Academic literature on the topic 'Pricing of medicines'

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Journal articles on the topic "Pricing of medicines"

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Ніженковська, І. В., М. М. Бабенко, Л. О. Гала, Н. В. Шолойко, and Н. О. Дацюк. "Analysis of access to medicines for the population by the state budget in Ukraine." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 5 (October 27, 2023): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.5.23.01.

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The price of medicines is an important factor in ensuring accessibility for the population in the healthcare. Ukraine actively implements pricing policies in the healthcare in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO recommendations aim to achieve two important objectives. First, they seek to ensure the availability of effective medicines for the population so that every patient has the opportunity to receive necessary treatment. Second, it is to create conditions for pharmaceutical companies to have incentives to continue their innovative activities in t
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Alrasheedy, Alian A. "Pharmaceutical pricing policy in Saudi Arabia: findings and implications." Generics and Biosimilars Initiative Journal 9, no. 1 (2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5639/gabij.2020.0901.003.

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Introduction: Many countries have introduced policies and strategies to limit pharmaceutical expenditures. These include pharmaceutical pricing policies and related strategies to control medicine prices and to ensure appropriate and stable prices. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the current pharmaceutical pricing policy for medicines in Saudi Arabia and to provide an evaluation of the impact of this policy on medicine prices. Methods: A description of the current pharmaceutical policy is presented by reviewing the current official documents and regulations related to pharma
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Van Den Berg, Sibren, Marcel Canoy, Lonneke Timmers, and Carla Hollak. "PP152 The Assessment Of The Price Of A Medicine: The Possible Application Of Cost-Based Pricing Methods." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 38, S1 (2022): S89—S90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462322002641.

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IntroductionBefore admission to the insured package, the price of a medicine is usually assessed on the basis of the value of the medicine for the patient: the effect size on health and survival must be in line with the costs. That seems like a fair starting point, but the use of such ‘value-driven’ models sometimes results in unrealistic prices. These prices in turn lead to discussions about limitations within the healthcare budget and may result in delays in the accessibility of medicines. The aim of this study was to review several alternative pricing models and propose possible application
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Tiriveedhi, Venkataswarup. "Impact of Precision Medicine on Drug Repositioning and Pricing: A Too Small to Thrive Crisis." Journal of Personalized Medicine 8, no. 4 (2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm8040036.

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The pricing of targeted medicines continues to be a major area of contention in healthcare economics. This issue is further complicated by redefining the role of molecular testing in precision medicine. Currently, whilst pricing of clinical laboratory diagnostics is cost-based, drug pricing is value-based. The pricing for molecular testing is under pressure to change the traditional business model, for it has a critical subsidiary role in determining the final value of targeted medicines. The market size for drugs is reduced by molecular testing when patients with the same disease are stratifi
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Bangalee, Varsha, and Fatima Suleman. "A Comparative Study on Medicine Pricing in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS)." Global Journal of Health Science 10, no. 10 (2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v10n10p152.

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BACKGROUND: It is well documented that high prices hinder access to medicines to a large percentage of the population in low- and middle-income countries. It is with this in mind that governments have made attempts to control medicine pricing with the intent to protect and promote a country’s overall health. BRICS as Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa have collectively become to be known, represent five newly emerging global economies, each one attempting to control medicine pricing and improve accessibility. 
 
 OBJECTIVE: To compare the medicine pricing regulat
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Kucherenko, L. I., I. V. Nizhenkovska, N. V. Sholoiko, L. O. Hala, and N. O. Datsiuk. "External reference pricing for medicines in Ukraine: latest trends." Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice 16, no. 3 (2023): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.3.287758.

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Compared to the previous year, the share of healthcare expenditure in the state budget of Ukraine has decreased, which is associated with increased funding for the security and defense sector. In terms of gross domestic product, healthcare spending has reduced to 2.8 %, which corresponds to the figures for 2019. These circumstances indicate the importance of proper budget utilization, including effectively regulating medicine prices. One of the key elements of rational healthcare budget usage is the development and implementation of external reference pricing (ERP). A well-formulated and imple
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Gandjour, Afschin. "Value-based pricing of add-on life-extending medicines based on economic evaluation." British Journal of Healthcare Management 29, no. 8 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2022.0031.

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Value-based pricing of new medicines, when defined as pricing or reimbursement based on economic evaluation, requires the use of a threshold incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Value-based pricing can leave little room for setting a price above zero for manufacturers of new life-extending add-on medicines that are used in combination regimens. This study aimed to present and explore different methodological approaches for pricing life-extending add-on medicines in this value-based pricing framework. The analysis demonstrated that excluding the costs of background therapy will create opportun
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Dylst, Pieter, Arnold Vulto, and Steven Simoens. "Overcoming challenges in market access of generic medicines in the European Union." Journal of Generic Medicines: The Business Journal for the Generic Medicines Sector 9, no. 1 (2012): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741134312441107.

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Generic medicines have become essential contributors for governments in their effort to contain public health care budgets. Therefore, market access of generic medicines should be made possible immediately after expiry of the patent protecting the originator medicine. Generic medicines can only enter the market when the patent on the originator medicine is expired and when a marketing authorisation and pricing and reimbursement approval have been obtained from the national competent authorities. Arguments on patent validity or patent infringement which result in litigation before national cour
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Koduah, Augustina, Leonard Baatiema, Irene A. Kretchy, et al. "Powers, engagements and resultant influences over the design and implementation of medicine pricing policies in Ghana." BMJ Global Health 7, no. 5 (2022): e008225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008225.

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IntroductionUniversal availability and affordability of essential medicines are determined by effective design and implementation of relevant policies, typically involving multiple stakeholders. This paper examined stakeholder engagements, powers and resultant influences over design and implementation of four medicines pricing policies in Ghana: Health Commodity Supply Chain Master Plan, framework contracting for high demand medicines, Value Added Tax (VAT) exemptions for selected essential medicines, and ring-fencing medicines for local manufacturing.MethodsData were collected using reviews o
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Shankar, P. R., P. Subish, P. Mishra, and M. Lalit. "Ambiguous pricing of Nepalese medicines." Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal 28, no. 3 (2006): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.262.

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Background: The National Drug Policy of Nepal aims to make the country self-reliant in drug production. Nepal follows a competitive market system where both domestic and foreign manufacturers compete. Previous studies had shown ambiguities in drug pricing. Recent studies are lacking. Hence the present study was carried out to obtain information on the price variation between Nepalese brands for different drugs. Methods:The prices of drugs listed in the December 2005 issue of Nepal Drug Review were analysed. The following formula was used for calculation. Percentage price variation = Price of m
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pricing of medicines"

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Villa, Federico. "The determinants of market access for medicines: theoretical issues and empirical evidence." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/11579/148544.

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To frame the determinants of drug prices within a complex regulatory system and how these determinants influence the P&R decisions of medicine, an analysis of the Italian reference context as a whole was done, starting from the trends in the use and consumption of drugs, to the analysis of the regulatory process and market access for specific categories of drugs, orphan drugs for rare diseases. Some of the system's shortcomings are the result of limited quality control as a whole over the years, which has led to the adoption of compartmentalized pharmaceutical policies without a medium-long t
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Villers, Trevor. "A thematic analysis of recent PHARMAC new medicines' subsidy decisions." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/386.

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PHARMAC, the Pharmaceutical Management Agency, manages the Pharmaceutical Schedule on behalf of the Government. The Agency is tasked with securing the best health outcomes that are reasonably achievable from pharmaceutical treatment and from within the amount of funding provided (§ 47 NZPHD Act, 2000). The Agency reports that it continues to improve New Zealanders’ access to funded medicines. In determining which pharmaceuticals to fund, PHARMAC’s Operating Policies and Procedures (OPPs) state that nine criteria guide its decision- making. The OPPs further state that PHARMAC can apply whatever
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Colak, Berna. "Generic Competition and Price Regulation in the European Union Pharmaceutical Market: The Case of Cardiovascular Medicines." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5000.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the extent of competition between generic products and therapeutic substitutes under different regulatory regimes in the European Union (EU) pharmaceutical industry. In particular, this study investigates generic competition among the five largest European pharmaceutical markets; the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy and Spain, with comprehensive IMS data for 10 years (1994-2003), in order to estimate the effect of generic entry on drug prices at the product level. This analysis finds that generic entry has a negative effect on prices in coun
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Пашков, В. М. "Господарсько-правове забезпечення ціноутворення лікарських засобів в період пандемії COVID-19". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/79014.

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Для висвітлення цього питання нам необхідно проаналізувати постанови КМУ від 03.04.2019 р. № 426 "Про референтне ціноутворення надеякі лікарські засоби, що закуповуються за бюджетні кошти", від 25.03.2009 р. № 333 "Деякі питання державного регулювання цін на лікарські засоби і вироби медичного призначення", від 27.09.2017 р. № 718 "Деякі питання закупівлі лікарських засобів", від 20.03.2020 р. № 224 "Про затвердження переліку лікарських засобів, медичних виробів та/або медичного обладнання, необхідних для здійснення заходів, спрямованих на запобігання виникненню і поширенню, локалізацію та лік
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Sugimoto, A. "Facing the challenges of high-cost medicines : multinational comparison of the pricing and reimbursement decision-making processes for the new Hepatitis C treatments." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2018. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4649770/.

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The therapeutic landscape of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has changed dramatically since 2013 when “life-saving” direct-acting antivirals (HCV-DAAs) entered the global market. Although behind such a huge biomedical stride, their high prices have been criticised globally as a barrier to patient access and a threat to health care financing. In order to understand the emerging challenges of high-cost medicines, this study conducted a comparative multinational analysis of pricing and reimbursement decision-making processes for HCV-DAAs in Japan, the U.S. and England. Overall, the list prices
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Sweeny, Kim. "Accounting for growth in the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme." Thesis, full-text, 2008. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/1960/.

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This thesis investigates the contribution to the growth in expenditure on medicines listed on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) from three inter-related sources: (i) the addition of new medicines offering an expanding range of treatments for disease, (ii) PBS processes for determining the prices of medicines and their conditions of listing and (iii) the demand by patients for PBS medicines. In doing so it uses trend analysis presented in both tabular and graphic form, expenditure decomposition techniques based on index and indicator numbers, and econometric analysis. Using novel techniq
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Sun, He, and 孙赫. "Differential pricing strategy in improving access to medicine in developing countries." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48425412.

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Background Inadequate access to medicine is a key public health issue. It violates the basic human right, and impedes economics development and social progress. Differential pricing means to charge according to variant ability to pay for the same products. Since differential pricing has been successfully used into many business sectors, its adoption in pharmaceutical industry seems to be necessary and feasible to help improve access to medicine for developing countries. Objective This project is to review the effect of “differential pricing “in pharmaceutical industry and to discuss its c
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Horníková, Ivana. "Determinants of the prescription medicine prices in the Czech Republic." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264235.

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This master thesis analyses factors that determine the prices of prescription medicine. The theoretical part is outlining the fundamentals of pharmaceutical market, identifying the main price components and determinants with main focus on pricing and reimbursement policies in the world. The empirical part is dedicated to the pharmaceutical market in the Czech Republic. It explores the impact of state regulatory measures such as internal and external reference pricing on the prescription medicine prices. A regression analysis was conducted to determine what factors have significant impact on th
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Bredenkamp, Jhandre. "The effect of generic medicine competition on the market share growth and pricing of originator brand medicine in the South African private pharmaceutical market." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21380.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>This study analyses the effects of generic medicine competition on the market share growth and pricing of originator brand medicine in the South African private pharmaceutical market. The study is based on five years (2005 to 2011) of IMS Health market share data for 39 originator brand drugs that have been exposed to competition from generic substitutes from 2001. The results show that, for all the drug molecules included in the study pooled together, the price of an originator brand medicine relative to the weighted average price of its generic
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Mutsago, Alither R. "Pharmaceutical pricing : assessing the impact of factors influencing HIV/AIDS and AIDS related medicine prices in Zimbabwe." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5728.

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Bibliography: leaves 106-114.<br>HIV IAIDS death and mortality rates have proven to be one of the largest threats to the economies of many developing countries, in particular Zimbabwe. Twenty five percent of the adult population in Zimbabwe is HIV positive and it is estimated that at least 2000 people die every week of the disease. Consequently, there is an urgent need to find means and ways of reducing the number of premature deaths due to AIDS. Access to affordable drugs will have great impact on reducing these premature deaths in the country. However high AIDS and opportunistic infections d
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Books on the topic "Pricing of medicines"

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Martina, Garau, Mestre-Ferrandiz Jorge, and Office of Health Economics (London, England), eds. European medicines pricing and reimbursement: Now and the future. Radcliffe, 2006.

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Lalitha, N. Government intervention and prices of medicines: Lessons from Tamil Nadu. Gujarat Institute of Development Research, 2007.

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Malanyaon, Olympia P. Q. The pricing of medicines and its impact on the urban poor. Center for Social Policy and Public Affairs, Ateneo de Manila University, 1988.

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National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment (U.S.), ed. Prescribed medicines: A summary of use and expenditures by Medicare beneficiaries. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment, 1989.

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Patented Medicine Prices Review Board Canada. The impact of federal regulation of patented drug prices. The Board, 1997.

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Avorn, Jerry. Powerful medicines: The benefits, risks, and costs of prescription drugs. Knopf, 2004.

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Babar, Zaheer-ud-din. The reality of medicine prices in Malaysia. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2010.

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Babar, Zaheer-ud-din. The reality of medicine prices in Malaysia. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2010.

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Marian, Uhlman, ed. Making medicine, making money. Andrews and McMeel, 1993.

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Office, General Accounting. Prescription drugs: Companies typically charge more in the United States than in Canada : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Health and the Environment, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives. The Office, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pricing of medicines"

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Dowden, Nathan J. "Pricing and reimbursement of regenerative medicines." In Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118846193.ch29.

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Gamharter, Katharina. "Developing Responses: Compulsory Licensing and Differential Pricing." In Access to Affordable Medicines. Springer Vienna, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0545-0_4.

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Vogler, Sabine. "Medicines Pricing: Limitations of Existing Policies and New Models." In Global Pharmaceutical Policy. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2724-1_5.

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Srinivasan, S., and Malini Aisola. "Availability and Access to Medicines: Some Issues in Pricing." In Universalising Healthcare in India. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5872-3_14.

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Bakhoum, Mor. "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs), Competition Law and Excessive Pricing of Medicines." In Access to Medicines and Vaccines. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83114-1_10.

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AbstractThis chapter wrestles with the interface between Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs), competition law and access to medicines. It emphasizes the important role that competition law may play, in addition to the internal IP flexibilities, in order to foster access and dissemination of medical products. Of course, competition law could also be considered as a flexibility within the TRIPS agreement. In our analysis, we consider competition law separately given its role in creating competitive markets within which IP products are commercialized. Relying on the recent case law in the EU, in
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Lanting, Lü. "Research on drug-pricing mechanisms in other countries." In Medicines in China's National Health Insurance System. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003325345-6.

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Calboli, Irene. "Intellectual Property Exhaustion and Parallel Imports of Pharmaceuticals: A Comparative and Critical Review." In Access to Medicines and Vaccines. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83114-1_2.

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AbstractThis Chapter addresses the topic of intellectual property (IP) exhaustion in the context of the parallel trade of pharmaceuticals. These imports, which are controversial in general, are more complex with respect to pharmaceuticals, which require additional marketing and import authorizations. Nevertheless, individual countries remain free to accept these imports under the flexibility of Article 6 of the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects to Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement). This Chapter reviews several national approaches—in developed, developing, and least developed coun
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Mulay, Shree, Eowynne Feeney, and Daya R. Varma. "Patents, Policies and Pricing: Access to Medicines for Vulnerable Populations in a Global Economy*." In Health for Some. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230244399_13.

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Nahler, Gerhard. "reference pricing." In Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine. Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-89836-9_1204.

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Kolenda, Karen, and Henrik Vestergaard. "Pricing and Reimbursement of Medicinal Products in Denmark." In International Drug Regulatory Mechanisms. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003063858-15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pricing of medicines"

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Yerchak, A. I. "External Reference Pricing: The Market Of Medicines In The Republic Of Belarus." In MTSDT 2019 - Modern Tools for Sustainable Development of Territories. Special Topic: Project Management in the Regions of Russia. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.12.05.31.

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Oliveira, Priscila Madeira da Silva Oliveira, and Gabriela Bittencourt Gonzalez Mosegui. "Biological medicines for the treatment of multiple sclerosis in latin america: a comparative pricing study." In II INTERNATIONAL SEVEN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeinternationalanais-089.

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Abstract Comparing the prices of biological drugs used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as their availability and affordability, in four Latin American countries. Latin America (LA): Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Mexico.
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Yen, Hui-Tzu, and Tyrone T. Lin. "Analysis of transnational joint venture decision evaluation on aesthetic medicine: Extended binomial options pricing model." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2016.7798138.

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Yan, Jingning. "The Study on the Pricing Model of the Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Public Private Partnership Project." In International Conference on Electronics, Mechanics, Culture and Medicine. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emcm-15.2016.82.

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Buckton, CH, T. Ikegwuonu, JGL Lee, et al. "P06 Advancing cancer prevention pricing interventions across the UK and US: optimising message framing – a qualitative formative study." In Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.158.

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Hilton, S., C. Buckton, and G. Fergie. "OP5 #Exploring industry influence across alcohol and sugar pricing policies in the UK: a discourse network analysis." In Society for Social Medicine 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting, Hosted by the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 5–7 September 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-ssmabstracts.5.

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Hilton, S., T. Henrichsen, G. Fergie, CH Buckton, and P. Leifeld. "RF19 Ideology, stakeholders and public health policy: a comparison of media discourses on alcohol and sugar pricing policy in the UK." In Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.134.

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Reports on the topic "Pricing of medicines"

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Ciapponi, Agustín. What are the effects of reference pricing and other pharmaceutical pricing and purchasing policies? SUPPORT, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/1608143.

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Pharmaceutical pricing and purchasing policies are used to determine or affect the prices that are paid for drugs. This review found evidence for reference pricing, index pricing, and maximum prices. In reference pricing a reference drug is chosen amongst identical or similar medicines or therapeutically equivalent and the price of the reference drug is reimbursed for all the drugs in that group of drugs. For drugs that are more expensive than the reference drug, the patient has to pay the cost above the reference price. An index price is the maximum refundable price to pharmacies for drugs wi
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Collington, Rosie, and William Lazonick. Pricing for Medicine Innovation: A Regulatory Approach to Support Drug Development and Patient Access. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp176.

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The United States represents the world’s largest market for pharmaceutical drugs. It is also the only advanced economy in the world that does not regulate drug prices. There is no upper threshold for the prices of medicines in the United States. List prices are instead set by manufacturers in negotiation with supply-chain intermediaries, though some federal programs have degrees of discretion in price determinations. In practice, this deregulated system means that drug prices in the United States are generally far higher than in other advanced economies, adversely affecting patient accessibili
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Koeller, Priscila. Nota Técnica n. 142 (Diset) : Novo acordo do Reino Unido para medicamentos de marcas e o esquema estatutário para os não signatários – diferenças no processo de precificação. Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea), 2025. https://doi.org/10.38116/ntdiset142-port.

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O objetivo desta nota é apresentar o novo acordo voluntário firmado no Reino Unido em 2024 — o Voluntary Scheme for Branded Medicines Pricing, Access and Growth (VPAG) — e a revisão do esquema estatutário de precificação de medicamentos, ambos voltados à regulação do acesso e dos custos dos medicamentos inovadores de alto custo. A proposta busca responder à crescente demanda por terapias avançadas, ao mesmo tempo em que garante sustentabilidade aos gastos do sistema público de saúde britânico, o NHS. O texto, baseado em revisão bibliográfica e documentos oficiais, detalha as principais mudança
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MSF Access, Campaign. DR-TB drugs under the microscope 2022. Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57740/zxbm-0414.

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TB was the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent until the COVID pandemic. The number of people newly diagnosed with TB in 2020 fell by 18% from the previous year due to disruptions to health systems and services caused by the pandemic, with only a partial recovery in 2021. As a result, in 2021, only one in three people with drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) received treatment for the disease. However, since the onset of the pandemic, more effective and patient-friendly treatments and regimens for adults and children have become available to the TB community. Now more than ever there i
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Wong, John, Stephanie Anne Co, Cheyenne Ariana Erika Modina, et al. An Outcome Evaluation of the Philippine Health Technology Assessment Program. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2022. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2022.59.

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The passage of the UHC law in 2019 mandated the creation of the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Program to identify and recommend the most cost-effective health technologies for the Philippine government to procure. Since its inception, the HTA has mainly assessed COVID-19-related technologies. But with changing demands, current HTA processes must be evaluated for their relevance and usefulness post-pandemic and performance relative to international best practices. More importantly, there is a need to assess the far-reaching impacts of pricing and procurement on end users. Given these crite
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Breve 24. The pharmaceutical price regulation in El Salvador. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004010.

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This policy brief is based on a webinar presented by Luis Alejandro Rivera, Chief of the Pricing Unit at the Dirección Nacional de Medicamentos (National Directorate of Medicines DNM) in El Salvador. The presentation was given on July 2019. Rising prices of medications are a global concern as healthcare expenditures soar and more patients are unable to access the medicines they need. El Salvador has managed to control and lower the price of prescription medicines for both innovator and generic medicines, while maintaining a well-functioning and cost-saving pharmaceutical market. This publicati
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