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Roxburgh, David James. "Prey and range use of lions on Tswalu Kalahari Reserve." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac/thesis/available/etd-12132009-154240.
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Rosenburg, Charles Patrick. "Barn Owl Habitat and Prey use in Agricultural Eastern Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625342.
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Hodder, Kathryn H. "The common buzzard in lowland UK : relationships between food availability, habitat use and demography." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340525.
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Palma, Cristián R. (Cristián Ricardo). "The use of tarsal scale patterns to identify individual birds of prey." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23929.
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The ability to accurately identify individuals is required for the detailed study of animals. Numerous artificial markers have been developed for this purpose. Negative effects on survival, reproductive success and behavior have been reported for most marking methods, significantly affecting the very parameters being studied.Birds of prey have suffered the shortcomings of artificial marking methods. In light of the known and potential deleterious effects of marking, attention has been focused on developing new techniques to identify individual raptors without attaching artificial markers.
This study investigated the use of tarsal scale patterns as unique individual identifiers in birds of prey. The American kestrel (Falco sparverius) was chosen as a model. Both legs of seventy-five kestrels were photographed over a two-year period.
Photographic comparisons of 150 scale patterns demonstrated the uniqueness of each and therefore its ability to be used as an individual's natural identifier. Furthermore, patterns were found to remain unchanged from one year to the next. These findings support the hypotheses that tarsal scale patterns are unique to each bird and do not change over time.
A method of coding the tarsal scale patterns was developed. These codes can be used in a computerized data base to significantly enhance the speed of pattern searches.
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Beja, Pedro Rui. "Patterns of availability and use of resources by otters (Lutra lutra L.) in southwest Portugal." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295746.
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The use of resources by otters (Lutra lutra L.) living along coasts and streams in Southwest Portugal was described, and related to their spatial and temporal patterns of availability. The use of freshwater along coasts was inferred from the spatial distribution of spraints, and from radio-tracking. Spraints were mostly concentrated at the mouth of streams that provided freshwater throughout the dry season, and where rest-sites were found within dense thickets of brambles. Rest-sites were considered a scarce resource, because they seemed to be associated with the few permanent sources of freshwater. Along the coast prey availability was highest in winter and lowest in later summer and autumn. The corkwing wrasse was the dominant prey, and the seasonal variation in diet was primarily related to fluctuations in its abundance: wrasse were consumed when they were most abundant, other prey being taken to compensate for lows in their availability. In streams there were large year-to-year fluctuations in fish abundance, and these were related to the severity of summer droughts. Spring was probably the period of maximum prey abundance. Eels and crayfish were the dominant prey, but cyprinids, toads and frogs were also important seasonally. Prey were consumed relative to availability, except eels, which were consumed less than expected during the peak abundance of crayfish. Crayfish and eels were more associated in spraints that expected by chance. The introduction of the American crayfish to Iberia contributed to increase food abundance from spring to early autumn. Breeding of otters occurred seasonally, but births were earlier on the coast (October-December) than inland (January-March), most probably as a consequence of the seasonal patterns of food availability. Litter sizes inland were larger than on the coast. Differences between otter habitats in Southwest Portugal and elsewhere were discussed. A conservation strategy for otters in this region was developed.
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Denerley, Chloe. "The impact of land use change on a brood parasite system : cuckoos, their hosts and prey." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=205390.
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Land use change is one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity, and agricultural intensification has severely affected farmland birds in Europe. As a rapidly declining long-distance migrant and obligatory brood parasite, the common cuckoo Cuculus canorus is an interesting species on which to investigate the impacts of land use on birds. My thesis focuses on understanding the causes and mechanisms behind cuckoo declines in Britain by exploring relationships between land use, cuckoos, their hosts and adult cuckoo prey. Cuckoo population trends vary between habitat types, resulting in changes to cuckoo-habitat associations. There was little evidence of preference for semi-natural or agricultural habitats where cuckoos were widespread before their declines began, but they were strongly selective of semi-natural grass, heath and woodland by the 2000s while avoiding farmland. This suggests that female cuckoos specialised in parasitizing dunnocks (Prunella modularis) are now scarce while meadow pipit (Anthus pratensis) cuckoos have been retained in semi-natural habitats. However, as habitat cover had a consistently stronger statistical effect than host abundance on the presence or retention of cuckoos, the availability of other resources may limit current cuckoo distribution. The probability of cuckoo presence increased with the abundance of known cuckoo prey, predominantly large, hairy moth caterpillars. These species have undergone greater declines than other moths and their population trends also vary by habitat: abundance has increased in semi-natural habitats but declined in improved grassland and woodland. Therefore changing prey abundance may be a key driver of cuckoo declines in farmland. Although fundamental questions on the causes of cuckoo declines remain unanswered, maintaining semi-natural habitats as a stronghold for cuckoos in Britain might be an effective conservation strategy in the immediate future. However, measures adopted under agri-environment schemes which increase moth abundance may offer long-term mitigation of cuckoo declines while benefiting other insectivorous species.
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Bloxton, Thomas David. "Prey abundance, space use, demography, and foraging habitat of northern goshawks in western Washington /." Thesis, PURL, 2002. http://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/52084482.pdf.
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White, Kevin Robert. "Prey use by male and female cougars in an elk and mule deer community." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/K_White_042209.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in natural resource sciences)--Washington State University, May 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on May 21, 2009). "Department of Natural Resource Sciences." Includes bibliographical references (p. 19-24).
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Berg, Ivan. "Effects of doc and water temperature on prey use and performance of nine-spine stickleback." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184306.
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Climate change is causing water temperature to rise, and many lakes in the boreal zone will experience browning of waters (brownification) due to increased input of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In fish, warming may cause resource limitation and decrease both fish size and population abundance. Many fish species display ontogenetic niche shifts during their lifetime, shifting to larger prey as they grow. Brownification may change the timing for, the benefits from or prevent individuals from displaying ontogenetic niche shifts by decreasing large prey abundance in the benthic zone or making fast-moving prey harder to see. This can cause resource limitations, suppressing growth and population growth. This study investigated the effects of increasing DOC and water temperature on ontogenetic diet shifts, size structure, and population abundance in nine-spine stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) in an experimental pond system with a warming treatment and a gradient of DOC concentration. Warming had a negative effect on population number, biomass, maximum fish size, stomach fullness, and consumption of large prey. Contrary to expected outcomes, increasing DOC input resulted in higher population, biomass, and larger maximum sized fish as DOC increased. DOC did not negatively affect ontogenetic diet shifts. In the relatively shallow enclosures, the highest DOC concentration may not have reached the threshold where the shading effect of DOC overturns the benefits of extra nutrients associated with DOC. Hence, in shallow lake ecosystems, climate change induced DOC increase may support fish production, while warming may have strong negative effects on fish population abundance and size.
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Evans, Meredith Morgan. "Land use and Prey Density Changes in the Nakuru Wildlife Conservancy, Kenya Implications for Cheetah Conservation /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0007420.
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Schartel, Tyler Evan. "Quantifying and manipulating spatiotemporal trends in rodent space use and consumption rates on incidentally encountered prey." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/625.
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Spatiotemporal heterogeneity in predator activity can generate and influence the availability of refugia to prey. In eastern forests, white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) and eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus) are abundant generalist rodents, and large-scale removal experiments have confirmed they are important predators of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) pupae and songbird nests and eggs. Models predict the extinction of gypsy moth populations when confronted with abundant mouse populations, but small-scale (10s of m) heterogeneity in rodent activity may allow for the persistence of moth populations. I quantified the magnitude, variability, temporal persistence, and spatial structure of white-footed mouse and eastern chipmunk activity, and evaluated the effects of small-scale (30 x 30 m "spots") rodent removal, on 3 pairs of oak-dominated plots for 3, 2-week periods in summers 2008 and 2009 at the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA. Small-mammal track activity (1/check) was best fit by a beta-binomial distribution, and the mean and CV ranges of mouse and chipmunk track activity were similar between years. Disattenuated correlations of mouse and chipmunk activity were similar between sampling periods, as well as between years. I found little evidence of spatial structure in rodent activity at the scales sampled (15-250 m). Mean local track activity counterintuitively increased in removal spots compared to control spots for mice in 2008 and chipmunks in 2009. Local, between-year track activity was more strongly correlated and of greater magnitude in persistent removal spots than in non-persistent removal spots for both mice and chipmunks Environmental factors like abundant alternative food sources can influence predator foraging behavior by concentrating predator space use and altering predation rates on incidental prey items. However, the spatial scale of this aggregative effect, and impact on consumption rates on incidental prey items, are not well understood. In spring 2010, I conducted live-trapping, measured local rodent track activity, and quantified consumption rates on two incidental prey items (almonds [Prunus dulcis] and maple [Acer saccharum] seeds) on 6 plots provided with 3 supplemental food treatments (control, corn, and sunflower seeds) at Touch of Nature Environmental Center, Carbondale, IL, USA. A half-normal, cosine detectability function best fit our live-trapping data in both pre- and post-experiment trapping sessions, but considerable support remained for other models. Overall mean track activity was greater in control treatments than in sunflower and corn treatments. I found a significant interaction effect of treatment and distance, and significantly increased activity in control treatments at distances of 0, 10, and 40 m. Overall mean almond and maple seed consumption was greater in control treatments than in sunflower and corn treatments, but was greater in corn than sunflower treatments and increased from period 1 to period 3 at all distances. Mean almond consumption by mouse only and mouse + unknown predator groups was greater in control treatments than in sunflower and corn treatments. Mean maple seed consumption by mouse only and mouse + unknown predator groups was greater in control treatments than in sunflower and corn treatments.
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Chacin, Dinorah Helena. "A Multi-Scale Approach to Study Predator-Prey Interactions and Habitat Use of Pinfish, Lagodon rhomboids." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5198.
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Biological processes like species interactions and patterns such as abundance and distribution observed in nature can vary depending on the scale at which the subject of interest is evaluated. Knowing that there is no single natural scale at which systems should be studied, in this thesis, I conducted a series of basic and applied ecological approaches in order to examine the phenomena that can occur at different scales of space, time, and ecological organization.
Species abundances can vary over large spatial and temporal scales. By studying the habitat use of an abundant species, which uses a wide range of habitats, insights can be gained into how seascape-scales might influence population-level patterns. Similarly, temporal scales might affect the dynamics of species that have complex life cycles where migration is involved. Therefore, in the first study I used an eight-year dataset to conduct a population-level study at broader time- and seascape- scales of an abundant species in Tampa Bay, Florida. The goal of this study was to provide the first in-depth study on the habitat use of Pinfish on the eastern Gulf of Mexico and to provide insights on how seascape-scales can influence their abundance and distribution.
Predator-prey interactions can be influenced by habitat at different spatial scales. In seagrass systems, blade density can provide prey refugia at local scales, which are further embedded within the seascape-scale effect of turbidity. In the second study, I used a combination of in situ field experiments and laboratory-controlled experiments to examine and separate the effects of habitat across these local and seascape scales on the relative predation rates of tethered Pinfish (Lagodon rhomboids).
The broad-scale analyses indicated that population-level differences, such as abundance patterns and distribution can be influenced by temporal and spatial scales. Field- studies showed that habitat can influence ecological interactions at local- and seascape- scales. Overall, this research demonstrates the importance of using multiple spatial and temporal scale approaches when studying ecology, especially of those organisms that move over large distances and have complex life histories.
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Vaudo, Jeremy. "Habitat Use and Foraging Ecology of a Batoid Community in Shark Bay, Western Australia." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/367.
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Worldwide declines in populations of large elasmobranchs and the potential cascading effects on marine ecosystems have garnered considerable attention. Far less appreciated are the potential ecological impacts of changes in abundances of small to medium bodied elasmobranchs mesopredators. Crucial to elucidating the role of these elasmobranchs is an understanding of their habitat use and foraging ecology in pristine conditions. I investigated the trophic interactions and factors driving spatiotemporal variation in abundances of elasmobranch mesopredators in the relatively pristine ecosystem of Shark Bay, Australia. First, I describe the species composition and seasonal habitat use patterns of elasmobranch mesopredator on the sandflats of Shark Bay. Juvenile batoids dominated this diverse community and were extremely abundant in nearshore microhabitats during the warm season. Stomach content analysis and stable isotopic analysis revealed that there is a large degree of dietary overlap between common batoid species. Crustaceans, which tend to be found in seagrass habitats, dominated diets. Despite isotopic differences between many species, overlap in isotopic niche space was high and there was some degree of individual specialization. I then, investigated the importance of abiotic (temperature and water depth) and biotic (prey and predator abundance) factors in shaping batoid habitat use. Batoids were most abundant and tended to rest in shallow nearshore waters when temperatures were high. This pattern coincides with periods of large shark abundance suggesting batoids were seeking refuge from predators rather than selecting optimal temperatures. Finally, I used acoustic telemetry to examine batoid residency and diel use of the sandflats. Individual batoids were present on the sandflats during both the warm and cold seasons and throughout the diel cycle, suggesting lower sandflat densities during the cold season were a result of habitat shifts rather than migration out of Shark Bay. Combined, habitat use and dietary results suggest that batoids have the potential to seasonally impact sandflat dynamics through their presence, although foraging may be limited on the sandflats. Interestingly, my results suggest that elasmobranch mesopredators in pristine ecosystems probably are not regulated by food supply and their habitat use patterns and perhaps ecosystem impacts may be influenced by their predators.
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Wyza, Eileen M. "Human Impact on Space Use, Activity Patterns, and Prey Abundance of Madagascar's Largest Natural Predator, Cryptoprocta ferox." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1493735268792364.
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Hoberecht, Laura K. "Investigating the use of blubber fatty acids to detect Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) foraging on ephemeral high-quality prey /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5317.
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Kimball, Vaughn R. "Variability in late prehistoric prey-use strategies of the southeastern Columbia Plateau a test using the Harder Site faunal assemblage /." Online access for everyone, 2005. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2005/v%5Fkimball%5F050505.pdf.
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Fara, Luke J. "MIGRATION PATTERNS, HABITAT USE, PREY ITEMS, AND HUNTER HARVEST OF LONG-TAILED DUCKS (Clangula hyemalis) THAT OVERWINTER ON LAKE MICHIGAN." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2414.
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The long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis; hereafter LTDU) breeds on the arctic tundra across Alaska and Canada and winters south of the ice edge along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts, as well as on the Great Lakes. Data suggest that LTDU populations are in decline and, as a result, efforts have been made to better understand their population distributions through satellite telemetry studies. Radio-marked LTDUs from previous studies have shown very little use of Lake Michigan, even though aerial surveys indicate that large concentrations of this species overwinter there. LTDUs using Lake Michigan face a host of conservation issues, such as risk of exposure to type E botulism, bycatch in fishing gear, wind energy development, and a changing ecosystem. Using satellite telemetry, I documented migratory routes and habitat use of LTDUs wintering on Lake Michigan. LTDUs on Lake Michigan were captured via night-lighting and 10 LTDUs were surgically implanted with Telonics platform transmitter terminals (PTTs). Six (60%) radio-marked LTDUs provided information on Lake Michigan habitat use, while only 3 (30%) provided information on migratory routes. The average distance from shore of individual radio-marked LTDUs on Lake Michigan varied from 1.4-7.8 km and average water depths at these locations varied from 16.8-27.7 m during daylight hours. At night, radio-marked LTDUs were located further offshore (averaging 7.3-16.5 km) and at deeper water depths (averaging 59.6-74.8 m). LTDUs tended to move south on Lake Michigan as winter progressed, and then relocated to the north basin before spring migration. James Bay and Hudson Bay were the primary stopover sites during spring and fall migration, and the province of Nunavut, Canada was used during the breeding season. After breeding, radio-marked LTDUs traveled north to waters near Adelaide Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada. Only one radio-marked LTDU provided information for a full migration cycle and it returned to winter on Lake Michigan. Two methods, ocular and molecular examination of the alimentary canal, were used to determine the diets of LTDUs on Lake Michigan. A total of 16 LTDU carcasses were donated by hunters for diet determination. An esophageal, small intestine, and cloacal swab were collected from each carcass for molecular determination of prey species through qPCR analysis. The esophagus of each carcass was then removed and prey items determined to lowest taxonomic level using a dissection microscope (10X Ocular). Molecular methods detected more prey species (4) than ocular methods (1), so molecular methods show promise as a non-lethal means to determine LTDU diets. Quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) was the primary prey item with 100% occurrence. Diporeia spp., yellow perch (Perca flavescens), and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) were also detected, suggesting that LTDUs are opportunistic feeders. An in-person hunter harvest survey was conducted at Two Rivers, Wisconsin, to determine how environmental variables influenced harvest, to estimate harvest rates, and to gather hunter input regarding hunting regulations on Lake Michigan. Results indicate that LTDUs made up 97% of the total harvest, and that hunters averaged 3.8 LTDUs per day. Harvest of LTDUs was positively correlated with hunter numbers, and wave height was the most influential environmental variable affecting hunter numbers. Results suggest that few hunters go out when wave heights exceed 1.5 m. Hunters indicated that they would prefer a later or longer season on Lake Michigan, and that they were concerned about LTDU populations. Information from this study aids resource managers and scientists as they seek to determine basic information regarding LTDUs that winter on Lake Michigan. Migratory data is important in determining if the eastern population of North American LTDUs should be managed based on wintering and/or breeding distribution, while habitat use information will aid in mitigating impacts from fishing bycatch and future wind energy development. Habitat use and diet data will benefit resource managers and scientists seeking to determine where and how LTDUs may become exposed to avian botulism type E. Diet data will also aid in determining how LTDU diets are changing due to the altered ecosystem in Lake Michigan from introduced and invasive species. Moreover, results from the diet portion of this study suggest that molecular methods, that can be used non-lethally or in combination with lethal methods, show promise for determining LTDU prey items. Information on harvest rates can be used in determining harvest impacts, while hunter perceptions may aid resource managers as they make decisions regarding season structure and limits for LTDUs on Lake Michigan.
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Schmidt, Jason M. "Adaptive Foraging in a Generalist Predator: Implications of Habitat Structure, Density, Prey Availability and Nutrients." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1312815757.
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Nishiumi, Nozomi. "Anti-predator strategy of frogs against snakes: adaptive decision making for alternative use of fleeing and immobility." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199136.
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Sykes, António de Vilhena Andrade Ferreira. "On the use of live grass shrimp (Palaemonetes varians) as the only prey for cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) culture throughout the life cycle." Dissertação, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9665.
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Sykes, António de Vilhena Andrade Ferreira. "On the use of live grass shrimp (Palaemonetes varians) as the only prey for cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) culture throughout the life cycle." Master's thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9665.
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Jones, Jared K. "THE ALTERATION OF HABITAT USE BY CRAYFISH (ORCONECTES RUSTICUS) IN RESPONSE TO PREDATOR (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) CUES." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1335197748.
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Rydevik, Elin. "Evaluating the use of photography for monitoring feeding habits of common murre (Uria aalge)." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-181913.
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Seabirds are often used as indicator species for changes in marine ecosystems due to the species visibility and sensitivity to changing conditions, such as changes in prey abundance. They often reside in habitats affected by anthropogenic impacts such as large-scale fisheries and pollution. Understanding the connection between seabirds and their surrounding environment can give us important insight about the ecology of the ocean and how anthropogenic pressures affects it. Studying feeding habits, and foraging behavior especially, is useful for understanding seabird´s responses to changing environments. Feeding studies are commonly used in seabird monitoring and requires a lot of time and resources. Monitoring of seabirds are also logistically challenging, and the risk of disturbing bird colonies must be considered. It can be especially complicated when studying cliff nesting seabirds such as the common murre, Uria aalge, the study species for this thesis. Photography as a method for monitoring seabirds may limit the need of people on site, hence minimize disturbance and save time and resources. This study provides insight in whether it is a viable option to use photography instead of on-site field studies when monitoring sea birds. This was accomplished by installing cameras and monitor a feeding study at Stora Karlsö, Sweden, parallel with performing the usual monitoring in the field. This thesis makes it clear that a camera study very well could replace the field study without any larger concerns, although, improvements need to be considered if the study is to maintain a high quality and for results to be reliable.
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Freixa, Lídia Raquel Rocha. "Abundância e distribuição de aves de rapina noturnas no Parque Natural da Arrábida e Parque Natural Sintra-Cascais." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/17696.
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Atualmente assiste-se a um declínio generalizado da biodiversidade, em grande medida devido a alterações significativas no uso e ocupação do solo.
Estudou-se a densidade e abundância de duas espécies de aves de rapina noturnas, Mocho-galego (Athene noctua) e Coruja-do-mato (Strix aluco) no Parque Natural da Arrábida e no Parque Natural de Sintra-Cascais durante o período de Janeiro a Junho de 2013 e estabeleceram-se associações entre variáveis ambientais e a presença das espécies nestas áreas.
A diversidade da paisagem revelou-se uma variável ambiental altamente significativa para ambas as espécies. Sendo que o Mocho-galego apresenta preferência por habitats agrícolas e a coruja-do-mato por florestas de alta/média densidade.
Uma gestão correta dos usos e ocupação do solo nas áreas de estudo é fundamental para assegurar a presença destas espécies; ABSTRACT:
Abundance and distribution of nocturnal birds of prey in the natural park Arrábida and natural park Sintra-Cascais
Nowadays there is a general decline of biodiversity, due to significant changes of soil use and ocupation. The density of two nocturnal birds of prey species was studied, Little Owl (Athene noctua) and Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) at Natural Park Arrábida and natural park Sinta-Cascais throughout January and June 2013. Various associations between environmental variables and the presence of these species in these areas were found. The landscape diversity revealed itself to be a highly significant environmental variable for both species. Little Owl prefers agricultural habitats, the Tawny Owl prefers high/medium density forests. The right management of soil use and occupation on the studied areas is fundamental to assure the presence of the species.
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Bryant, Rachel L. "Food resource use and responses to changes in prey availability of common and thick-billed murres (Uria aalge and U. lomvia) breeding at the Gannet Islands, Labrador." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36102.pdf.
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Ameerbakhsh, Omair. "Towards the use of interactive simulation for effective e-learning in university classroom environment." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/27939.
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In this PhD thesis, the utilisation of interactive simulation in a higher education e-learning classroom environment was explored and its effectiveness was experimentally evaluated by engaging university students in a classroom setting. Two case studies were carried out for the experimental evaluation of the proposed novel interactive simulation e-learning tool. In the first case study, the use of interactive agent-based simulation was demonstrated in teaching complex adaptive system concepts in the area of ecology to university students and its effectiveness was measured in a classroom environment. In a lab intervention using a novel interactive agent-based simulation (built in NetLogo). For the purpose of teaching complex adaptive systems such as the concept of spatially-explicit predator prey interaction to undergraduate and postgraduate students in the University of Stirling. The effectiveness of using the interactive simulation was investigated by using the NetLogo software and compared with non-interactive simulation built using R programming language. The experimental evaluation was carried out using a total of 38 students. Results of this case study demonstrates that the students found interactive agent-based simulation to be more engaging, effective and user friendly as compare to the non-interactive simulation. In the second case study, a novel interactive simulation game was developed (in NetLogo) and its effectiveness in teaching and learning of complex concepts in the field of marine ecology was demonstrated. This case study makes a twofold contribution. Firstly, the presentation of a novel interactive simulation game, developed specifically for use in undergraduate and postgraduate courses in the area of marine ecology. This novel interactive simulation game is designed to help learners to explore a mathematical model of fishery population growth and understand the principles for sustainable fisheries. Secondly, the comparison of two different methods of using the interactive simulation game within the classroom was investigated: learning from active exploration of the interactive simulation game compared with learning from an expert demonstration of the interactive simulation game. The case study demonstrated the effectiveness of learning from passive viewing of an expert demonstration of the interactive simulation game over learning from active exploration of the interactive simulation game without expert guidance, for teaching complex concepts sustainable fishery management. A mixed methods study design was used, using both quantitative and qualitative methods to compare the learning effectiveness of the two approaches, and the students’ preferences. The investigation was carried out by running interventions with a mixture of undergraduate and postgraduate students from the University of Stirling in a classroom environment. A total of 74 participants were recruited from undergraduate and postgraduate level for both case studies. This thesis demonstrated through two case studies effectiveness of the proposed novel interactive simulation in university e-learning classroom environment.
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Bakian, Amanda V. "Behavioral Responses of Willow Flycatchers, Empidonax traillii, to a Heterogeneous Environment." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/914.
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Spatial heterogeneity impacts population and community-level dynamics including species-level dispersal patterns, the use and availability of refugia, predator/prey dynamics, and reproductive fitness. Understanding how wild animal populations respond to environmental heterogeneity is essential for their proper management and conservation. In this study, I examine the responses of Willow Flycatchers to spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of their food and habitat resources. Over the course of three breeding seasons, I radio- tracked Willow Flycatchers at Fish Creek in Manti-La Sal National Forest in Utah, recorded detailed behavior data at each radio location, and collected fecal, feather and insect samples. I formulated individual and population-level Bayesian spatial resource selection functions to model Willow Flycatcher foraging and vocalization behavior on multiple scales. These models indicate that vocalization and foraging behavior are spatially segregated within the home ranges of Willow Flycatchers. Further, Willow Flycatchers were found to use mature riparian habitat for vocalizing while they used a variety of habitat types for foraging. The insect samples were used to identify distinct carbon and nitrogen stable isotope signatures for the aquatic and terrestrial insect communities at Fish Creek. In conjunction with the fecal samples, I used the stable isotope signatures to determine the contribution of aquatic versus terrestrial insects to the Willow Flycatcher diet. Aquatic insects comprised a larger proportion of the diet of adult than nestling Willow Flycatchers. This suggests that adult flycatchers consume a diet that is distinct from the one they feed to their nestlings. Finally, I compared space use characteristics in two populations of Willow Flycatchers: a population of the endangered Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Roosevelt Lake, Arizona and another belonging to a non-endangered subspecies of Willow Flycatcher at Fish Creek, Utah. Differences in space use were found largely among breeding flycatchers while space use characteristics in non-breeding Willow Flycatchers did not differ across populations. This suggests that space use patterns in non-breeding Southwestern Willow Flycatchers may be generalizable to non-breeding flycatchers from non-endangered populations. This study expands our understanding of how Willow Flycatchers respond to spatial heterogeneity while its key findings have management and conservation implications for the species.
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Imron, Muhammad Ali. "An Individual-based Model Approach for the Conservation of the Sumatran Tiger Panthera tigris sumatrae Population in Central Sumatra." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-66463.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation demonstrates the construction of the Panthera Population Persistence (PPP), an individual-based model for the Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) which provides proper theoretical and application frameworks for the conservation of this tiger sub-species in central Sumatra. The PPP model was developed to gain insight into tiger-preyhabitat relationships as well as the effect of human impacts on the persistence of tiger populations. The model addresses three main problems for the survival of the Sumatran tiger: tiger poaching, prey depletion, and habitat loss. The description of the PPP model serves as an in-depth study of existing literature and covers the most important factors of existing models for tiger conservation. Existing modelling approaches have been improved by the inclusion of finer description of individual-level traits and behaviours in the PPP model. The modelling approach allows a direct inter-relationships between individuals and their environment. The relationship between individual behaviours, intrinsic states, and external factors are simulated spatially explicitly in a bottom-up approach where the emergence of the population dynamics of tiger and prey can be observed under different scenarios. The integration between the PPP model and geographical information system (GIS) has provided a much more meaningful spatial data by revealing the mechanism of the response of individuals to the present land-use types. The relative importance of the parameters within the PPP model was tested using two modes of sensitivity analysis: The Morris Method and the traditional One-factor-at-a-time method. The results provided guidance for the application of reasonable sensitivity analysis during the development of individual-based models. The Morris Method suggested that the overall output of the PPP model showed a high sensitivity on the change of time required by a tigress to take care of cubs. The analysis also revealed that the number of dispersers was sensitive toward perceptual distance of individuals to detect the presence of prey. Comparison with a similar predator-prey models provided insight into the predator-prey relationship. The comparison also suggested that perceptual distance of the individual is important for any spatially explicit individual-based model involving predator-prey relationships. The parameterization of the individual perceptual distance of tigers was tested by using existing literature on prey consumption by tigers as a benchmark. The simulation results were within the range of scientific acceptance for the number of prey killed by a tiger. Thus, further use of the set of parameters for a tiger’s perceptual distance is less uncertain for the output of the PPP model. The effect of habitat quality and landscape configuration on the mortality and migration of prey were evaluated through the use of virtual habitats and landscapes. The findings suggested that a good habitat quality enables prey survival, increases the population available for predation by tigers. When a low-quality habitat is combined with a high-quality habitat, the number of migrating prey was high, reducing resources for tigers. This suggested that landscape composition should be considered when predicting population persistence of the Sumatran tiger. Optimal movement of two different prey resulted in a high density of prey in high-quality habitat, providing a concentration of prey in a tiger’s habitat, but resulted in a lower tiger predation rate than random movement and species specific movement. The PPP model has been applied to evaluate the effect of poaching, prey depletion, and their combination for the probability of extinction of a tiger population. The results from the evaluation showed that prey depletion, tiger poaching, and a combination of both, created a 100% probability of extinction within 20 years if the density and frequency of those threats at high rates. However, the duration of those threats in the system caused a 100% probability of extinction from tiger poaching. The results are able to contribute to optimize anti-poaching programs in future, to reduce significantly the probability of total extinction of Sumatran tiger. Furthermore, various landscape configurations have been tested against the probability and time of extinction for the Sumatran tiger population. The integration of spatial GIS-data in the model provides an insight into the relationship between tiger-prey-habitat. The results suggested that habitat quality surrounding a protected area plays an important role for the persistence of the Sumatran tiger population. This study also recommends agroforestry systems as reasonable land-use type in the vicinity of protected areas. They provide not only positive effects for tiger conservation purpose but they also appear as adaptable to the current land-use situation in Sumatra islandDie vorliegende Dissertation beschreibt die Entwicklung des Panthera Populations Persistence (PPP) Modells, eines individuenbasierten Simulationsmodells für den Sumatra-Tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae). Dieses stellt einen geeigneten theoretischen und anwendungsbezogenen Rahmen für den Schutz dieser Tiger-Unterart in Zentralsumatra bereit. Das PPP-Modell wurde entwickelt, um Einblicke in die Tiger-Beute-Habitat-Beziehungen zu gewinnen, sowie um den Effekt anthropogener Einflüsse auf den Fortbestand von Tigerpopulationen abzuschätzen. Dabei werden die drei Hauptprobleme für das Überleben des Sumatra-Tigers analysiert: die Wilderei, der Rückgang von Beutetieren und der Verlust von geeigneten Habitaten. Die Beschreibung des PPP-Modells gibt zunächst einen umfassenden Überblick zum aktuellen Wissensstand auf dem Gebiet des Tigerschutzes und integriert die wichtigsten Faktoren bereits existierender Modellansätze. Diese konnten durch die Einbeziehung einer detaillierten Beschreibung von individuellen Merkmalen und Verhalten verbessert werden. Das PPPModell stellt somit das Individuum in einen direkten Zusammenhang mit dessen Umwelt. Die Beziehung zwischen individuellem Verhalten, intrinsischen Merkmalen und externen Faktoren werden räumlich-explizit in einem bottom-up Ansatz simuliert. Damit kann sowohl die Populationsdynamik des Tigers als auch die seiner Beutetiere unter verschiedenen Annahmen beobachtet werden. Die Verknüpfung des PPP-Modells mit Geographischen Informationssystemen (GIS) bietet die Möglichkeit, die Reaktionsmechanismen der Individuen basierend auf der gegenwärtigen Landnutzungssituation zu simulieren und somit realitätsnahe räumliche Daten zu generieren. Die relative Bedeutung der Modell-Parameter auf die Simulationsergebnisse kann durch Sensitivitätsanalysen ermittelt werden. Hier wurden zwei verschiedene Ansätze verwendet: die Morris-Methode und die herkömmliche One-factor-at-a-time Methode. Der Vergleich beider methodischen Ansätze zeigte somit beispielhaft die Eignung unterschiedlicher Sensitivitätsanalysen für individuenbasierte Modelle auf. Die Morris-Methode zeigte, dass das Gesamtergebnis des PPP-Modells eine hohe Sensitivität gegenüber der Veränderung der Zeit aufweist, die ein Tigerweibchen braucht, um ihre Jungen aufzuziehen. Die Analyse zeigt auch, dass die Anzahl an abwandernden Tigern sensitiv gegenüber der IndividuellenWahrnehmungsdistanz von Beute ist. Der Vergleich mit einem ähnlichen Räuber-Beute-Modell lässt vermuten, dass diese Wahrnehmungsdistanz eines Individuums generell als ein entscheidender Faktor für Räuber-Beute-Beziehungen in räumlich-expliziten Individuenmodellen an- gesehen werden kann. Die Parametrisierung der IndividuellenWahrnehmungsdistanz des Tigers wurde so gewahlt, dass die damit ermittelten Simulationsergebnisse den Beutekonsum des Tigers, wie in der Literatur beschrieben, weitgehen widerspiegeln. Sie ist somit für die weitere Anwendung im PPP-Modell ausreichend gut beschrieben. Simulationsszenarien, welche verschiedene Habitatqualitäten sowie Landnutzungsmuster berücksichtigen, zeigen auch deren Bedeutung für die Mortalität und Migration der Beutetiere. Eine gute Habitatqualität hat eine geringe Mortalität der Beutetiere zur Folge, welche dann wiederum für den Tiger in ausreichender Zahl zur Verfügung stehen. Treten geringe Habitatqualitäten angrenzend an ein Habitat mit hoher Qualität auf, führte dies zu einer hohen Anzahl an abwandernden Beutetieren, womit sich die Ressourcen für den Tiger verringern. Die Landschaftsmerkmale sollten also bei der Vorhersage des Populationsfortbestandes des Sumatra-Tigers berücksichtigt werden. Die optimale Bewegung von zwei verschiedenen Beutetieren ergab eine hohe Beutedichte in einem Habitat mit hoher Qualität und stellte konzentriert Beute in einem Tigerhabitat bereit. Allerdings resultierte dies auch in einer geringeren Prädationsrate des Tigers, verglichen mit zufälligen oder artenspezifischen Bewegungen. Das PPP-Modell wurde angewandt, um die Auswirkungen von Wilderei, Beutetierrückgang sowie die Kombination beider Faktoren auf die Aussterbewahrscheinlichkeit einer Tigerpopulation zu bewerten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die genannten Faktoren eine 100-prozentige Aussterbewahrscheinlichkeit innerhalb von 20 Jahren zur Folge haben, wenn die Dichte und Häufigkeit dieser Bedrohungen hoch sind. Die Dauer dieser Bedrohungen im System verursachte allerdings eine 100-prozentige Aussterbewahrscheinlichkeit nur für die Wilderei von Tigern. Betrachtet man unabhängig von Dichte und Häufigkeit einzig die Dauer der Bedrohung, führt lediglich die Wilderei zum 100%-igen Aussterben. Diese Ergebnisse können maßgeblich dazu beitragen, zukünftig Schutzprogramme gegen die Wilderei zu optimieren, um das Aussterben des Sumatra-Tigers zu verhindern. DesWeiteren wurde der Einfluss von unterschiedlichen Landnutzungsmustern auf die Aussterbewahrscheinlichkeit und -zeit einer Sumatra-Tigerpopulation aufgezeigt. Die Integration von räumlichen GIS-Daten in das Modell ermöglichte einen Einblick in die Beziehungen zwischen Tiger, Beutetieren und Habitat. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Habitatqualität um Schutzgebiete herum eine wichtige Rolle für den Fortbestand der Population spielt. Die vorliegende Arbeit empfiehlt Agroforstsysteme als eine geeignete Landnutzungsform in der Nähe von Schutzgebieten, welche sowohl positive Effekte für den Tigerschutz bietet als auch mit den gegenwärtigen Landnutzungsmustern in Sumatra vereinbar erscheint
29
Farr, C. R. "PREP Use for Cultural Control." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219736.
Full textAbstract:
The 1985 and 1986 Cotton Reports have the same publication and P-Series numbers.Use of a September 13 application of Prep reduced squares 88 percent and 3/4 inch to 7/8 inch diameter bolls 33 percent as available host material for boll weevils and pink bollworms. Approximately 50 percent of retained bolls increased in size by October 15. This treatment permitted single-harvest by October 3 with a loss of 64 pounds of lint per acre when compared to traditional double harvest. Value of yield difference was approximately equal to the cost of second machine harvest.
30
Halstead, Brian J. "Predator behavior and prey demography in patchy habitats." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002414.
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Allen, Hamilton Ford. "The use of the infinitive in Polybius compared with the use of the infinitive in Biblical Greek." Chicago, The University of Chicago Press, 2009. http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/dig/pres/2006-0612.
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Mulla, Imran. "Pre-school use of FM amplification technology." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/preschool-use-of-fm-amplification-technology(a4d0de3d-7dfa-4c25-b9df-4ecc45ed4ee1).html.
Full textAbstract:
In identifying the importance of early identification of hearing loss in children, very little attention has been given to how advanced FM technology may improve outcomes. Distance, noise and reverberation remain considerable challenges for individuals using hearing aids, more so in really young children. The aim of this present research was to evaluate and explore the benefits of advanced integrated FM amplification technology with pre-school hearing aided children. The research was of a longitudinal prospective design, including both quantitative and qualitative analysis of FM technology use in pre-school hearing aided participants. All participants were provided with the latest hearing aid and integrated FM amplification technology suited to their hearing loss. An initial study was conducted to validate the 'AutoConnect' feature on the FM technology provided to participants. The manufacturers of the 'AutoConnect' purport the feature removes the need for verifying FM technology 'transparency'. The results indicated the feature did work with the hearing aid and FM combinations used in this study. Three further studies were conducted. The first of these evaluated FM device use via daily diaries, datalogging and questionnaires. Five of the seven families were able to establish regular FM use in a range of environments and settings. The environments where the FM was used most frequently were the home, car, nursery, shopping and outdoors. Listening evaluation measures with FM technology demonstrated the greatest improvements were in noise and at distance. Parents rated the FM technology highly, with all parents reporting 5 out of 5 for 'easy to operate'. Significant improvements in language development were noticed for the three children whose language development was identified as 'at risk' at the start of the study. The second of the three studies qualitatively explored the views and experiences of parents and carers on their use of FM technology. Eight weekly diaries, seven completed by parents and one completed by pre-school nursery staff of one of the participants, were collected throughout the study period. Seven semi structured interviews were conducted with parents at the end of study participation. Altogether eight cases were included for analysis with seven including both diaries and interviews and one case including diary only. Thematic content analysis sought to acknowledge parents and carers as the experts and place them in the centre of knowledge generation. Six main themes were identified: access to speech, listening, communication, wellbeing, engagement/ownership and practicalities of FM use. More detailed sub-themes were generated under the main six headings. Overall the analysis highlighted the potential benefits, barriers and challenges to pre-school use of FM technology. The final study used the language environment analysis (LENA) system to compare differences in language environment with and without FM use. The findings indicated the language environment of the children in this study was comparable to their hearing peers. The acoustic environment results suggested the largest portion of children's day was spent in environments where speech was at a distance or in background noise. The thesis concludes by discussing the findings and implications of this study and highlighting areas for future research. The current study provides a unique contribution to the existing literature and together with future research can be integral to the provision of FM technology as standard for pre-school hearing aided children.
33
Paul, Shubhabrata. "Prey-size selectivity in the bivalve Chione in the Florida Pliocene-Pleistocene : a re-evaluation." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002740.
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Witte, Rachel B. "The relationship between sleep, behavior, and pre-academic skills in pre-kindergarteners." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001795.
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Van, Deventer Michelle. "Brevetoxins in marine birds : evidence of trophic transfer and the role of prey fish as toxin vector." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002291.
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Osmon, Amy L. "Investigation of visual fields and visually-mediated behavior in the bonnethead shark (Sphyrna tiburo)." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002795.
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McDade, J. "Pre-existence language and the dynamic of metaphorical predication : The Christological use of pre-existence language in the light of Paul Ricoeur's theory of metaphor." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372971.
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Dorant, Elisabeth. "Onion and leek consumption, garlic supplement use and the incidence of cancer." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1994. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6525.
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Garrow, Amanda Lorraine. "The use of simulation in pre-registration nurse education." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-use-of-simulation-in-preregistration-nurse-education(a6a58bfe-7280-4684-b140-d386da02986b).html.
Full textAbstract:
In 2007 the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) endorsed the use of simulation to replace up to three hundred hours of practice learning in the pre-registration nursing programme (NMC, 2007a). This decision was the impetus for this study as it raised questions regarding whether simulation could replace practice and whether simulated learning transferred to the practice setting. For the first time, the NMC proposal to replace practice hours with simulation has been critically analysed and the implications of this decision explored. A literature review demonstrated a lack of robust evidence to support the use of simulation in this way. This informed the development of this study’s research question and aims. A qualitative collective case study was chosen as the optimum research design to facilitate in-depth exploration of the use of simulation at a selected university in the North West of England. The in-depth qualitative case study incorporated multiple models of simulation, student cohorts, nurse educators and key informants which provided the most comprehensive analysis of viewpoints in any published research in the UK to date. Deeper understanding of the case arose from the use of multiple data collection methods: documentary analysis, participant observation and interviews which enabled findings to be triangulated and corroborated. Most importantly, because the simulation models used were comparable to those used by other education providers in the UK; there is a possibility of the transferability of findings which could be used to inform the development of simulation in the under-graduate nursing curriculum. This thesis develops an argument that there were three key assumptions made by the NMC when they endorsed the replacement of practice hours with simulation. The first is that there is a shared understanding in nursing regarding what simulation is. Secondly; that simulation is delivered in a ‘safe environment’ and finally that competence demonstrated in simulation transfers seamlessly to practice. This thesis has presented new knowledge and developed an argument for caution regarding the use of simulation in pre-registration nurse education. These findings challenge the assumptions made by the NMC and highlight issues for further consideration and exploration namely: the ambiguity regarding the concept of simulation, student safety during simulation, student perceptions of authenticity and finally the transfer of simulated learning to practice.
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Nixon, Per Anders. "Effects of translocation on the Florida Burrowing Owl, athene cunicularia floridana." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001844.
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Estes-Del, Re Re Darlene M. "Preschoolers' Use of Technology in the Classroom." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/954.
Full textAbstract:
Almost from birth, children are immersed in a technologically rich world yet they often enter preschools that offer little to no use of technology. Preschool learning is tied to more traditional forms of reading and writing; this may be inconsistent with the ways children are learning at home and will learn in elementary school. Despite growing interest in creating learning environments that better mirror the technological experiences of the home, there is a significant gap in current research about how learning is affected in preschool environments designed with multiple forms of technology. This qualitative single case study was designed to explore children's preferred uses of technology for learning in a Montessori preschool. The study was supported by the New London Group's theory of multiliteracies and the model of the Montessori method. Data were collected using pre and post teacher interviews, observations, and student generated video and audio recordings of learning activities. Data were coded to form preliminary categories, and open coding was used to generate themes. The findings revealed that children preferred to use technology to express ideas, to write stories, and to visually document and share their learning experiences with others. When technology was made readily available for learning, children became confident, independent, and responsible users. The inclusion of technology also increased learning and encouraged children to socially interact through new media. Implications for social change include the implementation of learning tools that are more closely aligned with those used in future schooling which may result in higher achievement.
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Terry-Smith, Justin B. "Factors Influencing Use of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men." Thesis, Walden University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10816883.
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Prevention is key to keeping men who have sex with men (MSM) protected from Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Despite new and innovative HIV prevention resources such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), factors such as education level, employment status, number of sexual partners, and access to health resources may inhibit certain populations from using PrEP. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between education level, employment status, number of sexual partners, and access to health resources and the use of PrEP among MSM. The fundamental cause theory was used to examine how socioeconomic barriers are associated with the use of PrEP among MSM in the United States. Secondary data from 217 surveys were collected from the Public Library of Science. Findings from multiple regression analyses indicated that employment status, access to health resources, and number of sexual partners were not associated with use of PrEP among MSM. Those who had at least some high school or a high school diploma were 3.98 times more likely to be likely to extremely likely to use PrEP, compared to those who had less than a high school education (OR = 3.98, p = .048). Those who had some college were 6.91 more likely to be likely to extremely likely to use PrEP, compared to those who had less than a high school education (OR = 6.91, p = .028). Findings may be used to assist public health professionals in identifying factors that prevent the use of PrEP. By addressing these health threats, and social barriers, specialists could have the ability to increase HIV prevention activity in populations that are more susceptible to being infected with HIV and may decrease HIV infections not only within the MSM population but also in other populations.
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Huber, Daniel Robert. "Cranial biomechanics and feeding performance of sharks." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001628.
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Osimani, Filippo. "The Use of Unbonded Tendons for Prestressed Concrete Bridges." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-37000.
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Phillips, Lee E. "Pre-service teachers' attitudes toward the use of inclusive classrooms /." Full text available online, 2009. http://www.lib.rowan.edu/find/theses.
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Whitley, Aaron, and Aaron Whitley. "Pre-Hospital Providers Use of Ketamine for Rapid Sequence Intubation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624581.
Full textAbstract:
Patients are injected with anesthetics to produce analgesia, amnesia, and arreflexia for many different reasons such as surgery, invasive procedures, and emergency interventions; one anesthetic induction technique is rapid sequence intubation (RSI). The RSI technique is performed to safely control the airway in patients needing immediate airway management. A particular induction anesthetic with increased use in the pre-hospital arena is ketamine. In October 2016, Ketamine was added to the RSI protocol of one pre-hospital organization whereby providers can use ketamine as an induction agent.
Purpose. The purpose of this project is to determine if there is a relationship between pre-hospital providers (PHPs) choice of using ketamine to facilitate intubation and knowledge about the anesthetic agent in regards to the adult trauma patient.
Setting. The setting to this project was a local pre-hospital organization located in Gilbert, Arizona.
Participants. The participants of this project are PHPs who maintain an active national and Arizona Department of Health Services (AZDHS) certification as emergency medical technician-paramedics (EMT-P).
Method. An online survey was disseminated that included questions regarding frequency of ketamine use, knowledge of ketamine as well as questions regarding their choice of induction agent.
Results. The response rate was 32.3%. The majority of PHP's have greater than 10 years experience as a certified emergency paramedic (68.8%) and less than half (38.7%) of the certified emergency paramedics (CEP) have used ketamine for RSI. Of the respondents that have 10 used ketamine as an induction agent, the majority (66.0%) would choose ketamine over another induction agent. While the majority of respondents rate themselves as knowledgeable in the pharmacological profile of ketamine (93.8%), the majority has also had less than five hours of training on ketamine (59.4%). The overwhelming majority agreed that they would benefit from training on aspects of ketamine.
Conclusion. The seasoned CEP's would choose ketamine over other induction agents for RSI of the adult patient. The choice to use ketamine is based upon self-reported pharmacological knowledge of the drug. The limited occurrence of RSI and use of ketamine supports continual training on the use of ketamine and the RSI technique.
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Blair, Kevin J., Eddy R. Segura, Alex Garner, Jianchao Lai, Amy Ritterbusch, Sebastian Leon-Giraldo, Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, Jordan E. Lake, Jesse Clark, and Ian W. Holloway. "PrEP Awareness, Use, Intention to Use, and Information Source Among Geosocial Networking Application Users in Mexico in 2018–2019." Springer, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655887.
Full textAbstract:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has limited availability across Latin America, though access is increasing. We explored PrEP uptake in Mexico via an online survey completed by Spanish-speaking, Hornet geosocial networking application (GSN app) users without HIV (n = 2020). Most (81.3%) had heard of PrEP, 3.5% were current users, and 34.2% intended to take PrEP within six months. Current PrEP use was associated with PrEP eligibility (aOR 26.07 [95%CI 13.05–52.09], p < 0.001), recent STI testing (aOR 3.79 [95%CI 1.10–13.11], p = 0.035), and recent chemsex (aOR 3.02 [95%CI 1.02–8.93], p = 0.046). Recent STI testing was associated with hearing about PrEP from a doctor (aOR 3.26 [95%CI 1.98–5.36], p < 0.001), and those who lived in large cities were less likely to have learned about PrEP via Hornet (aOR 0.52 [95%CI 0.32–0.85], p = 0.009). Interventions to increase PrEP uptake in Mexico should build upon existing health networks and utilize GSN apps for PrEP information dissemination, particularly in less populated areas.
University of California
Revisión por pares
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Lennox, William M. "DESIGN AND USE OF MODERN OPTIMAL RATIO COMBINERS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607613.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThis paper will discuss the design and use of Optimal Ratio Combiners in modern telemetry applications. This will include basic design theory, operational setups, and various types of combiner configurations. The paper will discuss the advantages of pre-detection vs. post-detection combining. Finally, the paper will discuss modern design techniques.
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Koyuncu, Ilhan. "Investigating The Use Of Technology On Pre-service Elementary Mathematics Teachers." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615588/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate plane geometry problem solving strategies of pre-service elementary mathematics teachers in technology and paper-and-pencil environments after receiving an instruction with GeoGebra. Qualitative research strategies were used to investigate teacher candidates&lsquosolution strategies. The data was collected and analyzed by means of a multiple case study design. The study was carried out with 7 pre-service elementary mathematics teachers. The main data sources were classroom observations and interviews. After receiving a three-week instructional period, the participants experienced data collection sessions during a week. The data was analyzed by using records of the interviews, answers to the instrument, and transcribing and examining observation records. Results revealed that the participants developed three solution strategies: algebraic, geometric and harmonic. They used mostly algebraic solutions in paper-and-pencil environment and v geometric ones in technology environment. It means that different environments contribute separately pre-service teachers&lsquo
mathematical problem solving abilities. Different from traditional environments, technology contributed students&lsquo
mathematical understanding by means of dynamic features. In addition, pre-service teachers saved time, developed alternative strategies, constructed the figures precisely, visualized them easily, and measured accurately and quickly. The participants faced some technical difficulties in using the software at the beginning of the study but they overcome most of them at the end of instructional period. The results of this study has useful implications for mathematics teachers to use technology during their problem solving activities as educational community encourages to use technology in teaching and learning of mathematics.
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Rivers, Essence O. "Adolescent Pre-Treatment Characteristics as Predictors of Substance Use Treatment Process." Xavier University Psychology / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xupsy1623769948155806.
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