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1

Abdul Manaf, Zati Iwani, and Mohd Hafiz Mohd. "Dynamical System Analysis of the Prey-predator Interactions involving Prey Refuge and Herd Behaviors in Preys." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 18, no. 1 (2022): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v18n1.2415.

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By employing a prey refuge mechanism, more preys can be protected from predation. Prey species are also better protected from predation when they congregate in herds. However, what if the prey refuge and herd behavior mechanisms were combined in a system? To investigate this phenomenon, we consider two different prey-predator systems with prey refuge capacity. The first system is a simple prey-predator with prey refuge, whereas the second system considers prey refuge and prey herd behavior mechanisms. Using these models, we explore how different prey refuge strategies affect species interactio
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2

Orgad, Zvi. "Prey of Pray: Allegorizing the Liturgical Practice." Arts 9, no. 1 (2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts9010003.

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Numerous images embedded in the painted decorations in early modern Central and Eastern European synagogues conveyed allegorical messages to the congregation. The symbolism was derived from biblical verses, stories, legends, and prayers, and sometimes different allegories were combined to develop coherent stories. In the present case study, which concerns a bird, seemingly a nocturnal raptor, depicted on the ceiling of the Unterlimpurg Synagogue, I explore the symbolism of this image in the contexts of liturgy, eschatology, and folklore. I undertake a comparative analysis of paintings in medie
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3

Sih, Andrew, and David E. Wooster. "Prey Behavior, Prey Dispersal, and Predator Impacts on Stream Prey." Ecology 75, no. 5 (1994): 1199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1937446.

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4

Johansson, Frank. "Increased prey vulnerability as a result of prey-prey interactions." Hydrobiologia 308, no. 2 (1995): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00007398.

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5

Fitzmaurice, Dylan, Puja Saha, Megan E. Nunez, Eileen M. Spain, Catherine M. Volle, and Megan A. Ferguson. "Adhesion Forces in Bacterial Predator-Prey and Prey-Prey Systems." Biophysical Journal 116, no. 3 (2019): 431a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.2317.

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6

Varga, Doc. "Prey." After Dinner Conversation 2, no. 5 (2021): 5–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/adc20212541.

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When is suicide acceptable? Are their acceptable and unacceptable reasons for suicide? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Jared has decided to enter a government program that, after 15 hours of counseling, will allow him to legally take his own life. Doctor Ansley is the top government therapist with 199 “saves” for the year. After several sessions it becomes clear that Jared has serious conviction about dying, but he also has a secret reason for his choice. Only after Doctor Ansley tricks him by giving him a fake test does he divulge his true reason for wanting to die. Jared b
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7

MacCarthy, Catherine Phil. "Prey." College English 61, no. 4 (1999): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/378926.

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8

Goodwin, June. "Prey." Women's Review of Books 8, no. 2 (1990): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4020874.

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9

Wrigley, Robert. "Prey." Manoa 32, no. 1 (2020): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/man.2020.0036.

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10

Stein, Gary. "Prey." JAMA 304, no. 2 (2010): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.652.

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11

Varga, Doc. "Prey." After Dinner Conversation 5, no. 3 (2024): 78–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/adc20245328.

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When is suicide acceptable? Are their acceptable and unacceptable reasons for suicide? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Jared has decided to enter a government program that, after 15 hours of counseling, will allow him to legally take his own life. Doctor Ansley is the top government therapist with 199 “saves” for the year. After several sessions it becomes clear that Jared has serious conviction about dying, but he also has a secret reason for his choice. Only after Doctor Ansley tricks him by giving him a fake test does he divulge his true reason for wanting to die. Jared b
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12

Sih, Andrew. "Prey refuges and predator-prey stability." Theoretical Population Biology 31, no. 1 (1987): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-5809(87)90019-0.

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13

Yakubu, Abdul-Aziz. "Prey dominance in discrete predator-prey systems with a prey refuge." Mathematical Biosciences 144, no. 2 (1997): 155–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-5564(97)00026-6.

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14

Houston, A. I. "Prey size of single-prey loaders as an indicator of prey abundance." Ecology Letters 3, no. 1 (2000): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-0248.2000.00110.x.

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15

Jones, Katherine A., Andrew L. Jackson, and Graeme D. Ruxton. "Prey jitters; protean behaviour in grouped prey." Behavioral Ecology 22, no. 4 (2011): 831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr062.

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16

Hethcote, Herbert W., Wendi Wang, Litao Han, and Zhien Ma. "A predator–prey model with infected prey." Theoretical Population Biology 66, no. 3 (2004): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2004.06.010.

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17

Siemers, Björn M., and René Güttinger. "Prey conspicuousness can explain apparent prey selectivity." Current Biology 16, no. 5 (2006): R157—R159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.056.

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18

Siemers, Björn M., and René Güttinger. "Prey conspicuousness can explain apparent prey selectivity." Current Biology 16, no. 5 (2006): R157—R159. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429453.

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19

Siemers, Björn M., and René Güttinger. "Prey conspicuousness can explain apparent prey selectivity." Current Biology 16, no. 5 (2006): R157—R159. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429453.

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20

Siemers, Björn M., and René Güttinger. "Prey conspicuousness can explain apparent prey selectivity." Current Biology 16, no. 5 (2006): R157—R159. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429453.

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21

Siemers, Björn M., and René Güttinger. "Prey conspicuousness can explain apparent prey selectivity." Current Biology 16, no. 5 (2006): R157—R159. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429453.

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22

Siemers, Björn M., and René Güttinger. "Prey conspicuousness can explain apparent prey selectivity." Current Biology 16, no. 5 (2006): R157—R159. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429453.

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23

Switzer, P. V. "Avian prey-dropping behavior. I. The effects of prey characteristics and prey loss." Behavioral Ecology 10, no. 3 (1999): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/10.3.213.

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24

Zhang, Yixin, and John S. Richardson. "Unidirectional prey–predator facilitation: apparent prey enhance predators' foraging success on cryptic prey." Biology Letters 3, no. 3 (2007): 348–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0087.

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Food availability can strongly affect predator–prey dynamics. When change in habitat condition reduces the availability of one prey type, predators often search for other prey, perhaps in a different habitat. Interactions between behavioural and morphological traits of different prey may influence foraging success of visual predators through trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs), such as prey activity and body coloration. We tested the hypothesis that foraging success of stream-dwelling cutthroat trout ( Onchorhyncus clarki ) on cryptically coloured, less-active benthic prey (larval may
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25

Calver, MC, DA Saunders, and BD Porter. "The Diet of Nestling Rainbow Bee-Eaters, Merops-Ornatus, on Rottnest Island, Western-Australia, and Observations on a Non-Destructive Method of Diet Analysis." Wildlife Research 14, no. 4 (1987): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9870541.

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The diet of nestling rainbow bee-eaters, Merops ornatus, was determined by analysis of droppings and regurgitated pellets collected at one site on Rottnest I., W.A. in the summer of 1982/83, and five sites in the summer of 1983/84. In total, 2187 insects from 10 families were identified. These comprised: Hymenoptera (95%), including Scoliidae (14%), Tiphiidae (38%), Sphecidae (l8.5%), Apoidea (1%), Formicoidea (7.5%) and undetermined Hymenoptera (16%); Coleoptera, Buprestidae (1.5%); Diptera, Muscidae (<1%); Hemiptera (3%); Odonata (<1%); and Orthoptera (<1%). The relative proportions
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26

Guo, Xiaoxia, and Zhiming Guo. "A Markov-switching predator–prey model with Allee effect for preys." International Journal of Biomathematics 13, no. 03 (2020): 2050018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524520500187.

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This paper concerns with a Markov-switching predator–prey model with Allee effect for preys. The conditions under which extinction of predator and prey populations occur have been established. Sufficient conditions are also given for persistence and global attractivity in mean. In addition, stability in the distribution of the system under consideration is derived under some assumptions. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate theoretical results.
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27

GILLESPIE, ROSEMARY. "Impaled prey." Nature 355, no. 6357 (1992): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/355212b0.

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28

Pittinos, Emily. "Prey Animal." New England Review 40, no. 1 (2019): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ner.2019.0015.

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29

Pickering, Travis Rayne. "Underrated Prey?" Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews 14, no. 4 (2005): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/evan.20070.

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30

Matia, S. N., and S. Alam. "Prey-predator Dynamics under Herd Behavior of Prey." Universal Journal of Applied Mathematics 1, no. 4 (2013): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujam.2013.010408.

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31

Gani, J., and R. J. Swift. "Prey-predator models with infected prey and predators." Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 33, no. 11/12 (2013): 5059–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2013.33.5059.

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32

A. Braza, Peter. "Predator-Prey Dynamics with Disease in the Prey." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 2, no. 4 (2005): 703–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2005.2.703.

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33

Allan, J. D., A. S. Flecker, and N. L. McClintock. "Prey Preference of Stoneflies: Sedentary vs Mobile Prey." Oikos 49, no. 3 (1987): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3565768.

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34

Rahman, Md Sabiar, and Santabrata Chakravarty. "A predator-prey model with disease in prey." Nonlinear Analysis: Modelling and Control 18, no. 2 (2013): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/na.18.2.14022.

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. The present investigation deals with the disease in the prey population having significant role in curbing the dynamical behaviour of the system of prey-predator interactions from both ecological and mathematical point of view. The predator-prey model introduced by Cosner et al. [1] has been wisely modified in the present work based on the biological point of considerations. Here one introduces the disease which may spread among the prey species only. Following the formulation of the model, all the equilibria are systematically analyzed and the existence of a Hopf bifurcation at the interior
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35

Møller, A. P., J. M. Peralta-Sánchez, J. T. Nielsen, E. López-Hernández, and J. J. Soler. "Goshawk prey have more bacteria than non-prey." Journal of Animal Ecology 81, no. 2 (2011): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01923.x.

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36

Bruno, Eleonora, Christian Marc Andersen Borg, and Thomas Kiørboe. "Prey Detection and Prey Capture in Copepod Nauplii." PLoS ONE 7, no. 10 (2012): e47906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047906.

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37

Chakraborty, Aspriha, Manmohan Singh, David Lucy, and Peter Ridland. "Predator–prey model with prey-taxis and diffusion." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 46, no. 3-4 (2007): 482–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2006.10.010.

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38

Chivers, W. J., W. Gladstone, R. D. Herbert, and M. M. Fuller. "Predator–prey systems depend on a prey refuge." Journal of Theoretical Biology 360 (November 2014): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.07.016.

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39

Martin, Annik, and Shigui Ruan. "Predator-prey models with delay and prey harvesting." Journal of Mathematical Biology 43, no. 3 (2001): 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002850100095.

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40

Wang, Yi, and Jianzhong Wang. "Influence of prey refuge on predator–prey dynamics." Nonlinear Dynamics 67, no. 1 (2011): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-011-9971-z.

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41

Ugan, Andrew, and Steven Simms. "On Prey Mobility, Prey Rank, and Foraging Goals." American Antiquity 77, no. 1 (2012): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.77.1.179.

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AbstractIn their recent paper “In Pursuit of Mobile Prey,” Bird, Bliege-Bird, and Codding (2009) identify a negative relationship between body size and post-encounter returns among Martu prey in western Australia, attributing the phenomena to the greater mobility of large animals and associated risk of hunting failure. While this phenomenon has implications for archaeological applications of foraging models that assume body size and on-encounter returns are positively correlated, the Martu data may be less exceptional than they appear. Here we outline the reasons for our skepticism, point out
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42

Onkonburi, J., and D. R. Formanowicz '. "Prey choice by predators: effect of prey vulnerability." Ethology Ecology & Evolution 9, no. 1 (1997): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927014.1997.9522899.

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43

Chen, Meijun, Huaihuo Cao, and Shengmao Fu. "Stationary Patterns of a Predator–Prey Model with Prey-Stage Structure and Prey-Taxis." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 31, no. 03 (2021): 2150038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127421500383.

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In this paper, a predator–prey model with prey-stage structure and prey-taxis is proposed and studied. Firstly, the local stability of non-negative constant equilibria is analyzed. It is shown that non-negative equilibria have the same stability between ODE system and self-diffusion system, and self-diffusion does not have a destabilization effect. We find that there exists a threshold value [Formula: see text] such that the positive equilibrium point of the model becomes unstable when the prey-taxis rate [Formula: see text], hence the taxis-driven Turing instability occurs. Furthermore, by ap
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44

DEVI, SAPNA. "NONCONSTANT PREY HARVESTING IN RATIO-DEPENDENT PREDATOR–PREY SYSTEM INCORPORATING A CONSTANT PREY REFUGE." International Journal of Biomathematics 05, no. 02 (2012): 1250021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524511001635.

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This paper deals with the problem of nonconstant harvesting of prey in a ratio-dependent predator–prey system incorporating a constant prey refuge. Here we use the reasonable catch-rate function instead of usual catch-per-unit-effort hypothesis. The existence, as well as the stability of possible equilibria, is carried out. Bionomic equilibrium of the system is determined and optimal harvest policy is studied with the help of Pontryagin's maximum principle. The key results developed in this paper are illustrated using numerical simulations. Our results indicate that dynamic behavior of the sys
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45

Buffoni, G., M. Groppi, and C. Soresina. "Effects of prey over–undercrowding in predator–prey systems with prey-dependent trophic functions." Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications 12, no. 5 (2011): 2871–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nonrwa.2011.04.013.

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46

Kooi, Bob W., and Ezio Venturino. "Ecoepidemic predator–prey model with feeding satiation, prey herd behavior and abandoned infected prey." Mathematical Biosciences 274 (April 2016): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2016.02.003.

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47

Křivan, Vlastimil, and Anupam Priyadarshi. "L-shaped prey isocline in the Gause predator–prey experiments with a prey refuge." Journal of Theoretical Biology 370 (April 2015): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.01.021.

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48

Sharma, Swarnali, and G. P. Samanta. "A Leslie–Gower predator–prey model with disease in prey incorporating a prey refuge." Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 70 (January 2015): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2014.11.010.

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49

Saha, Sangeeta, Alakes Maiti, and Guruprasad Samanta. "Analysis of a Prey-predator Model with Prey Refuge in Infected Prey and Strong Allee Effect in Susceptible Prey Population." Interdisciplinary journal of Discontinuity, Nonlinearity, and Complexity 11, no. 4 (2022): 671–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.5890/dnc.2022.12.008.

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50

Tomatsuri, Morihiko, and Koetsu Kon. "Comparison of Three Methods for Determining the Prey Preference of the Muricid SnailReishia clavigera." Journal of Marine Biology 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/484392.

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We propose an appropriate method for investigating the prey preferences of the muricid snailReishia clavigera(Küster, 1860) with limited collection of live prey. We compared 3 methods for examining the prey preference. The first was a predation experiment, conducted with dead prey instead of live prey. The second was a prey choice test using a few preys. In this experiment, both live and dead prey were used. The last method was a stable isotope analysis ofR. clavigeraand its putative prey items. Using live prey, bivalves were the most preferred prey, but goose barnacle was the most preferred p
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