case Study." In 40th IAHR World Congress - "Rivers � Connecting Mountains and Coasts". Spain: The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-90-833476-1-5_iahr40wc-p1025-cd.
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Matei, Carmen. "Reflection on Social Entrepreneurship in the Penitentiary Environment." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/40.
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Entrepreneurship can be a solution to the dilemma: “Labour is a form of education, a way of ensuring existence, gaining autonomy, a physical and mental training, a way of oppression, a form of occupational therapy, all together or …none of the variants listed?” Depending on the reference field and the perspectives offered by different specializations, work is defined as a physical or intellectual action, which develop material and emotional satisfactions. Especially in closed environments, it is practiced as a form of occupational therapy (ergotherapy), because it ensures a sense of usefulness, helping to maintain somato-psycho-emotional health. The schoolmasters highlight the formative values of work for students: evaluate the native skills and abilities, lead to the discovery of new unknown interests and talents, support the student in his perfection by inoculating the ideas of responsibility, order, discipline, etc. Before 1989, in detention environment labour was mandatory, but now, labour is an optional right. The two perspectives are diametrically opposed, and the issue was addressed only from the perspective of reduced job supply, both during detention and after release. There are few publications with strict reference to this topic. In general, the social reintegration of post-execution prisoners is addressed. At this moment, the main problem highlighted is integration/reintegration on the labour market, as the main facilitating step of maintaining the accumulations during the detention period and a primary factor for avoiding the recurrence. However, those who have served a custodial sentence do not have a "ticket" to the labour market. To be known and solved, the situation should be addressed continuously: prevention before detention, education/re-education/training / retraining during detention and placement on the labor market / retraining immediately after release.
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Wibowo, Padmono, Maki Zaenudin Subarkah, Mulyani Rahayu, Pramono, and Naniek Pangestuti. "Prisons and Detention Facilities Preparedness in Indonesia for Preventing and Control of Covid-19." In 1st International Conference on Law and Human Rights 2020 (ICLHR 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210506.021.
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