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Academic literature on the topic 'Price determination'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Price determination"

Adams, Charles M., Fred J. Prochaska, and Thomas H. Spreen. "Price Determination in the U.S. Shrimp Market." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 19, no. 2 (December 1987): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200025371.

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AbstractThe monthly and quarterly price determination processes for 31–40 and 21–25 size classes of raw-headless shrimp were examined to determine price leadership between market levels. Causal relationships were assessed using Haugh-Pierce, Sims, and Granger methods. Price models at the retail, wholesale, and exvessel market levels were estimated. Economic factors analyzed were income, prices of competing products, landings and imports of raw headless shrimp, total retail supply, beginning stocks, and marketing costs.Monthly prices generally exhibited unidirectional causality from exvessel to retail price. Quarterly prices were determined interdependently among market levels. Price responses between market levels were found to be symmetric with beginning stocks, landings, and imports of own-size shrimp the most important determinants of price.

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Laung-Iem, Kornkamol, and Prapita Thanarak. "Determination of Biodiesel Prices in Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 839 (June 2016): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.839.81.

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Biodiesel is a diesel equivalent fuel produced from biological feed stocks, acting as a substitute for petroleum or fossil diesel. Biodiesel production in Thailand began in 2005, with prices stabilizing after 2008. Biodiesel, along with other biofuels, plays a role in Thailand’s Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP). The purpose of this study is to examine factors in the Thai biodiesel prices (2009-2014). The study assessed factors in downstream biodiesel prices at consumer locations like gas stations. The price factors assessed in the study included ex-refinery prices, excise taxes, municipal taxes, oil fund contributions, energy conservation fund conributions, marketing margin and exchange rate (USD). Regression results showed that all of these factors were significant (r2 = 0.867). The implication of the study is that while most of the retail price of biodiesel in Thailand is attributable to cost factors, there is some unexplained variance in price. This offers an opportunity for future research.

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Haq, Irfan Nurul. "Determination of Price and Customer Satisfaction." Journal of Economicate Studies 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.32506/joes.v1i2.179.

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Price policy or a value can affect the human mindset, considering its activities by using logic including in considering its needs as a customer of a product. a person or customer will choose which product performance is more effective, efficient and suitable to his needs and according to the value of a price or cost, if the performance is effective, efficient and match with expectations, means customers will feel satisfied and will make the calculation of expenditures for the procurement of products the. Price has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. The main considerations that affect customers are willing to use services include customer satisfaction, service quality, service orientation and pricing in determining the type of service used. The high price is a factor causing customer dissatisfaction so customers are reluctant to use the services provided by the company. The price of a good or service is very influential on customer satisfaction. Consumers use the price as a consideration in determining the purchase of a product, when should the purchase be made and how much the need for products purchased in accordance with the ability of consumer purchasing power. A product must be precise in the determination and determination of the selling price so that it can be accepted by consumers by not neglecting the quality of the product. Under normal circumstances, demand and prices have a negative or reversed relationship. That is, the higher the price is set the smaller the demand.

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Sambuo, Damian Boniface, Stephen Kirama, and Kitala Malamsha. "Fish Price Determination Around Lake Victoria, Tanzania: Analysis of Factors Affecting Fish Landing Price." Global Business Review 22, no. 2 (April 2021): 348–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150918811509.

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Determination of fish landing price is important, as the same contributes to the structure, conduct and performance of the fish market in Lake Victoria. Determination of relevant landing price is a gap to console between fishermen, agents (middlemen), processors and the government. The main objective of this study was therefore to examine fish price determination. Specifically, to examine the methods for fish price determination and analyse factors that affect fish landing price in Lake Victoria, a cross-sectional design was employed, and 300 respondents were randomly selected from two district councils, namely, Sengerema and Buchosa. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. Findings show that landing price is determined through formal negotiation with processors, consultation with other traders, informal negotiation with buyers and Beach Management Unit (BMU). The study concluded that these are the common methods used to determine landing prices. Also, distance from fishing to onshore landing centres, market information channels, age and experiences of the fishermen are the factors significantly found affecting landing price. It is recommended that the mechanism for setting up fishery price, fish market structure, fishery information and the formation of fishery regulatory body needs fishery policy and sector reforms that mark the determination of fish landing price.

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Reydon, Bastiaan Philip, Ludwig Einstein Agurto Plata, Gerd Sparovek, Rafael Guilherme Burstein Goldszmidt, and Tiago Santos Telles. "Determination and forecast of agricultural land prices." Nova Economia 24, no. 2 (August 2014): 389–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/1304.

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The aim of this study is to discuss and apply hedonic methodology for the determination and forecast of land prices in specific markets. This is important due to the fact that there is no official or reliable information in Brazil on current prices in land market transactions. This hedonic price methodology uses a multiple regression model which has, as an explanatory variable, the price per hectare and independent variables related to physical attributes (soil, climate and terrain), production (systems of production, location, access), infrastructure of the property and expectations (regional scenario, local investments). Application of the methodology to a Homogeneous Zone of the state of Maranhão, in Brazil, generated a parsimonious model, in which five independent variables were responsible for 70% of the variance in the price of agricultural land.

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Rachmi, Nur Habiba, and Tjiptohadi Sawarjuwono. "Malem Songolikur: Menyingkap Makna Harga Dibalik Tradisi Lelang Bandeng di Gresik." E-Jurnal Akuntansi 30, no. 5 (May 25, 2020): 1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/eja.2020.v30.i05.p18.

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The purpose of this study is to reveal the determination process and the meaning of prices implemented through the milkfish auction tradition in Gresik. This research is qualitative using an ethnographic approach, data collected through interviews and participant observation. The results showed that the price determination process used the Rohmatan Lil ‘Alamin principle. The researcher found three meanings of the first price, self-esteem; second, the form of reward; third, the form of obedience to the Creator. Prices are not always matched with material or nominal. Price has a different meaning through the perspective of the Gresik’s. Keywords: Milkfish Biding; Fix Cost Price; Etnography.

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XANTHOPOULOS, S. Z., and A. N. YANNACOPOULOS. "SCENARIOS FOR PRICE DETERMINATION IN INCOMPLETE MARKETS." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 11, no. 05 (August 2008): 415–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024908004877.

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We study the problem of determination of asset prices in an incomplete market proposing three different but related scenarios, based on utility pricing. One scenario uses a market game approach whereas the other two are based on risk sharing or regret minimizing considerations. Dynamical schemes modeling the convergence of the buyer and seller prices to a unique price are proposed. The case of exponential utilities is treated in detail, in the simplest possible example of an incomplete market, the trinomial model.

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Wyrwoll, Lothar, Moritz Nobis, Stephan Raths, and Albert Moser. "Evolution of Fundamental Price Determination within Electricity Market Simulations." Energies 14, no. 17 (September 1, 2021): 5454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175454.

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Electricity prices are the key instrument for coordinating electricity markets. For long-term market analyses, price determination based on fundamental unit commitment simulations is required. Within the European wholesale market, electricity prices result from a market clearing, which finds a welfare-optimal price–quantity tuple considering a coupling of multiple market areas with limited transmission capacity. With increasing exchange capacities in Europe, the precise modeling of the market coupling is required. Many market simulation models use multi-stage approaches with a separation of market coupling and price determination. In this paper, we analyze a new single-stage approach that combines both steps and theoretically and empirically demonstrate its precision by a backtest. For this purpose, we compare a simulated versus a historical electricity price distribution. Moreover, we explain the necessary adjustments for future regulatory developments of the European electricity market regarding flow-based market coupling and propose a concept for the application of future regulatory developments. We demonstrate further developments using a future scenario.

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Biswas, Tapan, and Jolian McHardy. "Asking Price and Price Discounts: the Strategy of Selling an Asset under Price Uncertainty." Review of Economic Analysis 4, no. 1 (May 22, 2012): 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/rea.v4i1.1532.

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We consider fixed and asking price strategies in the context of selling an asset with Bernoullian updating of the seller’s subjective probability of sale at a given price. The determination of optimal fixed, asking and endogenous reservation prices is discussed under risk-neutrality and expected utility maximisation. With risk-neutrality, the optimal asking price exceeds the optimal fixed price when the expected gain is a strictly concave function. The seller’s choice between the fixed and the asking price strategies depends on several factors: the expected cost of haggling, price competition and the seller’s attitude towards risk.

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Anggalia Wibasuri, Fitria, MS Hasibuan, and Suwandi. "IMPLEMENTASI DIGITAL MARKETING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN TRANSAKSI PENJUALAN PADA USAHA BERSAMA MUTIARA." J-ABDI: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 1, no. 8 (January 1, 2022): 1673–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.53625/jabdi.v1i8.982.

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The Joint Business Group (KUB) “Mutiara” has a business in processing filter material into several products such as caps, bags, clothes and slings. Determination of selling prices and marketing (marketing) is a problem faced by KUB Mutiara. The determination of the selling price only takes into account wages without reviewing the market price. The marketing model is done by entrusting the goods to the sales center. This community service aims to provide training for determining selling prices and digital marketing. The method used is counseling and training for KUB Mutiara employees. There are 10 craftsmen and 3 admins who are trained to improve product innovation, pricing and digital marketing training. The results achieved after dedication, product innovation grew by 85%, understanding of price determination from not understanding to understanding, increasing sales by 70%

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Price determination"

Gamba, Anthony <1993&gt. "Modelling electricity price and determination of the futures price." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16331.

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We discuss the characteristics of the electricity and its price in order to find suitable models for the specification of the fair futures price. The non-storability feature makes this commodity different from the others bringing several consequences in the determination of its price. Another difference with other commodities is that electricity has regional markets instead of global markets due to the fact that it is not simple to transport energy. It is also linked to other commodities such as natural gas because electricity can be produced from other sources of energy, and of course, this contributes to the formation of power prices. The consumption of electricity is also linked to the weather, so its usage is conditional to the seasons, implying evidence of seasonality in its time series. All these interesting features forced the researchers to find appropriate models to explain the behaviour of electricity spot prices because these models can be used for the determination of the forward prices. In this thesis we analyse the characteristics of electricity and its price, we discuss some of the models used in literature for the power price and the models to determine a fair futures price. The final part of the thesis is dedicated to the application of a model for the electricity spot price using real market data. Then, we want to determine if this model is a good choice for the determination of futures prices using futures contracts traded in the market.

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Ho, Kin-wai Patrick, and 何健偉. "Determination of issue price for share flotation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31265327.

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Bryan, Jane Ann. "Price determination in the UK cereals market." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488068.

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Up until the mid 1980s it was consistently assumed that an increase in a policy price would lead to an equivalent and sustained increase in the corresponding market price. This has clearly not been the case for the UK cereals market. The principal concern of this research is therefore to identify the exact forces that determine market prices given imperfect policy price transmission. The UK cereals market exhibits unique characteristics which suggests particular directions for the analysis. The discontinuity of cereal production in combination with their non perishable nature implies that the supply of storage theory along with its intertemporal allocation aspects are of considerable importance in determining market prices. As a direct consequence of the supply of storage theory, one is compelled to consider the role that price expectations play in the decision of farmers to supply cereals onto the market. To fully incorporate these factors a structural model of monthly periodicity has been developed. A further advantage of this approach is that the impact of the Common Agricultural Policy's intervention system may be explicitly modelled. The marketing year is treated as finite implying that supply is given, initially by production and subsequently by carry in stocks. Farmers, food processors, international traders and the intervention agencies all have a demand for current consumption. Intervention demand is included in the modelling work as a function of the relationship between the spot price and the intervention price. Intervention demand is also subject to two conditions; firstly intervention must be active and secondly the market price must be below the intervention price. For the feed wheat and feed barley markets a separate set of ninety six simultaneous equations have been established to explain the seasonal interaction of prices and quantities within these dynamic markets. Since farmers are assumed to act rationally, price expectations are solved within a rational expectations hypothesis.

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Kitchenko, O. N. "Choice of marketing strategy of price determination." Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/47019.

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Ho, Kin-wai Patrick. "Determination of issue price for share flotation /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13302231.

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Runeson, Goran. "Models of construction price determination: A comparative appraisal." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/107077/1/T%28BE%26E%29%201030%20Models%20of%20construction%20price%20determination%20a%20comparative%20appraisal.pdf.

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This study compares the neo-classical micro-economic theory with tendering theory in the context of price formation in the building industry. It examines the two theories and determins that while there are problems with the application of both theories, there are no a priori reasons why either theory should be inapplicable. After discussing the appropriate criteria for selecting between competing theories, the theories were compared on how well they explain and predict the impacts of changes in the level of activity in the market/industry, the distribution of tenders, the strategy for maximising profit, the winner's curse, the accuracy of estimates, the socially accepted price and adjustments to productive capacity. On all criteria the neo-classical model performed better than did the tendering theory. However, both theories have a non-falsifiable motivational core assumption. In addition, neo-classical micro-economics has a set of ceteris paribus conditions and tendering theory has a probabilistic outcome which in practice means that neither theory is falsifiable. Although it is therefore not possible to verify or falsify either theory, the assumptions used in the neo-classical theory are more realistic and clearly identify the domain of the theory, while the assumptions of tendering theory are such that the building industry is not likely to be part of its domain, and it is therefore not applicable to the industry. It is, however, possible to synthesise neo-classical micro-economics with elements of tendering theory into a neo-classical tendering theory that predicts the winning price, the probability of success with a given bid and the potential profit probability density function. This theory has distinctly neo-classical characteristics. The units of analysis are the firm and the market, not the individual tender or the industry. The profit maximising price is determined by market conditions. Tendering decisions are made in two stages. The objective in stage 1 is to assess if the winning tender will be sufficiently high to satisfy the aims of the tenderer. In stage 2 the objective is to establish a bid with a desired probability of being successful or the desired risk/reward ratio.

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Jing, Yan. "Essays in competition and price determination in diverse markets." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45535.

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This thesis studies competition and price determination in three distinctly different markets. Chapter 2 carries out an empirical analysis of the effect of a non-uniform pricing strategy on box office revenues in the theatrical movie market. Using a rich and unique dataset of the Hong Kong market, a nested Principles of Differentiation (nested PD) demand model is estimated and the estimation results are used to simulate theaters' profits under the differential and uniform pricing strategies. The main finding is that differential pricing dominates the uniform pricing (demand effect) but gains from the differential pricing policy are limited due to intensified competition (competition effect). Chapter 3 examines the relationship between prices and market structure in geographically isolated gasoline markets that are exposed to large demand shocks. The temporal variation in market size provides instrumental variables to overcome the classical endogeneity bias in the standard price-concentration regression. There is evidence of local market power in the studied markets. Additionally, the high margins that characterize concentrated markets dissipate quickly with the increase of the number of gas stations. The results also suggest that the regression analysis that does not account for the endogeneity between entry and prices will significantly underestimate the effect of market concentration on prices. Chapter 4 studies a public sector problem in which a government faces the choice of using public-private partnerships (PPP) or more traditional public procurement approaches to procure public services. Specifically, a basic trade-off associated with PPPs is modeled: while PPPs marshal the power of competitive markets, they involve long-term contracts that may prove relatively inflexible. It is shown that the optimal choice between PPPs and public procurement depends on factors including the likelihood that changes will be necessary, the productivity of non-contractible effort exerted by private sector partners, the costs of switching, the difference between first-best and second-best projects, and the bargaining power of governments vis-à-vis private parties. It also shows that the optimal choice may depend on whether the government’s objective is to maximize “value for money” (i.e., deliver the right project at the lowest cost to taxpayers) or to maximize total social surplus.

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Fraser, W. D. "The price determination of property investments : Theory and evidence." Thesis, City University London, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370931.

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Gehrig, Thomas. "Game theoretic models of price determination and financial intermediation." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1990. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1209/.

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The thesis is concerned with the evolution of prices in market economies. In the first chapter we analyze price competition among firms with limited capacities in the framework of the classical Bertrand Edgeworth model. For this model it is well known that a Nash equilibrium in pure strategies may not exist. We discuss the nature of this non-existence result. While enlarging the strategy space to include non-linear strategies in general does not suffice for existence in the simultaneous move game, the possibility of reactions to competitors' actions in a dynamic context may restore equilibrium. In the remaining part of the thesis we analyze intermediation in frictional markets. When market participants are informed only imperfectly about potential trading opportunities, search and negotiations may prove costly. In such markets intermediaries by publicly quoting prices can help to reduce the transactional costs of exchange. In chapter two we analyze the case, in which intermediaries have access to an information technology which informs the full market. We characterize equilibrium. The inability of market participants to coordinate market participation is reflected in a large variety of subgame perfect Nash equilibria. Using a refinement criterion we find that high valuation traders typically trade with intermediaries, while low valuation traders engage in search. Moreover, price competition among several intermediaries yields Walrasian outcomes. Nevertheless, the market exhibits the features of a natural monopoly. In chapter three we relax the assumption concerning the information technology. An intermediary's choice of an information network determines the size of his clientele and hence the probability of trading. In this case the size of the information network is viewed as a quality attribute by market participants and imperfect price competition among intermediaries obtains. We characterize the industrial structure of those markets as natural oligopolies. Consequently, there is no convergence to a fragmented industrial structure as the economy grows large. Still, as the largest competitors are of roughly equal size equilibrium allocations tend to be fairly competitive.

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Borggren, Lisa, Rebecca Grill, Susanna Lykken, and Maria Nilsson. "Demand based price determination for electricity consumers in private households." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295186.

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This report investigates the effects a demand based tariff would have on private electricity consumers and how it could contribute to a sustainable electrical grid. The fuse tariff that is currently used charges customers for their electricity usage and does not fully reflect the electrical grid load and thereby not the cost for the distribution system operators. A demand based tariff, that charges customers for their power peaks and promotes a change of behaviour better reflects the grid load and could lead to a more even grid distribution and a sustainable development. In light of this issue, two demand based tariffs have been constructed for the energy company Upplands Energi’s private customers’ current electricity consumption. One of the tariffs consists of a higher fixed cost and a lower variable cost and the other consists of a lower fixed cost and a higher variable cost, both leading to the same revenue för Upplands Energi. The two different demand based tariffs have been simulated and analysed, where the one with the lowest fixed cost is recommended since it gives customers higher economic incentives to change their electricity usage behaviour. It is essential that electricity retailers communicate the information of how the demand based tariff works to the customers in order to make them change their electricity behaviour to attain a sustainable grid.

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Books on the topic "Price determination"

Ontario. Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Price Determination. S.l: s.n, 1986.

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L, Stein Jerome, Goss B. A. 1939-, and International Conference on Futures Markets (1990 : Melbourne), eds. Futures markets: Price discovery and price determination. [Melbourne, Vic.]: [The Economic Society of Australia], 1992.

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Wessells, Cathy R. Exvessel price determination in seasonal fisheries. Kingston, R.I: University of Rhode Island, 1990.

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Texas Agricultural Market Research Center. Slaughter Cattle Procurement and Pricing Study Team., United States. Packers and Stockyards Programs., and United States. Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration., eds. Price determination in slaughter cattle procurement. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Packers and Stockyards Programs, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, 1996.

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Caporale, Guglielmo Maria. The EMS and price determination in europe. London: National Institute of Economic and Social Research, 1993.

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Tricarico, Julia. Market supply, demand and price determination (general). Kingston, ON: History Teachers' Counselling Service, 1989.

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Shafik, Nemat. Information and price determination under mass privatization. Washington, D.C: World Bank, Europe and Central Asia, Country Department II, Country Operations Division, 1994.

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Stanislaw, Joseph. Setting the trend: The new triangle of price determination. Cambridge, Mass: Cambridge Energy Research Associates, 1994.

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K, Atta Jacob, and African Economic Research Consortium, eds. Exchange rate policy and price determination in Botswana. Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium, 1999.

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Psaradakis, Zacharias G. Modelling the structure of wage and price determination in Greece. Southampton: University of Southampton, Dept. of Economics, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Price determination"

Grant, Sue, and Richard Young. "Price Determination." In Economics a Level, 29–38. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13606-3_4.

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Block, Walter E., and Ivan Jankovic. "Price Determination." In Springer Texts in Business and Economics, 35–54. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3751-4_3.

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Crowson, Phillip. "Price Determination." In Economics for Managers, 84–107. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17812-4_5.

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Lallier, Adalbert G. "Marx on Prices and Price Determination: Conclusion." In The Economics of Marx’s Grundrisse, 223–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20171-6_12.

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Sheng, Yuming. "The Approach to Price Determination." In Intersectoral Resource Flows and China’s Economic Development, 43–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12111-3_4.

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Heutger, Viola. "Art. 73–75: Price Determination." In Contents and Effects of Contracts-Lessons to Learn From The Common European Sales Law, 227–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28074-5_13.

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Hillebrandt, Patricia M. "Price Determination for a Single Project." In Economic Theory and the Construction Industry, 153–75. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17934-3_13.

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Mátyás, Antal. "Price Determination in a Monopoly Situation." In History of Modern Non-Marxian Economics, 222–27. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18005-9_17.

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Bao, Helen. "Endowment effect and house price determination." In Behavioural Science and Housing Decision Making, 78–94. Abingon, Oxon : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429027253-6.

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Hillebrandt, Patricia M. "Price Determination for a Single Project." In Economic Theory and the Construction Industry, 161–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372481_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Price determination"

Li, Xiarong, Daniel Zeng, and Lei Wang. "Click frauds and price determination models." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isi.2012.6284104.

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Wu, Tong, Gengfeng Li, and Zhaohong Bie. "Charging Price Determination and Energy Management of EV Parking Lot Considering Price Elasticity." In 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection (APAP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apap47170.2019.9224866.

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"DETERMINATION OF PRICE AND RENTAL IN CITY OFFICE." In 15th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2008. ERES, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2008_134.

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Peng, Yang, and Junqing Sun. "Determination of Price and Warranty Length in Supply Chain." In 2009 3rd International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application Workshops (IITAW). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iitaw.2009.82.

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S, Yazhini, Sridharan Priyadharsen, Ajitha S, Narayanan K, Anurag Sharma, and Tomonobu Senjyu. "A Framework For Price Determination For P2P Energy Trading." In 2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgtasia54193.2022.10003579.

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Salloum, Ahmed, Yousef M. Al-Abdullah, Kory W. Hedman, and Vijay Vittal. "Risk-based penalty price determination procedure for transmission constraint relaxations." In 2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pmaps.2016.7764204.

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Akinpelu, L. O., and A. P. Iwayemi. "Appropriate Gas Price Determination in the Emerging Nigerian Gas Market." In Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/136959-ms.

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Mikavica, Branka D., Aleksandra M. Kostic-Ljubisavljevic, Mirjana D. Stojanovic, and M. Radonjic-Djogatovic. "Benefits of retail-minus concept for access service price determination." In TELSIKS 2013 - 2013 11th International Conference on Telecommunication in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/telsks.2013.6704908.

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Lalitha, S. V. N. L., and Maheswarapu Sydulu. "Hybrid Neural Network models for determination of Locational Marginal Price." In 2011 11th International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (HIS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/his.2011.6122143.

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Ugnenko, Yevgeniia, Elena Uzhvieva, Radu Makovyey, and Virgaudas Puodžiukas. "Study of Construction of Bypass Roads with Consideration of Environmental and Energy Indicators." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.151.

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Determination of the radii of circular round-about highways and the corner of their unlocking is considered in the given article. To determine the radius of circular round about highways it is recommended to use the prime price of motor-car cargo transportations, taking into account the factor of their delivery acceleration for roads which provide different speed modes.

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Reports on the topic "Price determination"

McCallum, Bennett. Indeterminacy, Bubbles, and the Fiscal Theory of Price Level Determination. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6456.

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Cochrane, John. Money as Stock: Price Level Determination with no Money Demand. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7498.

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Dale, Larry, Dev Millstein, Katie Coughlin, Robert Van Buskirk, Gregory Rosenquist, Alex Lekov, and Sanjib Bhuyan. An Analysis of Price Determination and Markups in the Air-Conditioning and Heating Equipment Industry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/821759.

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Juárez, Leticia. Buyer Market Power and Exchange Rate Pass-through. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005083.

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This paper studies the role of buyer market power in determining the response of international prices to exchange rate changes (i.e., exchange rate pass-through). Using a novel dataset of the universe of Colombian export transactions that links Colombian exporters (sellers) to their foreign importers (buyers), I document three facts: i) most Colombian exports are concentrated in a few foreign buyers in each market, ii) the same seller charges different prices to different buyers in the same product and destination, and iii) markets with a higher concentration of sales among buyers display lower exchange rate pass-through. Motivated by these stylized facts, I propose an open economy model of oligopsony, a market with large number of sellers and a few buyers, that accounts for buyer market power in international markets and its consequences for price determination in international transactions. The model shows that larger foreign buyers pay a marked-down price, i.e., a price below the marginal product value for the buyer. Most importantly, these markdowns are flexible and play a role when adjusting prices to exchange rate shocks. I derive a model-based equation relating pass-through to buyer size and estimate it on the micro transaction level data for Colombia. I find that after an exchange rate shock, sellers connected to larger buyers face more moderate changes in their prices in the seller currency (i.e., lower exchange rate pass-through) than those connected to small buyers. Pass-through ranges from 1% for firms connected with the largest buyers to 17% for firms connected with the smallest buyers. I use the estimates from the empirical analysis to calibrate the model and propose a counterfactual where buyer market power is eliminated. Under this scenario, sellers' revenues increase; however, the price in seller currency is more responsive to exchange rate shocks.

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Wolak, Frank, and Robert Patrick. The Impact of Market Rules and Market Structure on the Price Determination Process in the England and Wales Electricity Market. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8248.

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MELNIKOV, A. R., I. P. MELNIKOVA, and M. A. MELNIKOVA. ABOUT THE REQUIREMENTS FOR FREIGHT FORWARDERS IN THE LOGISTICS SERVICES MARKET. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2227-930x-2022-12-1-2-15-23.

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The characteristic of the forwarding company is given, which is able to provide the client-cargo owner with a reduction in costs in the transport component of the price of goods. The object of the study is: the market of freight forwarding services. The objectives of the research, based on the methods of analysis and synthesis are research and analysis of the current state of the issue of interaction between the customer and the forwarder in the logistics market; determination of requirements for the forwarding company and determination of approaches to solving the problem of reducing the transport costs of the customer-cargo owner.

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Pérez Urdiales, María, Analía Gómez Vidal, and Jesse Madden Libra. Pricing Determinants in the Water and Sanitation Sector: A Quick View of Heterogeneity in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004796.

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The dual nature of water as a finite resource and as a basic human right creates a tension that presents important implications for water pricing. Water tariffs are a key tool used by policymakers to create incentive structures that promote efficient use; at the same time, they can create barriers to access and ignore waters socio-cultural value if not calibrated properly. This conflict between pricing as to reduce over-consumption and to guarantee accessibility exposes the difficulty of optimizing residential water pricing, and the importance of progressive tariff structures in building more resilient communities.Water policymakers view tariffs as an instrument to balance various objectives, such as efficiency, equity, cost recovery, and environmental preservation. However, these competing objectives mean that effective water tariff structures must be acutely customized to local contexts, a reality that is especially pertinent to Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) due to its geographic and temporal heterogeneity in terms of water availability and demand. Prices can also be influenced by other factors. Four primary factor categories were identified as influential to water prices based on a comprehensive review of the price determination literature: (1) environmental factors, (2) urban factors, (3) political and ideological factors, and (4) management and institutional factors. The present brief examines how these factors theoretically impact pricing and what their status is throughout LAC, with the ultimate goal of providing a framework for future research.

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Collington, Rosie, and William Lazonick. Pricing for Medicine Innovation: A Regulatory Approach to Support Drug Development and Patient Access. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp176.

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The United States represents the world’s largest market for pharmaceutical drugs. It is also the only advanced economy in the world that does not regulate drug prices. There is no upper threshold for the prices of medicines in the United States. List prices are instead set by manufacturers in negotiation with supply-chain intermediaries, though some federal programs have degrees of discretion in price determinations. In practice, this deregulated system means that drug prices in the United States are generally far higher than in other advanced economies, adversely affecting patient accessibility and system affordability. In this paper, we draw on the “theory of innovative enterprise” to develop a framework that provides both a critique of the existing pricing system in the United States and a foundation for developing a new model of pricing regulation to support safety and effectiveness through drug development as well as accessibility and affordability in the distribution of approved medicines to patients. We introduce a regulatory approach we term “Pricing for Medicine Innovation” (PMI), which departs dramatically from the market-equilibrium assumptions of conventional (neoclassical) economics. The PMI approach recognizes the centrality of collective investments by government agencies and business firms in the productive capabilities that underpin the drug development process. PMI specifies the conditions under which, at the firm level, drug pricing can support both sustained investment in these capabilities and improved patient access. PMI can advance both of these objectives simultaneously by regulating not just the level of corporate profit but also its allocation to reinvestment in the drug development process. PMI suggests that although price caps are likely to improve drug affordability, there remain two potential issues with this pricing approach. Firstly, in an innovation system where a company’s sales revenue is the source of its finance for further drug development, price caps may deprive a firm of the means to invest in innovation. Secondly, even with adequate profits available for investment in innovation, a firm that is run to maximize shareholder value will tend to use those profits to fund distributions to shareholders rather than for investment in drug innovation. We argue that, if implemented properly, PMI could both improve the affordability of medicines and enhance the innovative performance of pharmaceutical companies.

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Soloviev, V., and V. Solovieva. Quantum econophysics of cryptocurrencies crises. [б. в.], 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/2464.

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From positions, attained by modern theoretical physics in understanding of the universe bases, the methodological and philosophical analysis of fundamental physical concepts and their formal and informal connections with the real economic measuring is carried out. Procedures for heterogeneous economic time determination, normalized economic coordinates and economic mass are offered, based on the analysis of time series, the concept of economic Plank's constant has been proposed. The theory has been approved on the real economic dynamic's time series, related to the cryptocurrencies market, the achieved results are open for discussion. Then, combined the empirical cross-correlation matrix with the random matrix theory, we mainly examine the statistical properties of cross-correlation coefficient, the evolution of average correlation coefficient, the distribution of eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of the global cryptocurrency market using the daily returns of 15 cryptocurrencies price time series across the world from 2016 to 2018. The result indicated that the largest eigenvalue reflects a collective effect of the whole market, practically coincides with the dynamics of the mean value of the correlation coefficient and very sensitive to the crisis phenomena. It is shown that both the introduced economic mass and the largest eigenvalue of the matrix of correlations can serve as quantum indicator-predictors of crises in the market of cryptocurrencies.

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Соловйов, Володимир Миколайович, and V. Saptsin. Heisenberg uncertainty principle and economic analogues of basic physical quantities. Transport and Telecommunication Institute, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1188.

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