Academic literature on the topic 'Preventive interview'
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Journal articles on the topic "Preventive interview"
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Li, Yannan, Hui Xie, Nicholas Theodoropoulos, and Qian Wang. "Mammography screening disparities in Asian American women: Findings from the California Health Interview Survey 2015-2016." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e18568-e18568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18568.
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e18568 Background: Foreign-born Asians were less likely to utilize preventive care due to medicine beliefs, language barriers, insurance coverage, and more. Their perceptions of breast cancer risks and screening benefits for asymptomatic conditions may differ from individuals born in the United States. It is urgent for preventive health professionals to understand screening disparities in Asian Americans. Methods: Data from the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) 2015-2016 were used. Multivariable adjusted logistic regressions were generalized to identify the up-to-date mammography screening in relation to socioeconomic, chronic health condition/health behavior, and preventive care utilization, stratified by race. Results: Of NH-White and Asian American women aged 40 and above (unweighted N = 13,451), 78.41% were NH-White, 25.38% were foreign-born, 56.88% spoke only English at home, and 6.44% were not currently insured. The prevalence for self-reported mammography screening in NH-White and Asian American women were 68.06% and 65.97%, respectively. Among Asian American women, the lowest rate of mammograms was in Koreans (55.29%) and Chinese (72.19%) had the highest rate (p = 0.6438). In NH-White women, place of birth, smoking status, borderline diabetes, high blood pressure, is currently insured, and having a preventive care visit in the past 12 months were significant factors. Within Asian American women, borderline hypertension and having a preventive care visit were significant factors, but not ethnicity. Conclusions: The findings indicate that mammogram disparity in relation to socioeconomics, health behaviors, preventive care utilization, and race. Further development of ethnic-specific cancer prevention strategies and policies that address the subgroup differences within the larger racial/ethnic population are needed. Public health outreach and cancer education should target Asian American women with borderline hypertension and no preventive care visits.
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Theresie, Chindyana Herman, A.L.Rantetampang, and Hasmi. "Analysis of Nursing Behavior in Prevention of Nosocomial Infection in Navy Hospital Dr. Soedibjo Sardadi 2018." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 4, no. 3 (2019): 127–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3935402.
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Background: The hospital is one of the health facilities that has a very important role in improving public health. Knowledge about infection prevention and hygiene behavior is very important for nurses, because hospitals and other health facilities are very dangerous and prone to infection. The general objective of this study is to analyze nurses' behavior in preventing nosocomial infections. The research method is "Cross Sectional". The population is all nurses at the Naval Hospital Dr. Soedibjo Sardadi. The sampling technique is done by using Purposive Sampling. Primary data is collected by interview techniques using questionnaires and observations while secondary data uses data from the Hospital. Data are analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The results showed that there was a relationship between the level of knowledge and preventive behavior (p = 0,000; RR = 2,667; CI (95%) = 1,090-6,524), attitudes with preventive behavior. 005 (RP = 1,745; CI (95%) = 0.970- 3.141), preventive behavior (p = 0.008 (RP = 2.365; CI (95%) = 0.806-6.938)), whereas for the physical environment with preventive behavior there is no relationship with preventive behavior (p = 0.226 (RP = 1,800; CI (95%) = 0.448-7.225), means with preventive behavior (p = .226 (RP = 1,800; CI (95%) = 0,448-7,225), Motivation with preventive behavior (p = 0.323 (RP = 1,346; CI (95%) = 0.601-3.017.
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Agarwal, Juhi, and Poorva Badkur. "Knowledge, attitude and preventive practice of women concerning osteoporosis above 45 years women." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 9 (2018): 3863. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20183809.
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Background: The objective is to determine the knowledge, attitude and preventive practice of women above 45 years old.Methods: It is a cross-sectional analytical study of 100 women above 45 years of upper class women. The interview schedule consisted of 4 parts including questions about knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and also demographic questions.Results: A significant relationship between the score of preventive practice and all the following parameters was found: level of education, hearing about osteoporosis, knowledge score, perceived barrier to preventive actions and perceived seriousness of osteoporosis.Conclusions: Inaccurate or insufficient knowledge and their negative attitude to the preventive actions and their weak practice in case of prevention, it is the responsibility of health policymakers and medical associations to plan for osteoporosis education and prevention initiatives.
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Juliani, Lia. "Peran Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Selatan Dalam Mencegah Tindak Pelecehan Seksual Pada Anak Kota Palembang (Studi Ditreskrimum Subdit IV Polda Sumsel)." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora dan Seni 2, no. 2 (2023): 77–81. https://doi.org/10.62379/jishs.v2i2.1288.
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This thesis is entitled "The Role of the South Sumatra Police in Preventing Sexual Harassment of Children in the City of Palembang (Study of Ditreskrimum Subdit IV Polda Sumsel)" which aims to determine the role played by Ditreskrimum Subdit IV and find out what factors cause acts of sexual abuse against children. in Palembang City. The type of research carried out is qualitative research. The data collection methods used in this research are observation, interviews and documentation. The interview used was a structured interview, so that the author examined the problems raised based on the title of the informant which was carried out on (25 September 2023 to 20 October 2023). The theory used in this research is the role theory put forward by Prof. Dr. Soerjono Soekanto (1982). The results of the research show the role of the South Sumatra Regional Police's Subdit IV Ditreskrimum, especially regarding the factors that cause acts of sexual abuse against children to occur in Palembang City. The role carried out by the Ditreskrimum Subdit IV Polda South Sumatra is to carry out preventive non-penal efforts in the form of (prevention, deterrence or control) before a crime occurs. Forms of prevention taken include data collection, monitoring and supervision as well as outreach and education.
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Hämäläinen, Kati, and Susanna Rautio. "Participants’ home as an interview context when studying sensitive family issues." Journal of Comparative Social Work 8, no. 1 (2013): 41–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v8i1.93.
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This article considers the meaning of the participants’ home as an interview context when studying sensitive family issues. The article is based on two qualitative family studies by the authors on foster children’s perspectives on their home and their family relations and client families’ experiences of preventive family support. Both studies address sensitive family issues, in particular Finnish child welfare. The first author’s interview data consist of interviews with foster children, social network maps and diaries and the second author’s data of interviews with six client families. Most of the interviews were conducted at the participants’ homes, but in the second author's study two interviews were conducted at the university.
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Nava, Daisy Jane, and Marie Gethsemanie Hilario. "Developing Parent Awareness Program to Prevent Abuse among Children with Cognitive Impairment." Academia Lasalliana Journal of Education and Humanities 5, no. 1 (2023): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.55902/bsqi1990.
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This study investigated parents’ awareness and preventive practices related to child abuse, with a focus on children with cognitive impairment. Utilizing a survey questionnaire and group interviews, the research found that parents demonstrated a high level of awareness about the nature of abuse and preventive practices, particularly in the areas of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse. Although survey results indicated that parents often implement preventive measures, the group interview revealed a perceived need for more comprehensive seminars and training. The participants emphasized the importance of research-based information, guidance on government assistance, and support services. In conclusion, the study advocates for ongoing efforts to enhance parents’ awareness and preventive measures against child abuse and proposes a school-based program as a practical solution.
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Yasmeen, Bushra, Nermeen Jamshaid, Muhammad Zohaib Khan, Munnaza Salman, and Raza Ullah. "EFFECTIVENESS OF DENGUE FEVER PREVENTION CAMPAIGNS." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 05 (2015): 571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.05.1269.
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Objectives: Dengue fever badly hits Pakistan in 2011. A large number of peopledied due to dengue fever. To control the alarming situation, other than treatment, work had beenstarted at all levels. Department of Social Welfare and Bait-ul-Maal, Punjab was involved by theCity District Government to work for the awareness among public for the preventive measuresand practices to reduce the spread of the epidemic. Anti-dengue awareness campaigns wereorganized at the community level with the help of non-government organizations. A survey wasconducted with the following objectives to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-dengue awarenessactivities: (1) Public knowledge of Dengue fever. (2) Anti-mosquito Preventive Practices.Study Design: A cross sectional household survey. Setting: Out of ten towns of Lahore city,Samanabad Town was selected. Period: Januarys to March 2014. Methods and Material:Instrument: A structured interview schedule of three sections was designed. Interviews wereconducted from urban/semi-urban communities. Sampling: By using multistage randomsampling, Out of ten towns of Lahore city, Samanabad Town was selected. Samanabad Town isconsisted of 24 union councils with a population of 17 million. Three union councils: 86, 104 and112 were randomly selected. 400 household were randomly selected from these union councilsfor interview to ensure representativeness of the sample. Respondents: Males/Females aged15–65 & above lived in the households of Samanabad Town were the respondents. Onerespondent was selected from each household. Method: In this cross-sectional study, by usingTaro Yamni Formula, 400 interviews were successfully conducted with a response rate of 100%.Other than demographics, 17-items questionnaire measured knowledge and practices aboutawareness and dengue prevention. Descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation coefficientwas used for the analysis of the data. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 20. Results: Maturity ofthe community members’ 76 - 92% was aware and had knowledge of preventive measures. 66- 83% practicing regularly in the households. Data analysis indicated a positive and significantassociation between knowledge about dengue prevention and practices about dengueeradication (r = 0.000, p < .005). Conclusion: Consistent awareness campaigns for denguefever prevention and control enhances public knowledge and motivates individuals to adoptpreventive practices in day to day routine life. To foster and maintain public interest, attractivebeneficial public friendly practical economical practices need to be publicized to motivateyoung ones in communities. Orientation training programs of community paid health workerswill be helpful to improve skills to assert effective dengue fever preventive measures and controlactivities to reduce the breeding sites of mosquitoes.
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Jia, Tiantian, Junjuan Zhang, Jiajia Li, et al. "Qualitative Study on Male Nursing Students’ Cognition of Nine-Valent Preventive Vaccine." Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 5, no. 5 (2021): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcnr.v5i5.2525.
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Objective: To investigate the cognition degree of male nursing students to HPV and nine-valent vaccine and the influencing factors of male willingness to receive nine-valent HPV vaccine. Methods: Qualitative research semi-structured interview was conducted on male nursing students, and phenomenological research method was used to record, ran scribe, encode and classify the interview data and extract the topic. The number of interviews was determined according to the information saturation. Results: Seven themes were summarized in this study, which were mainly divided into two aspects. The promotion of vaccination includes two aspects: self-benefit and benefit of others. The prevention of vaccination mainly includes low awareness rate, feminization of vaccine information, high cost and safety and effectiveness. Conclusion: Male nursing students have low cognition degree and inoculation intention to human papillomavirus and nine-valent vaccine, so it is necessary to further strengthen publicity and carry out college education to improve vaccination.
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Timilsina, Arati, and Shilpa Mahat. "Knowledge and Practices towards Avian Influenza among Poultry Workers in Pokhara." Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 7, no. 1 (2018): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v7i1.23047.
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Avian influenza is currently a threat to global health. Prevention and control of Avian influenza depends on the knowledge and preventive practices of the poultry workers as well as general population. This article aims to assess the knowledge and preventive practices related to Avian influenza among poultry workers in Pokhara. Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 108 poultry workers in Pokhara using purposive sampling. Data was collected through face to face interview using structured interview schedule. The obtained data was analyzed by using descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation). The findings revealed that only 11.1 percent of the respondents had good knowledge. Only 26.9 percent gave correct answer about causative agent and three out of four gave correct definition of Avian influenza. Nearly two-third of the respondents had good practice of preventive measures. There was no significant relationship (r= 0.117, p= 0.226) between knowledge and practice score. The study concludes that the knowledge of Avian Influenza among poultry workers was low and the Practice was found relatively better. The groups should be targeted for appropriate intervention based on knowledge.
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Verberk, Janneke D. M., Sibyl A. Anthierens, Sarah Tonkin-Crine, et al. "Experiences and needs of persons living with a household member infected with SARS-CoV-2: A mixed method study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0249391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249391.
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Background Households are important sites for transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and preventive measures are recommended. This study aimed to 1) investigate the impact of living with a person infected with SARS-CoV-2; 2) understand how household members implemented infection control recommendations in their home; and 3) identify the information and support needs of household members. Methods For this observational mixed-methods study, households with a person with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited via drive-through testing sites of Municipal Health Services, healthcare worker screening or hospital emergency visits in the University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Netherlands and via primary care physicians, hospital emergency visits or preoperative screening in the University Hospital of Antwerp, Belgium. We recorded household characteristics, including characteristics of all household members, together with their views on prevention measures. In a subset of households one adult household member was asked to participate in an interview investigating their views on preventive measures. Survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics and interview data by rapid framework analysis. A triangulation protocol was used to integrate findings. Results Thirty-four households (120 household members) were included in the quantitative survey. Twenty-two households were invited to be interviewed, of which 18 completed an interview (response 81.8%). Survey data showed that almost all households implemented some preventive measures, the use of face masks being least frequently reported. Measures taken depended on what was physically possible, the perceived severity of illness of the index patient and to what extent household members were willing to limit social interaction. Respondents did not believe in the effectiveness of wearing face masks within the house, and from the interviews this was explained by media coverage of face masks, impracticality and the stigma associated with wearing masks. Interviewees reported that quarantine had a high emotional burden and wished to have more information about the exact duration of quarantine, their own COVID-19 status, symptoms and when to seek medical help. Conclusion People were willing to implement prevention measures, however actual adherence depended on perceived severity of illness and the perceived risk of becoming infected. Homes are social environments and recommendations for infection prevention should account for this context. Incorporating our findings into policy making could provide households with more relevant and actionable advice.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Preventive interview"
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Redemo, Matilda, and Linda Radak. "Preventive nursing, an interview study on cervical cancer in south-western Uganda." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26839.
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Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur sjuksköterskor/barnmorskor upplever möjligheter och svårigheter att arbeta förebyggande med livmoderhalscancer i Uganda.Bakgrund: Livmoderhalscancer är den andra vanligaste cancerformen hos kvinnor världen över. Livmoderhalscancer är mest förekommande i Afrika söder om Sahara. I Uganda finns det få sjuksköterskor och barnmorskor som kan utföra hälsosamtal och screening av cellförändringar. Med rätt förebyggande insatser kan incidensen av livmoderhalscancer minska.Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie baserad på åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjumaterialet analyserades med hjälp av innehållsanalys.Resultat: Sjuksköterskorna och barnmorskorna upplevde att förebyggande insatser möjliggjordes genom screening, behandlingar och outreaches, hälsosamtal och utbildning av hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal samt finansiering. Svårigheterna med att arbeta förebyggande med livmoderhalscancer var bristande stöd från regeringen, svåråtkomlig omgivning, attityder i samhället och brist på kunskap. Slutsats: Uganda behöver bättre finansiering, mer utbildad personal samt tillgång till vaccin och behandlingar för att förbättra förebyggandet av livmoderhalscancer. Ett nationellt screening-program som infattar hela befolkningen skulle påverka det förebyggande arbetet positivt.<br>Aim: The aim of this study was to elucidate how nurses/midwives perceive thepossibilities and obstacles to practice preventive nursing regarding cervical cancer in Uganda.Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer form amongst women worldwide. The highest incidence of cervical cancer is found in sub- Saharan Africa. In Uganda there are few nurses and midwives to support cervical cancer screening and health talks. With the right preventive measures the incidence rate could be decreased.Method: A qualitative study design based on eight semi-structured interviews. The data was analysed using content analysis.Results: The perceived possibilities to practise preventive nursing were prevention through screening, outreaches and treatments, prevention through health education and practical training plus financing. Obstacles elucidated during the interviews were lack of support from the government, remote places hard to reach, attitudes in the community and lack of knowledge.Conclusion: In order to enhance the preventive measures regarding cervical cancer, Uganda is in need of better funding, more trained staff, access to vaccine and adequate treatments. It would also be beneficial with a nation wide screening program.
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Hillhouse, Joel J., Katie Baker, Robert Turrisi, et al. "Evaluating a Measure of Tanning Abuse and Dependence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/137.
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Objective To evaluate the Structured Interview for Tanning Abuse and Dependence (SITAD).
Design Longitudinal survey.
Setting College campus.
Participants A total of 296 adults.
Main Outcome Measures The SITAD modified items from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders that focus on opiate abuse and dependence. Indoor tanning (IT) behavioral patterns and opiate-like reactions to tanning were measured, and IT behavior was measured 6 months later.
Results Of 296 participants, 32 (10.8%) met the SITAD criteria for tanning abuse (maladaptive pattern of tanning as manifested by failure to fulfill role obligations, physically hazardous tanning, legal problems, or persistent social or interpersonal problems) and 16 (5.4%) for tanning dependence as defined by 3 or more of the following: loss of control, cut down, time, social problems, physical or psychological problems, tolerance, and withdrawal. The IT frequency in dependent tanners was more than 10 times the rate in participants who do not meet the SITAD criteria for tanning abuse or dependence. Tanning-dependent participants were more likely to report being regular tanners (75%; odds ratio, 7.0). Dependent tanners scored higher on the opiate-like reactions to tanning scale than did abuse tanners, who scored higher than those with no diagnosis.
Conclusions The SITAD demonstrated some evidence of validity, with tanning-dependent participants reporting regular IT, higher IT frequency, and higher scores on an opiate-like reactions to tanning scale. A valid tanning dependence screening tool is essential for researchers and physicians as a tanning-dependent diagnosis may facilitate a better understanding of tanning motivations and aid in the development of efficacious intervention programs.
Recent research has explored the idea that some patterns of tanning behavior may be dependent1- 7 by using a common alcohol screening questionnaire, the CAGE,8 or, alternatively, by adapting criteria for substance-related disorders from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition, Text Revision) (DSM-IV-TR)9 modified to reflect UV light tanning (ie, sunbathing or indoor tanning [IT]).1,4,6,7Whereas data from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse10 report prevalence rates for alcohol and any illicit drug combined as 2.6% to 9.3%, the modified CAGE and modified DSM report tanning dependence rates ranging from 12% to 55%.1,4,6,7,11Prevalence rates for dependence on alcohol and various drugs do differ. However, even in settings enriched for dependent behavior, such as bars,12 prevalence rates are not nearly as high as the tanning dependence rates reported. The high prevalence rates reported suggest that the current assessments tend to overidentify tanning dependence.
Feldman and others suggest that the mechanism for tanning dependence is most likely the release of endogenous opioids when the skin is exposed to UV radiation (see Nolan and Feldman5 for a review). It is probable that exploring tanning behavior by following the approach used in the DSM-IV-TR to categorize opioid use behaviors will lead to improved accuracy in the categorization of tanning dependence.
The Structured Interview for Tanning Abuse and Dependence (SITAD) is a tanning dependence assessment based on opioid use items adapted from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID).13 The use of modified opioid SCID items was chosen specifically for good content and face validity in the measure. The self-administered structured interview format was chosen because this format has been demonstrated to achieve valid psychiatric categorization for opioid dependence in a previous study.14
Evaluation of the SITAD involved exploring differences in variables (ie, IT frequency, IT behavioral patterns, and scores on a scale measuring opiate-like reactions to tanning) that would theoretically be expected to differ among individuals exhibiting tanning abuse, those with tanning dependence, and those who do not meet the SITAD criteria for tanning abuse or dependence. We also expect that use of the SITAD will result in lower prevalence rates for tanning dependence than have been reported in previous studies.1,6,7
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Adler, Franzén Sofia, and Lovisa Larsson. "Prevention of malnutrition among older persons with dementia : an interview study of Cape Town Care Home Nurses’ preventative work." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-2932.
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Background Malnutrition among older persons with dementia is a common issue due to the consequences of the diagnosis, such as physical hindrances or forgetting to eat. Preventative work, against malnutrition for example, is part of the work responsibility of a registered nurse (Swedish Society of Nursing (SSN, 2011). Aim The aim was to describe how Cape Town Care home nurses work to identify and prevent malnutrition in older persons with dementia. Method A qualitative method was used with semi structured-interviews conducted with six nurses working at six different care homes in the Cape Town Area. A qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews. Result It was found that nurses work differently in their preventative work, depending on the policies of the care home. Some uses assessments for identifying malnutrition while others rely on their capacity of observation. There were no standardized aids used overall on the care homes to ensure quality of the work. Conclusion It is important to look beyond the diagnosis of dementia in order to work according to a person-centered perspective with the residents wishes and autonomy in focus. To identify risks of malnutrition; identification is key in the preventative work. The nurses used their skills and experience, rather than standardized assessment aids, to observe changes in the residents’ behavior and outlook.
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Sandberg, Elin. "DISA-metoden : En undersökning om gruppledarnas bedömningar av genomförandet och av metodens framtidsutsikter." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-971.
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<p>Twice as many women as men suffer from mental ill-health. The negative trend of mental problems among teenagers continues. In certain places in Sweden, 40 per cent of the teenage girls have outspoken symptoms of depression. This is why it is important to observe mental ill-health in a public health perspective.</p><p> </p><p>One effect evaluation of the DISA method (Depression In Swedish Adolescents) drew the conclusion that this universal depression preventive method is well working. The DISA method includes cognitive behavioural techniques that change negative pattern of thinking, give practice of communication, strategies of problem solution plus exercises to strengthen the social network. The purpose, in current investigation, was to let the group leaders’ estimations of the carrying through and of future prospects of the method be the basis of the method development as the method can be more effective. Six persons, who recently had became group leaders of DISA in Västmanland, were selected as interviewees by structured selection. Qualitative interviews were completed. A manifest qualitative content analysis carried through on the transcriptions.</p><p> </p><p>Generally speaking, the interest of the method is great and there are bright prospects, according to the result of investigation. The basic education of DISA could however be experienced as heavy and intensive with a negative focus. The structured method material has an advanced language and a stereotyped gender perspective that influence the group meetings, which takes a lot of work and time. The supervision facilitates for the group leaders, as they through supervision will learn from each other’s experiences. A conclusion is that good anchorage of the method facilitates for the group leaders during implementation where the group meetings are carried through.</p><br><p>Dubbelt så många kvinnor som män lider av psykisk ohälsa. Den negativa trenden av psykiska besvär bland tonåringar fortsätter. På vissa ställen i Sverige har 40 procent av tonårsflickorna uttalade depressionssymptom. Därför är det viktigt att uppmärksamma psykisk ohälsa ur ett folkhälsoperspektiv.</p><p> </p><p>En effektutvärdering av DISA-metoden (Depression In Swedish Adolescents) drog slutsatsen att denna universella depressionsförebyggande metod är välfungerande. DISA-metoden innefattar kognitiva beteendetekniker som förändrar negativa tankemönster, ger kommunikationsträning, problemlösningsstrategier samt övningar till att stärka det sociala nätverket. Syftet, i aktuell undersökning, var att låta gruppledarnas bedömningar av genomförandet och av metodens framtidsutsikter utgöra grund för metodutvecklingen, då metoden kan bli mer verkningsfull. Sex nyblivna DISA-gruppledare i Västmanland valdes ut som intervjupersoner genom strategiskt urval. Kvalitativa intervjuer fullbordades och manifest kvalitativ innehållsanalys genomfördes på transkriberingarna.</p><p> </p><p>Intresset för metoden är generellt sett stort och framtidsutsikterna är goda, enligt undersökningsresultatet. Grundutbildningen i DISA kan emellertid upplevas som tung och intensiv med negativt fokus. Det strukturerade metodmaterialet har ett avancerat språk och stereotypt genusperspektiv, vilket inverkar på gruppträffarna som kräver mycket arbete och tid. Handledningen underlättar för gruppledarna, då de under handledningen kan lära av varandras erfarenheter. En slutsats är att god förankring av metoden underlättar för DISA-gruppledarna under implementeringen där gruppträffarna genomförs.</p>
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Nordblom, Eva. "Experiences of malaria and attitudes to malaria prevention among nurses in Tanzania - An interview study." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126034.
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<p>The aim of this qualitative study was to explore experiences of malaria and attitudes to malaria prevention among nurses from Tanzania. Eleven nurses from three hospitals in northern Tanzania were interviewed. The analysis resulted in following categories: <em>The m</em><em>alaria situation was so severe at that time, Being both nurse and parent, Hindrances in the battle, Sharing knowledge </em>and<em> There is a change. </em>Ten out of eleven nurses had had malaria and all of them had been treated with anti-malarial drugs and many of them still had malaria regularly. They remembered times when the malaria situation was worse and the disease killed many more people. Having children resulted in constant worry. Being a nurse had advantages because they lived close to the hospitals so they could initiate early treatment and because they could afford to take preventive measures. Hindrances in the battle against malaria were other people’s lack of knowledge, poverty and difficulty to change lifestyle and environmental conditions. They were proud to be nurses and knowledge was their strength. There were geographical differences in how much hope they had for the future. The nurses in Zanzibar were the most optimistic. The nurses supported the governmental actions against malaria.</p><br><p>Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie var att undersöka vilka upplevelser sjuksköterskor från Tanzania hade av malaria och deras attityder till malariaförebyggande åtgärder. Elva sjuksköterskor från tre sjukhus i norra Tanzania intervjuades. Analysen resulterade i följande kategorier: <em>Malariasituationen var så allvarlig på den tiden, Att vara sjuksköterska och förälder, Hinder i kampen, Att dela kunskap </em>och<em> Det har blivit en förändring.</em> Tio av de elva sjuksköterskorna hade haft malaria och alla hade fått malariabehandling och flera av dem hade fortfarande malaria regelbundet. De hade minnen från när malariasituationen var värre och många fler människor dog av sjukdomen. Att vara förälder innebar konstant oro. Att vara sjuksköterska hade fördelar eftersom de bodde nära sjukhusen och därför kunde inleda snabb behandling och för att de hade råd att genomföra förebyggande åtgärder. Hinder i kampen mot malaria var andra människors okunskap, fattigdom och svårigheter att förändra livsstil. De var stolta över att vara sjuksköterskor och kunskap var deras styrka. Det fanns geografiska skillnader när det gällde deras framtidstro. Sjuksköterskorna på Zanzibar var de mest hoppfulla. Sjuksköterskorna stödde de statliga insatserna mot malaria.</p>
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Persson, Evelina, and Emmie Lindgren. "Nurses´ experiences when caring for patients infected with malaria in Tanzania : A qualitative interview study." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-47551.
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Background: Malaria is one of the mosquito-transmitted diseases that is killing millions of people every year, with the highest prevalence in Africa. In Tanzania, more than 90 percent of the inhabitants are at risk of being infected with malaria. The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum does not obtain specific symptoms and differential diagnoses can make it difficult to diagnose malaria. If malaria gets developed into a severe stage, it can affect organs and eventually cause death. Nurses have the role to educate inhabitants on how to prevent malaria. Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe nurses ́ experiences when caring for patients infected with malaria in Tanzania. Method: Study with a qualitative approach. A content analysis with a manifest structure was carried out, based on individual semi-structured in-depth interviews with nurses. Result: Nurses found it difficult to differentiate malaria from other diseases, like typhoid or meningitis. Nurses focused mostly on patients’ physical by working with medical treatment and education about malaria prevention. Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance for nurses of being educated about malaria and knowing how to assess its condition as it can be a mortal disease.
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Breytenbach, Elizabeth. "A revision of a maternal interview questionnaire used in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder prevention programmes in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86474.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M Speech Path)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was done in collaboration with the Foundation for Alcohol Related Research (FARR), a
non-governmental organization whose primary objective is to develop and maintain Fetal Alcohol
Spectrum Disorder (FASD) prevention programmes across South Africa. Research has shown the
occurrence of FASD in South Africa to be much higher than in other parts of the world.
As part of their prevention programmes, FARR uses a three part diagnostic process, including a
maternal interview, a dysmorphological examination, as well as a general developmental
assessment. The maternal interview questionnaire that FARR currently uses takes an average of two
hours per interviewee to complete. Even though a recent study indicates that FASD prevention
programmes administered by FARR can potentially reduce FASD prevalence, shorter maternal
interviews could improve the use of FARR resources and the ability of FASD research studies to
gather meaningful information and inform future prevention efforts.
The main purpose of this study was to adjust the maternal interview questionnaire used by FARR in
order to make interviews with mothers shorter while delivering the information needed for
successful FASD prevention programmes.
Data related to the adequacy of the adjusted maternal interview questionnaire was collected and
analysed according to an action research approach in four consecutive phases. The research
procedures consisted of two separate focus group interviews with five key role players from FARR.
During the first focus group interview the main problems with the questionnaire was identified as
being (i) the length of the questionnaire, (ii) the unsuitability of the questionnaire to interview
someone other than the biological mother, and (iii) inconsistency between interviewers when using
the questionnaire. During the second phase of the study the questionnaire was adjusted and revised
as part of a second focus group interview. The interviewers, data capturer and data analyst who
used the adjusted questionnaire as part of a larger FASD prevention programme made several
suggestions on how the questionnaire could be further adjusted to suit the needs of FARR. These
suggestions were addressed during the final phase of the study, after which the adjusted
questionnaire was finalized. Findings from the study suggest that identified problems with FARR’s original maternal interview
questionnaire were successfully addressed by the adjusted questionnaire, while simultaneously
satisfying the objectives of a maternal interview as identified by participants during the first focus
group interview. Results confirmed that more maternal interviews could be conducted in the same
time period using the adjusted interview questionnaire compared to when the original questionnaire
was used, due to the fact that the questionnaire was shorter and took less time to administer. As
part of this study an additional questionnaire was developed specifically for caregiver interviews.
According to FARR role players, inconsistency between interviewers was for the most past
successfully addressed by the development of this additional questionnaire and the development of
an interviewer guideline. Recommendations for future research include the further development
and evaluation of the caregiver questionnaire and interviewer guideline.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is uitgevoer in samewerking met die “Foundation for Alcohol Related Research”
(FARR), ‘n nie-regeringsorganisasie met die primêre objektief om Fetale Alkohol Spektrum Afwyking
(FASA) voorkomingsprogramme in Suid-Afrika te ontwikkel en te handhaaf. Volgens navorsing is die
voorkoms van FASA in Suid-Afrika beduidend hoër as in ander dele van die wêreld.
‘n Drie-delige diagnostiese proses word as deel van FARR se voorkomingsprogramme gebruik,
insluitend ‘n onderhoud gefokus op moeders, ‘n dismorfologiese ondersoek, asook ‘n evaluasie van
die kind se algehele ontwikkeling. Die moeder-onderhoudsvraelys wat tans deur FARR gebruik word
neem gemiddeld twee ure om te voltooi. Alhoewel ‘n onlangse studie aandui dat die
voorkomingsprogramme deur FARR oor die potensiaal beskik om die prevalensie van FASA te
verlaag, kan korter moeder-onderhoude potensieël daartoe lei dat bronne beter benut word, asook
dat FASA voorkomingstudies betekenisvolle inligting versamel vir die ontwikkeling van toekomstige
voorkomingsprogramme.
Die hoofdoel van die huidge studie was om die moeder-onderhoudsvraelys wat tans deur FARR
gebruik word aan te pas, om sodoende die onderhoude met moeders korter te maak terwyl die
nodige inligting vir suksesvolle FASA voorkomingsprogramme steeds verkry word.
Gedurende hierdie studie is data rakende die toereikendheid van die aangepaste moederonderhousdvraelys
versamel en geanaliseer volgens ‘n aksie-navorsingsbenadering in vier
opeenvolgende fases. Die navorsingsprosedures het bestaan uit twee afsonderlike
fokusgroeponderhoude met vyf van die sleutelrolspelers van FARR. Gedurende die eerste
fokusgroeponderhoud is die hoofprobleme met die vraelys geïdentifiseer as (i) die lengte van die
vraelys, (ii) die ongeskiktheid van die vraelys om ‘n onderhoud met iemand anders as die biologiese
moeder te voer, en (iii) die inkonsekwentheid tussen onderhoudvoerders met die gebruik van die
vraelys. Gedurende die tweede fase van die studie is die vraelys aangepas en hersien as deel van ‘n
tweede fokusgroeponderhoud. Die onderhoudvoerders, data verwerker en data analis wat die
aangepaste vraelys gebruik het as deel van ‘n groter FASA voorkomingsprogram het verskeie
aanbevelings gemaak rakende hoe die vraelys verder aangepas kan word om te voldoen aan FARR se
behoeftes. Laasgenoemde aanbevelings is aangespreek gedurende die laaste fase van die studie,
waarna die aangepaste vraelys gefinaliseer is. Die bevindinge van die studie dui aan dat die geïdentifiseerde probleme met FARR se oorspronklike
moeder-onderhoudsvraelys suksesvol deur die aangepaste vraelys aangespreek is, terwyl die
objektiewe van ‘n moeder-onderhoud (soos geïdentifiseer deur die deelnemers aan die eerste
fokusgroeponderhoud) steeds vervul is. Resultate het bevestig dat meer moeder-onderhoude in
dieselfde tydsperiode met behulp van die aangepaste vraelys gevoer kon word as met die
oorspronklike vraelys, as gevolg van die feit dat dit korter was en minder tyd geneem het om te
voltooi. As deel van die studie is ‘n bykomstige vraelys spesifiek vir sorggewer-onderhoude
ontwikkel. Volgens die FARR rolspelers is inkonsekwentheid tussen die onderhoudvoerders grootliks
suksesvol aangespreek deur middel van die ontwikkeling van hierdie bykomstige vraelys asook die
ontwikkeling van ‘n riglyn vir onderhoudvoerders. Aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing sluit die
verdere ontwikkeling en evaluasie van die sorggewer-vraelys en onderhoudvoerder riglyn in.
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Göransson, Emelie. "Preventing Welfare Fraud in Sweden. Interviews with Officials from the County Government of Kalmar and Skåne." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26379.
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Studies indicate that fraud is a growing issue in Sweden, outpacing law enforcement’s efforts to maintain it. There is limited research concerning welfare fraud, the aspects of prevention, and what processes have worked in Sweden. The prevention strategies need to progress towards this development considering that welfare fraud is a crime which affects every person in the welfare state. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate and analyse the prevention strategies against welfare fraud in Sweden through semi-structured interviews with six officials from the County Government of Kalmar and Skåne. The administration process was also investigated with the expectation to identify possible ways to develop preventive strategies. The Situational Action Theory was used as a tool to discuss and describe possible ways to prevent welfare fraud. The result showed that the tendency to report welfare fraud among officials is low. There is also a lack of cooperation between different governmental organisations and significant differences in the control work that varies between being thorough and absent. Although the county governments have started to examine the issue of welfare fraud, the results implicate that the issue is not as heavily prioritized as it needs to be. Future research is crucial. The controls and prevention strategies against welfare fraud within the County Governments needs to be developed further.
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Bendahl, Linn, and Elin Karlsson. "“Waste prevention is one of those difficult things” - An interview study in collaboration with the Översta steget project on Skåne municipalities choice to work with waste prevention." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23131.
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Fördelarna med att förebygga avfall har visat sig vara många; besparingar i pengar och resurser, förbättrad arbetsmiljö etc. Trots det har utvecklingen gått trögt och få kommuner har prioriterat avfallstrappans översta steg. Under 2017 startades coachningsprojektet Översta steget för att få fler kommuner i Skåne att arbeta med förebyggande av avfall. Fokus ligger på kommunernas egna verksamheter. Inbjudan till projektet har gått ut till alla Skånes 33 kommuner men endast 4 har valt att delta. I studien har 13 kommuner intervjuats om deras beslut angående projektet samt om förebyggande av avfall i stort. Vi har identifierat tre huvudkategorier av hinder; kommunikativa hinder, organisatoriska hinder och hinder som rör vårt ekonomiska system. Förebyggande av avfall är på grund av att det är ett nytt arbetsområde inte lika konkret som återvinning och därmed svårkommunicerat. Det som har lockat kommuner att delta är de ekonomiska besparingar som kan göras samt att projektet erbjuder stöd i arbetet. Även förbättrad miljöprestanda lockar sekundärt. Vi anser att resultaten och fördelarna med att förebyggande av avfall måste spridas smart i olika typer av nätverk för att få igång samtalet kring förebyggande av avfall. På så sätt kan idéerna även konkretiseras och göras mer lättmottagliga för verksamheter och personal.<br>The advantages of preventing waste have proven to be many: savings in money and resources, improved work environment, etc. Despite this, development of waste prevention has been slow, and few municipalities have prioritized the top step of the waste management hierarchy. In 2017, the coaching project, Översta steget, was initiated to get more municipalities in Skåne to work on waste prevention. The project focus was on the municipalities' own activities. All of Skåne’s 33 municipalities in Skåne were invited to the join the project, but only 4 have chosen to participate. In the present study, 13 municipalities have been interviewed about their decisions regarding the project in general and waste prevention in particular. We have identified three main categories of obstacles; communicative barriers, organizational barriers and obstacles connected to our economic system. Prevention of waste is, because it is new area of work, not concrete enough and difficult mediated/experienced difficult. What has tempted the municipalities to participate in the project is the economic savings that can be made and that the project offers coaching. Improved environmental performance also is a secondly reason. We believe that the results and benefits of waste prevention must be spread smartly across different types of networks in order to initiate the call on prevention. This way it can also be more concrete and made more receptive to municipalities and their staff.
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Cardoso, Caroline de Oliveira. "Programas de interven??o neuropsicol?gica precoce-preventiva : estimula??o das fun??es executivas em escolares." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2017. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7287.
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Previous issue date: 2017-01-20<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES<br>Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq<br>Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)<br>There is relative consensus that low level and quality of education are limiting factors of a country?s growth. Statistics show that many students have difficulties in learning or do not display the necessary abilities to succeed academically. Trying to reduce such difficulties, neuropsychology has developed remediation and rehabilitation interventions. There is, however, a need to invest in intervention programs that promote cognitive health and stimulate neurocognitive skills among children. These programs may potentiate cognitive processes and lead to short and long term benefits. Evidence shows that the executive functions (EF) have a crucial role in education, and are relevant in learning and in autoregulatory behavior. Given this context, the objective of this thesis was to develop and verify the effectiveness of an early and preventive neuropsychological intervention program with the intent of stimulating the EF among Elementary School students. The program was called Program of Neuropsychological Stimulation of Cognition in Students: emphasis on Executive Functions, or PENcE (an acronym from its original name in Portuguese, Programa de Estimula??o Neuropsicol?gica da Cogni??o em Escolares: ?nfase nas Fun??es Executivas). The First Study performed a systematic review of empirical studies about neuropsychological interventions of EF among children with typical development, looking for an overview that could guide the construction of the PENcE. Nineteen studies were found through the PRISMA method: most of them provided evidences that the children who participated in the intervention programs improved their executive functions. For the most part, they used computerized cognitive training to stimulate working memory. Other studies proposed a curricular approach to potentiate autoregulation. It was possible to observe that the studies are very heterogenic in terms of approach, methods, and closing measurement tools. Computerized trainings seem improve trained cognitive skills, but are limited in terms of transferring gains. Curricular programs seem more generalizable, with effects on transferring gains and functionality. The objective of the Second Study was to present the process of construction and content validity evidences for the PENcE. There were four steps involved in reaching that goal: internal stage of program organization; program construction; analysis by expert judges; and data integration and program finalization. All stages were important and contributed to improve the program. Furthermore, the assessment of the program (global and of each module) presented a level of agreement among judges equal to one, allowing for the achievement of content validity evidences. Finally, the Third Study investigated the effectiveness of the PENcE among children attending 3rd and 4th grades of Elementary School. It also analyzed the effects of transferring to other skills (executive, cognitive, academic, behavioral) beyond the main executive closings. From an initial sample of 160 children, 113 participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: experimental group (EG) (n=64) and control group (CG) (n=49). There were no differences between the groups before the intervention. After the study, the groups were compared, and the EG presented significant gains in inhibitory control, working memory, and abstract planning. There were transferring effects to other cognitive abilities (such as attention and fluid thinking), academic abilities (math and written skills), and changes in behavior (relationship and behavioral problems), and the overcame the CG. As a group, the findings from the three studies offer an early and preventive intervention program that has theoretical basis, has followed a rigorous construction process, and possesses content validity and effectiveness analysis. For future studies, it is suggested to extend and adapt the program to other age groups and to children who already present executive deficits, including learning difficulties and ADHD. Moreover, with the goal of contributing to public policies, it is recommended that the PENcE be implemented in public schools in developing countries, helping to bridge the gap between neuropsychology and education in a practical way.<br>Atualmente, h? relativo consenso de que o baixo n?vel educacional e a reduzida qualidade do processo de escolariza??o s?o fatores limitadores de crescimento de um pa?s. Al?m disso, as estimativas mostram que um elevado n?mero de alunos apresenta dificuldades de aprendizagem ou n?o apresenta habilidades necess?rias para ter sucesso acad?mico. Na tentativa de contribuir com a diminui??o de tais dificuldades, a neuropsicologia desenvolveu predominantemente interven??es de remedia??o e de reabilita??o. Destaca-se, contudo, a necessidade de se investir em programas de interven??es de promo??o ? sa?de cognitiva e de estimula??o de habilidades neurocognitivas em crian?as, uma vez que tais programas podem potencializar os processos cognitivos e levar a benef?cios de curto a longo prazo. Com o avan?o da neuropsicologia, h? evid?ncias de que as fun??es executivas (FE) t?m um papel crucial na educa??o e s?o relevantes para aprendizagem e comportamento autorregulat?rio. Frente a esse contexto, essa tese teve como objetivo desenvolver e verificar a efetividade de um programa de interven??o neuropsicol?gica precoce-preventiva em busca da estimula??o das FE em escolares no Ensino Fundamental I. Tal programa foi denominado Programa de Estimula??o Neuropsicol?gica da Cogni??o em Escolares: ?nfase nas fun??es executivas (PENcE). No primeiro estudo, a partir de uma revis?o sistem?tica, buscou-se caracterizar os estudos emp?ricos sobre interven??es neuropsicol?gicas de FE em crian?as com desenvolvimento t?pico, em busca de um panorama que norteasse a constru??o do PENcE. Seguindo o m?todo PRISMA, foram encontrados 19 estudos e a maioria forneceu evid?ncias que as crian?as que participaram dos programas de interven??o melhoraram suas habilidades executivas. A maioria utilizou o treino cognitivo computadorizado, envolvendo a estimula??o da mem?ria de trabalho. Outros propuseram uma abordagem curricular com intuito de potencializar a autorregula??o. Foi poss?vel verificar que os estudos s?o bastante heterog?neos em rela??o a tipos de abordagem, m?todos e instrumentos de medida de desfecho. Contudo, os treinos computadorizados parecem levar a uma melhora na habilidade cognitiva treinada, por?m, s?o limitados em termos de transfer?ncia de ganhos. Os programas de abordagem curricular, por sua vez, parecem mais generaliz?veis, com efeito de transfer?ncia e ganho na funcionalidade. No Estudo 2, objetivou-se apresentar o processo de constru??o e evid?ncias de validade de conte?do do PENcE. Para isso, quatro etapas foram realizadas: fase interna de organiza??o do programa; constru??o do programa; an?lise de ju?zes especialistas; integra??o dos dados e finaliza??o do programa. Todas as etapas foram essenciais e contribu?ram para aprimorar o programa. Al?m disso, evidenciou-se que a avalia??o global do programa e de cada um dos m?dulos apresentou um n?vel de concord?ncia de 1,0 entre os ju?zes, permitindo obter evid?ncias de validade de conte?do. Por fim, no Estudo 3 buscou-se investigar a efetividade do PENcE em crian?as do 3? ou 4? ano do Ensino Fundamental, bem como, analisar o efeito de transfer?ncia para outras habilidades executivas e cognitivas, habilidades acad?micas e comportamento, para al?m dos desfechos executivos principais. De uma amostra inicial de 160 crian?as, 113 participaram do estudo e foram subdivididas em dois grupos: grupo experimental (GE) (n=64) e grupo controle (GC) (n=49). Os grupos n?o se diferenciaram em nenhuma medida na avalia??o pr?-interven??o. Na compara??o dos grupos, verificou-se o GE apresentou ganhos significativos de controle inibit?rio, mem?ria de trabalho, planejamento abstrato. Houve efeito de transfer?ncia para outras habilidades cognitivas (como aten??o e racioc?nio fluido), habilidades acad?micas (matem?tica e escrita) e mudan?a no comportamento (relacionamento e problemas de conduta), sendo que o GE superou o GC. Em conjunto, os achados dos tr?s estudos contribuem disponibilizando um programa de interven??o precoce-preventiva, que possui embasamento te?rico, que seguiu um rigoroso processo de constru??o e que denota de validade de conte?do e de an?lise de efetividade. Sugere-se, para os pr?ximos estudos, estender e adaptar o programa para outras faixas et?rias e para grupos de crian?as que j? apresentam d?ficits executivos, como com transtornos espec?ficos de aprendizagem e TDAH. Al?m disso, visando a contribuir com as pol?ticas p?blicas, recomenda-se que o PENcE possa ser implementado em escolas p?blicas nos pa?ses em desenvolvimento, rumo a uma interface cada vez mais pr?tica entre neuropsicologia e educa??o.
Books on the topic "Preventive interview"
1
Thornberry, Owen T. Health promotion and disease prevention provisional data from the National Health Interview Survey: United States, January-June 1985. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1986.
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2
Thornberry, Owen T. Health promotion data for the 1990 objectives: Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, United States, 1985. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1986.
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3
Schoenborn, Charlotte A. Health promotion and disease prevention, United States 1985. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Health Statistics, 1988.
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4
Ravins, Harold. What the dentists don't tell their patients about dental work. Healthview, 1985.
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5
José Ruben de Alcântara Bonfim, Silvia Bastos, and Vânia Regina Miranda Postigo. Walter Sidney Pereira Leser: Das análises clínicas à medicina preventiva e à saúde pública. Editora Hucitec, 2009.
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6
Mahoney, Gene. Fire department oral interviews: Practices and procedures. Fire Engineering, 1988.
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7
National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), ed. National health interview survey, 1990: Health promotion and disease prevention (HPDP) : sample person supplement. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1993.
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8
Harris, Michael. Police Voices on Prevention Interviews in Managing Missing People in England and Wales. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75581-1.
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9
National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), ed. National health interview survey, 1990: Health promotion and disease prevention (HPDP) : pregnancy and smoking supplement. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1993.
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interviewer, Hall Jacquelyn Dowd, Southern Oral History Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project), and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library, eds. Oral history interview with Arthur Raper, January 30, 1974: Interview B-0009-2, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007). University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Preventive interview"
1
Horan, Donald J. "Investigation and Interview." In The Retailer's Guide to Loss Prevention and Security. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003575092-14.
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2
Ogg, James Thomas. "Policy Analysis: Elite Interviews and Early Policy Documents." In Preventive Justice and the Power of Policy Transfer. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137495020_7.
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Carson, Richard T., Michael B. Conaway, W. Michael Hanemann, Jon A. Krosnick, Robert C. Mitchell, and Stanley Presser. "Evaluation of Open-Ended, Vote Assumption, Reconsideration, and Interviewer Evaluation Questions." In Valuing Oil Spill Prevention. Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2864-9_5.
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Järvinen-Tassopoulos, Johanna. "State-Owned Gambling Operation in a Global Competitive Environment." In The Global Gambling Industry. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35635-4_3.
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AbstractThis qualitative study examines what factors and measures may contribute to the success of a state-owned gambling company online. As each jurisdiction restricts online gambling offer and demand according to domestic legislation, there are few tools to limit the competition of online operators.In order to understand how different stakeholders want to limit online competition and preserve the benefits guaranteed by a monopolistic gambling system, thematic interviews (N = 17) were conducted among the state-owned gambling company Veikkaus’ representatives and among public servants engaged in gambling regulation, ownership steering, the prevention of gambling harm, or the distribution and reception of gambling proceeds. Chantal Mouffe’s theorisation on ‘antagonism’ and ‘agonism’ is used to examine the impact of competition of these stakeholders.The results show that the challenges of the Finnish state-owned gambling operator were related to competition (e.g., losing customers and proceeds to international competitors) and to regulation (e.g., channelling gambling and preventing gambling harms). The results also indicated that Veikkaus’ representatives seem to have an agonistic relationship with the regulators and the public servants interested in prevention of gambling harms. The only antagonism found in this study is based on the conflicting power relations of Veikkaus and the international online gambling companies.
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Rosen, Robert M. "Three Incidents: Tank Truck Explosion, Television Interview Railcar Fire, and Intentional Destruction of Acrylic Acid Railcar Using “Vent and Burn”." In Emergency Planning Preparedness, Prevention & Response. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470924839.ch1.
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Skovdal, Morten, Phyllis Magoge-Mandizvidza, Rufurwokuda Maswera, et al. "Stigma and Confidentiality Indiscretions: Intersecting Obstacles to the Delivery of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis to Adolescent Girls and Young Women in East Zimbabwe." In Social Aspects of HIV. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_17.
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AbstractDespite efforts to scale-up biomedical HIV prevention technologies, such as oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), many countries and regions of the world are far off–track in reaching global HIV prevention targets. Uptake of, and adherence to PrEP amongst adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa has proved particularly challenging. Drawing on qualitative individual interviews and focus group discussions with thirty AGYW in east Zimbabwe, as well as interviews with healthcare providers, we investigate some of the root causes of this challenge, namely the social risks involved with accessing PrEP. We find that stigma and the worry of AGYW that privacy and confidentiality cannot be maintained in local health clinics and by local healthcare providers, presents a major barrier to the uptake of PrEP. We call for interventions that recognise the need to tackle the range of socio-cultural norms and social practices that interact and in synergy make engagement with PrEP an (im)possible and (un)desirable thing to do for AGYW.
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Harris, Michael. "Positive Experiences of the PI, Value of the PI, Information-Sharing, Improvements." In Police Voices on Prevention Interviews in Managing Missing People in England and Wales. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75581-1_5.
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Harris, Michael. "Vulnerabilities, Typical Involvement, Common Missing People, Engagement Levels in PI, Barriers." In Police Voices on Prevention Interviews in Managing Missing People in England and Wales. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75581-1_4.
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Harris, Michael. "Design of the Research." In Police Voices on Prevention Interviews in Managing Missing People in England and Wales. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75581-1_2.
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Harris, Michael. "Introduction and What We Know Already?" In Police Voices on Prevention Interviews in Managing Missing People in England and Wales. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75581-1_1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Preventive interview"
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Xia, Yukun, Yan Gan, Zijie Ding, Shanyu Ge, and Yongkang Wu. "Home Healthcare System Application Design for COVID-19 Preventive Management." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003453.
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COVID-19 is an infectious disease now known as a "global pandemic" and is reported to be transmitted directly, aerosolized and by contact, and is highly contagious when in contact with patients. Fever, dry cough, and malaise are the most common symptoms of COVID-19. And at this stage, there is still no comprehensive solution for the containment of COVID-19 from a microbiological and curative point of view. Therefore, we need a more independent environment and a smarter medical system for detection and transient isolation before and after social events. And IoT is a popular and proven management technology that can support a variety of human behavior management programs.In this paper, we used interview method, follow-up method, questionnaire method, and literature search method for research verification, process profiling of multiple usage scenarios, and proposed an APP（Application） program design of home medical system for different users' behavioral habits, with functions including risk assessment of planned activity locations and self detection after social activities (via close objects such as masks), etc. The application consists of four main modules: detection, planning, recording, and communication, tracking and warning of epidemic risk sites via wearable devices to reduce the risk of infection for users, and integration of software functions with smart home systems via IoT technology to improve the effectiveness of preventive management for users.
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Gengler, Justin, Noora Lari, Buthaina Al-Khelaifi, Maryam F. Al Thani, Rima Charbaji El-Kassem, and Fatma Almoghunni. "Social Attitudes, Behavior, and Consequences surrounding COVID-19 in Qatar: Findings from a Large-scale Online Survey V2H Operations." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0172.
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Amid the outbreak of the contagious novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), states were put in an unprecedented situation never encountered before. Qatari authorities applied certain preventive measures to contain the spread of the virus. Still, knowledge of public risk perceptions and behavioral responses surrounding the COVID-19 epidemic is emerging, and clear quantitative data remain limited. This poster summarizes the results of a SESRI study that investigated social attitudes, behavior, and consequences surrounding COVID-19 in Qatar. An original online survey was conducted in both Qatar and a comparison case (Kuwait) during a 3-month period from November 2020 to January 2021. A total of 4,597 citizens and residents of Qatar aged 18 years and older were recruited to participate in the study, with 2,282 completing the full interview schedule. A total of 2,671 citizens and residents of Kuwait (1,184 completed) also took part in the survey to provide a regional baseline. The study produced many previously unavailable insights. Attitudes on risk perception, behavioral responses, and psychological distress were examined, along with individual-level determinants of intentions to comply as well as actual compliance with mandated preventive measures. The study findings suggest that authorities in Qatar should prioritize increasing public knowledge about COVID-19, present clear explanations of important changes in public policy surrounding COVID-19, spread accurate information about COVID-19 to combat the global online misinformation and debunk conspiracy theories and perpetuating myths. Redouble efforts to ensure public compliance with COVID-19 preventative measures, particularly among Qatari citizens and in relation to social gatherings, continue the transparent communication about its approach of handling the crisis with the public and effectively communicate the dangers of COVID-19 in order to encourage citizens and residents to comply with restrictions and to take the vaccine.
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Rashed Khan, Mohammad. "Prevention of Cyberbullying in Social Media: Perspective of Female Entrepreneurs in Bangladesh." In 9th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies - Artificial Intelligence and Future Applications. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002956.
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In recent years social media is a very popular platform for any kind of business. During the pandemic, it became even more trendy for small business owners who run businesses from home. Particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh where socially and culturally women face a lot of obstacles to doing business. The number of female entrepreneurs in Bangladesh is growing day by day as this is an opportunity for them to earn and support their families. Initially, they prefer social media for their business platform because there is no need for business premises, and it is easy to target a large number of customers in a short period of time. While the prospect of female entrepreneurship is bright for this country, they are encountering cyberbullying on social media by some ill-minded people. This paper aims to find out how female entrepreneurs in Bangladesh experience and can prevent cyberbullying on social media. This is exploratory research. Qualitative data were collected through an online semi-structured interview method by using open-ended questions. Data were analysed thematically based on different codes and themes by using NVivo 12 software. The result shows how female entrepreneurs get cyberbullied on social media in this country. It also recommends some preventive actions that female entrepreneurs can exercise to protect themselves from cyberbullying while operating their businesses on social media.
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Dente, E. "Tracking small hand movements in interview situations." In IEE International Symposium on Imaging for Crime Detection and Prevention (ICDP 2005). IEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:20050070.
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Smith, Jenna, Rachael Dodd, Vasi Naganathan, et al. "56 General practitioner’s attitudes and behaviours regarding cancer screening in older adults: A qualitative interview study." In Preventing Overdiagnosis Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2022-podabstracts.15.
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Nugroho, Bogi Haryo, Brahmantiyo Aji Sumarto, Muhammad Arief Joenaedy, Huda Jassim Al-Aradi, and Pajar Rahman Achmad. "Data Science for Water Cut Analysis System by Utilizing ESP Sensor Data, Conceptual Model, and Its Proposed Solution." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207624-ms.
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Abstract Objective/scope It has been a challenge to analyze and estimate reliable water cut. The current well test data is not sufficient to satisfy the required information for prediction of the rate and water cut behaviors. Only on wells having stable and good behaviors, water cut levels can be estimated appropriately. The wells have Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) sensor reading and data acquisition recorded in real-time help to fill this gap. The data are stored and available in KOC data repositories, such as Corporate Database, Well Surveillance Management System (WSMS), and Artificial Lift Management System (ALMS) Engineers spend this effort in spreadsheets and working with multiple data repositories. It is fit for data analysis by combining the data into a simple data set and presentation. Nevertheless, spreadsheets do not address a number of important tasks in a typical analyst's pipeline, and their design frequently complicates the analyses. It may take hours for single well analysis and days for multi-wells analysis and could be too late to plan and take preventive actions. Concerning the above situation, collaboration has been performed between NFD-North Kuwait and Information Management Team. In this first phase, this initiative is to design a conceptual integrated preventive system, which provide easy and quick tool to compute water cut estimation from well tests and downhole sensors data by using data science approach. Method, procedure, process There are 5 steps were applied in this initial work. It was included but not limited to user interview, exercise and performed data dissemination. It included gather full knowledge and defining the goal. Mapping pain points to solution also conducted to identify the technical challenge and find ways to overcome them. In the end of this stage, data and process review was conducted and applied for a given simple example to understand the requirements, demonstrate technical functionality and verify technical feasibility. Then conceptual design was built based on the requirements, features, and solutions gathered. Integrated system solution was recommended to include intermediate layer for integration, data retrieval, running calculation-heavy process in background, model optimization, visual analytics, decision-making, and automation. A roadmap with complete planning of different phases is then provided to achieve the objective. Results, observations, conclusions Process, functionalities, requirements, and finding have been examined and elaborated. The conceptual design has proved and assured the utilization of ESP sensor data in helping to estimate continuous well water cut's behavior. Further, the next implementation phase of data science expects an increase of confidence level of the results into higher degree. The design is promising to achieve the requirement to provide seamless, scalable, and easy to deploy automation capability tools for data analytic workflow with several major business benefits arising. Proposed solution includes combination of technologies, implementation services, and project management. The proposed technology components are distributed into 3 layers, source data, data science layer, and visual analytics layer. Furthermore, a roadmap of the project along with the recommendation for each phase has also been included. Novel/additive information Data Science for Exploration and Production is new area in which research and development will be required. Data science driven approach and application of digital transformation enables an integrated preventive system providing solution to compute water cut estimation from well tests and downhole sensors data. In the next larger scale of implementation, this system is expected to provide automated workflow supporting engineers in their daily tasks leveraging Data to Decision (D2D) approach. Machine learning is a data analytics technique that teaches computers to do what comes naturally to human, which is learn from experience. Machine learning algorithm use computational methods to learn information from the data without relying on predetermined equation as a model. Adding artificial intelligence and machine learning capability into the process requires knowledge on input data, the impact of data on the output, understanding of machine learning algorithm and building the model required to meet the expected output.
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Aigbokhai, Uche, A. A. Al Balushi, S. Al Barwani, T. AL Wadhahi, S. A. Al Yarubi, and O. Osobajo. "Near Miss – Behavior and Effect." In SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2118/224918-ms.
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Abstract Near miss plays an important role in providing insights and are also leading indicators of potential hazards within a system, one could argue that they are attributed to safety behaviours, human or organisational factors, and are underreported. The study will focus on exploring the behavioural factors that contribute to Near miss, explore the perceptions of relevant stakeholders on the factors influencing reporting behaviour, identify challenges of the reporting system, explore and understand the influence of Near miss reporting on continuous improvement. Data is collected using qualitative research method (semi structured interviews) to ensure the interviewee is given the opportunity to give insights and specifics to subject. A set of questions were prepared prior to the interview as a framework to guide the discussion. The research was carried out using purposive sampling which is a non-random sampling method to achieve a good correlation between the collected samples and the objective of the work with a ratio of 1: 10 to have a variable perspective presenting an analysis of interviews with 14 participants (PT), exploring their varied understandings of near miss — which ranged from "prevented accidents" to "potential harm with no injury." The study highlights near miss reporting as essential for preventing more significant incidents and promoting workplace safety awareness. Participants emphasized the need for clear reporting processes, strong leadership involvement, and continuous feedback loops to improve safety practices. Key barriers identified include fear of judgment, a lack of understanding about the benefits of reporting, and communication challenges. To address these issues, the study recommends improving training, simplifying reporting through technology, and fostering a non-punitive safety culture that encourages open communication.
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Ries, Nola, Charlie Hacker, Kirsten McCaffery, Adam Elsaug, Jenny Doust, and Jesse Jansen. "86 Medico-legal experts’ views on psychosocial drivers of defensive practice: a qualitative interview study." In Preventing Overdiagnosis Abstracts, December 2019, Sydney, Australia. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2019-pod.99.
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Hejazi1, Taimaa Adnan, Dana Nizar Mustafa, Lana Kattan, et al. "Evaluation of a Mobile Application Tool to Assist Health Care Providers in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Management." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0136.
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Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment and management (RAM) services face many challenges and barriers in the community. Mobile technology offers the opportunity to empower patients and improve access to health prevention strategies to overcome these barriers.1 The main goal of this study is to investigate whether the use of mobile technology for CVDRAM, combined with appropriate health care professional oversight, can improve access and management of CVD risk factors in Qatar. Methods/Case presentation: Pilot testing of an Arabic and English version of the online application EPIRxISK™ for CVDRAM by potential users from a sample consisting of the general population and pharmacists attending community pharmacies. Participants’ feedback was gathered in a qualitative interview which was recorded and transcribed for quality assurance and for review by the research team. Responses from all interviews were analyzed and recommendations were made to finalize the application prior to phase II of the study. In phase II, quantitative and qualitative methods will be utilized to assess the feasibility of implementing a community pharmacy-based CVD risk assessment program using the English and Arabic versions of the EPIRxISK™ online application. Results/Findings/Recommendations: In phase I, a total of 9 pharmacists from community pharmacies and 5 general participants from the general population were interviewed. As shown in table 1 and 2, the analysis of the interviews resulted in themes related to five frameworks: engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information, and subjective quality. Overall, the themes demonstrated acceptance and satisfaction with the features of the application. Phase II is in progress now. Conclusion: The overall results of the pilot testing are promising and conclude an overall acceptance and satisfaction with the features of the application.
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Blankenhagel, Kim Janine, Max-Marcel Theilig, Hannah Koch, Anne-Katrin Witte, and Rüdiger Zarnekow. "Challenges for Preventive Digital Stress Management Systems - Identifying Requirements by Conducting Qualitative Interviews." In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2019.461.
Full textReports on the topic "Preventive interview"
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Cristoforetti, María Fernanda, ed. The role of vaccines in diabetes. Lugones Editorial, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47196/0581.
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For people with diabetes, vaccines are highly valuable preventive tools against infections. The importance of spreading the value of immunization. Interview with Dr. Amadeo Esposto (M.N. 13891), Infectious Diseases Doctor, senior specialist in Internal Medicine, former head of the Infectious Diseases Service, San Martín de La Plata General Hospital.
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Kjelvik, Grete. Dementia prevention in the Nordics. Nordic Welfare Centre, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.52746/yoln7568.
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The expected increase in the number of people suffering from dementia is intertwined with the ageing Nordic population. More and more older adults will live with dementia diseases impacting their everyday lives.The Nordic societies are trying to adjust to this challenge and to the rising needs of good dementia care. In parallel, mounting evidence on the efficacy of dementia prevention encourages the Nordic countries to upgrade their preventive work, and to mitigate the effects of cognitive decline in the population.This report explores dementia prevention in the Nordics and provides examples of preventive policies and practices. It also reviews these measures in relation to current evidence on dementia prevention, striving to strengthen Nordic co-operation in the field.The report describes the current policy and practice of dementia prevention in Norway, Iceland, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland with Åland Islands. Methodologically, the knowledge base for this report rests on a descriptive analysis extracting, systematising, and presenting data from literature and documents, individual interviews, and information and discussion from a reference group.
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Studsrød, Ingunn, Ragnhild Gjerstad Sørensen, Brita Gjerstad, Patrycja Sosnowska-Buxton, and Kathrine Skoland. “It’s very complex”: Professionals’ work with domestic violence (DV): Report – FGI and interviews 2022. University of Stavanger, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.249.
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This study explores Norwegian professionals' experiences of working within partner violence (PV) prevention area, including, cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation as well as possible successful strategies and measures in this area. This report is one of the deliverables of the “Integrated System of Domestic Violence Prevention” (ISDVP) project and of the agreement with The State Treasury, the Institute of Justice in Warsaw, Poland. This study contributes to research on professionals’ experiences of interprofessional collaboration in the domestic violence prevention area – a similar study was conducted in Poland. To facilitate an interdisciplinary and interagency group discussion, five focus groups (with 19 participants) were conducted. The analysis reveals that there is inter- and intra-sectoral collaboration in the domestic violence prevention area. There are marked challenges but also notable success stories. The participants talked about several barriers to cross-sectoral collaborations, such as i) professional requirements of confidentiality, mandate, and/or duty to report, especially in the domestic violence prevention stages; ii) the complexity and plethora of practical and organizational measures and initiatives as well as who does what and when, particularly when helping a client navigate through the system; and iii) the difficulty in defining as well as uncovering domestic violence because it can be understood differently by various parties, especially from a cross-cultural perspective and gender stereotypes. In terms of effective management of multisectoral collaboration, the participants mentioned i) several tools and models, e.g., SARA and Flexid, and ii) organization of emergency shelters; and iii) networking. Besides, the participants reported a need for a nuanced and multifocal approach to domestic violence prevention, including addressing the specificities of different vulnerable groups such as the elderly and the LGBQT+ community. They also talked about the importance of initiatives aimed at removing the stigma and taboo around domestic violence, also through targeting higher education establishments.
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Patton, Desmond, and Catalina Vallejo. Examining Violence and Black Grief on Social Media: An Interview with Desmond Upton Patton. Just Tech, Social Science Research Council, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3020.d.2022.
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As part of our “What Is Just Tech?” series, we invited several social researchers—scholars, practitioners, artists, and activists—to respond to a simple yet fundamental question: “What is just technology?” This interview was conducted by Just Tech program officer Catalina Vallejo, who spoke with Desmond Upton Patton, Professor of Social Work at Columbia University and Just Tech Advisory Board member. Patton (he/him) studies how gang-involved youth conceptualize threats on social media and the extent to which social media may shape or facilitate youth and gang violence. He is the founding director of SAFElab, which centers young people’s perspectives in computational and social work research on violence, trains future social work scholars, and actively engages in violence prevention and intervention. In their conversation, Vallejo and Patton spoke about social media as an amplifier of violence, the importance of lived experience informing computational research, and misunderstandings about Black grief.
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Baker, Michael. DTRS56-02-D-70036-16 Mechanical Damage. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011844.
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This report reviews and summarizes the current state of knowledge and practice related to mechanical damage in natural gas and hazardous liquid steel pipelines, with a particular focus on transmission pipelines. Comprehensive voluntary interviews were conducted with 10 pipeline operators who represent a diverse cross-section of industry professionals in the United States, Canada, and Europe. The interviews, which focused on operator practices for detection, characterization, and mitigation of mechanical damage on both gas and liquid transmission and gas distribution pipelines (the latter examined for comparison purposes), provided an invaluable source of data for the development of this report. Operator practices associated with the prevention of mechanical damage primarily resulting from excavation damage were also extensively covered in the interviews. The inquiry primarily included pipelines that comprise transmission systems, but gas distribution companies also reported on their experience with distribution systems consisting of both steel and plastic pipe, the latter reviewed for a comprehensive discussion of the operator's damage prevention programs and issues. Pipeline geographic locations included remote and rugged terrain, rural areas, and constrained urban environments.
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Baek, Carolyn, and Naomi Rutenberg. Addressing the family planning needs of HIV-positive PMTCT clients: Baseline findings from an operations research study. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv14.1000.
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Preventing unintended pregnancy among HIV-positive women is an effective approach to reducing pediatric HIV infection and vital to meeting HIV-positive women’s sexual and reproductive health needs. Although contraceptive services for HIV-positive women is one of the cornerstones of a comprehensive program for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT), a review of PMTCT programs found that implementers have not prioritized family planning (FP). While there is increasing awareness about the importance of FP and HIV integration, data about FP from PMTCT clients are lacking. The Horizons Program is conducting an operations research study testing several community-based strategies to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV in a densely settled urban slum in Nairobi, Kenya. Strategies being piloted include moving PMTCT services closer to the population via a mobile clinic and increasing psychosocial support for HIV-positive women. This research update presents key findings about FP at PMTCT sites, including the interaction between providers and clients as well as HIV-positive women’s fertility desires and demand for contraceptives, from the baseline cross-sectional survey and qualitative interviews with postpartum women.
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Andreeva, Anna-Maria, Annika von Berg, Bibi van Ginkel, et al. Assessing Gender Perspectives in Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism Practices. International Centre for Counter Terrorism, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2024.7214.
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Despite the fact that research indicates that it is important to integrate a gender based approach for effective risk assessment and implementation of counter-terrorism (CT) and preventing and countering violent extremism (P/CVE) practices, such as rehabilitation and reintegration, our assessment of academic and grey literature on gender perspectives in CT and P/CVE practices shows that most of these practices remain gender-blind and tend to reproduce gender norms and stereotypes, while ignoring the complexity of women’s and men’s involvement in extremism. In this report, the authors did a thorough literature review of academic and grey literature published between 2014 and 2024, and conducted ten interviews to reflect on gender perspectives in CT and P/CVE practices. After a reflection on persisting gender construction, biases, and other problematic perspectives, the report focuses on the gender perspectives in analytical frameworks and toolkits used, for instance, for risk assessments. Next, the report elaborates on the gender perspectives in the implementation of the intervention phases, namely from law enforcement interventions, to exit processes. In the general conclusion, the authors argue that gender constructs, roles, and norms, and the way these are taken into consideration in the various P/CVE interventions, heavily impact the effectiveness of these efforts. They also conclude that there is a potential of an aggravating sequence of gender (mis)conceptions, since the gender constructs used in the risk assessments inform following interventions, such as disengagement, deradicalisation, and rehabilitation processes. The report ends with a set of recommendations tailored to different target groups.
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Lamas, Jorge, Erik Alda, and Mayra Buvinic. Emphasizing Prevention in Citizen Security: The Inter-American Development Bank's Contribution to Reducing Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008944.
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In less than a decade, the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) has developed a sizable lending portfolio in violence prevention and a significant record of research, international seminars, meetings, and technical assistance. This paper reviews the IDB's work in this area, analyzes what seems to have worked and the challenges that remain, and draws lessons for future lending. It is based on research and project reports, internal monitoring and evaluation systems, ex-post evaluation and interviews with Bank staff working in both Headquarters and the Country Offices on different aspects of these operations, and covers loans in Uruguay and Colombia.
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Baker-Henningham, Helen, Francis Taja, and Marsha Bowers. A Mixed-method Feasibility Trial of an Early Childhood, Violence Prevention, Parenting Program Integrated into Preschool Provision in Jamaica. Inter-American Development Bank, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18235/0013518.
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We adapted a violence-prevention, parenting program (the Irie Homes Toolbox, or IHT) for integration into Jamaican preschool services. The adapted IHT was evaluated in a mixed-method feasibility trial in Kingston, Jamaica. Twenty-four preschools were randomly assigned to intervention (n12) or wait-list control (n12). Ten caregivers per school were recruited (n240, n120/group). The program consisted of eleven 1-hour parenting sessions delivered by a preschool teacher with groups of ten caregivers of children aged 2-6 years. In the impact evaluation, the primary outcome was caregivers' use of violence against their child (VAC). Secondary outcomes were caregivers' involvement with their child, attitude to VAC, preferences for harsh punishment, self-efficacy, and child conduct problems. All outcomes were measured by caregiver-report, and we test for and find no evidence of social desirability bias. We measured fidelity of implementation on an ongoing basis. We also conducted in-depth interviews with participating teachers and kept ongoing logs on intervention implementation. Participants attended a mean (SD)4.0(3.1) sessions. The IHT intervention led to reductions in caregivers' use of VAC (ES-0.22, p0.04) and caregivers' favorable attitudes to VAC (ES-0.36, p0.01), and increases in caregivers' involvement with their child (ES0.30, p0.005) and parenting self-efficacy (ES0.29, p0.02). Reductions in caregiver preferences for harsh punishment were significant at p0.07 (ES-0.21). We found no benefits to child conduct problems. Through observations of session quality, interviews with preschool teachers, and research team logs, we identified enablers and barriers to intervention implementation and suggestions for improvement. The program has potential for large-scale dissemination to reduce VAC in Jamaica.
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Rahman, Habibur, and Wahid bin Ahsan. Fraud Mitigation, Usability Challenges, and Financial Literacy in Mobile Financial Services for Rural Bangladesh. Userhub, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58947/journal.wpgr45.
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This study examines barriers to mobile financial services (MFS) adoption in rural Bangladesh, focusing on usability challenges, reliance on intermediaries, fraud risks, and insufficient financial literacy. Through qualitative interviews with 18 MFS users, agents, and fintech experts, the findings reveal how low digital and financial literacy, alongside inadequate security protocols, exacerbate users’ dependency on intermediaries, increasing their fraud exposure. The study highlights the urgent need for financial literacy programs, user-centered design improvements, and robust fraud prevention strategies to build trust and accelerate MFS adoption. These findings contribute to global research on financial inclusion, providing actionable recommendations for improving MFS usability and security in underserved areas.